fix: add database constraint to enforce minimum username length (#19453)

Username length and format, via regex, are already enforced at the
application layer, but we have some code paths with database queries
where we could optimize away many of the DB query calls if we could be
sure at the database level that the username is never an empty string.

For example: https://github.com/coder/coder/pull/19395

---------

Signed-off-by: Callum Styan <callumstyan@gmail.com>

coderd/database/migrations/000361_username_length_constraint.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+ALTER TABLE users
+DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS users_username_min_length;

coderd/database/migrations/000361_username_length_constraint.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ALTER TABLE users
+ADD CONSTRAINT users_username_min_length
+CHECK (length(username) >= 1);