chore: update golang to 1.24.1 (#17035)

- Update go.mod to use Go 1.24.1
- Update GitHub Actions setup-go action to use Go 1.24.1
- Fix linting issues with golangci-lint by:
  - Updating to golangci-lint v1.57.1 (more compatible with Go 1.24.1)

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude <claude@anthropic.com>

coderd/userauth.go

@@ -1509,7 +1509,8 @@ func (api *API) accessTokenClaims(ctx context.Context, rw http.ResponseWriter, s
 func (api *API) userInfoClaims(ctx context.Context, rw http.ResponseWriter, state httpmw.OAuth2State, logger slog.Logger) (userInfoClaims map[string]interface{}, ok bool) {
 	userInfoClaims = make(map[string]interface{})
 	userInfo, err := api.OIDCConfig.Provider.UserInfo(ctx, oauth2.StaticTokenSource(state.Token))
-	if err == nil {
+	switch {
+	case err == nil:
 		err = userInfo.Claims(&userInfoClaims)
 		if err != nil {
 			logger.Error(ctx, "oauth2: unable to unmarshal user info claims", slog.Error(err))
@@ -1524,14 +1525,14 @@ func (api *API) userInfoClaims(ctx context.Context, rw http.ResponseWriter, stat
 			slog.F("claim_fields", claimFields(userInfoClaims)),
 			slog.F("blank", blankFields(userInfoClaims)),
 		)
-	} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "user info endpoint is not supported by this provider") {
+	case !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "user info endpoint is not supported by this provider"):
 		logger.Error(ctx, "oauth2: unable to obtain user information claims", slog.Error(err))
 		httpapi.Write(ctx, rw, http.StatusInternalServerError, codersdk.Response{
 			Message: "Failed to obtain user information claims.",
 			Detail:  "The attempt to fetch claims via the UserInfo endpoint failed: " + err.Error(),
 		})
 		return nil, false
-	} else {
+	default:
 		// The OIDC provider does not support the UserInfo endpoint.
 		// This is not an error, but we should log it as it may mean
 		// that some claims are missing.