Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/develop' into develop
# Conflicts: # docs/tip/ffmpeg.md
@@ -14,15 +14,18 @@
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- 错误
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- [Mongo 启动失败](error/mongo-error.md)
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- 知识
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- [安装 Centos7](tip/install-centos7.md)
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- [Centos 创建用户](tip/centos-create-user.md)
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- [Centos 安装桌面环境](tip/centos-install-gnome.md)
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- [Centos 安装KVM](tip/centos-install-kvm.md)
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- [Centos 安装VNC](tip/centos-install-vnc.md)
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- [Centos 安装Pip](tip/centos-install-pip.md)
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- [Docker Compose](tip/docker-compose.md)
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- [FFmpeg](tip/ffmpeg.md)
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- [Http Code](tip/http-code.md)
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- [Nginx 代理](tip/nginx-prefix.md)
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- [Nginx Rtmp](tip/nginx-rtmp.md)
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- [Nohup](tip/nohup.md)
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- [NodeJs](tip/nodejs-upgrade.md)
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- [Http Code](tip/http-code.md)
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- [String.format()](tip/string-format.md)
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- [关于项目](about.md)
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After Width: | Height: | Size: 41 KiB |
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After Width: | Height: | Size: 47 KiB |
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After Width: | Height: | Size: 46 KiB |
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After Width: | Height: | Size: 38 KiB |
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After Width: | Height: | Size: 40 KiB |
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After Width: | Height: | Size: 40 KiB |
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After Width: | Height: | Size: 12 KiB |
@@ -145,3 +145,85 @@ ifup ens3
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### 常见指令
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KVM虚拟机的管理主要是通过virsh命令对虚拟机进行管理
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帮助文档
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh --help
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```
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查看虚拟机状态
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh list --all
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Id 名称 状态
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----------------------------------------------------
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4 win2k8r2 running
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```
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关机
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh shutdown win2k8r2
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```
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强制关闭电源
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh destroy win2k8r2
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```
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通过配置文件创建虚拟机
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh create /etc/libvirt/qemu/win2k8r2.xml
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```
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设置虚拟机开机自启
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh autostart win2k8r2
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[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/libvirt/qemu/autostart/
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总用量 0
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 1月 24 13:06 win2k8r2.xml -> /etc/libvirt/qemu/win2k8r2.xml
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```
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到处虚拟机配置文件
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh dumpxml win2k8r2 > /etc/libvirt/qemu/win2k8r2_bak.xml
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```
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删除虚拟机(该命令只删除配置文件,并不删除磁盘文件)
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh undefine win2k8r2
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```
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通过导出备份的配置文件恢复原KVM虚拟机的定义,并重新定义虚拟机。
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/libvirt/qemu/win2k8r2_bak.xml /etc/libvirt/qemu/win2k8r2.xml
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh define /etc/libvirt/qemu/win2k8r2.xml
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```
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编辑配置文件
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh edit win2k8r2
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```
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挂起
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh suspend win2k8r2
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```
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恢复
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh resume win2k8r2
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```
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创建存储卷
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /data/kvmstorage/centos7.qcow2 20G
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Formatting '/data/kvmstorage/centos7.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=21474836480 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off
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[root@localhost ~]# ll //data/kvmstorage
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总用量 7437168
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 197120 1月 24 13:21 centos7.qcow2
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-rw------- 1 qemu qemu 42956488704 1月 24 13:21 win2k8r2.qcow2
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```
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生成虚拟机
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```bash
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[root@localhost ~]# virt-install --virt-type kvm --name centos --ram 1024 \
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--disk /data/kvmstorage/centos7.qcow2,format=qcow2 \
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--network bridge=br0 \
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--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole \
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--os-type=linux --os-variant=rhel7 \
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--location=/data/iso/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1804.iso
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[root@localhost ~]# virsh list --all
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Id 名称 状态
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----------------------------------------------------
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5 win2k8r2 running
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7 centos running
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```
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@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
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### 安装 VNC Server
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> ```bash
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> yum install tigervnc-server
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> ```
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### 配置 VNC Server 实例
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### root 用户
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> ```bash
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> cp /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
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> ```
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>
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> 修改拷贝之后的配置文件 `vncserver@:1.service` 中 [Service] 部分:
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>
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> ```bash
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> # /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
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>
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> [Service]
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> Type=forking
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> User=root
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> # Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
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> ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i
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> ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l root -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
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> PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H%i.pid
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> ExecStop=-/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i
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> ```
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### 其他用户,例如:pnoker
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> ```bash
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> cp /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service
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> ```
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>
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> 修改拷贝之后的配置文件 `vncserver@:2.service` 中 [Service] 部分,其中普通用户的ExecStart不同于root,加/sbin/runuser则会在启动服务时报以下错误:
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>
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> ```bash
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> # /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
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>
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> [Service]
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> Type=forking
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> User=pnoker
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> # Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
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> ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i
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> ExecStart=/usr/bin/vncserver %i
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> PIDFile=/root/pnoker/.vnc/%H%i.pid
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> ExecStop=-/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i
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> ```
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### 设置 VNC 密码
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> ```bash
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> vncpasswd #root用户实例的vnc密码
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> su - pnoker
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> vncpasswd #普通用户一定要切换到用户自己的环境下
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> ```
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>
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> 密码设置完成后回到root权限下,启动服务
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### 启动服务
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> ```bash
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> systemctl daemon-reload
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> systemctl start vncserver@:1.service
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> systemctl enable vncserver@:1.service
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>
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> #如果配置了其他用户还需要执行
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> systemctl start vncserver@:2.service
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> systemctl enable vncserver@:2.service
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> ```
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## 防火墙设置
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> ```bash
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> firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5901/tcp
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> firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5902/tcp
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> firewall-cmd --reload
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> ```
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## 远程连接
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在其他电脑上安装 VNV Viewer 然后通过 主机地址,用户名,密码即可远程改Centos7系统。
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[VNV Viewer 下载地址](https://www.realvnc.com/en/connect/download/viewer/)
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@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
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### 1.安装UltraISO
|
||||
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||||
> **下载地址**:[https://cn.ultraiso.net/uiso9_cn.exe](https://cn.ultraiso.net/uiso9_cn.exe)
|
||||
>
|
||||
> **激活**:
|
||||
>
|
||||
> - 注册名:Guanjiu
|
||||
> - 注册码:A06C-83A7-701D-6CFC
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.下载 Centos7 镜像
|
||||
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||||
> 以下载最新 centos7 镜像为例
|
||||
>
|
||||
> **下载地址**:[https://www.centos.org/centos-linux/](https://www.centos.org/centos-linux/)
|
||||
>
|
||||
> **版本**:以实际机器类型为主,例如x64架构,下载 `CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-2009.iso`镜像
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.制作启动U盘
|
||||
|
||||
> **请将 U盘 安装以下配置进行格式化**
|
||||
>
|
||||
> - 文件系统:FAT32(默认)
|
||||
> - 至少10G以上
|
||||
> - 重要数据请提前备份好
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
插入U盘,启动UltraISO,然后操作步骤,如图所示:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
- **3.1** 选择 '**文件**' -> '**打开**',选择已经下载的 '**CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-2009.iso**' 镜像
|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
- **3.2** 选择 '**启动**' -> '**写入硬盘映像...**'
|
||||
- '**硬件驱动器**' 选择已经插入的 '**U盘**'
|
||||
- '**写入方式**' 选择 '**USB-HDD+**'
|
||||
- 确认无误之后,点击 '**写入**',该过程非常漫长,耐心等待完成即可
|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.安装 Centos7 系统
|
||||
|
||||
> 将制作好的 `Centos7` 启动 `U 盘` 插入到待安装的机器上,进入`BIOS` 设置从 `U盘` 启动,即可开始安装
|
||||