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327 lines
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327 lines
9.9 KiB
Plaintext
---
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title: Database Access with PostgreSQL on GCP Cloud SQL
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description: How to configure Teleport database access with GCP Cloud SQL PostgreSQL.
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videoBanner: br9LZ3ZXqCk
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---
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/db-introduction.mdx dbType="PostgreSQL on Google Cloud SQL" dbConfigure="with a service account"!)
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## How it works
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/how-it-works/iam.mdx db="PostgreSQL" cloud="Google Cloud"!)
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<Tabs>
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<TabItem scope={["oss", "enterprise"]} label="Self-Hosted">
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</TabItem>
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<TabItem scope={["cloud"]} label="Teleport Enterprise Cloud">
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</TabItem>
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</Tabs>
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## Prerequisites
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(!docs/pages/includes/edition-prereqs-tabs.mdx!)
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- Google Cloud account
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- Command-line client `psql` installed and added to your system's `PATH` environment variable.
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- A host, e.g., a Compute Engine instance, where you will run the Teleport Database
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Service
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- (!docs/pages/includes/tctl.mdx!)
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## Step 1/7. Enable Cloud SQL IAM authentication
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Teleport uses [IAM database authentication](https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/authentication)
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with Cloud SQL PostgreSQL instances.
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/cloudsql_enable_iam_auth.mdx type="PostgreSQL" !)
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## Step 2/7. Create a service account for a database user
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Teleport uses service accounts to connect to Cloud SQL databases.
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/cloudsql_create_db_user_account.mdx!)
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/cloudsql_grant_db_user.mdx!)
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### Configure authentication for your service account
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Now go back to the Users page of your Cloud SQL instance and add a new user
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account. In the sidebar, choose "Cloud IAM" authentication type and add the
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service account you've just created:
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Press "Add" and your Users table should look similar to this:
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See [Creating and managing IAM users](https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/create-manage-iam-users)
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in Google Cloud documentation for more info.
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## Step 3/7. Create a service account for the Teleport Database Service
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The final part of GCP configuration is to create a service account for the
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Teleport Database Service.
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### Create a service account
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Go to the [Service Accounts](https://console.cloud.google.com/iam-admin/serviceaccounts)
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page and create a service account:
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### Grant permissions
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/cloudsql_grant_db_service_account.mdx!)
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<Admonition type="note" title="Service account permissions">
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"Service Account Token Creator", "Cloud SQL Viewer", and "Cloud SQL Admin"
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IAM roles include more permissions than the Database Service needs. To further
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restrict the service account, you can create a role that includes only the
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following permissions:
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```ini
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# Used to generate IAM auth tokens when connecting to a database instance.
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iam.serviceAccounts.getAccessToken
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# Used to auto-download the instance's root CA certificate.
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cloudsql.instances.get
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```
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</Admonition>
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### (Optional) Allow only SSL connections
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/cloudsql-ssl.mdx!)
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### (Optional) Create a key for the service account
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/cloudsql_service_account_key.mdx!)
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## Step 4/7. Gather Cloud SQL instance information
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To connect a Cloud SQL database to Teleport, you'll need to gather a few pieces
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of information about the instance.
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- GCP Project ID.
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You can normally see it in the organization view at the top of the GCP dashboard.
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- Cloud SQL instance ID.
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The instance ID is the name of your Cloud SQL instance shown at the top of the
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Overview page:
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- Cloud SQL instance endpoint.
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You will use the instance's public IP address to connect to it. It can be viewed
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on the "Connect to this instance" panel on the Overview page:
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- (Optional) Cloud SQL instance root certificate.
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/cloudsql_download_root_ca.mdx!)
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## Step 5/7. Create a Teleport user
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/create-user.mdx!)
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## Step 6/7. Set up the Teleport Database Service
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/token.mdx!)
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Install Teleport on the host where you will run the Teleport Database Service:
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(!docs/pages/includes/install-linux.mdx!)
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Below is an example of a Database Service configuration file that proxies
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a single Cloud SQL PostgreSQL database. Save this to `/etc/teleport.yaml`:
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<Tabs>
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<TabItem scope={["oss", "enterprise"]} label="Self-Hosted">
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```yaml
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version: v3
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teleport:
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data_dir: /var/lib/teleport
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nodename: test
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# Proxy address to connect to. Note that it has to be the proxy address
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# because the Database Service always connects to the cluster over a reverse
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# tunnel.
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proxy_server: teleport.example.com:443
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auth_token: "/tmp/token"
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db_service:
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enabled: "yes"
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# This section contains definitions of all databases proxied by this
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# service, can contain multiple items.
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databases:
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# Name of the database proxy instance, used to reference in CLI.
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- name: "cloudsql"
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# Free-form description of the database proxy instance.
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description: "GCP Cloud SQL PostgreSQL"
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# Database protocol.
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protocol: "postgres"
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# Database endpoint. For Cloud SQL use instance's public IP address.
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uri: "35.1.2.3:5432"
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# (Optional) path to Cloud SQL instance root certificate you downloaded
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# manually above.
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ca_cert_file: /path/to/cloudsql/instance/root.pem
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# GCP specific configuration when connecting Cloud SQL instance.
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gcp:
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# GCP project ID.
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project_id: "<project-id>"
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# Cloud SQL instance ID.
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instance_id: "test"
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# Labels to assign to the database, used in RBAC.
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static_labels:
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env: dev
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auth_service:
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enabled: "no"
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ssh_service:
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enabled: "no"
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proxy_service:
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enabled: "no"
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```
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</TabItem>
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<TabItem scope={["cloud"]} label="Teleport Enterprise Cloud">
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```yaml
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version: v3
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teleport:
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data_dir: /var/lib/teleport
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nodename: test
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# Proxy address to connect to. Use your Teleport Cloud tenant address here.
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proxy_server: mytenant.teleport.sh:443
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auth_token: "/tmp/token"
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db_service:
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enabled: "yes"
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# This section contains definitions of all databases proxied by this
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# service, can contain multiple items.
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databases:
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# Name of the database proxy instance, used to reference in CLI.
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- name: "cloudsql"
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# Free-form description of the database proxy instance.
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description: "GCP Cloud SQL PostgreSQL"
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# Database protocol.
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protocol: "postgres"
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# Database endpoint. For Cloud SQL use instance's public IP address.
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uri: "35.1.2.3:5432"
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# (Optional) path to Cloud SQL instance root certificate you downloaded
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# manually above.
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ca_cert_file: /path/to/cloudsql/instance/root.pem
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# GCP specific configuration when connecting Cloud SQL instance.
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gcp:
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# GCP project ID.
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project_id: "<project-id>"
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# Cloud SQL instance ID.
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instance_id: "test"
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# Labels to assign to the database, used in RBAC.
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static_labels:
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env: dev
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auth_service:
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enabled: "no"
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ssh_service:
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enabled: "no"
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proxy_service:
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enabled: "no"
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```
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</TabItem>
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</Tabs>
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<Notice
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type="tip"
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>
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A single Teleport process can run multiple different services, for example
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multiple Database Services instances as well as other services such the SSH
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Service or Application Service.
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</Notice>
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(!docs/pages/includes/start-teleport.mdx service="the Teleport Database Service"!)
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### GCP credentials
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/cloudsql_service_credentials.mdx!)
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## Step 7/7. Connect
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Once the Database Service has joined the cluster, log in to see the available
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databases:
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<Tabs>
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<TabItem scope={["oss", "enterprise"]} label="Self-Hosted">
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```code
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$ tsh login --proxy=teleport.example.com --user=alice
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$ tsh db ls
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# Name Description Labels
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# -------- ------------------------ --------
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# cloudsql GCP Cloud SQL PostgreSQL env=dev
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```
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</TabItem>
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<TabItem scope={["cloud"]} label="Teleport Enterprise Cloud">
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```code
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$ tsh login --proxy=mytenant.teleport.sh --user=alice
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$ tsh db ls
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# Name Description Labels
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# -------- ------------------------ --------
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# cloudsql GCP Cloud SQL PostgreSQL env=dev
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```
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</TabItem>
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</Tabs>
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Note that you will only be able to see databases your role has access to. See
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our [RBAC](../rbac.mdx) guide for more details.
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To retrieve credentials for a database and connect to it:
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```code
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$ tsh db connect --db-user=teleport@<project-id>.iam --db-name=postgres cloudsql
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```
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<Admonition
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type="note"
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title="What database user name to use?"
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>
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When connecting to the database, use the name of the database's service account
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that you added as an IAM database user
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[above](#step-27-create-a-service-account-for-a-database-user),
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minus the `.gserviceaccount.com` suffix. The database user name is shown on
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the Users page of your Cloud SQL instance.
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</Admonition>
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To log out of the database and remove credentials:
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```code
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# Remove credentials for a particular database instance.
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$ tsh db logout cloudsql
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# Remove credentials for all database instances.
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$ tsh db logout
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```
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## Troubleshooting
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/pg-cancel-request-limitation.mdx!)
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/psql-ssl-syscall-error.mdx!)
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## Next steps
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(!docs/pages/includes/database-access/guides-next-steps.mdx!)
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- Learn more about [authenticating as a service
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account](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication#service-accounts) in
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Google Cloud.
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