diff --git a/packages/core/src/agents/local-providers/grok.ts b/packages/core/src/agents/local-providers/grok.ts
index b51822b6..53f903a5 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/agents/local-providers/grok.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/agents/local-providers/grok.ts
@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ const grokDefaultOidcIssuer = "https://auth.x.ai";
 const grokOauthDefaultTimeoutMs = 8_000;
 const grokFallbackClientVersion = "0.2.93";
 
+const grokRefreshInFlight = new Map<string, Promise<GrokTokenSet>>();
+
 const grokBillingResetPaths = [
   "$.billingPeriodEnd",
   "$.currentPeriod.end",
@@ -182,7 +184,7 @@ const grokBillingMapping: ProviderAccountMappingConfig = {
   ]
 };
 
-export class GrokRefreshAuthError extends Error {
+class GrokRefreshAuthError extends Error {
   readonly status: number;
 
   constructor(status: number, message: string) {
@@ -265,11 +267,25 @@ export async function resolveGrokAuth(): Promise<GrokTokenSet | undefined> {
   if (!auth?.refreshToken || (auth.accessToken && !grokAccessTokenExpired(auth))) {
     return auth;
   }
-  try {
-    return await refreshGrokAuth(auth);
-  } catch (error) {
-    return adoptPeerRotatedGrokAuth(auth, error);
+  // Coalesce concurrent refreshes of the same credential: the refresh token
+  // rotates on every refresh, so every in-process caller must share a single
+  // refresh attempt (and its peer-rotation adoption outcome) instead of
+  // submitting the same stale token in parallel.
+  const key = `${auth.sourceFile}::${auth.authRecordKey ?? ""}`;
+  let refresh = grokRefreshInFlight.get(key);
+  if (!refresh) {
+    refresh = (async () => {
+      try {
+        return await refreshGrokAuth(auth);
+      } catch (error) {
+        return adoptPeerRotatedGrokAuth(auth, error);
+      }
+    })().finally(() => {
+      grokRefreshInFlight.delete(key);
+    });
+    grokRefreshInFlight.set(key, refresh);
   }
+  return refresh;
 }
 
 function adoptPeerRotatedGrokAuth(auth: GrokTokenSet, error: unknown): GrokTokenSet {
diff --git a/packages/core/test/unit/agents/local-agent-provider-grok.test.mjs b/packages/core/test/unit/agents/local-agent-provider-grok.test.mjs
index 607f22e1..0a125331 100644
--- a/packages/core/test/unit/agents/local-agent-provider-grok.test.mjs
+++ b/packages/core/test/unit/agents/local-agent-provider-grok.test.mjs
@@ -403,6 +403,43 @@ test("Grok local provider does not adopt a different account record on refresh 4
   });
 });
 
+test("Grok local provider coalesces concurrent refreshes of the same credential", async (t) => {
+  await withGrokHome(async (grokHome) => {
+    writeGrokAuth(grokHome, {
+      key: "expired-token",
+      refresh_token: "stale-refresh-token",
+      expires_at: "2000-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+      oidc_client_id: "grok-client-id",
+      oidc_issuer: "https://auth.x.ai"
+    });
+    writeGrokModels(grokHome);
+
+    const previousFetch = globalThis.fetch;
+    process.env.GROK_OIDC_TOKEN_ENDPOINT = "http://127.0.0.1/grok/oauth/token";
+    let refreshCalls = 0;
+    globalThis.fetch = async () => {
+      refreshCalls += 1;
+      // Keep the refresh pending so the concurrent callers must share it.
+      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 25));
+      return new Response(JSON.stringify({
+        access_token: "refreshed-grok-access-token",
+        expires_in: 3600,
+        refresh_token: "refreshed-grok-refresh-token"
+      }), { headers: { "content-type": "application/json" }, status: 200 });
+    };
+    t.after(() => {
+      globalThis.fetch = previousFetch;
+    });
+
+    const results = await Promise.all([resolveGrokAuth(), resolveGrokAuth(), resolveGrokAuth()]);
+    assert.equal(refreshCalls, 1);
+    for (const auth of results) {
+      assert.equal(auth.accessToken, "refreshed-grok-access-token");
+      assert.equal(auth.refreshToken, "refreshed-grok-refresh-token");
+    }
+  });
+});
+
 async function withGrokHome(run) {
   const previousGrokHome = process.env.GROK_HOME;
   const previousGrokAuthFile = process.env.GROK_AUTH_FILE;