chore: update golang to 1.24.1 (#17035)

- Update go.mod to use Go 1.24.1
- Update GitHub Actions setup-go action to use Go 1.24.1
- Fix linting issues with golangci-lint by:
  - Updating to golangci-lint v1.57.1 (more compatible with Go 1.24.1)

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude <claude@anthropic.com>

coderd/database/lock.go

@@ -18,5 +18,6 @@ const (
 func GenLockID(name string) int64 {
 	hash := fnv.New64()
 	_, _ = hash.Write([]byte(name))
+	// #nosec G115 - Safe conversion as FNV hash should be treated as random value and both uint64/int64 have the same range of unique values
 	return int64(hash.Sum64())
 }