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IoT DC3 is a fully open-source, distributed Internet of Things (IoT) platform built on Spring Cloud. It accelerates IoT solution delivery and simplifies full-lifecycle device management with a comprehensive architecture for robust, production-ready IoT systems. It is AI-ready, enabling seamless integration of intelligent connectivity, automation, and data-driven operations. All components and code are open-source, ensuring transparency, flexibility, and community-driven innovation.

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1 Architecture

The architecture is designed for end-to-end IoT capabilities across device connectivity, data services, operational management, and extensible application integration.

• Driver Layer: Provides SDKs for rapid driver development and seamless connectivity to physical devices through standard or proprietary protocols. This layer handles southbound data acquisition and command execution;
• Data Layer: Supports reliable collection, storage, and retrieval of device data, exposing robust interfaces for real-time and historical data services;
• Management Layer: Serves as the core hub for distributed microservice collaboration, including service registration, device/driver management, command orchestration, and centralized configuration governance;
• Application Layer: Enables data openness, scheduling, alarms, messaging, logging, third-party integrations, and AI-enhanced automation scenarios.

2 Objectives

• Scalability: Supports horizontal scaling with Spring Cloud for distributed, high-throughput IoT workloads;
• Resilience: Minimizes single-point-of-failure risk with interchangeable service nodes and fault-tolerant design;
• Performance: Handles large-scale device access and telemetry workloads for demanding IoT scenarios;
• Extensibility: Accelerates integration of new protocols and custom drivers through SDK and service registration;
• Deployment Flexibility: Runs across private cloud, public cloud, and edge environments with Java compatibility;
• Operational Efficiency: Streamlines onboarding, registration, and permission validation for devices and services;
• Security and Multi-Tenancy: Enforces encrypted communication, namespace isolation, and tenant-level separation;
• Cloud-Native Delivery: Optimized for Kubernetes and containerized with Docker for consistent deployments;
• AI-Ready Evolution: Enables integration of intelligent automation and data-driven operational workflows.

3 Development

3.1 Startup Dependencies

Choose one

This base stack starts PostgreSQL and RabbitMQ. If you need a database SQL script, connect directly to the started database in the container for export.

# Global access with standard container registry service
podman compose -f dc3/docker-compose-db.yml up -d

# Optimized registry service for users in mainland China
DC3_IMAGE_REGISTRY=registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/dc3 podman compose -f dc3/docker-compose-db.yml up -d

Optional helper targets:

make dev-db
make dev-optional
make dev
make dev-all

Use REGISTRY=domestic when you want the mainland China image registry variants. Backward-compatible aliases REGISTRY=aliyun and REGISTRY=cn still work:

make dev-db REGISTRY=domestic
make dev-all REGISTRY=domestic
make app-all REGISTRY=aliyun
make compose-up STACK=grafana REGISTRY=cn
make compose-logs STACK=dev REGISTRY=global

Docker Compose environment overrides

Copy the example file before changing any published ports, image tags, or observability settings:

cp .env.example .env

For the difference between root .env and dc3/env/dev.env(.sh), see dc3/doc/ENVIRONMENT.md.

The root .env is used by Compose only for variables referenced by Compose files, such as image registry, image tag, published ports, logging options, and optional observability settings. Local source-run Java processes should use dc3/env/dev.env or dc3/env/dev.env.sh. Agentic providers are normally stored in the database; configure AGENTIC_FALLBACK_OPENAI_BASE_URL, AGENTIC_FALLBACK_OPENAI_API_KEY, and AGENTIC_FALLBACK_OPENAI_MODEL only as fallback values for the process or container.

3.2 Preparation

source dc3/env/dev.env.sh
mvn -s .mvn/settings.xml clean package

Module Overview: See dc3/doc/MODULES.md for the full module dependency map and runtime flow diagram.

Local Dev Guide: See dc3/doc/QUICKSTART.md for a one-stop local setup workflow.

Troubleshooting: See dc3/doc/TROUBLESHOOTING.md for common build/runtime issues and resolutions.

3.3 Start Services

Start in order

# Gateway
java -jar dc3-gateway/target/dc3-gateway.jar

# Auth Center
java -jar dc3-center/dc3-center-auth/target/dc3-center-auth.jar

# Data Center
java -jar dc3-center/dc3-center-data/target/dc3-center-data.jar

# Manager Center
java -jar dc3-center/dc3-center-manager/target/dc3-center-manager.jar

# Agentic Center
java -jar dc3-center/dc3-center-agentic/target/dc3-center-agentic.jar

# Virtual Driver
java -jar dc3-driver/dc3-driver-virtual/target/dc3-driver-virtual.jar

# Other driver: Listening Virtual Driver, Modbus TCP Driver, MQTT Driver, OPC DA Driver, OPC UA Driver, Siemens S7 Driver

4 Technology Stack

• Java 21
• Spring Boot 3.5.5
• Spring Cloud 2025.0.0

5 Contribution

• Branch Creation: Start by creating a new branch from the main branch. Ensure that the main branch is up-to-date before branching out;
• Branch Naming: Follow the naming convention for the new branch: feature/your_name/feature_description. For example: feature/pnoker/mqtt_driver;
• Code and Documentation: Make your changes to the code or documentation on the new branch. Once done, commit your changes;
• Pull Request: Submit a Pull Request (PR) to merge your changes into the develop branch. Your PR will be reviewed and merged by the maintainers.

6 License

The IoT DC3 open-source platform is licensed under the AGPL 3.0 License. See LICENSE.txt for the repository license notice and commercial licensing clarification.