Merge pull request #281 from Zeyi-Lin/master
docs: Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct Lora 微调 SwanLab可视化记录版
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
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- [ ] [Qwen2-vl-2B WebDemo 部署]() @赵伟
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- [ ] [Qwen2-vl-2B vLLM 部署]() @荞麦
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- [ ] [Qwen2-vl-2B Lora 微调]() @李柯辰
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- [ ] [Qwen2-vl-2B Lora 微调 SwanLab 可视化记录版]()
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- [x] [Qwen2-vl-2B Lora 微调 SwanLab 可视化记录版](./models/Qwen2-VL/05-Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct%20Lora%20微调%20SwanLab%20可视化记录版.md) @林泽毅
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- [Qwen2.5](https://github.com/QwenLM/Qwen2.5)
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- [x] [Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct FastApi 部署调用](./models/Qwen2.5/01-Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct%20FastApi%20部署调用.md) @娄天奥
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# Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct Lora 微调 SwanLab可视化记录版
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本节我们简要介绍基于 transformers、peft 等框架,使用 Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct 模型在**COCO2014图像描述** 上进行Lora微调训练,同时使用 [SwanLab](https://github.com/swanhubx/swanlab) 监控训练过程与评估模型效果。
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Lora 是一种高效微调方法,深入了解其原理可参见博客:[知乎|深入浅出 Lora](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/650197598)。
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训练过程:<a href="https://swanlab.cn/@ZeyiLin/Qwen2-VL-finetune/runs/53vm3y7sp5h5fzlmlc5up/chart" target="_blank">Qwen2-VL-finetune
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</a>
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## 目录
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- [SwanLab简介](#-SwanLab简介)
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- [环境配置](#-环境配置)
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- [准备数据集](#-准备数据集)
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- [模型下载与加载](#-模型下载与加载)
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- [集成SwanLab](#-集成SwanLab)
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- [开始微调(完整代码)](#-开始微调)
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- [训练结果演示](#-训练结果演示)
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- [推理LoRA微调后的模型](#-推理LoRA微调后的模型)
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- [补充](#补充)
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## 👋 SwanLab简介
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[SwanLab](https://github.com/swanhubx/swanlab) 是一个开源的模型训练记录工具,常被称为"中国版 Weights&Biases + Tensorboard"。SwanLab面向AI研究者,提供了训练可视化、自动日志记录、超参数记录、实验对比、多人协同等功能。在SwanLab上,研究者能基于直观的可视化图表发现训练问题,对比多个实验找到研究灵感,并通过在线链接的分享与基于组织的多人协同训练,打破团队沟通的壁垒。
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**为什么要记录训练?**
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相较于软件开发,模型训练更像一个实验科学。一个品质优秀的模型背后,往往是成千上万次实验。研究者需要不断尝试、记录、对比,积累经验,才能找到最佳的模型结构、超参数与数据配比。在这之中,如何高效进行记录与对比,对于研究效率的提升至关重要。
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**可视化的价值在哪里?**
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机器学习模型训练往往伴随着大量的超参数、指标、日志等数据,很多关键信息往往存在于实验的中间而非结尾,如果不对连续的指标通过图表进行可视化,往往会错失发现问题的最佳时机,甚至错过关键信息。同时不进行可视化,也难以对比多个实验之间的差异。
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可视化也为AI研究者提供了良好的交流基础,研究者们可以基于图表进行沟通、分析与优化,而非以往看着枯燥的终端打印。这打破了团队沟通的壁垒,提高了整体的研发效率。
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## 🌍 环境配置
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环境配置分为三步:
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1. 确保你的电脑上至少有一张英伟达显卡,并已安装好了CUDA环境。
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2. 安装Python(版本>=3.8)以及能够调用CUDA加速的PyTorch。
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3. 安装Qwen2-VL微调相关的第三方库,可以使用以下命令:
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```bash
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python -m pip install --upgrade pip
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# 更换 pypi 源加速库的安装
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pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
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pip install modelscope==1.18.0
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pip install transformers==4.46.2
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pip install sentencepiece==0.2.0
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pip install accelerate==1.1.1
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pip install datasets==2.18.0
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pip install peft==0.13.2
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pip install swanlab==0.3.25
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pip install qwen-vl-utils==0.0.8
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```
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## 📚 准备数据集
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本节使用的是 [coco_2014_caption](https://modelscope.cn/datasets/modelscope/coco_2014_caption/summary) 数据集(中的500张图),该数据集主要用于多模态(Image-to-Text)任务。
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> 数据集介绍:COCO 2014 Caption数据集是Microsoft Common Objects in Context (COCO)数据集的一部分,主要用于图像描述任务。该数据集包含了大约40万张图像,每张图像都有至少1个人工生成的英文描述语句。这些描述语句旨在帮助计算机理解图像内容,并为图像自动生成描述提供训练数据。
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在本节的任务中,我们主要使用其中的前500张图像,并对它进行处理和格式调整,目标是组合成如下格式的json文件:
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```json
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[
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{
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"id": "identity_1",
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"conversations": [
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{
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"from": "user",
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"value": "COCO Yes: <|vision_start|>图像文件路径<|vision_end|>"
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},
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{
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"from": "assistant",
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"value": "A snow skier assessing the mountain before starting to sky"
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}
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]
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},
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...
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]
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```
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其中,"from"是角色(user代表人类,assistant代表模型),"value"是聊天的内容,其中`<|vision_start|>`和`<|vision_end|>`是Qwen2-VL模型识别图像的标记,中间可以放图像的文件路径,也可以是URL。
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**数据集下载与处理方式**
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1. **我们需要做四件事情:**
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- 通过Modelscope下载coco_2014_caption数据集
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- 加载数据集,将图像保存到本地
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- 将图像路径和描述文本转换为一个csv文件
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- 将csv文件转换为json文件
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2. **使用下面的代码完成从数据下载到生成csv的过程:**
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data2csv.py:
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```python
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# 导入所需的库
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from modelscope.msdatasets import MsDataset
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import os
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import pandas as pd
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MAX_DATA_NUMBER = 500
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# 检查目录是否已存在
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if not os.path.exists('coco_2014_caption'):
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# 从modelscope下载COCO 2014图像描述数据集
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ds = MsDataset.load('modelscope/coco_2014_caption', subset_name='coco_2014_caption', split='train')
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print(len(ds))
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# 设置处理的图片数量上限
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total = min(MAX_DATA_NUMBER, len(ds))
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# 创建保存图片的目录
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os.makedirs('coco_2014_caption', exist_ok=True)
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# 初始化存储图片路径和描述的列表
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image_paths = []
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captions = []
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for i in range(total):
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# 获取每个样本的信息
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item = ds[i]
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image_id = item['image_id']
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caption = item['caption']
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image = item['image']
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# 保存图片并记录路径
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image_path = os.path.abspath(f'coco_2014_caption/{image_id}.jpg')
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image.save(image_path)
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# 将路径和描述添加到列表中
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image_paths.append(image_path)
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captions.append(caption)
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# 每处理50张图片打印一次进度
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if (i + 1) % 50 == 0:
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print(f'Processing {i+1}/{total} images ({(i+1)/total*100:.1f}%)')
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# 将图片路径和描述保存为CSV文件
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df = pd.DataFrame({
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'image_path': image_paths,
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'caption': captions
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})
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# 将数据保存为CSV文件
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df.to_csv('./coco-2024-dataset.csv', index=False)
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print(f'数据处理完成,共处理了{total}张图片')
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else:
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print('coco_2014_caption目录已存在,跳过数据处理步骤')
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```
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**3. 在同一目录下,用以下代码,将csv文件转换为json文件:**
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csv2json.py:
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```python
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import pandas as pd
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import json
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# 载入CSV文件
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df = pd.read_csv('./coco-2024-dataset.csv')
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conversations = []
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# 添加对话数据
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for i in range(len(df)):
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conversations.append({
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"id": f"identity_{i+1}",
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"conversations": [
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{
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"from": "user",
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"value": f"COCO Yes: <|vision_start|>{df.iloc[i]['image_path']}<|vision_end|>"
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},
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{
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"from": "assistant",
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"value": df.iloc[i]['caption']
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}
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]
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})
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# 保存为Json
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with open('data_vl.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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json.dump(conversations, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
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```
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此时目录下会多出两个文件:
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- coco-2024-dataset.csv
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- data_vl.json
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至此,我们完成了数据集的准备。
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## 🤖 模型下载与加载
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这里我们使用modelscope下载Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct模型,然后把它加载到Transformers中进行训练:
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```python
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from modelscope import snapshot_download, AutoTokenizer
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from transformers import TrainingArguments, Trainer, DataCollatorForSeq2Seq, Qwen2VLForConditionalGeneration, AutoProcessor
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import torch
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# 在modelscope上下载Qwen2-VL模型到本地目录下
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model_dir = snapshot_download("Qwen/Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct", cache_dir="./", revision="master")
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# 使用Transformers加载模型权重
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("./Qwen/Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct/", use_fast=False, trust_remote_code=True)
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# 特别的,Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct模型需要使用Qwen2VLForConditionalGeneration来加载
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model = Qwen2VLForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("./Qwen/Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct/", device_map="auto", torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, trust_remote_code=True,)
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model.enable_input_require_grads() # 开启梯度检查点时,要执行该方法
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```
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模型大小为 4.5GB,下载模型大概需要 5 分钟。
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## 🐦 集成SwanLab
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SwanLab与Transformers已经做好了集成,用法是在Trainer的`callbacks`参数中添加`SwanLabCallback`实例,就可以自动记录超参数和训练指标,简化代码如下:
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```python
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from swanlab.integration.transformers import SwanLabCallback
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from transformers import Trainer
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swanlab_callback = SwanLabCallback()
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trainer = Trainer(
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...
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callbacks=[swanlab_callback],
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)
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```
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首次使用SwanLab,需要先在[官网](https://swanlab.cn)注册一个账号,然后在用户设置页面复制你的API Key,然后在训练开始提示登录时粘贴即可,后续无需再次登录:
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更多用法可参考[快速开始](https://docs.swanlab.cn/zh/guide_cloud/general/quick-start.html)、[Transformers集成](https://docs.swanlab.cn/zh/guide_cloud/integration/integration-huggingface-transformers.html)。
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## 🚀 开始微调
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查看可视化训练过程:<a href="https://swanlab.cn/@ZeyiLin/Qwen2-VL-finetune/runs/53vm3y7sp5h5fzlmlc5up/chart" target="_blank">Qwen2-VL-finetune</a>
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**本节代码做了以下几件事:**
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1. 下载并加载Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct模型
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2. 加载数据集,取前496条数据参与训练,4条数据进行主观评测
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3. 配置Lora,参数为r=64, lora_alpha=16, lora_dropout=0.05
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4. 使用SwanLab记录训练过程,包括超参数、指标和最终的模型输出结果
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5. 训练2个epoch
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开始执行代码时的目录结构应该是:
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```
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|———— train.py
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|———— coco_2014_caption
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|———— coco-2024-dataset.csv
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|———— data_vl.json
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|———— data2csv.py
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|———— csv2json.py
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```
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**完整代码如下**
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train.py:
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```python
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import torch
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from datasets import Dataset
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from modelscope import snapshot_download, AutoTokenizer
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from swanlab.integration.transformers import SwanLabCallback
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from qwen_vl_utils import process_vision_info
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from peft import LoraConfig, TaskType, get_peft_model, PeftModel
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from transformers import (
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TrainingArguments,
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Trainer,
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DataCollatorForSeq2Seq,
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Qwen2VLForConditionalGeneration,
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AutoProcessor,
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)
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import swanlab
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import json
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def process_func(example):
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"""
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将数据集进行预处理
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"""
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MAX_LENGTH = 8192
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input_ids, attention_mask, labels = [], [], []
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conversation = example["conversations"]
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input_content = conversation[0]["value"]
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output_content = conversation[1]["value"]
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instruction = tokenizer(
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f"<|im_start|>system\nYou are a helpful assistant.<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>user\n{input_content}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n",
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add_special_tokens=False,
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)
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response = tokenizer(f"{output_content}", add_special_tokens=False)
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input_ids = (
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instruction["input_ids"] + response["input_ids"] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id]
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)
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attention_mask = instruction["attention_mask"] + response["attention_mask"] + [1]
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labels = (
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[-100] * len(instruction["input_ids"])
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+ response["input_ids"]
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+ [tokenizer.pad_token_id]
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)
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if len(input_ids) > MAX_LENGTH: # 做一个截断
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input_ids = input_ids[:MAX_LENGTH]
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attention_mask = attention_mask[:MAX_LENGTH]
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labels = labels[:MAX_LENGTH]
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return {"input_ids": input_ids, "attention_mask": attention_mask, "labels": labels}
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def predict(messages, model):
|
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# 准备推理
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text = processor.apply_chat_template(messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True)
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image_inputs, video_inputs = process_vision_info(messages)
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inputs = processor(
|
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text=[text],
|
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images=image_inputs,
|
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videos=video_inputs,
|
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padding=True,
|
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return_tensors="pt",
|
||||
)
|
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inputs = inputs.to("cuda")
|
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|
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# 生成输出
|
||||
generated_ids = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=128)
|
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generated_ids_trimmed = [
|
||||
out_ids[len(in_ids) :] for in_ids, out_ids in zip(inputs.input_ids, generated_ids)
|
||||
]
|
||||
output_text = processor.batch_decode(
|
||||
generated_ids_trimmed, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
return output_text[0]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# 在modelscope上下载Qwen2-VL模型到本地目录下
|
||||
model_dir = snapshot_download("Qwen/Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct", cache_dir="./", revision="master")
|
||||
|
||||
# 使用Transformers加载模型权重
|
||||
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("./Qwen/Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct/", use_fast=False, trust_remote_code=True)
|
||||
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("./Qwen/Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct")
|
||||
|
||||
model = Qwen2VLForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("./Qwen/Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct/", device_map="auto", torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, trust_remote_code=True,)
|
||||
model.enable_input_require_grads() # 开启梯度检查点时,要执行该方法
|
||||
|
||||
# 处理数据集:读取json文件
|
||||
# 拆分成训练集和测试集,保存为data_vl_train.json和data_vl_test.json
|
||||
train_json_path = "data_vl.json"
|
||||
with open(train_json_path, 'r') as f:
|
||||
data = json.load(f)
|
||||
train_data = data[:-4]
|
||||
test_data = data[-4:]
|
||||
|
||||
with open("data_vl_train.json", "w") as f:
|
||||
json.dump(train_data, f)
|
||||
|
||||
with open("data_vl_test.json", "w") as f:
|
||||
json.dump(test_data, f)
|
||||
|
||||
train_ds = Dataset.from_json("data_vl_train.json")
|
||||
train_dataset = train_ds.map(process_func)
|
||||
|
||||
# 配置LoRA
|
||||
config = LoraConfig(
|
||||
task_type=TaskType.CAUSAL_LM,
|
||||
target_modules=["q_proj", "k_proj", "v_proj", "o_proj", "gate_proj", "up_proj", "down_proj"],
|
||||
inference_mode=False, # 训练模式
|
||||
r=64, # Lora 秩
|
||||
lora_alpha=16, # Lora alaph,具体作用参见 Lora 原理
|
||||
lora_dropout=0.05, # Dropout 比例
|
||||
bias="none",
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
# 获取LoRA模型
|
||||
peft_model = get_peft_model(model, config)
|
||||
|
||||
# 配置训练参数
|
||||
args = TrainingArguments(
|
||||
output_dir="./output/Qwen2-VL-2B",
|
||||
per_device_train_batch_size=4,
|
||||
gradient_accumulation_steps=4,
|
||||
logging_steps=10,
|
||||
num_train_epochs=2,
|
||||
save_steps=100,
|
||||
learning_rate=1e-4,
|
||||
save_on_each_node=True,
|
||||
gradient_checkpointing=True,
|
||||
report_to="none",
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
# 设置SwanLab回调
|
||||
swanlab_callback = SwanLabCallback(
|
||||
project="Qwen2-VL-finetune",
|
||||
experiment_name="qwen2-vl-coco2014",
|
||||
config={
|
||||
"model": "https://modelscope.cn/models/Qwen/Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct",
|
||||
"dataset": "https://modelscope.cn/datasets/modelscope/coco_2014_caption/quickstart",
|
||||
"github": "https://github.com/datawhalechina/self-llm",
|
||||
"prompt": "COCO Yes: ",
|
||||
"train_data_number": len(train_data),
|
||||
"lora_rank": 64,
|
||||
"lora_alpha": 16,
|
||||
"lora_dropout": 0.1,
|
||||
},
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
# 配置Trainer
|
||||
trainer = Trainer(
|
||||
model=peft_model,
|
||||
args=args,
|
||||
train_dataset=train_dataset,
|
||||
data_collator=DataCollatorForSeq2Seq(tokenizer=tokenizer, padding=True),
|
||||
callbacks=[swanlab_callback],
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
# 开启模型训练
|
||||
trainer.train()
|
||||
|
||||
# ====================测试模式===================
|
||||
# 配置测试参数
|
||||
val_config = LoraConfig(
|
||||
task_type=TaskType.CAUSAL_LM,
|
||||
target_modules=["q_proj", "k_proj", "v_proj", "o_proj", "gate_proj", "up_proj", "down_proj"],
|
||||
inference_mode=True, # 训练模式
|
||||
r=64, # Lora 秩
|
||||
lora_alpha=16, # Lora alaph,具体作用参见 Lora 原理
|
||||
lora_dropout=0.05, # Dropout 比例
|
||||
bias="none",
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
# 获取测试模型
|
||||
val_peft_model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(model, model_id="./output/Qwen2-VL-2B/checkpoint-62", config=val_config)
|
||||
|
||||
# 读取测试数据
|
||||
with open("data_vl_test.json", "r") as f:
|
||||
test_dataset = json.load(f)
|
||||
|
||||
test_image_list = []
|
||||
for item in test_dataset:
|
||||
input_image_prompt = item["conversations"][0]["value"]
|
||||
# 去掉前后的<|vision_start|>和<|vision_end|>
|
||||
origin_image_path = input_image_prompt.split("<|vision_start|>")[1].split("<|vision_end|>")[0]
|
||||
|
||||
messages = [{
|
||||
"role": "user",
|
||||
"content": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"type": "image",
|
||||
"image": origin_image_path
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"type": "text",
|
||||
"text": "COCO Yes:"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]}]
|
||||
|
||||
response = predict(messages, val_peft_model)
|
||||
messages.append({"role": "assistant", "content": f"{response}"})
|
||||
print(messages[-1])
|
||||
|
||||
test_image_list.append(swanlab.Image(origin_image_path, caption=response))
|
||||
|
||||
swanlab.log({"Prediction": test_image_list})
|
||||
|
||||
# 在Jupyter Notebook中运行时要停止SwanLab记录,需要调用swanlab.finish()
|
||||
swanlab.finish()
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
看到下面的进度条即代表训练开始:
|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## 💻 训练结果演示
|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||
从SwanLab图表中我们可以看到,lr的下降策略是线性下降,loss随epoch呈现下降趋势,而grad_norm则在上升。这种形态往往反映了模型有过拟合的风险,训练不要超过2个epoch。
|
||||
|
||||
在`Prediction`图表中记录着模型最终的输出结果,可以看到模型在回答的风格上是用的COCO数据集的简短英文风格进行的描述:
|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||
而同样的图像,没有被微调的模型输出结果如下:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
1-没有微调:The image depicts a cozy living room with a rocking chair in the center, a bookshelf filled with books, and a table with a vase and a few other items. The walls are decorated with wallpaper, and there are curtains on the windows. The room appears to be well-lit, with sunlight streaming in from the windows.
|
||||
1-微调后:A living room with a rocking chair, a bookshelf, and a table with a vase and a bowl.
|
||||
|
||||
2-没有微调:It looks like a family gathering or a party in a living room. There are several people sitting around a dining table, eating pizza. The room has a cozy and warm atmosphere.
|
||||
2-微调后:A group of people sitting around a dining table eating pizza.
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
可以明显看到微调后风格的变化。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## 🧐 推理LoRA微调后的模型
|
||||
|
||||
加载lora微调后的模型,并进行推理:
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
from transformers import Qwen2VLForConditionalGeneration, AutoProcessor
|
||||
from qwen_vl_utils import process_vision_info
|
||||
from peft import PeftModel, LoraConfig, TaskType
|
||||
|
||||
config = LoraConfig(
|
||||
task_type=TaskType.CAUSAL_LM,
|
||||
target_modules=["q_proj", "k_proj", "v_proj", "o_proj", "gate_proj", "up_proj", "down_proj"],
|
||||
inference_mode=True,
|
||||
r=64, # Lora 秩
|
||||
lora_alpha=16, # Lora alaph,具体作用参见 Lora 原理
|
||||
lora_dropout=0.05, # Dropout 比例
|
||||
bias="none",
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
# default: Load the model on the available device(s)
|
||||
model = Qwen2VLForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained(
|
||||
"./Qwen/Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct", torch_dtype="auto", device_map="auto"
|
||||
)
|
||||
model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(model, model_id="./output/Qwen2-VL-2B/checkpoint-62", config=config)
|
||||
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("./Qwen/Qwen2-VL-2B-Instruct")
|
||||
|
||||
messages = [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"role": "user",
|
||||
"content": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"type": "image",
|
||||
"image": "测试图像路径",
|
||||
},
|
||||
{"type": "text", "text": "COCO Yes:"},
|
||||
],
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
||||
# Preparation for inference
|
||||
text = processor.apply_chat_template(
|
||||
messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True
|
||||
)
|
||||
image_inputs, video_inputs = process_vision_info(messages)
|
||||
inputs = processor(
|
||||
text=[text],
|
||||
images=image_inputs,
|
||||
videos=video_inputs,
|
||||
padding=True,
|
||||
return_tensors="pt",
|
||||
)
|
||||
inputs = inputs.to("cuda")
|
||||
|
||||
# Inference: Generation of the output
|
||||
generated_ids = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=128)
|
||||
generated_ids_trimmed = [
|
||||
out_ids[len(in_ids) :] for in_ids, out_ids in zip(inputs.input_ids, generated_ids)
|
||||
]
|
||||
output_text = processor.batch_decode(
|
||||
generated_ids_trimmed, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False
|
||||
)
|
||||
print(output_text)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## 补充
|
||||
|
||||
### 详细硬件配置和参数说明
|
||||
|
||||
使用4张A100 40GB显卡,batch size为4,gradient accumulation steps为4,训练2个epoch的用时为1分钟57秒。
|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||
### 注意
|
||||
|
||||
- 在微调脚本中,`val_peft_model`加载的是一共固定的checkpoint文件,如果你添加了数据或超参数,请根据实际情况修改checkpoint文件路径。
|
||||
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 645 KiB |
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 842 KiB |
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 233 KiB |
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 316 KiB |
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 349 KiB |
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 4.2 MiB |
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 205 KiB |