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Fast-Forward vs Non-FF

A fast-forward merge happens when the target branch has no new commits since the feature branch was created, so Git simply moves the branch pointer forward without creating a new commit. A non-fast-forward merge occurs when both branches have diverged, requiring Git to create a dedicated merge commit that ties the two histories together. Developers can force a merge commit even when a fast-forward is possible by using git merge --no-ff, which some teams prefer for a clearer history.

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