diff --git a/client/src/components/DataDialog/DataDialog.vue b/client/src/components/DataDialog/DataDialog.vue
index 913bd8b12c2..bedead028e3 100644
--- a/client/src/components/DataDialog/DataDialog.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/DataDialog/DataDialog.vue
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { faUpload } from "@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons";
 import { FontAwesomeIcon } from "@fortawesome/vue-fontawesome";
+import { BBadge } from "bootstrap-vue";
 import { onMounted, type Ref, ref, watch } from "vue";
 import Vue from "vue";
 
+import type { DataOption } from "@/components/Form/Elements/FormData/types";
 import type { SelectionItem } from "@/components/SelectionDialog/selectionTypes";
 import { useGlobalUploadModal } from "@/composables/globalUploadModal";
+import { useUploadMethodModal } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadMethodModal";
 import { useUrlTracker } from "@/composables/urlTracker";
 import { getAppRoot } from "@/onload/loadConfig";
 import { errorMessageAsString } from "@/utils/simple-error";
@@ -20,7 +23,7 @@ type Record = SelectionItem;
 
 interface Props {
     allowUpload?: boolean;
-    callback?: (results: Array<Record>) => void;
+    callback?: (results: Record[] | DataOption[]) => void;
     filterOkState?: boolean;
     filterByTypeIds?: string[];
     format?: string;
@@ -28,6 +31,8 @@ interface Props {
     multiple?: boolean;
     title?: string;
     history: string;
+    /** Optional formats to constrain the upload modal */
+    uploadModalFormats?: string[];
 }
 
 const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
@@ -39,6 +44,7 @@ const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
     library: true,
     multiple: false,
     title: "",
+    uploadModalFormats: undefined,
 });
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
@@ -48,6 +54,7 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 }>();
 
 const { openGlobalUploadModal } = useGlobalUploadModal();
+const { openUploadModal } = useUploadMethodModal();
 
 const errorMessage = ref("");
 const filter = ref("");
@@ -125,7 +132,7 @@ function onClick(record: Record) {
 function onOk() {
     const results = model.finalize();
     modalShow.value = false;
-    props.callback(results);
+    props.callback?.(results);
     emit("onOk", results);
 }
 
@@ -135,7 +142,7 @@ function onOpen(record: Record) {
 }
 
 /** Called when user decides to upload new data */
-function onUpload() {
+function onLegacyUpload() {
     const propsData = {
         multiple: props.multiple,
         format: props.format,
@@ -148,6 +155,21 @@ function onUpload() {
     emit("onUpload");
 }
 
+async function onBetaUpload() {
+    const result = await openUploadModal({
+        formats: props.uploadModalFormats,
+        multiple: props.multiple,
+        hideTips: true,
+    });
+    modalShow.value = false;
+    if (!result.cancelled) {
+        const uploadedOptions = result.toDataOptions();
+        props.callback?.(uploadedOptions);
+        emit("onOk", uploadedOptions);
+    }
+    emit("onUpload");
+}
+
 /** Performs server request to retrieve data records **/
 function load(url?: string) {
     if (url) {
@@ -207,10 +229,14 @@ watch(
         @onOpen="onOpen"
         @onUndo="load()">
         <template v-slot:buttons>
-            <GButton v-if="allowUpload" size="small" @click="onUpload">
+            <GButton v-if="allowUpload" size="small" class="mr-1" @click="onLegacyUpload">
                 <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faUpload" />
                 Upload
             </GButton>
+            <GButton v-if="allowUpload" size="small" title="Try our new upload experience" @click="onBetaUpload">
+                <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faUpload" />
+                <span v-localize>New upload<BBadge variant="warning" class="ml-1">Beta</BBadge></span>
+            </GButton>
         </template>
     </SelectionDialog>
 </template>
diff --git a/client/src/components/FilesDialog/utilities.ts b/client/src/components/FilesDialog/utilities.ts
index 62f6212511f..0eb86630e04 100644
--- a/client/src/components/FilesDialog/utilities.ts
+++ b/client/src/components/FilesDialog/utilities.ts
@@ -57,3 +57,10 @@ export function sortFileSources(a: SelectionItem, b: SelectionItem): number {
     }
     return a.label.localeCompare(b.label);
 }
+
+/**
+ * Normalize SelectionDialog's Model.finalize() return value (single item or array) into an array.
+ */
+export function selectionToArray(selection: SelectionItem | SelectionItem[]): SelectionItem[] {
+    return Array.isArray(selection) ? selection : selection ? [selection] : [];
+}
diff --git a/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormData.vue b/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormData.vue
index ac3feb9cc4b..7fdf44822b0 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormData.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormData.vue
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import { type EventData, useEventStore } from "@/stores/eventStore";
 import { orList } from "@/utils/strings";
 
 import type { DataOption, ExtendedCollectionType } from "./types";
-import { containsDataOption } from "./types";
+import { containsDataOption, isDataOption } from "./types";
 import { BATCH, SOURCE, VARIANTS } from "./variants";
 
 import FormSelection from "../FormSelection.vue";
@@ -38,13 +38,25 @@ import FormDataWorkflowRunTabs from "./FormDataWorkflowRunTabs.vue";
 import FormSelect from "@/components/Form/Elements/FormSelect.vue";
 import HelpText from "@/components/Help/HelpText.vue";
 
+type HistoryOrCollectionItem = HistoryItemSummary | DCESummary;
+
+/**
+ * These are raw API items that need to be converted to DataOption format.
+ */
+type SingleOrMultipleHistoryItems = HistoryOrCollectionItem | HistoryOrCollectionItem[];
+
+/**
+ * Response types from the data dialog callback.
+ * DataOption[] is returned by the beta upload path for fresh uploads.
+ * SingleOrMultipleHistoryItems (HistoryItemSummary and DCESummary) are returned for dataset/collection selection.
+ */
+type DialogResponse = DataOption[] | SingleOrMultipleHistoryItems;
+
 type SelectOption = {
     label: string;
     value: DataOption | null;
 };
 
-type HistoryOrCollectionItem = HistoryItemSummary | DCESummary;
-
 const props = withDefaults(
     defineProps<{
         loading?: boolean;
@@ -225,6 +237,10 @@ const formattedOptions = computed(() => {
                 // check if option (with same id) is already in result, if yes replace it with keepOption
                 const existingOptionIndex = result.findIndex((v) => v.value?.id === option.value?.id);
                 if (existingOptionIndex >= 0) {
+                    const existingOption = result[existingOptionIndex];
+                    if (existingOption?.value && shouldPreferCanonicalOption(existingOption.value, option.value)) {
+                        return;
+                    }
                     result[existingOptionIndex] = option;
                 } else {
                     result.unshift(option);
@@ -351,8 +367,16 @@ function getSourceType(val: DataOption) {
     }
 }
 
-/** Add values from drag/drop or data dialog sources */
-function handleIncoming(incoming: Record<string, unknown> | Record<string, unknown>[], partial = true) {
+/**
+ * Handle incoming data from sources that require validation and transformation.
+ * This includes drag-drop operations and data dialog selections.
+ * Validates datatype compatibility, source type compatibility, and converts to DataOption format.
+ *
+ * @param incoming - The incoming data objects to process
+ * @param partial - If true, merge with existing selection; if false, replace selection
+ * @returns true if processing succeeded, false otherwise
+ */
+function handleIncoming(incoming: SingleOrMultipleHistoryItems, partial = true) {
     if (incoming) {
         const values = Array.isArray(incoming) ? incoming : [incoming];
 
@@ -478,6 +502,81 @@ function toDataOption(item: HistoryOrCollectionItem): DataOption | null {
     return newValue;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Normalize an uploaded option by finding matching options in existing props.
+ * Returns the canonical option if found, otherwise returns the uploaded option.
+ */
+function normalizeOption(option: DataOption): DataOption {
+    const keepKey = `${option.id}_${option.src}`;
+    const existingOptions = props.options?.[option.src];
+    const foundOption = existingOptions?.find((existing) => existing.id === option.id);
+
+    if (foundOption) {
+        return foundOption;
+    }
+
+    // Cache new option in keepOptions if not already present
+    if (!isInKeepOptions(keepKey, option)) {
+        keepOptions[keepKey] = {
+            label: `${option.hid || "Selected"}: ${option.name}`,
+            value: option,
+        };
+        keepOptionsUpdate.value++;
+    }
+
+    return option;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Normalize an array of uploaded options, preferring existing matches.
+ */
+function normalizeUploadedOptions(options: DataOption[]): DataOption[] {
+    return options.map(normalizeOption);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Update currentValue based on the current variant configuration.
+ * For multiple dataset fields, merges new options. Otherwise, selects the first option.
+ */
+function updateCurrentValue(options: DataOption[]): void {
+    const config = currentVariant.value;
+
+    if (config?.src === SOURCE.DATASET && config.multiple) {
+        // Merge new options into existing selection, avoiding duplicates
+        const merged = currentValue.value ? [...currentValue.value] : [];
+        for (const option of options) {
+            if (!containsDataOption(merged, option)) {
+                merged.push(option);
+            }
+        }
+        currentValue.value = merged;
+    } else {
+        // Single selection: use first option
+        currentValue.value = [options[0]!];
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Handle data options freshly uploaded through the upload dialog.
+ * Normalizes options against existing props and updates the current selection.
+ */
+function handleUploadedDataOptions(uploadedOptions: DataOption[]): void {
+    if (!uploadedOptions?.length) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const normalized = normalizeUploadedOptions(uploadedOptions);
+    updateCurrentValue(normalized);
+}
+
+function isUnavailableName(name: string | undefined): boolean {
+    return Boolean(name && name.toLowerCase().startsWith("(unavailable)"));
+}
+
+function shouldPreferCanonicalOption(canonical: DataOption, keep: DataOption): boolean {
+    return (isUnavailableName(keep.name) && !isUnavailableName(canonical.name)) || (!keep.hid && !!canonical.hid);
+}
+
 /**
  * Check if the new value is already in the keepOptions.
  * This doesn't only check if the value is already stored by the `keepKey`, but also if the new value
@@ -495,23 +594,35 @@ function isInKeepOptions(keepKey: string, newValue: DataOption): boolean {
 }
 
 /**
- * Open file dialog
+ * Callback handler for the data dialog.
+ * Routes responses to appropriate handlers based on their type.
+ *
+ * @param response - The response from the data dialog
+ */
+function onDataDialogResponse(response: DialogResponse): void {
+    // The data dialog's beta upload path returns DataOption[] directly
+    if (isDataOptionArray(response)) {
+        handleUploadedDataOptions(response);
+        return;
+    }
+    // Handle responses that require validation and transformation
+    handleIncoming(response, false);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Open file dialog for data selection or upload.
  */
 function onBrowse() {
     if (currentVariant.value) {
         const library = !!currentVariant.value.library;
         const multiple = !!currentVariant.value.multiple;
-        getGalaxyInstance().data.dialog(
-            (response: Record<string, unknown>) => {
-                handleIncoming(response, false);
-            },
-            {
-                allowUpload: true,
-                format: null,
-                library,
-                multiple,
-            },
-        );
+        const options = {
+            allowUpload: true,
+            format: null,
+            library,
+            multiple,
+        };
+        getGalaxyInstance().data.dialog(onDataDialogResponse, options);
     }
 }
 
@@ -716,6 +827,10 @@ function isHistoryOrCollectionItem(item: EventData): item is HistoryOrCollection
     return isHistoryItem(item) || isDCE(item);
 }
 
+function isDataOptionArray(value: unknown): value is DataOption[] {
+    return Array.isArray(value) && value.every((item) => isDataOption(item as object));
+}
+
 /**
  * Helper function to handle collection type changes safely
  */
@@ -792,7 +907,10 @@ function onDragLeave(evt: DragEvent) {
 
 function onDrop(e: DragEvent) {
     if (dragData.value.length) {
-        if (handleIncoming(dragData.value, dragData.value.length === 1)) {
+        // Filter to only valid history/collection items
+        const filteredItems = dragData.value.filter(isHistoryOrCollectionItem) as HistoryOrCollectionItem[];
+        const partial = filteredItems.length === 1;
+        if (handleIncoming(filteredItems, partial)) {
             currentHighlighting.value = "success";
             if (props.workflowRun) {
                 workflowTab.value = "view";
@@ -895,10 +1013,13 @@ const noOptionsWarningMessage = computed(() => {
                 :collection-types="props.collectionTypes"
                 :current-source="currentSource || undefined"
                 :is-populated="currentValue && currentValue.length > 0"
+                :extensions="props.extensions"
+                :multiple="Boolean(currentVariant?.multiple)"
                 show-field-options
                 :show-view-create-options="props.workflowRun && !usingSimpleSelect"
                 :workflow-tab.sync="workflowTab"
                 @create-collection-type="handleCollectionTypeChange"
+                @uploaded-data="handleUploadedDataOptions"
                 @on-browse="onBrowse"
                 @set-current-field="(value) => (currentField = value)" />
 
@@ -946,9 +1067,12 @@ const noOptionsWarningMessage = computed(() => {
                 :collection-types="props.collectionTypes"
                 :current-source="currentSource || undefined"
                 :is-populated="currentValue && currentValue.length > 0"
+                :extensions="props.extensions"
+                :multiple="Boolean(currentVariant?.multiple)"
                 show-view-create-options
                 :workflow-tab.sync="workflowTab"
-                @create-collection-type="handleCollectionTypeChange" />
+                @create-collection-type="handleCollectionTypeChange"
+                @uploaded-data="handleUploadedDataOptions" />
         </div>
 
         <FormDataExtensions
diff --git a/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormDataContextButtons.vue b/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormDataContextButtons.vue
index 74e89a70077..c31b5df52e4 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormDataContextButtons.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormDataContextButtons.vue
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 import { faFolder } from "@fortawesome/free-regular-svg-icons";
 import { faEye, faPlus, faSpinner, faTimes, faUpload } from "@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons";
 import { FontAwesomeIcon } from "@fortawesome/vue-fontawesome";
-import { BButton, BButtonGroup, BDropdown, BDropdownItem } from "bootstrap-vue";
+import { BBadge, BButton, BButtonGroup, BDropdown, BDropdownItem } from "bootstrap-vue";
 import { computed } from "vue";
 
 import type { CollectionType } from "@/api/datasetCollections";
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ import {
     COLLECTION_TYPE_TO_LABEL,
     type CollectionBuilderType,
 } from "@/components/Collections/common/buildCollectionModal";
+import type { DataOption } from "@/components/Form/Elements/FormData/types";
+import { useUploadMethodModal } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadMethodModal";
 import localize from "@/utils/localization";
 import { capitalizeFirstLetter } from "@/utils/strings";
 
@@ -29,6 +31,8 @@ const props = defineProps<{
     isPopulated?: boolean;
     showFieldOptions?: boolean;
     showViewCreateOptions?: boolean;
+    extensions?: string[];
+    multiple?: boolean;
 }>();
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
@@ -36,8 +40,11 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
     (e: "set-current-field", value: number): void;
     (e: "update:workflow-tab", value: string): void;
     (e: "create-collection-type", value: CollectionType): void;
+    (e: "uploaded-data", value: DataOption[]): void;
 }>();
 
+const { openUploadModal } = useUploadMethodModal();
+
 const createTitle = computed(() => {
     const defaultBuilderType = defaultCollectionBuilderType.value;
     return sourceIsCollection.value
@@ -49,6 +56,19 @@ function clickedTab(tab: string) {
     emit("update:workflow-tab", props.workflowTab === tab ? "" : tab);
 }
 
+async function onUploadBeta() {
+    const result = await openUploadModal({
+        formats: props.extensions,
+        multiple: props.multiple,
+        hideTips: true,
+    });
+
+    if (!result.cancelled) {
+        emit("uploaded-data", result.toDataOptions());
+        emit("update:workflow-tab", "view");
+    }
+}
+
 function createCollectionType(colType: CollectionBuilderType) {
     emit("create-collection-type", colType);
     emit("update:workflow-tab", "create");
@@ -157,16 +177,27 @@ const defaultCollectionBuilderType = computed<CollectionBuilderType>(() => {
             <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faPlus" />
             <span v-localize>Create</span>
         </BButton>
-        <BButton
-            v-else-if="props.showViewCreateOptions && !sourceIsCollection"
-            v-b-tooltip.bottom.hover.noninteractive
-            class="d-flex flex-gapx-1 align-items-center"
-            data-description="upload"
-            :title="createTitle"
-            :pressed="props.workflowTab === 'create'"
-            @click="clickedTab('create')">
-            <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faUpload" />
-            <span v-localize>Upload</span>
-        </BButton>
+        <template v-else-if="props.showViewCreateOptions && !sourceIsCollection">
+            <BButton
+                v-b-tooltip.bottom.hover.noninteractive
+                class="d-flex flex-gapx-1 align-items-center"
+                data-description="upload"
+                :title="createTitle"
+                :pressed="props.workflowTab === 'create'"
+                @click="clickedTab('create')">
+                <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faUpload" />
+                <span v-localize>Upload</span>
+            </BButton>
+            <BButton
+                v-b-tooltip.bottom.hover.noninteractive
+                class="d-flex flex-gapx-1 align-items-center"
+                data-description="upload-beta"
+                title="Try our new upload experience"
+                @click="onUploadBeta">
+                <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faUpload" />
+                <span v-localize>Upload</span>
+                <BBadge variant="warning" class="ml-1">Beta</BBadge>
+            </BButton>
+        </template>
     </BButtonGroup>
 </template>
diff --git a/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormDataWorkflowRunTabs.vue b/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormDataWorkflowRunTabs.vue
index 8baae21286f..71b8e99b875 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormDataWorkflowRunTabs.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Form/Elements/FormData/FormDataWorkflowRunTabs.vue
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ watch(
                 :has-callback="false"
                 :history-id="currentHistoryId"
                 :list-db-keys="listDbKeys"
+                :show-beta-upload="false"
                 disable-footer
                 emit-uploaded
                 size="small"
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadMethodModal.vue b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadMethodModal.vue
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..29780aa7718
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadMethodModal.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,315 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { faUpload } from "@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons";
+import { FontAwesomeIcon } from "@fortawesome/vue-fontawesome";
+import { storeToRefs } from "pinia";
+import { computed, ref, watch } from "vue";
+
+import { useTargetHistoryUploadState } from "@/composables/history/useTargetHistoryUploadState";
+import { useUploadSubmission } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadSubmission";
+import { useHistoryStore } from "@/stores/historyStore";
+import { errorMessageAsString } from "@/utils/simple-error";
+
+import type { UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "./types";
+import { useFilteredUploadMethods } from "./uploadMethodRegistry";
+import type { UploadedDataset, UploadModalConfig } from "./uploadModalTypes";
+
+import GButton from "@/components/BaseComponents/GButton.vue";
+import GModal from "@/components/BaseComponents/GModal.vue";
+import GTip from "@/components/BaseComponents/GTip.vue";
+import GCard from "@/components/Common/GCard.vue";
+import Heading from "@/components/Common/Heading.vue";
+
+interface UploadMethodModalProps {
+    config: UploadModalConfig;
+    show: boolean;
+    hideTips?: boolean;
+}
+
+interface UploadMethodModalEmits {
+    (e: "update:show", show: boolean): void;
+    (e: "uploaded", datasets: UploadedDataset[]): void;
+    (e: "cancelled"): void;
+}
+
+const props = defineProps<UploadMethodModalProps>();
+const emit = defineEmits<UploadMethodModalEmits>();
+
+const historyStore = useHistoryStore();
+const { currentHistoryId } = storeToRefs(historyStore);
+
+const { submitPreparedUpload } = useUploadSubmission();
+
+const modalConfig = computed<UploadModalConfig>(() => props.config ?? {});
+const availableMethods = useFilteredUploadMethods(modalConfig);
+const selectedMethod = ref<UploadMethodConfig | null>(null);
+const uploadMethodRef = ref<UploadMethodComponent | null>(null);
+const canUpload = ref(false);
+const uploading = ref(false);
+const uploadProgress = ref(0);
+const error = ref<string | null>(null);
+const completed = ref(false);
+const cancelled = ref(false);
+
+const effectiveHistoryId = computed(() => modalConfig.value.targetHistoryId ?? currentHistoryId.value ?? "");
+const targetHistoryName = computed(() => {
+    if (!effectiveHistoryId.value) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    const name = historyStore.getHistoryNameById(effectiveHistoryId.value);
+    return name === "..." ? null : name;
+});
+
+const title = computed(() => {
+    if (modalConfig.value.title) {
+        return modalConfig.value.title;
+    }
+    return modalConfig.value.multiple
+        ? "Upload datasets to current history"
+        : "Upload a single dataset to current history";
+});
+
+const { uploadBlockReason } = useTargetHistoryUploadState(effectiveHistoryId);
+
+const canStartUpload = computed(() => {
+    return Boolean(selectedMethod.value) && !uploading.value && canUpload.value && !uploadBlockReason.value;
+});
+
+const startButtonTitle = computed(() => {
+    if (uploadBlockReason.value) {
+        return uploadBlockReason.value;
+    }
+    if (!canUpload.value) {
+        return "Configure upload options first";
+    }
+    return "Start upload";
+});
+
+watch(
+    () => availableMethods.value,
+    (methods) => {
+        if (!methods.length) {
+            selectedMethod.value = null;
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!selectedMethod.value || !methods.some((method) => method.id === selectedMethod.value?.id)) {
+            selectedMethod.value = methods[0] ?? null;
+        }
+    },
+    { immediate: true },
+);
+
+watch(
+    () => props.show,
+    (newShow) => {
+        if (newShow) {
+            completed.value = false;
+            cancelled.value = false;
+            uploading.value = false;
+            uploadProgress.value = 0;
+            error.value = null;
+            uploadMethodRef.value?.reset?.();
+        }
+    },
+);
+
+function selectMethod(method: UploadMethodConfig) {
+    selectedMethod.value = method;
+    canUpload.value = false;
+    error.value = null;
+}
+
+function handleReadyStateChange(ready: boolean) {
+    canUpload.value = ready;
+}
+
+function closeModal() {
+    emit("update:show", false);
+}
+
+function handleShowUpdate(value: boolean) {
+    emit("update:show", value);
+}
+
+function handleCancelClick() {
+    if (uploading.value) {
+        return;
+    }
+    cancelled.value = true;
+    emit("cancelled");
+    closeModal();
+}
+
+function handleModalClosed() {
+    if (!completed.value && !cancelled.value) {
+        emit("cancelled");
+    }
+}
+
+async function handleStartClick() {
+    if (!canStartUpload.value) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (!effectiveHistoryId.value) {
+        error.value = "No target history is available for upload.";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (!selectedMethod.value) {
+        error.value = "Select an upload method first.";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const prepared = uploadMethodRef.value?.prepareUpload();
+    if (!prepared) {
+        error.value = "This upload method did not return any upload items.";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    uploadProgress.value = 0;
+    uploading.value = true;
+    error.value = null;
+
+    try {
+        const datasets = await submitPreparedUpload(effectiveHistoryId.value, prepared, (pct) => {
+            uploadProgress.value = pct;
+        });
+        completed.value = true;
+        emit("uploaded", datasets);
+        closeModal();
+    } catch (uploadError) {
+        error.value = errorMessageAsString(uploadError);
+    } finally {
+        uploading.value = false;
+    }
+}
+</script>
+
+<template>
+    <GModal :show="show" size="large" fixed-height footer @update:show="handleShowUpdate" @cancel="handleModalClosed">
+        <template v-slot:header>
+            <Heading h2 separator size="lg" class="g-modal-title mb-0">
+                <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faUpload" />
+                {{ title }}
+                <template v-if="targetHistoryName">
+                    — <strong>{{ targetHistoryName }}</strong>
+                </template>
+            </Heading>
+        </template>
+        <div class="upload-method-modal h-100 d-flex flex-column">
+            <div class="upload-method-modal-content d-flex flex-grow-1 overflow-hidden">
+                <aside class="methods-pane pr-2">
+                    <div class="methods-scroll pr-1">
+                        <GCard
+                            v-for="method in availableMethods"
+                            :key="method.id"
+                            clickable
+                            container-class="mt-1 mb-1"
+                            :title="method.name"
+                            title-size="text"
+                            :description="method.description"
+                            :title-icon="{ icon: method.icon, class: 'text-primary', size: 'lg' }"
+                            :selected="selectedMethod?.id === method.id"
+                            @click="selectMethod(method)" />
+                    </div>
+                </aside>
+
+                <section class="method-pane d-flex flex-column overflow-hidden">
+                    <GTip
+                        v-if="selectedMethod?.tips && !hideTips"
+                        :tips="selectedMethod.tips"
+                        variant="info"
+                        class="mb-2" />
+                    <div v-if="error" class="alert alert-danger py-1 px-2 mb-2">
+                        {{ error }}
+                    </div>
+                    <div v-if="uploading" class="mb-2">
+                        <div class="d-flex justify-content-between small text-muted mb-1">
+                            <span>Uploading</span>
+                            <span>{{ Math.round(uploadProgress) }}%</span>
+                        </div>
+                        <div class="upload-progress-track">
+                            <div class="upload-progress-fill" :style="{ width: `${uploadProgress}%` }"></div>
+                        </div>
+                    </div>
+                    <div class="method-content overflow-auto">
+                        <component
+                            :is="selectedMethod?.component"
+                            v-if="selectedMethod"
+                            ref="uploadMethodRef"
+                            :method="selectedMethod"
+                            :target-history-id="effectiveHistoryId"
+                            :allow-collections="config.allowCollections"
+                            :formats="config.formats"
+                            :multiple="config.multiple"
+                            :transient="true"
+                            @ready="handleReadyStateChange" />
+                    </div>
+                </section>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <template v-slot:footer>
+            <div class="d-flex justify-content-end gap-2 w-100">
+                <GButton outline color="grey" :disabled="uploading" @click="handleCancelClick">Cancel</GButton>
+                <GButton
+                    color="blue"
+                    :disabled="!canStartUpload"
+                    :title="startButtonTitle"
+                    data-test-id="upload-method-modal-start"
+                    @click="handleStartClick">
+                    Start
+                </GButton>
+            </div>
+        </template>
+    </GModal>
+</template>
+
+<style scoped lang="scss">
+@import "@/style/scss/theme/blue.scss";
+
+.upload-method-modal-content {
+    min-height: 0;
+}
+
+.methods-pane {
+    width: 320px;
+    border-right: $border-default;
+}
+
+.methods-scroll {
+    max-height: 100%;
+    overflow: auto;
+}
+
+.method-pane {
+    min-width: 0;
+    flex: 1;
+    padding-left: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.method-content {
+    min-height: 0;
+    flex: 1;
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+}
+
+.upload-progress-track {
+    width: 100%;
+    height: 0.45rem;
+    border-radius: 999px;
+    background: $gray-200;
+    overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+.upload-progress-fill {
+    height: 100%;
+    background: $brand-primary;
+    transition: width 0.2s ease;
+}
+
+.gap-2 {
+    gap: 0.5rem;
+}
+</style>
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadMethodView.vue b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadMethodView.vue
index fcf73bc8705..f5e907d5ba6 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadMethodView.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadMethodView.vue
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { computed, ref, watch } from "vue";
 import { useRouter } from "vue-router/composables";
 
 import { useTargetHistoryUploadState } from "@/composables/history/useTargetHistoryUploadState";
+import { useUploadSubmission } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadSubmission";
 import { useHistoryStore } from "@/stores/historyStore";
 
 import type { UploadMethod, UploadMethodComponent } from "./types";
@@ -25,6 +26,8 @@ const router = useRouter();
 const uploadMethodRef = ref<UploadMethodComponent | null>(null);
 const canUpload = ref(false);
 
+const { submitPreparedUpload } = useUploadSubmission();
+
 const historyStore = useHistoryStore();
 const { currentHistoryId } = storeToRefs(historyStore);
 
@@ -75,7 +78,13 @@ function handleStart() {
     if (!canStartUpload.value) {
         return;
     }
-    uploadMethodRef.value?.startUpload();
+    const prepared = uploadMethodRef.value?.prepareUpload();
+    if (!prepared) {
+        return;
+    }
+    // Fire-and-forget: progress is tracked in uploadState, visible in the progress view
+    void submitPreparedUpload(targetHistoryId.value, prepared);
+    uploadMethodRef.value?.reset?.();
     router.push("/upload/progress");
 }
 
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadProgress.vue b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadProgress.vue
index ec72067996c..efa2bd08ff5 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadProgress.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/UploadProgress.vue
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, nextTick, onMounted, ref, watch } from "vue";
 
-import { useUploadQueue } from "@/composables/uploadQueue";
+import { useUploadBatchOperations } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadBatchOperations";
 import { useUserLocalStorage } from "@/composables/userLocalStorage";
 
 import { getUploadRootBreadcrumb } from "./uploadBreadcrumb";
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import UploadFileRow from "./UploadFileRow.vue";
 import GButton from "@/components/BaseComponents/GButton.vue";
 import BreadcrumbHeading from "@/components/Common/BreadcrumbHeading.vue";
 
-const uploadQueue = useUploadQueue();
+const uploadBatchOperations = useUploadBatchOperations();
 const uploadState = useUploadState();
 const { orderedUploadItems, batchesWithProgress, standaloneUploads, activeItems, hasCompleted } = uploadState;
 
@@ -43,17 +43,17 @@ function toggleBatch(batchId: string) {
 }
 
 function onClearCompleted() {
-    uploadQueue.clearCompleted();
+    uploadBatchOperations.clearCompleted();
     cleanupExpandedBatches();
 }
 
 function onClearAll() {
-    uploadQueue.clearAll();
+    uploadBatchOperations.clearAll();
     cleanupExpandedBatches();
 }
 
 async function retryBatch(batchId: string) {
-    await uploadQueue.retryCollectionCreation(batchId);
+    await uploadBatchOperations.retryCollectionCreation(batchId);
 }
 
 const uploadItemCount = computed(() => {
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/CompositeFileUpload.vue b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/CompositeFileUpload.vue
index 25e2070583d..1009ceddfb1 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/CompositeFileUpload.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/CompositeFileUpload.vue
@@ -6,10 +6,15 @@ import { computed, ref, watch } from "vue";
 import { useUploadDefaults } from "@/composables/upload/uploadDefaults";
 import { useUploadStaging } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadStaging";
 import type { ExtensionDetails } from "@/composables/uploadConfigurations";
-import { useUploadQueue } from "@/composables/uploadQueue";
+import {
+    buildPreparedUploadWithOptions,
+    createFileUploadItem,
+    createPastedUploadItem,
+    createUrlUploadItem,
+} from "@/utils/upload";
 import { mapToCompositeFileUpload } from "@/utils/upload/itemMappers";
 
-import type { UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
+import type { PreparedUpload, UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
 import type { CompositeFileItem, CompositeSlot } from "../types/uploadItem";
 
 import UploadTableDbKeyCell from "../shared/UploadTableDbKeyCell.vue";
@@ -30,7 +35,6 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
     (e: "ready", ready: boolean): void;
 }>();
 
-const uploadQueue = useUploadQueue();
 const { compositeExtensions, listDbKeys, configurationsReady, defaultDbKey } = useUploadDefaults();
 
 const compositeItems = ref<CompositeFileItem[]>([]);
@@ -146,20 +150,68 @@ function clearAll() {
     clearStaging();
 }
 
-function startUpload() {
+function prepareUpload(): PreparedUpload | null {
     const item = currentItem.value;
     if (!item) {
-        return;
+        return null;
     }
 
-    const queueItem = mapToCompositeFileUpload(item, props.targetHistoryId);
-    uploadQueue.enqueue([queueItem]);
+    const uploadItem = mapToCompositeFileUpload(item, props.targetHistoryId);
+    const baseOptions = {
+        dbkey: uploadItem.dbkey,
+        ext: uploadItem.extension,
+        space_to_tab: uploadItem.spaceToTab,
+        to_posix_lines: uploadItem.toPosixLines,
+        deferred: false,
+    };
 
+    const apiItems = uploadItem.slots
+        .filter((slot) => slot.src !== "files" || !!slot.file)
+        .map((slot) => {
+            const slotOptions = {
+                name: slot.slotName,
+                ...baseOptions,
+            };
+
+            if (slot.src === "files") {
+                return createFileUploadItem(slot.file!, uploadItem.targetHistoryId, {
+                    ...slotOptions,
+                    size: slot.fileSize ?? slot.file!.size,
+                });
+            }
+
+            if (slot.src === "url") {
+                return createUrlUploadItem(slot.url ?? "", uploadItem.targetHistoryId, {
+                    ...slotOptions,
+                    size: slot.fileSize ?? 0,
+                });
+            }
+
+            return createPastedUploadItem(slot.content ?? "", uploadItem.targetHistoryId, {
+                ...slotOptions,
+                size: slot.fileSize ?? (slot.content ?? "").length,
+            });
+        });
+
+    if (apiItems.length === 0) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    return buildPreparedUploadWithOptions([uploadItem], undefined, {
+        apiItems,
+        uploadOptions: {
+            composite: true,
+            compositeName: uploadItem.name,
+        },
+    });
+}
+
+function reset() {
     compositeItems.value = [];
     clearStaging();
 }
 
-defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
+defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ prepareUpload, reset });
 </script>
 
 <template>
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/DataLibraryUpload.vue b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/DataLibraryUpload.vue
index 23ea26ed8b6..0662849b36c 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/DataLibraryUpload.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/DataLibraryUpload.vue
@@ -15,17 +15,18 @@ import { getFolderContents, getLibraries, isLibraryFile } from "@/api/libraries"
 import type { BreadcrumbItem } from "@/components/Common";
 import type { TableField } from "@/components/Common/GTable.types";
 import { Model } from "@/components/FilesDialog/model";
+import { selectionToArray } from "@/components/FilesDialog/utilities";
 import type { SelectionItem } from "@/components/SelectionDialog/selectionTypes";
 import { useCollectionCreation } from "@/composables/upload/collectionCreation";
 import { useUploadReadyState } from "@/composables/upload/uploadReadyState";
 import { useUploadStaging } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadStaging";
-import { useUploadQueue } from "@/composables/uploadQueue";
 import { useUrlTracker } from "@/composables/urlTracker";
 import { errorMessageAsString } from "@/utils/simple-error";
+import { buildPreparedUpload } from "@/utils/upload";
 import { mapToLibraryDatasetUpload } from "@/utils/upload/itemMappers";
 import { bytesToString } from "@/utils/utils";
 
-import type { UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
+import type { PreparedUpload, UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
 import type { LibraryDatasetItem } from "../types/uploadItem";
 
 import CollectionCreationConfig from "../CollectionCreationConfig.vue";
@@ -37,23 +38,34 @@ import UtcDate from "@/components/UtcDate.vue";
 
 interface Props {
     method: UploadMethodConfig;
+    /** History ID where uploaded datasets will be added. */
     targetHistoryId: string;
+    /** Allow creating dataset collections from selected library datasets. */
+    allowCollections?: boolean;
+    /** When false, restrict selection to a single dataset. */
+    multiple?: boolean;
+    /** When true, do not persist staging to the shared store (modal use). */
+    transient?: boolean;
 }
 
-const props = defineProps<Props>();
+const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
+    allowCollections: true,
+    multiple: true,
+    transient: false,
+});
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
     (e: "ready", ready: boolean): void;
 }>();
 
-const uploadQueue = useUploadQueue();
-
 const tableContainerRef = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null);
 const collectionConfigComponent = ref<InstanceType<typeof CollectionCreationConfig> | null>(null);
 const libraryDatasetItems = ref<LibraryDatasetItem[]>([]);
-const { clear: clearStaging } = useUploadStaging<LibraryDatasetItem>(props.method.id, libraryDatasetItems);
+const { clear: clearStaging } = useUploadStaging<LibraryDatasetItem>(props.method.id, libraryDatasetItems, {
+    disableStore: props.transient,
+});
 
-const { collectionState, handleCollectionStateChange, buildCollectionConfig, resetCollection } =
+const { buildCollectionConfig, collectionState, handleCollectionStateChange, resetCollection } =
     useCollectionCreation(collectionConfigComponent);
 
 let nextId = 1;
@@ -106,7 +118,8 @@ function createLibraryDatasetItem(item: AnyLibraryFolderItem, libraryId: string,
 
 const showBrowser = ref(true);
 
-const selectionModel = ref<Model>(new Model({ multiple: true }));
+const isSingleMode = computed(() => props.multiple === false);
+const selectionModel = ref<Model>(new Model({ multiple: !isSingleMode.value }));
 const selectionCount = ref(0);
 
 // Navigation state
@@ -174,6 +187,10 @@ const hasPagination = computed(() => {
 
 const hasItems = computed(() => libraryDatasetItems.value.length > 0);
 const hasSelection = computed(() => selectionCount.value > 0);
+const addMoreDatasetsTitle = computed(() =>
+    isSingleMode.value ? "Change selected dataset" : "Add more datasets to the upload list",
+);
+const addMoreDatasetsLabel = computed(() => (isSingleMode.value ? "Change selected dataset" : "Add More Datasets"));
 
 const searchTitle = computed(() => {
     if (!currentLibrary.value) {
@@ -420,7 +437,12 @@ async function navigateToBreadcrumb(index: number) {
 }
 
 function addSelectedDatasets() {
-    const selectedItems = selectionModel.value.finalize() as SelectionItem[];
+    let selectedItems = selectionToArray(selectionModel.value.finalize());
+
+    if (isSingleMode.value) {
+        selectedItems = selectedItems.slice(0, 1);
+        libraryDatasetItems.value = [];
+    }
 
     // Filter out any items that already exist in libraryDatasetItems
     const existingUrls = new Set(libraryDatasetItems.value.map((item) => item.url));
@@ -435,7 +457,7 @@ function addSelectedDatasets() {
     }
 
     // Clear selection and switch to table view
-    selectionModel.value = new Model({ multiple: true });
+    selectionModel.value = new Model({ multiple: !isSingleMode.value });
     selectionCount.value = 0;
     showBrowser.value = false;
     scrollToBottom();
@@ -460,18 +482,24 @@ function scrollToBottom() {
 
 function removeItem(id: number) {
     libraryDatasetItems.value = libraryDatasetItems.value.filter((item) => item.id !== id);
+
+    if (libraryDatasetItems.value.length === 0) {
+        showBrowser.value = true;
+        resetCollection();
+    }
 }
 
-function clearAll() {
+function reset() {
     libraryDatasetItems.value = [];
     resetCollection();
-    selectionModel.value = new Model({ multiple: true });
+    selectionModel.value = new Model({ multiple: !isSingleMode.value });
     selectionCount.value = 0;
     searchQuery.value = "";
     urlTracker.reset();
     currentPage.value = 1;
     loadLibraries();
     showBrowser.value = true;
+    clearStaging();
 }
 
 function clearSearch() {
@@ -482,21 +510,14 @@ function updateSearchQuery(newQuery: string) {
     searchQuery.value = newQuery;
 }
 
-function startUpload() {
+function prepareUpload(): PreparedUpload | null {
+    if (libraryDatasetItems.value.length === 0) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
     const uploads = libraryDatasetItems.value.map((item) => mapToLibraryDatasetUpload(item, props.targetHistoryId));
-    const collectionConfig = buildCollectionConfig(props.targetHistoryId);
 
-    uploadQueue.enqueue(uploads, collectionConfig);
-
-    // Reset state
-    libraryDatasetItems.value = [];
-    clearStaging();
-    showBrowser.value = true;
-    resetCollection();
-    selectionModel.value = new Model({ multiple: true });
-    selectionCount.value = 0;
-    clearSearch();
-    urlTracker.reset();
+    return buildPreparedUpload(uploads, buildCollectionConfig(props.targetHistoryId));
 }
 
 const libraryFields: TableField[] = [
@@ -694,7 +715,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
     }
 });
 
-defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
+defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ prepareUpload, reset });
 </script>
 
 <template>
@@ -771,7 +792,7 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
                     @row-click="onBrowserRowClick">
                     <template v-slot:head(select)>
                         <BFormCheckbox
-                            v-if="datasetsOnCurrentPage.length > 0"
+                            v-if="props.multiple !== false && datasetsOnCurrentPage.length > 0"
                             :checked="allDatasetsSelected"
                             :indeterminate="someDatasetsSelected"
                             @change="toggleSelectAll" />
@@ -888,6 +909,7 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
 
             <!-- Collection Creation Section -->
             <CollectionCreationConfig
+                v-if="props.allowCollections !== false"
                 ref="collectionConfigComponent"
                 :files="libraryDatasetItems"
                 @update:state="handleCollectionStateChange" />
@@ -897,10 +919,10 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
                     color="grey"
                     tooltip
                     tooltip-placement="top"
-                    title="Add more datasets to the upload list"
+                    :title="addMoreDatasetsTitle"
                     @click="showFolderBrowser">
                     <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faPlus" class="mr-1" />
-                    Add More Datasets
+                    {{ addMoreDatasetsLabel }}
                 </GButton>
                 <GButton
                     outline
@@ -908,7 +930,7 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
                     tooltip
                     tooltip-placement="top"
                     title="Remove all datasets from the upload list"
-                    @click="clearAll">
+                    @click="reset">
                     Clear All
                 </GButton>
             </div>
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/LocalFileUpload.vue b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/LocalFileUpload.vue
index e4670a9b409..631cf86a892 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/LocalFileUpload.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/LocalFileUpload.vue
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ import { useUploadDefaults } from "@/composables/upload/uploadDefaults";
 import { useUploadItemValidation } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemValidation";
 import { useUploadReadyState } from "@/composables/upload/uploadReadyState";
 import { useUploadStaging } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadStaging";
-import { useUploadQueue } from "@/composables/uploadQueue";
+import { buildPreparedUpload } from "@/utils/upload";
 import { mapToLocalFileUpload } from "@/utils/upload/itemMappers";
 import { bytesToString } from "@/utils/utils";
 
-import type { UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
+import type { PreparedUpload, UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
 import type { LocalFileItem } from "../types/uploadItem";
 
 import CollectionCreationConfig from "../CollectionCreationConfig.vue";
@@ -32,10 +32,24 @@ import GTable from "@/components/Common/GTable.vue";
 
 interface Props {
     method: UploadMethodConfig;
+    /** History ID where uploaded datasets will be added. */
     targetHistoryId: string;
+    /** Allow creating dataset collections from selected files. */
+    allowCollections?: boolean;
+    /** Optional list of allowed formats to constrain selectable extensions. */
+    formats?: string[];
+    /** When false, restrict selection to a single file. */
+    multiple?: boolean;
+    /** When true, do not persist staging to the shared store (modal use). */
+    transient?: boolean;
 }
 
-const props = defineProps<Props>();
+const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
+    allowCollections: true,
+    formats: undefined,
+    multiple: true,
+    transient: false,
+});
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
     (e: "ready", ready: boolean): void;
@@ -43,20 +57,21 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 
 const { advancedMode } = useUploadAdvancedMode();
 
-const uploadQueue = useUploadQueue();
-
-const { effectiveExtensions, listDbKeys, configurationsReady, createItemDefaults } = useUploadDefaults();
+const { effectiveExtensions, listDbKeys, configurationsReady, createItemDefaults } = useUploadDefaults(props.formats);
 
 const selectedFiles = ref<LocalFileItem[]>([]);
-const { clear: clearStaging } = useUploadStaging<LocalFileItem>(props.method.id, selectedFiles);
+const { clear: clearStaging } = useUploadStaging<LocalFileItem>(props.method.id, selectedFiles, {
+    disableStore: props.transient,
+});
 const uploadFile = ref<HTMLInputElement | null>(null);
 const dropZoneElement = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null);
 const collectionConfigComponent = ref<InstanceType<typeof CollectionCreationConfig> | null>(null);
 
-const { collectionState, handleCollectionStateChange, buildCollectionConfig, resetCollection } =
+const { buildCollectionConfig, collectionState, handleCollectionStateChange, resetCollection } =
     useCollectionCreation(collectionConfigComponent);
 
 const hasFiles = computed(() => selectedFiles.value.length > 0);
+const canAddMoreFiles = computed(() => props.multiple !== false || selectedFiles.value.length === 0);
 const totalSize = computed(() => {
     const bytes = selectedFiles.value.reduce((sum, item) => sum + item.file.size, 0);
     return bytesToString(bytes);
@@ -141,7 +156,14 @@ function addFiles(files: FileList | File[] | null) {
     const fileArray = Array.from(files);
     const defaults = createItemDefaults();
 
-    for (const file of fileArray) {
+    // Enforce single file limit if multiple is false
+    const filesToAdd = props.multiple === false ? fileArray.slice(0, 1) : fileArray;
+
+    for (const file of filesToAdd) {
+        // If multiple is false, replace existing files
+        if (props.multiple === false) {
+            selectedFiles.value = [];
+        }
         selectedFiles.value.push({
             file,
             name: file.name,
@@ -166,22 +188,22 @@ function handleBrowse() {
     uploadFile.value?.click();
 }
 
-function clearAll() {
+function reset() {
     selectedFiles.value = [];
     resetCollection();
-}
-
-function startUpload() {
-    const uploads = selectedFiles.value.map((item) => mapToLocalFileUpload(item, props.targetHistoryId));
-    const collectionConfig = buildCollectionConfig(props.targetHistoryId);
-
-    uploadQueue.enqueue(uploads, collectionConfig);
-    selectedFiles.value = [];
     clearStaging();
-    resetCollection();
 }
 
-defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
+function prepareUpload(): PreparedUpload | null {
+    if (selectedFiles.value.length === 0) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    const uploads = selectedFiles.value.map((item) => mapToLocalFileUpload(item, props.targetHistoryId));
+    return buildPreparedUpload(uploads, buildCollectionConfig(props.targetHistoryId));
+}
+
+defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ prepareUpload, reset });
 </script>
 
 <template>
@@ -300,6 +322,7 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
 
                 <!-- Collection Creation Section -->
                 <CollectionCreationConfig
+                    v-if="props.allowCollections !== false"
                     ref="collectionConfigComponent"
                     :files="selectedFiles"
                     @update:state="handleCollectionStateChange" />
@@ -309,7 +332,12 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
                         color="grey"
                         tooltip
                         tooltip-placement="top"
-                        title="Browse and add more files to the upload list"
+                        :disabled="!canAddMoreFiles"
+                        :title="
+                            canAddMoreFiles
+                                ? 'Browse and add more files to the upload list'
+                                : 'Only one file can be selected'
+                        "
                         @click="handleBrowse">
                         <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faLaptop" class="mr-1" />
                         Add More Files
@@ -320,7 +348,7 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
                         tooltip
                         tooltip-placement="top"
                         title="Remove all files from the upload list"
-                        @click="clearAll">
+                        @click="reset">
                         Clear All
                     </GButton>
                 </div>
@@ -340,7 +368,7 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
                 id="local-file-input"
                 ref="uploadFile"
                 type="file"
-                multiple
+                :multiple="props.multiple !== false"
                 class="d-none"
                 @change="addFileFromInput($event.target)" />
         </div>
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/PasteContentUpload.vue b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/PasteContentUpload.vue
index d7d2e0ccce0..7b6ab2536d5 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/PasteContentUpload.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/PasteContentUpload.vue
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ import { useUploadDefaults } from "@/composables/upload/uploadDefaults";
 import { useUploadItemValidation } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemValidation";
 import { useUploadReadyState } from "@/composables/upload/uploadReadyState";
 import { useUploadStaging } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadStaging";
-import { useUploadQueue } from "@/composables/uploadQueue";
+import { buildPreparedUpload } from "@/utils/upload";
 import { mapToPasteContentUpload } from "@/utils/upload/itemMappers";
 import { bytesToString } from "@/utils/utils";
 
-import type { UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
+import type { PreparedUpload, UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
 import type { PasteContentItem } from "../types/uploadItem";
 
 import CollectionCreationConfig from "../CollectionCreationConfig.vue";
@@ -31,10 +31,24 @@ import GTable from "@/components/Common/GTable.vue";
 
 interface Props {
     method: UploadMethodConfig;
+    /** History ID where uploaded datasets will be added. */
     targetHistoryId: string;
+    /** Allow creating dataset collections from pasted datasets. */
+    allowCollections?: boolean;
+    /** Optional list of allowed formats to constrain selectable extensions. */
+    formats?: string[];
+    /** When false, restrict to a single pasted dataset. */
+    multiple?: boolean;
+    /** When true, do not persist staging to the shared store (modal use). */
+    transient?: boolean;
 }
 
-const props = defineProps<Props>();
+const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
+    allowCollections: true,
+    formats: undefined,
+    multiple: true,
+    transient: false,
+});
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
     (e: "ready", ready: boolean): void;
@@ -42,14 +56,12 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 
 const { advancedMode } = useUploadAdvancedMode();
 
-const uploadQueue = useUploadQueue();
-
-const { effectiveExtensions, listDbKeys, configurationsReady, createItemDefaults } = useUploadDefaults();
+const { effectiveExtensions, listDbKeys, configurationsReady, createItemDefaults } = useUploadDefaults(props.formats);
 
 const tableContainerRef = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null);
 const collectionConfigComponent = ref<InstanceType<typeof CollectionCreationConfig> | null>(null);
 
-const { collectionState, handleCollectionStateChange, buildCollectionConfig, resetCollection } =
+const { buildCollectionConfig, collectionState, handleCollectionStateChange, resetCollection } =
     useCollectionCreation(collectionConfigComponent);
 
 let nextId = 1;
@@ -66,7 +78,11 @@ function createPasteContentItem(id: number, name: string): PasteContentItem {
 const pasteItems = ref<PasteContentItem[]>([createPasteContentItem(nextId++, "Pasted Dataset 1")]);
 const expandedItemIds = ref<Set<number>>(new Set());
 const rowToggleMap = ref<Map<number, () => void>>(new Map());
-const { clear: clearStaging } = useUploadStaging<PasteContentItem>(props.method.id, pasteItems);
+const { clear: clearStaging } = useUploadStaging<PasteContentItem>(props.method.id, pasteItems, {
+    disableStore: props.transient,
+});
+
+const isSingleMode = computed(() => props.multiple === false);
 
 const hasItems = computed(() => pasteItems.value.some((item) => item.content.trim().length > 0));
 
@@ -111,6 +127,16 @@ function removeItem(id: number) {
     expandedItemIds.value = nextExpanded;
 }
 
+function reset() {
+    clearStaging();
+    // Reset to single empty item
+    const newItemId = nextId++;
+    rowToggleMap.value = new Map();
+    expandedItemIds.value = new Set();
+    pasteItems.value = [createPasteContentItem(newItemId, "Pasted Dataset 1")];
+    resetCollection();
+}
+
 function getItemSize(content: string) {
     return bytesToString(new Blob([content]).size);
 }
@@ -252,28 +278,17 @@ onMounted(() => {
     });
 });
 
-function startUpload() {
+function prepareUpload(): PreparedUpload | null {
     const validItems = pasteItems.value.filter((item) => item.content.trim().length > 0);
     if (validItems.length === 0) {
-        return;
+        return null;
     }
 
     const uploads = validItems.map((item) => mapToPasteContentUpload(item, props.targetHistoryId));
-    const collectionConfig = buildCollectionConfig(props.targetHistoryId);
-
-    uploadQueue.enqueue(uploads, collectionConfig);
-
-    // Reset to single empty item
-    const newItemId = nextId++;
-    pasteItems.value = [createPasteContentItem(newItemId, "Pasted Dataset 1")];
-    rowToggleMap.value = new Map();
-    expandedItemIds.value = new Set();
-    nextTick(() => expandRow(newItemId));
-    clearStaging();
-    resetCollection();
+    return buildPreparedUpload(uploads, buildCollectionConfig(props.targetHistoryId));
 }
 
-defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
+defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ prepareUpload, reset });
 </script>
 
 <template>
@@ -454,12 +469,14 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
 
             <!-- Collection Creation Section -->
             <CollectionCreationConfig
+                v-if="props.allowCollections !== false"
                 ref="collectionConfigComponent"
                 :files="pasteItems"
                 @update:state="handleCollectionStateChange" />
 
             <div class="paste-list-actions mt-2">
                 <GButton
+                    v-if="!isSingleMode"
                     color="grey"
                     tooltip
                     tooltip-placement="top"
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/PasteLinksUpload.vue b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/PasteLinksUpload.vue
index 7d3b247c67c..9befa386b60 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/PasteLinksUpload.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/PasteLinksUpload.vue
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ import { useUploadDefaults } from "@/composables/upload/uploadDefaults";
 import { useUploadItemValidation } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemValidation";
 import { useUploadReadyState } from "@/composables/upload/uploadReadyState";
 import { useUploadStaging } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadStaging";
-import { useUploadQueue } from "@/composables/uploadQueue";
+import { buildPreparedUpload } from "@/utils/upload";
 import { mapToPasteUrlUpload } from "@/utils/upload/itemMappers";
 import { extractNameFromUrl, isValidUrl, validateUrl } from "@/utils/url";
 
-import type { UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
+import type { PreparedUpload, UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
 import type { PasteUrlItem } from "../types/uploadItem";
 
 import CollectionCreationConfig from "../CollectionCreationConfig.vue";
@@ -32,10 +32,24 @@ import GTable from "@/components/Common/GTable.vue";
 
 interface Props {
     method: UploadMethodConfig;
+    /** History ID where uploaded datasets will be added. */
     targetHistoryId: string;
+    /** Allow creating dataset collections from pasted URLs. */
+    allowCollections?: boolean;
+    /** Optional list of allowed formats to constrain selectable extensions. */
+    formats?: string[];
+    /** When false, restrict to a single URL entry. */
+    multiple?: boolean;
+    /** When true, do not persist staging to the shared store (modal use). */
+    transient?: boolean;
 }
 
-const props = defineProps<Props>();
+const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
+    allowCollections: true,
+    formats: undefined,
+    multiple: true,
+    transient: false,
+});
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
     (e: "ready", ready: boolean): void;
@@ -43,14 +57,12 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 
 const { advancedMode } = useUploadAdvancedMode();
 
-const uploadQueue = useUploadQueue();
-
-const { effectiveExtensions, listDbKeys, configurationsReady, createItemDefaults } = useUploadDefaults();
+const { effectiveExtensions, listDbKeys, configurationsReady, createItemDefaults } = useUploadDefaults(props.formats);
 
 const tableContainerRef = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null);
 const collectionConfigComponent = ref<InstanceType<typeof CollectionCreationConfig> | null>(null);
 
-const { collectionState, handleCollectionStateChange, buildCollectionConfig, resetCollection } =
+const { buildCollectionConfig, collectionState, handleCollectionStateChange, resetCollection } =
     useCollectionCreation(collectionConfigComponent);
 
 let nextId = 1;
@@ -68,11 +80,18 @@ function createPasteUrlItem(id: number, url: string, name: string): PasteUrlItem
 const urlItems = ref<PasteUrlItem[]>([]);
 const urlText = ref("");
 const showInputArea = ref(true);
-const { clear: clearStaging } = useUploadStaging<PasteUrlItem>(props.method.id, urlItems);
+const { clear: clearStaging } = useUploadStaging<PasteUrlItem>(props.method.id, urlItems, {
+    disableStore: props.transient,
+});
 
 const placeholder = "https://example.org/data1.txt\nhttps://example.org/data2.txt";
 
 const hasItems = computed(() => urlItems.value.length > 0);
+const isSingleMode = computed(() => props.multiple === false);
+const addMoreUrlsTitle = computed(() =>
+    isSingleMode.value ? "Change selected URL" : "Add more URLs to the upload list",
+);
+const addMoreUrlsLabel = computed(() => (isSingleMode.value ? "Change selected URL" : "Add More URLs"));
 
 const { isNameValid, restoreOriginalName } = useUploadItemValidation();
 
@@ -103,7 +122,14 @@ function addUrlsFromText() {
         .map((u) => u.trim())
         .filter((u) => u.length > 0);
 
-    for (const url of urls) {
+    // Enforce single URL when multiple is false
+    const urlsToAdd = isSingleMode.value ? urls.slice(0, 1) : urls;
+
+    if (isSingleMode.value) {
+        urlItems.value = [];
+    }
+
+    for (const url of urlsToAdd) {
         urlItems.value.push(createPasteUrlItem(nextId++, url, extractNameFromUrl(url)));
     }
 
@@ -131,6 +157,11 @@ function scrollToBottom() {
 
 function removeItem(id: number) {
     urlItems.value = urlItems.value.filter((item) => item.id !== id);
+
+    if (urlItems.value.length === 0) {
+        showInputArea.value = true;
+        resetCollection();
+    }
 }
 
 const tableFields: TableField[] = [
@@ -176,33 +207,25 @@ const tableFields: TableField[] = [
     },
 ];
 
-function clearAll() {
+function reset() {
     urlItems.value = [];
     urlText.value = "";
+    clearStaging();
     showInputArea.value = true;
     resetCollection();
 }
 
-function startUpload() {
+function prepareUpload(): PreparedUpload | null {
     const validItems = urlItems.value.filter((item) => item.url.trim().length > 0);
     if (validItems.length === 0) {
-        return;
+        return null;
     }
 
     const uploads = validItems.map((item) => mapToPasteUrlUpload(item, props.targetHistoryId));
-    const collectionConfig = buildCollectionConfig(props.targetHistoryId);
-
-    uploadQueue.enqueue(uploads, collectionConfig);
-
-    // Reset state
-    urlItems.value = [];
-    clearStaging();
-    urlText.value = "";
-    showInputArea.value = true;
-    resetCollection();
+    return buildPreparedUpload(uploads, buildCollectionConfig(props.targetHistoryId));
 }
 
-defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
+defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ prepareUpload, reset });
 </script>
 
 <template>
@@ -347,19 +370,15 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
 
             <!-- Collection Creation Section -->
             <CollectionCreationConfig
+                v-if="props.allowCollections !== false"
                 ref="collectionConfigComponent"
                 :files="urlItems"
                 @update:state="handleCollectionStateChange" />
 
             <div class="url-list-actions mt-2">
-                <GButton
-                    color="grey"
-                    tooltip
-                    tooltip-placement="top"
-                    title="Add more URLs to the upload list"
-                    @click="showUrlInput">
+                <GButton color="grey" tooltip tooltip-placement="top" :title="addMoreUrlsTitle" @click="showUrlInput">
                     <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faPlus" class="mr-1" />
-                    Add More URLs
+                    {{ addMoreUrlsLabel }}
                 </GButton>
                 <GButton
                     outline
@@ -367,7 +386,7 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
                     tooltip
                     tooltip-placement="top"
                     title="Remove all URLs from the upload list"
-                    @click="clearAll">
+                    @click="reset">
                     Clear All
                 </GButton>
             </div>
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/RemoteFilesUpload.vue b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/RemoteFilesUpload.vue
index 03fec89884f..c06f058178b 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/RemoteFilesUpload.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/methods/RemoteFilesUpload.vue
@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { faPlus, faTimes } from "@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons";
+import { faFolder, faGlobe, faPlus, faTimes, faUser } from "@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons";
 import { FontAwesomeIcon } from "@fortawesome/vue-fontawesome";
-import { BFormInput } from "bootstrap-vue";
-import { computed, nextTick, ref, watch } from "vue";
+import { BAlert, BFormCheckbox, BFormInput, BPagination } from "bootstrap-vue";
+import { computed, nextTick, onMounted, ref, watch } from "vue";
+import { useRouter } from "vue-router/composables";
 
-import type { RemoteEntry } from "@/api/remoteFiles";
+import { browseRemoteFiles, fetchFileSources, type RemoteEntry } from "@/api/remoteFiles";
+import type { BreadcrumbItem } from "@/components/Common";
 import type { TableField } from "@/components/Common/GTable.types";
+import { Model } from "@/components/FilesDialog/model";
+import { fileSourcePluginToItem, selectionToArray } from "@/components/FilesDialog/utilities";
 import type { SelectionItem } from "@/components/SelectionDialog/selectionTypes";
+import { useFileSources } from "@/composables/fileSources";
 import { useBulkUploadOperations } from "@/composables/upload/bulkUploadOperations";
 import { useCollectionCreation } from "@/composables/upload/collectionCreation";
 import { useUploadAdvancedMode } from "@/composables/upload/uploadAdvancedMode";
@@ -14,14 +19,18 @@ import { useUploadDefaults } from "@/composables/upload/uploadDefaults";
 import { useUploadItemValidation } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemValidation";
 import { useUploadReadyState } from "@/composables/upload/uploadReadyState";
 import { useUploadStaging } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadStaging";
-import { useUploadQueue } from "@/composables/uploadQueue";
+import { useUrlTracker } from "@/composables/urlTracker";
+import { errorMessageAsString } from "@/utils/simple-error";
+import { buildPreparedUpload } from "@/utils/upload";
 import { mapToRemoteFileUpload } from "@/utils/upload/itemMappers";
+import { USER_FILE_PREFIX } from "@/utils/url";
 import { bytesToString } from "@/utils/utils";
 
-import type { UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
+import type { PreparedUpload, UploadMethodComponent, UploadMethodConfig } from "../types";
 import type { RemoteFileItem } from "../types/uploadItem";
 
 import CollectionCreationConfig from "../CollectionCreationConfig.vue";
+import RemoteEntryMetadata from "../shared/RemoteEntryMetadata.vue";
 import UploadTableBulkDbKeyHeader from "../shared/UploadTableBulkDbKeyHeader.vue";
 import UploadTableBulkExtensionHeader from "../shared/UploadTableBulkExtensionHeader.vue";
 import UploadTableDbKeyCell from "../shared/UploadTableDbKeyCell.vue";
@@ -30,15 +39,30 @@ import UploadTableNameCell from "../shared/UploadTableNameCell.vue";
 import UploadTableOptionsCell from "../shared/UploadTableOptionsCell.vue";
 import UploadTableOptionsHeader from "../shared/UploadTableOptionsHeader.vue";
 import GButton from "@/components/BaseComponents/GButton.vue";
+import BreadcrumbNavigation from "@/components/Common/BreadcrumbNavigation.vue";
 import GTable from "@/components/Common/GTable.vue";
-import RemoteFileBrowserContent from "@/components/FileBrowser/RemoteFileBrowserContent.vue";
+import DataDialogSearch from "@/components/SelectionDialog/DataDialogSearch.vue";
 
 interface Props {
     method: UploadMethodConfig;
+    /** History ID where uploaded datasets will be added. */
     targetHistoryId: string;
+    /** Allow creating dataset collections from selected remote files. */
+    allowCollections?: boolean;
+    /** Optional list of allowed formats to constrain selectable extensions. */
+    formats?: string[];
+    /** When false, restrict selection to a single remote file. */
+    multiple?: boolean;
+    /** When true, do not persist staging to the shared store (modal use). */
+    transient?: boolean;
 }
 
-const props = defineProps<Props>();
+const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
+    allowCollections: true,
+    formats: undefined,
+    multiple: true,
+    transient: false,
+});
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
     (e: "ready", ready: boolean): void;
@@ -46,16 +70,19 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 
 const { advancedMode } = useUploadAdvancedMode();
 
-const uploadQueue = useUploadQueue();
+const router = useRouter();
+const filesSources = useFileSources();
 
-const { effectiveExtensions, listDbKeys, configurationsReady, createItemDefaults } = useUploadDefaults();
+const { effectiveExtensions, listDbKeys, configurationsReady, createItemDefaults } = useUploadDefaults(props.formats);
 
 const tableContainerRef = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null);
 const collectionConfigComponent = ref<InstanceType<typeof CollectionCreationConfig> | null>(null);
 const remoteFileItems = ref<RemoteFileItem[]>([]);
-const { clear: clearStaging } = useUploadStaging<RemoteFileItem>(props.method.id, remoteFileItems);
+const { clear: clearStaging } = useUploadStaging<RemoteFileItem>(props.method.id, remoteFileItems, {
+    disableStore: props.transient,
+});
 
-const { collectionState, handleCollectionStateChange, buildCollectionConfig, resetCollection } =
+const { buildCollectionConfig, collectionState, handleCollectionStateChange, resetCollection } =
     useCollectionCreation(collectionConfigComponent);
 
 let nextId = 1;
@@ -75,10 +102,86 @@ function createRemoteFileItem(id: number, selectionItem: SelectionItem): RemoteF
     };
 }
 
-const browserRef = ref<InstanceType<typeof RemoteFileBrowserContent> | null>(null);
+const isSingleMode = computed(() => props.multiple === false);
+
 const showBrowser = ref(true);
 
+const selectionModel = ref<Model>(new Model({ multiple: !isSingleMode.value }));
+const selectionCount = ref(0);
+const urlTracker = useUrlTracker<SelectionItem>();
+const browserItems = ref<SelectionItem[]>([]);
+const allFetchedItems = ref<SelectionItem[]>([]); // Store all items for client-side pagination
+const searchQuery = ref("");
+const isBusy = ref(false);
+const errorMessage = ref<string>();
+const currentPage = ref(1);
+const perPage = ref(25);
+const totalMatches = ref(0);
+
+/**
+ * Sequence id to track latest load request. Incremented on each navigation/load.
+ */
+const loadSequenceId = ref(0);
+
+async function executeIfLatest<T>(
+    operation: () => Promise<T>,
+    onSuccess: (data: T) => void,
+    onError?: (error: unknown) => void,
+): Promise<void> {
+    const seq = loadSequenceId.value;
+    isBusy.value = true;
+    errorMessage.value = undefined;
+
+    try {
+        const result = await operation();
+        // Ignore if a newer load started while we were fetching
+        if (seq === loadSequenceId.value) {
+            onSuccess(result);
+        }
+    } catch (error) {
+        if (seq === loadSequenceId.value) {
+            if (onError) {
+                onError(error);
+            } else {
+                errorMessage.value = errorMessageAsString(error);
+            }
+        }
+    } finally {
+        if (seq === loadSequenceId.value) {
+            isBusy.value = false;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+const currentFileSourceUri = computed(() => urlTracker.current.value?.url);
+
+const supportsServerPagination = computed(() => filesSources.supportsPagination(currentFileSourceUri.value));
+
+const supportsServerSearch = computed(() => filesSources.supportsSearch(currentFileSourceUri.value));
+
+const hasPagination = computed(() => {
+    if (urlTracker.isAtRoot.value || isBusy.value) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const itemCount = supportsServerPagination.value ? totalMatches.value : allFetchedItems.value.length;
+    return itemCount > perPage.value;
+});
+
 const hasItems = computed(() => remoteFileItems.value.length > 0);
+const hasSelection = computed(() => selectionCount.value > 0);
+
+const addMoreFilesTitle = computed(() =>
+    isSingleMode.value ? "Change selected file" : "Add more remote files to the upload list",
+);
+const addMoreFilesLabel = computed(() => (isSingleMode.value ? "Change selected file" : "Add More Files"));
+
+const breadcrumbs = computed(() => {
+    const crumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [{ title: "Sources", index: -1 }];
+    urlTracker.navigationHistory.value.forEach((item, index) => {
+        crumbs.push({ title: item.label, index });
+    });
+    return crumbs;
+});
 
 const { isNameValid, restoreOriginalName } = useUploadItemValidation();
 
@@ -88,18 +191,231 @@ const { isReadyToUpload } = useUploadReadyState(hasItems, collectionState);
 
 watch(isReadyToUpload, (ready) => emit("ready", ready), { immediate: true });
 
-/**
- * Called when the user confirms a file selection in the browser.
- * Adds newly selected files to the upload list (deduplicating by URL) and switches to the list view.
- */
-function onFilesConfirmed(items: SelectionItem[]) {
-    const existingUrls = new Set(remoteFileItems.value.map((item) => item.url));
-    const newItems = items.filter((item) => !existingUrls.has(item.url));
+const filesOnCurrentPage = computed(() => browserItems.value.filter((item) => item.isLeaf));
 
+const allFilesSelected = computed(() => {
+    selectionCount.value;
+    const files = filesOnCurrentPage.value;
+    return files.length > 0 && files.every((file) => isSelected(file));
+});
+
+const someFilesSelected = computed(() => {
+    selectionCount.value;
+    const files = filesOnCurrentPage.value;
+    const selectedCount = files.filter((file) => isSelected(file)).length;
+    return selectedCount > 0 && selectedCount < files.length;
+});
+
+function toggleSelectAll() {
+    const files = filesOnCurrentPage.value;
+    const allSelected = files.every((file) => isSelected(file));
+
+    files.forEach((file) => {
+        const needsToggle = allSelected ? isSelected(file) : !isSelected(file);
+        if (needsToggle) {
+            selectionModel.value.add(file);
+        }
+    });
+    selectionCount.value = selectionModel.value.count();
+}
+
+function entryToSelectionItem(entry: RemoteEntry): SelectionItem {
+    return {
+        id: entry.uri,
+        label: entry.name,
+        url: entry.uri,
+        isLeaf: entry.class === "File",
+        details: "No details available",
+        entry: entry,
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Comparator for sorting file sources.
+ * User-created sources come first, then alphabetical by label.
+ */
+function sortFileSources(a: SelectionItem, b: SelectionItem): number {
+    const aIsUser = a.url.startsWith(USER_FILE_PREFIX);
+    const bIsUser = b.url.startsWith(USER_FILE_PREFIX);
+
+    if (aIsUser && !bIsUser) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (!aIsUser && bIsUser) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return a.label.localeCompare(b.label);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Apply client-side search filter to items
+ */
+function filterItemsBySearch(items: SelectionItem[]): SelectionItem[] {
+    if (!searchQuery.value) {
+        return items;
+    }
+    const query = searchQuery.value.toLowerCase();
+    return items.filter((item) => item.label.toLowerCase().includes(query));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Apply client-side pagination to items
+ */
+function paginateItems(items: SelectionItem[]): SelectionItem[] {
+    const start = (currentPage.value - 1) * perPage.value;
+    const end = start + perPage.value;
+    return items.slice(start, end);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Update browser items with client-side filtering and pagination
+ */
+function updateClientSideView() {
+    const filteredItems = filterItemsBySearch(allFetchedItems.value);
+    browserItems.value = paginateItems(filteredItems);
+    totalMatches.value = filteredItems.length;
+}
+
+async function loadFileSources() {
+    await executeIfLatest(
+        () => fetchFileSources(),
+        (sources) => {
+            let items = sources.map(fileSourcePluginToItem);
+            items = items.sort(sortFileSources);
+
+            // Apply search filter if present
+            if (searchQuery.value) {
+                const query = searchQuery.value.toLowerCase();
+                items = items.filter((item) => item.label.toLowerCase().includes(query));
+            }
+
+            browserItems.value = items;
+        },
+    );
+}
+
+async function loadDirectory(uri: string) {
+    const hasServerPagination = supportsServerPagination.value;
+    const hasServerSearch = supportsServerSearch.value;
+
+    // Only pass pagination/search params if the file source supports them
+    const limit = hasServerPagination ? perPage.value : undefined;
+    const offset = hasServerPagination ? (currentPage.value - 1) * perPage.value : undefined;
+    const query = hasServerSearch ? searchQuery.value || undefined : undefined;
+
+    await executeIfLatest(
+        () => browseRemoteFiles(uri, false, false, limit, offset, query),
+        (result) => {
+            const allEntries = result.entries.map(entryToSelectionItem);
+
+            if (hasServerPagination) {
+                // Server handles pagination and search
+                browserItems.value = allEntries;
+                totalMatches.value = result.totalMatches;
+            } else {
+                // Client-side filtering and pagination
+                allFetchedItems.value = allEntries;
+                updateClientSideView();
+            }
+        },
+        (error) => {
+            browserItems.value = [];
+            allFetchedItems.value = [];
+            totalMatches.value = 0;
+            errorMessage.value = errorMessageAsString(error);
+        },
+    );
+}
+
+async function load() {
+    // Bump sequence id so any in-flight requests are considered stale
+    loadSequenceId.value += 1;
+    if (urlTracker.isAtRoot.value) {
+        allFetchedItems.value = [];
+        await loadFileSources();
+    } else if (urlTracker.current.value) {
+        await loadDirectory(urlTracker.current.value.url);
+    }
+}
+
+function onItemClick(item: SelectionItem) {
+    // Don't allow navigation or selection while loading or if there's an error
+    if (isBusy.value || errorMessage.value) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (!item.isLeaf) {
+        // Navigate into directory
+        open(item);
+    } else {
+        // Toggle file selection
+        selectionModel.value.add(item);
+        selectionCount.value = selectionModel.value.count();
+    }
+}
+
+function onRowClick(event: { item: SelectionItem }) {
+    onItemClick(event.item);
+}
+
+function open(item: SelectionItem) {
+    urlTracker.forward(item);
+    currentPage.value = 1;
+    clearSearch();
+    load();
+}
+
+function navigateToBreadcrumb(index: number) {
+    // Navigate to a specific breadcrumb by resetting navigation to that point
+    if (index === -1) {
+        // Navigate to root
+        urlTracker.reset();
+    } else {
+        // Navigate to specific index in history
+        const targetDepth = index + 1;
+        const currentDepth = urlTracker.navigationHistory.value.length;
+        const stepsBack = currentDepth - targetDepth;
+
+        for (let i = 0; i < stepsBack; i++) {
+            urlTracker.backward();
+        }
+    }
+    currentPage.value = 1;
+    clearSearch();
+    load();
+}
+
+function toggleFileSelection(item: SelectionItem) {
+    if (item.isLeaf) {
+        selectionModel.value.add(item);
+        selectionCount.value = selectionModel.value.count();
+    }
+}
+
+function isSelected(item: SelectionItem): boolean {
+    return selectionModel.value.exists(item.id);
+}
+
+function addSelectedFiles() {
+    let selectedItems = selectionToArray(selectionModel.value.finalize());
+
+    if (isSingleMode.value) {
+        selectedItems = selectedItems.slice(0, 1);
+        remoteFileItems.value = [];
+    }
+
+    // Filter out any items that already exist in remoteFileItems
+    const existingUrls = new Set(remoteFileItems.value.map((item) => item.url));
+    const newItems = selectedItems.filter((item) => !existingUrls.has(item.url));
+
+    // Add new items
     for (const item of newItems) {
         remoteFileItems.value.push(createRemoteFileItem(nextId++, item));
     }
 
+    // Clear selection and switch to table view
+    selectionModel.value = new Model({ multiple: !isSingleMode.value });
+    selectionCount.value = 0;
     showBrowser.value = false;
     scrollToBottom();
 }
@@ -123,8 +439,46 @@ function scrollToBottom() {
 
 function removeItem(id: number) {
     remoteFileItems.value = remoteFileItems.value.filter((item) => item.id !== id);
+
+    if (remoteFileItems.value.length === 0) {
+        showBrowser.value = true;
+        resetCollection();
+    }
 }
 
+function createNewFileSource() {
+    router.push("/file_source_instances/create");
+}
+
+// Browser table fields
+const browserFields: TableField[] = [
+    {
+        key: "select",
+        label: "",
+        width: "40px",
+        align: "center",
+    },
+    {
+        key: "user",
+        label: "",
+        sortable: false,
+        width: "35px",
+        align: "center",
+    },
+    {
+        key: "name",
+        label: "Name",
+        sortable: false,
+        align: "center",
+    },
+    {
+        key: "details",
+        label: "Details",
+        sortable: false,
+        align: "left",
+    },
+];
+
 // File list table fields
 const tableFields: TableField[] = [
     {
@@ -179,44 +533,226 @@ const tableFields: TableField[] = [
     },
 ];
 
-function clearAll() {
+function reset() {
     remoteFileItems.value = [];
     resetCollection();
-    browserRef.value?.reset();
+    selectionModel.value = new Model({ multiple: !isSingleMode.value });
+    selectionCount.value = 0;
+    allFetchedItems.value = [];
+    clearSearch();
+    urlTracker.reset();
+    currentPage.value = 1;
+    load();
     showBrowser.value = true;
-}
-
-function startUpload() {
-    const uploads = remoteFileItems.value.map((item) => mapToRemoteFileUpload(item, props.targetHistoryId));
-    const collectionConfig = buildCollectionConfig(props.targetHistoryId);
-
-    uploadQueue.enqueue(uploads, collectionConfig);
-
-    remoteFileItems.value = [];
     clearStaging();
-    resetCollection();
-    browserRef.value?.reset();
-    showBrowser.value = true;
 }
 
-defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
+function clearSearch() {
+    searchQuery.value = "";
+}
+
+function updateSearchQuery(newQuery: string) {
+    searchQuery.value = newQuery;
+}
+
+function prepareUpload(): PreparedUpload | null {
+    if (remoteFileItems.value.length === 0) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    const uploads = remoteFileItems.value.map((item) => mapToRemoteFileUpload(item, props.targetHistoryId));
+    return buildPreparedUpload(uploads, buildCollectionConfig(props.targetHistoryId));
+}
+
+onMounted(() => {
+    load();
+});
+
+watch(searchQuery, () => {
+    currentPage.value = 1;
+    if (urlTracker.isAtRoot.value || supportsServerSearch.value) {
+        load();
+    } else if (allFetchedItems.value.length > 0) {
+        updateClientSideView();
+    }
+});
+
+watch(currentPage, () => {
+    if (urlTracker.isAtRoot.value) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (supportsServerPagination.value) {
+        load();
+    } else if (allFetchedItems.value.length > 0) {
+        updateClientSideView();
+    }
+});
+
+function onErrorRetry() {
+    errorMessage.value = undefined;
+    currentPage.value = 1;
+    allFetchedItems.value = [];
+    clearSearch();
+
+    load();
+}
+
+function getItemEntry(item: SelectionItem): RemoteEntry {
+    return item.entry as RemoteEntry;
+}
+
+defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ prepareUpload, reset });
 </script>
 
 <template>
     <div class="remote-files-upload">
         <!-- File Browser Phase -->
         <div v-if="showBrowser" class="file-browser">
-            <div v-if="hasItems" class="browser-staged-notice mb-2">
-                <GButton size="small" color="grey" outline @click="showFileList">
-                    View {{ remoteFileItems.length }} staged file(s)
+            <!-- Navigation breadcrumb -->
+            <div class="browser-header mb-2">
+                <BreadcrumbNavigation
+                    v-if="!urlTracker.isAtRoot.value"
+                    :items="breadcrumbs"
+                    @navigate="navigateToBreadcrumb" />
+                <div v-else>
+                    <span class="font-weight-bold">Browse a File Source below</span> or
+                    <GButton color="grey" size="small" @click="createNewFileSource">
+                        <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faPlus" class="mr-1" />
+                        Connect New Remote Source
+                    </GButton>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <!-- Search bar -->
+            <div class="search-bar-container mb-2">
+                <DataDialogSearch
+                    :value="searchQuery"
+                    :title="urlTracker.isAtRoot.value ? 'file sources' : 'files and folders'"
+                    @input="updateSearchQuery" />
+            </div>
+
+            <!-- Error message -->
+            <BAlert v-if="errorMessage" variant="danger" show dismissible @dismissed="errorMessage = undefined">
+                <div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
+                    <span>{{ errorMessage }}</span>
+                    <GButton color="red" class="ml-2" @click="onErrorRetry"> Retry </GButton>
+                </div>
+            </BAlert>
+
+            <!-- Browser table -->
+            <div class="browser-table-container">
+                <GTable
+                    v-if="!errorMessage && (browserItems.length > 0 || isBusy)"
+                    :items="browserItems"
+                    :fields="browserFields"
+                    :overlay-loading="isBusy"
+                    hover
+                    striped
+                    clickable-rows
+                    compact
+                    fixed
+                    class="browser-table"
+                    @row-click="onRowClick">
+                    <!-- Select column header (select all) -->
+                    <template v-slot:head(select)>
+                        <BFormCheckbox
+                            v-if="
+                                props.multiple !== false && !urlTracker.isAtRoot.value && filesOnCurrentPage.length > 0
+                            "
+                            :checked="allFilesSelected"
+                            :indeterminate="someFilesSelected"
+                            @change="toggleSelectAll"
+                            @click.stop />
+                    </template>
+
+                    <!-- Select column (only for files) -->
+                    <template v-slot:cell(select)="{ item }">
+                        <BFormCheckbox
+                            v-if="item.isLeaf"
+                            :checked="isSelected(item)"
+                            @change="toggleFileSelection(item)"
+                            @click.stop />
+                    </template>
+
+                    <!-- Icon column (for highlighting user-created file sources) -->
+                    <template v-slot:cell(user)="{ item }">
+                        <span
+                            v-if="urlTracker.isAtRoot.value && !item.isLeaf && item.url.startsWith(USER_FILE_PREFIX)"
+                            v-b-tooltip.hover.noninteractive
+                            title="You created this file source">
+                            <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faUser" class="text-primary" fixed-width />
+                        </span>
+                        <span
+                            v-else-if="urlTracker.isAtRoot.value && !item.isLeaf"
+                            v-b-tooltip.hover.noninteractive
+                            title="This file source was created by an administrator and is globally available">
+                            <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faGlobe" class="text-primary" fixed-width />
+                        </span>
+                    </template>
+
+                    <!-- Name column with icons -->
+                    <template v-slot:cell(name)="{ item }">
+                        <div class="d-flex align-items-center" :class="{ 'cursor-pointer': !item.isLeaf }">
+                            <FontAwesomeIcon
+                                v-if="!item.isLeaf"
+                                :icon="faFolder"
+                                class="mr-2 text-warning"
+                                fixed-width />
+                            <span>{{ item.label }}</span>
+                        </div>
+                    </template>
+
+                    <!-- Details column -->
+                    <template v-slot:cell(details)="{ item }">
+                        <RemoteEntryMetadata v-if="item.isLeaf && getItemEntry(item)" :entry="getItemEntry(item)" />
+                        <span v-else-if="urlTracker.isAtRoot && item.details">
+                            {{ item.details }}
+                        </span>
+                    </template>
+
+                    <!-- Loading slot -->
+                </GTable>
+
+                <!-- Empty state message when no items are available -->
+                <div v-else-if="!errorMessage && !isBusy" class="text-center text-muted my-5">
+                    <p v-if="searchQuery" class="lead">
+                        No {{ urlTracker.isAtRoot.value ? "file sources" : "files or folders" }} match your search "{{
+                            searchQuery
+                        }}"
+                    </p>
+                    <p v-else-if="urlTracker.isAtRoot.value" class="lead">
+                        No file sources available. Connect a new remote source to get started.
+                    </p>
+                    <p v-else class="lead">This directory is empty.</p>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <!-- Pagination -->
+            <div v-if="hasPagination" class="mt-2">
+                <BPagination
+                    v-model="currentPage"
+                    :total-rows="totalMatches"
+                    :per-page="perPage"
+                    align="center"
+                    size="sm" />
+            </div>
+
+            <!-- Action buttons -->
+            <div class="browser-actions mt-3">
+                <GButton v-if="hasItems && !hasSelection" color="grey" outline @click="showFileList">
+                    View Selected Files ({{ remoteFileItems.length }})
+                </GButton>
+                <GButton
+                    v-if="!urlTracker.isAtRoot.value"
+                    color="blue"
+                    :disabled="!hasSelection"
+                    class="ml-auto"
+                    @click="addSelectedFiles">
+                    <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faPlus" class="mr-1" />
+                    Add Selected Files ({{ selectionCount }})
                 </GButton>
             </div>
-            <RemoteFileBrowserContent
-                ref="browserRef"
-                :multiple="true"
-                mode="file"
-                ok-text="Add Selected Files"
-                @confirm="onFilesConfirmed" />
         </div>
 
         <!-- File List Phase -->
@@ -318,22 +854,20 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
 
                     <!-- Actions column -->
                     <template v-slot:cell(actions)="{ item }">
-                        <GButton
+                        <button
                             v-b-tooltip.hover.noninteractive
-                            class="remove-btn"
-                            color="red"
-                            outline
-                            transparent
+                            class="btn btn-link text-danger remove-btn"
                             title="Remove file from list"
                             @click="removeItem(item.id)">
                             <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faTimes" />
-                        </GButton>
+                        </button>
                     </template>
                 </GTable>
             </div>
 
             <!-- Collection Creation Section -->
             <CollectionCreationConfig
+                v-if="props.allowCollections !== false"
                 ref="collectionConfigComponent"
                 :files="remoteFileItems"
                 @update:state="handleCollectionStateChange" />
@@ -343,10 +877,10 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
                     color="grey"
                     tooltip
                     tooltip-placement="top"
-                    title="Add more remote files to the upload list"
+                    :title="addMoreFilesTitle"
                     @click="showFileBrowser">
                     <FontAwesomeIcon :icon="faPlus" class="mr-1" />
-                    Add More Files
+                    {{ addMoreFilesLabel }}
                 </GButton>
                 <GButton
                     outline
@@ -354,7 +888,7 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
                     tooltip
                     tooltip-placement="top"
                     title="Remove all files from the upload list"
-                    @click="clearAll">
+                    @click="reset">
                     Clear All
                 </GButton>
             </div>
@@ -379,11 +913,43 @@ defineExpose<UploadMethodComponent>({ startUpload });
     flex-direction: column;
     overflow: hidden;
     min-height: 0;
+}
 
-    .browser-staged-notice {
-        flex-shrink: 0;
+.browser-header {
+    flex-shrink: 0;
+    @include upload-list-header;
+}
+
+.search-bar-container {
+    flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+
+.browser-table-container {
+    flex: 1;
+    overflow: auto;
+    min-height: 0;
+
+    :deep(.browser-table thead) {
+        @include upload-table-header;
+    }
+
+    :deep(tbody tr) {
+        cursor: pointer;
+
+        &:hover {
+            background-color: rgba($brand-primary, 0.05);
+        }
     }
 }
+
+.browser-actions {
+    flex-shrink: 0;
+    display: flex;
+    gap: 0.5rem;
+    padding-top: 1rem;
+    border-top: 1px solid $border-color;
+}
+
 .file-list {
     width: 100%;
     height: 100%;
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/types.ts b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/types.ts
index 50894b3e383..743b8308036 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/types.ts
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/types.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 import type { IconDefinition } from "@fortawesome/fontawesome-svg-core";
 
+import type { UploadCollectionConfig } from "@/composables/upload/collectionTypes";
+import type { NewUploadItem } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
+import type { ApiUploadItem } from "@/utils/upload";
+
 export type UploadMethod =
     | "local-file"
     | "paste-content"
@@ -100,6 +104,38 @@ export interface UploadMethodConfig {
     tips?: string[];
 }
 
+/**
+ * Upload data prepared by an upload method component, ready for API submission.
+ * Returned by `UploadMethodComponent.prepareUpload()` and consumed by `useUploadSubmission`.
+ */
+export interface PreparedUpload {
+    /** Items formatted for the Galaxy upload API. */
+    apiItems: ApiUploadItem[];
+    /** Optional dataset collection configuration for atomic collection creation. */
+    collectionConfig?: UploadCollectionConfig;
+    /** Items used for progress tracking in the upload state store. */
+    uploadItems?: NewUploadItem[];
+    /** Optional upload behavior flags forwarded to uploadDatasets. */
+    uploadOptions?: {
+        /** Treat multiple API items as one composite dataset. */
+        composite?: boolean;
+        /** Display name for the composite dataset. */
+        compositeName?: string;
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Interface that upload method components must implement to be used in the upload panel.
+ */
 export interface UploadMethodComponent {
-    startUpload: () => void;
+    /**
+     * Returns prepared upload data for API submission, or null when there is
+     * nothing to upload (e.g. no files selected or no content entered).
+     */
+    prepareUpload: () => PreparedUpload | null;
+    /**
+     * Clears transient UI state without remounting the component.
+     * Called by the modal when it reopens so stale input is not carried over.
+     */
+    reset?: () => void;
 }
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadMethodRegistry.ts b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadMethodRegistry.ts
index 74eb23910c1..a557c109a3b 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadMethodRegistry.ts
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadMethodRegistry.ts
@@ -11,11 +11,13 @@ import {
     faSitemap,
     faTable,
 } from "@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons";
-import { computed, type ComputedRef, defineAsyncComponent } from "vue";
+import { computed, type ComputedRef, defineAsyncComponent, type Ref } from "vue";
 
+import { useConfig } from "@/composables/config";
 import { useUploadAdvancedMode } from "@/composables/upload/uploadAdvancedMode";
 
 import type { UploadMethod, UploadMethodConfig } from "./types";
+import type { UploadModalConfig } from "./uploadModalTypes";
 
 export const uploadMethodRegistry: Record<UploadMethod, UploadMethodConfig> = {
     "local-file": {
@@ -203,3 +205,27 @@ export function useAllUploadMethods(): ComputedRef<UploadMethodConfig[]> {
         Object.values(uploadMethodRegistry).filter((method) => !method.requiresAdvancedMode || advancedMode.value),
     );
 }
+
+/**
+ * Reactive list of upload methods filtered by modal config and Galaxy config requirements.
+ */
+export function useFilteredUploadMethods(config: Ref<UploadModalConfig>): ComputedRef<UploadMethodConfig[]> {
+    const allMethods = useAllUploadMethods();
+    const { config: galaxyConfig, isConfigLoaded } = useConfig();
+
+    return computed(() => {
+        const allowedMethods = config.value.allowedMethods;
+
+        return allMethods.value.filter((method) => {
+            if (allowedMethods && !allowedMethods.some((allowedMethod) => allowedMethod === method.id)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            if (!isConfigLoaded.value || !method.requiresConfig) {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            return method.requiresConfig.every((configKey) => Boolean(galaxyConfig.value[configKey]));
+        });
+    });
+}
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadModalTypes.ts b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadModalTypes.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c3f7052689
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadModalTypes.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import type { DataOption } from "@/components/Form/Elements/FormData/types";
+import type { UploadedDataset } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
+
+import type { UploadMethod } from "./types";
+
+export type { UploadedDataset } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
+
+/**
+ * Subset of UploadMethod that directly creates new datasets in the history.
+ * These are the basic upload methods available in the upload modal.
+ */
+export type DatasetUploadMethod = Extract<
+    UploadMethod,
+    "local-file" | "paste-content" | "paste-links" | "remote-files" | "data-library"
+>;
+
+/**
+ * Configuration options for the upload modal.
+ */
+export interface UploadModalConfig {
+    /** List of upload methods that users can select from. */
+    allowedMethods?: DatasetUploadMethod[];
+    /** Whether to allow creating dataset collections. */
+    allowCollections?: boolean;
+    /** Allowed file format extensions. */
+    formats?: string[];
+    /** Whether multiple files can be uploaded at once. */
+    multiple?: boolean;
+    /** Target history ID where datasets will be uploaded. */
+    targetHistoryId?: string;
+    /** Custom title for the upload modal. */
+    title?: string;
+    /** Whether to hide user tips/help text. */
+    hideTips?: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Result returned when the upload modal is closed.
+ */
+export interface UploadModalResult {
+    /** List of datasets that were uploaded. */
+    datasets: UploadedDataset[];
+    /** Whether the user cancelled the upload operation. */
+    cancelled: boolean;
+    /** Function to convert uploaded datasets to form data options. */
+    toDataOptions: () => DataOption[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Promise resolvers for handling the upload modal result.
+ */
+export interface UploadModalResolvers {
+    /** Resolve the promise with the upload result. */
+    resolve: (result: UploadModalResult) => void;
+    /** Reject the promise if the upload fails. */
+    reject: (reason?: unknown) => void;
+}
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState.test.ts b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState.test.ts
index b74fe159190..6651e67fcf0 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState.test.ts
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { suppressExpectedErrorMessages } from "@tests/vitest/helpers";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
+import type { UploadCollectionConfig } from "@/composables/upload/collectionTypes";
 import type { NewUploadItem } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
-import type { CollectionConfig } from "@/composables/uploadQueue";
 
 import { useUploadState } from "./uploadState";
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ function makePastedItem(name = "file.txt", content = "hello world"): NewUploadIt
     };
 }
 
-const BATCH_CONFIG: CollectionConfig = {
+const BATCH_CONFIG: UploadCollectionConfig = {
     name: "My Collection",
     type: "list",
     hideSourceItems: false,
diff --git a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState.ts b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState.ts
index 0b5a15e2435..5f5200c22ee 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState.ts
+++ b/client/src/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState.ts
@@ -46,6 +46,15 @@ export interface UploadFileListItem extends UploadListItemBase {
 /** Union of all upload list UI items */
 export type UploadListItem = UploadBatchListItem | UploadFileListItem;
 
+/**
+ * Subset of the upload state API used by upload tracking utilities.
+ * Provides only the functions needed for tracking and managing upload progress.
+ */
+export type UploadStateTrackingApi = Pick<
+    ReturnType<typeof useUploadState>,
+    "addBatch" | "addUploadItem" | "getBatch" | "setStatus" | "updateProgress" | "setError"
+>;
+
 /** Collection batch state tracking */
 export interface CollectionBatchState {
     /** Unique batch identifier */
diff --git a/client/src/components/Upload/DefaultBox.vue b/client/src/components/Upload/DefaultBox.vue
index e57b13941ec..ce145e52d80 100644
--- a/client/src/components/Upload/DefaultBox.vue
+++ b/client/src/components/Upload/DefaultBox.vue
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ interface Props {
     disableFooter?: boolean;
     emitUploaded?: boolean;
     size?: ComponentSize;
+    showBetaUpload?: boolean;
 }
 
 const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
     lazyLoad: 150,
     size: "medium",
     isCollection: false,
+    showBetaUpload: true,
 });
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
@@ -495,6 +497,7 @@ defineExpose({
             }">
             <div class="d-flex">
                 <GButton
+                    v-if="props.showBetaUpload"
                     id="btn-beta-upload"
                     size="small"
                     title="Try our new upload experience"
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/collectionCreation.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/collectionCreation.ts
index e4e458a9c76..ad36b8166b3 100644
--- a/client/src/composables/upload/collectionCreation.ts
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/collectionCreation.ts
@@ -5,9 +5,7 @@
 
 import { type Ref, ref } from "vue";
 
-import type { CollectionConfig } from "@/composables/uploadQueue";
-
-import type { CollectionCreationState } from "./collectionTypes";
+import type { CollectionCreationState, UploadCollectionConfig } from "./collectionTypes";
 
 export function useCollectionCreation(collectionConfigComponent?: Ref<{ reset: () => void } | null>) {
     const collectionState = ref<CollectionCreationState>({
@@ -27,9 +25,9 @@ export function useCollectionCreation(collectionConfigComponent?: Ref<{ reset: (
     }
 
     /**
-     * Builds a CollectionConfig for the upload queue if collection creation is active
+     * Builds an UploadCollectionConfig when collection creation is active.
      */
-    function buildCollectionConfig(targetHistoryId: string): CollectionConfig | undefined {
+    function buildCollectionConfig(targetHistoryId: string): UploadCollectionConfig | undefined {
         if (!collectionState.value.config) {
             return undefined;
         }
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/collectionElements.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/collectionElements.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ce1edeee292
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/collectionElements.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+import type { CollectionElementIdentifiers } from "@/api";
+import {
+    COMMON_FILTERS,
+    DEFAULT_FILTER,
+    guessInitialFilterType,
+    guessNameForPair,
+} from "@/components/Collections/pairing";
+
+import type { SupportedCollectionType } from "./collectionTypes";
+
+interface CollectionUploadItem {
+    name: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Builds collection element identifiers based on collection type.
+ * Uses the shared pairing abstractions from @/components/Collections/pairing for
+ * pair name extraction (synchronized with the backend via auto_pairing_spec.yml).
+ *
+ * @param items - Upload items with dataset IDs
+ * @param datasetIds - Array of created dataset IDs (in upload order)
+ * @param collectionType - Type of collection to create
+ * @returns Collection element identifiers ready for API
+ */
+export function buildCollectionElements(
+    items: CollectionUploadItem[],
+    datasetIds: string[],
+    collectionType: SupportedCollectionType,
+): CollectionElementIdentifiers {
+    if (collectionType === "list") {
+        // Simple list: one element per dataset
+        return items.map((item, index) => ({
+            name: item.name || `element_${index + 1}`,
+            src: "hda" as const,
+            id: datasetIds[index],
+        }));
+    }
+    // List of pairs: group consecutive files into pairs
+    const pairs: CollectionElementIdentifiers = [];
+    const usedNames = new Set<string>();
+
+    // Use the shared filter detection to determine forward/reverse naming convention
+    const filterType = guessInitialFilterType(items) ?? DEFAULT_FILTER;
+    const [forwardFilter, reverseFilter] = COMMON_FILTERS[filterType];
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i += 2) {
+        if (i + 1 >= items.length) {
+            // Odd number of files - skip last one or handle as error
+            console.warn(`Skipping unpaired file at index ${i}: ${items[i]?.name}`);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        const item1 = items[i];
+        const item2 = items[i + 1];
+
+        if (!item1 || !item2) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        const basePairName =
+            guessNameForPair(item1, item2, forwardFilter, reverseFilter, true) || `pair_${Math.floor(i / 2) + 1}`;
+        let pairName = basePairName;
+
+        // Ensure unique pair names by adding suffix if needed
+        let counter = 1;
+        while (usedNames.has(pairName)) {
+            pairName = `${basePairName}_${counter}`;
+            counter++;
+        }
+        usedNames.add(pairName);
+
+        pairs.push({
+            collection_type: "paired",
+            src: "new_collection" as const,
+            name: pairName,
+            element_identifiers: [
+                {
+                    name: "forward",
+                    src: "hda" as const,
+                    id: datasetIds[i],
+                },
+                {
+                    name: "reverse",
+                    src: "hda" as const,
+                    id: datasetIds[i + 1],
+                },
+            ],
+        });
+    }
+
+    return pairs;
+}
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/collectionTypes.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/collectionTypes.ts
index 3868565a360..ae6b26b95db 100644
--- a/client/src/composables/upload/collectionTypes.ts
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/collectionTypes.ts
@@ -18,6 +18,16 @@ export interface CollectionCreationInput {
     type: SupportedCollectionType;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Collection configuration used by upload orchestration.
+ */
+export interface UploadCollectionConfig extends CollectionCreationInput {
+    /** Whether to hide source datasets after collection creation */
+    hideSourceItems: boolean;
+    /** Target history ID where the collection will be created */
+    historyId: string;
+}
+
 /**
  * Validation state for a collection configuration
  */
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/testHelpers/uploadFixtures.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/testHelpers/uploadFixtures.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d0263aefda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/testHelpers/uploadFixtures.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+import type { UploadCollectionConfig } from "@/composables/upload/collectionTypes";
+import type {
+    LibraryDatasetUploadItem,
+    LocalFileUploadItem,
+    PastedContentUploadItem,
+    RemoteFileUploadItem,
+    UrlUploadItem,
+} from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
+
+export function makePastedItem(overrides: Partial<PastedContentUploadItem> = {}): PastedContentUploadItem {
+    return {
+        uploadMode: "paste-content",
+        name: "file.txt",
+        content: "hello world",
+        size: 11,
+        targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
+        dbkey: "?",
+        extension: "auto",
+        spaceToTab: false,
+        toPosixLines: false,
+        deferred: false,
+        ...overrides,
+    };
+}
+
+export function makeUrlItem(overrides: Partial<UrlUploadItem> = {}): UrlUploadItem {
+    return {
+        uploadMode: "paste-links",
+        name: "file.txt",
+        url: "http://example.com/file.txt",
+        size: 0,
+        targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
+        dbkey: "?",
+        extension: "auto",
+        spaceToTab: false,
+        toPosixLines: false,
+        deferred: false,
+        ...overrides,
+    };
+}
+
+export function makeRemoteFilesItem(overrides: Partial<RemoteFileUploadItem> = {}): RemoteFileUploadItem {
+    return {
+        uploadMode: "remote-files",
+        name: "file.txt",
+        url: "ftp://server/file.txt",
+        size: 0,
+        targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
+        dbkey: "?",
+        extension: "auto",
+        spaceToTab: false,
+        toPosixLines: false,
+        deferred: false,
+        ...overrides,
+    };
+}
+
+export function makeLibraryItem(overrides: Partial<LibraryDatasetUploadItem> = {}): LibraryDatasetUploadItem {
+    return {
+        uploadMode: "data-library",
+        name: "library.txt",
+        size: 0,
+        targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
+        dbkey: "?",
+        extension: "auto",
+        spaceToTab: false,
+        toPosixLines: false,
+        deferred: false,
+        libraryId: "lib_1",
+        folderId: "folder_1",
+        lddaId: "ldda_1",
+        url: "/api/libraries/lib_1/datasets/ldda_1",
+        ...overrides,
+    };
+}
+
+export function makeLocalFileItem(overrides: Partial<LocalFileUploadItem> = {}): LocalFileUploadItem {
+    const file = new File(["content"], "test.txt");
+    return {
+        uploadMode: "local-file",
+        name: "test.txt",
+        size: file.size,
+        targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
+        dbkey: "?",
+        extension: "auto",
+        spaceToTab: false,
+        toPosixLines: false,
+        deferred: false,
+        fileData: file,
+        ...overrides,
+    };
+}
+
+export function makeCollectionConfig(overrides: Partial<UploadCollectionConfig> = {}): UploadCollectionConfig {
+    return {
+        name: "My Collection",
+        type: "list",
+        historyId: "hist_1",
+        hideSourceItems: false,
+        ...overrides,
+    };
+}
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/uploadDefaults.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/uploadDefaults.ts
index c78baa2f0c1..74bc5aa3428 100644
--- a/client/src/composables/upload/uploadDefaults.ts
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/uploadDefaults.ts
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ import { computed } from "vue";
 import type { BaseUploadItem } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/types/uploadItem";
 import { useUploadConfigurations } from "@/composables/uploadConfigurations";
 
-export function useUploadDefaults() {
+export function useUploadDefaults(formats?: string[]) {
     const { configOptions, effectiveExtensions, compositeExtensions, listDbKeys, ready } =
-        useUploadConfigurations(undefined);
+        useUploadConfigurations(formats);
 
     const defaultExtension = computed(() => configOptions.value?.defaultExtension || "auto");
     const defaultDbKey = computed(() => configOptions.value?.defaultDbKey || "?");
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes.test.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c1493191cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import {
+    makeLibraryItem,
+    makeLocalFileItem,
+    makePastedItem,
+    makeRemoteFilesItem,
+    makeUrlItem,
+} from "@/composables/upload/testHelpers/uploadFixtures";
+import type { NewUploadItem } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
+
+import { validateUploadItem } from "./uploadItemTypes";
+
+describe("validateUploadItem", () => {
+    it.each([
+        ["paste-content", makePastedItem()],
+        ["paste-links", makeUrlItem()],
+        ["remote-files", makeRemoteFilesItem()],
+        ["data-library", makeLibraryItem()],
+        ["local-file", makeLocalFileItem()],
+    ] as [string, NewUploadItem][])("accepts a valid %s item", (_mode, item) => {
+        expect(validateUploadItem(item)).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+
+    it("rejects paste-content with empty content", () => {
+        expect(validateUploadItem(makePastedItem({ content: "   " }))).toMatch(/No content provided/);
+    });
+
+    it("rejects paste-links with missing URL", () => {
+        expect(validateUploadItem(makeUrlItem({ url: "" }))).toMatch(/No URL provided/);
+    });
+
+    it("rejects remote-files with missing URL", () => {
+        expect(validateUploadItem(makeRemoteFilesItem({ url: "  " }))).toMatch(/No URL provided/);
+    });
+
+    it("rejects data-library with no lddaId", () => {
+        expect(validateUploadItem(makeLibraryItem({ lddaId: "" }))).toMatch(/No library dataset ID/);
+    });
+
+    it("rejects local-file with no file data", () => {
+        const item: NewUploadItem = {
+            uploadMode: "local-file",
+            name: "missing.txt",
+            size: 0,
+            targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
+            dbkey: "?",
+            extension: "auto",
+            spaceToTab: false,
+            toPosixLines: false,
+            deferred: false,
+        };
+        expect(validateUploadItem(item)).toMatch(/No file selected/);
+    });
+
+    it("rejects local-file with an empty file", () => {
+        const emptyFile = new File([], "empty.txt");
+        const item: NewUploadItem = {
+            uploadMode: "local-file",
+            name: "empty.txt",
+            size: 0,
+            targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
+            dbkey: "?",
+            extension: "auto",
+            spaceToTab: false,
+            toPosixLines: false,
+            deferred: false,
+            fileData: emptyFile,
+        };
+        expect(validateUploadItem(item)).toMatch(/is empty/);
+    });
+
+    it("rejects an unknown upload mode", () => {
+        const item = { ...makePastedItem(), uploadMode: "unknown-mode" } as unknown as NewUploadItem;
+        expect(validateUploadItem(item)).toMatch(/Unknown upload mode/);
+    });
+});
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes.ts
index 17ecbba50a3..ddb6a95006e 100644
--- a/client/src/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes.ts
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
  * These types represent items in various stages of the upload lifecycle.
  */
 
+import type { HistoryContentSource } from "@/api/datasets";
 import type { FetchDatasetHash } from "@/api/tools";
 import type { UploadMethod } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/types";
 
@@ -123,3 +124,60 @@ export interface UploadState {
 
 /** Upload item with state tracking (used in active upload queue) */
 export type UploadItem = NewUploadItem & UploadState;
+
+/** Sources returned for uploaded history contents. */
+export type UploadedDatasetSource = Extract<HistoryContentSource, "hda" | "hdca">;
+
+/**
+ * Validates a UI upload item before submission.
+ * Returns an error message if invalid, undefined if valid.
+ */
+export function validateUploadItem(item: NewUploadItem): string | undefined {
+    switch (item.uploadMode) {
+        case "local-file":
+            if (!item.fileData) {
+                return `No file selected for "${item.name}"`;
+            }
+            if (item.fileData.size === 0) {
+                return `File "${item.name}" is empty`;
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case "paste-content":
+            if (!item.content || item.content.trim().length === 0) {
+                return `No content provided for "${item.name}"`;
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case "paste-links":
+        case "remote-files":
+            if (!item.url || item.url.trim().length === 0) {
+                return `No URL provided for "${item.name}"`;
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case "data-library":
+            if (!item.lddaId) {
+                return `No library dataset ID provided for "${item.name}"`;
+            }
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            return `Unknown upload mode: ${(item as NewUploadItem).uploadMode}`;
+    }
+    return undefined;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents a dataset that was successfully uploaded.
+ */
+export interface UploadedDataset {
+    /** Unique identifier for the dataset. */
+    id: string;
+    /** Display name of the dataset. */
+    name: string;
+    /** History item ID (sequential index). */
+    hid?: number;
+    /** Type of dataset: history dataset (hda) or history dataset collection (hdca). */
+    src: UploadedDatasetSource;
+}
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/uploadResponse.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/uploadResponse.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7c27592e136
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/uploadResponse.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import type { FetchDataResponse } from "@/api/tools";
+
+import type { UploadedDataset } from "./uploadItemTypes";
+
+/**
+ * Raw dataset data structure from API response.
+ */
+interface UploadResponseData {
+    id: string;
+    name?: string;
+    label?: string;
+    hid?: number;
+    src?: string;
+}
+
+function isUploadResponseData(value: unknown): value is UploadResponseData {
+    if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return "id" in value && typeof value.id === "string";
+}
+
+function toUploadedDataset(output: unknown): UploadedDataset | null {
+    if (!isUploadResponseData(output) || !output.id) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    return {
+        id: output.id,
+        name: output.name ?? output.label ?? output.id,
+        hid: output.hid,
+        src: output.src === "hdca" ? "hdca" : "hda",
+    };
+}
+
+function isPlainObject(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
+    return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
+}
+
+function collectUploadedDatasets(responseOutputs: unknown, datasets: UploadedDataset[]): void {
+    if (!responseOutputs) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (Array.isArray(responseOutputs)) {
+        responseOutputs.forEach((item) => collectUploadedDatasets(item, datasets));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const converted = toUploadedDataset(responseOutputs);
+    if (converted) {
+        datasets.push(converted);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (isPlainObject(responseOutputs)) {
+        Object.values(responseOutputs).forEach((nested) => collectUploadedDatasets(nested, datasets));
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extracts uploaded datasets from a fetch response, recursively searching through outputs.
+ * @param response - The fetch response containing outputs
+ * @returns Array of unique uploaded datasets
+ */
+export function datasetsFromFetchResponse(response: FetchDataResponse): UploadedDataset[] {
+    if (!response.outputs) {
+        return [];
+    }
+
+    const datasets: UploadedDataset[] = [];
+    collectUploadedDatasets(response.outputs, datasets);
+
+    const seen = new Set<string>();
+    return datasets.filter((dataset) => {
+        if (seen.has(dataset.id)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        seen.add(dataset.id);
+        return true;
+    });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extracts dataset IDs from a fetch response.
+ * @param response - The fetch response containing outputs
+ * @returns Array of dataset IDs
+ */
+export function datasetIdsFromFetchResponse(response: FetchDataResponse): string[] {
+    return datasetsFromFetchResponse(response).map((dataset) => dataset.id);
+}
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/uploadTracking.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/uploadTracking.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c605c943e96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/uploadTracking.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+import type { UploadStateTrackingApi } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState";
+
+import type { UploadCollectionConfig } from "./collectionTypes";
+import type { LibraryDatasetUploadItem, NewUploadItem } from "./uploadItemTypes";
+
+/**
+ * Represents an upload item being tracked through its lifecycle.
+ * @template T - The specific type of upload item (NewUploadItem or subtypes)
+ */
+export interface TrackedUpload<T extends NewUploadItem = NewUploadItem> {
+    /** The upload item configuration */
+    item: T;
+    /** Unique identifier for this tracked upload */
+    id: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Result of initializing tracked uploads.
+ * Contains the tracked uploads and optional batch ID for collection uploads.
+ */
+export interface InitializedUploads {
+    /** Array of tracked uploads created from the input items */
+    trackedUploads: TrackedUpload[];
+    /** Batch ID if uploads were initialized as part of a collection */
+    batchId?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Options for initializing tracked uploads.
+ */
+interface InitializeTrackedUploadsOptions {
+    /** Collection configuration if uploads should be part of a collection */
+    collectionConfig?: UploadCollectionConfig;
+    /** Whether to use direct HDCA creation (no separate collection creation step) */
+    directCreation?: boolean;
+    /** Whether to immediately start uploading (sets status to "uploading") */
+    startUploading?: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initializes tracked uploads for a set of upload items.
+ * Creates upload items in the upload state and optionally creates a collection batch.
+ *
+ * @param uploadState - Upload state tracking API
+ * @param items - Upload items to initialize (file, URL, paste uploads, etc.)
+ * @param options - Initialization options
+ * @returns Initialized uploads with tracked items and optional batch ID
+ */
+export function initializeTrackedUploads(
+    uploadState: UploadStateTrackingApi,
+    items: NewUploadItem[] | undefined,
+    options: InitializeTrackedUploadsOptions = {},
+): InitializedUploads {
+    if (!items || items.length === 0) {
+        return { trackedUploads: [] };
+    }
+
+    const batchId = options.collectionConfig
+        ? uploadState.addBatch(options.collectionConfig, [], options.directCreation ?? false)
+        : undefined;
+
+    const trackedUploads = items.map((item) => ({
+        item,
+        id: uploadState.addUploadItem(item, batchId),
+    }));
+
+    if (batchId) {
+        const batch = uploadState.getBatch(batchId);
+        if (batch) {
+            batch.uploadIds = trackedUploads.map((tracked) => tracked.id);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (options.startUploading) {
+        trackedUploads.forEach((tracked) => uploadState.setStatus(tracked.id, "uploading"));
+    }
+
+    return { trackedUploads, batchId };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Updates the progress of multiple tracked uploads.
+ *
+ * @param uploadState - Upload state tracking API
+ * @param ids - Upload item IDs to update
+ * @param percentage - Progress percentage (0-100)
+ */
+export function updateTrackedProgress(uploadState: UploadStateTrackingApi, ids: string[], percentage: number): void {
+    ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.updateProgress(id, percentage));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Marks multiple tracked uploads as completed.
+ * Sets progress to 100% and status to "completed".
+ */
+export function markTrackedCompleted(uploadState: UploadStateTrackingApi, ids: string[]): void {
+    ids.forEach((id) => {
+        uploadState.updateProgress(id, 100);
+        uploadState.setStatus(id, "completed");
+    });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Marks multiple tracked uploads as failed with an error message.
+ *
+ * @param uploadState - Upload state tracking API
+ * @param trackedUploads - Tracked uploads to mark as failed
+ * @param message - Error message describing the failure
+ */
+export function markTrackedError(
+    uploadState: UploadStateTrackingApi,
+    trackedUploads: Array<Pick<TrackedUpload, "id">>,
+    message: string,
+): void {
+    trackedUploads.forEach((tracked) => uploadState.setError(tracked.id, message));
+}
+
+function isTrackedLibraryUpload(tracked: TrackedUpload): tracked is TrackedUpload<LibraryDatasetUploadItem> {
+    return tracked.item.uploadMode === "data-library";
+}
+
+/**
+ * Splits tracked uploads by their type (API uploads vs library uploads).
+ * Useful for handling different upload modes after initialization.
+ *
+ * @param trackedUploads - Tracked uploads to split
+ * @returns Object containing arrays of API upload IDs and library uploads
+ */
+export function splitTrackedUploadsByType(trackedUploads: TrackedUpload[]): {
+    apiIds: string[];
+    libraryUploads: TrackedUpload<LibraryDatasetUploadItem>[];
+} {
+    const apiIds: string[] = [];
+    const libraryUploads: TrackedUpload<LibraryDatasetUploadItem>[] = [];
+
+    trackedUploads.forEach((tracked) => {
+        if (isTrackedLibraryUpload(tracked)) {
+            libraryUploads.push(tracked);
+        } else {
+            apiIds.push(tracked.id);
+        }
+    });
+
+    return { apiIds, libraryUploads };
+}
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadBatchOperations.test.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadBatchOperations.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..60404ee7c36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadBatchOperations.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+import { suppressExpectedErrorMessages } from "@tests/vitest/helpers";
+import flushPromises from "flush-promises";
+import { http, HttpResponse } from "msw";
+import { createPinia, setActivePinia } from "pinia";
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+import { useServerMock } from "@/api/client/__mocks__";
+import { useUploadState } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState";
+import { makeCollectionConfig, makePastedItem, makeUrlItem } from "@/composables/upload/testHelpers/uploadFixtures";
+
+import { useUploadBatchOperations } from "./useUploadBatchOperations";
+
+const { server } = useServerMock();
+
+describe("useUploadBatchOperations", () => {
+    beforeEach(() => {
+        setActivePinia(createPinia());
+        useUploadState().clearAll();
+    });
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+        vi.restoreAllMocks();
+        useUploadState().clearAll();
+    });
+
+    it("processes the direct collection path atomically", async () => {
+        server.use(
+            http.get("/api/configuration", () => HttpResponse.json({ chunk_upload_size: 42 })),
+            http.post("/api/tools/fetch", async ({ request }) => {
+                const body = await request.json();
+                expect(body).toMatchObject({
+                    history_id: "hist_1",
+                    targets: [
+                        {
+                            destination: { type: "hdca" },
+                            collection_type: "list",
+                            name: "My Collection",
+                        },
+                    ],
+                });
+                return HttpResponse.json({ outputs: [{ id: "hdca_1", src: "hdca" }] });
+            }),
+        );
+
+        const state = useUploadState();
+        const operations = useUploadBatchOperations({ autoRecover: false });
+        const first = makeUrlItem({ name: "a.txt" });
+        const second = makeUrlItem({ name: "b.txt" });
+        const batchId = state.addBatch(makeCollectionConfig(), [], true);
+        const id1 = state.addUploadItem(first, batchId);
+        const id2 = state.addUploadItem(second, batchId);
+        state.getBatch(batchId)!.uploadIds = [id1, id2];
+
+        await operations.processDirectBatch(batchId, [id1, id2], [first, second]);
+
+        expect(state.getBatch(batchId)?.status).toBe("completed");
+        expect(state.activeItems.value.every((item) => item.status === "completed")).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it("retries collection creation after an earlier two-step failure", async () => {
+        suppressExpectedErrorMessages(["Temporary error"]);
+        server.use(http.post("/api/dataset_collections", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "col_retried" })));
+
+        const state = useUploadState();
+        const operations = useUploadBatchOperations({ autoRecover: false });
+        const uploadId = state.addUploadItem(makePastedItem());
+        state.updateProgress(uploadId, 100);
+
+        const batchId = state.addBatch(makeCollectionConfig(), [uploadId], false);
+        state.addBatchDatasetId(batchId, "ds_1");
+        state.setBatchError(batchId, "Temporary error");
+
+        const item = state.activeItems.value.find((entry) => entry.id === uploadId);
+        if (item) {
+            item.error = "Uploaded successfully, but collection creation failed";
+        }
+
+        await operations.retryCollectionCreation(batchId);
+
+        expect(state.getBatch(batchId)?.status).toBe("completed");
+        expect(state.getBatch(batchId)?.collectionId).toBe("col_retried");
+        expect(state.activeItems.value.find((entry) => entry.id === uploadId)?.error).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+
+    it("recovers interrupted two-step collection creation from persisted state", async () => {
+        server.use(http.post("/api/dataset_collections", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "col_recovered" })));
+
+        const state = useUploadState();
+        const itemId = state.addUploadItem(makePastedItem({ name: "recovered.txt" }));
+        state.setStatus(itemId, "uploading");
+        state.updateProgress(itemId, 100);
+
+        const batchId = state.addBatch(
+            { name: "Recovery Collection", type: "list", hideSourceItems: false, historyId: "hist_1" },
+            [itemId],
+            false,
+        );
+        state.addBatchDatasetId(batchId, "ds_recovered");
+
+        const operations = useUploadBatchOperations({ autoRecover: false });
+        operations.recoverIncompleteBatches();
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        expect(state.getBatch(batchId)?.collectionId).toBe("col_recovered");
+        expect(state.getBatch(batchId)?.status).toBe("completed");
+    });
+});
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadBatchOperations.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadBatchOperations.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..741bbcf1efc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadBatchOperations.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+import { createHistoryDatasetCollectionInstanceFull } from "@/api/datasetCollections";
+import { useUploadState } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState";
+import { buildCollectionElements } from "@/composables/upload/collectionElements";
+import type { NewUploadItem, UploadItem } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
+import { validateUploadItem } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
+import { useHistoryStore } from "@/stores/historyStore";
+import { getHistoryUploadActionErrorMessage, getHistoryUploadBlockReason } from "@/utils/historyUpload";
+import { errorMessageAsString } from "@/utils/simple-error";
+import { toApiUploadItem, uploadCollectionDatasets } from "@/utils/upload";
+
+interface UploadBatchOperationsOptions {
+    autoRecover?: boolean;
+}
+
+let didRecoverIncompleteBatches = false;
+
+export function useUploadBatchOperations(options: UploadBatchOperationsOptions = {}) {
+    const uploadState = useUploadState();
+
+    function findUploadItem(id: string): UploadItem | undefined {
+        return uploadState.activeItems.value.find((item) => item.id === id);
+    }
+
+    async function validateTargetHistory(targetHistoryId: string): Promise<string | null> {
+        const historyStore = useHistoryStore();
+        let history = historyStore.getHistoryById(targetHistoryId, false) ?? null;
+        if (!history) {
+            await historyStore.loadHistoryById(targetHistoryId);
+            history = historyStore.getHistoryById(targetHistoryId, false) ?? null;
+        }
+        if (!history) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        const blockReason = getHistoryUploadBlockReason(history);
+        return blockReason ? getHistoryUploadActionErrorMessage(blockReason) : null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a dataset collection from uploaded datasets.
+     *
+     * @param batchId - Batch ID in upload state
+     * @throws {Error} If the batch is not found, has missing data, or collection creation fails
+     */
+    async function createCollection(batchId: string): Promise<void> {
+        const batch = uploadState.getBatch(batchId);
+        if (!batch) {
+            const errorMsg = `Batch not found: ${batchId}`;
+            console.error(errorMsg);
+            throw new Error(errorMsg);
+        }
+
+        if (batch.collectionId) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (!batch.datasetIds || batch.datasetIds.length === 0) {
+            const errorMsg = "No dataset IDs available for collection creation";
+            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
+            throw new Error(errorMsg);
+        }
+
+        const items = batch.uploadIds
+            .map((id) => findUploadItem(id))
+            .filter((item): item is UploadItem => item !== undefined);
+
+        if (items.length === 0) {
+            const errorMsg = "No upload items available for collection creation";
+            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
+            throw new Error(errorMsg);
+        }
+
+        if (items.length !== batch.uploadIds.length) {
+            const errorMsg = `Cannot create collection: only ${items.length} of ${batch.uploadIds.length} upload items found. This can happen after a page refresh. Please re-upload the files or manually create the collection.`;
+            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
+            throw new Error(errorMsg);
+        }
+
+        uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "creating-collection");
+
+        try {
+            const elementIdentifiers = buildCollectionElements(items, batch.datasetIds, batch.type);
+
+            if (elementIdentifiers.length === 0) {
+                throw new Error("No valid collection elements to create");
+            }
+
+            const response = await createHistoryDatasetCollectionInstanceFull({
+                name: batch.name,
+                collection_type: batch.type,
+                element_identifiers: elementIdentifiers,
+                history_id: batch.historyId,
+                hide_source_items: batch.hideSourceItems,
+                instance_type: "history",
+                copy_elements: true,
+                fields: "auto",
+            });
+
+            uploadState.setBatchCollectionId(batchId, response.id);
+            uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "completed");
+        } catch (err) {
+            const errorMsg = errorMessageAsString(err);
+            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
+
+            const currentBatch = uploadState.getBatch(batchId);
+            currentBatch?.uploadIds.forEach((id) => {
+                const item = findUploadItem(id);
+                if (item && !item.error) {
+                    item.error = "Uploaded successfully, but collection creation failed";
+                }
+            });
+
+            throw new Error(errorMsg);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Processes a collection batch using the direct HDCA creation path.
+     * All items are uploaded together in one /api/tools/fetch request that
+     * creates the collection atomically — no separate collection creation step.
+     *
+     * Used for non-library batches where all items can be fed to the upload API directly.
+     */
+    async function processDirectBatch(batchId: string, ids: string[], items: NewUploadItem[]): Promise<void> {
+        const batch = uploadState.getBatch(batchId);
+        if (!batch) {
+            console.error(`Batch not found: ${batchId}`);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.setStatus(id, "uploading"));
+        uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "uploading");
+
+        try {
+            const historyError = await validateTargetHistory(batch.historyId);
+            if (historyError) {
+                throw new Error(historyError);
+            }
+
+            for (const item of items) {
+                const validationError = validateUploadItem(item);
+                if (validationError) {
+                    throw new Error(validationError);
+                }
+            }
+
+            const apiItems = items.map((item) => toApiUploadItem(item));
+
+            await uploadCollectionDatasets(
+                apiItems,
+                {
+                    collectionName: batch.name,
+                    collectionType: batch.type,
+                },
+                {
+                    progress: (percentage) => {
+                        ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.updateProgress(id, percentage));
+                    },
+                    success: () => {
+                        ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.updateProgress(id, 100));
+                        uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "completed");
+                    },
+                    error: (err) => {
+                        const errorMsg = errorMessageAsString(err);
+                        ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.setError(id, errorMsg));
+                        uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
+                    },
+                },
+            );
+        } catch (err) {
+            const errorMsg = errorMessageAsString(err);
+            ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.setError(id, errorMsg));
+            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
+        }
+    }
+
+    async function retryCollectionCreation(batchId: string): Promise<void> {
+        const batch = uploadState.getBatch(batchId);
+        if (!batch) {
+            console.error(`Batch not found: ${batchId}`);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        batch.error = undefined;
+        uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "uploading");
+
+        batch.uploadIds.forEach((id) => {
+            const item = findUploadItem(id);
+            if (item?.error?.includes("collection creation failed")) {
+                item.error = undefined;
+            }
+        });
+
+        try {
+            await createCollection(batchId);
+        } catch (err) {
+            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, `Retry failed: ${errorMessageAsString(err)}`);
+        }
+    }
+
+    function recoverIncompleteBatches(): void {
+        uploadState.activeBatches.value.forEach((batch) => {
+            if (batch.collectionId || batch.status === "error" || batch.directCreation) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            const allCompleted = batch.uploadIds.every((uploadId) => {
+                const upload = findUploadItem(uploadId);
+                return upload?.status === "completed";
+            });
+
+            if (allCompleted && batch.uploadIds.length > 0 && batch.datasetIds.length > 0) {
+                const availableItems = batch.uploadIds.filter((uploadId) => findUploadItem(uploadId) !== undefined);
+                if (availableItems.length !== batch.uploadIds.length) {
+                    uploadState.setBatchError(
+                        batch.id,
+                        "Collection creation failed: upload data lost after page refresh. Please re-upload the files to create the collection or manually create the collection.",
+                    );
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                createCollection(batch.id).catch((err) => {
+                    console.error("Recovery failed:", err);
+                    uploadState.setBatchError(batch.id, "Collection creation interrupted. Please retry manually.");
+                });
+            } else if (allCompleted && batch.uploadIds.length > 0) {
+                uploadState.setBatchError(
+                    batch.id,
+                    "Collection creation interrupted and cannot be recovered. Dataset IDs not available. Please create the collection manually.",
+                );
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    function clearCompleted(): void {
+        uploadState.clearCompleted();
+    }
+
+    function clearAll(): void {
+        uploadState.clearAll();
+    }
+
+    if (options.autoRecover !== false && !didRecoverIncompleteBatches) {
+        recoverIncompleteBatches();
+        didRecoverIncompleteBatches = true;
+    }
+
+    return {
+        clearAll,
+        clearCompleted,
+        createCollection,
+        processDirectBatch,
+        recoverIncompleteBatches,
+        retryCollectionCreation,
+    };
+}
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadMethodModal.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadMethodModal.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7c331f33d9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadMethodModal.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+import Vue, { h, reactive } from "vue";
+
+import type { DataOption } from "@/components/Form/Elements/FormData/types";
+import type {
+    DatasetUploadMethod,
+    UploadedDataset,
+    UploadModalConfig,
+    UploadModalResolvers,
+    UploadModalResult,
+} from "@/components/Panels/Upload/uploadModalTypes";
+
+import UploadMethodModal from "@/components/Panels/Upload/UploadMethodModal.vue";
+
+interface ModalState {
+    modalVisible: boolean;
+    modalConfig: UploadModalConfig;
+}
+
+interface UploadMethodModalHostInstance extends Vue {
+    state: ModalState;
+    render: () => ReturnType<typeof h>;
+}
+
+const DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS: DatasetUploadMethod[] = [
+    "local-file",
+    "paste-content",
+    "paste-links",
+    "remote-files",
+    "data-library",
+];
+
+let hostElement: HTMLDivElement | null = null;
+let modalVm: UploadMethodModalHostInstance | null = null;
+let pendingResolvers: UploadModalResolvers | null = null;
+
+function toDataOptions(datasets: UploadedDataset[]): DataOption[] {
+    return datasets.map((dataset) => ({
+        id: dataset.id,
+        name: dataset.name,
+        hid: dataset.hid,
+        src: dataset.src,
+        batch: false,
+        keep: true,
+        tags: [],
+    }));
+}
+
+function applyConfigDefaults(config?: UploadModalConfig): UploadModalConfig {
+    return {
+        allowedMethods: config?.allowedMethods ?? DEFAULT_ALLOWED_METHODS,
+        allowCollections: config?.allowCollections ?? false,
+        formats: config?.formats,
+        multiple: config?.multiple ?? true,
+        targetHistoryId: config?.targetHistoryId,
+        title: config?.title,
+        hideTips: config?.hideTips ?? false,
+    };
+}
+
+function buildResult(datasets: UploadedDataset[], cancelled: boolean): UploadModalResult {
+    return {
+        datasets,
+        cancelled,
+        toDataOptions: () => toDataOptions(datasets),
+    };
+}
+
+function resolveAndCleanup(resolvers: UploadModalResolvers | null, result: UploadModalResult): void {
+    if (resolvers) {
+        resolvers.resolve(result);
+    }
+}
+
+function ensureMounted(): UploadMethodModalHostInstance {
+    if (modalVm) {
+        return modalVm;
+    }
+
+    hostElement = document.createElement("div");
+    hostElement.id = "upload-method-modal-host";
+    document.body.appendChild(hostElement);
+
+    const state: ModalState = reactive({
+        modalVisible: false,
+        modalConfig: applyConfigDefaults(),
+    });
+
+    const finishUploaded = (datasets: UploadedDataset[]) => {
+        const resolvers = pendingResolvers;
+        pendingResolvers = null;
+        state.modalVisible = false;
+        resolveAndCleanup(resolvers, buildResult(datasets, false));
+    };
+
+    const finishCancelled = () => {
+        const resolvers = pendingResolvers;
+        pendingResolvers = null;
+        state.modalVisible = false;
+        resolveAndCleanup(resolvers, buildResult([], true));
+    };
+
+    const render = () =>
+        h(UploadMethodModal, {
+            props: {
+                show: state.modalVisible,
+                config: state.modalConfig,
+                hideTips: state.modalConfig.hideTips ?? false,
+            },
+            on: {
+                "update:show": (show: boolean) => {
+                    state.modalVisible = show;
+                },
+                uploaded: finishUploaded,
+                cancelled: finishCancelled,
+            },
+        });
+
+    const instance = new Vue({
+        name: "UploadMethodModalHost",
+        setup() {
+            return {
+                state,
+                finishUploaded,
+                finishCancelled,
+                render,
+            };
+        },
+        render(): ReturnType<typeof h> {
+            return this.render();
+        },
+    }).$mount(hostElement);
+
+    modalVm = instance as UploadMethodModalHostInstance;
+    return modalVm;
+}
+
+export function useUploadMethodModal() {
+    async function openUploadModal(config?: UploadModalConfig): Promise<UploadModalResult> {
+        const vm = ensureMounted();
+
+        if (pendingResolvers) {
+            return Promise.reject(new Error("An upload modal is already open."));
+        }
+
+        const defaultedConfig = applyConfigDefaults(config);
+        vm.state.modalConfig = defaultedConfig;
+        vm.state.modalVisible = true;
+
+        return new Promise<UploadModalResult>((resolve, reject) => {
+            pendingResolvers = { resolve, reject };
+        });
+    }
+
+    return {
+        openUploadModal,
+    };
+}
+
+export { toDataOptions };
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadStaging.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadStaging.ts
index eebf4bb4c67..f47d0a3d469 100644
--- a/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadStaging.ts
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadStaging.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,13 @@ interface UseUploadStagingReturn {
     clear: () => void;
 }
 
+interface UploadStagingOptions {
+    /** Whether to disable the upload staging store.
+     * This is useful for short-term staging sessions that don't require persistence.
+     */
+    disableStore?: boolean;
+}
+
 /**
  * Composable to synchronize a local reactive items ref with the upload staging store.
  *
@@ -21,9 +28,19 @@ interface UseUploadStagingReturn {
 export function useUploadStaging<T extends StagedUploadItem>(
     mode: UploadMethod,
     items: Ref<T[]>,
+    options: UploadStagingOptions = {},
 ): UseUploadStagingReturn {
     const stagingStore = useUploadStagingStore();
 
+    // When disabled, act as a no-op passthrough using only the provided ref
+    if (options.disableStore) {
+        return {
+            clear() {
+                items.value = [];
+            },
+        };
+    }
+
     // Restore staged items on mount
     onMounted(() => {
         const staged = stagingStore.getItems<T>(mode);
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadSubmission.test.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadSubmission.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..faeddd40504
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadSubmission.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+import { getLocalVue, suppressExpectedErrorMessages } from "@tests/vitest/helpers";
+import { mount } from "@vue/test-utils";
+import flushPromises from "flush-promises";
+import { http, HttpResponse } from "msw";
+import { createPinia, setActivePinia } from "pinia";
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { defineComponent, ref } from "vue";
+
+import { useServerMock } from "@/api/client/__mocks__";
+import type { PreparedUpload } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/types";
+import { useUploadState } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState";
+import { makeCollectionConfig, makeLibraryItem, makeUrlItem } from "@/composables/upload/testHelpers/uploadFixtures";
+import { buildPreparedUpload } from "@/utils/upload";
+
+import { useUploadSubmission } from "./useUploadSubmission";
+
+const SELECTORS = {
+    RUN: "[data-test-id='run']",
+    RESULT: "[data-test-id='result']",
+    ERROR: "[data-test-id='error']",
+};
+
+const localVue = getLocalVue();
+const { server } = useServerMock();
+
+function mountHarness(prepared: PreparedUpload) {
+    const Harness = defineComponent({
+        setup() {
+            const { submitPreparedUpload } = useUploadSubmission();
+            const result = ref("");
+            const error = ref("");
+
+            async function run() {
+                try {
+                    const uploaded = await submitPreparedUpload("hist_1", prepared);
+                    result.value = JSON.stringify(uploaded);
+                } catch (err) {
+                    error.value = String(err);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return { error, result, run };
+        },
+        template: `
+            <div>
+                <button data-test-id="run" @click="run">run</button>
+                <div data-test-id="result">{{ result }}</div>
+                <div data-test-id="error">{{ error }}</div>
+            </div>
+        `,
+    });
+
+    return mount(Harness, { localVue, pinia: createPinia() });
+}
+
+function makeSubmissionCollectionConfig() {
+    return makeCollectionConfig({
+        name: "Uploaded Collection",
+        hideSourceItems: true,
+    });
+}
+
+describe("useUploadSubmission", () => {
+    beforeEach(() => {
+        setActivePinia(createPinia());
+        useUploadState().clearAll();
+
+        server.use(http.get("/api/configuration", () => HttpResponse.json({ chunk_upload_size: 42 })));
+    });
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+        useUploadState().clearAll();
+    });
+
+    it("submits mixed uploads, tracks completion, and flattens nested fetch outputs", async () => {
+        server.use(
+            http.post("/api/tools/fetch", () =>
+                HttpResponse.json({
+                    jobs: [{ id: "job_1" }],
+                    outputs: {
+                        first: { id: "hda_1", name: "api dataset", hid: 1, src: "hda" },
+                        nested: [
+                            { duplicate: { id: "hda_1", name: "duplicate", hid: 1, src: "hda" } },
+                            { id: "hdca_1", name: "api collection", src: "hdca" },
+                        ],
+                    },
+                }),
+            ),
+            http.post("/api/histories/hist_1/contents/datasets", async ({ request }) => {
+                const body = await request.json();
+                expect(body).toMatchObject({
+                    content: "ldda_1",
+                    source: "library",
+                    type: "dataset",
+                });
+                return HttpResponse.json({ id: "hda_2", name: "copied library", hid: 2 });
+            }),
+        );
+
+        const apiItem = makeUrlItem({ name: "remote.txt", url: "https://example.org/remote.txt" });
+        const apiPrepared = buildPreparedUpload([apiItem]);
+        const wrapper = mountHarness({
+            apiItems: apiPrepared.apiItems,
+            uploadItems: [apiItem, makeLibraryItem()],
+        });
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        await wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RUN).trigger("click");
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RESULT).text()).toContain('"id":"hda_1"');
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RESULT).text()).toContain('"id":"hdca_1"');
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RESULT).text()).toContain('"id":"hda_2"');
+
+        const state = useUploadState();
+        const pastedEntry = state.activeItems.value.find((item) => item.name === "remote.txt");
+        const libraryEntry = state.activeItems.value.find((item) => item.name === "library.txt");
+
+        expect(pastedEntry?.status).toBe("completed");
+        expect(pastedEntry?.progress).toBe(100);
+        expect(libraryEntry?.status).toBe("completed");
+        expect(libraryEntry?.progress).toBe(100);
+    });
+
+    it("marks all tracked uploads as errored when the fetch request fails", async () => {
+        server.use(
+            http.post("/api/tools/fetch", () => HttpResponse.json({ err_msg: "upload failed" }, { status: 500 })),
+        );
+
+        const apiItem = makeUrlItem({ name: "remote.txt", url: "https://example.org/broken.txt" });
+        const apiPrepared = buildPreparedUpload([apiItem]);
+        const wrapper = mountHarness({
+            apiItems: apiPrepared.apiItems,
+            uploadItems: [apiItem, makeLibraryItem()],
+        });
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        await wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RUN).trigger("click");
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.ERROR).text()).toContain("upload failed");
+
+        const state = useUploadState();
+        expect(state.activeItems.value).toHaveLength(2);
+        for (const item of state.activeItems.value) {
+            expect(item.status).toBe("error");
+            expect(item.error).toBe("upload failed");
+        }
+    });
+
+    it("falls back to the staged library item name when the copy response omits metadata", async () => {
+        server.use(
+            http.post("/api/histories/hist_1/contents/datasets", async ({ request }) => {
+                const body = await request.json();
+                expect(body).toMatchObject({
+                    content: "ldda_3",
+                    source: "library",
+                    type: "dataset",
+                });
+                return HttpResponse.json({ id: "hda_3" });
+            }),
+        );
+
+        const wrapper = mountHarness({
+            apiItems: [],
+            uploadItems: [makeLibraryItem({ name: "fallback-name.txt", lddaId: "ldda_3" })],
+        });
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        await wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RUN).trigger("click");
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RESULT).text()).toContain('"name":"fallback-name.txt"');
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RESULT).text()).toContain('"id":"hda_3"');
+    });
+
+    it("groups direct collection uploads into a batch in upload state", async () => {
+        server.use(
+            http.post("/api/tools/fetch", async ({ request }) => {
+                const body = await request.json();
+
+                expect(body).toMatchObject({
+                    history_id: "hist_1",
+                    targets: [
+                        {
+                            destination: { type: "hdca" },
+                            collection_type: "list",
+                            name: "Uploaded Collection",
+                        },
+                    ],
+                });
+
+                return HttpResponse.json({
+                    jobs: [{ id: "job_1" }],
+                    outputs: [{ id: "hdca_2", name: "Uploaded Collection", src: "hdca" }],
+                });
+            }),
+        );
+
+        const firstItem = makeUrlItem({ name: "1.bed", url: "https://example.org/1.bed" });
+        const secondItem = makeUrlItem({ name: "2.bed", url: "https://example.org/2.bed" });
+        const prepared = buildPreparedUpload([firstItem, secondItem], makeSubmissionCollectionConfig());
+        const wrapper = mountHarness(prepared);
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        await wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RUN).trigger("click");
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RESULT).text()).toContain('"id":"hdca_2"');
+
+        const state = useUploadState();
+        const batch = state.activeBatches.value[0];
+
+        expect(batch?.name).toBe("Uploaded Collection");
+        expect(batch?.status).toBe("completed");
+        expect(batch?.collectionId).toBe("hdca_2");
+        expect(batch?.uploadIds).toHaveLength(2);
+        expect(state.standaloneUploads.value).toHaveLength(0);
+        expect(state.orderedUploadItems.value[0]?.type).toBe("batch");
+        expect(state.activeItems.value.every((item) => item.batchId === batch?.id)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it("creates a two-step collection for library-only uploads", async () => {
+        server.use(
+            http.post("/api/histories/hist_1/contents/datasets", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "hda_lib_1", hid: 3 })),
+            http.post("/api/dataset_collections", async ({ request }) => {
+                const body = await request.json();
+                expect(body).toMatchObject({
+                    history_id: "hist_1",
+                    collection_type: "list",
+                    name: "Uploaded Collection",
+                    element_identifiers: [{ id: "hda_lib_1", src: "hda" }],
+                });
+                return HttpResponse.json({ id: "hdca_lib_1" });
+            }),
+        );
+
+        const prepared = buildPreparedUpload([makeLibraryItem()], makeSubmissionCollectionConfig());
+        const wrapper = mountHarness(prepared);
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        await wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RUN).trigger("click");
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RESULT).text()).toContain('"id":"hda_lib_1"');
+
+        const batch = useUploadState().activeBatches.value[0];
+        expect(batch?.status).toBe("completed");
+        expect(batch?.collectionId).toBe("hdca_lib_1");
+        expect(batch?.datasetIds).toEqual(["hda_lib_1"]);
+    });
+
+    it("creates a two-step collection for mixed api and library uploads", async () => {
+        server.use(
+            http.post("/api/tools/fetch", () =>
+                HttpResponse.json({
+                    outputs: [{ id: "hda_api_1", name: "api dataset", hid: 1, src: "hda" }],
+                }),
+            ),
+            http.post("/api/histories/hist_1/contents/datasets", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "hda_lib_2", hid: 2 })),
+            http.post("/api/dataset_collections", async ({ request }) => {
+                const body = await request.json();
+                expect(body).toMatchObject({
+                    history_id: "hist_1",
+                    collection_type: "list",
+                    name: "Uploaded Collection",
+                    element_identifiers: [
+                        { id: "hda_api_1", src: "hda" },
+                        { id: "hda_lib_2", src: "hda" },
+                    ],
+                });
+                return HttpResponse.json({ id: "hdca_mixed_1" });
+            }),
+        );
+
+        const apiItem = makeUrlItem({ name: "api-first.txt" });
+        const libraryItem = makeLibraryItem({ name: "library-second.txt", lddaId: "ldda_2" });
+        const wrapper = mountHarness(buildPreparedUpload([apiItem, libraryItem], makeSubmissionCollectionConfig()));
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        await wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RUN).trigger("click");
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RESULT).text()).toContain('"id":"hda_api_1"');
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RESULT).text()).toContain('"id":"hda_lib_2"');
+
+        const batch = useUploadState().activeBatches.value[0];
+        expect(batch?.status).toBe("completed");
+        expect(batch?.collectionId).toBe("hdca_mixed_1");
+        expect(batch?.datasetIds).toEqual(["hda_api_1", "hda_lib_2"]);
+    });
+
+    it("surfaces two-step collection creation failures after uploads succeed", async () => {
+        suppressExpectedErrorMessages(["Collection error"]);
+        server.use(
+            http.post("/api/histories/hist_1/contents/datasets", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "hda_lib_3", hid: 4 })),
+            http.post("/api/dataset_collections", () =>
+                HttpResponse.json({ err_msg: "Collection error" }, { status: 500 }),
+            ),
+        );
+
+        const wrapper = mountHarness(
+            buildPreparedUpload([makeLibraryItem({ lddaId: "ldda_3" })], makeSubmissionCollectionConfig()),
+        );
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        await wrapper.find(SELECTORS.RUN).trigger("click");
+        await flushPromises();
+
+        expect(wrapper.find(SELECTORS.ERROR).text()).toContain("Collection error");
+
+        const batch = useUploadState().activeBatches.value[0];
+        expect(batch?.status).toBe("error");
+        expect(batch?.collectionId).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+});
diff --git a/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadSubmission.ts b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadSubmission.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..510b8ad9c14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/composables/upload/useUploadSubmission.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+import { copyDataset } from "@/api/datasets";
+import type { PreparedUpload } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/types";
+import { useUploadState } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState";
+import { useConfig } from "@/composables/config";
+import type { LibraryDatasetUploadItem, UploadedDataset } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
+import { datasetsFromFetchResponse } from "@/composables/upload/uploadResponse";
+import type { InitializedUploads, TrackedUpload } from "@/composables/upload/uploadTracking";
+import {
+    initializeTrackedUploads,
+    markTrackedCompleted,
+    markTrackedError,
+    splitTrackedUploadsByType,
+    updateTrackedProgress,
+} from "@/composables/upload/uploadTracking";
+import { useUploadBatchOperations } from "@/composables/upload/useUploadBatchOperations";
+import { errorMessageAsString } from "@/utils/simple-error";
+import type { UploadDatasetsConfig } from "@/utils/upload";
+import { isFetchApiCompatible, uploadCollectionDatasets, uploadDatasets } from "@/utils/upload";
+
+/**
+ * Composable that provides a centralized handler for submitting a prepared upload
+ * to the Galaxy API.
+ */
+export function useUploadSubmission() {
+    const uploadState = useUploadState();
+    const uploadBatchOperations = useUploadBatchOperations({ autoRecover: false });
+    const { config: galaxyConfig } = useConfig();
+
+    function initializeUploads(prepared: PreparedUpload): InitializedUploads {
+        const collectionConfig = prepared.collectionConfig;
+        const directCreation = isDirectCollectionCreation(prepared);
+
+        return initializeTrackedUploads(uploadState, prepared.uploadItems, {
+            collectionConfig,
+            directCreation,
+            startUploading: true,
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determines if the prepared upload is for direct collection creation.
+     * Data library items are not compatible with direct collection creation because
+     * they require copying datasets rather than uploading files, so the presence of any
+     * data library items means we cannot do direct collection creation.
+     */
+    function isDirectCollectionCreation(prepared: PreparedUpload): boolean {
+        return Boolean(prepared.collectionConfig && prepared.uploadItems?.every(isFetchApiCompatible));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process API-based uploads with progress tracking.
+     *
+     * This function handles the upload of file-based items through the Galaxy API,
+     * supporting both regular dataset uploads and direct collection creation. Progress
+     * is tracked via callbacks and the upload state store.
+     */
+    async function processApiUploads(
+        prepared: PreparedUpload,
+        apiIds: string[],
+        datasets: UploadedDataset[],
+        trackedUploads: TrackedUpload[],
+        batchId?: string,
+        directCollectionCreation?: boolean,
+        onProgress?: (percentage: number) => void,
+    ): Promise<void> {
+        if (prepared.apiItems.length === 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        return new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+            const config: UploadDatasetsConfig = {
+                chunkSize: galaxyConfig.value.chunk_upload_size as number,
+                success: (response) => {
+                    const uploadedDatasets = datasetsFromFetchResponse(response);
+
+                    markTrackedCompleted(uploadState, apiIds);
+                    datasets.push(...uploadedDatasets);
+
+                    if (batchId) {
+                        if (directCollectionCreation) {
+                            const createdCollection = uploadedDatasets.find((dataset) => dataset.src === "hdca");
+                            if (createdCollection) {
+                                uploadState.setBatchCollectionId(batchId, createdCollection.id);
+                            }
+                            uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "completed");
+                        } else {
+                            uploadedDatasets
+                                .filter((dataset) => dataset.src === "hda")
+                                .forEach((dataset) => uploadState.addBatchDatasetId(batchId, dataset.id));
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    resolve();
+                },
+                error: (uploadError) => {
+                    const errorMessage = errorMessageAsString(uploadError);
+
+                    markTrackedError(uploadState, trackedUploads, errorMessage);
+                    if (batchId) {
+                        uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMessage);
+                    }
+                    reject(uploadError);
+                },
+                progress: (percentage) => {
+                    onProgress?.(percentage);
+                    updateTrackedProgress(uploadState, apiIds, percentage);
+                },
+            };
+
+            if (prepared.collectionConfig && directCollectionCreation) {
+                uploadCollectionDatasets(
+                    prepared.apiItems,
+                    {
+                        collectionName: prepared.collectionConfig.name,
+                        collectionType: prepared.collectionConfig.type,
+                    },
+                    config,
+                );
+            } else {
+                uploadDatasets(prepared.apiItems, {
+                    ...config,
+                    composite: prepared.uploadOptions?.composite,
+                    compositeName: prepared.uploadOptions?.compositeName,
+                });
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process library dataset uploads with progress tracking.
+     *
+     * This function copies datasets from data libraries into the current history.
+     * Each library dataset is processed sequentially, with progress tracking for each item.
+     *
+     * @param libraryUploads - Array of tracked library upload items to process
+     * @param historyId - The target history ID to copy datasets into
+     * @param datasets - Array to collect successfully copied datasets
+     * @param batchId - Optional batch ID for batch upload tracking
+     * @returns Promise that resolves when all library uploads complete
+     */
+    async function processLibraryUploads(
+        libraryUploads: TrackedUpload<LibraryDatasetUploadItem>[],
+        historyId: string,
+        datasets: UploadedDataset[],
+        batchId?: string,
+    ): Promise<void> {
+        for (const tracked of libraryUploads) {
+            uploadState.updateProgress(tracked.id, 50);
+            const copied = await copyDataset(tracked.item.lddaId, historyId, "dataset", "library");
+            if (copied && "id" in copied && copied.id) {
+                const copiedName =
+                    "name" in copied && typeof copied.name === "string" ? copied.name : tracked.item.name;
+                const copiedHid = "hid" in copied && typeof copied.hid === "number" ? copied.hid : undefined;
+
+                datasets.push({
+                    id: copied.id,
+                    name: copiedName,
+                    hid: copiedHid,
+                    src: "hda",
+                });
+                if (batchId) {
+                    uploadState.addBatchDatasetId(batchId, copied.id);
+                }
+            }
+            markTrackedCompleted(uploadState, [tracked.id]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Submit a prepared upload to Galaxy and return the resulting datasets.
+     *
+     * Progress is tracked automatically in the upload state store so the
+     * progress panel reflects upload status. An optional `onProgress` callback
+     * can be used by the caller to update its own local progress indicator
+     * (e.g. the modal progress bar).
+     */
+    async function submitPreparedUpload(
+        historyId: string,
+        prepared: PreparedUpload,
+        onProgress?: (percentage: number) => void,
+    ): Promise<UploadedDataset[]> {
+        const datasets: UploadedDataset[] = [];
+        const directCollectionCreation = isDirectCollectionCreation(prepared);
+        const { trackedUploads, batchId } = initializeUploads(prepared);
+        const { apiIds, libraryUploads } = splitTrackedUploadsByType(trackedUploads);
+
+        await processApiUploads(
+            prepared,
+            apiIds,
+            datasets,
+            trackedUploads,
+            batchId,
+            directCollectionCreation,
+            onProgress,
+        );
+        await processLibraryUploads(libraryUploads, historyId, datasets, batchId);
+
+        if (batchId && prepared.collectionConfig && !directCollectionCreation) {
+            await uploadBatchOperations.createCollection(batchId);
+        }
+
+        return datasets;
+    }
+
+    return { submitPreparedUpload };
+}
diff --git a/client/src/composables/uploadQueue.test.ts b/client/src/composables/uploadQueue.test.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 9fe78f5129f..00000000000
--- a/client/src/composables/uploadQueue.test.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,405 +0,0 @@
-import { suppressExpectedErrorMessages } from "@tests/vitest/helpers";
-import assert from "assert";
-import flushPromises from "flush-promises";
-import { http, HttpResponse } from "msw";
-import { createPinia, setActivePinia } from "pinia";
-import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
-
-import { useServerMock } from "@/api/client/__mocks__";
-import { useUploadState } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState";
-import type { NewUploadItem } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
-
-import { type CollectionConfig, useUploadQueue, validateUploadItem } from "./uploadQueue";
-
-// TUS upload is a non-HTTP protocol — mock it so tests never attempt real TUS connections.
-vi.mock("@/utils/tusUpload", () => ({
-    createTusUpload: vi.fn(),
-    NamedBlob: class {},
-}));
-
-const { server } = useServerMock();
-
-/** Creates a paste-content upload item. */
-function makePastedItem(overrides: Partial<NewUploadItem> = {}): NewUploadItem {
-    return {
-        uploadMode: "paste-content",
-        name: "file.txt",
-        content: "hello world",
-        size: 11,
-        targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
-        dbkey: "?",
-        extension: "auto",
-        spaceToTab: false,
-        toPosixLines: false,
-        deferred: false,
-        ...overrides,
-    } as NewUploadItem;
-}
-
-/** Creates a paste-links (URL) upload item. URL items use direct fetchDatasets — no TUS involved. */
-function makeUrlItem(overrides: Partial<NewUploadItem> = {}): NewUploadItem {
-    return {
-        uploadMode: "paste-links",
-        name: "file.txt",
-        url: "http://example.com/file.txt",
-        size: 0,
-        targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
-        dbkey: "?",
-        extension: "auto",
-        spaceToTab: false,
-        toPosixLines: false,
-        deferred: false,
-        ...overrides,
-    } as NewUploadItem;
-}
-
-/** Creates a remote-files upload item. Same shape as paste-links but with a different uploadMode. */
-function makeRemoteFilesItem(overrides: Partial<NewUploadItem> = {}): NewUploadItem {
-    return {
-        uploadMode: "remote-files",
-        name: "file.txt",
-        url: "ftp://server/file.txt",
-        size: 0,
-        targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
-        dbkey: "?",
-        extension: "auto",
-        spaceToTab: false,
-        toPosixLines: false,
-        deferred: false,
-        ...overrides,
-    } as NewUploadItem;
-}
-
-/** Creates a data-library upload item for testing the two-step collection path. */
-function makeLibraryItem(overrides: Partial<NewUploadItem> = {}): NewUploadItem {
-    return {
-        uploadMode: "data-library",
-        name: "library.txt",
-        size: 0,
-        targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
-        dbkey: "?",
-        extension: "auto",
-        spaceToTab: false,
-        toPosixLines: false,
-        deferred: false,
-        libraryId: "lib_1",
-        folderId: "folder_1",
-        lddaId: "ldda_1",
-        url: "/api/libraries/lib_1/datasets/ldda_1",
-        ...overrides,
-    } as NewUploadItem;
-}
-
-function makeCollectionConfig(overrides: Partial<CollectionConfig> = {}): CollectionConfig {
-    return {
-        name: "My Collection",
-        type: "list",
-        historyId: "hist_1",
-        hideSourceItems: false,
-        ...overrides,
-    };
-}
-
-/** Creates a local-file upload item with a real File object. */
-function makeLocalFileItem(overrides: Partial<NewUploadItem> = {}): NewUploadItem {
-    const file = new File(["content"], "test.txt");
-    return {
-        uploadMode: "local-file",
-        name: "test.txt",
-        size: file.size,
-        targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
-        dbkey: "?",
-        extension: "auto",
-        spaceToTab: false,
-        toPosixLines: false,
-        deferred: false,
-        fileData: file,
-        ...overrides,
-    } as NewUploadItem;
-}
-
-describe("validateUploadItem", () => {
-    it.each([
-        ["paste-content", makePastedItem()],
-        ["paste-links", makeUrlItem()],
-        ["remote-files", makeRemoteFilesItem()],
-        ["data-library", makeLibraryItem()],
-        ["local-file", makeLocalFileItem()],
-    ] as [string, NewUploadItem][])("accepts a valid %s item", (_mode, item) => {
-        expect(validateUploadItem(item)).toBeUndefined();
-    });
-
-    it("rejects paste-content with empty content", () => {
-        const item = makePastedItem({ content: "   " });
-        expect(validateUploadItem(item)).toMatch(/No content provided/);
-    });
-
-    it("rejects paste-links with missing URL", () => {
-        expect(validateUploadItem(makeUrlItem({ url: "" }))).toMatch(/No URL provided/);
-    });
-
-    it("rejects remote-files with missing URL", () => {
-        expect(validateUploadItem(makeRemoteFilesItem({ url: "  " }))).toMatch(/No URL provided/);
-    });
-
-    it("rejects data-library with no lddaId", () => {
-        expect(validateUploadItem(makeLibraryItem({ lddaId: "" }))).toMatch(/No library dataset ID/);
-    });
-
-    it("rejects local-file with no file data", () => {
-        const item: NewUploadItem = {
-            uploadMode: "local-file",
-            name: "missing.txt",
-            size: 0,
-            targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
-            dbkey: "?",
-            extension: "auto",
-            spaceToTab: false,
-            toPosixLines: false,
-            deferred: false,
-        };
-        expect(validateUploadItem(item)).toMatch(/No file selected/);
-    });
-
-    it("rejects local-file with an empty file", () => {
-        const emptyFile = new File([], "empty.txt");
-        const item: NewUploadItem = {
-            uploadMode: "local-file",
-            name: "empty.txt",
-            size: 0,
-            targetHistoryId: "hist_1",
-            dbkey: "?",
-            extension: "auto",
-            spaceToTab: false,
-            toPosixLines: false,
-            deferred: false,
-            fileData: emptyFile,
-        };
-        expect(validateUploadItem(item)).toMatch(/is empty/);
-    });
-
-    it("rejects an unknown upload mode", () => {
-        const item = { ...makePastedItem(), uploadMode: "unknown-mode" } as unknown as NewUploadItem;
-        expect(validateUploadItem(item)).toMatch(/Unknown upload mode/);
-    });
-});
-
-describe("useUploadQueue", () => {
-    let queue: ReturnType<typeof useUploadQueue>;
-
-    beforeEach(() => {
-        // Fresh Pinia instance for each test to prevent cross-test store state.
-        setActivePinia(createPinia());
-        // Reset the shared upload state singleton before creating a new queue.
-        useUploadState().clearAll();
-        // Each call creates fresh local queue/batch state and re-runs recoverIncompleteBatches.
-        queue = useUploadQueue();
-    });
-
-    afterEach(() => {
-        vi.restoreAllMocks();
-    });
-
-    describe("enqueue — single item", () => {
-        it("marks the item as completed after a successful upload", async () => {
-            server.use(http.post("/api/tools/fetch", () => HttpResponse.json({})));
-
-            const [id] = queue.enqueue([makeUrlItem()]);
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            expect(queue.state.activeItems.value.find((i) => i.id === id)?.status).toBe("completed");
-        });
-
-        it("all items reach completed status when multiple items are enqueued", async () => {
-            server.use(http.post("/api/tools/fetch", () => HttpResponse.json({})));
-
-            const ids = queue.enqueue([
-                makeUrlItem({ name: "a.txt" }),
-                makeUrlItem({ name: "b.txt" }),
-                makeUrlItem({ name: "c.txt" }),
-            ]);
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            for (const id of ids) {
-                expect(queue.state.activeItems.value.find((i) => i.id === id)?.status).toBe("completed");
-            }
-        });
-
-        it("marks the item as error when the upload endpoint returns an error", async () => {
-            server.use(
-                http.post("/api/tools/fetch", () =>
-                    HttpResponse.json({ err_msg: "Server unavailable" }, { status: 500 }),
-                ),
-            );
-
-            const [id] = queue.enqueue([makeUrlItem()]);
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            const item = queue.state.activeItems.value.find((i) => i.id === id);
-            expect(item?.status).toBe("error");
-            expect(item?.error).toBeTruthy();
-        });
-
-        it("marks item as error when enqueued with invalid content (no server call needed)", async () => {
-            const [id] = queue.enqueue([makePastedItem({ content: "   " })]);
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            const item = queue.state.activeItems.value.find((i) => i.id === id);
-            expect(item?.status).toBe("error");
-            expect(item?.error).toMatch(/No content provided/);
-        });
-    });
-
-    describe("enqueue — direct collection batch", () => {
-        it("marks the batch as completed after a successful collection upload", async () => {
-            server.use(http.post("/api/tools/fetch", () => HttpResponse.json({})));
-
-            queue.enqueue([makeUrlItem({ name: "a.txt" }), makeUrlItem({ name: "b.txt" })], makeCollectionConfig());
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            const batch = queue.state.activeBatches.value[0];
-            expect(batch?.status).toBe("completed");
-        });
-
-        it("marks the batch as error when the upload endpoint fails", async () => {
-            suppressExpectedErrorMessages(["Upload failed"]);
-            server.use(
-                http.post("/api/tools/fetch", () => HttpResponse.json({ err_msg: "Upload failed" }, { status: 500 })),
-            );
-
-            queue.enqueue([makeUrlItem()], makeCollectionConfig());
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            const batch = queue.state.activeBatches.value[0];
-            expect(batch?.status).toBe("error");
-        });
-    });
-
-    // ── Two-step collection batch (data-library items) ───────────────────────
-    //
-    // data-library items cannot use direct HDCA creation (they use copyDataset instead
-    // of /api/tools/fetch). Each item is uploaded individually; after all items complete,
-    // the collection is created via POST /api/dataset_collections.
-
-    describe("enqueue — two-step collection batch (data-library)", () => {
-        it("creates the collection after all library items are successfully copied", async () => {
-            server.use(
-                http.post("/api/histories/:historyId/contents/:type", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "ds_lib_1" })),
-                http.post("/api/dataset_collections", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "col_1" })),
-            );
-
-            queue.enqueue([makeLibraryItem()], makeCollectionConfig());
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            const batch = queue.state.activeBatches.value[0];
-            expect(batch?.status).toBe("completed");
-            expect(batch?.collectionId).toBe("col_1");
-        });
-
-        it("marks the batch as error when collection creation fails after successful uploads", async () => {
-            suppressExpectedErrorMessages(["Collection creation failed:", "Collection error"]);
-            server.use(
-                http.post("/api/histories/:historyId/contents/:type", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "ds_lib_1" })),
-                http.post("/api/dataset_collections", () =>
-                    HttpResponse.json({ err_msg: "Collection error" }, { status: 500 }),
-                ),
-            );
-
-            queue.enqueue([makeLibraryItem()], makeCollectionConfig());
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            const batch = queue.state.activeBatches.value[0];
-            expect(batch?.status).toBe("error");
-            expect(batch?.collectionId).toBeUndefined();
-        });
-    });
-
-    describe("retryCollectionCreation", () => {
-        it("re-attempts collection creation and resolves the batch after a previous failure", async () => {
-            suppressExpectedErrorMessages(["Collection creation failed:", "Temporary error"]);
-
-            // Phase 1: uploads succeed, collection creation fails.
-            server.use(
-                http.post("/api/histories/:historyId/contents/:type", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "ds_lib_1" })),
-                http.post("/api/dataset_collections", () =>
-                    HttpResponse.json({ err_msg: "Temporary error" }, { status: 500 }),
-                ),
-            );
-
-            queue.enqueue([makeLibraryItem()], makeCollectionConfig());
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            const batchId = queue.state.activeBatches.value[0]?.id;
-            assert(batchId, "Expected a batch to be created");
-            expect(queue.state.getBatch(batchId)?.status).toBe("error");
-
-            // Phase 2: collection creation now succeeds.
-            server.use(http.post("/api/dataset_collections", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "col_retried" })));
-
-            await queue.retryCollectionCreation(batchId);
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            expect(queue.state.getBatch(batchId)?.status).toBe("completed");
-            expect(queue.state.getBatch(batchId)?.collectionId).toBe("col_retried");
-        });
-    });
-
-    describe("clearCompleted", () => {
-        it("removes completed uploads from state", async () => {
-            server.use(http.post("/api/tools/fetch", () => HttpResponse.json({})));
-
-            const [completedId] = queue.enqueue([makeUrlItem()]);
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            expect(queue.state.activeItems.value.find((i) => i.id === completedId)?.status).toBe("completed");
-
-            queue.clearCompleted();
-
-            expect(queue.state.activeItems.value.find((i) => i.id === completedId)).toBeUndefined();
-        });
-    });
-
-    describe("clearAll", () => {
-        it("empties all items, batches, and internal queue state", async () => {
-            server.use(http.post("/api/tools/fetch", () => HttpResponse.json({})));
-
-            queue.enqueue([makeUrlItem(), makeUrlItem()], makeCollectionConfig());
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            queue.clearAll();
-
-            expect(queue.state.activeItems.value).toHaveLength(0);
-            expect(queue.state.activeBatches.value).toHaveLength(0);
-        });
-    });
-
-    // On initialization, the queue checks for two-step batches where uploads completed
-    // in a previous session but collection creation did not finish (e.g. page was refreshed).
-    describe("recoverIncompleteBatches", () => {
-        it("automatically creates the collection for a two-step batch with completed uploads and dataset IDs", async () => {
-            const uploadState = useUploadState();
-
-            // Simulate state left from a previous browser session:
-            // one completed upload item and a pending two-step batch with a dataset ID.
-            const itemId = uploadState.addUploadItem(makeUrlItem({ name: "recovered.txt" }));
-            uploadState.setStatus(itemId, "uploading");
-            uploadState.updateProgress(itemId, 100); // auto-marks as completed
-
-            const batchId = uploadState.addBatch(
-                { name: "Recovery Collection", type: "list", hideSourceItems: false, historyId: "hist_1" },
-                [itemId],
-                false, // not directCreation — qualifies for recovery
-            );
-            uploadState.addBatchDatasetId(batchId, "ds_recovered");
-
-            server.use(http.post("/api/dataset_collections", () => HttpResponse.json({ id: "col_recovered" })));
-
-            // Creating a new queue instance triggers recoverIncompleteBatches.
-            const recoveryQueue = useUploadQueue();
-            await flushPromises();
-
-            expect(recoveryQueue.state.getBatch(batchId)?.collectionId).toBe("col_recovered");
-            expect(recoveryQueue.state.getBatch(batchId)?.status).toBe("completed");
-        });
-    });
-});
diff --git a/client/src/composables/uploadQueue.ts b/client/src/composables/uploadQueue.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 5bf317cab8c..00000000000
--- a/client/src/composables/uploadQueue.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,825 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Upload queue composable for managing dataset uploads to Galaxy.
- *
- * This composable provides a queue-based upload system that:
- * - Converts UI upload items to API-ready format
- * - Processes uploads sequentially with progress tracking
- * - Persists upload state for UI monitoring
- * - Creates dataset collections after successful batch uploads
- */
-import type { CollectionElementIdentifiers } from "@/api";
-import { createHistoryDatasetCollectionInstanceFull } from "@/api/datasetCollections";
-import { copyDataset } from "@/api/datasets";
-import type { FetchDataResponse } from "@/api/tools";
-import {
-    COMMON_FILTERS,
-    DEFAULT_FILTER,
-    guessInitialFilterType,
-    guessNameForPair,
-} from "@/components/Collections/pairing";
-import { useUploadState } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/uploadState";
-import type { CollectionCreationInput, SupportedCollectionType } from "@/composables/upload/collectionTypes";
-import type { CompositeFileUploadItem, NewUploadItem } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
-import { useHistoryStore } from "@/stores/historyStore";
-import { getHistoryUploadActionErrorMessage, getHistoryUploadBlockReason } from "@/utils/historyUpload";
-import { errorMessageAsString } from "@/utils/simple-error";
-import {
-    createFileUploadItem,
-    createPastedUploadItem,
-    createUrlUploadItem,
-    toApiUploadItem,
-    uploadCollectionDatasets,
-    uploadDatasets,
-} from "@/utils/upload";
-
-/**
- * Collection configuration for batch uploads that will be combined
- * into a collection after uploads complete.
- */
-export interface CollectionConfig extends CollectionCreationInput {
-    /** Whether to hide source datasets after collection creation */
-    hideSourceItems: boolean;
-    /** Target history ID where the collection will be created */
-    historyId: string;
-}
-
-/**
- * Represents a batch of uploads that will be combined into a dataset collection
- * after all uploads complete successfully.
- */
-interface CollectionBatch {
-    /** Batch ID used in the persisted upload state */
-    batchId: string;
-    /** Upload item IDs belonging to this batch */
-    ids: string[];
-    /** Original upload items (needed for building collection elements) */
-    items: NewUploadItem[];
-    /** Dataset IDs collected from successful upload responses */
-    datasetIds: string[];
-    /** Collection configuration specifying name, type, target history, and options */
-    collectionConfig: CollectionConfig;
-}
-
-/**
- * Builds collection element identifiers based on collection type.
- * Uses the shared pairing abstractions from @/components/Collections/pairing for
- * pair name extraction (synchronized with the backend via auto_pairing_spec.yml).
- *
- * @param items - Upload items with dataset IDs
- * @param datasetIds - Array of created dataset IDs (in upload order)
- * @param collectionType - Type of collection to create
- * @returns Collection element identifiers ready for API
- */
-function buildCollectionElements(
-    items: NewUploadItem[],
-    datasetIds: string[],
-    collectionType: SupportedCollectionType,
-): CollectionElementIdentifiers {
-    if (collectionType === "list") {
-        // Simple list: one element per dataset
-        return items.map((item, index) => ({
-            name: item.name || `element_${index + 1}`,
-            src: "hda" as const,
-            id: datasetIds[index],
-        }));
-    } else {
-        // List of pairs: group consecutive files into pairs
-        const pairs: CollectionElementIdentifiers = [];
-        const usedNames = new Set<string>();
-
-        // Use the shared filter detection to determine forward/reverse naming convention
-        const filterType = guessInitialFilterType(items) ?? DEFAULT_FILTER;
-        const [forwardFilter, reverseFilter] = COMMON_FILTERS[filterType];
-
-        for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i += 2) {
-            if (i + 1 >= items.length) {
-                // Odd number of files - skip last one or handle as error
-                console.warn(`Skipping unpaired file at index ${i}: ${items[i]?.name}`);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            const item1 = items[i];
-            const item2 = items[i + 1];
-
-            if (!item1 || !item2) {
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            const basePairName =
-                guessNameForPair(item1, item2, forwardFilter, reverseFilter, true) || `pair_${Math.floor(i / 2) + 1}`;
-            let pairName = basePairName;
-
-            // Ensure unique pair names by adding suffix if needed
-            let counter = 1;
-            while (usedNames.has(pairName)) {
-                pairName = `${basePairName}_${counter}`;
-                counter++;
-            }
-            usedNames.add(pairName);
-
-            pairs.push({
-                collection_type: "paired",
-                src: "new_collection" as const,
-                name: pairName,
-                element_identifiers: [
-                    {
-                        name: "forward",
-                        src: "hda" as const,
-                        id: datasetIds[i],
-                    },
-                    {
-                        name: "reverse",
-                        src: "hda" as const,
-                        id: datasetIds[i + 1],
-                    },
-                ],
-            });
-        }
-
-        return pairs;
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * Validates a UI upload item before conversion.
- * Returns an error message if invalid, undefined if valid.
- *
- * @param item - The upload item to validate
- * @returns Error message if invalid, undefined if valid
- */
-export function validateUploadItem(item: NewUploadItem): string | undefined {
-    switch (item.uploadMode) {
-        case "local-file":
-            if (!item.fileData) {
-                return `No file selected for "${item.name}"`;
-            }
-            if (item.fileData.size === 0) {
-                return `File "${item.name}" is empty`;
-            }
-            break;
-
-        case "paste-content":
-            if (!item.content || item.content.trim().length === 0) {
-                return `No content provided for "${item.name}"`;
-            }
-            break;
-
-        case "paste-links":
-        case "remote-files":
-            if (!item.url || item.url.trim().length === 0) {
-                return `No URL provided for "${item.name}"`;
-            }
-            break;
-
-        case "data-library":
-            if (!item.lddaId) {
-                return `No library dataset ID provided for "${item.name}"`;
-            }
-            break;
-
-        case "composite-file": {
-            if (!item.extension || item.extension === "auto") {
-                return `No composite type selected for "${item.name}"`;
-            }
-            for (const slot of item.slots) {
-                if (slot.optional) {
-                    continue;
-                }
-                const isEmpty =
-                    (slot.src === "files" && !slot.file) ||
-                    (slot.src === "url" && !slot.url?.trim()) ||
-                    (slot.src === "paste" && !slot.content?.trim());
-                if (isEmpty) {
-                    return `Required slot "${slot.slotName}" has no content for "${item.name}"`;
-                }
-            }
-            break;
-        }
-
-        default:
-            return `Unknown upload mode: ${(item as NewUploadItem).uploadMode}`;
-    }
-    return undefined;
-}
-
-/**
- * Composable for managing upload queue and processing.
- *
- * Provides methods to enqueue different types of uploads and track their progress.
- * Uses the shared upload state for persistence and UI updates.
- * Supports automatic collection creation after batch uploads.
- *
- * @example
- * ```typescript
- * const uploadQueue = useUploadQueue();
- *
- * // Enqueue files for upload
- * const ids = uploadQueue.enqueue([
- *   { uploadMode: "local-file", fileData: file, ... },
- *   { uploadMode: "paste-links", url: "http://...", ... },
- * ]);
- *
- * // Clear completed uploads
- * uploadQueue.clearCompleted();
- * ```
- */
-export function useUploadQueue() {
-    const uploadState = useUploadState();
-    const historyStore = useHistoryStore();
-    const queue: string[] = [];
-    const batches: CollectionBatch[] = [];
-    let processing = false;
-
-    /**
-     * Helper to find an upload item by ID from the active items.
-     */
-    function findUploadItem(id: string) {
-        return uploadState.activeItems.value.find((i) => i.id === id);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a dataset collection from uploaded datasets.
-     *
-     * @param batchId - Batch ID in upload state
-     */
-    async function createCollection(batchId: string): Promise<void> {
-        const batchState = uploadState.getBatch(batchId);
-        if (!batchState) {
-            console.error(`Batch not found: ${batchId}`);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Check if collection already created (avoid duplicates on retry)
-        if (batchState.collectionId) {
-            console.log(`Collection already created for batch ${batchId}: ${batchState.collectionId}`);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        const { name, type, hideSourceItems, historyId, datasetIds } = batchState;
-
-        // Check if we have dataset IDs (either from persisted state or internal batch)
-        if (!datasetIds || datasetIds.length === 0) {
-            const errorMsg = "No dataset IDs available for collection creation";
-            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Get upload items to build collection elements
-        // Try internal batch first (has full item data), fall back to state
-        const batch = batches.find((b) => b.batchId === batchId);
-        const items =
-            batch?.items ||
-            batchState.uploadIds
-                .map((id) => findUploadItem(id))
-                .filter((item): item is NonNullable<typeof item> => item !== undefined);
-
-        if (items.length === 0) {
-            const errorMsg = "No upload items available for collection creation";
-            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Validate items have required data
-        if (items.length !== batchState.uploadIds.length) {
-            const errorMsg = `Cannot create collection: only ${items.length} of ${batchState.uploadIds.length} upload items found. This can happen after a page refresh. Please re-upload the files or manually create the collection.`;
-            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "creating-collection");
-
-        try {
-            // Build element identifiers based on collection type
-            const elementIdentifiers = buildCollectionElements(items, datasetIds, type);
-
-            if (elementIdentifiers.length === 0) {
-                throw new Error("No valid collection elements to create");
-            }
-
-            // Create collection using the API
-            const response = await createHistoryDatasetCollectionInstanceFull({
-                name,
-                collection_type: type,
-                element_identifiers: elementIdentifiers,
-                history_id: historyId,
-                hide_source_items: hideSourceItems,
-                instance_type: "history",
-                copy_elements: true,
-                fields: "auto",
-            });
-
-            uploadState.setBatchCollectionId(batchId, response.id);
-            uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "completed");
-
-            console.log(`Successfully created ${type} collection: ${name} (${response.id})`);
-        } catch (err) {
-            // Collection creation failed - datasets are still uploaded
-            const errorMsg = errorMessageAsString(err);
-            console.error("Collection creation failed:", errorMsg);
-
-            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
-
-            // Mark all batch items with error message (non-fatal)
-            const batchForError = uploadState.getBatch(batchId);
-            batchForError?.uploadIds.forEach((id) => {
-                const item = findUploadItem(id);
-                if (item && !item.error) {
-                    item.error = `Uploaded successfully, but collection creation failed`;
-                }
-            });
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Retries collection creation for a failed batch.
-     * @param batchId - Batch ID to retry
-     */
-    async function retryCollectionCreation(batchId: string): Promise<void> {
-        const batch = uploadState.getBatch(batchId);
-        if (!batch) {
-            console.error(`Batch not found: ${batchId}`);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Reset error state
-        batch.error = undefined;
-        uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "uploading");
-
-        // Clear error messages from individual upload items
-        batch.uploadIds.forEach((id) => {
-            const item = findUploadItem(id);
-            if (item?.error?.includes("collection creation failed")) {
-                item.error = undefined;
-            }
-        });
-
-        try {
-            await createCollection(batchId);
-        } catch (err) {
-            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, `Retry failed: ${errorMessageAsString(err)}`);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Stores a dataset ID in both the internal batch and persisted state.
-     *
-     * @param batch - Internal batch tracking object
-     * @param datasetId - Dataset ID to store
-     */
-    function collectDatasetId(batch: CollectionBatch | undefined, datasetId: string) {
-        if (batch) {
-            batch.datasetIds.push(datasetId);
-            uploadState.addBatchDatasetId(batch.batchId, datasetId);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Checks if all uploads in a batch have completed (success or error).
-     *
-     * @param batch - Internal batch tracking object
-     * @returns True if all uploads are complete
-     */
-    function isBatchComplete(batch: CollectionBatch): boolean {
-        return batch.ids.every((uploadId) => {
-            const item = findUploadItem(uploadId);
-            return item?.status === "completed" || item?.status === "error";
-        });
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Checks batch completion status and triggers collection creation if ready.
-     *
-     * @param batch - Internal batch tracking object
-     */
-    async function checkAndCompleteBatch(batch?: CollectionBatch): Promise<void> {
-        if (!batch) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        if (isBatchComplete(batch)) {
-            await createCollection(batch.batchId).catch((err) => {
-                uploadState.setBatchError(batch.batchId, errorMessageAsString(err));
-            });
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Determines if a collection batch should use direct HDCA creation.
-     * Returns false for batches containing data-library items (which need the two-step approach
-     * since they use copyDataset instead of /api/tools/fetch).
-     */
-    function canUseDirectCollection(batch: CollectionBatch): boolean {
-        return batch.items.every((item) => item.uploadMode !== "data-library");
-    }
-
-    async function validateTargetHistory(targetHistoryId: string): Promise<string | null> {
-        let history = historyStore.getHistoryById(targetHistoryId, false) ?? null;
-        if (!history) {
-            await historyStore.loadHistoryById(targetHistoryId);
-            history = historyStore.getHistoryById(targetHistoryId, false) ?? null;
-        }
-
-        // If history still cannot be resolved, treat as no validation error here
-        // (downstream upload logic will surface appropriate API errors if needed)
-        if (!history) {
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        const blockReason = getHistoryUploadBlockReason(history);
-        return blockReason ? getHistoryUploadActionErrorMessage(blockReason) : null;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Processes an entire collection batch as a single HDCA upload.
-     * All items are uploaded together in one /api/tools/fetch request with
-     * destination { type: "hdca" }, creating the collection atomically.
-     */
-    async function processCollectionBatch(batch: CollectionBatch): Promise<void> {
-        const { batchId, items, collectionConfig } = batch;
-
-        // Mark all items as uploading
-        batch.ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.setStatus(id, "uploading"));
-        uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "uploading");
-
-        try {
-            const historyError = await validateTargetHistory(collectionConfig.historyId);
-            if (historyError) {
-                throw new Error(historyError);
-            }
-
-            // Validate all items first
-            for (const item of items) {
-                const validationError = validateUploadItem(item);
-                if (validationError) {
-                    throw new Error(validationError);
-                }
-            }
-
-            // Convert all UI items to API items
-            const apiItems = items.map((item) => toApiUploadItem(item));
-
-            await uploadCollectionDatasets(
-                apiItems,
-                {
-                    collectionName: collectionConfig.name,
-                    collectionType: collectionConfig.type,
-                },
-                {
-                    progress: (percentage) => {
-                        batch.ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.updateProgress(id, percentage));
-                    },
-                    success: (_response: FetchDataResponse) => {
-                        batch.ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.updateProgress(id, 100));
-                        uploadState.updateBatchStatus(batchId, "completed");
-                    },
-                    error: (err) => {
-                        const errorMsg = errorMessageAsString(err);
-                        batch.ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.setError(id, errorMsg));
-                        uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
-                    },
-                },
-            );
-        } catch (err) {
-            const errorMsg = errorMessageAsString(err);
-            batch.ids.forEach((id) => uploadState.setError(id, errorMsg));
-            uploadState.setBatchError(batchId, errorMsg);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Processes a library dataset upload by importing it to the target history.
-     *
-     * @param id - Upload item ID
-     * @param item - Upload item with library dataset details
-     * @param batch - Internal batch tracking object (if part of a batch)
-     */
-    async function processLibraryDatasetUpload(
-        id: string,
-        item: NewUploadItem,
-        batch?: CollectionBatch,
-    ): Promise<void> {
-        if (item.uploadMode !== "data-library") {
-            throw new Error("Invalid upload mode for library dataset upload");
-        }
-
-        uploadState.updateProgress(id, 50);
-
-        // Import library dataset to history
-        const response = await copyDataset(item.lddaId, item.targetHistoryId, "dataset", "library");
-
-        uploadState.updateProgress(id, 100);
-
-        // Collect dataset ID for collection creation
-        // Response is an HDA (HistoryDatasetAssociation) which has an id field
-        if (response && "id" in response && response.id) {
-            collectDatasetId(batch, response.id);
-        }
-
-        // Check if batch is ready for collection creation
-        await checkAndCompleteBatch(batch);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Processes a composite upload by converting each slot into an ApiUploadItem
-     * and submitting them together as a single composite dataset.
-     *
-     * @param id - Upload item ID
-     * @param item - CompositeFileUploadItem with all slot data
-     */
-    async function processCompositeFileUpload(id: string, item: CompositeFileUploadItem): Promise<void> {
-        const baseOptions = {
-            dbkey: item.dbkey,
-            ext: item.extension,
-            space_to_tab: item.spaceToTab,
-            to_posix_lines: item.toPosixLines,
-            deferred: false,
-        };
-        // Build one ApiUploadItem per slot, all sharing the dataset-level ext/dbkey/name
-        const slotApiItems = item.slots
-            .filter((slot) => slot.src !== "files" || !!slot.file) // skip empty optional local-file slots
-            .map((slot) => {
-                const slotOptions = {
-                    name: slot.slotName,
-                    ...baseOptions,
-                };
-
-                if (slot.src === "files") {
-                    return createFileUploadItem(slot.file!, item.targetHistoryId, {
-                        ...slotOptions,
-                        size: slot.file!.size,
-                    });
-                } else if (slot.src === "url") {
-                    return createUrlUploadItem(slot.url!, item.targetHistoryId, {
-                        ...slotOptions,
-                        size: 0,
-                    });
-                } else {
-                    return createPastedUploadItem(slot.content ?? "", item.targetHistoryId, {
-                        ...slotOptions,
-                        size: (slot.content ?? "").length,
-                    });
-                }
-            });
-
-        await uploadDatasets(slotApiItems, {
-            composite: true,
-            compositeName: item.name,
-            progress: (percentage) => uploadState.updateProgress(id, percentage),
-            success: () => {
-                uploadState.updateProgress(id, 100);
-            },
-            error: (err) => {
-                uploadState.setError(id, errorMessageAsString(err));
-            },
-        });
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Processes a regular upload (file, URL, or pasted content) via the upload API.
-     *
-     * @param id - Upload item ID
-     * @param item - Upload item to process
-     * @param batch - Internal batch tracking object (if part of a batch)
-     */
-    async function processRegularUpload(id: string, item: NewUploadItem, batch?: CollectionBatch): Promise<void> {
-        const uploadItem = toApiUploadItem(item);
-
-        await uploadDatasets([uploadItem], {
-            progress: (percentage) => uploadState.updateProgress(id, percentage),
-            success: (response: FetchDataResponse) => {
-                uploadState.updateProgress(id, 100);
-
-                // Collect dataset IDs for collection creation
-                if (batch && response.outputs) {
-                    // The outputs field is Record<string, unknown> but is actually an array of dataset objects
-                    const outputs = response.outputs as unknown as Array<{
-                        id: string;
-                        hid?: number;
-                        name?: string;
-                    }>;
-                    const datasetId = outputs[0]?.id;
-                    if (datasetId) {
-                        collectDatasetId(batch, datasetId);
-                    }
-
-                    // Check if batch is ready for collection creation
-                    checkAndCompleteBatch(batch);
-                }
-            },
-            error: (err) => {
-                uploadState.setError(id, errorMessageAsString(err));
-            },
-        });
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Processes the next upload in the queue.
-     * Orchestrates upload execution by delegating to specialized handlers.
-     *
-     * When the next item belongs to a collection batch that can use direct
-     * HDCA creation, all items in the batch are processed together in a
-     * single /api/tools/fetch request instead of one-by-one.
-     */
-    async function processNext(): Promise<void> {
-        if (processing || queue.length === 0) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        const id = queue[0]!; // Peek, don't remove yet
-        const item = findUploadItem(id);
-
-        if (!item) {
-            queue.shift();
-            // Item was removed from state (e.g., user cleared it), skip to next
-            return processNext();
-        }
-
-        // Check if this item belongs to a collection batch that can use direct creation
-        const batch = batches.find((b) => b.ids.includes(id));
-        if (batch && canUseDirectCollection(batch)) {
-            // Remove all batch items from queue at once
-            for (const batchItemId of batch.ids) {
-                const idx = queue.indexOf(batchItemId);
-                if (idx !== -1) {
-                    queue.splice(idx, 1);
-                }
-            }
-
-            processing = true;
-            try {
-                await processCollectionBatch(batch);
-            } finally {
-                processing = false;
-                processNext();
-            }
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Single-item processing (non-collection or data-library fallback)
-        queue.shift();
-        processing = true;
-        uploadState.setStatus(id, "uploading");
-
-        try {
-            const historyError = await validateTargetHistory(item.targetHistoryId);
-            if (historyError) {
-                throw new Error(historyError);
-            }
-
-            // Pre-validate before attempting upload
-            const validationError = validateUploadItem(item);
-            if (validationError) {
-                throw new Error(validationError);
-            }
-
-            // Delegate to appropriate upload handler based on upload mode
-            if (item.uploadMode === "data-library") {
-                await processLibraryDatasetUpload(id, item, batch);
-            } else if (item.uploadMode === "composite-file") {
-                await processCompositeFileUpload(id, item);
-            } else {
-                await processRegularUpload(id, item, batch);
-            }
-        } catch (err) {
-            // This catches validation errors and any unexpected errors
-            uploadState.setError(id, errorMessageAsString(err));
-        } finally {
-            processing = false;
-            processNext();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Enqueues items and starts processing.
-     *
-     * @param items - Array of upload items to enqueue
-     * @param collectionConfig - Optional collection configuration for creating a collection from uploaded datasets
-     * @returns Array of upload IDs for tracking
-     */
-    function enqueue(items: NewUploadItem[], collectionConfig?: CollectionConfig): string[] {
-        // Determine if this batch can use direct HDCA creation
-        const isDirectCreation =
-            collectionConfig !== undefined && items.every((item) => item.uploadMode !== "data-library");
-
-        // Create batch first if collection config provided
-        const batchId = collectionConfig ? uploadState.addBatch(collectionConfig, [], isDirectCreation) : undefined;
-
-        // Add upload items with batch ID
-        const ids = items.map((item) => uploadState.addUploadItem(item, batchId));
-
-        // Update batch with upload IDs and create internal batch for tracking
-        if (batchId) {
-            const batch = uploadState.getBatch(batchId);
-            if (batch) {
-                batch.uploadIds = ids;
-            }
-
-            batches.push({
-                batchId,
-                ids,
-                items,
-                datasetIds: [],
-                collectionConfig: collectionConfig!,
-            });
-        }
-
-        queue.push(...ids);
-        processNext();
-        return ids;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Removes batches that no longer have any active upload items.
-     * Called when uploads are cleared from the state.
-     */
-    function cleanupOrphanedBatches(): void {
-        for (let i = batches.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-            const batch = batches[i]!;
-            const hasActiveUploads = batch.ids.some((id) => findUploadItem(id) !== undefined);
-
-            if (!hasActiveUploads) {
-                batches.splice(i, 1);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Recovers incomplete collection creation on initialization.
-     * Checks for batches where uploads completed but collection wasn't created.
-     *
-     * For direct-creation batches, there's no separate collection creation step
-     * to recover — if the upload was interrupted, the user must re-upload.
-     */
-    function recoverIncompleteBatches(): void {
-        uploadState.activeBatches.value.forEach((batch) => {
-            // Skip if collection already created or batch has errors
-            if (batch.collectionId || batch.status === "error") {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            // Direct-creation batches don't have a separate collection creation step
-            if (batch.directCreation) {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            // Two-step batch recovery (data-library fallback path)
-            // Check if all uploads in batch are completed
-            const allCompleted = batch.uploadIds.every((uploadId) => {
-                const upload = findUploadItem(uploadId);
-                return upload?.status === "completed";
-            });
-
-            // If uploads are complete and we have dataset IDs, try to create the collection
-            if (allCompleted && batch.uploadIds.length > 0 && batch.datasetIds.length > 0) {
-                console.log(`Recovering incomplete batch: ${batch.name}`);
-
-                // Check if we still have the upload items (they might be lost after refresh)
-                const availableItems = batch.uploadIds.filter((uploadId) => findUploadItem(uploadId) !== undefined);
-
-                if (availableItems.length !== batch.uploadIds.length) {
-                    uploadState.setBatchError(
-                        batch.id,
-                        `Collection creation failed: upload data lost after page refresh. Please re-upload the files to create the collection or manually create the collection.`,
-                    );
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                // Attempt to create the collection
-                createCollection(batch.id).catch((err) => {
-                    console.error("Recovery failed:", err);
-                    uploadState.setBatchError(batch.id, "Collection creation interrupted. Please retry manually.");
-                });
-            } else if (allCompleted && batch.uploadIds.length > 0) {
-                // Uploads complete but no dataset IDs (shouldn't happen, but handle gracefully)
-                uploadState.setBatchError(
-                    batch.id,
-                    "Collection creation interrupted and cannot be recovered. Dataset IDs not available. Please create the collection manually.",
-                );
-            }
-        });
-    }
-
-    // Initialize: recover any incomplete batches from previous session
-    recoverIncompleteBatches();
-
-    /** Removes all completed uploads from the state */
-    function clearCompleted(): void {
-        uploadState.clearCompleted();
-        cleanupOrphanedBatches();
-    }
-
-    /** Clears all uploads from the state */
-    function clearAll(): void {
-        uploadState.clearAll();
-        batches.length = 0; // Clear all batches when clearing all uploads
-    }
-
-    return {
-        enqueue,
-        clearCompleted,
-        clearAll,
-        retryCollectionCreation,
-        /** Access to upload state for UI components */
-        state: uploadState,
-    };
-}
diff --git a/client/src/utils/upload.ts b/client/src/utils/upload.ts
index df52f47e8d3..aa1a6fe28d1 100644
--- a/client/src/utils/upload.ts
+++ b/client/src/utils/upload.ts
@@ -52,8 +52,9 @@ import {
     guessInitialFilterType,
     guessNameForPair,
 } from "@/components/Collections/pairing";
+import type { PreparedUpload } from "@/components/Panels/Upload/types";
 import type { UploadRowModel } from "@/components/Upload/model";
-import type { SupportedCollectionType } from "@/composables/upload/collectionTypes";
+import type { SupportedCollectionType, UploadCollectionConfig } from "@/composables/upload/collectionTypes";
 import type { NewUploadItem } from "@/composables/upload/uploadItemTypes";
 import { getAppRoot } from "@/onload/loadConfig";
 import { errorMessageAsString } from "@/utils/simple-error";
@@ -1006,6 +1007,39 @@ export async function uploadDatasets(items: ApiUploadItem[], config: UploadDatas
     }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Determines if an upload item is compatible with the Fetch API (i.e., can be included in the payload).
+ * Items with uploadMode "data-library" are not compatible because they are copied from the data library and require a different handling approach.
+ */
+export function isFetchApiCompatible(item: NewUploadItem): boolean {
+    return item.uploadMode !== "data-library";
+}
+
+/**
+ * Builds a PreparedUpload object from UI upload items.
+ */
+export function buildPreparedUpload(items: NewUploadItem[], collectionConfig?: UploadCollectionConfig): PreparedUpload {
+    return buildPreparedUploadWithOptions(items, collectionConfig);
+}
+
+interface PreparedUploadBuildOptions {
+    apiItems?: ApiUploadItem[];
+    uploadOptions?: PreparedUpload["uploadOptions"];
+}
+
+export function buildPreparedUploadWithOptions(
+    items: NewUploadItem[],
+    collectionConfig?: UploadCollectionConfig,
+    options?: PreparedUploadBuildOptions,
+): PreparedUpload {
+    return {
+        apiItems: options?.apiItems ?? items.filter(isFetchApiCompatible).map((item) => toApiUploadItem(item)),
+        collectionConfig,
+        uploadItems: items,
+        uploadOptions: options?.uploadOptions,
+    };
+}
+
 /**
  * Uploads datasets as a collection directly via a single /api/tools/fetch request.
  * Uses HdcaDataItemsTarget to create the collection atomically during the fetch.