diff --git a/.github/workflows/lint.yml b/.github/workflows/lint.yml
index ce07aa9cbc..90518bb33c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/lint.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/lint.yml
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ jobs:
             - run: pnpm i
             - name: Install oxlint to SARIF converter
               run: pnpm i -g oxlint-json-to-sarif
+            - name: Typecheck
+              run: pnpm typecheck
             - name: Lint
               run: pnpm exec oxlint --type-aware --config=.oxlintrc.ci.json
                   --format=json | oxlint-json-to-sarif > oxlint-results.sarif
diff --git a/.husky/pre-commit b/.husky/pre-commit
index c27d8893a9..4fe5222fef 100644
--- a/.husky/pre-commit
+++ b/.husky/pre-commit
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 lint-staged
+pnpm typecheck
diff --git a/.oxlintrc.json b/.oxlintrc.json
index 5936fe34c6..43cd83ec49 100644
--- a/.oxlintrc.json
+++ b/.oxlintrc.json
@@ -641,7 +641,17 @@
         // #region --- TypeScript ---
         "@typescript-eslint/array-type": ["error", { "default": "array-simple" }],
 
-        "@typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment": "off",
+        "@typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment": [
+            "warn",
+            {
+                "ts-check": false,
+                "ts-expect-error": "allow-with-description",
+                "ts-ignore": "allow-with-description",
+                "ts-nocheck": "allow-with-description",
+                "minimumDescriptionLength": 3
+            }
+        ],
+
         "@typescript-eslint/consistent-indexed-object-style": "off", // stylistic
         "@typescript-eslint/consistent-type-definitions": "off", // stylistic
         "@typescript-eslint/dot-notation": "error", // type-aware
diff --git a/lib/api/follow/config.test.ts b/lib/api/follow/config.test.ts
index c8da4ffb18..e9279a3fa8 100644
--- a/lib/api/follow/config.test.ts
+++ b/lib/api/follow/config.test.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ describe('api/follow/config', () => {
             json: (data: unknown) => data,
         };
 
-        const result = handler(ctx as any) as Record<string, unknown>;
+        const result = (handler as (c: typeof ctx) => unknown)(ctx) as Record<string, unknown>;
 
         expect(result).toMatchObject({
             ownerUserId: 'owner',
diff --git a/lib/api/radar/rules/one.test.ts b/lib/api/radar/rules/one.test.ts
index e5afe4abb1..37e008b8d5 100644
--- a/lib/api/radar/rules/one.test.ts
+++ b/lib/api/radar/rules/one.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Next } from 'hono';
+import type { Context, Next } from 'hono';
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
 import { handler } from '@/api/radar/rules/one';
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ describe('api/radar/rules/one', () => {
             json: vi.fn((value) => value),
         };
 
-        const result = await handler(ctx as any, noopNext);
+        const result = await handler(ctx as unknown as Context, noopNext);
 
         expect(ctx.req.valid).toHaveBeenCalledWith('param');
         expect(ctx.json).toHaveBeenCalledWith(undefined);
diff --git a/lib/app-bootstrap.test.tsx b/lib/app-bootstrap.test.tsx
index 980c9355ec..099c780d52 100644
--- a/lib/app-bootstrap.test.tsx
+++ b/lib/app-bootstrap.test.tsx
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ describe('app-bootstrap', () => {
         const before = new Set(process.listeners('uncaughtException'));
         await import('@/app-bootstrap');
         const after = process.listeners('uncaughtException');
-        const listener = after.find((fn) => !before.has(fn));
+        const listener = after.find((fn) => !before.has(fn)) as ((error: Error) => void) | undefined;
 
         expect(listener).toBeDefined();
         listener?.(new Error('boom'));
diff --git a/lib/app.test.ts b/lib/app.test.ts
index 935412324d..03ca942bc9 100644
--- a/lib/app.test.ts
+++ b/lib/app.test.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ describe('request-rewriter', () => {
         await app.request('/test/httperror');
 
         // headers
-        const headers: Headers = fetchSpy.mock.lastCall?.[0].headers;
+        const headers: Headers = (fetchSpy.mock.lastCall as unknown as [Request])?.[0].headers;
         expect(headers.get('user-agent')).toMatch(/Chrome/);
     });
 });
diff --git a/lib/container.ts b/lib/container.ts
index f19cd3a997..6d3ddd5ea8 100644
--- a/lib/container.ts
+++ b/lib/container.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // This Worker manages the RSSHub container lifecycle and proxies requests
 
 import { Container } from '@cloudflare/containers';
-import type { KVNamespace } from '@cloudflare/workers-types';
+import type { DurableObjectNamespace, KVNamespace } from '@cloudflare/workers-types';
 
 const INSTANCE_COUNT = 20;
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ export class RSSHubContainer extends Container {
 }
 
 interface Env {
-    RSSHUB_CONTAINER: DurableObjectNamespace<RSSHubContainer>;
+    RSSHUB_CONTAINER: DurableObjectNamespace;
     CONFIG: KVNamespace;
 }
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export default {
 
         // Randomly select an instance for load balancing
         const instanceIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * INSTANCE_COUNT);
-        const container = env.RSSHUB_CONTAINER.getByName(`rsshub-${instanceIndex}`);
+        const container = env.RSSHUB_CONTAINER.getByName(`rsshub-${instanceIndex}`) as unknown as RSSHubContainer;
 
         // Start container with env vars and wait for port to be ready
         await container.startAndWaitForPorts({
diff --git a/lib/errors/index.test.ts b/lib/errors/index.test.ts
index 9e148abec4..73c5dbb821 100644
--- a/lib/errors/index.test.ts
+++ b/lib/errors/index.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
 import app from '@/app';
@@ -147,9 +148,9 @@ describe('error handler honeybadger', () => {
             header: vi.fn(),
             json: (payload: unknown) => payload,
             html: (payload: unknown) => payload,
-        };
+        } as unknown as Context;
 
-        errorHandler(new Error('boom'), ctx as any);
+        errorHandler(new Error('boom'), ctx);
 
         expect(notify).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.any(Error), {
             context: { name: 'test' },
@@ -205,9 +206,9 @@ describe('error handler sentry', () => {
             header: vi.fn(),
             json: (payload: unknown) => payload,
             html: (payload: unknown) => payload,
-        };
+        } as unknown as Context;
 
-        errorHandler(new Error('boom'), ctx as any);
+        errorHandler(new Error('boom'), ctx);
 
         expect(setTag).toHaveBeenCalledWith('name', 'test');
         expect(captureException).toHaveBeenCalled();
diff --git a/lib/index.test.ts b/lib/index.test.ts
index 5f610af975..930df7feee 100644
--- a/lib/index.test.ts
+++ b/lib/index.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
-const serve = vi.fn(() => ({ close: vi.fn() }));
+const serve = vi.fn<(...args: any[]) => any>(() => ({ close: vi.fn() }));
 const logger = {
     info: vi.fn(),
     warn: vi.fn(),
diff --git a/lib/middleware/anti-hotlink.test.ts b/lib/middleware/anti-hotlink.test.ts
index 2470361bc2..cbed73a098 100644
--- a/lib/middleware/anti-hotlink.test.ts
+++ b/lib/middleware/anti-hotlink.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import Parser from 'rss-parser';
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
@@ -451,7 +452,7 @@ describe('anti-hotlink edge cases', () => {
             },
             get: (key: string) => store.get(key),
             set: (key: string, value: unknown) => store.set(key, value),
-        };
+        } as unknown as Context;
     };
 
     beforeAll(() => {
@@ -479,7 +480,7 @@ describe('anti-hotlink edge cases', () => {
         };
         const ctx = createCtx({ image_hotlink_template: 'https://img.test/${href}' }, data);
 
-        await antiHotlink(ctx as any, async () => {});
+        await antiHotlink(ctx, async () => {});
 
         expect(data.image).toBe('http://invalid url');
         expect(errorSpy).toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -495,7 +496,7 @@ describe('anti-hotlink edge cases', () => {
         };
         const ctx = createCtx({ multimedia_hotlink_template: 'https://media.test/${href}' }, data);
 
-        await antiHotlink(ctx as any, async () => {});
+        await antiHotlink(ctx, async () => {});
 
         expect(data.image).toBe('https://example.com/img.jpg');
     });
diff --git a/lib/middleware/cache.test.ts b/lib/middleware/cache.test.ts
index 0c8e7042f4..b83ad45870 100644
--- a/lib/middleware/cache.test.ts
+++ b/lib/middleware/cache.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import Parser from 'rss-parser';
 import { afterAll, afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
@@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ describe('cache', () => {
 });
 
 describe('cache middleware error handling', () => {
-    const setSpy = vi.fn(() => null);
+    const setSpy = vi.fn<(...args: any[]) => null>(() => null);
     const getSpy = vi.fn(() => null);
 
     afterAll(() => {
@@ -231,10 +232,10 @@ describe('cache middleware error handling', () => {
             header: vi.fn(),
             set: vi.fn(),
             get: vi.fn(),
-        };
+        } as unknown as Context;
 
         await expect(
-            cacheMiddleware(ctx as any, () => {
+            cacheMiddleware(ctx, () => {
                 throw new Error('boom');
             })
         ).rejects.toThrow('boom');
diff --git a/lib/middleware/parameter.test.ts b/lib/middleware/parameter.test.ts
index ac038cb3dc..3d639fc6eb 100644
--- a/lib/middleware/parameter.test.ts
+++ b/lib/middleware/parameter.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import Parser from 'rss-parser';
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
@@ -19,8 +20,8 @@ const runMiddleware = async (data: any, query: Record<string, string | undefined
         },
         get: (key: string) => store.get(key),
         set: (key: string, value: unknown) => store.set(key, value),
-    };
-    await middleware(ctx as any, async () => {});
+    } as unknown as Context;
+    await middleware(ctx, async () => {});
     return store.get('data') as any;
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/middleware/parameter.ts b/lib/middleware/parameter.ts
index 5dbad3d65e..2058ad5b5a 100644
--- a/lib/middleware/parameter.ts
+++ b/lib/middleware/parameter.ts
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ const middleware: MiddlewareHandler = async (ctx, next) => {
                 const title = item.title || '';
                 const description = item.description || title;
                 const author = getAuthorString(item);
-                const category = item.category || [];
+                const category = (item.category as string[] | undefined) || [];
                 const isFilter =
                     regex instanceof RE2JS
                         ? regex.matcher(title).find() || regex.matcher(description).find() || regex.matcher(author).find() || category.some((c) => regex.matcher(c).find())
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ const middleware: MiddlewareHandler = async (ctx, next) => {
                 const title = item.title || '';
                 const description = item.description || title;
                 const author = getAuthorString(item);
-                const category = item.category || [];
+                const category = (item.category as string[] | undefined) || [];
                 let isFilter = true;
 
                 if (ctx.req.query('filter_title')) {
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ const middleware: MiddlewareHandler = async (ctx, next) => {
                 const title = item.title;
                 const description = item.description || title;
                 const author = getAuthorString(item);
-                const category = item.category || [];
+                const category = (item.category as string[] | undefined) || [];
                 let isFilter = true;
 
                 if (ctx.req.query('filterout') || ctx.req.query('filterout_title')) {
diff --git a/lib/middleware/template.test.ts b/lib/middleware/template.test.ts
index 088cb91d84..0712ee7d75 100644
--- a/lib/middleware/template.test.ts
+++ b/lib/middleware/template.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
@@ -19,16 +20,16 @@ const createCtx = (query: Record<string, string | undefined>, data: any, extra:
         redirect: vi.fn((url: string, status: number) => ({ url, status })),
         header: vi.fn(),
         res: { headers: new Headers() },
-    };
+    } as unknown as Context & { json: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>; html: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>; render: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>; body: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>; redirect: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>; header: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn> };
 };
 
 describe('template middleware', () => {
     it('returns debug json when requested', async () => {
         const originalDebug = config.debugInfo;
-        config.debugInfo = true;
+        config.debugInfo = 'true';
 
         const ctx = createCtx({ format: 'debug.json' }, { item: [] }, { json: { ok: true } });
-        const result = await template(ctx as any, async () => {});
+        const result = await template(ctx, async () => {});
 
         expect(result).toEqual({ ok: true });
         expect(ctx.json).toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ describe('template middleware', () => {
 
     it('returns api data without rendering', async () => {
         const ctx = createCtx({}, null, { apiData: { ok: true } });
-        const result = await template(ctx as any, async () => {});
+        const result = await template(ctx, async () => {});
 
         expect(result).toEqual({ ok: true });
         expect(ctx.json).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ ok: true });
@@ -46,10 +47,10 @@ describe('template middleware', () => {
 
     it('renders debug html snippet when requested', async () => {
         const originalDebug = config.debugInfo;
-        config.debugInfo = true;
+        config.debugInfo = 'true';
 
         const ctx = createCtx({ format: '0.debug.html' }, { item: [{ description: 'Hello' }] });
-        const result = await template(ctx as any, async () => {});
+        const result = await template(ctx, async () => {});
 
         expect(result).toBe('Hello');
         expect(ctx.html).toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ describe('template middleware', () => {
             ],
         };
         const ctx = createCtx({ format: 'rss' }, data);
-        await template(ctx as any, async () => {});
+        await template(ctx, async () => {});
 
         expect(data.item[0].title).toBe('ABC...');
         expect(data.item[0].author).toBe('Alice, Bob');
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ describe('template middleware', () => {
             ],
         };
         const ctx = createCtx({ format: 'json' }, data);
-        await template(ctx as any, async () => {});
+        await template(ctx, async () => {});
 
         expect(data.item[0].pubDate).toBe('');
         expect(data.item[0].updated).toBe('');
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ describe('template middleware', () => {
 
     it('returns redirect response when redirect is set', async () => {
         const ctx = createCtx({}, { item: [] }, { redirect: 'https://example.com' });
-        const result = await template(ctx as any, async () => {});
+        const result = await template(ctx, async () => {});
 
         expect(result).toEqual({ url: 'https://example.com', status: 301 });
         expect(ctx.redirect).toHaveBeenCalledWith('https://example.com', 301);
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ describe('template middleware', () => {
             ],
         };
         const ctx = createCtx({ format: 'rss3' }, data);
-        const result = await template(ctx as any, async () => {});
+        const result = await template(ctx, async () => {});
 
         expect(ctx.json).toHaveBeenCalled();
         expect(result).toHaveProperty('data');
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ describe('template middleware', () => {
             ],
         };
         const ctx = createCtx({ format: 'atom' }, data);
-        await template(ctx as any, async () => {});
+        await template(ctx, async () => {});
 
         expect(ctx.render).toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
diff --git a/lib/middleware/trace.test.ts b/lib/middleware/trace.test.ts
index 5113af92ea..9689da02dd 100644
--- a/lib/middleware/trace.test.ts
+++ b/lib/middleware/trace.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Context, Next } from 'hono';
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
@@ -6,7 +7,7 @@ import trace from '@/middleware/trace';
 describe('trace middleware', () => {
     it('skips tracing when debugInfo is disabled', async () => {
         const originalDebug = config.debugInfo;
-        config.debugInfo = false;
+        config.debugInfo = false as unknown as string;
 
         let called = false;
         const ctx = {
@@ -14,12 +15,13 @@ describe('trace middleware', () => {
                 method: 'GET',
                 raw: new Request('http://localhost/test'),
             },
-        };
-        const next = () => {
+        } as unknown as Context;
+        const next: Next = () => {
             called = true;
+            return Promise.resolve();
         };
 
-        await trace(ctx as any, next);
+        await trace(ctx, next);
         expect(called).toBe(true);
 
         config.debugInfo = originalDebug;
diff --git a/lib/pkg.test.ts b/lib/pkg.test.ts
index f0e1c78851..5a1a48016b 100644
--- a/lib/pkg.test.ts
+++ b/lib/pkg.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
+import type { Route } from '@/types';
+
 describe('pkg', () => {
     beforeEach(() => {
         vi.resetModules();
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ describe('pkg', () => {
                     ],
                     allowEmpty: true,
                 }),
-            },
+            } as unknown as Route,
             {
                 name: 'Custom Namespace',
                 url: 'https://example.com',
@@ -128,7 +130,7 @@ describe('pkg', () => {
             path: '/hello',
             name: 'Custom Response',
             handler: () => new Response('ok'),
-        });
+        } as unknown as Route);
 
         const app = (await import('@/app')).default;
         const response = await app.request('/custom-response/hello');
diff --git a/lib/registry-dev.test.ts b/lib/registry-dev.test.ts
index ec589f284a..e41c3514b4 100644
--- a/lib/registry-dev.test.ts
+++ b/lib/registry-dev.test.ts
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ afterAll(() => {
 const buildApp = () => {
     const namespaces: NamespacesType = {};
     const dev = createDevRegistry({ routesDirectory, namespaces });
-    const app = new Hono();
+    const app = new Hono<{ Variables: { fromOuter: string; data: Record<string, unknown>; apiData: Record<string, unknown> } }>();
     app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
         ctx.set('fromOuter', 'bridged');
         await next();
diff --git a/lib/registry.test.ts b/lib/registry.test.ts
index da75e19337..0e8b2535e3 100644
--- a/lib/registry.test.ts
+++ b/lib/registry.test.ts
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ describe('registry', () => {
         vi.stubEnv('DISABLE_NSFW', 'true');
 
         const { namespaces } = await import('./registry');
+        // @ts-ignore build artifact of pnpm build:routes
         const routesModule = await import('../assets/build/routes.json');
         const rawNamespaces = (routesModule.default ?? routesModule) as Record<string, { routes?: Record<string, { features?: { nsfw?: boolean } }> }>;
         const nsfwNamespaces = Object.entries(rawNamespaces).filter(([, namespace]) => Object.values(namespace.routes ?? {}).some((route) => route.features?.nsfw));
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ const perDirectoryMock = (fakeDirectories: Record<string, Record<string, unknown
 };
 
 const wrap = (registry: Hono) => {
-    const app = new Hono();
+    const app = new Hono<{ Variables: { data: Record<string, unknown>; apiData: Record<string, unknown> } }>();
     app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
         const response = await next();
         const apiData = ctx.get('apiData');
diff --git a/lib/registry.ts b/lib/registry.ts
index d559b57ecd..7c5c01d93c 100644
--- a/lib/registry.ts
+++ b/lib/registry.ts
@@ -38,17 +38,19 @@ let namespaces: NamespacesType = {};
 let devRegistry: DevRegistry | undefined;
 
 if (config.isPackage) {
+    // @ts-ignore build artifact of pnpm build:routes
     namespaces = (await import('../assets/build/routes.js')).default;
 } else {
     switch (process.env.NODE_ENV || process.env.VERCEL_ENV) {
         case 'production':
+            // @ts-ignore build artifact of pnpm build:routes
             namespaces = (await import('../assets/build/routes.js')).default;
             break;
         case 'test':
-            // @ts-expect-error
+            // @ts-expect-error TS2322 the JSON module's inferred literal type is narrower than NamespacesType
             namespaces = await import('../assets/build/routes.json');
             if (namespaces.default) {
-                // @ts-ignore
+                // @ts-expect-error TS2322 the JSON module's default export does not satisfy NamespacesType
                 namespaces = namespaces.default;
             }
             break;
diff --git a/lib/routes/005/index.tsx b/lib/routes/005/index.tsx
index 734edf37ca..4a3f743026 100644
--- a/lib/routes/005/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/005/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.article-list ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('h3').text();
-            const image = item.find('img').prop('src');
+            const title = $item.find('h3').text();
+            const image = $item.find('img').prop('src');
 
             const description = renderToString(
                 <>
@@ -36,22 +36,22 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                             <img src={image} alt={title} />
                         </figure>
                     ) : null}
-                    {item.find('div.p-row').text() ? <blockquote>{item.find('div.p-row').text()}</blockquote> : null}
+                    {$item.find('div.p-row').text() ? <blockquote>{$item.find('div.p-row').text()}</blockquote> : null}
                 </>
             );
 
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.time').text()),
-                link: new URL(item.find('h3 a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.time').text()),
+                link: new URL($item.find('h3 a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 content: {
                     html: description,
-                    text: item.find('div.p-row').text(),
+                    text: $item.find('div.p-row').text(),
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
@@ -66,14 +66,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 const description = $$('div.articleContent').html();
 
                 item.title = title;
-                item.description = description;
+                item.description = description ?? '';
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($$('.time').text()), 8);
                 item.category = $$('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content').split(/,/);
                 item.content = {
-                    html: description,
+                    html: description ?? '',
                     text: $$('div.articleContent').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: title.split(/,/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/0818tuan/index.ts b/lib/routes/0818tuan/index.ts
index 6605b42ef1..347f81aee0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/0818tuan/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/0818tuan/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,18 +37,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $(listId === '3' ? '.col-xs-12 .thumbnail > a' : '.col-md-8 .list-group > a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                link: item.attr('href').startsWith('http') ? item.attr('href') : `${baseUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                link: $item.attr('href')!.startsWith('http') ? $item.attr('href') : `${baseUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         })
-        .filter((i) => !i.link.includes('m.0818tuan.com/tb1111.php') && !i.link.includes('www.0818tuan.com/pdd/zudui.php'));
+        .filter((i) => !i.link!.includes('m.0818tuan.com/tb1111.php') && !i.link!.includes('www.0818tuan.com/pdd/zudui.php'));
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/0x80/index.ts b/lib/routes/0x80/index.ts
index 13463db233..f4069561d3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/0x80/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/0x80/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = alist
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href') || '';
-            const title = item.text();
+            const link = $item.attr('href') || '';
+            const title = $item.text();
             const pubDate = extractDateFromURL(link);
 
             return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/0xxx/index.ts b/lib/routes/0xxx/index.ts
index bfe02481d7..cf469492f7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/0xxx/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/0xxx/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('table#home-table tr:not(.gore)')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const $categoryEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('td.category');
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                           },
                       ]
                     : undefined,
-                category: $categoryEl.html(),
-                catalogue: $catalogueEl.html(),
+                category: $categoryEl.html() ?? undefined,
+                catalogue: $catalogueEl.html() ?? undefined,
                 title,
                 size: $el.find('td.size').text(),
-                date: $dateEl.html(),
+                date: $dateEl.html() ?? undefined,
             });
             const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $dateEl.text();
             const linkUrl: string | undefined = $el.find('td.title a').attr('href');
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, 'DD.MM.YYYY') : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const description: string | undefined =
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.logo img').attr('src') ? new URL($('div.logo img').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ To subscribe to [Movie HD 1080p](https://0xxx.ws?category=Movie-HD-1080p), where
         supportBT: false,
         supportPodcast: false,
         supportScihub: false,
-        nfsw: true,
+        nsfw: true,
     },
     radar: [
         {
diff --git a/lib/routes/10000link/info.ts b/lib/routes/10000link/info.ts
index cbf4e69b72..9297c039e5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/10000link/info.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/10000link/info.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.l_newshot li dl.lhotnew2')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('dd h1 a');
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseRelativeDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -69,14 +69,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.entity_title h1 a').text();
                     const image: string | undefined = $$('div.entity_thumb img.img-responsive').attr('src');
 
                     const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('div.entity_content').html(),
+                        description: $$('div.entity_content').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                     const pubDateStr: string | undefined = detailResponse.match(/var\stime\s=\s"(.*?)";/)?.[1];
                     const categoryEls: Element[] = $$('div.entity_tag span a').toArray();
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.navbar-brand img').attr('src') ? new URL($('a.navbar-brand img').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/10jqka/realtimenews.ts b/lib/routes/10jqka/realtimenews.ts
index 6b8742133a..f230a71f0a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/10jqka/realtimenews.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/10jqka/realtimenews.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 image,
                 banner: item.picUrl,
                 updated: parseDate(item.rtime, 'X'),
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         }) ?? [];
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/121/weather-live.tsx b/lib/routes/121/weather-live.tsx
index bc7b70de85..8c464607db 100644
--- a/lib/routes/121/weather-live.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/121/weather-live.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img').first().attr('src') ? new URL($('img').first().attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: $('div#webnameDiv').text(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/12306/zxdt.ts b/lib/routes/12306/zxdt.ts
index eebd0af520..5f66d442f5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/12306/zxdt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/12306/zxdt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('#newList > ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             title: $(item).find('a').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), link).href,
+            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, link).href,
             pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span').text().slice(1, -1)),
         }));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/141jav/index.tsx b/lib/routes/141jav/index.tsx
index 87517a609f..10f7beff55 100644
--- a/lib/routes/141jav/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/141jav/index.tsx
@@ -68,29 +68,29 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.columns')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const id = item.find('.title a').text();
-            const size = item.find('.title span').text();
-            const pubDate = item.find('.subtitle a').attr('href').split('/date/').pop();
-            const description = item.find('.has-text-grey-dark').text();
-            const actresses = item
+            const id = $item.find('.title a').text();
+            const size = $item.find('.title span').text();
+            const pubDate = $item.find('.subtitle a').attr('href')!.split('/date/').pop();
+            const description = $item.find('.has-text-grey-dark').text();
+            const actresses = $item
                 .find('.panel-block')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((a) => $(a).text().trim());
-            const tags = item
+            const tags = $item
                 .find('.tag')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((t) => $(t).text().trim());
-            const magnet = item.find('a[title="Magnet torrent"]').attr('href');
-            const link = item.find('a[title="Download .torrent"]').attr('href');
-            const image = item.find('.image').attr('src');
+            const magnet = $item.find('a[title="Magnet torrent"]').attr('href');
+            const link = $item.find('a[title="Download .torrent"]').attr('href');
+            const image = $item.find('.image').attr('src');
 
             return {
                 title: `${id} ${size}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(pubDate, 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').first().attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                description: renderToString(<JavDescription image={image} id={id} size={size} pubDate={pubDate} description={description} actresses={actresses} tags={tags} magnet={magnet} link={link} />),
+                pubDate: parseDate(pubDate!, 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').first().attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                description: renderToString(<JavDescription image={image} id={id} size={size} pubDate={pubDate!} description={description} actresses={actresses} tags={tags} magnet={magnet} link={link} />),
                 author: actresses.join(', '),
                 category: [...tags, ...actresses],
                 enclosure_type: 'application/x-bittorrent',
diff --git a/lib/routes/141ppv/index.tsx b/lib/routes/141ppv/index.tsx
index 05172e45a8..4a9e427300 100644
--- a/lib/routes/141ppv/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/141ppv/index.tsx
@@ -68,31 +68,31 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.columns')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const id = item.find('.title a').text();
-            const size = item.find('.title span').text();
-            const pubDate = item.find('.subtitle a').attr('href').split('/date/').pop();
-            const description = item.find('.has-text-grey-dark').text();
-            const actresses = item
+            const id = $item.find('.title a').text();
+            const size = $item.find('.title span').text();
+            const pubDate = $item.find('.subtitle a').attr('href')!.split('/date/').pop();
+            const description = $item.find('.has-text-grey-dark').text();
+            const actresses = $item
                 .find('.panel-block')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((a) => $(a).text().trim());
-            const tags = item
+            const tags = $item
                 .find('.tag')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((t) => $(t).text().trim());
-            const magnet = item.find('a[title="Magnet torrent"]').attr('href');
-            const link = item.find('a[title="Download .torrent"]').attr('href');
-            const onErrorAttr = item.find('.image').attr('onerror');
+            const magnet = $item.find('a[title="Magnet torrent"]').attr('href');
+            const link = $item.find('a[title="Download .torrent"]').attr('href');
+            const onErrorAttr = $item.find('.image').attr('onerror');
             const backupImageRegex = /this\.src='(.*?)'/;
-            const match = backupImageRegex.exec(onErrorAttr);
-            const image = match ? match[1] : item.find('.image').attr('src');
+            const match = backupImageRegex.exec(onErrorAttr!);
+            const image = match ? match[1] : $item.find('.image').attr('src');
 
             return {
                 title: `${id} ${size}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(pubDate, 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').first().attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate(pubDate!, 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').first().attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 description: renderToString(
                     <>
                         {image ? <img src={image} /> : null}
diff --git a/lib/routes/163/dy2.ts b/lib/routes/163/dy2.ts
index 06ff453d91..cfd448129d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/163/dy2.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/163/dy2.ts
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const itemImg = item.find('a.img img');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const itemImg = $item.find('a.img img');
             return {
-                title: item.find('h4 a').text(),
-                link: item.find('a').first().attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.time').text()), 8),
+                title: $item.find('h4 a').text(),
+                link: $item.find('a').first().attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.time').text()), 8),
                 imgsrc: itemImg.attr('src') ?? itemImg.attr('_src'),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/163/music/djradio.tsx b/lib/routes/163/music/djradio.tsx
index 18d117a524..e97e96a120 100644
--- a/lib/routes/163/music/djradio.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/163/music/djradio.tsx
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ const renderDescription = (pg, description, itunes_duration, info) =>
             </div>
             {info ? (
                 <div>
-                    <audio src={`https://music.163.com/song/media/outer/url?id=${pg.mainTrackId}.mp3`} controls="controls"></audio>
+                    <audio src={`https://music.163.com/song/media/outer/url?id=${pg.mainTrackId}.mp3`} controls></audio>
                     <p>时长: {itunes_duration}</p>
                     <p>
                         <a href={`https://music.163.com/program/${pg.id}`}>查看节目</a>
diff --git a/lib/routes/163/news/rank.ts b/lib/routes/163/news/rank.ts
index 8cd03a5bf5..040dfc900a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/163/news/rank.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/163/news/rank.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -140,24 +140,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .eq(timeRange[time].index + (category === 'whole' ? (type === 'click' ? -1 : 2) : type === 'click' ? 0 : 2))
         .find('table tbody tr td a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     let link;
                     if (['auto', 'house', 'travel'].includes(category)) {
-                        const category = item.link.split('.163.com', 1)[0].split('//').pop().split('.').pop();
-                        link = `https://3g.163.com/${category}/article/${item.link.split('/').pop()}`;
+                        const category = item.link!.split('.163.com', 1)[0].split('//').pop()!.split('.').pop();
+                        link = `https://3g.163.com/${category}/article/${item.link!.split('/').pop()}`;
                     } else {
-                        const pathname = new URL(item.link).pathname;
+                        const pathname = new URL(item.link!).pathname;
                         link = `https://3g.163.com${pathname}`;
                     }
 
@@ -175,8 +176,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         elem.attribs.src = elem.attribs['data-src'] ?? elem.attribs.src;
                     });
 
-                    item.title = content('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content').replace('_手机网易网', '');
-                    item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content'));
+                    item.title = content('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content')!.replace('_手机网易网', '');
+                    item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')!);
                     item.description = content('.article-body').html();
                 } catch {
                     return '';
@@ -190,6 +191,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `网易新闻${timeRange[time].title}${type === 'click' ? '点击' : '跟帖'}榜 - ${cfg.title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
-        item: items.filter(Boolean),
+        item: items.filter(Boolean) as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/163/open/vip.tsx b/lib/routes/163/open/vip.tsx
index 82784e98fb..c361976a0f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/163/open/vip.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/163/open/vip.tsx
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ async function handler() {
     const initialState = JSON.parse(
         $('script')
             .text()
-            .match(/window\.__INITIAL_STATE__=(.*);\(function\(\)\{var/)[1]
+            .match(/window\.__INITIAL_STATE__=(.*);\(function\(\)\{var/)![1]
     );
 
-    const list = Object.values(initialState.courseindex.myModules).flatMap((mod) =>
+    const list = Object.values<Record<string, any>>(initialState.courseindex.myModules).flatMap((mod) =>
         mod.contents.map((item) => ({
             title: `${item.title} - ${item.subtitle}`,
             author: item.authorName,
diff --git a/lib/routes/163/renjian.ts b/lib/routes/163/renjian.ts
index d3d066ac67..c0a214b5b5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/163/renjian.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/163/renjian.ts
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     if (urls) {
         items = urls.slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50).map((item) => ({
-            link: item.match(/url:"(.*)",/)[1],
-        }));
+            link: item.match(/url:"(.*)",/)![1],
+        })) as DataItem[];
     } else {
         const $ = load(data);
 
@@ -70,16 +70,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50)
             .toArray()
             .map((_, item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item as any);
                 return {
-                    link: item.attr('href'),
+                    link: $item.attr('href'),
                 };
-            });
+            }) as DataItem[];
     }
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.title = content('h1').text();
                 item.author = content('script')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/renjian_author = '(.*)'/)[1];
+                    .match(/renjian_author = '(.*)'/)![1];
                 item.description = content('#endText').html() ?? content('#content').html();
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.pub_time').text() ?? content('.post_info').text().split('来源:', 1)[0].trim()), 8);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/163/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/163/utils.tsx
index 2c2f109a8f..aa995215ff 100644
--- a/lib/routes/163/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/163/utils.tsx
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ const parseDyArticle = (item) =>
             }
             const url = new URL(i.attribs.src);
             if (url.host === 'nimg.ws.126.net') {
-                i.attribs.src = url.searchParams.get('url');
+                i.attribs.src = url.searchParams.get('url') ?? '';
             }
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/18comic/album.ts b/lib/routes/18comic/album.ts
index c7a5f9a0da..4f50298873 100644
--- a/lib/routes/18comic/album.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/18comic/album.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 
 import { renderDescription } from './templates/description';
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 cache.tryGet(`18comic:album:${item.id}`, async () => {
                     const chapterApiUrl = `${getApiUrl()}/chapter?id=${item.id}`;
                     const chapterResult = await processApiItems(chapterApiUrl);
-                    const result = {};
+                    const result: DataItem = { title: '' };
                     const chapterNum = index + 1;
                     result.title = `第${chapterNum}話 ${item.name === '' ? chapterNum : item.name}`;
                     result.link = `${rootUrl}/photo/${item.id}`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/18comic/blogs.ts b/lib/routes/18comic/blogs.ts
index 65399a95c3..d3aafe958e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/18comic/blogs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/18comic/blogs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,13 +53,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.title')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { guid: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.parent().attr('href')}`,
-                guid: `https://18comic.org${item.parent().attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.parent().attr('href')}`,
+                guid: `https://18comic.org${$item.parent().attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/18comic/search.ts b/lib/routes/18comic/search.ts
index 3b9a81c78b..2ed8b8bd12 100644
--- a/lib/routes/18comic/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/18comic/search.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -67,11 +67,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const results = await Promise.all(
         filteredItemsByCategory.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(`18comic:search:${item.id}`, async () => {
-                const result = { title: item.name, link: `${rootUrl}/album/${item.id}`, guid: `18comic:/album/${item.id}`, updated: parseDate(item.update_at) };
+                const result: DataItem = {
+                    title: item.name,
+                    link: `${rootUrl}/album/${item.id}`,
+                    guid: `18comic:/album/${item.id}`,
+                    updated: parseDate(item.update_at),
+                };
                 const apiUrl = `${getApiUrl()}/album?id=${item.id}`;
                 const apiResult = await processApiItems(apiUrl);
                 result.pubDate = new Date(apiResult.addtime * 1000);
-                result.category = apiResult.tags.map((tag) => tag);
+                const tags = apiResult.tags.map((tag) => tag);
+                result.category = tags;
                 result.author = apiResult.author.map((a) => a).join(', ');
                 result.description = renderDescription({
                     introduction: apiResult.description,
@@ -83,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         // `https://cdn-msp3.${domain}/media/photos/${item.id}/00003.webp`,
                     ],
                     cover: `https://cdn-msp3.${domain}/media/albums/${item.id}_3x4.jpg`,
-                    category: result.category,
+                    category: tags,
                 });
                 return result;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/18comic/utils.ts b/lib/routes/18comic/utils.ts
index a210ab843d..ae62a2b26e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/18comic/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/18comic/utils.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import CryptoJS from 'crypto-js';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import md5 from '@/utils/md5';
@@ -99,13 +100,13 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx, currentUrl, rootUrl) => {
     let items = $('.video-title')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { guid: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text().trim(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.prev().find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                guid: `18comic:${item.prev().find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text().trim(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.prev().find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                guid: `18comic:${$item.prev().find('a').attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
@@ -116,8 +117,8 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx, currentUrl, rootUrl) => {
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('div[itemprop="datePublished"]').first().attr('content'));
-                item.updated = parseDate(content('div[itemprop="datePublished"]').last().attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('div[itemprop="datePublished"]').first().attr('content')!);
+                item.updated = parseDate(content('div[itemprop="datePublished"]').last().attr('content')!);
                 item.category = content('span[data-type="tags"]')
                     .first()
                     .find('a')
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx, currentUrl, rootUrl) => {
                     introduction: content('#intro-block .p-t-5').text(),
                     images: content('.img_zoom_img img')
                         .toArray()
-                        .map((image) => content(image).attr('data-original')),
+                        .map((image) => content(image).attr('data-original')!),
                     cover: content('.thumb-overlay img').first().attr('src'),
                     category: item.category,
                 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/199it/index.tsx b/lib/routes/199it/index.tsx
index b1d7ac29be..777a918657 100644
--- a/lib/routes/199it/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/199it/index.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('article.newsplus')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('h2.entry-title').text();
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     $$('div.entry-content img.alignnone').each((_, el) => {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         pubDate: pubDateStr ? parseDate(pubDateStr) : item.pubDate,
                         category: categories,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const extraLinkEls: Element[] = $$('ul.related_post li a').toArray();
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
 
                     $$('ul.related_post').parent().remove();
 
-                    const description: string | undefined = $$('div.entry-content').html();
+                    const description: string | undefined = $$('div.entry-content').html() ?? undefined;
 
                     processedItem = {
                         ...processedItem,
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('h3.site-title img').attr('src'),
         author: title.split(/-/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/19lou/index.ts b/lib/routes/19lou/index.ts
index 8cf8cba12d..6cd4d44069 100644
--- a/lib/routes/19lou/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/19lou/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
 import { isValidHost } from '@/utils/valid-host';
 
 const setCookie = function (cookieName, cookieValue, seconds, path, domain, secure?) {
-    let expires = null;
+    let expires: Date | null = null;
     if (seconds !== -1) {
         expires = new Date();
         expires.setTime(expires.getTime() + seconds);
     }
-    return [encodeURI(cookieName), '=', encodeURI(cookieValue), expires ? '; expires=' + expires.toGMTString() : '', path ? '; path=' + path : '/', domain ? '; domain=' + domain : '', secure ? '; secure' : ''].join('');
+    return [encodeURI(cookieName), '=', encodeURI(cookieValue), expires ? '; expires=' + expires.toUTCString() : '', path ? '; path=' + path : '/', domain ? '; domain=' + domain : '', secure ? '; secure' : ''].join('');
 };
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -72,12 +72,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.center-center-jiazi')
         .find('a[title]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                link: `https:${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                link: `https:${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.author = content('.uname, .user-name').first().text();
                 item.description = content('.post-cont').first().html() || content('.thread-cont').html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.cont-top-left meta').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.cont-top-left meta').attr('content')!), 8);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/1lou/index.ts b/lib/routes/1lou/index.ts
index 166c57a10c..26624596d2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/1lou/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/1lou/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     const limit = ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50;
 
     const queryString = Object.entries(ctx.req.query())
-        .map(([key, value]) => `${encodeURIComponent(key)}=${encodeURIComponent(value)}`)
+        .map(([key, value]) => `${encodeURIComponent(key)}=${encodeURIComponent(value as string)}`)
         .join('&');
 
     const currentUrl = new URL(`${params && params.endsWith('.htm') ? params : `${params}.htm`}${queryString ? `?${queryString}` : ''}`, rootUrl).href;
@@ -27,24 +27,24 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('li.media.thread.tap:not(li.hidden-sm)')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const subjectEl = item.find('div.subject').children('a').first();
+            const subjectEl = $item.find('div.subject').children('a').first();
 
             return {
                 title: subjectEl.text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span.date').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL(subjectEl.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span.date').text()), 8),
+                link: new URL(subjectEl.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 category: [
-                    item.find('a.text-secondary').text().replaceAll('[]', ''),
-                    ...item
+                    $item.find('a.text-secondary').text().replaceAll('[]', ''),
+                    ...$item
                         .find('a.badge')
                         .toArray()
                         .map((c) => $(c).text()),
                 ].filter(Boolean),
-                author: item.find('a.username').text(),
-                language,
+                author: $item.find('a.username').text(),
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
                 if (title) {
                     const description = $$('div.message.break-all').html();
-                    const image = new URL($$('img').first().prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+                    const image = new URL($$('img').first().prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
                     item.title = title;
                     item.description = description;
@@ -73,14 +73,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     };
                     item.image = image;
                     item.banner = image;
-                    item.language = language;
+                    item.language = language as Language;
 
                     const torrents = $$('ul.attachlist li a');
 
                     if (torrents.length > 0) {
                         const torrent = torrents.first();
 
-                        item.enclosure_url = new URL(torrent.prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+                        item.enclosure_url = new URL(torrent.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
                         item.enclosure_type = 'application/x-bittorrent';
                         item.enclosure_title = torrent.text();
                     }
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const author = 'BT 之家 1LOU 站';
-    const image = new URL($('img.logo-2').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('img.logo-2').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: `${$('title').text().split(/-/, 1)[0]} - ${author}`,
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
@@ -138,9 +138,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         {
             source: ['1lou.me/:params'],
             target: (_, url) => {
-                url = new URL(url);
+                const parsedUrl = new URL(url);
 
-                return `/1lou${url.href.replace(rootUrl, '')}`;
+                return `/1lou${parsedUrl.href.replace(rootUrl, '')}`;
             },
         },
     ],
diff --git a/lib/routes/1x/index.tsx b/lib/routes/1x/index.tsx
index b89d21b679..5472dc0396 100644
--- a/lib/routes/1x/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/1x/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 export const handler = async (ctx) => {
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('span.photos-feed-data-title').first().text() || 'Untitled';
-            const image = item.find('img').prop('src');
-            const author = item.find('span.photos-feed-data-name').first().text();
+            const title = $item.find('span.photos-feed-data-title').first().text() || 'Untitled';
+            const image = $item.find('img').prop('src');
+            const author = $item.find('span.photos-feed-data-name').first().text();
 
             const text = `${title} by ${author}`;
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 </>
             );
 
-            const id = item.find('img[id]').prop('id').split(/-/).pop();
+            const id = $item.find('img[id]').prop('id').split(/-/).pop();
             const guid = `1x-${id}`;
 
             return {
@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
                 enclosure_url: image,
                 enclosure_type: image ? `image/${image.split(/\./).pop()}` : undefined,
                 enclosure_title: title,
             };
         });
 
-    const image = new URL($('img.themedlogo').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('img.themedlogo').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/2048/index.tsx b/lib/routes/2048/index.tsx
index 6feaef9741..b032a471a7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/2048/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/2048/index.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const onclickValue = $('.button').first().attr('onclick');
         const targetUrl = onclickValue?.match(/window\.open\('([^']+)'/)?.[1];
 
-        return { url: new URL(targetUrl, 'https://2048.info').href };
+        return { url: new URL(targetUrl!, 'https://2048.info').href };
     });
     // 获取重定向后的url
     const redirectResponse = await ofetch.raw(domainInfo.url);
@@ -109,13 +109,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .last()
         .nextAll('.tr3')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).find('a.subject');
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string; guid: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item).find('a.subject');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${currentHost}/${item.attr('href')}`,
-                guid: `${rootUrl}/2048/${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${currentHost}/${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                guid: `${rootUrl}/2048/${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         })
         .filter((item) => !item.link.includes('undefined'));
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 });
 
                 item.author = content('.fl.black').first().text();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('span.fl.gray').first().attr('title')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('span.fl.gray').first().attr('title')!), 8);
 
                 const readTpc = content('#read_tpc').first();
                 const copyLink = content('#copytext')?.first()?.text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/21caijing/channel.ts b/lib/routes/21caijing/channel.ts
index f0e235293a..947b5d8d55 100644
--- a/lib/routes/21caijing/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/21caijing/channel.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: updated ? parseDate(updated, 'X') : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     $$('div.rela-box').remove();
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('div.author-infos span')
                         .text()
                         .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2})/)?.[1];
-                    const categories: string[] = $$('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/) ?? item.category ?? [];
+                    const categories: DataItem['category'] = $$('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/) ?? item.category ?? [];
                     const upDatedStr: string | undefined = pubDateStr;
 
                     const processedItem: DataItem = {
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/2cycd/index.ts b/lib/routes/2cycd/index.ts
index 453587ef9f..48a61e5ea3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/2cycd/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/2cycd/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('tbody[id^="normalthread_"]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const xst = item.find('a.s.xst');
-            const author = item.find('td.by cite a').eq(0).text();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const xst = $item.find('a.s.xst');
+            const author = $item.find('td.by cite a').eq(0).text();
             return {
                 title: xst.text(),
                 link: xst.attr('href'),
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // console.log(list);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link, {
                     responseType: 'buffer',
                 });
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const first_post = content('td[id^="postmessage_"]').first();
                 const dateobj = content('em[id^="authorposton"]').first();
                 item.description = first_post.html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(dateobj.find('span').attr('title'), 'YYYY-M-D HH:mm:ss'), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(dateobj.find('span').attr('title')!, 'YYYY-M-D HH:mm:ss'), 8);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/36kr/utils.ts b/lib/routes/36kr/utils.ts
index 918ee0971b..81eba1dac2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/36kr/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/36kr/utils.ts
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ export const getWafTokenId = () =>
             const payload = $('script')
                 .text()
                 .match(/atob\('(.*?)'\)\),/)?.[1];
-            const response = solveWafChallenge(payload);
+            const response = solveWafChallenge(payload!);
 
             const tokenIdResponse = await ofetch.raw(rootUrl, {
                 headers: {
diff --git a/lib/routes/3dmgame/game.ts b/lib/routes/3dmgame/game.ts
index f8996f4aaa..6a643cee49 100644
--- a/lib/routes/3dmgame/game.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/3dmgame/game.ts
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const listSelector = type === 'resource' ? $('.ZQ_Left .Llis_4 .lis li, .zq_left .rigtbox7 li').toArray() : $('.ZQ_Left .lis, .zq_left .newsleft li').toArray();
 
     const list = listSelector.map((i) => {
-        i = $(i);
-        const a = i.find('a[href]').last();
-        const time = i.find('.time');
+        const $i = $(i);
+        const a = $i.find('a[href]').last();
+        const time = $i.find('.time');
         return {
             title: a.text(),
-            description: i.find('.miaoshu').text(),
+            description: $i.find('.miaoshu').text(),
             link: a.attr('href'),
             pubDate: time.length ? parseDate(time.text().trim()) : null, // 2020-12-31
         };
diff --git a/lib/routes/3dmgame/news-center.ts b/lib/routes/3dmgame/news-center.ts
index 2ca342d3e3..c40f588775 100644
--- a/lib/routes/3dmgame/news-center.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/3dmgame/news-center.ts
@@ -42,21 +42,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $(isArcPost ? '.selectarcpost' : '.selectpost')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             if (isArcPost) {
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('.bt').text(),
-                    link: item.attr('href'),
-                    description: item.find('p').text(),
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.time').text()), 8),
+                    title: $item.find('.bt').text(),
+                    link: $item.attr('href'),
+                    description: $item.find('p').text(),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.time').text()), 8),
                 };
             }
-            const a = item.find('.text a');
+            const a = $item.find('.text a');
             return {
                 title: a.first().text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                description: item.find('.miaoshu').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.time').text()), 8),
+                description: $item.find('.miaoshu').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.time').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/3dmgame/utils.ts b/lib/routes/3dmgame/utils.ts
index fff6bccaf3..51130925cb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/3dmgame/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/3dmgame/utils.ts
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
 
         if (item.link.startsWith('https://dl.3dmgame.com/')) {
             const lis = $('.patchtop .lis');
-            const [, category, pubDate, author] = lis.text().match(/补丁类型：([^\n]*)\n.*整理时间：([^\n]*)\n.*补丁制作：([^\n]*)\n/s);
+            const [, category, pubDate, author] = lis.text().match(/补丁类型：([^\n]*)\n.*整理时间：([^\n]*)\n.*补丁制作：([^\n]*)\n/s)!;
 
-            item.description = lis.html() + $('.L_title').html() + $('.GmL_1').html();
+            item.description = lis.html()! + $('.L_title').html()! + $('.GmL_1').html();
             item.category = category;
             item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(pubDate), 8);
             item.author = author;
diff --git a/lib/routes/423down/index.ts b/lib/routes/423down/index.ts
index 84ad2ab49d..c2b6c15a07 100644
--- a/lib/routes/423down/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/423down/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,19 +24,19 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('ul.excerpt li')
         .toArray()
         .filter((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.find('h2 a').prop('href');
-            const isAdItem = item.find('span.cat').text().includes('423Down');
+            const link = $item.find('h2 a').prop('href');
+            const isAdItem = $item.find('span.cat').text().includes('423Down');
 
-            return new RegExp(domain).test(link) && !isAdItem;
+            return new RegExp(domain).test(link!) && !isAdItem;
         })
         .slice(0, limit)
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('h2').text();
-            const image = item.find('a.pic img').prop('src');
+            const title = $item.find('h2').text();
+            const image = $item.find('a.pic img').prop('src');
             const description = renderDescription({
                 images: image
                     ? [
@@ -46,25 +46,25 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                           },
                       ]
                     : undefined,
-                intro: item.find('div.note').text(),
+                intro: $item.find('div.note').text(),
             });
 
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.time').text(), 'MM-DD'),
-                link: item.find('h2 a').prop('href'),
-                category: item
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.time').text(), 'MM-DD'),
+                link: $item.find('h2 a').prop('href'),
+                category: $item
                     .find('span.cat a')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text()),
                 content: {
                     html: description,
-                    text: item.find('div.note').text(),
+                    text: $item.find('div.note').text(),
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
                 enclosure_url: image,
                 enclosure_type: image ? `image/${image.split(/\./).pop()}` : undefined,
                 enclosure_title: title,
@@ -73,13 +73,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title = $$('h1.meta-tit a').text();
-                const description = item.description + renderDescription({ description: $$('div.entry').html() });
+                const description = item.description + renderDescription({ description: $$('div.entry').html() ?? undefined });
 
                 item.title = title;
                 item.description = description;
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.entry').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: title.split(/-/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/4ksj/forum.tsx b/lib/routes/4ksj/forum.tsx
index f4f811c68f..9448e56210 100644
--- a/lib/routes/4ksj/forum.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/4ksj/forum.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import md5 from '@/utils/md5';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -98,11 +98,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('div.nex_cmo_piv a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
@@ -145,28 +146,28 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 $$('div.nex_drama_intros em').first().remove();
                 $$('strong font').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = $$(el);
+                    const $el = $$(el);
 
-                    el.parent().remove();
+                    $el.parent().remove();
                 });
 
                 const title = $$('div.nex_drama_Top h5').text();
                 const description = $$('div.nex_drama_intros').html();
                 const picture =
                     $$('div.nex_drama_pic')
-                        .html()
+                        .html()!
                         .match(/background:url\((.*?)\)/)?.[1] ?? '';
 
                 const details = $$('li.nex_drama_Detail_li, li.nex_drama_Detail_lis dd')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((li) => {
-                        li = $$(li);
+                        const $li = $$(li);
 
-                        const key = li
+                        const key = $li
                             .find('em')
                             .text()
                             .replaceAll(/：|\s/g, '');
-                        const value = li.find('span').length === 0 ? li.contents().last().text().trim() : li.find('span').text().trim();
+                        const value = $li.find('span').length === 0 ? $li.contents().last().text().trim() : $li.find('span').text().trim();
 
                         return { [key]: value };
                     });
@@ -177,10 +178,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         ? $$('td.t_f strong')
                               .toArray()
                               .map((l) => {
-                                  l = $$(l);
+                                  const $l = $$(l);
 
-                                  const title = l.contents().first().text();
-                                  const link = l.next().prop('href') ?? l.nextUntil('a').next().prop('href');
+                                  const title = $l.contents().first().text();
+                                  const link = $l.next().prop('href') ?? $l.nextUntil('a').next().prop('href');
 
                                   item.enclosure_url ??= link;
                                   item.enclosure_type ??= 'application/x-bittorrent';
@@ -188,7 +189,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                                   return {
                                       title,
-                                      tags: l
+                                      tags: $l
                                           .contents()
                                           .last()
                                           .text()
@@ -199,15 +200,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         : $$('div.newfujian')
                               .toArray()
                               .map((l) => {
-                                  l = $$(l);
+                                  const $l = $$(l);
 
                                   return {
-                                      title: l.find('p.filename').prop('title') || l.find('p.filename').text(),
-                                      tags: l
+                                      title: $l.find('p.filename').prop('title') || $l.find('p.filename').text(),
+                                      tags: $l
                                           .find('div.fileaq')
                                           .text()
                                           .match(/【(.*?)】/g),
-                                      link: l.find('div.down_2 a').prop('href'),
+                                      link: $l.find('div.down_2 a').prop('href'),
                                   };
                               });
 
@@ -238,7 +239,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     links,
                 });
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(pubDate, 'YYYY-M-D HH:mm:ss'), 8);
-                item.category = Object.values(mergedDetails)
+                item.category = Object.values<string>(mergedDetails)
                     .flatMap((c) => c.split(/\s/))
                     .filter(Boolean);
                 item.author = mergedDetails['导演'];
@@ -268,6 +269,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[name="application-name"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/50forum/zhuanjia.ts b/lib/routes/50forum/zhuanjia.ts
index 5cdf4c6dfd..cd23639926 100644
--- a/lib/routes/50forum/zhuanjia.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/50forum/zhuanjia.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,21 +34,21 @@ async function handler() {
     });
     const data = response.data;
     if (!data) {
-        return;
+        return null;
     }
     const $ = load(data);
     let out = $('div.container div.list_list.mtop10 ul li')
         .find('a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = rootUrl + item.attr('href');
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = rootUrl + $item.attr('href');
             const reg = /^(.+) - (.*) - (.+)$/;
-            const keyword = reg.exec(item.text().trim());
+            const keyword = reg.exec($item.text().trim());
             return {
-                title: keyword[1],
-                author: keyword[2],
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(keyword[3], 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                title: keyword![1],
+                author: keyword![2],
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(keyword![3], 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
                 link,
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/51cto/recommend.ts b/lib/routes/51cto/recommend.ts
index ee8b1b85bf..cf92eeaac4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/51cto/recommend.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/51cto/recommend.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import got from '@/utils/got';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
+import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
 
 import { getToken, sign } from './utils';
 
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ async function getFullcontent(item, cookie = '') {
     return {
         title: item.title,
         link: item.url,
-        pubDate: parseDate(item.pubdate, 8),
+        pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.pubdate), 8),
         description: fullContent || item.abstract, // Return item.abstract if fullContent is null
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/51read/article.ts b/lib/routes/51read/article.ts
index b8556f6db9..68591d898c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/51read/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/51read/article.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item,
         image: $book('.bi-img img').attr('src'),
         author: $book('.bi-wt a').text(),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/56kog/util.tsx b/lib/routes/56kog/util.tsx
index 985c311179..ea01d1a68a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/56kog/util.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/56kog/util.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
+import type { DataItem, Language } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -18,21 +19,21 @@ const fetchItems = async (limit, currentUrl) => {
 
     let items = $('p.line')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                author: item.find('span').last().text(),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                author: $item.find('span').last().text(),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link, {
                         responseType: 'buffer',
@@ -42,16 +43,16 @@ const fetchItems = async (limit, currentUrl) => {
 
                     const details = content('div.mohe-content p')
                         .toArray()
-                        .map((detail) => {
-                            detail = content(detail);
-                            const as = detail.find('a');
+                        .map((detail): { label: string; value: any } => {
+                            const $detail = content(detail);
+                            const as = $detail.find('a');
 
                             return {
-                                label: detail.find('span.c-l-depths').text().split(/：/, 1)[0],
+                                label: $detail.find('span.c-l-depths').text().split(/：/, 1)[0],
                                 value:
                                     as.length === 0
                                         ? content(
-                                              detail
+                                              $detail
                                                   .contents()
                                                   .toArray()
                                                   .find((c) => c.nodeType === 3)
@@ -59,27 +60,27 @@ const fetchItems = async (limit, currentUrl) => {
                                               .text()
                                               .trim()
                                         : {
-                                              href: new URL(as.first().prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                                              href: new URL(as.first().prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                                               text: as.first().text().trim(),
                                           },
                             };
                         });
 
-                    const pubDate = details.find((detail) => detail.label === '更新').value;
+                    const pubDate = details.find((detail) => detail.label === '更新')!.value;
 
                     item.title = content('h1').contents().first().text();
                     item.description = renderDescription({
                         images: [
                             {
-                                src: new URL(content('a.mohe-imgs img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+                                src: new URL(content('a.mohe-imgs img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
                                 alt: item.title,
                             },
                         ],
                         details,
                     });
-                    item.author = details.find((detail) => detail.label === '作者').value;
-                    item.category = [details.find((detail) => detail.label === '状态').value, details.find((detail) => detail.label === '类型').value.text].filter(Boolean);
-                    item.guid = `56kog-${item.link.match(/\/(\d+)\.html$/)[1]}#${pubDate}`;
+                    item.author = details.find((detail) => detail.label === '作者')!.value;
+                    item.category = [details.find((detail) => detail.label === '状态')!.value, details.find((detail) => detail.label === '类型')!.value.text].filter(Boolean);
+                    item.guid = `56kog-${item.link!.match(/\/(\d+)\.html$/)![1]}#${pubDate}`;
                     item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(pubDate), 8);
                 } catch {
                     // no-empty
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ const fetchItems = async (limit, currentUrl) => {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/591/list.tsx b/lib/routes/591/list.tsx
index 76bbe7c99a..06e36175bb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/591/list.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/591/list.tsx
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ function appendRentalAPIParams(urlString) {
 }
 
 async function getToken() {
-    const html = await client('https://rent.591.com.tw').text();
+    const html = await (client('https://rent.591.com.tw') as any).text();
 
     const $ = load(html);
     const csrfToken = $('meta[name="csrf-token"]').attr('content');
@@ -39,12 +39,14 @@ async function getToken() {
 async function getHouseList(houseListURL) {
     const csrfToken = await getToken();
 
-    const data = await client({
-        url: houseListURL,
-        headers: {
-            'X-CSRF-TOKEN': csrfToken,
-        },
-    }).json();
+    const data = await (
+        client({
+            url: houseListURL,
+            headers: {
+                'X-CSRF-TOKEN': csrfToken,
+            },
+        }) as any
+    ).json();
 
     const {
         data: { data: houseList },
diff --git a/lib/routes/5music/index.ts b/lib/routes/5music/index.ts
index bcfd1c3af7..dd8946c948 100644
--- a/lib/routes/5music/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/5music/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -84,6 +84,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '五大唱片 - 新货上架',
         link: url,
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-tw',
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/69shu/article.ts b/lib/routes/69shu/article.ts
index b01f213223..37ec9106c8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/69shu/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/69shu/article.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
             item,
             image: $('.bookimg2>img').attr('src'),
             author: $('.booknav2>p:first-of-type>a').text(),
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN',
         };
     },
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/6park/index.ts b/lib/routes/6park/index.ts
index fd6123acce..0d10a8feb2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/6park/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/6park/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,19 +45,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('#d_list ul li, #thread_list li, .t_l .t_subject')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, limit)
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
 
             return {
                 link: `${rootUrl}/${id}/${a.attr('href')}`,
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.author = detailResponse.data.match(/送交者:[^>]*>([^<]*)<\/a>/)[1].trim();
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(detailResponse.data.match(/于 (.*) 已读/)[1], 'YYYY-MM-DD h:m'), 8);
                 item.description = content('pre')
-                    .html()
+                    .html()!
                     .replaceAll('<p></p>', '')
                     .replaceAll(/<font color="#E6E6DD">6park.com<\/font>/g, '');
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/6park/news.ts b/lib/routes/6park/news.ts
index 2e6ffab358..075c49904d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/6park/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/6park/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -58,23 +58,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('#d_list ul li, #thread_list li, .t_l .t_subject')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, limit)
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             const link = a.attr('href');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}/${link.startsWith('view') ? `newspark/${link}` : link}`,
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}/${link!.startsWith('view') ? `newspark/${link}` : link}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items
-            .filter((item) => /6parknews\.com/.test(item.link))
+            .filter((item) => /6parknews\.com/.test(item.link!))
             .map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     try {
                         const detailResponse = await got({
                             method: 'get',
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         item.title = content('h2').text();
                         item.author = matches[1].trim();
                         item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(matches[2], 'YYYY-MM-DD h:m'), 8);
-                        item.description = content('#shownewsc').html().replaceAll('<p></p>', '');
+                        item.description = content('#shownewsc').html()!.replaceAll('<p></p>', '');
                     } catch {
                         // no-empty
                     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/6v123/index.ts b/lib/routes/6v123/index.ts
index 54e55a5e65..95ee35940c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/6v123/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/6v123/index.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('a').text();
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 guid,
                 id: guid,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, ['MM-DD', 'YYYY-MM-DD']) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link, {
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!, {
                     responseType: 'arrayBuffer',
                 });
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(iconv.decode(Buffer.from(detailResponse), encoding));
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 const $enclosureEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$('td a[href^="magnet"]').last();
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: new URL('images/logo.gif', baseUrl).href,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/78dm/index.ts b/lib/routes/78dm/index.ts
index fdebe88264..1cafb0a137 100644
--- a/lib/routes/78dm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/78dm/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('section.box-content div.card a.card-title')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).parent();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).parent();
 
-            const title = item.find('a.card-title').text();
+            const title = $item.find('a.card-title').text();
 
-            const src = item.find('a.card-image img').prop('data-src');
+            const src = $item.find('a.card-image img').prop('data-src');
             const image = src?.startsWith('//') ? `https:${src}` : src;
 
             const description = renderDescription({
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                       ]
                     : undefined,
             });
-            const pubDate = item.find('div.card-info span.item').last().text();
+            const pubDate = $item.find('div.card-info span.item').last().text();
 
-            const href = item.find('a.card-title').prop('href');
+            const href = $item.find('a.card-title').prop('href');
 
             return {
                 title,
@@ -53,22 +53,22 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 link: href?.startsWith('//') ? `https:${href}` : href,
                 category: [
                     ...new Set([
-                        ...item
+                        ...$item
                             .find('span.tag-title')
                             .toArray()
                             .map((c) => $(c).text()),
-                        item.find('div.card-info span.item').first().text(),
+                        $item.find('div.card-info span.item').first().text(),
                     ]),
                 ].filter(Boolean),
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -76,18 +76,18 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 $$('i.p-status').remove();
 
                 $$('div.image-text-content p img.lazy').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = $$(el);
+                    const $el = $$(el);
 
-                    const src = el.prop('data-src');
+                    const src = $el.prop('data-src');
                     const image = src?.startsWith('//') ? `https:${src}` : src;
 
-                    el.parent().replaceWith(
+                    $el.parent().replaceWith(
                         renderDescription({
                             images: image
                                 ? [
                                       {
                                           src: image,
-                                          alt: el.prop('title') ?? '',
+                                          alt: $el.prop('title') ?? '',
                                       },
                                   ]
                                 : undefined,
@@ -104,13 +104,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
                 item.title = title;
                 item.description = description;
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($$('p.push-time').text().split(/：/).pop()), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($$('p.push-time').text().split(/：/).pop()!), 8);
                 item.author = $$('a.push-username').contents().first().text();
                 item.content = {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.image-text-content').first().text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('a.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('a.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: `${title} | ${$('div.actived').text()}`,
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/7mmtv/index.tsx b/lib/routes/7mmtv/index.tsx
index 4104cf7092..4ebd5fa372 100644
--- a/lib/routes/7mmtv/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/7mmtv/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -64,23 +64,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.video')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { poster?: string; video?: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('.video-title a');
+            const title = $item.find('.video-title a');
             return {
                 title: title.text(),
-                author: item.find('.video-channel').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.small').text()),
+                author: $item.find('.video-channel').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.small').text()),
                 link: title.attr('href'),
-                poster: item.find('img').attr('data-src'),
-                video: item.find('video').attr('data-src'),
+                poster: $item.find('img').attr('data-src'),
+                video: $item.find('video').attr('data-src'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/81/81rc/index.ts b/lib/routes/81/81rc/index.ts
index 18bdf4f9aa..f5aa5e8b17 100644
--- a/lib/routes/81/81rc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/81/81rc/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -22,20 +22,20 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.left-news ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text()), 8),
-                link: item.find('a').prop('href'),
-                language,
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text()), 8),
+                link: $item.find('a').prop('href'),
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.txt').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: title.split(/-/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/8264/list.tsx b/lib/routes/8264/list.tsx
index 3a752f13ee..7e47d64d27 100644
--- a/lib/routes/8264/list.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/8264/list.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -103,20 +103,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.prop('href');
+            const link = $item.prop('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link, rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link, {
                     responseType: 'buffer',
                 });
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 content('i.pstatus').remove();
                 content('div.crly').remove();
 
-                const pubDate = content('span.pub-time').text() || content('span.fby span').first().prop('title') || content('span.fby').first().text().split('发表于').pop().trim();
+                const pubDate = content('span.pub-time').text() || content('span.fby span').first().prop('title') || content('span.fby').first().text().split('发表于').pop()!.trim();
 
                 content('img').each((_, el) => {
                     content(el).replaceWith(
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${$('span.country, h2').text()} - ${description.split(',').pop()}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content').trim(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/8world/index.ts b/lib/routes/8world/index.ts
index 285d8d1bd8..7e19b23152 100644
--- a/lib/routes/8world/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/8world/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -41,18 +41,18 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('div[data-column="Two-Third"] .article-title .article-link')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.description = content('.text-long').html();
-                item.title = content('meta[name="cXenseParse:mdc-title"]').attr('content');
+                item.title = content('meta[name="cXenseParse:mdc-title"]').attr('content')!;
                 item.author = content('meta[name="cXenseParse:author"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="cXenseParse:recs:publishtime"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="cXenseParse:recs:publishtime"]').attr('content')!);
                 item.category = content('meta[name="cXenseParse:mdc-keywords"]')
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((keyword) => content(keyword).attr('content'));
+                    .map((keyword) => content(keyword).attr('content')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/91porn/author.ts b/lib/routes/91porn/author.ts
index 6ab2df39f0..44f41fb526 100644
--- a/lib/routes/91porn/author.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/91porn/author.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,25 +53,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.row .well')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { poster?: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.video-title').text(),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                poster: item.find('.img-responsive').attr('src'),
+                title: $item.find('.video-title').text(),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                poster: $item.find('.img-responsive').attr('src'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(`91porn:${lang}:${new URL(item.link).searchParams.get('viewkey')}`, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(`91porn:${lang}:${new URL(item.link!).searchParams.get('viewkey')}`, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(data);
 
                 item.pubDate = parseDate($('.title-yakov').eq(0).text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
                 item.description = renderIndexDescription({
-                    link: item.link,
-                    poster: item.poster,
+                    link: item.link!,
+                    poster: item.poster!,
                 });
                 item.author = $('.title-yakov a span').text();
                 delete item.poster;
diff --git a/lib/routes/91porn/index.ts b/lib/routes/91porn/index.ts
index d5998e5d12..57912775da 100644
--- a/lib/routes/91porn/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/91porn/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -56,25 +56,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.row .well')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { poster?: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.video-title').text(),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                poster: item.find('.img-responsive').attr('src'),
+                title: $item.find('.video-title').text(),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                poster: $item.find('.img-responsive').attr('src'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(`91porn:${lang}:${new URL(item.link).searchParams.get('viewkey')}`, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(`91porn:${lang}:${new URL(item.link!).searchParams.get('viewkey')}`, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(data);
 
                 item.pubDate = parseDate($('.title-yakov').eq(0).text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
                 item.description = renderIndexDescription({
-                    link: item.link,
-                    poster: item.poster,
+                    link: item.link!,
+                    poster: item.poster!,
                 });
                 item.author = $('.title-yakov a span').text();
                 delete item.poster;
diff --git a/lib/routes/95mm/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/95mm/utils.tsx
index be22b86a9c..f9ae6d191b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/95mm/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/95mm/utils.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -19,21 +20,21 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx, title, currentUrl) => {
 
     let items = $('div.list-body')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                guid: a.attr('href').replace('95mm.vip', '95mm.org'),
+                guid: a.attr('href')!.replace('95mm.vip', '95mm.org'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/9to5/subsite.ts b/lib/routes/9to5/subsite.ts
index 5b8d492ab5..9898f67e07 100644
--- a/lib/routes/9to5/subsite.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/9to5/subsite.ts
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.splice(0, limit).map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const description = utils.ProcessFeed(response.data);
 
                 const single = {
-                    title: item.title,
+                    title: item.title!,
                     description,
                     pubDate: item.pubDate,
                     link: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/9to5/utils.ts b/lib/routes/9to5/utils.ts
index 3a3542b1ea..6a1da82a34 100644
--- a/lib/routes/9to5/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/9to5/utils.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (data) => {
 
     const cover = $('meta[property="og:image"]');
     if (cover.length > 0) {
-        $(`<img src=${cover[0].attribs.content}>`).insertBefore(content[0].firstChild);
+        $(`<img src=${cover[0].attribs.content}>`).insertBefore(content[0].firstChild!);
     }
 
     // remove useless DOMs
diff --git a/lib/routes/a9vg/index.ts b/lib/routes/a9vg/index.ts
index dc911e6cd1..0d1bf5e454 100644
--- a/lib/routes/a9vg/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/a9vg/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,15 +24,15 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('a.a9-rich-card-list_item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const image = item.find('img.a9-rich-card-list_image');
-            const title = item.find('div.a9-rich-card-list_label').text();
+            const image = $item.find('img.a9-rich-card-list_image');
+            const title = $item.find('div.a9-rich-card-list_label').text();
 
             return {
                 title,
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 description: renderDescription({
                     images: image
                         ? [
@@ -43,28 +43,28 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                           ]
                         : undefined,
                 }),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('div.a9-rich-card-list_infos').text()), 8),
-                language,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('div.a9-rich-card-list_infos').text()), 8),
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
 
                 $$('ignore_js_op img, p img').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = $$(el);
+                    const $el = $$(el);
 
-                    el.parent().replaceWith(
+                    $el.parent().replaceWith(
                         renderDescription({
-                            images: el.prop('file')
+                            images: $el.prop('file')
                                 ? [
                                       {
-                                          src: el.prop('file'),
-                                          alt: el.next().find('div.xs0 p').first().text(),
+                                          src: $el.prop('file'),
+                                          alt: $el.next().find('div.xs0 p').first().text(),
                                       },
                                   ]
                                 : undefined,
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
                 item.title = $$('h1.ts, div.c-article-main_content-title').text();
                 item.description = renderDescription({
-                    description: $$('td.t_f, div.c-article-main_contentraw').first().html(),
+                    description: $$('td.t_f, div.c-article-main_contentraw').first().html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.author =
                     $$('b a.blue').first().text() ||
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     ),
                     8
                 );
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: title.split(/-/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/aa1/60s.ts b/lib/routes/aa1/60s.ts
index b125d7e71a..971bc4e3ce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aa1/60s.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aa1/60s.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('header#header-div img').attr('src'),
         author: title.split(/-/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/aamacau/index.ts b/lib/routes/aamacau/index.ts
index 5e039dcc6f..daec725567 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aamacau/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aamacau/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -56,18 +56,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('post-title a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.description = content('#contentleft').html();
                 item.author = content('meta[itemprop="author"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/abc/index.ts b/lib/routes/abc/index.ts
index dbcd8dfc38..03ce451a64 100644
--- a/lib/routes/abc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/abc/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     });
 
     let items = response.collection.slice(0, limit).map((i) => {
-        const item = {
+        const item: DataItem = {
             title: i.title.children ?? i.title,
             link: i.link.startsWith('https://') ? i.link : new URL(i.link, rootUrl).href,
             description: renderDescription({
@@ -107,11 +107,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         .children()
                         .each((_, el) => {
                             const element = content(el);
-                            if (element.prop('tagName').toLowerCase() === 'figure') {
+                            if (element.prop('tagName')!.toLowerCase() === 'figure') {
                                 element.replaceWith(
                                     renderDescription({
                                         image: {
-                                            src: element.find('img').prop('src').split(/\?/, 1)[0],
+                                            src: element.find('img').prop('src')!.split(/\?/, 1)[0],
                                             alt: element.find('figcaption').text().trim(),
                                         },
                                     })
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').first().text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content').split('?', 1)[0],
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/abc/templates/description.tsx b/lib/routes/abc/templates/description.tsx
index bd407bfaa1..5018714921 100644
--- a/lib/routes/abc/templates/description.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/abc/templates/description.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
+import type { FC } from 'hono/jsx';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
-import type { JSX } from 'hono/jsx/jsx-runtime';
 
 type DescriptionData = {
     image?: {
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ type DescriptionData = {
 };
 
 const AbcDescription = ({ image, enclosure, description }: DescriptionData) => {
-    const enclosureTag = enclosure?.type?.split('/', 1)[0] as keyof JSX.IntrinsicElements | undefined;
+    const enclosureTag = enclosure?.type?.split('/', 1)[0] as unknown as FC | undefined;
 
     return (
         <>
diff --git a/lib/routes/accessbriefing/index.ts b/lib/routes/accessbriefing/index.ts
index 05bd4a039f..e5f98a566b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/accessbriefing/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/accessbriefing/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
             },
             image,
             banner: image,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
     });
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 const description =
                     item.description +
                     renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('div.khl-article-page-storybody').html(),
+                        description: $$('div.khl-article-page-storybody').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
 
                 item.title = title;
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('a.navbar-brand img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('a.navbar-brand img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/accessbriefing/templates/description.tsx b/lib/routes/accessbriefing/templates/description.tsx
index 7e005bb11f..ee0ee0d010 100644
--- a/lib/routes/accessbriefing/templates/description.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/accessbriefing/templates/description.tsx
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ const AccessBriefingDescription = ({ images, intro, description }: DescriptionDa
             ? images.map((image) =>
                   image?.src ? (
                       <figure>
-                          <img alt={image.height ?? image.width ?? image.alt} src={image.src} />
+                          <img alt={(image.height ?? image.width ?? image.alt) as string | undefined} src={image.src} />
                       </figure>
                   ) : null
               )
diff --git a/lib/routes/acfun/article.ts b/lib/routes/acfun/article.ts
index ef3f183f6d..1cc2de0d34 100644
--- a/lib/routes/acfun/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/acfun/article.ts
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 const articleInfo = $('.main script')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/window.articleInfo = (.*);\n\s*window.likeDomain/)[1];
+                    .match(/window.articleInfo = (.*);\n\s*window.likeDomain/)![1];
                 const data = JSON.parse(articleInfo);
 
                 item.description = data.parts[0].content;
diff --git a/lib/routes/acpaa/index.ts b/lib/routes/acpaa/index.ts
index 77976aa563..6fee068225 100644
--- a/lib/routes/acpaa/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/acpaa/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,19 +38,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('div.text01 ul li a[title]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.prop('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span[title]').prop('title')), 8),
+                title: $item.prop('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span[title]').prop('title')), 8),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${author} - ${subtitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         subtitle,
         author,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/acs/journal.tsx b/lib/routes/acs/journal.tsx
index 68b4b0a704..6160439ac3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/acs/journal.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/acs/journal.tsx
@@ -56,28 +56,28 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
             const $ = load(html);
 
-            title = $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content');
+            title = $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content')!;
 
             return $('.issue-item')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
+                    const $item = $(item);
 
-                    const a = item.find('.issue-item_title a');
-                    const doi = item.find('input[name="doi"]').attr('value');
+                    const a = $item.find('.issue-item_title a');
+                    const doi = $item.find('input[name="doi"]').attr('value');
 
                     return {
                         doi,
                         guid: doi,
                         title: a.text(),
                         link: `${rootUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                        pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.pub-date-value').text(), 'MMMM D, YYYY'),
-                        author: item
+                        pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.pub-date-value').text(), 'MMMM D, YYYY'),
+                        author: $item
                             .find('.issue-item_loa li')
                             .toArray()
                             .map((a) => $(a).text())
                             .join(', '),
-                        description: renderDescription(item.find('.issue-item_img').html(), item.find('.hlFld-Abstract').html()),
+                        description: renderDescription($item.find('.issue-item_img').html(), $item.find('.hlFld-Abstract').html()),
                     };
                 });
         },
diff --git a/lib/routes/adquan/case-library.ts b/lib/routes/adquan/case-library.ts
index 096685cee8..6ccafb56a2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/adquan/case-library.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/adquan/case-library.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.article_1')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('p.article_2_p').text();
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('p.infoTitle_left').text();
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.navi_logo').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[name="author"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/adquan/index.ts b/lib/routes/adquan/index.ts
index a739a7cf41..ecdfd99c4d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/adquan/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/adquan/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.article_1')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('p.article_2_p').text();
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('p.infoTitle_left').text();
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.navi_logo').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[name="author"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/aeaweb/index.tsx b/lib/routes/aeaweb/index.tsx
index d3ae3a53af..80ae98c612 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aeaweb/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/aeaweb/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -64,17 +64,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('h4.title a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').split('&', 1)[0]}`,
+                title: '',
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.split('&', 1)[0]}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -85,16 +86,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.doi = content('meta[name="citation_doi"]').attr('content');
 
                 item.guid = item.doi;
-                item.title = content('meta[name="citation_title"]').attr('content');
+                item.title = content('meta[name="citation_title"]').attr('content')!;
                 item.author = content('.author')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((a) => content(a).text().trim())
                     .join(', ');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="citation_publication_date"]').attr('content'), 'YYYY/MM');
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="citation_publication_date"]').attr('content')!, 'YYYY/MM');
                 item.description = renderToString(
                     <AeawebDescription
                         description={content('meta[name="twitter:description"]')
-                            .attr('content')
+                            .attr('content')!
                             .replace(/\(\w+ \d+\)( - )?/, '')}
                     />
                 );
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description,
         link: currentUrl,
         item: items,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/afdian/explore.ts b/lib/routes/afdian/explore.ts
index 9e03ca7431..a54dc618f1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/afdian/explore.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/afdian/explore.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 const categoryMap = {
diff --git a/lib/routes/aflcio/blog.ts b/lib/routes/aflcio/blog.ts
index e9570b925d..41c6562367 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aflcio/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aflcio/blog.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('article.article')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('header.container h1 a').first();
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('header.article-header h1').text();
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.main-logo').attr('src') ? new URL($('img.main-logo').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: title.split(/\|/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/agefans/detail.ts b/lib/routes/agefans/detail.ts
index 1cd53e2c2b..d46b13e02c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/agefans/detail.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/agefans/detail.ts
@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: a.attr('href').replace('http://', 'https://'),
+                link: a.attr('href')!.replace('http://', 'https://'),
             };
         })
         .toReversed();
diff --git a/lib/routes/agefans/update.ts b/lib/routes/agefans/update.ts
index 6121640147..10ed4ff662 100644
--- a/lib/routes/agefans/update.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/agefans/update.ts
@@ -39,20 +39,20 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.video_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = item.find('a').attr('href').replace('http://', 'https://');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = $item.find('a').attr('href')!.replace('http://', 'https://');
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
+                title: $item.text(),
                 link,
-                guid: `${link}#${item.find('.video_item--info').text()}`,
+                guid: `${link}#${$item.find('.video_item--info').text()}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items: DataItem[] = await pMap(
         list,
         (item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/agirls/topic-list.ts b/lib/routes/agirls/topic-list.ts
index feeaac7988..57add56b75 100644
--- a/lib/routes/agirls/topic-list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/agirls/topic-list.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
 import { baseUrl } from './utils';
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('.ag-topic')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.ag-topic__link').text(),
-                description: item.find('.ag-topic__summery').text(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('.ag-topic__link').attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('.ag-topic__link').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.ag-topic__summery').text(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('.ag-topic__link').attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
@@ -53,6 +53,6 @@ async function handler() {
         link,
         description: $('head meta[name=description]').attr('content'),
         item: items,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/agirls/topic.ts b/lib/routes/agirls/topic.ts
index d8c9ae56cf..42bf65b9d7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/agirls/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/agirls/topic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.ag-post-item__link')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
@@ -53,6 +53,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link,
         description: ldJson['@graph'][0].description,
         item: items,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/agirls/z-index.ts b/lib/routes/agirls/z-index.ts
index c1efd1a381..e31e4852a4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/agirls/z-index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/agirls/z-index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.ag-post-list .ag-post-item__link')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
@@ -57,6 +57,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link,
         description: $('head meta[name=description]').attr('content'),
         item: items,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/agora0/index.ts b/lib/routes/agora0/index.ts
index 8863a29862..df13b039e3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/agora0/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/agora0/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,18 +48,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.card span:not(.comments) a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.author = content('meta[name="author"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!);
                 item.description = content('.post-content').html();
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/agora0/pen0.ts b/lib/routes/agora0/pen0.ts
index 8f65d5ee8a..a225ca8b16 100644
--- a/lib/routes/agora0/pen0.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/agora0/pen0.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('div article')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, -1) // last one is a dummy
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const meta = item.find('h5').first().text();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const meta = $item.find('h5').first().text();
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3').text(),
-                link: item.find('h3 a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('h3').text(),
+                link: $item.find('h3 a').attr('href'),
                 author: meta.split('|', 1)[0].trim(),
                 pubDate: parseDate(meta.split('|', 2)[1].trim()),
             };
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 $('h1').remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/agri/index.ts b/lib/routes/agri/index.ts
index de2d4248ad..ed4c3317b2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/agri/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/agri/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,15 +24,15 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.list_li_con, div.nxw_video_com')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
 
             const title = a.text();
-            const image = item.find('img').first().prop('src') ? new URL(item.find('img').first().prop('src'), rootUrl).href : undefined;
+            const image = $item.find('img').first().prop('src') ? new URL($item.find('img').first().prop('src')!, rootUrl).href : undefined;
             const description = renderDescription({
-                intro: item.find('p.con_text').text() || undefined,
+                intro: $item.find('p.con_text').text() || undefined,
                 images: image
                     ? [
                           {
@@ -46,21 +46,21 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.con_date_span').text() || `${item.find('div.com_time_p2').text().trim()}${item.find('div.com_time_p1').text()}`, ['YYYY-MM-DD', 'YYYY.MM.DD']),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.con_date_span').text() || `${$item.find('div.com_time_p2').text().trim()}${$item.find('div.com_time_p1').text()}`, ['YYYY-MM-DD', 'YYYY.MM.DD']),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
                 content: {
                     html: description,
-                    text: item.find('p.con_text').text() || undefined,
+                    text: $item.find('p.con_text').text() || undefined,
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.content_body_box').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 item.enclosure_url = $$('div.content_body_box video').prop('src') ?? undefined;
                 item.enclosure_type = item.enclosure_url ? 'video/mp4' : undefined;
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ahjzu/news.ts b/lib/routes/ahjzu/news.ts
index 4ee5ad425f..d8749c42bc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ahjzu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ahjzu/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('#wp_news_w9')
         .find('li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const date = item.find('.column-news-date').text();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const date = $item.find('.column-news-date').text();
 
             // 置顶链接自带http前缀，其他不带，需要手动判断
-            const a = item.find('a').attr('href');
-            const link = a.slice(0, 4) === 'http' ? a : rootUrl + a;
+            const a = $item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const link = a!.startsWith('http') ? a : rootUrl + a;
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
                 link,
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(date), 8),
             };
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/aibase/daily.ts b/lib/routes/aibase/daily.ts
index e3c7efcdf1..9959ef62db 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aibase/daily.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aibase/daily.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         return {
             title: 'AI日报',
             description: '每天三分钟关注AI行业趋势',
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN',
             link: 'https://www.aibase.com/zh/daily',
             item: items,
             allowEmpty: true,
diff --git a/lib/routes/aibase/discover.ts b/lib/routes/aibase/discover.ts
index fa413dbcc1..74e805dde5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aibase/discover.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aibase/discover.ts
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     const items = processItems(apiProcs?.slice(0, limit) ?? []);
 
-    const image = new URL($('img.logo').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('img.logo').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     const author = $('title').text().split(/_/).pop();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/aibase/news.ts b/lib/routes/aibase/news.ts
index 60e8cf4446..977ae896d7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aibase/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aibase/news.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         return {
             title: 'AI新闻资讯',
             description: 'AI新闻资讯 - 不错过全球AI革新的每一个时刻',
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN',
             link: 'https://www.aibase.com/zh/news',
             item: items,
             allowEmpty: true,
diff --git a/lib/routes/aibase/topic.ts b/lib/routes/aibase/topic.ts
index e9a445caa4..214e261d5e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aibase/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aibase/topic.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     const items = processItems(apiTagProcs?.slice(0, limit) ?? []);
 
-    const image = new URL($('img.logo').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('img.logo').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     const author = $('title').text().split(/_/).pop();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/aijishu/utils.ts b/lib/routes/aijishu/utils.ts
index 6d4e2346d1..33fc382b91 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aijishu/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aijishu/utils.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ const parseArticle = (item) => {
             const $ = load(resp.data);
             desc = $('article.fmt').html();
         } catch (error) {
-            if (error.response.status === 403) {
+            if ((error as { response: { status: number } }).response.status === 403) {
                 // skip it
             } else {
                 throw error;
diff --git a/lib/routes/ainvest/article.ts b/lib/routes/ainvest/article.ts
index a638d3a357..e4bc563f27 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ainvest/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ainvest/article.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { fetchContentItems } from '@/routes/ainvest/utils';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 export const route: Route = {
     path: '/article',
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: 'AInvest - Latest Articles',
         link: 'https://www.ainvest.com/news/articles-latest/',
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ainvest/news.ts b/lib/routes/ainvest/news.ts
index 8aeb08e178..4ea4f55cd9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ainvest/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ainvest/news.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { fetchContentItems } from '@/routes/ainvest/utils';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: 'AInvest - Latest News',
         link: 'https://www.ainvest.com/news/',
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ainvest/utils.ts b/lib/routes/ainvest/utils.ts
index 9c196820a0..cb7e8b5421 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ainvest/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ainvest/utils.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -6,7 +7,7 @@ import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 const contentStreamUrl = 'https://news.ainvest.com/news-w-ds-hxcmp-content-stream/content_stream/api/stream_item/v1/query_content_stream';
 const contentPageUrl = 'https://news.ainvest.com/content-page/v1/page';
 
-const normalizeItem = (item) => ({
+const normalizeItem = (item): DataItem & { seoKey?: string } => ({
     title: item.title,
     link: item.h5_url,
     pubDate: parseDate(item.ctime, 'X'),
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ export const fetchContentItems = async (streamIds, limit) => {
 
     return Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await ofetch(`${contentPageUrl}/${item.seoKey}`);
                 const { data } = response;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/aip/journal-pupp.ts b/lib/routes/aip/journal-pupp.ts
index 5372bfb3d7..7a4adcd694 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aip/journal-pupp.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aip/journal-pupp.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     const authors = $(item).find('.entryAuthor.all').text();
                     const img = $(item).find('img').attr('src');
                     const link = $(item).find('.ref.nowrap').attr('href');
-                    const doi = link.replace('/doi/full/', '');
+                    const doi = link!.replace('/doi/full/', '');
                     const description = renderDesc(title, authors, doi, img);
                     return {
                         title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/aip/journal.ts b/lib/routes/aip/journal.ts
index f5c718e57e..8ecf94cb61 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aip/journal.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aip/journal.ts
@@ -42,16 +42,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const { data: response } = await got.get(jrnlUrl);
     const $ = load(response);
     const jrnlName = $('meta[property="og:title"]')
-        .attr('content')
-        .match(/(?:[^=]*=)?\s*([^>]+)/)[1];
+        .attr('content')!
+        .match(/(?:[^=]*=)?\s*([^>]+)/)![1];
     const publication = $('.al-article-item-wrap.al-normal');
 
     const list = publication.toArray().map((item) => {
         const title = $(item).find('.item-title a:first').text();
         const link = $(item).find('.item-title a:first').attr('href');
         const doilink = $(item).find('.citation-label a').attr('href');
-        const doi = doilink && doilink.match(/10\.\d+\/\S+/)[0];
-        const id = $(item).find('h5[data-resource-id-access]').data('resource-id-access');
+        const doi = doilink && doilink.match(/10\.\d+\/\S+/)![0];
+        const id = $(item).find('h5[data-resource-id-access]').data('resource-id-access') as string;
         const authors = $(item)
             .find('.al-authors-list')
             .find('a')
diff --git a/lib/routes/airchina/index.ts b/lib/routes/airchina/index.ts
index 8f92d8b5fd..f6bbf25da6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/airchina/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/airchina/index.ts
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler() {
             item.description = await cache.tryGet(detailLink, async () => {
                 const result = await got(detailLink);
                 const $ = load(result.data);
-                return $('.serviceMsg').html();
+                return $('.serviceMsg').html() ?? '';
             });
         })
     );
diff --git a/lib/routes/aisixiang/column.ts b/lib/routes/aisixiang/column.ts
index a3d9607f5b..55d03bc89b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aisixiang/column.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aisixiang/column.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -41,15 +41,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a[title]');
+            const a = $item.find('a[title]');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 author: a.text().split('：', 1)[0],
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text()), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `爱思想 - ${title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('div.tips').text(),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: new URL('images/logo.jpg', ossUrl).href,
         subtitle: title,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/aisixiang/thinktank.ts b/lib/routes/aisixiang/thinktank.ts
index 5e27bf2350..2452385386 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aisixiang/thinktank.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aisixiang/thinktank.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import { ossUrl, ProcessFeed, rootUrl } from './utils';
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const title = `${$('h2').first().text()}${type}`;
 
-    let items = [];
+    let items: any[] = [];
 
     const targetList = $('h3')
         .toArray()
@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     }
 
     items = items.slice(0, limit).map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
+        const $item = $(item);
 
         return {
-            title: item.text().split('：').pop(),
-            link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+            title: $item.text().split('：').pop(),
+            link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
         };
     });
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `爱思想 - ${title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('div.thinktank-author-description-box p').text(),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: new URL('images/logo_thinktank.jpg', ossUrl).href,
         subtitle: title,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/aisixiang/toplist.ts b/lib/routes/aisixiang/toplist.ts
index a4908ea578..990a70474a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aisixiang/toplist.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aisixiang/toplist.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -35,15 +35,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('div.tips a');
+            const a = $item.find('div.tips a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                author: item.find('div.name').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.times').text()),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                author: $item.find('div.name').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.times').text()),
             };
         });
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: await ProcessFeed(limit, items),
         title: `爱思想 - ${title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: new URL('images/logo_toplist.jpg', ossUrl).href,
         subtitle: title,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/aisixiang/utils.ts b/lib/routes/aisixiang/utils.ts
index befc488ba6..d63f8fae13 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aisixiang/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aisixiang/utils.ts
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (limit, items) =>
                     .find('u')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => content(c).text());
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('div.info').text().split('时间：').pop()), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('div.info').text().split('时间：').pop()!), 8);
                 item.upvotes = content('span.like-num').text() ? Number(content('span.like-num').text()) : 0;
                 item.comments = commentMatches ? Number(commentMatches[1]) : 0;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/aisixiang/zhuanti.ts b/lib/routes/aisixiang/zhuanti.ts
index 845c0773a7..249c0fd0e8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aisixiang/zhuanti.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aisixiang/zhuanti.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 author: a.text().split('：', 1)[0],
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text()), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `爱思想 - ${title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('div.tips p').text(),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: new URL('images/logo_zhuanti.jpg', ossUrl).href,
         subtitle: title,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ali213/news.ts b/lib/routes/ali213/news.ts
index bdb7b64428..985d5dac53 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ali213/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ali213/news.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image: imageSrc,
                 banner: imageSrc,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
                     try {
-                        const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                        const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                         const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                         const title: string = $$('h1.newstit').text();
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             mediaContent.each((_, el) => {
                                 const $$el: Cheerio<Element> = $$(el);
 
-                                const pEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$el.closest('p');
+                                const pEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$el.closest('p') as Cheerio<Element>;
 
                                 const mediaUrl: string | undefined = $$el.prop('src');
                                 const mediaType: string | undefined = mediaUrl?.split(/\./).pop();
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             },
                             image,
                             banner: image,
-                            language,
+                            language: language as Language,
                             media: Object.keys(media).length > 0 ? media : undefined,
                             _extra: {
                                 links: extraLinks.length > 0 ? extraLinks : undefined,
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: feedImage,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ali213/zl.ts b/lib/routes/ali213/zl.ts
index c93d750f98..7ea0074f7c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ali213/zl.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ali213/zl.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('h1.newstit').text();
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         },
                         image: item.image,
                         banner: item.image,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                         _extra: {
                             links: extraLinks.length > 0 ? extraLinks : undefined,
                         },
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: feedImage,
         author: title.split(/_/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/alicesoft/infomation.ts b/lib/routes/alicesoft/infomation.ts
index d91c0572a2..487efc7b17 100644
--- a/lib/routes/alicesoft/infomation.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/alicesoft/infomation.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -52,21 +52,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('div.cont-main li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('p.txt').text(),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: new Date(item.find('time').attr('datetime')),
+                title: $item.find('p.txt').text(),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: new Date($item.find('time').attr('datetime')!),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) => {
-            if (!item.link.startsWith(`${baseUrl}/information/`)) {
+            if (!item.link!.startsWith(`${baseUrl}/information/`)) {
                 return item;
             }
-            return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            return cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const contentResponse = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(contentResponse.data);
@@ -89,6 +89,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 .text(),
         link: url,
         item: items,
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/alistapart/index.ts b/lib/routes/alistapart/index.ts
index ded80ed7db..87901e94d6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/alistapart/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/alistapart/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { getData, getList } from './utils';
 
@@ -32,6 +32,6 @@ async function handler() {
         description: 'Articles on aListApart.com',
         logo: 'https://i0.wp.com/alistapart.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/cropped-icon_navigation-laurel-512.jpg?fit=192,192&ssl=1',
         icon: 'https://i0.wp.com/alistapart.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/cropped-icon_navigation-laurel-512.jpg?fit=32,32&ssl=1',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/alistapart/topic.ts b/lib/routes/alistapart/topic.ts
index 350a682532..863403a387 100644
--- a/lib/routes/alistapart/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/alistapart/topic.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { getData, getList } from './utils';
 
@@ -90,6 +90,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: `${topic[0].toUpperCase() + topic.slice(1)} Articles on aListApart.com`,
         logo: 'https://i0.wp.com/alistapart.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/cropped-icon_navigation-laurel-512.jpg?fit=192,192&ssl=1',
         icon: 'https://i0.wp.com/alistapart.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/cropped-icon_navigation-laurel-512.jpg?fit=32,32&ssl=1',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/aliyun/database-month.ts b/lib/routes/aliyun/database-month.ts
index be75ade658..e8f1633019 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aliyun/database-month.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aliyun/database-month.ts
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler() {
             return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const itemReponse = await got(link);
                 const itemElement = load(itemReponse.data);
-                item.description = itemElement('.content').html();
+                item.description = itemElement('.content').html() ?? '';
                 return item;
             });
         })
diff --git a/lib/routes/aliyun/developer/group.ts b/lib/routes/aliyun/developer/group.ts
index 60a01fbc9b..830e49f8ea 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aliyun/developer/group.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aliyun/developer/group.ts
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(data);
     const title = $('div[class="header-information-title"]')
         .contents()
-        .filter((element) => element.nodeType === 3)
+        .filter((element: any) => element.nodeType === 3)
         .text()
         .trim();
     const desc = $('div[class="header-information"]').find('span').last().text().trim();
@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link,
         description: desc,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const desc = item.find('.question-desc');
-            const description = item.find('.browse').text() + ' ' + desc.find('.answer').text();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const desc = $item.find('.question-desc');
+            const description = $item.find('.browse').text() + ' ' + desc.find('.answer').text();
             return {
-                title: item.find('.question-title').text().trim() || item.find('a p').text().trim(),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.time').text()),
+                title: $item.find('.question-title').text().trim() || $item.find('a p').text().trim(),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.time').text()),
                 description,
             };
         }),
diff --git a/lib/routes/aliyun/notice.ts b/lib/routes/aliyun/notice.ts
index 027bf7452c..fe8753365b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aliyun/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aliyun/notice.ts
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((e) => {
             const element = $(e);
             const title = element.find('a').text().trim();
-            const link = 'https://help.aliyun.com' + element.find('a').attr('href').trim();
+            const link = 'https://help.aliyun.com' + element.find('a').attr('href')!.trim();
             const date = element.find('.y-right').text();
             const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(date), 8);
             return {
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                 const itemReponse = await got(item.link);
                 const itemElement = load(itemReponse.data);
-                item.description = itemElement('#se-knowledge').html();
+                item.description = itemElement('#se-knowledge').html() ?? '';
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/aljazeera/index.tsx b/lib/routes/aljazeera/index.tsx
index 5905d5fcaa..a5db835806 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aljazeera/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/aljazeera/index.tsx
@@ -95,10 +95,10 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         : $('.u-clickable-card__link')
               .toArray()
               .map((item) => {
-                  item = $(item);
+                  const $item = $(item);
 
                   return {
-                      link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                      link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
                   };
               });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ally/rail.ts b/lib/routes/ally/rail.ts
index 2d18beac54..d3b8699623 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ally/rail.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ally/rail.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
@@ -65,33 +66,33 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         links = $('.left a, .container_left a').toArray();
     }
 
-    let items = links
+    let items: DataItem[] = links
         .map((link) => {
-            link = $(link);
-            const url = link.attr('href');
+            const $link = $(link);
+            const url = $link.attr('href');
             const urlMatch = url && url.match(/\/html\/(\d{4})\/\w+_(\d{4})\/\d+\.html/);
             if (!urlMatch) {
                 return null;
             }
-            const title = link.text();
+            const title = $link.text();
             return {
                 title,
                 link: url.startsWith('/') ? `${rootUrl}${url}` : url,
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(`${urlMatch[1]}${urlMatch[2]}`), 8),
             };
         })
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[];
     const uniqueItems: DataItem[] = [];
     for (const item of items) {
         if (uniqueItems.every((uniqueItem) => uniqueItem.link !== item?.link)) {
             uniqueItems.push(item!);
         }
     }
-    items = uniqueItems.toSorted((a, b) => b.pubDate - a.pubDate).slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') || 20);
+    items = uniqueItems.toSorted((a, b) => Number(b.pubDate) - Number(a.pubDate)).slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') || 20);
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 // fix weird format
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         .each((_, child) => {
                             const $child = $(child);
                             let innerHtml;
-                            if (child.name === 'div') {
+                            if ((child as Element).name === 'div') {
                                 innerHtml = $child.html();
                                 innerHtml &&= innerHtml.trim();
                                 description += !innerHtml || innerHtml === '&nbsp;' ? (description ? '<br>' : '') : innerHtml;
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         });
                 } else {
                     // http://rail.ally.net.cn/html/2022/InviteTen_0407/4686.html
-                    description = $('div.content div').first().html();
+                    description = $('div.content div').first().html() ?? '';
                 }
 
                 description = description.replace(/\s*<br ?\/?>\s*$/, ''); // trim <br> at the end
diff --git a/lib/routes/alwayscontrol/news.ts b/lib/routes/alwayscontrol/news.ts
index 3e900aa1ed..47a1c4962c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/alwayscontrol/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/alwayscontrol/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler() {
     // 解析新闻列表
     const list = $('div.grid > a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const image = $item.find('img').attr('src');
 
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ async function handler() {
     // 获取每篇新闻的详细内容
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
-            if (new URL(item.link).host === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
+            if (new URL(item.link!).host === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                 return finishArticleItem({ ...item, guid: item.link });
             }
 
-            return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            return cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const $detail = load(detailResponse.data);
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ async function handler() {
         title: 'Always Control - 最新动态',
         link: listUrl,
         description: 'Always Control（旭衡电子）- 智能能源管理系统解决方案专家最新动态',
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
         image: `${baseUrl}/logo.png`,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/amazfitwatchfaces/index.ts b/lib/routes/amazfitwatchfaces/index.ts
index a4a54df796..70258ed896 100644
--- a/lib/routes/amazfitwatchfaces/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/amazfitwatchfaces/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.wf-panel')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.prop('title');
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.page-title h1').text();
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, 'DD.MM.YYYY HH:mm') : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.mainlogolg').attr('src') ? new URL($('img.mainlogolg').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/amazon/kindle-software-updates.tsx b/lib/routes/amazon/kindle-software-updates.tsx
index a26c078831..193d7a1980 100644
--- a/lib/routes/amazon/kindle-software-updates.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/amazon/kindle-software-updates.tsx
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 website: `${url}?nodeId=${nodeIdValue}`,
                 description: $(item)
                     .find('.a-column.a-span8')
-                    .html()
+                    .html()!
                     .replaceAll(/[\t\n]/g, ''),
             };
             return data;
diff --git a/lib/routes/android/platform-tools-releases.ts b/lib/routes/android/platform-tools-releases.ts
index 974d49c3f9..168ca992a5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/android/platform-tools-releases.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/android/platform-tools-releases.ts
@@ -48,20 +48,20 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('h4')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.attr('data-text');
+            const title = $item.attr('data-text');
 
             let description = '';
-            item.nextUntil('h4').each((_, el) => {
+            $item.nextUntil('h4').each((_, el) => {
                 description += $(el).html();
             });
 
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 description,
-                link: `${currentUrl}#${item.attr('id')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(title.match(/\((.*)\)/)[1], 'MMMM YYYY'),
+                link: `${currentUrl}#${$item.attr('id')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate(title!.match(/\((.*)\)/)![1], 'MMMM YYYY'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/annualreviews/index.ts b/lib/routes/annualreviews/index.ts
index b4a223bf6b..e499a5b705 100644
--- a/lib/routes/annualreviews/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/annualreviews/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -51,18 +51,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('entry')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const doi = item.find('id').text().split('doi=').pop();
+            const doi = $item.find('id').text().split('doi=').pop();
 
             return {
                 doi,
                 guid: doi,
-                title: item.find('title').text(),
-                link: item.find('link').attr('href').split('?', 1)[0],
-                description: item.find('content').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('published').text()),
-                author: item
+                title: $item.find('title').text(),
+                link: $item.find('link').attr('href')!.split('?', 1)[0],
+                description: $item.find('content').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('published').text()),
+                author: $item
                     .find('author name')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((a) => $(a).text())
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.guid, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.guid!, async () => {
                 const apiUrl = `${apiRootUrl}/works/${item.doi}`;
 
                 const detailResponse = await got({
@@ -95,6 +95,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: $('subtitle').first().text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         item: items,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/anquanke/category.ts b/lib/routes/anquanke/category.ts
index 90911962e9..107a0c09a7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/anquanke/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/anquanke/category.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         ? await cache.tryGet(art_url, async () => {
                               const { data: res } = await got(art_url);
                               const content = load(res);
-                              return content('#js-article').html();
+                              return content('#js-article').html() ?? '';
                           })
                         : item.desc,
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.date), 8),
diff --git a/lib/routes/anthropic/red.ts b/lib/routes/anthropic/red.ts
index e39335e502..b48ea07ae4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/anthropic/red.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/anthropic/red.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('a[class^="note"]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((element) => {
+        .map((element): DataItem => {
             const $e = $(element);
             return {
                 title: $e.find('h2, h3').text().trim(),
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = await pMap(
         list,
         (item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 item.pubDate = parseDate($('d-article p').first().text().trim());
diff --git a/lib/routes/anthropic/research.ts b/lib/routes/anthropic/research.ts
index 9a7baa33b6..d2b630087e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/anthropic/research.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/anthropic/research.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -70,17 +70,19 @@ async function handler() {
     const publicationSections = sections.filter((section) => section?.title === 'Publications');
     const posts = publicationSections
         .flatMap((section) => section?.posts ?? [])
-        .map((post) => ({
-            title: post.title,
-            link: `https://www.anthropic.com/research/${post.slug.current}`,
-            pubDate: parseDate(post.publishedOn),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (post): DataItem => ({
+                title: post.title,
+                link: `https://www.anthropic.com/research/${post.slug.current}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate(post.publishedOn),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await pMap(
         posts,
         (item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 const content = $('#main-content > article');
diff --git a/lib/routes/anytxt/release-notes.ts b/lib/routes/anytxt/release-notes.ts
index e28d2a4a18..e4dafa1812 100644
--- a/lib/routes/anytxt/release-notes.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/anytxt/release-notes.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('p.has-medium-font-size')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.text();
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/apache/apisix/blog.ts b/lib/routes/apache/apisix/blog.ts
index 8bf1d32742..43eed0377f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apache/apisix/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apache/apisix/blog.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ async function getArticles() {
             title: a.find('h2').text(),
             description: a.find('p').text(),
             link: a.attr('href'),
-            pubDate: parseDate($(elem).find('footer').find('time').attr('datetime')),
+            pubDate: parseDate($(elem).find('footer').find('time').attr('datetime')!),
             category: $(elem)
                 .find('header div a')
                 .toArray()
diff --git a/lib/routes/apkpure/versions.ts b/lib/routes/apkpure/versions.ts
index 93f2e5b6db..e03afa5f18 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apkpure/versions.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apkpure/versions.ts
@@ -43,19 +43,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     await context.close();
 
     const $ = load(r);
-    const img = new URL($('.ver-top img').attr('src'));
+    const img = new URL($('.ver-top img').attr('src')!);
     img.searchParams.delete('w'); // get full resolution icon
 
     const items = $('.ver li')
         .toArray()
         .map((ver) => {
-            ver = $(ver);
+            const $ver = $(ver);
             return {
-                title: ver.find('.ver-item-n').text(),
-                description: ver.html(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${ver.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                title: $ver.find('.ver-item-n').text(),
+                description: $ver.html(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$ver.find('a').attr('href')}`,
                 pubDate: parseDate(
-                    ver
+                    $ver
                         .find('.update-on')
                         .text()
                         .replaceAll(/年|月/g, '-')
diff --git a/lib/routes/apnews/mobile-api.ts b/lib/routes/apnews/mobile-api.ts
index 7263daa9dc..64260ffdf0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apnews/mobile-api.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apnews/mobile-api.ts
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return;
         })
         .filter(Boolean)
-        .toSorted((a, b) => b.pubDate - a.pubDate)
+        .toSorted((a, b) => Number(b!.pubDate) - Number(a!.pubDate))
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20);
 
     const items = ctx.req.query('fulltext') === 'true' ? await pMap(list, (item) => fetchArticle(item), { concurrency: 10 }) : list;
diff --git a/lib/routes/apnews/rss.ts b/lib/routes/apnews/rss.ts
index 8a2889422a..8c10b14280 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apnews/rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apnews/rss.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
 
@@ -46,5 +46,5 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         ...res,
         item: items,
-    };
+    } as unknown as Data;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/apnews/sitemap.ts b/lib/routes/apnews/sitemap.ts
index 3d61a0c0af..9e443a2bdc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apnews/sitemap.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apnews/sitemap.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     .find(String.raw`news\:language`)
                     .text()
             );
-            let res = { link: $(e).find('loc').text() };
+            let res: DataItem & { link: string; lastmod?: Date } = { link: $(e).find('loc').text(), title: '' };
             if (title) {
                 res = Object.assign(res, { title });
             }
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return res;
         })
         .filter((e) => Boolean(e.link) && !new URL(e.link).pathname.split('/').includes('hub'))
-        .toSorted((a, b) => (a.pubDate && b.pubDate ? b.pubDate - a.pubDate : b.lastmod - a.lastmod))
+        .toSorted((a, b) => (a.pubDate && b.pubDate ? Number(b.pubDate) - Number(a.pubDate) : Number(b.lastmod) - Number(a.lastmod)))
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20);
 
     const items = ctx.req.query('fulltext') === 'true' ? await pMap(list, (item) => fetchArticle(item), { concurrency: 20 }) : list;
diff --git a/lib/routes/apnews/topics.ts b/lib/routes/apnews/topics.ts
index cdb8eeb919..4e35540e21 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apnews/topics.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apnews/topics.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         description: $("meta[property='og:description']").text(),
         link: url,
-        item: removeDuplicateByKey(items, 'link'),
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        item: removeDuplicateByKey(items, 'link') as DataItem[],
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/apnic/index.ts b/lib/routes/apnic/index.ts
index fcf98adb86..8f0b6db312 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apnic/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apnic/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ async function handler() {
     // 从 RSS XML 中直接提取文章信息
     const list = $('item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             return {
                 title: $item.find('title').text(),
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: articleData } = await got(item.link);
                 const $article = load(articleData);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/app-sales/index.ts b/lib/routes/app-sales/index.ts
index ffbc99d8f2..d8ffb40968 100644
--- a/lib/routes/app-sales/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/app-sales/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.brand-logo img').attr('src') ? new URL($('a.brand-logo img').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: title.split(/\|/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/app-sales/mostwanted.ts b/lib/routes/app-sales/mostwanted.ts
index 90ea983392..4f0932d309 100644
--- a/lib/routes/app-sales/mostwanted.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/app-sales/mostwanted.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.brand-logo img').attr('src') ? new URL($('a.brand-logo img').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: title.split(/\|/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/app-sales/util.tsx b/lib/routes/app-sales/util.tsx
index 4f5c2e08ce..a508a5dbb8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/app-sales/util.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/app-sales/util.tsx
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ const processItems = ($: CheerioAPI, selector: string): DataItem[] =>
     $(selector)
         .toArray()
         .map((el) => {
-            const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
+            const $el = $(el) as Cheerio<Element>;
 
             const appName: string = $el.find('p.app-name').text()?.trim();
             const appDev: string = $el.find('p.app-dev').text()?.trim();
diff --git a/lib/routes/apple/apps.ts b/lib/routes/apple/apps.ts
index cf854838fb..d0f4b20146 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apple/apps.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apple/apps.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const artistName = attributes.artistName;
     const platformAttributes = attributes.platformAttributes;
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
+    let items: any[] = [];
     let title: string;
     let description = '';
     let image = '';
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image = platformAttribute.iconArtwork?.url?.replace('{w}x{h}{c}.{f}', '3000x3000bb.webp');
     } else {
         title = appName;
-        for (const [pid, platformAttribute] of Object.entries(platformAttributes)) {
+        for (const [pid, platformAttribute] of Object.entries<any>(platformAttributes)) {
             items = [
                 ...items,
                 ...platformAttribute.versionHistory.map((v) => ({
diff --git a/lib/routes/apple/exchange-repair.ts b/lib/routes/apple/exchange-repair.ts
index 1f879c470e..64d595a11b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apple/exchange-repair.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apple/exchange-repair.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,19 +39,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('section.as-container-column')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('.icon-chevronright').parent();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('.icon-chevronright').parent();
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), host).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.note').text(), ['MMMM D, YYYY', 'D MMMM YYYY', 'YYYY 年 M 月 D 日']),
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, host).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.note').text(), ['MMMM D, YYYY', 'D MMMM YYYY', 'YYYY 年 M 月 D 日']),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $$ = load(response.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/apple/newsroom.ts b/lib/routes/apple/newsroom.ts
index 949b2dce19..958314dc12 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apple/newsroom.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apple/newsroom.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Item } from 'rss-parser';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ const extractArticleDescription = ($: CheerioAPI) => {
     return article.html() ?? undefined;
 };
 
-const fetchArticle = (item: Item & { link: string }) =>
+const fetchArticle = (item: Item & { link: string; author?: string }) =>
     cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
         const response = await ofetch(item.link);
         const $ = load(response);
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         feedLink: feedUrl,
         description: 'Apple 新闻中心是 Apple 新闻的来源。阅读新闻稿、获取最新消息、观看视频和下载图片。',
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/apple/podcast.ts b/lib/routes/apple/podcast.ts
index ffaaaeec0e..2e5adc9d36 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apple/podcast.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apple/podcast.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const bearerToken = await cache.tryGet(
         'apple:podcast:bearer',
         async () => {
-            const moduleAddress = new URL($('head script[type="module"]').attr('src'), baseUrl).href;
+            const moduleAddress = new URL($('head script[type="module"]').attr('src')!, baseUrl).href;
             const modulesResponse = await ofetch(moduleAddress, {
                 parseResponse: (txt) => txt,
             });
diff --git a/lib/routes/apple/security-releases.ts b/lib/routes/apple/security-releases.ts
index 54f5330653..1ebf493fea 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apple/security-releases.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apple/security-releases.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $trEls
         .slice(1, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const titleEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('td').first();
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     text: description,
                 },
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, ['DD MMM YYYY', 'YYYY 年 MM 月 DD 日']) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = item.title ?? $$('h1.gb-header').text();
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 const description: string | undefined =
                     item.description +
                     renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('div#sections').html(),
+                        description: $$('div#sections').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = detailResponse.match(/publish_date:\s"(\d{8})",/, '')?.[1];
                 const authors: DataItem['author'] = $$('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content');
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, 'MMDDYYYY') : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/appleinsider/index.ts b/lib/routes/appleinsider/index.ts
index 227b4c299d..518bb0bc6e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/appleinsider/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/appleinsider/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,18 +48,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $(`${category === '' ? '#news-river ' : ''}.river`)
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).find('a').first();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.title = content('.h1-adjust').text();
                 item.author = content('.avatar-link a').attr('title');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('time').first().attr('datetime'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('time').first().attr('datetime')!);
                 item.description = content('header').next('.row').html();
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/appstore/price.ts b/lib/routes/appstore/price.ts
index 829df08ea3..aba710ac68 100644
--- a/lib/routes/appstore/price.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/appstore/price.ts
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         result = res.data.results.macapps;
     }
 
-    const item = [];
+    const item: any[] = [];
 
     const title = `${country === 'cn' ? '限免提醒' : 'Price watcher'}: ${result.title} for ${type === 'macapps' ? 'macOS' : 'iOS'}`;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/appstorrent/programs.tsx b/lib/routes/appstorrent/programs.tsx
index 009ca2d296..2a9b1cda04 100644
--- a/lib/routes/appstorrent/programs.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/appstorrent/programs.tsx
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
-import type { Options } from '@/utils/got';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ async function handler(ctx?: Context): Promise<Data> {
     const limit = ctx?.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx?.req.query('limit') ?? '20') : 20;
     const baseUrl = 'https://appstorrent.ru';
     const currentUrl = `${baseUrl}/programs/`;
-    const gotOptions: Options = {
+    const gotOptions: Parameters<typeof got>[1] = {
         http2: true,
     };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/aqara/news.ts b/lib/routes/aqara/news.ts
index e28bfe468d..4a5ea99f47 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aqara/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aqara/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         )
     );
 
-    const icon = $('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href').split('?', 1)[0];
+    const icon = $('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!.split('?', 1)[0];
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/aqara/post.tsx b/lib/routes/aqara/post.tsx
index bcdc2aeab7..b69c7ebc0f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aqara/post.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/aqara/post.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${title}${filterName ? ` - ${filterName}` : ''}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:title"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('meta[property="og:locale"]').prop('content'),
+        language: $('meta[property="og:locale"]').prop('content') as Language,
         image: $('meta[name="msapplication-TileImage"]').prop('content'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/aqara/region.ts b/lib/routes/aqara/region.ts
index d8954d3c94..d130d9e3b8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aqara/region.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aqara/region.ts
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@ function handler(ctx) {
 
     const { region = 'en', type = 'news' } = ctx.req.param();
     const redirectTo = `/aqara/${region}/category/${types[type]}`;
-    ctx.set('redirect', redirectTo);
+    return ctx.set('redirect', redirectTo);
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/aqicn/aqi.ts b/lib/routes/aqicn/aqi.ts
index 6f07c3e636..e6e8217b1d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aqicn/aqi.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aqicn/aqi.ts
@@ -19,22 +19,20 @@ export const route: Route = {
     maintainers: ['ladeng07'],
     handler,
     url: 'aqicn.org',
-    descriptions: `
-|   参数   | 污染成分 |
-| -------- | -------- |
-|   pm25   |  PM2.5   |
-|   pm10   |  PM10    |
-|   o3     |  O3      |
-|   no2    |  NO2     |
-|   so2    |  SO2     |
-|   co     |  CO      |
+    description: `| 参数 | 污染成分 |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| pm25 | PM2.5    |
+| pm10 | PM10     |
+| o3   | O3       |
+| no2  | NO2      |
+| so2  | SO2      |
+| co   | CO       |
 
-举例: [https://rsshub.app/aqicn/beijing/pm25,pm10](https://rsshub.app/aqicn/beijing/pm25,pm10)
+举例: <https://rsshub.app/aqicn/beijing/pm25,pm10>
 
-1. 显示单个污染成分，例如「pm25」, [https://rsshub.app/aqicn/beijing/pm25](https://rsshub.app/aqicn/beijing/pm25)
-2. 逗号分隔显示多个污染成分，例如「pm25,pm10」，[https://rsshub.app/aqicn/beijing/pm25,pm10](https://rsshub.app/aqicn/beijing/pm25,pm10)
-3. 城市子站 ID 获取方法：右键显示网页源代码，搜索 "idx" （带双冒号），后面的 ID 就是子站的 ID，如你给的链接 ID 是 4258，RSS 地址就是 [https://rsshub.app/aqicn/4258](https://rsshub.app/aqicn/4258)
-`,
+1. 显示单个污染成分，例如「pm25」, <https://rsshub.app/aqicn/beijing/pm25>
+2. 逗号分隔显示多个污染成分，例如「pm25,pm10」，<https://rsshub.app/aqicn/beijing/pm25,pm10>
+3. 城市子站 ID 获取方法：右键显示网页源代码，搜索 "idx" （带双冒号），后面的 ID 就是子站的 ID，如你给的链接 ID 是 4258，RSS 地址就是 <https://rsshub.app/aqicn/4258>`,
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/arcteryx/regear-new-arrivals.tsx b/lib/routes/arcteryx/regear-new-arrivals.tsx
index bd6b4773ea..06e7c3e3e1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/arcteryx/regear-new-arrivals.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/arcteryx/regear-new-arrivals.tsx
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(data);
     const contents = $('script:contains("window.__PRELOADED_STATE__")').text();
     const regex = /\{.*\}/;
-    let items = JSON.parse(contents.match(regex)[0]).shop.items;
+    let items = JSON.parse(contents.match(regex)![0]).shop.items;
     items = items.filter((item) => item.availableSizes.length !== 0);
 
     const list = items.map((item) => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/arcteryx/utils.ts b/lib/routes/arcteryx/utils.ts
index 13cbda2296..2342802265 100644
--- a/lib/routes/arcteryx/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/arcteryx/utils.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 function generateRssData(item, index, arr, country) {
     const attributeSet = new Set(['name', 'image', 'short_description', 'slug', `price_${country}`, `discount_price_${country}`]);
     const attributes = item.attribute;
-    const data = {};
+    const data = {} as Record<string, any>;
 
     for (const attribute of attributes) {
         const key = attribute.name;
diff --git a/lib/routes/aschmelyun/blog.ts b/lib/routes/aschmelyun/blog.ts
index 0a2b43cbbe..6b78722256 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aschmelyun/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aschmelyun/blog.ts
@@ -26,17 +26,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('div.rounded-lg')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a.text-xl').first();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a.text-xl').first();
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), 'https://aschmelyun.com/blog/').href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.text-sm').text()),
-                category: item
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, 'https://aschmelyun.com/blog/').href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.text-sm').text()),
+                category: $item
                     .find('a.rounded-full')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((cat) => $(cat).text().trim()),
-                description: item.find('p').first().text(),
+                description: $item.find('p').first().text(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/categories.ts b/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/categories.ts
index 15367ada38..f16283e6ce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/categories.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/categories.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.listBlocks ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('div.storyDetails h3 a');
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.story_title h1').text();
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const extraLinkEls: Element[] = $$('div.extrasStory ul li').toArray();
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.logo').attr('src'),
         author: title.split(/-/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/news.ts b/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/news.ts
index 94a2477ac8..ff2fa1c66d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/news.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.listBlocks ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('div.storyDetails h3 a');
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.story_title h1').text();
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const extraLinkEls: Element[] = $$('div.extrasStory ul li').toArray();
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.logo').attr('src'),
         author: title.split(/-/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/asiantolick/index.ts b/lib/routes/asiantolick/index.ts
index d9996974d2..9df0f2b37e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/asiantolick/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/asiantolick/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     const apiUrl = new URL('ajax/buscar_posts.php', rootUrl).href;
     const currentUrl = new URL(category.replace(/^(tag|category)?\/(\d+)/, '$1-$2'), rootUrl).href;
 
-    const searchParams = {};
+    const searchParams: Record<string, any> = {};
     const matches = category.match(/^(tag|category|search|page)?[/-]?(\w+)/);
 
     if (matches) {
@@ -53,14 +53,14 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('a.miniatura')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const image = item.find('div.background_miniatura img');
+            const image = $item.find('div.background_miniatura img');
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('div.base_tt').text(),
-                link: item.prop('href'),
+                title: $item.find('div.base_tt').text(),
+                link: $item.prop('href'),
                 description: renderDescription({
                     images: image
                         ? [
@@ -71,25 +71,25 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                           ]
                         : undefined,
                 }),
-                author: item.find('.author').text(),
-                category: item
+                author: $item.find('.author').text(),
+                category: $item
                     .find('.category')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text()),
-                guid: image ? image.prop('post-id') : item.link.match(/\/(\d+)/)[1],
+                guid: image ? image.prop('post-id') : ($item as any).link.match(/\/(\d+)/)[1],
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                 item.title = content('h1').text();
                 item.description = renderDescription({
-                    description: content('#metadata_qrcode').html(),
+                    description: content('#metadata_qrcode').html() ?? undefined,
                     images: content('div.miniatura')
                         .toArray()
                         .map((i) => ({
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         title: title === 'Asian To Lick' ? title : `Asian To Lick - ${title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('meta[name="msapplication-TileImage"]').prop('content'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/asus/gpu-tweak.ts b/lib/routes/asus/gpu-tweak.ts
index 75e87aad69..188143de8f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/asus/gpu-tweak.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/asus/gpu-tweak.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -37,22 +37,22 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('section div.inner div.item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            item.find('.last').remove();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            $item.find('.last').remove();
             return {
-                title: item.find('.ver h6').text().trim(),
-                description: item.find('.btnbox a.open_patch_lightbox').attr('data-info'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.ti').text()),
-                link: item.find('.btnbox a[download=]').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('.ver h6').text().trim(),
+                description: $item.find('.btnbox a.open_patch_lightbox').attr('data-info'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.ti').text()),
+                link: $item.find('.btnbox a[download=]').attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         description: $('meta[name=description]').attr('content'),
-        image: new URL($('head link[rel="shortcut icon"]').attr('href'), pageUrl).href,
+        image: new URL($('head link[rel="shortcut icon"]').attr('href')!, pageUrl).href,
         link: pageUrl,
         item: items,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/atcoder/contest.ts b/lib/routes/atcoder/contest.ts
index bba128343b..1201752bca 100644
--- a/lib/routes/atcoder/contest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/atcoder/contest.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -68,18 +68,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('tr')
         .slice(1, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).find('td a').eq(1);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).find('td a').eq(1);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}?lang=${language}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}?lang=${language}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/atcoder/post.ts b/lib/routes/atcoder/post.ts
index 18e2ff9379..b8d545eaa5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/atcoder/post.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/atcoder/post.ts
@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.panel')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.panel-title').text(),
-                description: item.find('.panel-body').html(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.find('.panel-title a').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.timeago').attr('datetime')), 9),
+                title: $item.find('.panel-title').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.panel-body').html(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.find('.panel-title a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.timeago').attr('datetime')!), 9),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/augmentcode/blog.tsx b/lib/routes/augmentcode/blog.tsx
index a0cfba8c5c..1dcf7c76f3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/augmentcode/blog.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/augmentcode/blog.tsx
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div[data-slot="card"]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('div[data-slot="card-content"]').text();
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('article h1').text();
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     const $$authorEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$(authorEl);
 
                     return {
-                        name: $$authorEl.attr('content'),
+                        name: $$authorEl.attr('content')!,
                         url: undefined,
                         avatar: undefined,
                     };
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: title.split(/-/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/auto-stats/index.ts b/lib/routes/auto-stats/index.ts
index dd9b81d8e8..2ae24337af 100644
--- a/lib/routes/auto-stats/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/auto-stats/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,22 +44,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('a.dnews font')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.text();
+            const title = $item.text();
             const pubDate = title.match(/(\d{4}(?:\/\d{1,2}){2}\s\d{1,2}(?::\d{2}){2})/)?.[1] ?? undefined;
 
             return {
                 title: title.replace(/●/, '').split(/（\d+/, 1)[0],
-                link: new URL(item.parent().prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(pubDate, 'YYYY/M/D H:mm:ss'), 8),
+                link: new URL($item.parent().prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(pubDate!, 'YYYY/M/D H:mm:ss'), 8),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link, {
                     responseType: 'buffer',
                 });
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: subtitle,
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         subtitle,
         allowEmpty: true,
diff --git a/lib/routes/azul/packages.ts b/lib/routes/azul/packages.ts
index 8a29eb08a8..55a204c411 100644
--- a/lib/routes/azul/packages.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/azul/packages.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             category: categories,
             guid,
             id: guid,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         const enclosureUrl: string | undefined = item.download_url;
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/azurlane/news.ts b/lib/routes/azurlane/news.ts
index a0b38daab7..6b824a1772 100644
--- a/lib/routes/azurlane/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/azurlane/news.ts
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ const ja: Route['handler'] = async (ctx) => {
     return {
         title: `アズールレーン - ${JP[type]}`,
         link: 'https://www.azurlane.jp/news',
-        language: 'ja-JP',
+        language: 'ja',
         image: 'https://play-lh.googleusercontent.com/9QTLYD2_Jd6OIKHwRHkEBnFAgPmVKJwf2xmHjzPk-5w0SRLZumsCoQZGlO8d_kB3Gdld=w480-h960-rw',
         icon: 'https://play-lh.googleusercontent.com/9QTLYD2_Jd6OIKHwRHkEBnFAgPmVKJwf2xmHjzPk-5w0SRLZumsCoQZGlO8d_kB3Gdld=w480-h960-rw',
         logo: 'https://play-lh.googleusercontent.com/9QTLYD2_Jd6OIKHwRHkEBnFAgPmVKJwf2xmHjzPk-5w0SRLZumsCoQZGlO8d_kB3Gdld=w480-h960-rw',
diff --git a/lib/routes/backlinko/blog.ts b/lib/routes/backlinko/blog.ts
index a90fe1bde0..e9699991a8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/backlinko/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/backlinko/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async function handler() {
         props: { pageProps },
     } = nextData;
 
-    const posts = [...pageProps.posts.nodes, ...pageProps.backlinkoLockedPosts.nodes].map((post) => ({
+    const posts = [...pageProps.posts.nodes, ...pageProps.backlinkoLockedPosts.nodes].map((post): DataItem & { apiUrl: string } => ({
         title: post.title,
         link: `${baseUrl}/${post.slug}`,
         pubDate: parseDate(post.modified),
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         posts.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(item.apiUrl);
                 const post = data.pageProps.post || data.pageProps.lockedPost;
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler() {
         title: pageProps.page.seo.title,
         description: pageProps.page.seo.metaDesc,
         link,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/bad/index.ts b/lib/routes/bad/index.ts
index ac4654c4d1..169a966433 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bad/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bad/index.ts
@@ -35,18 +35,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.entry')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a.title');
+            const a = $item.find('a.title');
 
-            item.find('img').each((_, el) => {
+            $item.find('img').each((_, el) => {
                 $(el).attr('src', $(el).attr('data-echo'));
                 $(el).removeClass('lazy');
                 $(el).removeAttr('data-echo');
                 $(el).removeAttr('id');
             });
 
-            item.find('video').each((_, el) => {
+            $item.find('video').each((_, el) => {
                 $(el).attr('poster', $(el).attr('data-echo'));
                 $(el).removeAttr('data-echo');
                 $(el).removeAttr('onerror');
@@ -56,10 +56,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                description: item.find('.coverdiv').html(),
-                author: item.find('.author').text().trim(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('time').attr('datetime')), 8),
-                category: item
+                description: $item.find('.coverdiv').html(),
+                author: $item.find('.author').text().trim(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').attr('datetime')!), 8),
+                category: $item
                     .find('.label')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((l) => $(l).text().trim()),
diff --git a/lib/routes/baidu/search.tsx b/lib/routes/baidu/search.tsx
index 72beec7aa1..9238e56560 100644
--- a/lib/routes/baidu/search.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/baidu/search.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -79,6 +79,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${keyword} - 百度搜索`,
         description: `${keyword} - 百度搜索`,
         link: url,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/baidu/tieba/post.tsx b/lib/routes/baidu/tieba/post.tsx
index e3b1b89cb8..975dd947e6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/baidu/tieba/post.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/baidu/tieba/post.tsx
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const html = await getPost(id, lz);
     const $ = load(html);
 
-    const title = $('.pb-title-wrap .pb-title').text().trim() || '';
+    const title = $('.pb-title-wrap .pb-title').text().trim();
 
     // 使用新的 Vue 渲染页面选择器 - 只选择 virtual-list-item 避免重复
     const list = $('.virtual-list-item');
diff --git a/lib/routes/baidu/top.tsx b/lib/routes/baidu/top.tsx
index f62471298d..9c0c915982 100644
--- a/lib/routes/baidu/top.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/baidu/top.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Comment } from 'domhandler';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
@@ -53,12 +54,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(response);
 
-    const { data } = JSON.parse(
-        $('#sanRoot')
-            .contents()
-            .filter((e) => e.nodeType === 8)
-            .prevObject[0].data.match(/s-data:(.*)/)[1]
-    );
+    const sDataMatch = $('#sanRoot')
+        .contents()
+        .toArray()
+        .find((e): e is Comment => e.nodeType === 8)
+        ?.data.match(/s-data:(.*)/);
+    if (!sDataMatch) {
+        throw new Error('Unable to find s-data in page');
+    }
+    const { data } = JSON.parse(sDataMatch[1]);
 
     const items = data.cards[0].content.map((item) => ({
         title: item.word,
diff --git a/lib/routes/bakamh/manga.ts b/lib/routes/bakamh/manga.ts
index 3bad01f2f8..17abe20cd5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bakamh/manga.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bakamh/manga.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
     const list = $('li.wp-manga-chapter')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, limit)
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const itemDate = $item.find('i').text().replaceAll(' ', '');
 
@@ -36,14 +36,14 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 const comicpage = $('div.reading-content img');
                 const containerDiv = $('<div class="image-container"></div>');
                 comicpage.appendTo(containerDiv);
                 item.description = containerDiv.html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate, 'YYYY年M月D日');
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate!, 'YYYY年M月D日');
                 return item;
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/bandcamp/live.ts b/lib/routes/bandcamp/live.ts
index 03024db9f3..876f8cc57e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bandcamp/live.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bandcamp/live.ts
@@ -43,18 +43,18 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('.live-listing')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: item.find('.title-link').attr('href'),
-                title: item.find('.show-title').text(),
-                author: item.find('.show-artist').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.show-time-container').text().trim().split(' UTC', 1)[0]),
+                link: $item.find('.title-link').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('.show-title').text(),
+                author: $item.find('.show-artist').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.show-time-container').text().trim().split(' UTC', 1)[0]),
                 description: `<img src="${
-                    item
+                    $item
                         .find('.show-thumb-image')
-                        .attr('style')
-                        .match(/background-image: url\((.*)\);/)[1]
+                        .attr('style')!
+                        .match(/background-image: url\((.*)\);/)![1]
                 }">`,
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/bandcamp/tag.ts b/lib/routes/bandcamp/tag.ts
index 1cd069a3d3..8f142a4037 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bandcamp/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bandcamp/tag.ts
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.title = content('.trackTitle').eq(0).text();
                 item.author = content('h3 span a').text();
-                item.description = content('#tralbumArt').html() + content('#trackInfo').html();
+                item.description = content('#tralbumArt').html()! + content('#trackInfo').html()!;
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/bandisoft/history.ts b/lib/routes/bandisoft/history.ts
index e931d079c6..a2d81fd9a0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bandisoft/history.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bandisoft/history.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('div.row')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const version: string | undefined = $el.find('div.cell1').text();
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     text: description,
                 },
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language: lang,
+                language: lang as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img#logo_light').attr('src'),
         author,
-        language: lang,
+        language: lang as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/calendar/today.tsx b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/calendar/today.tsx
index f329bf89e2..21382de7e1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/calendar/today.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/calendar/today.tsx
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 guid: id,
                 title: [
                     bgm.title,
-                    Object.values(bgm.titleTranslate)
+                    Object.values<string[]>(bgm.titleTranslate)
                         .map((t) => t.join('｜'))
                         .join('｜'),
                 ]
diff --git a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/group/reply.ts b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/group/reply.ts
index b235bfbb56..445946a1a9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/group/reply.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/group/reply.ts
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 date: $el.children().first().find('small').children().remove().end().text().slice(3),
             };
         });
-    const finalLatestReplies = [...latestReplies, ...latestSubReplies].toSorted((a, b) => b.id.localeCompare(a.id));
+    const finalLatestReplies = [...latestReplies, ...latestSubReplies].toSorted((a, b) => b.id!.localeCompare(a.id!));
 
     const postTopic = {
         title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/group/topic.ts b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/group/topic.ts
index 3b135a7987..27b3bee632 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/group/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/group/topic.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         $('.topic_list .topic')
             .toArray()
             .map((elem) => {
-                const link = new URL($('.subject a', elem).attr('href'), baseUrl).href;
+                const link = new URL($('.subject a', elem).attr('href')!, baseUrl).href;
                 return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                     const html = await ofetch(link);
                     const $ = load(html);
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const summary = 'Reply: ' + $('.posts', elem).text();
                     return {
                         link,
-                        title: $('.subject a', elem).attr('title'),
+                        title: $('.subject a', elem).attr('title')!,
                         pubDate: parseDate($('.lastpost .time', elem).text()),
                         description: fullText ? summary + '<br><br>' + fullText : summary,
                         author: $('.author a', elem).text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/subject/comments.ts b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/subject/comments.ts
index aa325f0062..7a8454b060 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/subject/comments.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/subject/comments.ts
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ export const getComments = async (subjectID, minLength) => {
         .map((el) => {
             const $el = $(el);
             const $rateEl = $el.find('.starlight');
-            let rate = null;
+            let rate: string | null = null;
             if ($rateEl.length > 0) {
-                rate = $rateEl.attr('class').match(/stars(\d)/)[1];
+                rate = $rateEl.attr('class')!.match(/stars(\d)/)![1];
             }
 
             const dateString = $el.find('small.grey').text().slice(2);
diff --git a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/user/blog.ts b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/user/blog.ts
index c96c32a56b..299c7bcd35 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/user/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/user/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,20 +39,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#entry_list div.item')
         .find('h2.title')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), 'https://bgm.tv').href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.parent().find('small.time').text()), 0),
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, 'https://bgm.tv').href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.parent().find('small.time').text()), 0),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const res = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const res = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const content = load(res);
 
                 item.description = content('#entry_content').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/banshujiang/index.ts b/lib/routes/banshujiang/index.ts
index 8da9a402f5..4b27553337 100644
--- a/lib/routes/banshujiang/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/banshujiang/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.small-list li.row')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('span.book-property__title').first().next('a');
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                           },
                       ]
                     : undefined,
-                description: $el.find('div.small-list__item-desc').html(),
+                description: $el.find('div.small-list__item-desc').html() ?? undefined,
             });
             const pubDateStr: string | undefined = image?.split(/\?timestamp=/).pop();
             const linkUrl: string | undefined = $aEl.attr('href');
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, 'x') : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('div.ebook-title').text().trim();
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, 'x') : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: new URL('logo.png?imageView2/2/w/128/h/128/q/100', baseUrl).href,
         author: $('a.brand').text(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/banyuetan/index.ts b/lib/routes/banyuetan/index.ts
index b8055ebb80..b864cf574c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/banyuetan/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/banyuetan/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.bty_tbtj_list ul.clearFix li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('h3 a');
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('div.detail_tit h1').text();
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     const $$authorEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$(authorEl);
 
                     return {
-                        name: $$authorEl.attr('content'),
+                        name: $$authorEl.attr('content')!,
                         url: undefined,
                         avatar: undefined,
                     };
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: new URL('static/v1/image/logo.png', baseUrl).href,
         author: title.split(/—/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/baobua/category.ts b/lib/routes/baobua/category.ts
index a764c987db..c59fc8ea24 100644
--- a/lib/routes/baobua/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/baobua/category.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `${SUB_NAME_PREFIX} - Category: ${category}`,
         link: url,
-        item: await Promise.all(
+        item: (await Promise.all(
             itemRaw
                 .map((e) => {
                     const item = $(e);
@@ -57,6 +57,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     return cache.tryGet(link, () => loadArticle(link));
                 })
                 .filter(Boolean)
-        ),
+        )) as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/baobua/latest.ts b/lib/routes/baobua/latest.ts
index 23fed0300e..259d52d347 100644
--- a/lib/routes/baobua/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/baobua/latest.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title: `${SUB_NAME_PREFIX} - Latest`,
         link: SUB_URL,
-        item: await Promise.all(
+        item: (await Promise.all(
             itemRaw
                 .map((e) => {
                     const item = $(e);
@@ -54,6 +54,6 @@ async function handler() {
                     return cache.tryGet(link, () => loadArticle(link));
                 })
                 .filter(Boolean)
-        ),
+        )) as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/baobua/search.ts b/lib/routes/baobua/search.ts
index 29dd7ac0a3..cf3669e18c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/baobua/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/baobua/search.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     }
                     return cache.tryGet(link, () => loadArticle(link));
                 })
-                .filter(Boolean)
+                .filter(Boolean) as Array<Promise<DataItem>>
         ),
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/baozimh/index.tsx b/lib/routes/baozimh/index.tsx
index 7e1b2aa28f..fb59dc7d23 100644
--- a/lib/routes/baozimh/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/baozimh/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .first()
         .children()
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const title = $(item).find('span').text();
             const link = rootUrl + $(item).find('a').attr('href');
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .first()
         .children()
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const title = $(item).find('span').text();
             const link = rootUrl + $(item).find('a').attr('href');
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         combinedList.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.data);
                 item.description = renderToString(
diff --git a/lib/routes/barronschina/index.ts b/lib/routes/barronschina/index.ts
index 8005332270..b477b94a13 100644
--- a/lib/routes/barronschina/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/barronschina/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -51,15 +51,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         ? await Promise.all(
               $('.title')
                   .toArray()
-                  .map((item) => {
-                      item = $(item);
+                  .map((item): DataItem => {
+                      const $item = $(item);
                       return {
-                          title: item.find('.title').text(),
-                          link: `${rootUrl}${item.parent().attr('href')}`,
+                          title: $item.find('.title').text(),
+                          link: `${rootUrl}${$item.parent().attr('href')}`,
                       };
                   })
                   .map((item) =>
-                      cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                      cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                           const detailResponse = await got({
                               method: 'get',
                               url: item.link,
@@ -77,19 +77,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         : $('dd')
               .toArray()
               .map((item) => {
-                  item = $(item);
+                  const $item = $(item);
 
-                  const title = item.find('strong').text();
-                  item.find('strong').remove();
+                  const title = $item.find('strong').text();
+                  $item.find('strong').remove();
 
-                  const description = item.find('.short').html();
-                  item.find('.short').remove();
+                  const description = $item.find('.short').html();
+                  $item.find('.short').remove();
 
                   return {
                       title,
                       description,
                       link: currentUrl,
-                      pubDate: timezone(parseDate(`${item.parent().find('dt').text()} ${item.text()}`), 8),
+                      pubDate: timezone(parseDate(`${$item.parent().find('dt').text()} ${$item.text()}`), 8),
                   };
               });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/bast/index.ts b/lib/routes/bast/index.ts
index 462a956730..f84608ff38 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bast/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bast/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -56,19 +56,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = selection
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text().trim(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text().trim(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (/bast\.net\.cn/.test(item.link)) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (/bast\.net\.cn/.test(item.link!)) {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
                         url: item.link,
@@ -76,10 +76,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                    item.title = content('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').attr('content');
+                    item.title = content('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').attr('content')!;
                     item.author = content('meta[name="contentSource"]').attr('content');
-                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="pubdate"]').attr('content')), 8);
-                    item.category = [content('meta[name="ColumnName"]').attr('content')];
+                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="pubdate"]').attr('content')!), 8);
+                    item.category = [content('meta[name="ColumnName"]').attr('content')!];
 
                     item.description = content('.arccont').html();
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/bbc/sport.ts b/lib/routes/bbc/sport.ts
index 92ecda00eb..42e35156ec 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bbc/sport.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bbc/sport.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const initialData = extractInitialData($);
     const { page } = initialData.stores.metadata;
 
-    const list: DataItem[] = Object.values(initialData.data)
+    const list: DataItem[] = Object.values<any>(initialData.data)
         .filter((d) => d.name === 'hierarchical-promo-collection' && d.props.title !== 'Elsewhere on the BBC')
         .flatMap((d) => d.data.promos)
         .map((item) => ({
diff --git a/lib/routes/bbc/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/bbc/utils.tsx
index a298262cfb..065e103f59 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bbc/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/bbc/utils.tsx
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ const extractArticleWithInitialData = ($: CheerioAPI, item) => {
         };
     }
 
-    const article = Object.values(initialData.data).find((d) => d.name === 'article')?.data;
+    const article = Object.values<any>(initialData.data).find((d) => d.name === 'article')?.data;
     const topics = Array.isArray(article?.topics) ? article.topics : [];
     const blocks = article?.content?.model?.blocks;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/bbcnewslabs/news.ts b/lib/routes/bbcnewslabs/news.ts
index 267d5efdf9..c6a511036b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bbcnewslabs/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bbcnewslabs/news.ts
@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('a[href^="/news/20"]')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3[class^="thumbnail-module--thumbnailTitle--"]').text(),
-                description: item.find('span[class^="thumbnail-module--thumbnailDescription--"]').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span[class^="thumbnail-module--thumbnailType--"]').text()),
-                link: rootUrl + item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('h3[class^="thumbnail-module--thumbnailTitle--"]').text(),
+                description: $item.find('span[class^="thumbnail-module--thumbnailDescription--"]').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span[class^="thumbnail-module--thumbnailType--"]').text()),
+                link: rootUrl + $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/bc3ts/list.tsx b/lib/routes/bc3ts/list.tsx
index 586b83e0d4..5125b41937 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bc3ts/list.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/bc3ts/list.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `爆料公社${sort === '1' ? '最新' : '熱門'}動態`,
         link: baseUrl,
-        language: 'zh-TW',
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
         image: 'https://img.bc3ts.net/image/web/main/logo-white-new-2023.png',
         icon: 'https://img.bc3ts.net/image/web/main/logo/logo_icon_6th_2024_192x192.png',
         item: items,
diff --git a/lib/routes/bdys/index.tsx b/lib/routes/bdys/index.tsx
index 2e910f432c..6ab829381f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bdys/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/bdys/index.tsx
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import pMap from 'p-map';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -123,11 +123,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.card-body .card a')
         .slice(0, 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = item.attr('href').split(';jsessionid=');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = $item.attr('href')!.split(';jsessionid=');
             jsessionid = link[1];
-            const next = item.next();
+            const next = $item.next();
             return {
                 title: next.find('h3').text(),
                 link: `${rootUrl}${link[0]}`,
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = await pMap(
         list,
         (item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 });
                 const downloadResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
-                    url: `${rootUrl}/downloadInfo/list?mid=${item.link.split('/', 5)[4].split('.', 1)[0]}`,
+                    url: `${rootUrl}/downloadInfo/list?mid=${item.link!.split('/', 5)[4].split('.', 1)[0]}`,
                     headers,
                 });
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/beijingprice/index.ts b/lib/routes/beijingprice/index.ts
index 0422acc019..b4a24e5697 100644
--- a/lib/routes/beijingprice/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/beijingprice/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.jgzx.rightcontent ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             const link = a.prop('href');
             const msg = a.prop('msg');
 
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
             return {
                 title,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.contents().last().text()),
-                link: enclosureUrl ?? (link.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link, rootUrl).href),
-                language,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.contents().last().text()),
+                link: enclosureUrl ?? (link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link!, rootUrl).href),
+                language: language as Language,
                 enclosure_url: enclosureUrl,
                 enclosure_type: enclosureType,
                 enclosure_title: enclosureUrl ? title : undefined,
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (!item.link.includes('www.beijingprice.cn') || item.link.endsWith('.pdf')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (!item.link!.includes('www.beijingprice.cn') || item.link!.endsWith('.pdf')) {
                     return item;
                 }
 
@@ -79,14 +79,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.news-content').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('a.header-logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('a.header-logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/bendibao/news.ts b/lib/routes/bendibao/news.ts
index aa0f41606f..ad035d2d56 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bendibao/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bendibao/news.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -63,14 +63,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('ul.focus-news li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).find('a');
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: link.indexOf('http') === 0 ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
             };
         });
 
@@ -91,21 +91,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
         items = $('#listNewsTimeLy div.info')
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item).find('a');
+            .map((item): DataItem => {
+                const $item = $(item).find('a');
 
-                const link = item.attr('href');
+                const link = $item.attr('href');
 
                 return {
-                    title: item.text(),
-                    link: link.indexOf('http') === 0 ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
+                    title: $item.text(),
+                    link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
                 };
             });
     }
 
-    items = await Promise.all(
+    items = (await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
             })
         )
-    );
+    )) as typeof items;
 
     return {
         title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/bangumi.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/bangumi.ts
index 49369c150b..5ec26b7b45 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/bangumi.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/bangumi.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             description: utils.renderOGVDescription(embed, item.cover, item.long_title, seasonId, String(item.id)),
             link: item.share_url,
             image: item.cover.replace('http://', 'https://'),
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN',
         }) as DataItem;
 
     for (const item of seasonData.main_section.episodes) {
@@ -65,6 +65,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: mediaData.share_url,
         item: episodes,
         image: mediaData.cover.replace('http://', 'https://'),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN',
     } as Data;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/cache.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/cache.ts
index 0aeaa6e92b..e0aaf0cb7c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/cache.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/cache.ts
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ const getWbiVerifyString = () => {
         //     62, 11, 36, 20, 34, 44, 52,
         // ];
         const array = JSON.parse(jsResponse.match(/\[(?:\d+,){63}\d+\]/));
-        const o = [];
+        const o: any[] = [];
         for (const t of array) {
             if (r.charAt(t)) {
                 o.push(r.charAt(t));
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ const getAidFromBvid = async (bvid) => {
         if (response.data && response.data.data && response.data.data.aid) {
             aid = response.data.data.aid;
         }
-        cache.set(key, aid);
+        cache.set(key, aid ?? '');
     }
     return aid;
 };
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ const getArticleDataFromCvid = async (cvid, uid) => {
             const newFormatData = JSON.parse(
                 $('script:contains("window.__INITIAL_STATE__")')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=\s*(\S.*?)?;\(/)[1]
+                    .match(/window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=\s*(\S.*?)?;\(/)![1]
             );
 
             if (newFormatData?.readInfo?.opus?.content?.paragraphs) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/danmaku.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/danmaku.ts
index 0f429e6177..8618cb452b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/danmaku.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/danmaku.ts
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     danmakuText = await ((danmakuText[0] & 0x0f) === 0x08 ? zlib.inflateSync(danmakuText) : zlib.inflateRawSync(danmakuText));
 
-    let danmakuList = [];
+    let danmakuList: any[] = [];
     const $ = load(danmakuText, { xmlMode: true });
     $('d').each((index, item) => {
         danmakuList.push({ p: $(item).attr('p'), text: $(item).text() });
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/mall-new.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/mall-new.ts
index 212da7d91f..488d20cfff 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/mall-new.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/mall-new.ts
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     });
 
     const days = response.data.data.vo.days;
-    const items = [];
+    const items: any[] = [];
     for (const day of days) {
         items.push(...day.presaleItems);
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/user-channel.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/user-channel.ts
index b4e17b8b0e..e1b998c3f8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/user-channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/user-channel.ts
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${username} 的 bilibili 频道 ${channelInfo.meta.name}`,
         link,
         description: `${username} 的 bilibili 频道`,
-        image: face,
-        logo: face,
-        icon: face,
+        image: face ?? undefined,
+        logo: face ?? undefined,
+        icon: face ?? undefined,
         item: data.archives.map((item) => ({
             title: item.title,
             description: utils.renderUGCDescription(embed, item.pic, '', item.aid, undefined, item.bvid),
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/user-collection.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/user-collection.ts
index 29b3110189..f8916923dd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/user-collection.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/user-collection.ts
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${username} 的 bilibili 合集 ${data.meta.name}`,
         link,
         description: `${username} 的 bilibili 合集`,
-        image: face,
-        logo: face,
-        icon: face,
+        image: face ?? undefined,
+        logo: face ?? undefined,
+        icon: face ?? undefined,
         item: data.archives.map((item) => ({
             title: item.title,
             description: utils.renderUGCDescription(embed, item.pic, '', item.aid, undefined, item.bvid),
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/video-all.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/video-all.ts
index 574b17e1fa..3114f721ce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/video-all.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/video-all.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const cookie = await cache.getCookie();
     const wbiVerifyString = await cache.getWbiVerifyString();
     const dmImgList = utils.getDmImgList();
-    const [name, face] = await cache.getUsernameAndFaceFromUID(uid);
+    const [name, face] = (await cache.getUsernameAndFaceFromUID(uid)) as [string, string];
 
     await got(`https://space.bilibili.com/${uid}/video?tid=0&page=1&keyword=&order=pubdate`, {
         headers: {
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         });
     };
 
-    const promises = [];
+    const promises: Array<Promise<any>> = [];
 
     if (pageTotal > 1) {
         for (let i = 2; i <= pageTotal; i++) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/video.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/video.ts
index c34a821c3b..552711bb8e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/video.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/video.ts
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
     const uid = ctx.req.param('uid');
     const embed = !ctx.req.param('embed');
-    const data = await getVideoList(uid);
+    const data = await getVideoList(uid!);
     const videos = data.list?.vlist ?? [];
 
     let name = videos[0]?.author || uid;
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
     try {
         const usernameAndFace = await cache.getUsernameAndFaceFromUID(uid);
         name = usernameAndFace[0] || name;
-        face = usernameAndFace[1];
+        face = usernameAndFace[1] ?? undefined;
     } catch (error) {
         logger.warn(`[bilibili/video] failed to fetch user profile: ${error}`);
     }
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
                 const subtitles = isJsonFeed && !config.bilibili.excludeSubtitles && item.bvid ? await cache.getVideoSubtitleAttachment(item.bvid) : [];
                 return {
                     title: item.title,
-                    description: utils.renderUGCDescription(embed, item.pic, item.description, item.aid, undefined, item.bvid),
+                    description: utils.renderUGCDescription(embed, item.pic, item.description, String(item.aid), undefined, item.bvid),
                     pubDate: new Date(item.created * 1000).toUTCString(),
                     link: item.created > utils.bvidTime && item.bvid ? `https://www.bilibili.com/video/${item.bvid}` : `https://www.bilibili.com/video/av${item.aid}`,
                     author: name,
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/wasm-exec.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/wasm-exec.ts
index 6159de0ac5..9a142d8cfb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/wasm-exec.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/wasm-exec.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// @ts-nocheck https://github.com/golang/go/blob/master/lib/wasm/wasm_exec.js
 // oxlint-disable unicorn/prefer-math-trunc
 // oxlint-disable unicorn-js/no-this-outside-of-class
 // oxlint-disable unicorn-js/no-array-from-fill
@@ -598,7 +599,7 @@
 
             const argc = this.argv.length;
 
-            const argvPtrs = [];
+            const argvPtrs: number[] = [];
             for (const arg of this.argv) {
                 argvPtrs.push(strPtr(arg));
             }
diff --git a/lib/routes/bing/search.ts b/lib/routes/bing/search.ts
index 5faef975aa..4fc24ff233 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bing/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bing/search.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import 'dayjs/locale/zh-cn.js';
 import dayjs from 'dayjs';
 import localizedFormat from 'dayjs/plugin/localizedFormat.js';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
 
@@ -44,14 +44,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     url.search = searchParams.toString();
     const data = await parser.parseURL(url.href);
     return {
-        title: data.title,
+        title: data.title!,
         link: data.link,
         description: data.description + ' - ' + data.copyright,
-        image: data.image.url,
+        image: data.image!.url,
         item: data.items.map((e) => ({
             ...e,
             description: e.content,
-            pubDate: parseDate(e.pubDate, 'dddd, DD MMM YYYY HH:mm:ss [GMT]', 'zh-cn'),
-        })),
+            pubDate: parseDate(e.pubDate!, 'dddd, DD MMM YYYY HH:mm:ss [GMT]', 'zh-cn'),
+        })) as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/bioone/featured.ts b/lib/routes/bioone/featured.ts
index 8afafa0b09..81acced41f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bioone/featured.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bioone/featured.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,25 +38,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.items h4 a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = item.attr('href').split('?', 1)[0];
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = $item.attr('href')!.split('?', 1)[0];
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
+                title: $item.text(),
                 link: link.includes('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.description = content('#divARTICLECONTENTTop').html();
                 item.doi = content('meta[name="dc.Identifier"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="dc.Date"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="dc.Date"]').attr('content')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/bioone/journal.ts b/lib/routes/bioone/journal.ts
index 87ab9f11e0..569b4943f9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bioone/journal.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bioone/journal.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,17 +41,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.TOCLineItemBoldText')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).parent();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).parent();
 
             return {
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: '',
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
@@ -60,10 +61,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 content('#divNotSignedSection, #rightRail').remove();
 
                 item.description = content('.panel-body').html();
-                item.title = content('meta[name="dc.Title"]').attr('content');
+                item.title = content('meta[name="dc.Title"]').attr('content')!;
                 item.author = content('meta[name="dc.Creator"]').attr('content');
                 item.doi = content('meta[name="dc.Identifier"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="dc.Date"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="dc.Date"]').attr('content')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/biquge/index.ts b/lib/routes/biquge/index.ts
index 29286c71c6..a283d9e98c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/biquge/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/biquge/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -76,27 +76,27 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(iconv.decode(response.data, encoding));
     const author = $('meta[property="og:novel:author"]').attr('content');
-    const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[property="og:novel:update_time"]').attr('content')), 8);
+    const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[property="og:novel:update_time"]').attr('content')!), 8);
 
     let items = $('dl dd a')
         .toArray()
         .toReversed()
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 1)
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             let link: string;
-            const url = item.attr('href');
-            if (url.startsWith('http')) {
-                link = url;
-            } else if (url.startsWith('/')) {
+            const url = $item.attr('href');
+            if (url!.startsWith('http')) {
+                link = url!;
+            } else if (url!.startsWith('/')) {
                 link = `${rootUrl}${url}`;
             } else {
                 link = `${currentUrl}/${url}`;
             }
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
+                title: $item.text(),
                 link,
                 author,
                 pubDate,
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link, {
                     responseType: 'buffer',
                 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/bit/cs/utils.ts b/lib/routes/bit/cs/utils.ts
index ad67790a43..468bb7daa3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bit/cs/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bit/cs/utils.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (list, caches) => {
 
             const $title = $('a');
             // 还原相对链接为绝对链接
-            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href'), host).href;
+            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href')!, host).href;
 
             // 列表上提取到的信息
             const single = {
diff --git a/lib/routes/bit/jwc/utils.ts b/lib/routes/bit/jwc/utils.ts
index 1bcc9b522b..f4cf2c0bb2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bit/jwc/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bit/jwc/utils.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (list, caches) => {
 
             const $title = $('a');
             // 还原相对链接为绝对链接
-            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href'), host).href;
+            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href')!, host).href;
 
             // 列表上提取到的信息
             const single = {
diff --git a/lib/routes/bit/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/bit/yjs.ts
index c20f2aa017..8c71e63df0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bit/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bit/yjs.ts
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), link).href,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, link).href,
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjfu/grs.ts b/lib/routes/bjfu/grs.ts
index 17cb96940f..7d1a8dbcc1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjfu/grs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjfu/grs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('.itemList li')
         .slice(0, 11)
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
             const element = $(e);
             const title = element.find('li a').attr('title');
             const link = element.find('li a').attr('href');
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ async function handler() {
                 .find('li a')
                 .text()
                 .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/);
-            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(date), 8);
+            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(date?.[0] ?? ''), 8);
 
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 link: 'http://graduate.bjfu.edu.cn/pygl/pydt/' + link,
                 author: '北京林业大学研究生院培养动态',
                 pubDate,
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const result = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const itemReponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const data = itemReponse.data;
                 const itemElement = load(data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjfu/it/utils.ts b/lib/routes/bjfu/it/utils.ts
index 2998f726e3..d390d8dc67 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjfu/it/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjfu/it/utils.ts
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ async function loadContent(link) {
     }
 
     // 提取内容
-    const description = ($('.template-body').length ? $('.template-body').html() : '') + ($('.template-tail').length ? $('.template-tail').html() : '');
+    const description = ($('.template-body').length ? $('.template-body').html() : '')! + ($('.template-tail').length ? $('.template-tail').html() : '')!;
 
     // 返回解析的结果
     return { description };
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ const ProcessFeed = (base, list, caches) =>
 
             const $title = $('a');
             // 还原相对链接为绝对链接
-            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href'), base).href; // 感谢@hoilc指导
+            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href')!, base).href; // 感谢@hoilc指导
 
             // 解析日期
             const pubDate = timezone(
                 parseDate(
                     $('span')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/)
+                        .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/)?.[0] ?? ''
                 ),
                 8
             );
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjfu/jwc/utils.ts b/lib/routes/bjfu/jwc/utils.ts
index 526bbda34d..2f4177b345 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjfu/jwc/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjfu/jwc/utils.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ async function loadContent(link) {
     const $ = load(data);
 
     // 提取内容
-    const description = ($('#con_c').length ? $('#con_c').html() : '') + ($('#con_fujian').length ? $('#con_fujian').html() : '');
+    const description = ($('#con_c').length ? $('#con_c').html() : '')! + ($('#con_fujian').length ? $('#con_fujian').html() : '')!;
 
     // 返回解析的结果
     return { description };
@@ -28,14 +28,14 @@ const ProcessFeed = (base, list, caches) =>
 
             const $title = $('a');
             // 还原相对链接为绝对链接
-            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href'), base).href; // 感谢@hoilc指导
+            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href')!, base).href; // 感谢@hoilc指导
 
             // 解析日期
             const pubDate = timezone(
                 parseDate(
                     $('.datetime')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/)
+                        .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/)?.[0] ?? ''
                 ),
                 8
             );
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjfu/kjc.ts b/lib/routes/bjfu/kjc.ts
index dee0e77ed3..4327203c22 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjfu/kjc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjfu/kjc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('.ll_con_r_b li')
         .slice(0, 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
             const element = $(e);
             const title = element.find('.ll_con_r_b_title a').text();
             const link = element.find('a').attr('href');
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 .find('.ll_con_r_b_time')
                 .text()
                 .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/);
-            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(date), 8);
+            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(date?.[0] ?? ''), 8);
 
             return {
                 title,
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const result = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const itemReponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const data = itemReponse.data;
                 const itemElement = load(data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjfu/news/index.ts b/lib/routes/bjfu/news/index.ts
index 843c7858ec..c218ceed2a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjfu/news/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjfu/news/index.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const data = response.data;
     let $ = load(iconv.decode(data, 'utf-8'));
     const charset = $('meta[http-equiv="Content-Type"]')
-        .attr('content')
+        .attr('content')!
         .match(/charset=(.*)/)?.[1];
     if (charset?.toLowerCase() !== 'utf-8') {
         $ = load(iconv.decode(data, charset ?? 'utf-8'));
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjfu/news/utils.ts b/lib/routes/bjfu/news/utils.ts
index b13dcc30b3..8bb8563026 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjfu/news/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjfu/news/utils.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ async function loadContent(link) {
         parseDate(
             $('.article')
                 .text()
-                .match(/\d{4}(?:\/\d{2}){2}/)
+                .match(/\d{4}(?:\/\d{2}){2}/)?.[0] ?? ''
         ),
         8
     );
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (base, list, caches) =>
 
             const $title = $('a');
             // 还原相对链接为绝对链接
-            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href'), base).href; // 感谢@hoilc指导
+            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href')!, base).href; // 感谢@hoilc指导
 
             // 使用tryGet方法从缓存获取内容。
             // 当缓存中无法获取到链接内容的时候，则使用load方法加载文章内容。
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjp/apod.ts b/lib/routes/bjp/apod.ts
index 8fcc8bed6f..084585920e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjp/apod.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjp/apod.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -42,20 +42,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('td[align=left] b')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
             return {
-                title: e.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${e.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(e.find('span').text().replace('：', ''), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                title: $e.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$e.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($e.find('span').text().replace('：', ''), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             };
         })
-        .toSorted((a, b) => b.pubDate - a.pubDate)
+        .toSorted((a, b) => Number(b.pubDate) - Number(a.pubDate))
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((e) =>
-            cache.tryGet(e.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(e.link!, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got.get(e.link);
                 const $ = load(data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjsk/index.ts b/lib/routes/bjsk/index.ts
index e5deceeea0..4ae39a1793 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjsk/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjsk/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,24 +38,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.article-list a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.time').text(), 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.time').text(), 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 item.description = $('.article-main').html();
                 item.author = $('.info')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/作者：(.*?)来源/)[1]
+                    .match(/作者：(.*?)来源/)![1]
                     .trim();
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjsk/keti.ts b/lib/routes/bjsk/keti.ts
index ea706b6f66..f11a475a0e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjsk/keti.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjsk/keti.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,19 +49,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('a.news')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.zizizi').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.date').text()),
+                title: $item.find('.zizizi').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjwxdxh/index.ts b/lib/routes/bjwxdxh/index.ts
index 5b7a58cfe1..eafa3f7ffa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjwxdxh/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjwxdxh/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,18 +40,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div#newsquery > ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('div.title > a').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('div.title > a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('div.title > a').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('div.title > a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 // pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const info = content('div.info')
                     .text()
                     .match(/作者：(\S*)\s+发布于：(\S*\s+.*?)\s/);
-                item.author = info[1];
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(info[2], 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
-                item.description = content('div#con').html().replaceAll('\n', '');
+                item.author = info![1];
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(info![2], 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
+                item.description = content('div#con').html()!.replaceAll('\n', '');
                 return item;
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjx/huanbao.ts b/lib/routes/bjx/huanbao.ts
index 33ff748fcf..eaf3f6b82c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjx/huanbao.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjx/huanbao.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
@@ -39,11 +40,11 @@ async function handler() {
     let items = $('.cc-layout-3 .cc-list-content li')
         .toArray()
         .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
+            const $e = $(e);
             return {
-                title: e.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: e.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('span').text()),
+                title: $e.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: $e.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler() {
 const fetchPage = (link) =>
     cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
         // 可能一篇文章过长会分成多页
-        const pages = [];
+        const pages: CheerioAPI[] = [];
 
         const result = await got(link);
         const $page = load(result.data);
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ const fetchPage = (link) =>
                 if (!/^\d+$/.test($a.text().trim())) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                const sublink = new URL($a.attr('href'), link).href;
+                const sublink = new URL($a.attr('href')!, link).href;
                 /* eslint-disable no-await-in-loop */
                 const result = await got(sublink);
                 pages.push(load(result.data));
diff --git a/lib/routes/bjx/types.ts b/lib/routes/bjx/types.ts
index 3dd8f58c99..597bfcfedc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bjx/types.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bjx/types.ts
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: $('meta[name="Description"]').attr('content'),
         link: `https://guangfu.bjx.com.cn/${type}/`,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                description: item.html(),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                description: $item.html(),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/blizzard/news-cn.ts b/lib/routes/blizzard/news-cn.ts
index e0d38c71c3..bb2e468467 100644
--- a/lib/routes/blizzard/news-cn.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/blizzard/news-cn.ts
@@ -52,39 +52,39 @@ const parsers = {
         $('.list-data-container .list-item-container')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('.content-title').text(),
-                    link: item.find('.fill-link').attr('href'),
-                    description: item.find('.content-intro').text(),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.content-date').text()),
-                    image: item.find('.item-pic').attr('src'),
+                    title: $item.find('.content-title').text(),
+                    link: $item.find('.fill-link').attr('href'),
+                    description: $item.find('.content-intro').text(),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.content-date').text()),
+                    image: $item.find('.item-pic').attr('src'),
                 };
             }),
     hs: ($) =>
         $('.article-container>a')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('.title').text(),
-                    link: item.attr('href'),
-                    description: item.find('.desc').text(),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.date').attr('data-time')),
-                    image: item.find('.article-img img').attr('src'),
+                    title: $item.find('.title').text(),
+                    link: $item.attr('href'),
+                    description: $item.find('.desc').text(),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date').attr('data-time')),
+                    image: $item.find('.article-img img').attr('src'),
                 };
             }),
     wow: ($) =>
         $('.Pane-list>a')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('.list-title').text(),
-                    link: item.attr('href'),
-                    description: item.find('.list-desc').text(),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.list-time').attr('data-time')),
-                    image: item.find('.img-box img').attr('src'),
+                    title: $item.find('.list-title').text(),
+                    link: $item.attr('href'),
+                    description: $item.find('.list-desc').text(),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.list-time').attr('data-time')),
+                    image: $item.find('.img-box img').attr('src'),
                 };
             }),
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/blockworks/index.ts b/lib/routes/blockworks/index.ts
index e09cac3115..341fa59166 100644
--- a/lib/routes/blockworks/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/blockworks/index.ts
@@ -44,10 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         limitedItems
-            .map((item) => ({
-                ...item,
-                link: item.link?.split('?', 1)[0],
-            }))
+            .map((item) => ({ ...item, link: item.link?.split('?', 1)[0] }) as typeof item & { author?: DataItem['author'] })
             .map((item) =>
                 cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     // Get cached content or fetch new content
diff --git a/lib/routes/blogread/index.ts b/lib/routes/blogread/index.ts
index 8ccfff9c0a..c6bd77640d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/blogread/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/blogread/index.ts
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@ async function handler() {
     const resultItem = $('.media')
         .toArray()
         .map((elem) => {
-            elem = $(elem);
-            const $link = elem.find('dt a');
+            const $elem = $(elem);
+            const $link = $elem.find('dt a');
             return {
                 title: $link.text(),
-                description: elem.find('dd').eq(0).text(),
+                description: $elem.find('dd').eq(0).text(),
                 link: $link.attr('href'),
-                author: elem.find('.small a').eq(0).text(),
-                pubDate: elem.find('dd').eq(1).text().split('\n', 3)[2],
+                author: $elem.find('.small a').eq(0).text(),
+                pubDate: $elem.find('dd').eq(1).text().split('\n', 3)[2],
             };
         });
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/bloomberg/authors.ts b/lib/routes/bloomberg/authors.ts
index bcee63b7f8..a3ae76bcc8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bloomberg/authors.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bloomberg/authors.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import rssParser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ const parseAuthorNewsList = async (slug) => {
     const $ = load(resp.html);
     const articles = $('article.story-list-story');
     return articles.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const headline = item.find('a.story-list-story__info__headline-link');
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const headline = $item.find('a.story-list-story__info__headline-link');
         return {
             title: headline.text(),
-            pubDate: item.attr('data-updated-at'),
-            guid: `bloomberg:${item.attr('data-id')}`,
-            link: new URL(headline.attr('href'), baseURL).href,
+            pubDate: $item.attr('data-updated-at'),
+            guid: `bloomberg:${$item.attr('data-id')}`,
+            link: new URL(headline.attr('href')!, baseURL).href,
         };
     });
 };
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const { id, slug, source } = ctx.req.param();
     const link = `https://www.bloomberg.com/authors/${id}/${slug}`;
 
-    let list = [];
+    let list: any[] = [];
     if (!source || source === 'api') {
         list = await parseAuthorNewsList(`${id}/${slug}`);
     }
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `Bloomberg - ${authorName}`,
         link,
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/bloomberg/templates/lede-media.tsx b/lib/routes/bloomberg/templates/lede-media.tsx
index fe8238bc24..296a938aa9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bloomberg/templates/lede-media.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/bloomberg/templates/lede-media.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { renderVideoMedia } from './video-media';
 
-type LedeMedia = {
+export type LedeMedia = {
     kind?: string;
     src?: string;
     description?: string;
diff --git a/lib/routes/bloomberg/templates/video-media.tsx b/lib/routes/bloomberg/templates/video-media.tsx
index 8b8b7a1471..8475b4f199 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bloomberg/templates/video-media.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/bloomberg/templates/video-media.tsx
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ export const renderVideoMedia = ({ stream, mp4, coverUrl, caption }: VideoMediaD
         <figure>
             <video
                 controls
-                playsinline="true"
+                playsinline
                 webkit-playsinline="true"
                 x5-playsinline="true"
                 x5-video-player-type="h5"
diff --git a/lib/routes/bloomberg/utils.ts b/lib/routes/bloomberg/utils.ts
index 34e5476a40..47ff96f6e2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bloomberg/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bloomberg/utils.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import { renderAudioMedia } from './templates/audio-media';
 import { renderChartMedia } from './templates/chart-media';
 import { renderImageFigure } from './templates/image-figure';
-import { renderLedeMedia } from './templates/lede-media';
+import { type LedeMedia, renderLedeMedia } from './templates/lede-media';
 import { renderVideoMedia } from './templates/video-media';
 
 const rootUrl = 'https://www.bloomberg.com/feeds';
@@ -87,7 +87,8 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
                     res = await redirectGot(apiUrl);
                 } catch (error) {
                     // fallback
-                    if (error.name && ['HTTPError', 'RequestError', 'FetchError'].includes(error.name)) {
+                    const err = error as Error;
+                    if (err.name && ['HTTPError', 'RequestError', 'FetchError'].includes(err.name)) {
                         try {
                             res = await redirectGot(item.link);
                         } catch {
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
     });
 
 const parseAudioPage = async (res, api, item) => {
-    const audio_json = JSON.parse(load(res.data)(api.sel).html()).props.pageProps;
+    const audio_json = JSON.parse(load(res.data)(api.sel).html() ?? '').props.pageProps;
     const episode = audio_json.episode;
     const rss_item = {
         title: episode.title || item.title,
@@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ const parseVideoPage = async (res, api, item) => {
                 content: { url: video_story.video?.thumbnail.url || '' },
                 thumbnails: { url: video_story.video?.thumbnail.url || '' },
             },
-            category: desc.keywords ?? [],
+            category: (desc as any).keywords ?? [],
         };
         return rss_item;
     }
@@ -180,9 +181,12 @@ const parseVideoPage = async (res, api, item) => {
 
 const parsePhotoEssaysPage = async (res, api, item) => {
     const $ = load(res.data.html);
-    const article_json = {};
+    const article_json: Record<string, any> = {};
     for (const e of $(api.sel).toArray()) {
-        Object.assign(article_json, JSON.parse($(e).html()));
+        const raw = $(e).html();
+        if (raw !== null) {
+            Object.assign(article_json, JSON.parse(raw));
+        }
     }
     const rss_item = {
         title: article_json.headline || item.title,
@@ -203,7 +207,8 @@ const parseReactRendererPage = async (res, api, item) => {
         return await parseStoryJson(res._data, item);
     } catch (error) {
         // fallback
-        if (error.name && ['HTTPError', 'RequestError', 'FetchError'].includes(error.name)) {
+        const err = error as Error;
+        if (err.name && ['HTTPError', 'RequestError', 'FetchError'].includes(err.name)) {
             return {
                 title: item.title,
                 link: item.link,
@@ -214,7 +219,7 @@ const parseReactRendererPage = async (res, api, item) => {
 };
 
 const parseStoryJson = async (story_json, item) => {
-    const media_img = story_json.ledeImageUrl || Object.values(story_json.imageAttachments ?? {})[0]?.url;
+    const media_img = story_json.ledeImageUrl || Object.values<any>(story_json.imageAttachments ?? {})[0]?.url;
     const rss_item = {
         title: story_json.headline || item.title,
         link: story_json.url || item.link,
@@ -249,7 +254,7 @@ const processLedeMedia = async (story_json) => {
             src: story_json.ledeImageUrl,
             video: kind === 'video' && (await processVideo(story_json.ledeAttachment.bmmrId)),
         };
-        return renderLedeMedia(media);
+        return renderLedeMedia(media as unknown as LedeMedia);
     }
     if (story_json.lede) {
         const lede = story_json.lede;
@@ -262,7 +267,7 @@ const processLedeMedia = async (story_json) => {
         return renderImageFigure(image);
     }
     if (story_json.imageAttachments) {
-        const attachment = Object.values(story_json.imageAttachments)[0];
+        const attachment = Object.values<any>(story_json.imageAttachments)[0];
         if (attachment) {
             const image = {
                 src: attachment.baseUrl || attachment.url,
@@ -289,7 +294,7 @@ const processLedeMedia = async (story_json) => {
 };
 
 const processBody = async (body_html, story_json) => {
-    const removeSel = ['meta', 'script', '*[class$="-footnotes"]', '*[class$="for-you"]', '*[class$="-newsletter"]', '*[class$="page-ad"]', '*[class$="-recirc"]', '*[data-ad-placeholder="Advertisement"]'];
+    const removeSel = ['meta', '*[class$="-footnotes"]', '*[class$="for-you"]', '*[class$="-newsletter"]', '*[class$="page-ad"]', '*[class$="-recirc"]', '*[data-ad-placeholder="Advertisement"]'];
 
     const $ = load(body_html);
     for (const sel of removeSel) {
@@ -307,7 +312,7 @@ const processBody = async (body_html, story_json) => {
         if (imageType === 'audio') {
             let audio = {};
             if (story_json.audios) {
-                const attachment = story_json.audios.find((a) => a.id.toString() === $(e).data('id').toString());
+                const attachment = story_json.audios.find((a) => a.id.toString() === ($(e).data('id') as string | number).toString());
                 audio = {
                     img: attachment.image?.url || $(e).find('img').attr('src'),
                     src: attachment.url || $(e).find('audio source').attr('src'),
@@ -328,18 +333,18 @@ const processBody = async (body_html, story_json) => {
             new_figure = renderAudioMedia(audio);
         } else if (imageType === 'video') {
             if (story_json.videoAttachments) {
-                const attachment = story_json.videoAttachments[$(e).data('id')];
+                const attachment = story_json.videoAttachments[$(e).data('id') as string];
                 const video = await processVideo(attachment.bmmrId);
                 new_figure = renderVideoMedia(video);
             }
         } else if (imageType === 'photo' || imageType === 'image' || type === 'image') {
             let src, alt;
             if (story_json.imageAttachments) {
-                const attachment = story_json.imageAttachments[$(e).data('id')];
+                const attachment = story_json.imageAttachments[$(e).data('id') as string];
                 alt = attachment?.alt || $(e).find('img').attr('alt')?.trim();
                 src = attachment?.baseUrl;
             } else {
-                alt = $(e).find('img').attr('alt').trim();
+                alt = $(e).find('img').attr('alt')!.trim();
                 src = $(e).find('img').data('native-src');
             }
             const caption = $(e).find('[class$="text"], .caption, .photo-essay__text').html()?.trim() ?? '';
diff --git a/lib/routes/bluearchive/news.ts b/lib/routes/bluearchive/news.ts
index 4013d1137c..56f318cf20 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bluearchive/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bluearchive/news.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ const ja: Route['handler'] = async (ctx) => {
     return {
         title: `ブルアカ - ${JP[type]}`,
         link: 'https://bluearchive.jp/news/newsJump',
-        language: 'ja-JP',
+        language: 'ja',
         image: 'https://webcnstatic.yostar.net/ba_cn_web/prod/web/favicon.png', // The CN website has a larger one
         icon: 'https://webcnstatic.yostar.net/ba_cn_web/prod/web/favicon.png',
         logo: 'https://webcnstatic.yostar.net/ba_cn_web/prod/web/favicon.png',
diff --git a/lib/routes/bluestacks/release.ts b/lib/routes/bluestacks/release.ts
index 127979f387..c5338236f8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bluestacks/release.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bluestacks/release.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -48,23 +48,23 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('div h3 a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const page = await context.newPage();
                 await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
                     const request = route.request();
                     request.resourceType() === 'document' || request.resourceType() === 'script' ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                 });
-                await page.goto(item.link, {
+                await page.goto(item.link!, {
                     waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
                 });
                 const res = await page.evaluate(() => document.documentElement.getHTML());
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 await page.close();
 
                 item.description = $('div.article__body').html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate($('div.meta time').attr('datetime'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate($('div.meta time').attr('datetime')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/bmkg/earthquake.ts b/lib/routes/bmkg/earthquake.ts
index 18eb1bb9f6..66d9ca261b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bmkg/earthquake.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bmkg/earthquake.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -36,8 +37,8 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('div .table-responsive tbody tr')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const td = item.find('td');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const td = $item.find('td') as unknown as Array<{ children: Text[] }>;
             return {
                 title: `${td[2].children[0].data}|${td[3].children[0].data}|${td[4].children[0].data}|${td[5].children[0].data}|${td[6].children[0].data}`,
                 link: url,
@@ -50,6 +51,6 @@ async function handler() {
         link: url,
         description: '印尼气象气候和地球物理局 最近的地震(M ≥ 5.0) | BMKG earthquake',
         item: items,
-        language: 'in',
+        language: 'in' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/bmkg/news.ts b/lib/routes/bmkg/news.ts
index 7a9a21693a..1b373e0525 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bmkg/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bmkg/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div .ms-slide')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
-            const img = item.find('img');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
+            const img = $item.find('img');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 const p = $('div .blog-grid').find('p');
@@ -64,6 +64,6 @@ async function handler() {
         link: url,
         description: '印尼气象气候和地球物理局 新闻 | BMKG news',
         item: items,
-        language: 'in',
+        language: 'in' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/bnu/bs.ts b/lib/routes/bnu/bs.ts
index 4693d69468..7f6d82c66c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bnu/bs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bnu/bs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,19 +47,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('a[title]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.prev().text()),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/${category}/${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.prev().text()),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/${category}/${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/bnu/dwxgb.ts b/lib/routes/bnu/dwxgb.ts
index d0c9009960..5982162db6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bnu/dwxgb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bnu/dwxgb.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,24 +35,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const rootUrl = 'https://dwxgb.bnu.edu.cn';
     const currentUrl = `${rootUrl}/${category}/${type}/index.html`;
 
-    let response;
-    try {
-        response = await got(currentUrl);
-    } catch {
-        try {
-            response = await got(`${rootUrl}/${category}/${type}/index.htm`);
-        } catch {
-            return;
-        }
-    }
+    const response = await got(currentUrl);
 
     const $ = load(response.data);
 
     const list = $('ul.container.list > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const link = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
-            const absoluteLink = new URL(link, currentUrl).href;
+            const absoluteLink = new URL(link!, currentUrl).href;
             return {
                 title: $(item).find('a').text().trim(),
                 pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span').text()),
@@ -62,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                 item.description = content('div.article.typo').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/bnu/fdy.ts b/lib/routes/bnu/fdy.ts
index 1c0cdb53d7..417ebe3ba7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bnu/fdy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bnu/fdy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -28,19 +28,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.listconrl li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), link).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.news-dates').text()),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, link).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.news-dates').text()),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 item.description = $('.listconrc-newszw').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/bnu/jwb.ts b/lib/routes/bnu/jwb.ts
index f28cb29c9c..c149f9e871 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bnu/jwb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bnu/jwb.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,19 +27,19 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.article-list .boxlist ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
             return {
-                title: e.find('a span').text(),
-                link: a.attr('href').startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : 'https://jwb.bnu.edu.cn' + a.attr('href').slice(2),
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('span.fr.text-muted').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: $e.find('a span').text(),
+                link: a.attr('href')!.startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : 'https://jwb.bnu.edu.cn' + a.attr('href')!.slice(2),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('span.fr.text-muted').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 item.author = '北京师范大学教务部';
diff --git a/lib/routes/bnu/lib.ts b/lib/routes/bnu/lib.ts
index e5eda46adb..1821d566b0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bnu/lib.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bnu/lib.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.view-content .item-list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}/${category}/${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span > span').eq(1).text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}/${category}/${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span > span').eq(1).text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 item.description = $('#block-system-main .content .content').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/bnu/mba.ts b/lib/routes/bnu/mba.ts
index 9c6ccad967..44bc1c56e2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bnu/mba.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bnu/mba.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -21,23 +21,23 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('ul.concrcc li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a.listlj');
+            const a = $item.find('a.listlj');
             const title = a.text();
 
             return {
                 title,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.crq').text()),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                language,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.crq').text()),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -48,14 +48,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
                 item.title = title;
                 item.description = description;
-                item.pubDate = parseDate($$('div.connewstis-time').text().split(/：/).pop());
+                item.pubDate = parseDate($$('div.connewstis-time').text().split(/：/).pop()!);
                 item.content = {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.concrczw').text(),
                 };
                 item.image = image;
                 item.banner = image;
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/boc/whpj.ts b/lib/routes/boc/whpj.ts
index 51ee1f4897..e9217136e5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/boc/whpj.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/boc/whpj.ts
@@ -72,21 +72,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(2)
         .toArray()
         .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const zh_name = e.find('td:nth-child(1)').text();
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const zh_name = $e.find('td:nth-child(1)').text();
             const en_name = en_names[zh_name] || '';
             const name = `${zh_name} ${en_name}`;
-            const date = e.find('td:nth-child(7)').text();
+            const date = $e.find('td:nth-child(7)').text();
 
-            const xhmr = `现汇买入价：${e.find('td:nth-child(2)').text()}`;
+            const xhmr = `现汇买入价：${$e.find('td:nth-child(2)').text()}`;
 
-            const xcmr = `现钞买入价：${e.find('td:nth-child(3)').text()}`;
+            const xcmr = `现钞买入价：${$e.find('td:nth-child(3)').text()}`;
 
-            const xhmc = `现汇卖出价：${e.find('td:nth-child(4)').text()}`;
+            const xhmc = `现汇卖出价：${$e.find('td:nth-child(4)').text()}`;
 
-            const xcmc = `现钞卖出价：${e.find('td:nth-child(5)').text()}`;
+            const xcmc = `现钞卖出价：${$e.find('td:nth-child(5)').text()}`;
 
-            const zs = `中行折算价：${e.find('td:nth-child(6)').text()}`;
+            const zs = `中行折算价：${$e.find('td:nth-child(6)').text()}`;
 
             const content = `${xhmr} ${xcmr} ${xhmc} ${xcmc} ${zs}`;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/bookfere/category.ts b/lib/routes/bookfere/category.ts
index 777914120d..966bdf01dc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bookfere/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bookfere/category.ts
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link: url,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const date = item.find('time').attr('datetime');
-            const pubDate = parseDate(date);
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const date = $item.find('time').attr('datetime');
+            const pubDate = parseDate(date!);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h2 a').text(),
-                link: item.find('h2 a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('h2 a').text(),
+                link: $item.find('h2 a').attr('href'),
                 pubDate,
-                description: item.find('p').text(),
+                description: $item.find('p').text(),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/bookwalker/search.tsx b/lib/routes/bookwalker/search.tsx
index 0ef5ff5631..a57c3a6fcc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bookwalker/search.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/bookwalker/search.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('div.bwbook_package')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const name: string = $el.find('h4.bookname').text();
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/booru/mmda.ts b/lib/routes/booru/mmda.ts
index 779af12363..d07a78348f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/booru/mmda.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/booru/mmda.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import queryString from 'query-string';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -61,11 +61,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('#post-list > div.content > div > div:nth-child(3) span')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
 
-            const scriptStr = item.find('script[type="text/javascript"]').first().text();
+            const scriptStr = $item.find('script[type="text/javascript"]').first().text();
             const user = scriptStr.match(/user':'(.*?)'/)?.[1] ?? '';
 
             const title = a.find('img').first().attr('title') ?? '';
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const statisticsStr = statisticsTages.text();
 
                 const regex = /(?<key>[^\s:]+)\s*:\s*(?<value>.+)/g;
-                const result = {};
+                const result: Record<string, any> = {};
                 for (const match of statisticsStr.matchAll(regex)) {
                     const { key, value } = match.groups ?? ({} as { key: string; value: string });
                     result[key.trim().toLocaleLowerCase()] = value.trim();
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.description = renderDescription({
                     title: item.title,
                     image: bigImage ?? item.image,
-                    posted: item.pubDate ?? '',
+                    posted: (item.pubDate ?? '') as string,
                     by: result.by,
                     source: result.source,
                     rating: result.rating,
diff --git a/lib/routes/brave/latest.ts b/lib/routes/brave/latest.ts
index 9fd36130e2..a18e25c140 100644
--- a/lib/routes/brave/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/brave/latest.ts
@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('.box h3')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.text();
-            const device = item.parent().find('h2').text();
+            const title = $item.text();
+            const device = $item.parent().find('h2').text();
             const matchVersion = title.match(/(v[\d.]+)/);
             const matchDate = title.match(/\((.*?)\)/);
 
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ async function handler() {
                 title: `[${device}] ${title}`,
                 link: currentUrl,
                 guid: `${currentUrl}#${device}-${matchVersion?.[1] ?? title}`,
-                description: item.next().html(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(matchDate?.[1].replace(/(st|nd|rd|th)?,/, ''), ['MMMM D YYYY', 'MMM D YYYY']),
+                description: $item.next().html(),
+                pubDate: parseDate(matchDate?.[1].replace(/(st|nd|rd|th)?,/, '')!, ['MMMM D YYYY', 'MMM D YYYY']),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/bt0/mv.ts b/lib/routes/bt0/mv.ts
index 4fe24a61af..2b14840e46 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bt0/mv.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bt0/mv.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const _link = `${host}/prod/core/system/getVideoDetail/${number}`;
 
     const data = (await doGot(0, host, _link)).data;
-    const items = Object.values(data.ecca).flatMap((item) =>
+    const items = Object.values<any[]>(data.ecca).flatMap((item) =>
         item.map((i) => ({
             title: i.zname,
             guid: i.zname,
diff --git a/lib/routes/btbtla/detail.ts b/lib/routes/btbtla/detail.ts
index 47adc7ec54..4326885ec4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/btbtla/detail.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/btbtla/detail.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             // 使用缓存获取磁力链接
             const magnet = await cache.tryGet(`btbtla:magnet:${link}`, async () => {
                 if (link) {
-                    return await getMagnet('https://www.btbtla.com' + link);
+                    const magnetLink = await getMagnet('https://www.btbtla.com' + link);
+                    return magnetLink as string;
                 }
                 return '';
             });
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return {
                 title,
                 link,
-                enclosure_url: magnet,
+                enclosure_url: magnet as string,
                 enclosure_type: 'application/x-bittorrent',
             };
         })
diff --git a/lib/routes/btzj/index.tsx b/lib/routes/btzj/index.tsx
index 711c1443cc..6eaaa12fc0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/btzj/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/btzj/index.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('#threadlist table')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const a = $(item).find('.subject_link');
 
             return {
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         content(el).attr(
                             'href',
                             `${rootUrl}/${content(el)
-                                .attr('href')
+                                .attr('href')!
                                 .replace(/^attach-dialog/, 'attach-download')}`
                         );
                     });
diff --git a/lib/routes/buaa/jiaowu.ts b/lib/routes/buaa/jiaowu.ts
index 21fe46e885..c1bbeb4de7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/buaa/jiaowu.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/buaa/jiaowu.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
         item,
         link: BASE_URL,
         author: '北航教务部',
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/buaa/lib/space/newbook.tsx b/lib/routes/buaa/lib/space/newbook.tsx
index 1e548dc7ac..6dcf3ddcf9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/buaa/lib/space/newbook.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/buaa/lib/space/newbook.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
     const path = ctx.req.param('path');
-    const i = path.indexOf('/');
-    const params = i === -1 ? '' : path.slice(i + 1);
+    const i = path!.indexOf('/');
+    const params = i === -1 ? '' : path!.slice(i + 1);
     const searchParams = new URLSearchParams(params);
     const dcpCode = searchParams.get('dcpCode'); // Filter by subject (discipline code)
     const clsNo = searchParams.get('clsNo'); // Filter by class (Chinese Library Classification)
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
         title: '北航图书馆 - 新书速递',
         item,
         description: '北京航空航天大学图书馆新书速递',
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         link: 'https://space.lib.buaa.edu.cn/space/newBook',
         author: '北京航空航天大学图书馆',
         allowEmpty: true,
diff --git a/lib/routes/buaa/news/index.ts b/lib/routes/buaa/news/index.ts
index 6d2dbf064d..a1365e0305 100644
--- a/lib/routes/buaa/news/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/buaa/news/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
         title: `北航新闻 - ${title}`,
         link,
         description: `北京航空航天大学新闻网 - ${title}`,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: result,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/buaa/sme.ts b/lib/routes/buaa/sme.ts
index 7869d8b61a..2bf3b15310 100755
--- a/lib/routes/buaa/sme.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/buaa/sme.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         // 源文章
         item: await getItems(list),
         // 语言
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/buct/cist.ts b/lib/routes/buct/cist.ts
index 64b358b944..a854412dfd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/buct/cist.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/buct/cist.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -32,15 +32,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('ul.wp_article_list > li.list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            pubDate: $(item).find('.Article_PublishDate').text(),
-            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title'),
-            link: `${rootUrl}${$(item).find('a').attr('href')}`,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                pubDate: $(item).find('.Article_PublishDate').text(),
+                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$(item).find('a').attr('href')}`,
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/buct/gr.ts b/lib/routes/buct/gr.ts
index eeabde4d22..8d9fdba6fb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/buct/gr.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/buct/gr.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -68,15 +68,17 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('ul.wp_article_list > li.list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            pubDate: $(item).find('.Article_PublishDate').text(),
-            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title'),
-            link: `${rootUrl}${$(item).find('a').attr('href')}`,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                pubDate: $(item).find('.Article_PublishDate').text(),
+                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$(item).find('a').attr('href')}`,
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                 item.description = content('.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/buct/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/buct/jwc.ts
index 35c4b7dcc5..9b16e24cb1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/buct/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/buct/jwc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -34,15 +34,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('div.list02 ul > li')
         .not('#wp_paging_w66 li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            pubDate: $(item).find('span').text(),
-            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title'),
-            link: `${rootUrl}${$(item).find('a').attr('href')}`,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                pubDate: $(item).find('span').text(),
+                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$(item).find('a').attr('href')}`,
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                 const iframeSrc = content('.wp_pdf_player').attr('pdfsrc');
diff --git a/lib/routes/bullionvault/gold-news.ts b/lib/routes/bullionvault/gold-news.ts
index 381425b4d6..ef684e29e4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bullionvault/gold-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bullionvault/gold-news.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('section#block-bootstrap-views-block-latest-articles-block div.media, div.gold-news-content table tr')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('td.views-field-title a, div.views-field-title a').first();
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 link: linkUrl,
                 author: authors,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('article.article h1').text();
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content')?.split(/\|/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/bupt/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/bupt/jwc.ts
index 4051dff75c..8092ab5ca7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bupt/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bupt/jwc.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ export const route: Route = {
     example: '/bupt/jwc/tzgg',
     parameters: {
         type: {
-            type: 'string',
-            optional: false,
             description: '信息类型，可选值：tzgg（通知公告），xwzx（新闻资讯）',
         },
     },
@@ -70,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
     const list = $('.txt-elise')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): (DataItem & { link: string }) | null => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const $link = $item.find('a');
             // Skip elements without links or with empty href
@@ -82,7 +80,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
                 link: rootUrl + '/' + $link.attr('href'),
             };
         })
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter((item) => item !== null);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
diff --git a/lib/routes/bupt/rczp.ts b/lib/routes/bupt/rczp.ts
index b3bda326ca..b380695949 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bupt/rczp.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bupt/rczp.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,18 +43,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.date-block')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.next().text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/${item.next().attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.next().text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/${$item.next().attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/bupt/scss.ts b/lib/routes/bupt/scss.ts
index 28113c9b12..559717a840 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bupt/scss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bupt/scss.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $(selector)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): (DataItem & { link: string; pubDateRaw: string }) | null => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const $link = $item.find('a');
             if ($link.length === 0 || !$link.attr('href')) {
                 return null;
             }
 
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, rootUrl).href;
             const rawDate = $item.find('span').text().replace('发布时间：', '').trim();
 
             return {
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 pubDateRaw: rawDate,
             };
         })
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter((item) => item !== null);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
diff --git a/lib/routes/bvisness/blog.ts b/lib/routes/bvisness/blog.ts
index 4453c7ab62..73296aaf1a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bvisness/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bvisness/blog.ts
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('article')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), 'https://bvisness.me/').href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('time').attr('datetime')),
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, 'https://bvisness.me/').href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('time').attr('datetime')!),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/byau/xinwen/index.ts b/lib/routes/byau/xinwen/index.ts
index e2208648ca..456bc3fc59 100644
--- a/lib/routes/byau/xinwen/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/byau/xinwen/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.news')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $$ = load(item);
 
             const originalItemUrl = $$('a').attr('href');
             // 因为学校要闻的头两个像是固定了跳转专栏页面的，不能相同处理
-            const startsWithHttp = originalItemUrl.startsWith('http');
-            const itemUrl = startsWithHttp ? originalItemUrl : new URL(originalItemUrl, baseUrl).href;
+            const startsWithHttp = originalItemUrl!.startsWith('http');
+            const itemUrl = startsWithHttp ? originalItemUrl : new URL(originalItemUrl!, baseUrl).href;
 
             return {
                 title: $$('a').text(),
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/c114/roll.ts b/lib/routes/c114/roll.ts
index 322f59ed7d..eb7ec48fa4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/c114/roll.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/c114/roll.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,21 +25,21 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.new_list_c')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('h6 a').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('div.new_list_time').text(), ['HH:mm', 'M/D']), 8),
-                link: new URL(item.find('h6 a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                author: item.find('div.new_list_author').text().trim(),
-                language,
+                title: $item.find('h6 a').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('div.new_list_time').text(), ['HH:mm', 'M/D']), 8),
+                link: new URL($item.find('h6 a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                author: $item.find('div.new_list_author').text().trim(),
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link, {
                     responseType: 'buffer',
                 });
@@ -57,14 +57,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('.text').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('div.top2-1 a img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.top2-1 a img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('p.top1-1-1 a').first().text(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
@@ -102,8 +102,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         {
             source: ['c114.com.cn/news/roll.asp'],
             target: (_, url) => {
-                url = new URL(url);
-                const original = url.searchParams.get('o');
+                const original = new URL(url).searchParams.get('o');
 
                 return `/roll${original ? `/${original}` : ''}`;
             },
diff --git a/lib/routes/caam/index.ts b/lib/routes/caam/index.ts
index 2cd763d781..0b7d309dbd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/caam/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/caam/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -136,21 +136,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('span.cont')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.parent();
+            const a = $item.parent();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
                 pubDate: parseDate(a.find('span.time').text(), '[YYYY.MM.DD]'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${author} - ${subtitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         subtitle,
         author,
diff --git a/lib/routes/caareviews/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/caareviews/utils.tsx
index dbeddcbf33..2ec3334ae7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/caareviews/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/caareviews/utils.tsx
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ const getList = async (url) => {
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => ({
             title: $(item).find('div.title').text().trim(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('div.title > em > a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
+            link: new URL($(item).find('div.title > em > a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             author: $(item).find('div.contributors').text().trim(),
         }));
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ const getItems = (ctx, list) =>
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                const coverUrl = new URL($('div.cover > a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href;
+                const coverUrl = new URL($('div.cover > a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href;
                 const content = $('div.content.full-review').html();
                 item.description = renderToString(
                     <>
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ const getItems = (ctx, list) =>
                 );
                 $('div.review_heading').remove();
                 item.pubDate = parseDate($('div.header-text > div.clearfix').text());
-                item.doi = $('div.crossref > a').attr('href').replace('http://dx.doi.org/', '');
+                item.doi = $('div.crossref > a').attr('href')!.replace('http://dx.doi.org/', '');
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/cags/edu/index.ts b/lib/routes/cags/edu/index.ts
index b3758c9458..61a4439154 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cags/edu/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cags/edu/index.ts
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const id = item.id;
         const title = item.title;
 
-        let pubDate = null;
+        let pubDate: Date | null = null;
         if (item.publishDate) {
             pubDate = parseDate(item.publishDate, 'YYYY-MM-DD');
             pubDate = timezone(pubDate, 8);
diff --git a/lib/routes/caixin/blog.ts b/lib/routes/caixin/blog.ts
index 29f4674b38..c1f4f69191 100644
--- a/lib/routes/caixin/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/caixin/blog.ts
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .slice('window.user = '.length + 1)
             .split(';', 1)[0]
             .replaceAll(/\s/g, '');
-        const authorId = user.match(/id:"(\d+)"/)[1];
-        const authorName = user.match(/name:"(.*?)"/)[1];
-        const avatar = user.match(/avatar:"(.*?)"/)[1];
-        const introduce = user.match(/introduce:"(.*?)"/)[1];
+        const authorId = user.match(/id:"(\d+)"/)![1];
+        const authorName = user.match(/name:"(.*?)"/)![1];
+        const avatar = user.match(/avatar:"(.*?)"/)![1];
+        const introduce = user.match(/introduce:"(.*?)"/)![1];
 
         const {
             data: { data },
diff --git a/lib/routes/caixin/category.ts b/lib/routes/caixin/category.ts
index 081c7b557f..01829ed594 100644
--- a/lib/routes/caixin/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/caixin/category.ts
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const entity = JSON.parse(
         $('script')
             .text()
-            .match(/var entity = (\{.*?\})/)[1]
+            .match(/var entity = (\{.*?\})/)![1]
     );
 
     const {
diff --git a/lib/routes/caixin/database.ts b/lib/routes/caixin/database.ts
index 63eebef05b..ae4c6ac6d0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/caixin/database.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/caixin/database.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,17 +41,17 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('h4 a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href').replace('http://', 'https://'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href')!.replace('http://', 'https://'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/caixin/utils-fulltext.ts b/lib/routes/caixin/utils-fulltext.ts
index af5b027161..1e80d71014 100644
--- a/lib/routes/caixin/utils-fulltext.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/caixin/utils-fulltext.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export async function getFulltext(url: string) {
     if (!/\d+\.html/.test(url)) {
         return;
     }
-    const articleID = url.match(/(\d+)\.html/)[1];
+    const articleID = url.match(/(\d+)\.html/)![1];
 
     const nonce = crypto.randomUUID().replaceAll('-', '').toUpperCase();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/caixin/utils.ts b/lib/routes/caixin/utils.ts
index 73e7e547d5..aa06289b07 100644
--- a/lib/routes/caixin/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/caixin/utils.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ const parseBlogArticle = async (item) => {
         .find('p')
         // Non-breaking space U+00A0, `&nbsp;` in html
         // element.children[0].data === $(element, article).text()
-        .filter((_, element) => element.children[0].data === String.fromCodePoint(160))
+        .filter((_, element) => (element.children[0] as Text).data === String.fromCodePoint(160))
         .remove();
 
     item.description = article.html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/caixin/weekly.ts b/lib/routes/caixin/weekly.ts
index 89d1c9596e..d35391f20f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/caixin/weekly.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/caixin/weekly.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = (await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(data);
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.pubDate = parseDate(
                     $('.source')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/出版日期：(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)[1]
+                        .match(/出版日期：(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)![1]
                 );
 
                 $('.subscribe').remove();
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const report = $('.report');
                 report.find('.title, .source, .date').remove();
 
-                item.description = $('.cover').html() + report.html() + $('.magIntro2').html();
+                item.description = $('.cover').html()! + report.html()! + $('.magIntro2').html();
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/caixinglobal/latest.ts b/lib/routes/caixinglobal/latest.ts
index 1df291e168..9290d41f23 100644
--- a/lib/routes/caixinglobal/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/caixinglobal/latest.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     content = data.data.content;
                 }
 
-                item.description = $('.cons-photo').prop('outerHTML') + content;
+                item.description = $('.cons-photo').prop('outerHTML')! + content!;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: 'The Latest Top Headlines on China - Caixin Global',
         description: 'The latest headlines on China finance, companies, politics, international affairs and other China-related issues from around the world. Caixin Global',
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         link: 'https://www.caixinglobal.com/news/',
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/camchina/index.ts b/lib/routes/camchina/index.ts
index 811d9311ca..ade09b0099 100644
--- a/lib/routes/camchina/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/camchina/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -47,18 +47,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.M-main-l p a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/cankaoxiaoxi/index.tsx b/lib/routes/cankaoxiaoxi/index.tsx
index a2069e2186..e1d3249d75 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cankaoxiaoxi/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cankaoxiaoxi/index.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `参考消息 - ${channelResponse.data.name}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: '参考消息',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cara/portfolio.ts b/lib/routes/cara/portfolio.ts
index 89cae98773..dfd8cac32d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cara/portfolio.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cara/portfolio.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 
 import { API_HOST, CDN_HOST, HOST } from './constant';
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
 
     const portfolioResponse = await customFetch<PortfolioResponse>(api);
 
-    const items = await Promise.all(portfolioResponse.data.map((item) => cache.tryGet(`${HOST}/post/${item.postId}`, async () => await fetchPortfolioItem(item)) as unknown as DataItem));
+    const items = await Promise.all(portfolioResponse.data.map((item) => cache.tryGet(`${HOST}/post/${item.postId}`, async () => await fetchPortfolioItem(item))));
 
     return {
         title: `Portfolio - ${userInfo.name}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/cara/utils.ts b/lib/routes/cara/utils.ts
index 39c2aa74b7..ea4255a634 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cara/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cara/utils.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export async function parseUserData(user: string) {
     return (await cache.tryGet(`${HOST}:${user}`, async () => {
         const data = await customFetch<UserNextData>(`${HOST}/_next/data/${buildId}/${user}.json`);
         return data.pageProps.user;
-    })) as Promise<UserNextData['pageProps']['user']>;
+    })) as UserNextData['pageProps']['user'];
 }
 
 export async function fetchPortfolioItem(item: PortfolioResponse['data'][number]) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/cartoonmad/comic.tsx b/lib/routes/cartoonmad/comic.tsx
index a8009be8cd..f2a816fe1a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cartoonmad/comic.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cartoonmad/comic.tsx
@@ -81,12 +81,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                chapter: item.text().match(/\d+/)[0],
-                pages: item.next('font').text().match(/\d+/)[0],
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                chapter: $item.text().match(/\d+/)![0],
+                pages: $item.next('font').text().match(/\d+/)![0],
             };
         })
         .toReversed();
diff --git a/lib/routes/cas/cg/index.ts b/lib/routes/cas/cg/index.ts
index a4aba4e7c7..61c043ff65 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cas/cg/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cas/cg/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,18 +47,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .not('.gl_line')
         .slice(0, 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/cg/${caty}${a.attr('href').replace('.', '')}`,
+                link: `${rootUrl}/cg/${caty}${a.attr('href')!.replace('.', '')}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.description = content('.TRS_Editor').html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!), 8);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/cas/genetics/index.ts b/lib/routes/cas/genetics/index.ts
index 9bd8db3cd2..ce23139c76 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cas/genetics/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cas/genetics/index.ts
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         items = $('li.box-s.h16')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a').first();
-                const date = item.find('.box-date');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a').first();
+                const date = $item.find('.box-date');
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
                     pubDate: parseDate(date.text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 };
             });
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         items = $('div.list-tab ul li')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a').first();
-                const date = item.find('.right').first();
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a').first();
+                const date = $item.find('.right').first();
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
                     pubDate: parseDate(date.text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 };
             });
@@ -63,12 +63,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         items = $('li.row.no-gutters.py-1')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a').first();
-                const date = item.find('.col-news-date');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a').first();
+                const date = $item.find('.col-news-date');
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
                     pubDate: parseDate(date.text(), 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
                 };
             });
diff --git a/lib/routes/cas/ia/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/cas/ia/yjs.ts
index d37b8a99c8..1598d606b4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cas/ia/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cas/ia/yjs.ts
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('li a').text(),
-                    description: item.find('li a').text(),
-                    link: item.find('li a').attr('href'),
+                    title: $item.find('li a').text(),
+                    description: $item.find('li a').text(),
+                    link: $item.find('li a').attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/cas/iee/kydt.ts b/lib/routes/cas/iee/kydt.ts
index a777b1ebf3..d65b7f0938 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cas/iee/kydt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cas/iee/kydt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('li.entry .entry-content-title')
         .slice(0, 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/cas/is/index.ts b/lib/routes/cas/is/index.ts
index f977aaca89..9b1e56f0e5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cas/is/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cas/is/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,19 +27,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const items = $('.list-news ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), response.url).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text().replaceAll('[]', '')),
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, response.url).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text().replaceAll('[]', '')),
             };
         });
 
     await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (!item.link.startsWith(`${baseUrl}/`)) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (!item.link!.startsWith(`${baseUrl}/`)) {
                     return item;
                 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cas/mesalab/kb.ts b/lib/routes/cas/mesalab/kb.ts
index 4e9da91b33..a20dc78e3c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cas/mesalab/kb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cas/mesalab/kb.ts
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     title,
                     author: $('.user_name').text(),
                     pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('.link_postdate').text().replaceAll(/\s+/g, ' ')), 8),
-                    description: $('#article_content').html() + ($('.attachment').length ? $('.attachment').html() : ''),
+                    description: $('#article_content').html()! + ($('.attachment').length ? $('.attachment').html() : '')!,
                     link,
                     category: $('.category .category_r span').first().text(),
                 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/cas/sim/kyjz.ts b/lib/routes/cas/sim/kyjz.ts
index 1e61deea23..1de0284748 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cas/sim/kyjz.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cas/sim/kyjz.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,17 +40,18 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('.list-news li')
         .toArray()
         .filter((e) => !$(e).attr('style'))
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
             return {
-                link: new URL(e.find('a').attr('href'), link).href,
-                pubDate: e.find('span').text().replace('[', '').replace(']', ''),
+                link: new URL($e.find('a').attr('href')!, link).href,
+                pubDate: $e.find('span').text().replace('[', '').replace(']', ''),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
@@ -58,9 +59,9 @@ async function handler() {
                 const reg = /文章来源：(.*?)\|/;
 
                 item.title = $('p.wztitle').text().trim();
-                item.author = reg.exec(author)[1].toString().trim();
+                item.author = reg.exec(author)![1].toString().trim();
                 item.description = $('.TRS_Editor').html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate);
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate!);
                 return item;
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/casssp/news.ts b/lib/routes/casssp/news.ts
index 65a36ed31a..6753329c8a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/casssp/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/casssp/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,18 +40,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('p.e_text-22.s_title a, p.e_text-18.s_title a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -65,14 +65,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     const image = $('img[la="la"]').first().prop('src');
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon "]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon "]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/cast/index.ts b/lib/routes/cast/index.ts
index 32732e8e1f..1280f10dc5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cast/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cast/index.ts
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ async function parsePage(html: string) {
                 articleUrl = `${baseUrl}${title.attr('href')}`;
 
                 return cache.tryGet(articleUrl, async () => {
-                    const res = await got.get<string>(articleUrl!);
+                    const res = await got.get(articleUrl!);
                     const article = load(res.data);
                     const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(article('meta[name=PubDate]').attr('content')!, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8);
 
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     if (category) {
         link += `/${category}/index.html`;
     }
-    const { data: indexData } = await got.get<string>(link);
+    const { data: indexData } = await got.get(link);
 
     const $ = load(indexData);
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const queryData = JSON.parse(buildUnitScript.attr('querydata')?.replaceAll("'", '"') ?? '{}');
         queryData.paramJson = `{"pageNo":1,"pageSize":${limit}}`;
 
-        const { data } = await got.get<{ data: { html: string } }>(queryUrl, {
+        const { data } = await got.get(queryUrl, {
             searchParams: new URLSearchParams(queryData),
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/castanet/news.ts b/lib/routes/castanet/news.ts
index d9f4894a6e..161c5f8db9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/castanet/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/castanet/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -94,11 +94,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
         image: feed.image?.url,
         language: feed.language,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/catti/news.ts b/lib/routes/catti/news.ts
index dda96c2a1c..2e2b84b6e1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/catti/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/catti/news.ts
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ const NEWS_TYPES: Record<string, NewsCategory> = {
 };
 
 const handler: Route['handler'] = async (ctx) => {
-    const category = ctx.req.param('category');
+    const category = ctx.req.param('category')!;
 
     const BASE_URL = `https://www.catticenter.com/${category}`;
 
@@ -75,13 +75,13 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async (ctx) => {
                         image: 'https://www.catticenter.com/img/applogo.png',
                         content,
                         updated: item.date,
-                        language: 'zh-cn',
+                        language: 'zh-CN',
                     };
                 })
             )
         )) as DataItem[],
         allowEmpty: true,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN',
         feedLink: 'https://rsshub.app/ruankao/news',
         id: 'https://rsshub.app/ruankao/news',
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/cau/ele.ts b/lib/routes/cau/ele.ts
index 38dd4e692c..a408e70c80 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cau/ele.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cau/ele.ts
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 const title = a.attr('title');
                 const link = `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`;
                 return {
-                    title,
+                    title: title!,
                     link,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.col-lg-1').text()),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.col-lg-1').text()),
                     guid: `${link}#${title}`,
                 };
             }),
diff --git a/lib/routes/cau/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/cau/yjs.ts
index a2a77d545a..29497826a4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cau/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cau/yjs.ts
@@ -53,15 +53,15 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
                     title: a
                         .contents()
                         .filter((_, node) => node.type === 'text')
                         .text(),
                     link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text().replaceAll(/[[\]]/g, '')),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text().replaceAll(/[[\]]/g, '')),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/cbaigui/index.ts b/lib/routes/cbaigui/index.ts
index b415738b61..53a778d5d0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cbaigui/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cbaigui/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
         content('p img').each((_, el) => {
             const image = content(el);
-            const src = image.prop('src').split('!', 1)[0];
+            const src = image.prop('src')!.split('!', 1)[0];
             const width = image.prop('width');
             const height = image.prop('height');
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `纪妖${filterName ? ` - ${filterName}` : ''}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: $('meta[name="msapplication-TileImage"]').prop('content'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/cbc/topics.ts b/lib/routes/cbc/topics.ts
index b561143d0e..4eb85c31de 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cbc/topics.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cbc/topics.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const data = response.data;
 
     const $ = load(data);
-    const links = [];
+    const links: string[] = [];
 
     function pushLinks(index, item) {
         const link = item.attribs.href;
@@ -82,6 +82,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: url,
-        item: out.filter((x) => x.title),
+        item: out.filter((x: any) => x.title) as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cbndata/information.ts b/lib/routes/cbndata/information.ts
index 54fff60d85..7dafd5cf86 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cbndata/information.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cbndata/information.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
 
                 const dataStr: string | undefined = detailResponse.match(/<script>window\.__INITIAL_STATE__=(.*?);<\/script>/)?.[1];
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.logo-logoImage').attr('src'),
         author: title.split(/\|/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/cbpanet/index.ts b/lib/routes/cbpanet/index.ts
index 1694fee9c3..3ab64246c9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cbpanet/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cbpanet/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -22,21 +22,21 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.divmore ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('div.zxcont1 a');
+            const a = $item.find('div.zxcont1 a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.zxtime1').text(), 'YY/MM/DD'),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.zxtime1').text(), 'YY/MM/DD'),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('div#logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div#logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: title.split(/-/, 1)[0],
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
@@ -158,9 +158,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         {
             source: ['www.cbpanet.com/dzp_news.aspx'],
             target: (_, url) => {
-                url = new URL(url);
-                const bigId = url.searchParams.get('bigid');
-                const smallId = url.searchParams.get('smallid');
+                const { searchParams } = new URL(url);
+                const bigId = searchParams.get('bigid');
+                const smallId = searchParams.get('smallid');
 
                 return `/dzp_news${bigId ? `/${bigId}${smallId ? `/${smallId}` : ''}` : ''}`;
             },
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccac/news.ts b/lib/routes/ccac/news.ts
index 508c196ce0..cc549c9e05 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccac/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccac/news.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     await page.goto(BASE, {
         waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
     });
-    const articles = await page.evaluate(() => window.articles);
+    const articles = await page.evaluate(() => (window as any).articles);
     await context.close();
 
     const list = utils
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccagm/index.ts b/lib/routes/ccagm/index.ts
index 2d612486bc..94ea37edbc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccagm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccagm/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.news_list li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.attr('title') ?? $el.find('span.fl').text();
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? timezone(parseDate(pubDateStr), 8) : undefined,
                 link: linkUrl,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h2.center').text();
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.logo img').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/cccmc/index.ts b/lib/routes/cccmc/index.ts
index 2fa8b9c727..e3b9b26aba 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cccmc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cccmc/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     pubDate: pubDateStr ? parseDate(pubDateStr) : undefined,
                     link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, baseUrl).href : undefined,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return processedItem;
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.title').text();
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.logo').attr('src'),
         author: title.split(/-/)?.pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccf/ccfcv/index.tsx b/lib/routes/ccf/ccfcv/index.tsx
index 1ad4f155cd..d139938674 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccf/ccfcv/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/ccf/ccfcv/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,19 +47,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('div.article-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { status?: number } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3 a').text(),
-                link: (cate === 'xsqy' ? rootUrl : '') + item.find('h3 a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div p').text()),
+                title: $item.find('h3 a').text(),
+                link: (cate === 'xsqy' ? rootUrl : '') + $item.find('h3 a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div p').text()),
             };
         });
 
     if (cate === 'xsqy') {
         items = await Promise.all(
             items.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     let detailResponse;
 
                     try {
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccf/news.ts b/lib/routes/ccf/news.ts
index 74a1b2538a..2d5b7fb8d3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccf/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccf/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,17 +43,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.tit a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccfa/index.tsx b/lib/routes/ccfa/index.tsx
index 0b9332cc42..76f160d5cd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccfa/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/ccfa/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -21,22 +21,22 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.page_right ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.list_time').text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.list_time').text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (!item.link.includes('ccfa.org.cn')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (!item.link!.includes('ccfa.org.cn')) {
                     return item;
                 }
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                               .toArray()
                               .find((a) => $$(a).prop('href')?.includes('downFiles.do'));
 
-                item.enclosure_url = attachmentEl ? new URL($$(attachmentEl).prop('href'), rootUrl) : undefined;
+                item.enclosure_url = attachmentEl ? new URL($$(attachmentEl).prop('href')!, rootUrl).href : undefined;
                 item.enclosure_title = attachmentEl ? $$(attachmentEl).text() : undefined;
 
                 return item;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const description = $('li.page_tit').contents().last().text().split(/>/).pop();
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), currentUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, currentUrl).href;
     const author = $('title').text();
 
     return {
@@ -152,8 +152,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
                 'www.ccfa.org.cn/portal/cn/fangyizhuanqu_list.jsp',
             ],
             target: (_, url) => {
-                url = new URL(url);
-                const type = url.searchParams.get('type');
+                const type = new URL(url).searchParams.get('type');
 
                 return type ? `/${type}` : '';
             },
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccg/index.ts b/lib/routes/ccg/index.ts
index 714c86cbaa..f6991a7c74 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccg/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccg/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.huodong-list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('h5').text();
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, 'YYYY年M月D日') : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('div.pinpai-page h3').text();
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, 'YYYY年M月D日') : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: new URL('wp-content/themes/ccg/imgs/nav-logo.png', baseUrl).href,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccnu/career.ts b/lib/routes/ccnu/career.ts
index d77e931499..0091dccecc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccnu/career.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccnu/career.ts
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ async function handler() {
     const items =
         list &&
         list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.y').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.y').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 link: `${host}${a.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccnu/cs.ts b/lib/routes/ccnu/cs.ts
index b83e71aef2..24db512dc9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccnu/cs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccnu/cs.ts
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
-                    title: a.attr('title'),
-                    description: item.find('.overfloat-dot-2').text(),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), link).href,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.time').text(), 'DDYYYY-MM'),
+                    title: a.attr('title')!,
+                    description: $item.find('.overfloat-dot-2').text(),
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, link).href,
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.time').text(), 'DDYYYY-MM'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccnu/wu.ts b/lib/routes/ccnu/wu.ts
index 5c076f8de2..ac76945d57 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccnu/wu.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccnu/wu.ts
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), link).href,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('small').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, link).href,
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('small').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccnu/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/ccnu/yjs.ts
index c5e71f259a..e40cbac0a6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccnu/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccnu/yjs.ts
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
-                    title: a.attr('title'),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), link).href,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('small').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                    title: a.attr('title')!,
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, link).href,
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('small').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccreports/index.ts b/lib/routes/ccreports/index.ts
index 34ea40c584..27af9b1dc7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccreports/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccreports/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,18 +38,20 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('div.index-four-content > div.article-box')
         .find('div.new-child')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('p.new-title').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
-            author: $(item)
-                .find('p.new-desc')
-                .text()
-                .match(/作者：(.*?)\s/)[1],
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('p.new-title').text(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                author: $(item)
+                    .find('p.new-desc')
+                    .text()
+                    .match(/作者：(.*?)\s/)![1],
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailData = await got.get(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detailData.data);
                 item.description = $('div.pdbox').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/cctv/jx.ts b/lib/routes/cctv/jx.ts
index c1ee3fe06f..6b2f1f7a1b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cctv/jx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cctv/jx.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,25 +42,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.textr a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
                 });
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                 const date = content('head')
-                    .html()
-                    .match(/publishDate ="(.*) ";/)[1];
+                    .html()!
+                    .match(/publishDate ="(.*) ";/)![1];
                 item.pubDate = date ? parseDate(date, 'YYYYMMDDHHmmss') : null;
 
                 item.description = content('.tujitop').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/cctv/utils/news.ts b/lib/routes/cctv/utils/news.ts
index 5c5e6455c6..e3a59a472c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cctv/utils/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cctv/utils/news.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import path from 'node:path';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { PRESETS } from '@/utils/header-generator';
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ export const getNews = async (category) => {
     const resultItem = await Promise.all(
         list.map(({ title, url, focus_date, image }) =>
             cache.tryGet(`cctv-news: ${url}`, async () => {
-                const item = {
+                const item: DataItem = {
                     title,
                     link: url,
                     pubDate: timezone(parseDate(focus_date), 8),
diff --git a/lib/routes/cde/index.ts b/lib/routes/cde/index.ts
index b6d263089e..f3604f10dc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cde/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cde/index.ts
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         method: 'post',
         url,
         headers: {
-            cookie: await utils.getCookie(ctx),
+            cookie: await utils.getCookie(),
         },
         form: requestData[channel][cate],
     });
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
-                        cookie: await utils.getCookie(ctx),
+                        cookie: await utils.getCookie(),
                     },
                 });
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/cde/xxgk.tsx b/lib/routes/cde/xxgk.tsx
index c770309252..f6eb9f7c38 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cde/xxgk.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cde/xxgk.tsx
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         form: xxgkMap.xxgk[category].form,
         headers: {
             referer: xxgkMap.xxgk[category].url,
-            cookie: await utils.getCookie(ctx),
+            cookie: await utils.getCookie(),
         },
     });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cde/zdyz.ts b/lib/routes/cde/zdyz.ts
index 5f78fa5114..cac3a61fb4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cde/zdyz.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cde/zdyz.ts
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         form: zdyzMap.zdyz[category].form,
         headers: {
             referer: zdyzMap.zdyz[category].url,
-            cookie: await utils.getCookie(ctx),
+            cookie: await utils.getCookie(),
         },
     });
 
@@ -84,11 +84,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const response = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         referer: zdyzMap.zdyz[category].url,
-                        cookie: await utils.getCookie(ctx),
+                        cookie: await utils.getCookie(),
                     },
                 });
                 const $ = load(response.data);
-                item.description = $('.new_detail_content').html() + $('.relatedNews').html();
+                item.description = $('.new_detail_content').html()! + $('.relatedNews').html()!;
                 return item;
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/cdi/index.ts b/lib/routes/cdi/index.ts
index 65331910eb..07b25bb62a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cdi/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cdi/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,17 +42,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.a-full')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     parseDate(
                         content('.head p')
                             .text()
-                            .match(/时间：(.*)/)[1]
+                            .match(/时间：(.*)/)![1]
                             .replaceAll(/年|月/g, '-')
                     ),
                     8
diff --git a/lib/routes/cdu/cdrw.ts b/lib/routes/cdu/cdrw.ts
index f43df4b249..dd319da6b6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cdu/cdrw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cdu/cdrw.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('.row-f1 ul.ul-mzw-news-a2 li a.con')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const element = $(item);
             // 优先使用title属性内容，避免内容被截断
             const title = element.attr('title') || element.find('.tit').text().trim();
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler() {
             return {
                 title,
                 // 处理相对路径链接
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link, baseUrl).href,
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link!, baseUrl).href,
                 pubDate,
                 author: '成都大学新闻网',
             };
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got.get(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cdu/jwgg.ts b/lib/routes/cdu/jwgg.ts
index 0b682be6d0..347438b5bf 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cdu/jwgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cdu/jwgg.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('.ListTable.dataTable.no-footer tbody tr[role="row"].odd')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
             const element = $(e);
             const title = element.find('tr.odd a').text().trim(); /* 1.选择器 tr.odd a：这个选择器查找具有 class="odd" 的 <tr> 元素下的 <a> 标签。
                                                                     2..text()：该方法获取选中元素的文本内容。
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 .find('tr.odd td.columnDate')
                 .text()
                 .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/);
-            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(date), 8);
+            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(date?.[0] ?? ''), 8);
 
             return {
                 title,
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const result = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const itemReponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const data = itemReponse.data;
                 const itemElement = load(data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/cdu/tzggcdunews.ts b/lib/routes/cdu/tzggcdunews.ts
index 932dd417b4..e1d081d573 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cdu/tzggcdunews.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cdu/tzggcdunews.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('.row-f1 ul.ul-mzw-news-a2 li a.con')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const element = $(item);
             // 优先使用title属性内容，避免内容被截断
             const title = element.attr('title') || element.find('.tit').text().trim();
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler() {
             return {
                 title,
                 // 处理相对路径链接
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link, baseUrl).href,
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link!, baseUrl).href,
                 pubDate,
                 author: '成都大学官网通知公告',
             };
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got.get(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ce/district.ts b/lib/routes/ce/district.ts
index 1621eb581d..562a9f565f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ce/district.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ce/district.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('div.sec_left li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
             const element = $(e);
             const title = element.find('a').text().trim();
-            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href'), url).href;
+            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href')!, url).href;
             return {
                 title,
                 link,
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const GB2312Response = await ofetch(item.link, { responseType: 'arrayBuffer' });
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const GB2312Response = await ofetch(item.link!, { responseType: 'arrayBuffer' });
                 const response = new TextDecoder('gb2312').decode(new Uint8Array(GB2312Response));
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cebbank/all.tsx b/lib/routes/cebbank/all.tsx
index 76aaaf520d..1577634b9c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cebbank/all.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cebbank/all.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import { type CheerioOptions, load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import md5 from '@/utils/md5';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             if (i < 2) {
                 return null;
             }
-            const c = load(e, { decodeEntities: false });
+            const c = load(e, { decodeEntities: false } as CheerioOptions);
             return {
                 title: c('td:nth-child(1)').text(),
                 description: renderToString(<CebbankRateDescription fcer={c('td:nth-child(2)').text()} pmc={c('td:nth-child(3)').text()} exrt={c('td:nth-child(4)').text()} mc={c('td:nth-child(5)').text()} />),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('#t_id span').text().slice(5), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm', true), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('#t_id span').text().slice(5), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm', true as unknown as string), 8),
                 guid: md5(c('td:nth-child(1)').text() + $('#t_id span').text().slice(5)),
             };
         });
@@ -58,10 +58,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '中国光大银行',
         description: '中国光大银行 外汇牌价',
         link,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 
-    const pubDate = parseDate($('#t_id span').text().slice(5), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm', true);
+    const pubDate = parseDate($('#t_id span').text().slice(5), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm', true as unknown as string);
     ctx.set('json', {
         ...ret,
         pubDate: timezone(pubDate, 0),
diff --git a/lib/routes/cebbank/history.tsx b/lib/routes/cebbank/history.tsx
index a04ae82b10..89eec3f00b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cebbank/history.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cebbank/history.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import { type CheerioOptions, load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import utils from './utils';
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             if (i < 2) {
                 return null;
             }
-            const c = load(e, { decodeEntities: false });
+            const c = load(e, { decodeEntities: false } as CheerioOptions);
             return {
                 title: c('td:nth-child(1)').text(),
                 description: renderToString(
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '中国光大银行',
         description: `中国光大银行 外汇牌价 ${TYPE[type].name}`,
         link: `https://www.cebbank.com/site/ygzx/whpj/rmbwhpjlspj/index.html?currcode=${TYPE[type].id}`,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
     ctx.set('json', ret);
     return ret;
diff --git a/lib/routes/ceph/blog.ts b/lib/routes/ceph/blog.ts
index 70024f92c1..dd5358219e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ceph/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ceph/blog.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,20 +40,20 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
     const $ = load(data);
     const list = $('#main .section li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
             const element = $(e);
             const title = element.find('a').text();
-            const pubDate = parseDate(element.find('time').attr('datetime'));
+            const pubDate = parseDate(element.find('time').attr('datetime')!);
             return {
                 title,
-                link: new URL(element.find('a').attr('href'), 'https://ceph.io').href,
+                link: new URL(element.find('a').attr('href')!, 'https://ceph.io').href,
                 pubDate,
             };
         });
 
     const result = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const itemReponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const data = itemReponse.data;
                 const item$ = load(data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/cfachina/analygarden.ts b/lib/routes/cfachina/analygarden.ts
index 78d20a34a0..a05176d633 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cfachina/analygarden.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cfachina/analygarden.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         program = $('script:contains("Paging")')
             .text()
-            .match(/var name = '(.+)';/)[1];
+            .match(/var name = '(.+)';/)![1];
         pageData = {
             category: $('.crumb a')
                 .toArray()
diff --git a/lib/routes/cffex/announcement.ts b/lib/routes/cffex/announcement.ts
index 7a85667da5..2afb4bca36 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cffex/announcement.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cffex/announcement.ts
@@ -41,10 +41,10 @@ async function handler(): Promise<{ title: string; link: string; item: DataItem[
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('div.notice_list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item); // (Element) -> LoadedCheerio
-            const titleEle = $(item).find('a').first();
-            const dateEle = $(item).find('a').eq(1);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item); // (Element) -> LoadedCheerio
+            const titleEle = $($item).find('a').first();
+            const dateEle = $($item).find('a').eq(1);
 
             return {
                 title: titleEle.text().trim(),
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ async function handler(): Promise<{ title: string; link: string; item: DataItem[
     const items = await Promise.all(
         // (Promise|null) -> Promise|null
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 item.description = $('div.jysggnr div.nan p').eq(1)?.html();
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/cfmmc/index.ts b/lib/routes/cfmmc/index.ts
index 1e6cb87f37..0919d7f997 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cfmmc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cfmmc/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -119,14 +119,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     const author = '中国期货市场监控中心';
-    const image = new URL($('a.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('a.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${author} - ${$('h3.SubPage_t3').text()}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="Description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="Keywords"]').prop('content'),
         author,
diff --git a/lib/routes/chaincatcher/news.ts b/lib/routes/chaincatcher/news.ts
index ba3003a8d3..6af5f411f7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chaincatcher/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chaincatcher/news.ts
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('.block')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            item.find('.tips').remove();
-            const act = !!item.find('.act-title').text();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            $item.find('.tips').remove();
+            const act = !!$item.find('.act-title').text();
             return {
-                title: `${act ? '[重] ' : ''}${item.find('.title').text()}`,
-                description: item.find('.summary').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.find('a').first().attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8),
+                title: `${act ? '[重] ' : ''}${$item.find('.title').text()}`,
+                description: $item.find('.summary').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.find('a').first().attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/changba/user.tsx b/lib/routes/changba/user.tsx
index e45b8cbfd1..e830a6aeeb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/changba/user.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/changba/user.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         list.map((item) => {
             const $ = load(item);
             const link = $('a').attr('href');
-            return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+            return cache.tryGet<any>(link!, async () => {
                 const result = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: link,
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
                 const mp3 = `https://upscuw.changba.com/${workid}.mp3`;
                 const description = renderToString(<ChangbaWorkDescription desc={$('div.des').text()} mp3url={mp3} />);
-                const itunes_item_image = $('div.work-cover').attr('style').replace(')', '').split('url(', 2)[1];
+                const itunes_item_image = $('div.work-cover').attr('style')!.replace(')', '').split('url(', 2)[1];
                 return {
                     title: $('.work-title').text(),
                     description,
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: author + ' - 唱吧',
         link: url,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content') || author + ' - 唱吧',
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
         image: authorimg,
         itunes_author: author,
         itunes_category: '唱吧',
diff --git a/lib/routes/chikubi/utils.ts b/lib/routes/chikubi/utils.ts
index b5a6295f71..17f7dabbf6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chikubi/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chikubi/utils.ts
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ export async function getPosts(ids?: string[]): Promise<DataItem[]> {
         }));
     });
 
-    return (Array.isArray(cachedData) ? cachedData : []).filter((item): item is DataItem => item !== null);
+    return ((Array.isArray(cachedData) ? cachedData : []) as Array<DataItem | null>).filter((item): item is DataItem => item !== null);
 }
 
 const API_TYPES = {
@@ -132,5 +132,5 @@ export async function getPostsBy<T extends keyof typeof API_TYPES>(type: T, id:
         return [];
     });
 
-    return (Array.isArray(cachedData) ? cachedData : []).filter((item): item is DataItem => item !== null);
+    return ((Array.isArray(cachedData) ? cachedData : []) as Array<DataItem | null>).filter((item): item is DataItem => item !== null);
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/china/finance/finance.ts b/lib/routes/china/finance/finance.ts
index f4d69fc88b..3fd68bf2af 100644
--- a/lib/routes/china/finance/finance.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/china/finance/finance.ts
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const detailsUrls = $('.item-con-inner')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                link: item.find('.tit>a').attr('href'),
+                link: $item.find('.tit>a').attr('href'),
             };
         })
         .filter((item) => item.link !== void 0)
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         detailsUrls.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailsResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const $d = load(detailsResponse.data);
                 return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/china/news/highlights/news.ts b/lib/routes/china/news/highlights/news.ts
index 6040938293..376b1a1c07 100644
--- a/lib/routes/china/news/highlights/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/china/news/highlights/news.ts
@@ -52,14 +52,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `中华网-${categoryTitle}新闻`,
         link: websiteUrl,
         item: news.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.item_title a').text(),
-                author: item.find('.item_source').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.item_title a').text(),
+                author: $item.find('.item_source').text(),
                 category: `${categoryTitle}新闻`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.item_time').text()),
-                description: item.find('.item_title a').text(),
-                link: item.find('li a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.item_time').text()),
+                description: $item.find('.item_title a').text(),
+                link: $item.find('li a').attr('href'),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/china/news/military/news.ts b/lib/routes/china/news/military/news.ts
index a5520bcfdc..e9791a10f3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/china/news/military/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/china/news/military/news.ts
@@ -38,14 +38,14 @@ async function handler() {
         title: '中华网-军事新闻',
         link: 'https://military.china.com/news/',
         item: commonList.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3.item_title').text(),
+                title: $item.find('h3.item_title').text(),
                 author: '中华网军事',
                 category: '中华网军事',
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('em.item_time').text()),
-                description: item.find('.item_source').text(),
-                link: item.find('h3.item_title a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('em.item_time').text()),
+                description: $item.find('.item_source').text(),
+                link: $item.find('h3.item_title a').attr('href'),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinacdc/index.ts b/lib/routes/chinacdc/index.ts
index 1b81fe9b7b..742ad1cbd8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinacdc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinacdc/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
                 media: Object.keys(media).length > 0 ? media : undefined,
             };
         });
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const detailTitle: string = $$('h5').text();
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         },
                         image: item.image,
                         banner: item.banner,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                         media: item.media,
                     };
                 });
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: feedImage,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinadaily/language.ts b/lib/routes/chinadaily/language.ts
index dae3316c8a..a9828bf431 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinadaily/language.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinadaily/language.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.gy_box, ul.content_list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a:not(.gy_box_img):not(.a_img)').first();
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
-                    const title: string = $$('meta[ property="og:title"]').attr('content');
+                    const title: string = $$('meta[ property="og:title"]').attr('content')!;
                     const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('p.main_title3').text().split(/\s/).pop();
                     const categories: string[] | undefined = $$('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/);
                     const authorEls: Element[] = $$('meta[name="source"], meta[name="author"], meta[name="editor"]').toArray();
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const $enclosureEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$('iframe#playerFrame, audio').first();
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     ).filter((_): _ is DataItem => true);
 
     const title: string = $('title').text();
-    const author: string = title.split(/-\s/).pop();
+    const author: string = title.split(/-\s/).pop()!;
 
     return {
         title,
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.header2_logo1 img').attr('src'),
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         itunes_author: author,
         itunes_category: 'Language',
         id: targetUrl,
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinadegrees/province.tsx b/lib/routes/chinadegrees/province.tsx
index f627575ca9..84bd0c2c64 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinadegrees/province.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/chinadegrees/province.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -102,10 +102,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 items: $('.datalist tr')
                     .toArray()
                     .slice(1)
-                    .map((item) => {
-                        item = $(item);
-                        const title = item.find('td').eq(1).text();
-                        const pubDate = item.find('td').eq(2).text();
+                    .map((item): DataItem => {
+                        const $item = $(item);
+                        const title = $item.find('td').eq(1).text();
+                        const pubDate = $item.find('td').eq(2).text();
                         return {
                             title,
                             pubDate,
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = data.items.map((item) => {
         item.description = renderDescription(item.title, item.pubDate);
-        item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate, 'YYYY-MM-DD');
+        item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate!, 'YYYY-MM-DD');
         return item;
     });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinafactcheck/index.ts b/lib/routes/chinafactcheck/index.ts
index efe5326ea4..83c1c2f0d4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinafactcheck/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinafactcheck/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -32,11 +32,16 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const articlesLink = $('.post-info-box .post-thumb a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({ link: $(item).attr('href') }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                link: $(item).attr('href'),
+                title: '',
+            })
+        );
 
     const articles = await Promise.all(
         articlesLink.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { title, author, pubDate, description, category } = await utils.getArticleDetail(item.link);
 
                 item.title = title;
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinafactcheck/utils.ts b/lib/routes/chinafactcheck/utils.ts
index c902d8106f..fda2e30d7e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinafactcheck/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinafactcheck/utils.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -40,22 +41,13 @@ const getArticleDetail = async (link) => {
     const category = $('.content-tags a[rel="tag"]')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => $(item).text());
-    return new ArticleDetail(title, author, pubDate, description, category);
+    const detail: DataItem = { title, author, pubDate, description, category };
+    return detail;
 };
-class ArticleDetail {
-    constructor(title, author, pubDate, description, category) {
-        this.title = title;
-        this.author = author;
-        this.pubDate = pubDate;
-        this.description = description;
-        this.category = category;
-    }
-}
 
 export default {
     siteLink,
     cleanDom,
     getArticleDetail,
-    ArticleDetail,
     trueUA: config.trueUA,
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinaisa/index.ts b/lib/routes/chinaisa/index.ts
index e9e44184a9..e912672682 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinaisa/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinaisa/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -188,20 +188,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('ul.list li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.prop('title') ?? item.text(),
-                link: new URL(`gxportal/xfgl/portal/${item.prop('href')}`, rootUrl).href,
-                guid: item.prop('href').match(/articleId=(\w+)/)[1],
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.parent().find('span.times').text().replaceAll('[]', '')),
+                title: $item.prop('title') ?? $item.text(),
+                link: new URL(`gxportal/xfgl/portal/${$item.prop('href')}`, rootUrl).href,
+                guid: $item.prop('href')!.match(/articleId=(\w+)/)![1],
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.parent().find('span.times').text().replaceAll('[]', '')),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await ofetch(apiArticleUrl, {
                     method: 'POST',
                     headers: {
@@ -236,14 +236,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     $ = load(currentResponse);
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${$('title').text()} - ${subtitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: new URL('img/logo.jpg', rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinamoney/notice.ts b/lib/routes/chinamoney/notice.ts
index cf58a1e5f6..5c8ce37deb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinamoney/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinamoney/notice.ts
@@ -87,16 +87,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const article = $('.article-a-body');
                 article.find('*').removeAttr('style');
                 article.find('font').each((_, ele) => {
-                    $(ele).replaceWith($(ele).html());
+                    $(ele).replaceWith($(ele).html() ?? '');
                 });
                 article.find('span').each((_, ele) => {
-                    $(ele).replaceWith($(ele).html());
+                    $(ele).replaceWith($(ele).html() ?? '');
                 });
                 article.find('.article-a-attach-body a').each((i, ele) => {
-                    ele = $(ele);
-                    if (ele.attr('onclick')?.startsWith("location.href=encodeURI($('#fileDownUrl').val()+'fileDownLoad.do")) {
-                        ele.attr('href', `${baseUrl}/dqs/cm-s-notice-query/fileDownLoad.do?mode=open&contentId=${item.contentId}&priority=${i}`);
-                        ele.removeAttr('onclick');
+                    const $ele = $(ele);
+                    if ($ele.attr('onclick')?.startsWith("location.href=encodeURI($('#fileDownUrl').val()+'fileDownLoad.do")) {
+                        $ele.attr('href', `${baseUrl}/dqs/cm-s-notice-query/fileDownLoad.do?mode=open&contentId=${item.contentId}&priority=${i}`);
+                        $ele.removeAttr('onclick');
                     }
                 });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinanews/index.ts b/lib/routes/chinanews/index.ts
index 1f2a9d3a19..d396888c3f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinanews/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinanews/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,15 +34,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const limit = ctx.req.query('limit');
     const list = $('a', '.dd_bt')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            link: rootUrl + $(item).attr('href'),
-            title: $(item).text(),
-        }))
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                link: rootUrl + $(item).attr('href'),
+                title: $(item).text(),
+            })
+        )
         .slice(0, limit ? Number.parseInt(limit) : 50);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '中国新闻网',
         link: currentUrl,
         description: '中国新闻网（简称“中新网”），由中国新闻社主办，为中央重点新闻网站。',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinania/index.ts b/lib/routes/chinania/index.ts
index 5f0d51c786..51396b1f40 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinania/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinania/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -21,20 +21,20 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('ul.notice_list_ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('p').first().text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('p').last().text()),
-                link: item.find('a').prop('href'),
-                language,
+                title: $item.find('p').first().text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('p').last().text()),
+                link: $item.find('a').prop('href'),
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
                 item.title = title;
                 item.description = description;
-                item.pubDate = parseDate($$('div.article_title p').last().text().split('：'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate($$('div.article_title p').last().text().split('：', 2)[1] ?? '');
                 item.author = $$("meta[name='keywords']").prop('content');
                 item.content = {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.article_content').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('img.logo').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('img.logo').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $("meta[name='keywords']").prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinaratings/credit-research.ts b/lib/routes/chinaratings/credit-research.ts
index 054bffaf10..2e4bde8219 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinaratings/credit-research.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinaratings/credit-research.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.contRight ul.list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a');
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.newshead h2, div.title h3').text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinathinktanks/viewpoint.ts b/lib/routes/chinathinktanks/viewpoint.ts
index 48d069e206..ff907a8ced 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinathinktanks/viewpoint.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinathinktanks/viewpoint.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { CookieJar } from 'tough-cookie';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -85,19 +85,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.main-content-left-list-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
             return {
-                title: e.find('.title span').text(),
-                link: baseUrl + e.attr('href'),
-                author: e.find('.author-by span').text(),
-                pubDate: e.find('.author-time').text(),
+                title: $e.find('.title span').text(),
+                link: baseUrl + $e.attr('href'),
+                author: $e.find('.author-by span').text(),
+                pubDate: $e.find('.author-time').text(),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got({
                     url: item.link,
                     cookieJar,
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 const content = $('#art');
                 item.description = content.html();
-                item.pubDate = item.pubDate.includes('-') ? timezone(parseDate(item.pubDate, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8) : parseRelativeDate(item.pubDate);
+                item.pubDate = (item.pubDate as string).includes('-') ? timezone(parseDate(item.pubDate as string, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8) : parseRelativeDate(item.pubDate as string);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinatimes/index.ts b/lib/routes/chinatimes/index.ts
index f526b58673..b04a3139c5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinatimes/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinatimes/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -48,14 +48,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.articlebox-compact')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const a = $item.find('.title a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}?chdtv`,
                 guid: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').attr('datetime')), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').attr('datetime')!), 8),
                 category: $item
                     .find('.category a')
                     .toArray()
@@ -65,14 +65,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const page = await context.newPage();
                 await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
                     const request = route.request();
                     request.resourceType() === 'document' ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                 });
                 logger.http(`Requesting ${item.link}`);
-                await page.goto(item.link, {
+                await page.goto(item.link!, {
                     waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
                 });
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.category = [
                     ...new Set([
-                        ...item.category,
+                        ...(item.category as string[]),
                         ...$('.article-hash-tag a')
                             .toArray()
                             .map((i) => $(i).text()),
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 $('.ad, #donate-form-container, .promote-word, .google-news-promote, .article-hash-tag').remove();
 
-                item.description = $('.main-figure').html() + $('.article-body').html();
+                item.description = $('.main-figure').html()! + $('.article-body').html()!;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         description: $('head meta[name="description"]').attr('content'),
         link,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         image: `${baseUrl}/images/2020/apple-touch-icon.png`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinaventure/index.ts b/lib/routes/chinaventure/index.ts
index 80c6619130..dd6ded427b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinaventure/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinaventure/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -59,16 +59,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const limit = ctx.req.query('limit');
     const list = $('a', '.common_newslist_pc')
-        .filter((_, element) => $(element).attr('href'))
+        .filter((_, element) => !!$(element).attr('href'))
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            link: rootUrl + $(item).attr('href'),
-        }))
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                link: rootUrl + $(item).attr('href'),
+                title: '',
+            })
+        )
         .slice(0, limit ? Number.parseInt(limit) : 20);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -87,7 +90,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${nodes[id] ?? '推荐'}-投中网`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: '投中网是国内领先的创新经济信息服务平台，拥有立体化媒体矩阵，十多年行业深耕，为创新经济领域核心人群提供深入、独到的智识和洞见，在私募股权投资行业和创新商业领域均拥有权威影响力。',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinawriter/index.ts b/lib/routes/chinawriter/index.ts
index ccd4f692f7..dc5e735ded 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinawriter/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinawriter/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -156,22 +156,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = ($('main div.inner').find('a').length === 0 ? $('body') : $('main div.inner'))
         .find('a')
         .toArray()
-        .filter((item) => /(?:\/\d{4}){2}\/\w+-\w+\.html/.test($(item).prop('href')))
+        .filter((item) => /(?:\/\d{4}){2}\/\w+-\w+\.html/.test($(item).prop('href')!))
         .slice(0, limit)
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.prop('href');
+            const link = $item.prop('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                     item.title = content('#newstit').text() || content('h6.end_tit').text();
                     item.description = content('div.end_article').html();
-                    item.author = info ? info.match(/\|(.*)\d{4}/)[1].trim() : '';
+                    item.author = info ? info.match(/\|(.*)\d{4}/)![1].trim() : '';
                     item.category = [
                         ...new Set(
                             [
@@ -193,11 +193,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                                     .map((c) => content(c).text()),
                                 info
                                     ? info
-                                          .match(/^(.*)\|/)[1]
+                                          .match(/^(.*)\|/)![1]
                                           .replaceAll('来源：', '')
                                           .trim()
                                     : undefined,
-                            ].filter(Boolean)
+                            ].filter(Boolean) as string[]
                         ),
                     ];
                     item.pubDate = content('div.end_info em').text() ? timezone(parseDate(content('div.end_info em').text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日HH:mm'), 8) : parseDate(content('meta[name="publishdate"]').prop('content'));
@@ -210,15 +210,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         )
     );
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl);
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text().replaceAll('--', ' - '),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
-        image: new URL($('h1.logo a img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
+        image: new URL($('h1.logo a img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/chiphell/portal.ts b/lib/routes/chiphell/portal.ts
index b2a3075ec7..066af9bce6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chiphell/portal.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chiphell/portal.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ const handler = async (ctx: Context) => {
 
     const list = $('dl.cl')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const a = $item.find('a.xi2');
 
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ const handler = async (ctx: Context) => {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 $('#article_content div br').parent().remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/chlinlearn/daily-blog.ts b/lib/routes/chlinlearn/daily-blog.ts
index a5a35e1119..b42fb364a5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chlinlearn/daily-blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chlinlearn/daily-blog.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
             headers: {
                 Referer: 'https://daily-blog.chlinlearn.top/blogs/1',
                 'x-req-nonce': r,
-                'x-req-timestamp': n,
+                'x-req-timestamp': String(n),
                 'x-req-key': o,
             },
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/chnmuseum/xingnew.ts b/lib/routes/chnmuseum/xingnew.ts
index e50bd2ec87..83b86c56ee 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chnmuseum/xingnew.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chnmuseum/xingnew.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
         const list = $('ul.xly_list_ts li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
+            .map((item): DataItem => {
                 const $item = $(item);
                 const a = $item.find('a.titles');
                 const dateText = $item.find('.times span.sp').text();
 
                 return {
                     title: a.attr('title') || a.text(),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), 'https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zx/xingnew/').href,
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, 'https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zx/xingnew/').href,
                     pubDate: timezone(parseDate(dateText, 'YYYY/MM/DD'), 8),
                     // description: a.attr('title') || a.text(),
                 };
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
         const items = await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                    const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                    const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $ = load(response);
 
                     // 选择类名为“comment-body”的第一个元素
diff --git a/lib/routes/chnmuseum/xwzt.ts b/lib/routes/chnmuseum/xwzt.ts
index c8a6804dd6..c561170c91 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chnmuseum/xwzt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chnmuseum/xwzt.ts
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const items = $('ul.xly_list_ts li')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a.titles').first();
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a.titles').first();
 
                 return {
                     title: a.attr('title') || a.text(),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), 'https://www.chnmuseum.cn').href,
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, 'https://www.chnmuseum.cn').href,
                 };
             });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/chocolatey/packages.ts b/lib/routes/chocolatey/packages.ts
index 5276a12d0a..781385fad6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chocolatey/packages.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chocolatey/packages.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    const title: string = $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content');
-    const description: string | undefined = $('div#description').html();
+    const title: string = $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content')!;
+    const description: string | undefined = $('div#description').html() ?? undefined;
     const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $('h3.mt-0.mb-3').last().text();
     const categoryEls: Element[] = $('a[data-package-tag]').toArray();
     const categories: string[] = [...new Set(categoryEls.map((el) => $(el).text()).filter(Boolean))];
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         image,
         banner: image,
         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 
     const items: DataItem[] = [processedItem];
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/chongdiantou/index.ts b/lib/routes/chongdiantou/index.ts
index ec3f636f78..4c05ae560b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chongdiantou/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chongdiantou/index.ts
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ async function handler() {
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map(
             async (item) =>
-                await cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                await cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     try {
-                        const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+                        const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                         const $ = load(response);
                         item.description = $('.post-content').html() || 'No content found';
                     } catch {
diff --git a/lib/routes/chsi/hotnews.ts b/lib/routes/chsi/hotnews.ts
index 9caef413c8..bb8a991e67 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chsi/hotnews.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chsi/hotnews.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ async function handler() {
                 if (path) {
                     const result = await got(itemUrl);
                     const $ = load(result.data);
-                    description = $('#article_dnull').html() ? $('#article_dnull').html().trim() : itemTitle;
+                    description = $('#article_dnull').html() ? $('#article_dnull').html()!.trim() : itemTitle;
                     if ($('.news-time').text()) {
                         itemDate = $('.news-time').text();
                     }
                 } else {
                     description = itemTitle;
                 }
-                const result = {
+                const result: DataItem = {
                     title: itemTitle,
                     link: itemUrl,
                     description,
diff --git a/lib/routes/chsi/kydt.ts b/lib/routes/chsi/kydt.ts
index 862ff9176b..bc3d09f855 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chsi/kydt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chsi/kydt.ts
@@ -40,17 +40,17 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((i, item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const itemTitle = item.find('a').text();
-            const itemDate = item.find('.span-time').text();
-            const path = item.find('a').attr('href');
-            const itemUrl = path.startsWith('http') ? path : host + path;
-            return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const itemTitle = $item.find('a').text();
+            const itemDate = $item.find('.span-time').text();
+            const path = $item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const itemUrl = path!.startsWith('http') ? path : host + path;
+            return cache.tryGet(itemUrl!, async () => {
                 let description: string;
-                if (!path.startsWith('https://') && !path.startsWith('http://')) {
+                if (!path!.startsWith('https://') && !path!.startsWith('http://')) {
                     const result = await got(itemUrl);
                     const $ = load(result.data);
-                    description = $('#article_dnull').html().trim();
+                    description = $('#article_dnull').html()!.trim();
                 } else {
                     description = itemTitle;
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/chsi/kyzx.ts b/lib/routes/chsi/kyzx.ts
index 8b35906979..6ac5a4be61 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chsi/kyzx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chsi/kyzx.ts
@@ -46,18 +46,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('ul.news-list').children();
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((i, item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const itemTitle = item.find('a').text();
-            const itemDate = item.find('.span-time').text();
-            const path = item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const itemTitle = $item.find('a').text();
+            const itemDate = $item.find('.span-time').text();
+            const path = $item.find('a').attr('href');
             let itemUrl = '';
-            itemUrl = path.startsWith('http') ? path : host + path;
+            itemUrl = (path!.startsWith('http') ? path : host + path)!;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
                 let description: string;
                 if (itemUrl) {
                     const result = await got(itemUrl);
                     const $ = load(result.data);
-                    description = $('#article_dnull').html().trim();
+                    description = $('#article_dnull').html()!.trim();
                 } else {
                     description = itemTitle;
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/chuanliu/nice.tsx b/lib/routes/chuanliu/nice.tsx
index cd609e4bb1..68d99fff82 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chuanliu/nice.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/chuanliu/nice.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -85,14 +85,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(currentResponse);
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), currentUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, currentUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('span.rainbow-text').first().text(),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('title').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/ciidbnu/index.ts b/lib/routes/ciidbnu/index.ts
index 92605a984a..c954128157 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ciidbnu/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ciidbnu/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,17 +43,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#newsrightlist a')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').replace('..', '')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.replace(/^\.\./, '')}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/cisia/index.ts b/lib/routes/cisia/index.ts
index 0c5492072d..7c8317c9af 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cisia/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cisia/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -20,22 +20,22 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('ul.list_first li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.time').text()),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.time').text()),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (!/^https?:\/\/www\.cisia\.org(?:\/\S*)?$/.test(item.link)) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (!/^https?:\/\/www\.cisia\.org(?:\/\S*)?$/.test(item.link!)) {
                     return item;
                 }
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/civitai/discussions.ts b/lib/routes/civitai/discussions.ts
index 9006f4946b..7243bb59aa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/civitai/discussions.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/civitai/discussions.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                   }
                 : null
         )
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[];
 
     return {
         title: `Civitai model ${params.modelId} discussions`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/ciweimao/chapter.ts b/lib/routes/ciweimao/chapter.ts
index 0faa2d8ce9..c555dccafe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ciweimao/chapter.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ciweimao/chapter.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
 
     const firstChapterUrl = $('ul.catalogue-list li a').attr('href');
-    const firstChapterId = firstChapterUrl.slice(firstChapterUrl.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
+    const firstChapterId = firstChapterUrl!.slice(firstChapterUrl!.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
 
     const { data: chapters } = await got(`${chapterUrl}/chapter/${id}/${firstChapterId}`);
     const $c = load(chapters);
@@ -48,19 +48,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $c('ul.book-chapter li a')
         .slice(-limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { chapterLocked: boolean } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                chapterLocked: item.find('h3 i.icon-lock').length > 0,
-                title: item.find('h3').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('p').text().replace('发布于 ', '')), 8),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                chapterLocked: $item.find('h3 i.icon-lock').length > 0,
+                title: $item.find('h3').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('p').text().replace('发布于 ', '')), 8),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 if (item.chapterLocked) {
                     return item;
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cjlu/yjsy/index.ts b/lib/routes/cjlu/yjsy/index.ts
index e9de3c7f7a..53c3a782ff 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cjlu/yjsy/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cjlu/yjsy/index.ts
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: titleMap.get(cate),
+        title: titleMap.get(cate)!,
         link: `https://yjsy.cjlu.edu.cn/index/${cate}.htm`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/claude/blog.ts b/lib/routes/claude/blog.ts
index a54d5aeac3..c72dbf9324 100644
--- a/lib/routes/claude/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/claude/blog.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: 'Claude Blog',
         link,
         description: 'Product news and best practices for teams building with Claude.',
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/claude/code-changelog.ts b/lib/routes/claude/code-changelog.ts
index 46d74e262f..cfb91df7c4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/claude/code-changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/claude/code-changelog.ts
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('div.update-container')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): DataItem => {
+        .map((el): DataItem | null => {
             const $entry = $(el);
             const version = $entry.find('[data-component-part="update-label"]').text();
             if (!version) {
-                return null as unknown as DataItem;
+                return null;
             }
 
             const dateText = $entry.find('[data-component-part="update-description"]').text();
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 id: `claude-code-${version}`,
             };
         })
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter((item): item is DataItem => item !== null);
 
     return {
         title: 'Claude Code Changelog',
diff --git a/lib/routes/cloudflarestatus/index.tsx b/lib/routes/cloudflarestatus/index.tsx
index 74444264f5..3f46247cd4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cloudflarestatus/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cloudflarestatus/index.tsx
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('div.update')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const $actualTitleEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.parent().parent().find('a');
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     text: description,
                 },
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, 'x') : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         link: baseUrl,
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: baseUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/cls/depth.ts b/lib/routes/cls/depth.ts
index 412a38a1d3..fb8938c18a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cls/depth.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cls/depth.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -65,19 +65,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         query: getSearchParams(),
     });
 
-    let items = [...response.data.top_article, ...response.data.depth_list].slice(0, limit).map((item) => ({
-        title: item.title || item.brief,
-        link: `${rootUrl}/detail/${item.id}`,
-        pubDate: parseDate(item.ctime, 'X'),
-        author: item.source,
-        category: item.article_tag?.map((tag) => tag.name),
-        image: item.image,
-    }));
+    let items = [...response.data.top_article, ...response.data.depth_list].slice(0, limit).map(
+        (item): DataItem => ({
+            title: item.title || item.brief,
+            link: `${rootUrl}/detail/${item.id}`,
+            pubDate: parseDate(item.ctime, 'X'),
+            author: item.source,
+            category: item.article_tag?.map((tag) => tag.name),
+            image: item.image,
+        })
+    );
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cma/channel.tsx b/lib/routes/cma/channel.tsx
index f8920a830d..48910b1887 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cma/channel.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cma/channel.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         ),
     ].join(' > ');
     const descriptionHtml = $('div.xml').html();
-    const image = new URL($('li.active a img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('li.active a img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
     const sourceElement = $('div.col-xs-8 span')
         .toArray()
         .findLast((element) => $(element).text().startsWith('来源'));
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${author} - ${title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/cmde/index.ts b/lib/routes/cmde/index.ts
index 95eee1effe..7a972642c0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cmde/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cmde/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             description: $('meta[name=ColumnDescription]').attr('content'),
             items: $('.list ul li')
                 .toArray()
-                .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
+                .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+                    const $item = $(item);
                     return {
-                        title: $(item).find('a').attr('title'),
-                        link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), url).href,
+                        title: $($item).find('a').attr('title')!,
+                        link: new URL($($item).find('a').attr('href')!, url).href,
                     };
                 }),
         };
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 await page.close();
                 const $ = load(html);
                 item.description = $('.text').html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!), 8);
                 return item;
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/cmpxchg8b/articles.ts b/lib/routes/cmpxchg8b/articles.ts
index 55d1fac15d..8729c1c9ab 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cmpxchg8b/articles.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cmpxchg8b/articles.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ async function handler() {
     const author = $('p.author').text().trim();
     const list = $('section#articles section')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('li').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('li a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('li').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('li a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 author,
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/cmu/andypavlo/blog.ts b/lib/routes/cmu/andypavlo/blog.ts
index 6813a38b26..e2be437f37 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cmu/andypavlo/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cmu/andypavlo/blog.ts
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ async function getArticles() {
                 title: $title.text(),
                 link: $title.attr('href'),
                 description: $description.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate($date.attr('title')),
+                pubDate: parseDate($date.attr('title')!),
                 guid: $title.attr('href'),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/cna/web/index.ts b/lib/routes/cna/web/index.ts
index 3c29a6fae3..7bf8259d2a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cna/web/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cna/web/index.ts
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.parents('a').attr('href'), 'https://www.cna.com.tw').href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.next().text()), 8),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.parents('a').attr('href')!, 'https://www.cna.com.tw').href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.next().text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cnbc/rss.ts b/lib/routes/cnbc/rss.ts
index 62d692a7f5..5afc62f3ef 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cnbc/rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cnbc/rss.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         feed.items
             .filter((i) => i.link && !i.link.startsWith('https://www.cnbc.com/select/'))
             .map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response);
 
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
         language: feed.language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cnbeta/common.ts b/lib/routes/cnbeta/common.ts
index 20267dd716..5dc2896d4a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cnbeta/common.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cnbeta/common.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(response.data);
 
-    const token = encodeURI($('meta[name="csrf-token"]').attr('content'));
+    const token = encodeURI($('meta[name="csrf-token"]').attr('content')!);
     const apiUrl = `${rootUrl}/home/more?&type=${$('div[data-type]').data('type')}&page=1&_csrf=${token}&_=${Date.now()}`;
 
     response = await got(apiUrl);
diff --git a/lib/routes/cnbeta/utils.ts b/lib/routes/cnbeta/utils.ts
index 66d349eefc..9665bd710b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cnbeta/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cnbeta/utils.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ const ProcessItems = (items, limit) =>
 
                 content('.topic, .article-topic, .article-global').remove();
 
-                item.description = content('.article-summary').html() + content('.article-content').html();
+                item.description = content('.article-summary').html()! + content('.article-content').html()!;
                 item.author = content('header.title div.meta span.source').text();
                 item.pubDate ??= timezone(parseDate(content('.meta span').first().text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日 HH:mm'), 8);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cnblogs/common.ts b/lib/routes/cnblogs/common.ts
index 98c2efe617..45c1e127ba 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cnblogs/common.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cnblogs/common.ts
@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#post_list article')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.post-item-title').text(),
-                link: item.find('.post-item-title').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.post-item-foot .post-meta-item span').text() || item.find('.editorpick-item-meta').text(), ['YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm', 'YYYY-MM-DD']), 8),
-                description: item.find('.post-item-summary').text(),
-                author: item.find('.post-item-author span').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.post-item-title').text(),
+                link: $item.find('.post-item-title').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.post-item-foot .post-meta-item span').text() || $item.find('.editorpick-item-meta').text(), ['YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm', 'YYYY-MM-DD']), 8),
+                description: $item.find('.post-item-summary').text(),
+                author: $item.find('.post-item-author span').text(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cncf/index.ts b/lib/routes/cncf/index.ts
index b3e48a90a7..aa6d72a066 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cncf/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cncf/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,15 +37,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const title = $('h1.is-style-page-title').text();
     const list = $('div.post-archive__item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('span.post-archive__title').text().trim(),
-            link: $(item).find('span.post-archive__title > a').attr('href'),
-            pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span.post-archive__item_date').text().split('|', 1)[0]),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('span.post-archive__title').text().trim(),
+                link: $(item).find('span.post-archive__title > a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span.post-archive__item_date').text().split('|', 1)[0]),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cncf/reports.ts b/lib/routes/cncf/reports.ts
index 45c5e040e6..e37b0bd00d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cncf/reports.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cncf/reports.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,14 +29,14 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.report-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a.report-item__link').attr('title'),
+        .map((item): DataItem & { parseDate?: Date } => ({
+            title: $(item).find('a.report-item__link').attr('title')!,
             link: $(item).find('a.report-item__link').attr('href'),
         }));
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cneb/yjxw.ts b/lib/routes/cneb/yjxw.ts
index 341b484623..959b3a0919 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cneb/yjxw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cneb/yjxw.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -63,21 +63,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.list')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text()), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/cngold/index.ts b/lib/routes/cngold/index.ts
index f9d546a39b..b754ff9949 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cngold/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cngold/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('ul.newsList li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('t1').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.min, div.day').text(), ['YYYY-MM-DD', 'MM-DD']),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                language,
+                title: $item.find('t1').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.min, div.day').text(), ['YYYY-MM-DD', 'MM-DD']),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
@@ -50,14 +50,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.details_con').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: `${$('title').text()} - ${$('div.tab a.current').text()}`,
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cnjxol/index.tsx b/lib/routes/cnjxol/index.tsx
index 0430892753..042d9d569d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cnjxol/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cnjxol/index.tsx
@@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     let $ = load(response.data);
     const dateMatch = $('a')
         .first()
-        .attr('href')
-        .match(/\d{6}\/\d{2}/)[0];
+        .attr('href')!
+        .match(/\d{6}\/\d{2}/)![0];
 
-    let items = [];
+    let items: any[] = [];
 
     if (id) {
         const pageUrl = `${currentUrl}/${dateMatch}/node_${id}.html`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/cnki/debut.ts b/lib/routes/cnki/debut.ts
index d855b28a7d..80e608a966 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cnki/debut.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cnki/debut.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('dd')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             title: $(item).find('span.name > a').text().trim(),
             link: `${rootUrl}/kcms/detail/${new URLSearchParams(new URL(`${rootUrl}/${$(item).find('span.name > a').attr('href')}`).search).get('url')}.html`,
             pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span.company').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/cnki/journals.ts b/lib/routes/cnki/journals.ts
index ec101d614e..ea81260c87 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cnki/journals.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cnki/journals.ts
@@ -45,15 +45,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
         if (feed.items && feed.items.length !== 0) {
             const items = feed.items.map((item) => ({
-                title: item.title,
+                title: item.title!,
                 description: item.content,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.pubDate),
+                pubDate: parseDate(item.pubDate!),
                 link: item.link,
                 author: item.author,
             }));
 
             return {
-                title: feed.title,
+                title: feed.title!,
                 link: feed.link,
                 description: feed.description,
                 item: items,
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const yearListRes = await got.get(yearListUrl);
     const $yearList = load(yearListRes.data);
     const code = $yearList('.yearissuepage').find('dl').first().find('dd').find('a').first().attr('value');
-    const date = parseDate($yearList('.yearissuepage').find('dl').first().find('dd').find('a').first().attr('id').replace('yq', ''), 'YYYYMM');
+    const date = parseDate($yearList('.yearissuepage').find('dl').first().find('dd').find('a').first().attr('id')!.replace('yq', ''), 'YYYYMM');
 
     const yearIssueUrl = `${rootUrl}/knavi/journals/${name}/papers?yearIssue=${code}&pageIdx=0&pcode=CJFD,CCJD`;
     const response = await got.post(yearIssueUrl);
diff --git a/lib/routes/cnljxh/index.ts b/lib/routes/cnljxh/index.ts
index 8d55f53fbb..fa00d3489f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cnljxh/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cnljxh/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.main_left ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a');
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? parseDate(pubDateStr) : undefined,
                 link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, baseUrl).href : undefined,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('div.content_title h2').text();
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         html: description,
                         text: description,
                     },
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 const $enclosureEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$('div.content_div embed').first();
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.logo a img').attr('src') ? new URL($('div.logo a img').attr('src') as string, targetUrl).href : undefined,
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/cntheory/paper.tsx b/lib/routes/cntheory/paper.tsx
index 4d63c0459d..9df4d9dd3d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cntheory/paper.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cntheory/paper.tsx
@@ -46,13 +46,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const matches = response.data.match(/images\/(\d{4}-\d{2}\/\d{2})\/\w+\/\w+_brief/);
     const link = `${rootUrl}/html/${matches[1]}`;
 
-    let items = [];
+    let items: any[] = [];
 
     await Promise.all(
         $('#pageLink')
             .toArray()
             .filter((p) => (id ? $(p).text().split('：').pop() === id : true))
-            .map((p) => `${link}/${$(p).attr('href').replace(/\.\//, '')}`)
+            .map((p) => `${link}/${$(p).attr('href')!.replace(/\.\//, '')}`)
             .map(async (p) => {
                 const pageResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
@@ -88,12 +88,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     enclosure_url: `${rootUrl}${
                         content('.ban_t a')
                             .first()
-                            .attr('href')
-                            .match(/(\/images.*)/)[1]
+                            .attr('href')!
+                            .match(/(\/images.*)/)![1]
                     }`,
                     description: renderToString(
                         <>
-                            {content('#reslist').html() ? raw(content('#reslist').html().replaceAll('display:none;', '')) : null}
+                            {content('#reslist').html() ? raw(content('#reslist').html()!.replaceAll('display:none;', '')) : null}
                             {content('founder-content').html() ? raw(content('founder-content').html()) : null}
                         </>
                     ),
diff --git a/lib/routes/coindesk/news.ts b/lib/routes/coindesk/news.ts
index c0d8236131..3cf30a1c57 100644
--- a/lib/routes/coindesk/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/coindesk/news.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ async function handler(): Promise<Data> {
     const rssUrl = 'https://feeds.feedburner.com/Coindesk';
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(rssUrl);
 
-    const items = await Promise.all(feed.items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link, () => parseItem(item))));
+    const items = await Promise.all(feed.items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link!, () => parseItem(item))));
 
     // Filter out null items
     const validItems = items.filter((item): item is DataItem => item !== null);
diff --git a/lib/routes/comicat/search.ts b/lib/routes/comicat/search.ts
index a0fd358176..5aa93f2fdc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/comicat/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/comicat/search.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('#listTable tbody > tr')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             title: $(item).find('td:nth-child(3)').text().trim(),
             link: `${baseUrl}/${$(item).find('td:nth-child(3) a').attr('href')}`,
             category: $(item).find('td:nth-child(2)').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/comicskingdom/index.tsx b/lib/routes/comicskingdom/index.tsx
index 4fbde3f715..ae4946e095 100644
--- a/lib/routes/comicskingdom/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/comicskingdom/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     }
     const items = await Promise.all(
         links.map((link) =>
-            cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const image = content('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content');
                 const description = renderToString(<img src={image} />);
                 // Pull the date out of the URL
-                const pubDate = parseDate(link.slice(link.lastIndexOf('/') + 1), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
+                const pubDate = parseDate(link!.slice(link!.lastIndexOf('/') + 1), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
 
                 return {
-                    title,
+                    title: title!,
                     author,
                     category: 'comic',
                     description,
@@ -79,6 +79,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: url,
         image: $('.feature-logo').attr('src'),
         item: items,
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/consumer/index.ts b/lib/routes/consumer/index.ts
index d66de0fd04..eb5a477406 100644
--- a/lib/routes/consumer/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/consumer/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.half-img-blk__title, .img-plate-blk__title')
         .find('a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.parent().prev().find('li').first().text(), 'YYYY.MM'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.parent().prev().find('li').first().text(), 'YYYY.MM'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/consumer/shopping-guide.ts b/lib/routes/consumer/shopping-guide.ts
index 976aac5673..b95dffc361 100644
--- a/lib/routes/consumer/shopping-guide.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/consumer/shopping-guide.ts
@@ -42,17 +42,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.shadow-long-blk')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const info = item
+            const info = $item
                 .find('.item-info li')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((item) => $(item).text().trim());
             return {
-                title: item.find('h2').text().trim(),
-                description: item.find('p').text().trim(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(info.shift(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: $item.find('h2').text().trim(),
+                description: $item.find('p').text().trim(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate(info.shift()!, 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 category: info,
             };
         });
@@ -65,14 +65,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const header = $('.article-img-blk');
                 header.find('img').each((_, ele) => {
-                    ele = $(ele);
-                    if (ele.attr('src') && ele.attr('srcset')) {
-                        ele.removeAttr('srcset');
-                        ele.attr('src', ele.attr('src').replace(/\/\d+c\d+\//, '/0p0/'));
+                    const $ele = $(ele);
+                    if ($ele.attr('src') && $ele.attr('srcset')) {
+                        $ele.removeAttr('srcset');
+                        $ele.attr('src', $ele.attr('src')!.replace(/\/\d+c\d+\//, '/0p0/'));
                     }
                 });
 
-                item.description = header.html() + $('article .ckec').html();
+                item.description = header.html()! + $('article .ckec').html()!;
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/coolapk/hot.ts b/lib/routes/coolapk/hot.ts
index 2899e09eec..09cf3a0f71 100644
--- a/lib/routes/coolapk/hot.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/coolapk/hot.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import utils from './utils';
 
 const getLinkAndTitle = (type, period) => {
     const baseURL = 'https://api.coolapk.com/v6/page/dataList?url=';
-    const res = {};
+    const res = { link: '', title: '' };
     const types = {
         jrrm: {
             title: '今日热门',
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         headers: utils.getHeaders(),
     });
     const data = r.data.data;
-    const t = [];
+    const t: any[] = [];
     for (const i of data) {
         if (i.entityType === 'card') {
             for (const k of i.entities) {
@@ -130,6 +130,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         link: 'https://www.coolapk.com/',
         description: '热榜-' + title,
-        item: out,
+        item: out as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/coolbuy/index.tsx b/lib/routes/coolbuy/index.tsx
index 694bcff440..092ef5165c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/coolbuy/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/coolbuy/index.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             },
             image,
             banner: image,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: new URL('static/coolbuy/packages/dongguan/dist/images/97be46f6.png', imageBaseUrl).href,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: baseUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/copymanga/comic.tsx b/lib/routes/copymanga/comic.tsx
index d57e16e155..bdb798b770 100644
--- a/lib/routes/copymanga/comic.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/copymanga/comic.tsx
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         strBaseUrl,
         async () => {
             let bHasNextPage: boolean;
-            let chapters = [];
+            let chapters: any[] = [];
             let iReqOffSet = 0;
 
             do {
diff --git a/lib/routes/cosplaytele/category.ts b/lib/routes/cosplaytele/category.ts
index e18aa77055..5a7af91235 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cosplaytele/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cosplaytele/category.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             itemRaw.map((e) => {
                 const item = $(e);
                 const link = item.find('h5.post-title a').attr('href');
-                return cache.tryGet(link, () => loadArticle(link));
+                return cache.tryGet(link!, () => loadArticle(link));
             })
         ),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/cosplaytele/latest.ts b/lib/routes/cosplaytele/latest.ts
index 38ab47d803..54990c5545 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cosplaytele/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cosplaytele/latest.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             itemRaw.map((e) => {
                 const item = $(e);
                 const link = item.find('h5.post-title a').attr('href');
-                return cache.tryGet(link, () => loadArticle(link));
+                return cache.tryGet(link!, () => loadArticle(link));
             })
         ),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/cosplaytele/tag.ts b/lib/routes/cosplaytele/tag.ts
index c77583a6c8..6597bcf28b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cosplaytele/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cosplaytele/tag.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             itemRaw.map((e) => {
                 const item = $(e);
                 const link = item.find('h5.post-title a').attr('href');
-                return cache.tryGet(link, () => loadArticle(link));
+                return cache.tryGet(link!, () => loadArticle(link));
             })
         ),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/costar/press-releases.ts b/lib/routes/costar/press-releases.ts
index c344077837..578d8c8e3a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/costar/press-releases.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/costar/press-releases.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.views-row article')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a.coh-link').first();
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     text: description,
                 },
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1.coh-heading').text();
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/counter-strike/news.ts b/lib/routes/counter-strike/news.ts
index 5999283224..cc8e739cde 100644
--- a/lib/routes/counter-strike/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/counter-strike/news.ts
@@ -176,9 +176,9 @@ If you subscribe to [Updates in English](https://www.counter-strike.net/news/upd
         {
             source: ['www.counter-strike.net/news/:category'],
             target: (params, url) => {
-                url = new URL(url);
+                const parsedUrl = new URL(url);
                 const category = params.category;
-                const language = url.searchParams.get('l');
+                const language = parsedUrl.searchParams.get('l');
 
                 return `/news${category ? `/${category}${language ? `/${language}` : ''}` : ''}`;
             },
diff --git a/lib/routes/cpcaauto/index.ts b/lib/routes/cpcaauto/index.ts
index 824611ddcf..8c595375c5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cpcaauto/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cpcaauto/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.list_d ul li.q')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text().trim()),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text().trim()),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
                 item.title = title;
                 item.description = description;
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($$('div.view span').first().text().split(/：/).pop()), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($$('div.view span').first().text().split(/：/).pop()!), 8);
                 item.content = {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.text').text(),
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         {
             source: ['cpcaauto.com/news.php'],
             target: (_, url) => {
-                url = new URL(url);
-                const types = url.searchParams.get('types');
-                const id = url.searchParams.get('id');
+                const { searchParams } = new URL(url);
+                const types = searchParams.get('types');
+                const id = searchParams.get('id');
 
                 return types ? `/${types}${id ? `/${id}` : ''}` : '';
             },
diff --git a/lib/routes/cpcey/index.ts b/lib/routes/cpcey/index.ts
index 631c548743..96df8fcdf3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cpcey/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cpcey/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.words > ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const date = $(item).find('span').text();
             const dateArr = date.split('-');
             const dateStr = Number.parseInt(dateArr[0]) + 1911 + '/' + dateArr[1] + '/' + dateArr[2];
 
             return {
                 link: rootUrl + $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
-                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title'),
+                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!,
                 pubDate: parseDate(dateStr, 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
             };
         });
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const response = await got.get(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response.data);
                     const desc = $('div.words > div.graybg.ail > div').html();
-                    return desc;
+                    return desc ?? '';
                 });
             }
             item.description = desc;
diff --git a/lib/routes/cpta/handler.ts b/lib/routes/cpta/handler.ts
index c7a02dce6f..531e24fe9c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cpta/handler.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cpta/handler.ts
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ const NEWS_TYPES: Record<string, NewsCategory> = {
 };
 
 const handler: Route['handler'] = async (ctx) => {
-    const category = ctx.req.param('category');
+    const category = ctx.req.param('category')!;
     const BASE_URL = NEWS_TYPES[category].baseUrl;
     // Fetch the index page
     const { data: listResponse } = await got(BASE_URL);
diff --git a/lib/routes/cpuid/news.ts b/lib/routes/cpuid/news.ts
index 46b436403e..1e31e0a7a5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cpuid/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cpuid/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('.block_100 .js-block-news')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.information a').text(),
-                description: item.find('.description').html(),
-                link: item.find('.information a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('time[itemprop=dateCreated]').attr('datetime')),
+                title: $item.find('.information a').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.description').html(),
+                link: $item.find('.information a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('time[itemprop=dateCreated]').attr('datetime')!),
             };
         });
 
@@ -52,6 +52,6 @@ async function handler() {
         link: newsUrl,
         image: $('link[rel=apple-touch-icon-precomposed]').attr('href'),
         item: items,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cqgas/tqtz.ts b/lib/routes/cqgas/tqtz.ts
index 16cffb4d5b..e95f67b78d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cqgas/tqtz.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cqgas/tqtz.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ async function handler() {
     const contentUrl = (id) => `http://www.cqgas.cn/portal/article/content?contentId=${id}`;
     const list = $('ul.news_list > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
                 title: title.text(),
                 link: contentUrl(title.attr('contentid')),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.right.txt_black2').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.right.txt_black2').text()),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cqu/index.ts b/lib/routes/cqu/index.ts
index e2147ad459..fcc4a74618 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cqu/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cqu/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,14 +44,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('div.page-contner.fl li.pot-r')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a.no-wrap');
-            const link = new URL(a.attr('href'), url).href;
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a.no-wrap');
+            const link = new URL(a.attr('href')!, url).href;
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 link,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.fr').text()), // 假设日期格式是YYYY-MM-DD
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.fr').text()), // 假设日期格式是YYYY-MM-DD
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/crac/index.ts b/lib/routes/crac/index.ts
index 8105b17c4a..147d146540 100644
--- a/lib/routes/crac/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/crac/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,11 +44,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.InCont_r_d_cont > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.cont_d').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.cont_d').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 });
                 const content = load(response.data);
                 item.title = content('div.r_d_cont_title > h3').text();
-                item.description = content('div.r_d_cont').html().trim().replaceAll('\n', '');
+                item.description = content('div.r_d_cont').html()!.trim().replaceAll('\n', '');
                 return item;
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/creative-comic/book.tsx b/lib/routes/creative-comic/book.tsx
index ccf8054787..7c19e92ad0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/creative-comic/book.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/creative-comic/book.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                                 const realKey = getRealKey(imgKey);
                                 const encrypted = await getImgEncrypted(p.id, quality);
 
-                                return cache.tryGet(`${apiHost}/fs/chapter_content/encrypt/${p.id}/${quality}`, () => decrypt(encrypted, realKey));
+                                return cache.tryGet(`${apiHost}/fs/chapter_content/encrypt/${p.id}/${quality}`, () => Promise.resolve(decrypt(encrypted, realKey)));
                             })
                         );
                     }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: book.share_link,
         image: book.image1,
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-hant',
+        language: 'zh-hant' as Language,
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cs/index.ts b/lib/routes/cs/index.ts
index 5690d6954d..721db9ee38 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cs/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cs/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -249,13 +249,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('ul.ch_type3_list li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3').text().trim(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('em').text()), 8),
+                title: $item.find('h3').text().trim(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('em').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo_cs a img').prop('src'), currentUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo_cs a img').prop('src')!, currentUrl).href;
     const icon = new URL('favicon.ico', rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
@@ -295,11 +295,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="Description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="Keywords"]').prop('content'),
-        author: title.split('-').pop().trim(),
+        author: title.split('-').pop()!.trim(),
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cs/video.ts b/lib/routes/cs/video.ts
index 3475e45510..4d7d3aef0e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cs/video.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cs/video.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -74,19 +74,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const title = $('title').text();
     const image = selected.image;
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${title} | ${selected.title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="Description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="Keywords"]').prop('content'),
-        author: title.split('-').pop().trim(),
+        author: title.split('-').pop()!.trim(),
         allowEmpty: true,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/csdn/blog.ts b/lib/routes/csdn/blog.ts
index 648a3b2123..02f2ef47d5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/csdn/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/csdn/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import rssParser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got({
                         method: 'get',
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         ...feed,
         title: `${feed.title} - CSDN博客`,
-        item: items,
+        image: feed.image as unknown as string,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cssn/iolaw.ts b/lib/routes/cssn/iolaw.ts
index 46e280be2b..f0c7e96e3b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cssn/iolaw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cssn/iolaw.ts
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('div.notice_right ul li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const url = `http://${domain}` + item.find('a').attr('href').slice(1);
-            const title = item.find('a div.title').text();
-            const publish_time = parseDate(item.find('a p').text());
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const url = `http://${domain}` + $item.find('a').attr('href')!.slice(1);
+            const title = $item.find('a div.title').text();
+            const publish_time = parseDate($item.find('a p').text());
             return {
                 title,
                 link: url,
diff --git a/lib/routes/cste/index.ts b/lib/routes/cste/index.ts
index 69b2929033..3da7711d7b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cste/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cste/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,19 +43,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('a.list-group-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('h5').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('small').text()),
+                title: $item.find('h5').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('small').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/csu/career.ts b/lib/routes/csu/career.ts
index 2ee08d4d42..902d8927e7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/csu/career.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/csu/career.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,27 +40,27 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.infoList')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.span4').text()), 8),
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.span4').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 let $ = load(response);
 
                 const zipped = $('script[type="text/javascript"]')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/Base64\.decode\(unzip\("(.*)"\)\./)[1];
+                    .match(/Base64\.decode\(unzip\("(.*)"\)\./)![1];
                 const { slice1, slice2 } = $('script[type="text/javascript"]')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/"\)\.substr\((?<slice1>\d+)\)\)\.substr\((?<slice2>\d+)\)\);/).groups;
+                    .match(/"\)\.substr\((?<slice1>\d+)\)\)\.substr\((?<slice2>\d+)\)\);/)!.groups as any;
                 const unzipped = Buffer.from(unzip(zipped).slice(slice1), 'base64').toString().slice(slice2);
 
                 $ = load(unzipped, null, false);
diff --git a/lib/routes/csu/cse.ts b/lib/routes/csu/cse.ts
index b8b8662d2c..f535cd3c70 100644
--- a/lib/routes/csu/cse.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/csu/cse.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,13 +46,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
             const $ = load(item);
-            const address = new URL($('a').attr('href'), url).href;
+            const address = new URL($('a').attr('href')!, url).href;
             const title = $('a').text();
             const pubDate = $('span').text();
             return cache.tryGet(address, async () => {
-                const single = await fetch(address);
-                single.title = title;
-                single.pubDate = parseDate(pubDate, 'YYYY/MM/DD');
+                const fetched = await fetch(address);
+                const single: DataItem = {
+                    ...fetched,
+                    title,
+                    pubDate: parseDate(pubDate, 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                };
                 return single;
             });
         })
diff --git a/lib/routes/ctbu/xxgg.ts b/lib/routes/ctbu/xxgg.ts
index c67fdae618..70569659f7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ctbu/xxgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ctbu/xxgg.ts
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('li.clearfix')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                description: item.find('p').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('h6').text() + '-' + item.find('em').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                description: $item.find('p').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('h6').text() + '-' + $item.find('em').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
             };
         });
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/ctinews/topic.ts b/lib/routes/ctinews/topic.ts
index 9560bcacbf..d0c53e7ca3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ctinews/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ctinews/topic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .map((item) => {
                 const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: $item.attr('title'),
+                    title: $item.attr('title')!,
                     link: $item.attr('href')?.startsWith('http') ? $item.attr('href') : baseUrl + $item.attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .map((item) => {
                 const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: $item.attr('title'),
+                    title: $item.attr('title')!,
                     link: $item.attr('href')?.startsWith('http') ? $item.attr('href') : baseUrl + $item.attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .map((item) => {
                 const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: $item.attr('title')?.replace('點擊觀看', ''),
+                    title: $item.attr('title')?.replace('點擊觀看', '') as string,
                     link: $item.attr('href')?.startsWith('http') ? $item.attr('href') : baseUrl + $item.attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
     ];
 
     const seen = new Set<string>();
-    const dedupedList: Array<{ title?: string; link?: string }> = [];
+    const dedupedList: Array<Partial<DataItem>> = [];
     for (const item of list) {
         const link = item.link || '';
         if (seen.has(link)) {
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content'),
         link,
         image: `${baseUrl}/favicon.ico`,
-        language: 'zh-TW',
-        item: items,
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cts/news.ts b/lib/routes/cts/news.ts
index e7222482d8..bbf63f9f5c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cts/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cts/news.ts
@@ -41,20 +41,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = await pMap(
         $('#newslist-top a[title]').slice(0, limit),
         (item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = item.attr('href');
-            return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
+            return cache.tryGet(link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 const author = $('.artical-content p:eq(0)').text().trim();
                 $('.artical-content p:eq(0), .artical-content .flexbox').remove();
 
                 return {
-                    title: item.attr('title'),
+                    title: $item.attr('title')!,
                     author,
                     description: $('.artical-content').html(),
                     category: $('meta[property="article:section"]').attr('content'),
-                    pubDate: parseDate($('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!),
                     link,
                 };
             });
diff --git a/lib/routes/cuc/yz.ts b/lib/routes/cuc/yz.ts
index 3e45816a32..af9fd57b26 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cuc/yz.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cuc/yz.ts
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const content = $('.news_list li');
     const items = content.toArray().map((elem) => {
-        elem = $(elem);
-        const a = elem.find('a');
+        const $elem = $(elem);
+        const a = $elem.find('a');
         return {
-            link: new URL(a.attr('href'), host).href,
-            title: a.attr('title'),
-            pubDate: parseDate(elem.find('.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+            link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, host).href,
+            title: a.attr('title')!,
+            pubDate: parseDate($elem.find('.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
         };
     });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cuilingmag/index.ts b/lib/routes/cuilingmag/index.ts
index d4171c0796..ae85c4eba8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cuilingmag/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cuilingmag/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.new-list-div, div.item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('h3.new-list-h3, h3.title-font').text().trim();
+            const title = $item.find('h3.new-list-h3, h3.title-font').text().trim();
 
-            const src = item.find('img').first().prop('src');
+            const src = $item.find('img').first().prop('src');
             const image = src ? new URL(src, rootUrl).href : undefined;
 
             const description = renderDescription({
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').first().prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                author: item.find('a.new-list-p, div.author').text().trim(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').first().prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                author: $item.find('a.new-list-p, div.author').text().trim(),
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
                 enclosure_url: image,
                 enclosure_type: image ? `image/${image.split(/\./).pop()}` : undefined,
                 enclosure_title: title,
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                                   },
                               ]
                             : undefined,
-                        description: $$('div.article-content').html(),
+                        description: $$('div.article-content').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
 
                 item.title = title;
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     text: $$('div.article-content').text(),
                 };
                 item.banner = banner;
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
                 item.enclosure_url = banner ?? item.enclosure_url;
                 item.enclosure_type = banner ? `image/${banner.split(/\./).pop()}` : item.enclosure_type;
                 item.enclosure_title = title;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text().trim();
-    const image = new URL($('div.nav-logo a img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.nav-logo a img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: title.split(/-/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cw/author.ts b/lib/routes/cw/author.ts
index fda1501a09..f6337eb9be 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cw/author.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cw/author.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 import { baseUrl, parsePage } from './utils';
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: $('.authorTxt').text(),
         link: `${baseUrl}/author/${ctx.req.param('channel')}`,
         image: $('.authorPhoto img').attr('src') || `${baseUrl}/assets_new/img/fbshare.jpg'`,
-        language: $('meta[property="og:locale"]').attr('content'),
+        language: $('meta[property="og:locale"]').attr('content') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cw/master.ts b/lib/routes/cw/master.ts
index 239d6c22a3..73eb319167 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cw/master.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cw/master.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 import { baseUrl, parsePage } from './utils';
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: $('meta[name=description]').attr('content'),
         link: `${baseUrl}/masterChannel.action?idMasterChannel=${ctx.req.param('channel')}`,
         image: `${baseUrl}/assets_new/img/fbshare.jpg`,
-        language: $('meta[property="og:locale"]').attr('content'),
+        language: $('meta[property="og:locale"]').attr('content') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cw/sub.ts b/lib/routes/cw/sub.ts
index a374c6d192..7fc7d55193 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cw/sub.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cw/sub.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 import { baseUrl, parsePage } from './utils';
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: $('meta[name=description]').attr('content'),
         link: `${baseUrl}/subchannel.action?idSubChannel=${ctx.req.param('channel')}`,
         image: `${baseUrl}/assets_new/img/fbshare.jpg`,
-        language: $('meta[property="og:locale"]').attr('content'),
+        language: $('meta[property="og:locale"]').attr('content') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cw/today.ts b/lib/routes/cw/today.ts
index 73e4303f4c..7319c1a4f7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cw/today.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cw/today.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 import { baseUrl, parsePage } from './utils';
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: $('meta[name=description]').attr('content'),
         link: `${baseUrl}/today`,
         image: `${baseUrl}/assets_new/img/fbshare.jpg`,
-        language: $('meta[property="og:locale"]').attr('content'),
+        language: $('meta[property="og:locale"]').attr('content') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cw/utils.ts b/lib/routes/cw/utils.ts
index 0cf4b8e293..040c46cc05 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cw/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cw/utils.ts
@@ -79,11 +79,11 @@ const parseList = ($, limit) =>
     $('.caption')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3').text(),
-                link: item.find('h3 a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('time').text()),
+                title: $item.find('h3').text(),
+                link: $item.find('h3 a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('time').text()),
             };
         })
         .slice(0, limit);
@@ -116,10 +116,10 @@ const parseItems = (list, context: BrowserContext) =>
                 });
 
                 item.title = $('head title').text();
-                item.category = $('meta[name=keywords]').attr('content').split(',');
+                item.category = $('meta[name=keywords]').attr('content')!.split(',');
                 item.pubDate = parseDate(meta.datePublished);
                 item.author = Array.isArray(meta.author) ? meta.author : meta.author.name;
-                item.description = $('.article__head .container').html() + $('.article__content').html();
+                item.description = $('.article__head .container').html()! + $('.article__content').html()!;
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/cyzone/util.ts b/lib/routes/cyzone/util.ts
index e3c7ed6095..32f440c7f8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cyzone/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cyzone/util.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { Language } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -20,14 +21,14 @@ const getInfo = (url) =>
         const $ = load(response);
 
         const avatar = $('img.avatar')?.prop('src')?.split('?', 1)[0] ?? undefined;
-        const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]')?.prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
-        const image = new URL($('div.logo img')?.prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+        const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
+        const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
         return {
             title: $('title').text(),
             link: url,
             description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
             image: avatar || image,
             icon,
             logo: icon,
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ const processItems = async (apiUrl, limit, ...params) => {
 
                 content('img').each((_, el) => {
                     if (content(el).prop('src')) {
-                        content(el).prop('src', content(el).prop('src').split('?', 1)[0]);
+                        content(el).prop('src', content(el).prop('src')!.split('?', 1)[0]);
                     } else {
                         content(el).remove();
                     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/cztv/daily.tsx b/lib/routes/cztv/daily.tsx
index dc96588c6a..904389b1b8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cztv/daily.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cztv/daily.tsx
@@ -50,14 +50,14 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('#videolistss li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('span.t1').text();
-            const link = item.find('input[name=data-url]').attr('value');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('span.t1').text();
+            const link = $item.find('input[name=data-url]').attr('value');
 
             return {
                 title,
                 link,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span.t2').text() + ' 16:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm'), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span.t2').text() + ' 16:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm'), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/cztv/zjxwlb.tsx b/lib/routes/cztv/zjxwlb.tsx
index b2a777b29c..d25484cf21 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cztv/zjxwlb.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cztv/zjxwlb.tsx
@@ -45,17 +45,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('#videolistss li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('span.t1').text();
-            const link = item.find('input[name=data-url]').attr('value');
-            const videoUrl = item.find('input[name=video]').attr('value');
-            const posterUrl = item.find('input[name=videoimage]').attr('value');
+            const title = $item.find('span.t1').text();
+            const link = $item.find('input[name=data-url]').attr('value');
+            const videoUrl = $item.find('input[name=video]').attr('value');
+            const posterUrl = $item.find('input[name=videoimage]').attr('value');
 
             return {
                 title,
                 link,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span.t2').text() + ' 16:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm'), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span.t2').text() + ' 16:30', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm'), 8),
                 description: renderDesc({ title, videoUrl, posterUrl }),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/dahecube/index.ts b/lib/routes/dahecube/index.ts
index b0811d01e7..4b8841ed6f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dahecube/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dahecube/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '大河财立方',
         link: parseUrl(type),
         description: `大河财立方 ${TYPE[type].name}`,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/daily/discussed.ts b/lib/routes/daily/discussed.ts
index 1baec6df5a..0f44ef85f7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/daily/discussed.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/daily/discussed.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 
 import { baseUrl, getData, getList, variables } from './utils.js';
@@ -115,6 +115,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: 'Stay on top of real-time developer discussions on daily.dev. Join conversations happening now and engage with the most active community members.',
         logo: `${baseUrl}/favicon-32x32.png`,
         icon: `${baseUrl}/favicon-32x32.png`,
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/daily/popular.ts b/lib/routes/daily/popular.ts
index d4331342a3..3a1b3533a5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/daily/popular.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/daily/popular.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 
 import { baseUrl, getData, getList, variables } from './utils.js';
@@ -157,6 +157,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: 'daily.dev is the easiest way to stay updated on the latest programming news. Get the best content from the top tech publications on any topic you want.',
         logo: `${baseUrl}/favicon-32x32.png`,
         icon: `${baseUrl}/favicon-32x32.png`,
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/daily/source.ts b/lib/routes/daily/source.ts
index 3f06cbb2ea..0a612a6eb5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/daily/source.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/daily/source.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -178,6 +178,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: userData.image,
         logo: userData.image,
         icon: userData.image,
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/daily/squads.ts b/lib/routes/daily/squads.ts
index 783316d900..545025190a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/daily/squads.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/daily/squads.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 
 import { baseUrl, getData, getList, variables } from './utils.js';
@@ -238,6 +238,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description,
         logo: `${baseUrl}/favicon-32x32.png`,
         icon: `${baseUrl}/favicon-32x32.png`,
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/daily/upvoted.ts b/lib/routes/daily/upvoted.ts
index 5f17c2f341..45f3c8efcd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/daily/upvoted.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/daily/upvoted.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 
 import { baseUrl, getData, getList, variables } from './utils.js';
@@ -167,6 +167,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: 'Find the most upvoted developer posts on daily.dev. Explore top-rated content in coding, tutorials, and tech news from the largest developer network in the world.',
         logo: `${baseUrl}/favicon-32x32.png`,
         icon: `${baseUrl}/favicon-32x32.png`,
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/daily/user.ts b/lib/routes/daily/user.ts
index 8e7eca68e6..0a0213d95e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/daily/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/daily/user.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -188,6 +188,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: user.image,
         logo: user.image,
         icon: user.image,
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/daoxuan/rss.ts b/lib/routes/daoxuan/rss.ts
index cf889b2024..2c55e61d15 100644
--- a/lib/routes/daoxuan/rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/daoxuan/rss.ts
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('div.recent-post-item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a.article-title');
-            const timeElement = item.find('time');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a.article-title');
+            const timeElement = $item.find('time');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 link: `https://daoxuan.cc${a.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(timeElement.attr('datetime')),
+                pubDate: parseDate(timeElement.attr('datetime')!),
                 description: a.attr('title'),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/dapenti/utils.ts b/lib/routes/dapenti/utils.ts
index 9cbc28a5f0..4b8108ec22 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dapenti/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dapenti/utils.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import { type CheerioOptions, load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ export default {
                     const convert_data = iconv.decode(original_data.data, 'gbk');
                     const description = load(convert_data, {
                         decodeEntities: false,
-                    })('body > table > tbody > tr > td.oblog_t_2 > div > table > tbody > tr:nth-child(2) > td');
+                    } as CheerioOptions)('body > table > tbody > tr > td.oblog_t_2 > div > table > tbody > tr:nth-child(2) > td');
                     const pubInfo = description.find('span span.oblog_text').text().split('发布于');
                     description.find('table, .adsbygoogle').remove();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/darwinawards/index.ts b/lib/routes/darwinawards/index.ts
index be8c7751e9..50b633d800 100644
--- a/lib/routes/darwinawards/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/darwinawards/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -37,18 +37,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     let items = $('#article_index a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/dayanzai/index.ts b/lib/routes/dayanzai/index.ts
index 6b2f00205f..b63a2595cb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dayanzai/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dayanzai/index.ts
@@ -43,32 +43,32 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const lists = $('div.c-box > div > div.c-zx-list > ul > li');
     const reg = /日期：(.*?(?:\s\(.*?\))?)\s/;
     const list = lists.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item).find('div');
-        let date = reg.exec(item.find('div.r > p.other').text())[1];
+        const $item = $(item).find('div');
+        let date: string | Date = reg.exec($item.find('div.r > p.other').text())![1];
         if (date.includes('周') || date.includes('月')) {
-            date = /\((.*?)\)/.exec(date)[1];
+            date = /\((.*?)\)/.exec(date)![1];
             date = parseDate(date, 'MM-DD');
         } else if (date.includes('年')) {
-            date = /\((.*?)\)/.exec(date)[1];
+            date = /\((.*?)\)/.exec(date)![1];
             date = parseDate(date, 'YYYY-MM-DD');
         } else {
             date = parseRelativeDate(date);
         }
         return {
-            title: item.find('div.r > p.r-top > span > a').text(),
+            title: $item.find('div.r > p.r-top > span > a').text(),
             pubDate: timezone(date, 8),
-            description: item.find('div.r > p.desc').text(),
-            link: item.find('div.r > p.r-top > span > a').attr('href'),
+            description: $item.find('div.r > p.desc').text(),
+            link: $item.find('div.r > p.r-top > span > a').attr('href'),
         };
     });
     const items =
         fulltext === 'y'
             ? await Promise.all(
                   list.map((item) =>
-                      cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                      cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                           const detailResponse = await got.get(item.link);
                           const content = load(detailResponse.data);
-                          item.description = content('div.intro-box').html();
+                          item.description = content('div.intro-box').html() ?? '';
                           return item;
                       })
                   )
diff --git a/lib/routes/dbaplus/new.ts b/lib/routes/dbaplus/new.ts
index 5d6d5379ca..bb6f1dbc98 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dbaplus/new.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dbaplus/new.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.media-list li.media')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('h3.media-heading a');
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                           },
                       ]
                     : undefined,
-                intro: $el.find('div.mt10').html(),
+                intro: $el.find('div.mt10').html() ?? undefined,
             });
             const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $el
                 .find('span.time')
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -87,14 +87,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h2.title').text();
                 const description: string | undefined =
                     item.description +
                     renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('div.new-detailed').html(),
+                        description: $$('div.new-detailed').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('span.time').first().text();
                 const categories: string[] = $$('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(',') ?? [];
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.navbar-header img').attr('src'),
         author: description.split(/：/, 1)[0],
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dcard/section.ts b/lib/routes/dcard/section.ts
index 9c30bc07c7..a61ad89fab 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dcard/section.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dcard/section.ts
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     await page.goto(`${api}&limit=100`);
     await page.waitForSelector('body > pre');
-    const response = await page.evaluate(() => document.querySelector('body > pre').textContent);
+    const response = await page.evaluate(() => document.querySelector('body > pre')!.textContent);
     const cookies = await cache.tryGet('dcard:cookies', () => page.context().cookies(), 3600, false);
     await page.close();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dcard/utils.ts b/lib/routes/dcard/utils.ts
index 1862c50d0c..ec27d797cd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dcard/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dcard/utils.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = async (items, cookies, context, limit, cache) => {
     let newCookies = [];
     const result = await pMap(
         items.slice(0, limit),
-        async (i) => {
+        async (i: { id: number; forumAlias: string; description?: string }) => {
             const url = `https://www.dcard.tw/service/api/v2/posts/${i.id}`;
             const content = await cache.tryGet(`dcard:${i.id}`, async () => {
                 // try catch 处理被删除的帖子
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = async (items, cookies, context, limit, cache) => {
                     await page.context().addCookies(cookies);
                     await page.goto(url);
                     await page.waitForSelector('body > pre');
-                    const response = await page.evaluate(() => document.querySelector('body > pre').textContent);
+                    const response = await page.evaluate(() => document.querySelector('body > pre')!.textContent);
                     newCookies = await page.context().cookies();
                     await page.close();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dcfever/news.ts b/lib/routes/dcfever/news.ts
index 4d18c8203a..6284dfaafe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dcfever/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dcfever/news.ts
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.col-md-left .title a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), link.href).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, link.href).href,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dcfever/reviews.ts b/lib/routes/dcfever/reviews.ts
index 9baa959fb4..f9dad9f379 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dcfever/reviews.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dcfever/reviews.ts
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.col-md-left .title a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), link).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, link).href,
             };
         })
         .filter((item, index, arr) => arr.findIndex((i) => i.link === item.link) === index);
diff --git a/lib/routes/dcfever/trading-search.ts b/lib/routes/dcfever/trading-search.ts
index dcc7878206..9368680289 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dcfever/trading-search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dcfever/trading-search.ts
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.item_list li a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            item.find('.optional').remove();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            $item.find('.optional').remove();
             return {
-                title: item.find('.trade_title').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), link.href).href,
-                author: item.find('.trade_info').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.trade_title').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, link.href).href,
+                author: $item.find('.trade_info').text(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dcfever/trading.ts b/lib/routes/dcfever/trading.ts
index 95a218f1fd..3564649956 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dcfever/trading.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dcfever/trading.ts
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.item_grid_wrap div a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.lazyloadx').attr('alt'),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), link.href).href,
-                author: item.find('.trade_info div span').eq(1).text(),
+                title: $item.find('.lazyloadx').attr('alt'),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, link.href).href,
+                author: $item.find('.trade_info div span').eq(1).text(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dcfever/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/dcfever/utils.tsx
index 070606487a..06c310bb57 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dcfever/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/dcfever/utils.tsx
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ const parseItem = (item) =>
         const pageLinks = $('.article_multi_page a')
             .not('.selected')
             .toArray()
-            .map((i) => ({ link: new URL($(i).attr('href'), item.link).href }));
+            .map((i) => ({ link: new URL($(i).attr('href')!, item.link).href }));
 
         if (pageLinks.length) {
             const pages = await Promise.all(
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ const parseItem = (item) =>
                     return $('div[itemprop="articleBody"]').html();
                 })
             );
-            content.append(pages);
+            content.append(pages as unknown as string);
         }
 
         content.find('img').each((_, e) => {
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ const parseItem = (item) =>
         });
 
         item.description = content.html();
-        item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content'));
+        item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!);
 
         return item;
     });
diff --git a/lib/routes/ddosi/category.ts b/lib/routes/ddosi/category.ts
index 9e1015e0e9..0ddca00a4f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ddosi/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ddosi/category.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const href = item.find('a:first-child').attr('href');
         const title = item.find('.entry-title a').text();
         const description = item.find('.entry-content p').text();
-        const date = parseDate(item.find('.meta-date a time').attr('datetime'));
+        const date = parseDate(item.find('.meta-date a time').attr('datetime')!);
 
         return {
             title: String(title),
diff --git a/lib/routes/ddosi/index.ts b/lib/routes/ddosi/index.ts
index 441c972e94..345ca5ec8c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ddosi/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ddosi/index.ts
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ async function handler() {
         const href = item.find('a:first-child').attr('href');
         const title = item.find('.entry-title a').text();
         const description = item.find('.entry-content p').text();
-        const date = parseDate(item.find('.meta-date a time').attr('datetime'));
+        const date = parseDate(item.find('.meta-date a time').attr('datetime')!);
 
         return {
             title: String(title),
diff --git a/lib/routes/deadbydaylight/index.ts b/lib/routes/deadbydaylight/index.ts
index 06a32e6ad1..94a06eccba 100644
--- a/lib/routes/deadbydaylight/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/deadbydaylight/index.ts
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler() {
     // { 0: node: { id, locale, slug, title, excerpt, image, published_at, article_category}}
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
-        Object.values(articleMeta).map((edge) => {
+        Object.values<Record<string, any>>(articleMeta).map((edge) => {
             const content = edge.node;
             const slug = content.slug;
             const dataUrl = `${baseUrl}/page-data/news/${slug}/page-data.json`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/deadline/posts.tsx b/lib/routes/deadline/posts.tsx
index d2b0f010b1..9c08c0a67b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/deadline/posts.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/deadline/posts.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const $ = load(item.content.rendered, null, false);
 
         $('.c-lazy-image__img').each((_, img) => {
-            img = $(img);
-            if (img.attr('data-lazy-src')) {
-                img.attr('src', img.attr('data-lazy-src').split('?', 1)[0]);
-                img.removeAttr('data-lazy-src');
-                img.removeAttr('data-lazy-srcset');
+            const $img = $(img);
+            if ($img.attr('data-lazy-src')) {
+                $img.attr('src', $img.attr('data-lazy-src')!.split('?', 1)[0]);
+                $img.removeAttr('data-lazy-src');
+                $img.removeAttr('data-lazy-srcset');
             }
         });
         $('[class^="lrv-a-crop-"]').contents().unwrap();
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: 'Deadline – Hollywood Entertainment Breaking News',
         description: 'Deadline.com is always the first to break up-to-the-minute entertainment, Hollywood and media news, with an unfiltered, no-holds-barred analysis of events.',
         link: baseUrl,
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         image: `${baseUrl}/wp-content/themes/pmc-deadline-2019/assets/app/icons/apple-touch-icon.png`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dealstreetasia/home.ts b/lib/routes/dealstreetasia/home.ts
index 177bbf62e7..44e02ebfd2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dealstreetasia/home.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dealstreetasia/home.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio'; // An HTML parser with an API similar to jQuery
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 // import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch'; // Unified request library used
 // import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ async function fetchPage() {
 
     return {
         title: 'Deal Street Asia',
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: list,
         link: 'https://dealstreetasia.com/',
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dealstreetasia/section.ts b/lib/routes/dealstreetasia/section.ts
index a035b897f8..c3f8eb5a30 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dealstreetasia/section.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dealstreetasia/section.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio'; // An HTML parser with an API similar to jQuery
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 // import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch'; // Unified request library used
 // import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function fetchPage(section: string) {
 
     return {
         title: 'Deal Street Asia - ' + headingText,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: feedItems,
         link: 'https://dealstreetasia.com/section/' + section + '/',
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dedao/articles.ts b/lib/routes/dedao/articles.ts
index fab29eb495..4103ca706f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dedao/articles.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dedao/articles.ts
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const postTitle = article.title;
             const postTime = new Date(article.publish_time * 1000).toUTCString();
 
-            return cache.tryGet(postUrl, async () => {
+            return cache.tryGet<any>(postUrl, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got.get(postUrl, { headers });
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.body);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dedao/list.ts b/lib/routes/dedao/list.ts
index 9a1747174a..61b86b4deb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dedao/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dedao/list.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -57,18 +57,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.pro-info p a')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10)
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/deepl/blog.ts b/lib/routes/deepl/blog.ts
index 91abcce226..ee08cff836 100644
--- a/lib/routes/deepl/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/deepl/blog.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('h4, h6')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el).parent().parent();
 
             const title: string = $el.find('h4, h6').text();
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -77,14 +77,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1[data-contentful-field-id="title"]').text();
                 const description: string | undefined =
                     item.description +
                     renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('div.my-redesign-3').html(),
+                        description: $$('div.my-redesign-3').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('time').first().attr('datetime');
                 const authorsArr: string[] = $$('span[data-contentful-field-id="author"] span').last().text().split(/,\s/);
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/deeplearning/the-batch.ts b/lib/routes/deeplearning/the-batch.ts
index e07bc67548..84848792e8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/deeplearning/the-batch.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/deeplearning/the-batch.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
             },
             image,
             banner: image,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
     });
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/deepmind/blog.ts b/lib/routes/deepmind/blog.ts
index 9ebebde924..f3d9ce0d9a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/deepmind/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/deepmind/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(data);
 
@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@ async function handler() {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         description: feed.description,
         image: 'https://assets-global.website-files.com/621d30e84caf0be3291dbf1c/621d336835a91420c6a8dcf2_webclip.png',
         link: `${feed.link}/blog`,
-        item: items,
-        language: 'en',
+        item: items as DataItem[],
+        language: 'en' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/deepseek/news.ts b/lib/routes/deepseek/news.ts
index 999d2eb268..3fc84dbfbd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/deepseek/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/deepseek/news.ts
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ const createDataItem = (item: Element, $: CheerioAPI): Promise<DataItem> => {
     return cache.tryGet(pageURL, async () => {
         const $article = await fetchPageContent(pageURL);
         const { title, content } = extractArticleInfo($article, pageURL);
-        const pubDate = parseDateString(dateString);
+        const pubDate = parseDateString(dateString!);
 
         return {
             title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/dehenglaw/index.ts b/lib/routes/dehenglaw/index.ts
index 65921cf78e..e65075ff5d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dehenglaw/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dehenglaw/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -21,25 +21,25 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.news_box ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('h2').text();
+            const title = $item.find('h2').text();
             const description = renderDescription({
-                intro: item.find('div.deheng_newscontent p').text(),
+                intro: $item.find('div.deheng_newscontent p').text(),
             });
 
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY/M/D'),
-                link: item.find('a').first().prop('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY/M/D'),
+                link: $item.find('a').first().prop('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 const description =
                     item.description +
                     renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('div.news_content').html(),
+                        description: $$('div.news_content').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                 const image = $$('div.news_content img').prop('src');
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/devolverdigital/blog.ts b/lib/routes/devolverdigital/blog.ts
index d4669c061c..c1375cdc04 100644
--- a/lib/routes/devolverdigital/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/devolverdigital/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     return {
         title: 'DevolverDigital Blog',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         link: 'https://www.devolverdigital.com/blog',
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/devtrium/posts.ts b/lib/routes/devtrium/posts.ts
index a87f9a8ebb..1c077d3504 100644
--- a/lib/routes/devtrium/posts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/devtrium/posts.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     return {
         title: 'Devtrium',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: items,
         link: 'https://devtrium.com',
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dgjyw/index.ts b/lib/routes/dgjyw/index.ts
index a3f6a3db3c..fb8f5caf2a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dgjyw/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dgjyw/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,30 +45,30 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('div.text-list ul li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${link.startsWith('http') ? '' : `${rootUrl}/`}${link}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.next().text()),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${link!.startsWith('http') ? '' : `${rootUrl}/`}${link}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.next().text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (/dgjyw\.com/.test(item.link)) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (/dgjyw\.com/.test(item.link!)) {
                     const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
 
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                     content('.cont-tit').remove();
-                    content('.art-body').html(content('.v_news_content').html());
+                    content('.art-body').html(content('.v_news_content').html() as string);
 
-                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!), 8);
                     item.description = content('form[name="_newscontent_fromname"]').html();
                 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dgtle/article.ts b/lib/routes/dgtle/article.ts
index c28be912f1..703557b1ef 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dgtle/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dgtle/article.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/, 1)[0] ?? undefined,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dgtle/feed.ts b/lib/routes/dgtle/feed.ts
index 0b0f4d9ff5..b9cd625238 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dgtle/feed.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dgtle/feed.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/, 1)[0] ?? undefined,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dgtle/news.ts b/lib/routes/dgtle/news.ts
index 7834db7b19..fa8576e431 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dgtle/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dgtle/news.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/, 1)[0] ?? undefined,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dgtle/tag.ts b/lib/routes/dgtle/tag.ts
index 2c396e8cf9..17fdbd6b50 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dgtle/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dgtle/tag.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/, 1)[0] ?? undefined,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dgtle/util.ts b/lib/routes/dgtle/util.ts
index 0eaf19610f..9abf0826de 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dgtle/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dgtle/util.ts
@@ -16,8 +16,10 @@ const md = MarkdownIt({
 
 const baseUrl = 'https://www.dgtle.com';
 
+type LiveDataItem = DataItem & { live_status?: any };
+
 const ProcessItems = async (limit: number, dataList: any): Promise<DataItem[]> => {
-    let items: DataItem[] = dataList.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: LiveDataItem[] = dataList.slice(0, limit).map((item): LiveDataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title || item.content;
         const image: string | undefined = item.cover;
         const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ const ProcessItems = async (limit: number, dataList: any): Promise<DataItem[]> =
         const guid = `dgtle-${item.id}`;
         const updated: number | string = pubDate;
 
-        const processedItem: DataItem = {
+        const processedItem: LiveDataItem = {
             title,
             description,
             pubDate: pubDate ? parseDate(pubDate, 'X') : undefined,
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ const ProcessItems = async (limit: number, dataList: any): Promise<DataItem[]> =
             delete item.live_status;
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 $$('div.logo').remove();
@@ -101,10 +103,10 @@ const ProcessItems = async (limit: number, dataList: any): Promise<DataItem[]> =
                 });
 
                 const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
-                    description: $$('div.whale_news_detail-daily-content, div#articleContent, div.forum-viewthread-article-box').html(),
+                    description: $$('div.whale_news_detail-daily-content, div#articleContent, div.forum-viewthread-article-box').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
 
-                const processedItem: DataItem = {
+                const processedItem: Partial<DataItem> = {
                     description,
                 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dgtle/video.ts b/lib/routes/dgtle/video.ts
index a88fe00b8f..2d25083b00 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dgtle/video.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dgtle/video.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             },
             image,
             banner: image,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
             enclosure_length: item.duration,
         };
 
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1.video-title').text();
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseRelativeDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 if (enclosureUrl) {
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         itunes_author: author,
         itunes_category: 'Technology',
         id: targetUrl,
diff --git a/lib/routes/dhu/jiaowu/news.ts b/lib/routes/dhu/jiaowu/news.ts
index 1b57f5ab09..823908bc6f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dhu/jiaowu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dhu/jiaowu/news.ts
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         $('.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
             .map(async (item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const newsTitle = item.find('.news_title > a');
-                const newsMeta = item.find('.news_meta');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const newsTitle = $item.find('.news_title > a');
+                const newsMeta = $item.find('.news_meta');
 
                 // article meta
                 const link = newsTitle.attr('href');
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     try {
                         const { data: response } = await got(url);
                         const $ = load(response);
-                        description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                        description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html() ?? '';
                     } catch {
                         description = '';
                     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/dhu/xxgk/news.ts b/lib/routes/dhu/xxgk/news.ts
index a85a6709d3..72a1ac8e49 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dhu/xxgk/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dhu/xxgk/news.ts
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ async function handler() {
         $('.cols_list > li')
             .toArray()
             .map(async (item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const colsTitle = item.find('.cols_title > a');
-                const colsMeta = item.find('.cols_meta');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const colsTitle = $item.find('.cols_title > a');
+                const colsMeta = $item.find('.cols_meta');
 
                 // article meta
                 const link = colsTitle.attr('href');
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     try {
                         const { data: response } = await got(url);
                         const $ = load(response);
-                        description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                        description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html() ?? '';
                     } catch {
                         description = '';
                     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/dhu/yjs/news.ts b/lib/routes/dhu/yjs/news.ts
index b526f1823e..ff12ef0367 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dhu/yjs/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dhu/yjs/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,20 +41,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('.sub_list > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: a.attr('href').startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: a.attr('href')!.startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     // item content
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 item.description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/dhu/yjs/zs.ts b/lib/routes/dhu/yjs/zs.ts
index c76d4750fe..755ae37903 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dhu/yjs/zs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dhu/yjs/zs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,20 +40,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('.list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text()),
             };
         });
 
     // item content
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 item.description = $('.wp_articlecontent').first().html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/diariofruticola/filtro.ts b/lib/routes/diariofruticola/filtro.ts
index 97ea630c34..0f3909c275 100644
--- a/lib/routes/diariofruticola/filtro.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/diariofruticola/filtro.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div#printableArea a.text-dark')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.text();
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             const processedItem: DataItem = {
                 title,
                 link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, baseUrl).href : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('h1.my-2').text();
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), -3) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img#logo').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/diershoubing/news.tsx b/lib/routes/diershoubing/news.tsx
index ff6758627e..56892b8202 100644
--- a/lib/routes/diershoubing/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/diershoubing/news.tsx
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ const DiershoubingDescription = ({ description, type, acontent }: { description:
         ) : type === 'bilibili' ? (
             <>
                 <img src={acontent.img} />
-                <iframe src={`https://player.bilibili.com/player.html?bvid=${acontent.bvid}&high_quality=1`} width="650" height="477" scrolling="no" border="0" frameborder="no" framespacing="0" allowfullscreen="true"></iframe>
+                <iframe src={`https://player.bilibili.com/player.html?bvid=${acontent.bvid}&high_quality=1`} width="650" height="477" scrolling="no" border="0" frameborder="no" framespacing="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
             </>
         ) : null}
     </>
diff --git a/lib/routes/digitalcameraworld/news.ts b/lib/routes/digitalcameraworld/news.ts
index ee36113ab8..414002d48a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/digitalcameraworld/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/digitalcameraworld/news.ts
@@ -40,17 +40,16 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            let description = item.find(String.raw`dc\:content`).text();
-            description = $('<div>').html(description);
-            description.find('.vanilla-image-block').removeAttr('style');
-            description.find('.fancy-box').remove();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const $description = $('<div>').html($item.find(String.raw`dc\:content`).text());
+            $description.find('.vanilla-image-block').removeAttr('style');
+            $description.find('.fancy-box').remove();
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('title').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('pubDate').text()),
-                link: item.find('link').text(),
-                description: description.html(),
+                title: $item.find('title').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('pubDate').text()),
+                link: $item.find('link').text(),
+                description: $description.html(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/digitalpolicyalert/activity-tracker.ts b/lib/routes/digitalpolicyalert/activity-tracker.ts
index 063cb3c5bc..ff231566ed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/digitalpolicyalert/activity-tracker.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/digitalpolicyalert/activity-tracker.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 text: description,
             },
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -91,9 +91,9 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         link: targetUrl,
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
-        image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content') ? new URL($('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'), baseUrl).href : undefined,
+        image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content') ? new URL($('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content')!, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dingshao/share.ts b/lib/routes/dingshao/share.ts
index 71cda24f76..00f8870fae 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dingshao/share.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dingshao/share.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
     const channelProfile = response.value.bundle.channels.find((channel) => channel.id === response.value.channel)?.profile;
 
     return {
-        title: channelProfile?.name,
+        title: channelProfile!.name,
         description: channelProfile?.description,
         link: `${baseUrl}/share/${shortId}`,
         image: channelProfile?.image,
diff --git a/lib/routes/discord/channel.ts b/lib/routes/discord/channel.ts
index 6fff42f61f..ea8246c412 100644
--- a/lib/routes/discord/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/discord/channel.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import type { APITextChannel } from 'discord-api-types/v10';
+
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
 import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
@@ -43,27 +45,29 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const channelInfo = await getChannel(channelId, authorization);
     const messagesRaw = await getChannelMessages(channelId, authorization, ctx.req.query('limit') ?? 100);
-    const { name: channelName, topic: channelTopic, guild_id: guildId } = channelInfo;
+    const { name: channelName, topic: channelTopic, guild_id: guildId } = channelInfo as APITextChannel;
 
     const guildInfo = await getGuild(guildId, authorization);
     const { name: guildName, icon: guidIcon } = guildInfo;
 
-    const messages = messagesRaw.map((message) => ({
-        title: message.content.split('\n', 1)[0],
-        description: renderDescription({ message, guildInfo }),
-        author: `${message.author.global_name ?? message.author.username}(${message.author.username})`,
-        pubDate: parseDate(message.timestamp),
-        updated: message.edited_timestamp ? parseDate(message.edited_timestamp) : undefined,
-        category: `#${channelName}`,
-        link: `${baseUrl}/channels/${guildId}/${channelId}/${message.id}`,
-    }));
+    const messages = messagesRaw.map(
+        (message): DataItem => ({
+            title: message.content.split('\n', 1)[0],
+            description: renderDescription({ message, guildInfo }),
+            author: `${message.author.global_name ?? message.author.username}(${message.author.username})`,
+            pubDate: parseDate(message.timestamp),
+            updated: message.edited_timestamp ? parseDate(message.edited_timestamp) : undefined,
+            category: `#${channelName}`,
+            link: `${baseUrl}/channels/${guildId}/${channelId}/${message.id}`,
+        })
+    );
 
     return {
         title: `#${channelName} - ${guildName} - Discord`,
         description: channelTopic,
         link: `${baseUrl}/channels/${guildId}/${channelId}`,
         image: `https://cdn.discordapp.com/icons/${guildId}/${guidIcon}.webp`,
-        item: messages as unknown as DataItem[],
+        item: messages,
         allowEmpty: true,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/discourse/notifications.ts b/lib/routes/discourse/notifications.ts
index a988248410..177e69a9a7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/discourse/notifications.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/discourse/notifications.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ If you opt to enable \`fulltext\` feature, consider adding \`limit\` parameter t
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    const { link, key } = getConfig(ctx);
+    const { link, key } = getConfig(ctx) as unknown as { link: string; key: string };
 
     const response = await ofetch(`${link}/notifications.json`, { headers: { 'User-Api-Key': key } });
     let items = response.notifications.slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10).map((e) => ({
diff --git a/lib/routes/discourse/official.ts b/lib/routes/discourse/official.ts
index 830262c8eb..d8b439fd0b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/discourse/official.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/discourse/official.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import RSSParser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    const { link, key } = getConfig(ctx);
+    const { link, key } = getConfig(ctx) as unknown as { link: string; key: string };
     const path = ctx.req.param('path');
 
     const url = `${link}/${path}.rss`;
@@ -52,5 +52,5 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         ...e,
     }));
 
-    return { item: feed.items, ...feed };
+    return { item: feed.items, ...feed } as unknown as Data;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/discourse/posts.ts b/lib/routes/discourse/posts.ts
index f39ef12530..5d794ed29e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/discourse/posts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/discourse/posts.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import RSSParser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    const { link, key } = getConfig(ctx);
+    const { link, key } = getConfig(ctx) as any;
 
     const feed = await RSSParser.parseString(
         (
@@ -46,5 +46,5 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         ...e,
     }));
 
-    return { item: feed.items, ...feed };
+    return { item: feed.items, ...feed } as Data;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/discuz/discuz.ts b/lib/routes/discuz/discuz.ts
index c73e862279..4a9501c891 100644
--- a/lib/routes/discuz/discuz.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/discuz/discuz.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ async function fetchWithAntiBot(url: string, header: Record<string, string>) {
         headers: header,
     });
 
-    let responseData = Buffer.from(response._data);
+    let responseData = Buffer.from(response._data!);
     const initialHtml = iconv.decode(responseData, 'utf-8');
 
     if (initialHtml.includes('document.location.reload()')) {
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function fetchWithAntiBot(url: string, header: Record<string, string>) {
                 responseType: 'arrayBuffer',
                 headers: { ...header, Cookie: [header.Cookie, cookieStr].filter(Boolean).join('; ') },
             });
-            responseData = Buffer.from(response._data);
+            responseData = Buffer.from(response._data!);
         }
     }
 
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ async function loadContent(itemLink, charset, header) {
 
     // fix lazyload image
     post.find('img').each((_, img) => {
-        img = $(img);
-        if (img.attr('src')?.endsWith('none.gif') && img.attr('file')) {
-            img.attr('src', img.attr('file') || img.attr('zoomfile'));
-            img.removeAttr('file');
-            img.removeAttr('zoomfile');
+        const $img = $(img);
+        if ($img.attr('src')?.endsWith('none.gif') && $img.attr('file')) {
+            $img.attr('src', $img.attr('file') || $img.attr('zoomfile'));
+            $img.removeAttr('file');
+            $img.removeAttr('zoomfile');
         }
     });
 
@@ -132,20 +132,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const list = $('tbody[id^="normalthread"] > tr')
             .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 5)
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('span[id^=thread] a');
+            .map((item): DataItem => {
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('span[id^=thread] a');
                 return {
                     title: a.text().trim(),
                     link: fixUrl(a.attr('href'), link),
-                    pubDate: item.find('td.author em').length ? parseDate(item.find('td.author em').text().trim()) : undefined,
-                    author: item.find('td.author cite a').text().trim(),
+                    pubDate: $item.find('td.author em').length ? parseDate($item.find('td.author em').text().trim()) : undefined,
+                    author: $item.find('td.author cite a').text().trim(),
                 };
             });
 
         items = await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const { description } = await loadContent(item.link, charset, header);
 
                     item.description = description;
@@ -159,20 +159,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const list = $('tbody[id^="normalthread"] > tr')
             .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 5)
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a.xst');
+            .map((item): DataItem => {
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a.xst');
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
                     link: fixUrl(a.attr('href'), link),
-                    pubDate: item.find('td.by:nth-child(3) em span').last().length ? parseDate(item.find('td.by:nth-child(3) em span').last().text().trim()) : undefined,
-                    author: item.find('td.by:nth-child(3) cite a').text().trim(),
+                    pubDate: $item.find('td.by:nth-child(3) em span').last().length ? parseDate($item.find('td.by:nth-child(3) em span').last().text().trim()) : undefined,
+                    author: $item.find('td.by:nth-child(3) cite a').text().trim(),
                 };
             });
 
         items = await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const { description } = await loadContent(item.link, charset, header);
 
                     item.description = description;
diff --git a/lib/routes/disinfo/publications.ts b/lib/routes/disinfo/publications.ts
index 8d456fa995..bb6a71f198 100644
--- a/lib/routes/disinfo/publications.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/disinfo/publications.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,18 +41,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.elementor-heading-title a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 });
 
                 item.description = content('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content').html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:modified_time"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:modified_time"]').attr('content')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/diskanalyzer/whats-new.ts b/lib/routes/diskanalyzer/whats-new.ts
index d7457c5ed7..1a31e48c27 100644
--- a/lib/routes/diskanalyzer/whats-new.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/diskanalyzer/whats-new.ts
@@ -42,16 +42,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('.blog-content h4')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.text();
+            const title = $item.text();
 
             let description = '';
-            item.nextUntil('h4').each((_, el) => {
+            $item.nextUntil('h4').each((_, el) => {
                 description += $(el).html();
             });
             if (description === '') {
-                item.parent()
+                $item
+                    .parent()
                     .nextUntil('h4')
                     .each((_, el) => {
                         description += $(el).html();
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 title,
                 link: currentUrl,
                 description,
-                pubDate: parseDate(title.match(/\((.*)\)/)[1], ['D MMMM YYYY', 'D MMM YYYY']),
+                pubDate: parseDate(title.match(/\((.*)\)/)![1], ['D MMMM YYYY', 'D MMM YYYY']),
                 guid: title,
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/distill/index.ts b/lib/routes/distill/index.ts
index ad4d16ffb4..ebfb71af01 100644
--- a/lib/routes/distill/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/distill/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -33,18 +33,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     let items = $('.post-preview')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/${item.children('a').attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('.title').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/${$item.children('a').attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 });
 
                 item.doi = content('meta[name="citation_doi"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published"]').attr('content')!);
                 item.description = content('d-article')
                     .children()
                     .toArray()
diff --git a/lib/routes/dlnews/category.tsx b/lib/routes/dlnews/category.tsx
index 8f331c1ef7..2b693ff1b2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dlnews/category.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/dlnews/category.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ const extractArticle = (item) =>
         const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
         const $ = load(response);
         const scriptTagContent = $('script#fusion-metadata').text();
-        const jsonData = JSON.parse(scriptTagContent.match(/Fusion\.globalContent=(\{.*?\});Fusion\.globalContentConfig/)[1]).content_elements;
-        const filteredData = [];
+        const jsonData = JSON.parse(scriptTagContent.match(/Fusion\.globalContent=(\{.*?\});Fusion\.globalContentConfig/)![1]).content_elements;
+        const filteredData: any[] = [];
         for (const v of jsonData) {
             if (v.type === 'header' && v.content.includes('What we’re reading')) {
                 break;
@@ -146,6 +146,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: Object.hasOwn(topics, category) ? `${topics[category]} : News on dlnews.com` : 'Latest News on dlnews.com',
         logo: 'https://www.dlnews.com/pf/resources/favicon.ico?d=284',
         icon: 'https://www.dlnews.com/pf/resources/favicon.ico?d=284',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/dlsite/campaign.ts b/lib/routes/dlsite/campaign.ts
index 8893504a4a..3f541366c7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dlsite/campaign.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dlsite/campaign.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 const host = 'https://www.dlsite.com';
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         link: `${host}/${link}`,
         description,
-        language: 'ja-jp',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         allowEmpty: true,
         item,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/dlsite/ci-en/article.ts b/lib/routes/dlsite/ci-en/article.ts
index ee8642c820..660f9c6783 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dlsite/ci-en/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dlsite/ci-en/article.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.c-postedArticle-info a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.e-date').first().text()), 9);
                 item.category = content('.c-hashTagList-item')
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((t) => content(t).text().split('#').pop().trim());
+                    .map((t) => content(t).text().split('#').pop()!.trim());
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/dlsite/new.ts b/lib/routes/dlsite/new.ts
index 4c8b67cb04..48bd160e91 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dlsite/new.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dlsite/new.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         link,
         description,
-        language: 'ja-jp',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         item,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/dlsite/utils.ts b/lib/routes/dlsite/utils.ts
index 115743fe8a..078139db0c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dlsite/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dlsite/utils.ts
@@ -66,32 +66,32 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx) => {
                 (item) =>
                     $(item)
                         .find('a')
-                        .attr('href')
-                        .match(/_id\/(.*?)\.html/)[1]
+                        .attr('href')!
+                        .match(/_id\/(.*?)\.html/)![1]
             )
             .join(',')
     );
 
     const items = works.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item).parentsUntil('tbody, ul');
+        const $item = $(item).parentsUntil('tbody, ul');
 
-        const a = item.find('.work_name a');
+        const a = $item.find('.work_name a');
 
         const title = a.text();
         const link = a.attr('href');
-        const guid = link.match(/_id\/(.*?)\.html/)[1];
+        const guid = link!.match(/_id\/(.*?)\.html/)![1];
 
-        const description = item.find('.work_text').text();
-        const authors = item
+        const description = $item.find('.work_text').text();
+        const authors = $item
             .find('.maker_name a')
             .toArray()
             .map((a) => ({
                 name: $(a).text(),
                 link: $(a).attr('href'),
             }));
-        let images = item.find('div[data-samples]').length === 0 ? [] : JSON.parse(item.find('div[data-samples]').attr('data-samples').replaceAll("'", '"')).map((s) => s.thumb);
+        let images = $item.find('div[data-samples]').length === 0 ? [] : JSON.parse($item.find('div[data-samples]').attr('data-samples')!.replaceAll("'", '"')).map((s) => s.thumb);
 
-        const workCategories = item
+        const workCategories = $item
             .find('.work_category')
             .find('a')
             .toArray()
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx) => {
                 link: $(i).attr('href'),
             }));
 
-        const workGenres = item
+        const workGenres = $item
             .find('.work_genre')
             .find('span[title]')
             .toArray()
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx) => {
                 text: $(i).text(),
             }));
 
-        const searchTags = item
+        const searchTags = $item
             .find('.search_tag')
             .find('a')
             .toArray()
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx) => {
                 link: $(i).attr('href'),
             }));
 
-        const nameTags = item
+        const nameTags = $item
             .find('.icon_wrap')
             .find('span[title]')
             .toArray()
diff --git a/lib/routes/dn/news.ts b/lib/routes/dn/news.ts
index d20e9a91f7..666cdebb98 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dn/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dn/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,28 +54,28 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('a.list-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string; category: string[] } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const image = item.find('div.img img');
+            const image = $item.find('div.img img');
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('h2.ellipse2').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('h2.ellipse2').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 description: renderDescription({
                     image: image
                         ? {
-                              src: image.prop('src'),
+                              src: image.prop('src')!,
                               alt: image.prop('alt'),
                           }
                         : undefined,
-                    abstracts: item.find('p.abstract').html(),
+                    abstracts: $item.find('p.abstract').html() ?? undefined,
                 }),
-                category: item
+                category: $item
                     .find('span.cat')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text()),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span.time').text()), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span.time').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.title = content('h1.tit').text();
                 item.description = renderDescription({
-                    abstracts: content('div.abstract').html(),
-                    description: content('div.detail').html(),
+                    abstracts: content('div.abstract').html() ?? undefined,
+                    description: content('div.detail').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.author = content('span.author')
                     .text()
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${title} - ${$('div.group a.active').text()}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
-        image: new URL($('a.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
+        image: new URL($('a.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('title').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/dnaindia/common.ts b/lib/routes/dnaindia/common.ts
index e67bc1d07f..80a6768f0f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dnaindia/common.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dnaindia/common.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { Language } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
@@ -24,8 +25,8 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     const listItems = $('div.list-news')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('div.explainer-subtext a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('div.explainer-subtext a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
@@ -81,6 +82,6 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         description: 'Latest News on dnaIndia.com',
         logo: 'https://cdn.dnaindia.com/sites/all/themes/dnaindia/favicon-1016.ico',
         icon: 'https://cdn.dnaindia.com/sites/all/themes/dnaindia/favicon-1016.ico',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/dockerhub/repositories.ts b/lib/routes/dockerhub/repositories.ts
index 87fd6a80a2..d03703dc79 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dockerhub/repositories.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dockerhub/repositories.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx: Context) {
-    const owner = ctx.req.param('owner').toLowerCase();
+    const owner = ctx.req.param('owner')!.toLowerCase();
     const limit = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit') || '10');
     const link = `https://hub.docker.com/r/${owner}`;
     const url = `https://hub.docker.com/v2/repositories/${owner}`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/dockerhub/tag.ts b/lib/routes/dockerhub/tag.ts
index 5218540f95..3e548eaece 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dockerhub/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dockerhub/tag.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${namespace} tags`,
         description: metadata.data.description,
         link,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: tags.map((item) => {
             const architectures = item.images?.length ? item.images.map((img) => `${img.os}/${img.architecture}`).join(', ') : 'unknown architectures';
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dockerhub/utils.ts b/lib/routes/dockerhub/utils.ts
index 51c8ccc914..6b39fee9eb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dockerhub/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dockerhub/utils.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import md5 from '@/utils/md5';
 
 function hash(images) {
-    const entries = Object.entries(images)
+    const entries = Object.entries<{ os: string; architecture: string; digest: string }>(images)
         .map((x) => `${x[1].os}/${x[1].architecture},${x[1].digest}`)
         .toSorted((a, b) => a.localeCompare(b));
     const text = entries.join('|');
diff --git a/lib/routes/docschina/weekly.ts b/lib/routes/docschina/weekly.ts
index 0b76531c39..709df8b88f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/docschina/weekly.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/docschina/weekly.ts
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const path = `/news/weekly/${category}`;
     const url = `${baseURL}${path}`;
     const { data: res } = await got(url);
-    // @ts-ignore
     const $ = load(res);
 
     const title = $('head title').text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/dol/announce.ts b/lib/routes/dol/announce.ts
index 40f0f9f097..9cbb744866 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dol/announce.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dol/announce.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const result = {
         title: `ประกาศสำนักงานที่ดิน${province ? 'จังหวัด' + province + ' ' : ''}${office ? 'สำนักงานที่ดิน' + office : ''}${owner ? 'ชื่อผู้ถือกรรมสิทธิ/ผู้ขอ ' + owner : ''}`,
         link: `${baseUrl}/index.php`,
-        item: [],
+        item: [] as DataItem[],
     };
 
     // If office/province provided, fetch index page to lookup province/office code
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 return result;
             }
 
-            queryParams.searchprovince = slcProvince.attr('value');
+            queryParams.searchprovince = slcProvince.attr('value')!;
         }
 
         if (office) {
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 return result;
             }
 
-            queryParams.searchoffice = slcOffice.attr('value');
+            queryParams.searchoffice = slcOffice.attr('value')!;
         }
     }
 
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     result.item = $('div#div table tbody tr:not([class])')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             /** @type cheerio.Cheerio<th>[] */
-            const [, topic, requester, reqType, anceBegDate, anceEndDate, officeName, anceFile] = item
+            const [, topic, requester, reqType, anceBegDate, anceEndDate, officeName, anceFile] = $item
                 .find('th')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((item) => $(item));
diff --git a/lib/routes/domp4/detail.ts b/lib/routes/domp4/detail.ts
index 8ab39562a9..1540649b34 100644
--- a/lib/routes/domp4/detail.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/domp4/detail.ts
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ function getDomList($, detailUrl) {
     const list = $('.down-list li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').attr('title');
-            const downurl = item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').attr('title');
+            const downurl = $item.find('a').attr('href');
             const urlType = getUrlType(downurl);
             const enclosureUrl = urlType === 'magnet' ? composeMagnetUrl(downurl) : downurl;
             return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/domp4/latest-movie-bt.ts b/lib/routes/domp4/latest-movie-bt.ts
index 1adc9cb5bd..4bbd324b68 100644
--- a/lib/routes/domp4/latest-movie-bt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/domp4/latest-movie-bt.ts
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ function getItemList($) {
     const list = $('#vod .list-group-item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                publishDate: item.find('b').text(),
-                link: `https://www.xlmp4.com${item.find('a').attr('href')}`, // fixed domain for guid
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                publishDate: $item.find('b').text(),
+                link: `https://www.xlmp4.com${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`, // fixed domain for guid
             };
         })
         .filter((item) => !item.title.includes('话') && !item.title.includes('集') && !item.title.includes('更新至'));
diff --git a/lib/routes/domp4/latest.ts b/lib/routes/domp4/latest.ts
index 1409ca634d..8efdbee82a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/domp4/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/domp4/latest.ts
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ function getItemList($, type) {
     const list = $(`#${type} .list-group-item`)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: `https://www.xlmp4.com${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: `https://www.xlmp4.com${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
     return list;
diff --git a/lib/routes/dorohedoro/news.ts b/lib/routes/dorohedoro/news.ts
index 4dd5bfaeb1..3b6512e529 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dorohedoro/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dorohedoro/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,15 +48,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { isNews?: boolean } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.find('permalink').text();
+            const link = $item.find('permalink').text();
             const isNews = /news_\d+_\d+\.html/.test(link);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('title').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('date').text()),
+                title: $item.find('title').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('date').text()),
                 link: `${rootUrl}${isNews ? `/news/${link}` : ''}`,
                 isNews,
             };
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 if (item.isNews) {
                     try {
                         const detailResponse = await got({
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/commercialpress/latest.ts b/lib/routes/douban/commercialpress/latest.ts
index 06b39fda47..26b5ab8a3e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/commercialpress/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/commercialpress/latest.ts
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 title: $item.find('.title > a').text(),
                 link: $item.find('.title > a').attr('href'),
                 description: `<img src="${$item.find('.post img').attr('src')}" /><br>${$item.find('.abstract').html()}`,
-                pubDate: new Date($item.find('.time > span').attr('title')).toUTCString(),
+                pubDate: new Date($item.find('.time > span').attr('title')!).toUTCString(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/other/celebrity.ts b/lib/routes/douban/other/celebrity.ts
index d059b41433..b659ac6c71 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/other/celebrity.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/other/celebrity.ts
@@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `豆瓣电影人 - ${person}`,
         link: `https://movie.douban.com/celebrity/${id}/movies?sortby=${sort}`,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            itemPicUrl = item.find('img').attr('src');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            itemPicUrl = $item.find('img').attr('src');
             return {
-                title: '《' + item.find('h6 > a').text() + '》' + item.find('h6 > span').text().replace('(', '（').replace(')', '）').replaceAll('[', '【').replaceAll(']', '】'),
-                description: `<img src="${itemPicUrl}"/><br/>主演：${item.find('dl > dd').last().text()}<br/>评分：${item.find('.star > span:nth-child(2)').text()}`,
-                link: item.find('dt > a').attr('href'),
+                title: '《' + $item.find('h6 > a').text() + '》' + $item.find('h6 > span').text().replace('(', '（').replace(')', '）').replaceAll('[', '【').replaceAll(']', '】'),
+                description: `<img src="${itemPicUrl}"/><br/>主演：${$item.find('dl > dd').last().text()}<br/>评分：${$item.find('.star > span:nth-child(2)').text()}`,
+                link: $item.find('dt > a').attr('href'),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/other/discussion.ts b/lib/routes/douban/other/discussion.ts
index f78227d95a..437339143b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/other/discussion.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/other/discussion.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 /*
  * @Author: nightmare-mio wanglongwei2009@qq.com
@@ -43,21 +43,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#posts-table>tbody>tr')
         .toArray()
         .slice(1)
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.time').text()),
-                author: item.find('a').eq(1).text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.time').text()),
+                author: $item.find('a').eq(1).text(),
             };
         });
     const title = $('#content>h1').text();
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 // 评论
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/other/doulist.ts b/lib/routes/douban/other/doulist.ts
index 549083679d..e8bbb34601 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/other/doulist.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/other/doulist.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 title,
                 link,
                 description,
-                pubDate: new Date(date).toUTCString(),
+                pubDate: new Date(date!).toUTCString(),
             };
             return single;
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/other/explore.tsx b/lib/routes/douban/other/explore.tsx
index 69de1e29fe..27343c06e9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/other/explore.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/other/explore.tsx
@@ -37,18 +37,18 @@ async function handler() {
         title: '豆瓣-浏览发现',
         link: 'https://www.douban.com/explore',
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('.title a').first().text() ?? '#' + item.find('.icon-topic').text();
-            const desc = item.find('.content p').text();
-            const itemPic = item.find('a.cover').attr('style')
-                ? item
+            const title = $item.find('.title a').first().text() ?? '#' + $item.find('.icon-topic').text();
+            const desc = $item.find('.content p').text();
+            const itemPic = $item.find('a.cover').attr('style')
+                ? $item
                       .find('a.cover')
-                      .attr('style')
-                      .match(/\('(.*?)'\)/)[1]
+                      .attr('style')!
+                      .match(/\('(.*?)'\)/)![1]
                 : '';
-            const author = item.find('.usr-pic a').last().text();
-            const link = item.find('.title a').attr('href') ?? item.find('.icon-topic a').attr('href');
+            const author = $item.find('.usr-pic a').last().text();
+            const link = $item.find('.title a').attr('href') ?? $item.find('.icon-topic a').attr('href');
 
             return {
                 title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/other/group.ts b/lib/routes/douban/other/group.ts
index ff570fb683..1ba7f9fc98 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/other/group.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/other/group.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -66,12 +66,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
             const $1 = $(item);
-            const result = {
-                title: $1.find('.title a').attr('title'),
+            const result: DataItem = {
+                title: $1.find('.title a').attr('title')!,
                 author: $1.find('a').eq(1).text(),
                 link: $1.find('.title a').attr('href'),
             };
-            return cache.tryGet(result.link, async () => {
+            return cache.tryGet(result.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/other/list.ts b/lib/routes/douban/other/list.ts
index d048144f8a..185c946e3c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/other/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/other/list.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const score = fallback(undefined, queryToFloat(routeParams.score), 0);
     let start = 0;
     const count = 50;
-    let items = [];
+    let items: any[] = [];
     let title = '';
     let description = '';
     let total = null;
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/other/playing.ts b/lib/routes/douban/other/playing.ts
index 750ef4cd63..eda1a2ab12 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/other/playing.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/other/playing.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                       }
                     : null;
             })
-            .filter(Boolean),
+            .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[],
         allowEmpty: true,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/other/replied.ts b/lib/routes/douban/other/replied.ts
index bf28f17fbd..217e6bb968 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/other/replied.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/other/replied.ts
@@ -33,17 +33,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('div.recent-replied-mod ul.comment-list li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const p = item.find('p');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const p = $item.find('p');
             const nid = p
                 .find('a')
-                .attr('href')
-                .match(/%2Fnote%2F(.*?)%2F&type=note/)[1];
+                .attr('href')!
+                .match(/%2Fnote%2F(.*?)%2F&type=note/)![1];
             const title = p.find('a').text();
             p.remove();
 
             return {
-                title: `${item.find('a.lnk-people').text()} - ${title}`,
+                title: `${$item.find('a.lnk-people').text()} - ${title}`,
                 link: `https://www.douban.com/note/${nid}`,
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/other/replies.ts b/lib/routes/douban/other/replies.ts
index a330635f22..4fe50b58d5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/other/replies.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/other/replies.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('div.recent-replies-mod ul.comment-list li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const p = item.find('p');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const p = $item.find('p');
             const match = p
                 .find('a')
-                .attr('href')
+                .attr('href')!
                 .match(/%2Fnote%2F(.*?)%2F%23(.*?)&type=note/);
-            const nid = match[1];
-            const cid = match[2];
+            const nid = match![1];
+            const cid = match![2];
             p.remove();
             return {
                 link: `https://www.douban.com/note/${nid}/#${cid}`,
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link, (async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -72,13 +72,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         comments.push(...c.replies);
                     }
                 }
-            })
+            }) as () => Promise<Record<string, any>>)
         )
     );
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text() + ' - 最新回应',
         link: currentUrl,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/people/status.ts b/lib/routes/douban/people/status.ts
index f9cd3ae8c9..dbee847c62 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/people/status.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/people/status.ts
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ function tryFixStatus(status) {
     return result;
 }
 
-function getContentByActivity(ctx, item, params = {}, picsPrefixes = []) {
+function getContentByActivity(ctx, item, params = {} as Record<string, any>, picsPrefixes: string[] = []) {
     const routeParams = querystring.parse(ctx.req.param('routeParams'));
 
     const mergedParams = {
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ function getContentByActivity(ctx, item, params = {}, picsPrefixes = []) {
 
     let text = status.text;
     let lastIndex = 0;
-    const replacedTextSegements = [];
+    const replacedTextSegements: any[] = [];
     for (const entity of status.entities) {
         replacedTextSegements.push(
             text.slice(lastIndex, entity.start),
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ function getContentByActivity(ctx, item, params = {}, picsPrefixes = []) {
         }
         picsPrefixes.push(picsPrefix);
 
-        const imageUrls: Array<string | undefined> = Array.from(status.images, (image) => image?.large?.url);
+        const imageUrls: Array<string | undefined> = Array.from(status.images, (image: any) => image?.large?.url);
         description += prepareImages(imageUrls);
     }
 
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ function getContentByActivity(ctx, item, params = {}, picsPrefixes = []) {
             description += '<br clear="both" /><div style="clear: both"></div></blockquote>';
         }
         if (status.card.images_block) {
-            const imageUrls: Array<string | undefined> = Array.from(status.card.images_block.images, (image) => image.image?.large?.url);
+            const imageUrls: Array<string | undefined> = Array.from(status.card.images_block.images, (image: any) => image.image?.large?.url);
             description += prepareImages(imageUrls);
         }
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/people/wish.ts b/lib/routes/douban/people/wish.ts
index 703767c573..889b18ee45 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/people/wish.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/people/wish.ts
@@ -49,15 +49,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('div.article > div.grid-view > div.item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const itemPicUrl = item.find('.pic a img').attr('src');
-            const info = item.find('.info');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const itemPicUrl = $item.find('.pic a img').attr('src');
+            const info = $item.find('.info');
             const title = info.find('ul li.title a').text();
             const url = info.find('ul li.title a').attr('href');
             const title_ = title.split('/').find((title) => title.trim());
             const day = info.find('ul li .date').text().trim();
             return {
-                title: title_,
+                title: title_!,
                 description: `${info.find('.intro').text()}<br><img src="${itemPicUrl}">`,
                 link: url,
                 pubDate: new Date(day),
diff --git a/lib/routes/douyin/hashtag.ts b/lib/routes/douyin/hashtag.ts
index f1ef14cb9a..270f280ee7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douyin/hashtag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douyin/hashtag.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         async () => {
             const context = await playwright();
             const page = await context.newPage();
-            let awemeList = '';
+            let awemeList: any = '';
             await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
                 const request = route.request();
                 request.resourceType() === 'document' || request.resourceType() === 'script' || request.resourceType() === 'xhr' ? route.continue() : route.abort();
@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 waitUntil: 'networkidle',
             });
             await page.waitForSelector('#RENDER_DATA');
-            const html = await page.evaluate(() => document.querySelector('#RENDER_DATA').textContent);
+            const html = await page.evaluate(() => document.querySelector('#RENDER_DATA')!.textContent);
             await context.close();
 
             const renderData = JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent(html));
-            const dataKey = Object.keys(renderData).find((key) => renderData[key].topicDetail);
+            const dataKey = Object.keys(renderData).find((key) => renderData[key].topicDetail)!;
             renderData[dataKey].defaultData = awemeList.aweme_list;
             return renderData[dataKey];
         },
diff --git a/lib/routes/douyin/live.ts b/lib/routes/douyin/live.ts
index 93cb864a36..44d858b2b9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douyin/live.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douyin/live.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const nickname = roomOwner.nickname;
     const userAvatar = roomOwner.avatar_thumb.url_list[0];
 
-    const items = [];
+    const items: DataItem[] = [];
     if (roomInfo.id_str) {
         if (roomInfo.status === 2) {
             items.push({
diff --git a/lib/routes/douyin/templates/embed.tsx b/lib/routes/douyin/templates/embed.tsx
index b0efdbbc59..da813a51d1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douyin/templates/embed.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/douyin/templates/embed.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 type EmbedData = {
     img?: string;
-    duration?: string;
+    duration?: number;
     videoList?: string[];
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dribbble/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/dribbble/utils.tsx
index 727b3836e6..e720deee27 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dribbble/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/dribbble/utils.tsx
@@ -31,37 +31,37 @@ async function loadContent(link) {
             object.find('span.cropped-indicator, button').remove();
 
             object.find('video').each((_, video) => {
-                video = $(video);
+                const $video = $(video);
 
-                if (!video.attr('src') && video.data('src')) {
-                    video.attr('src', video.data('src'));
-                    video.removeAttr('data-src');
-                    video.removeAttr('data-video-small');
-                    video.removeAttr('data-video-medium');
-                    video.removeAttr('data-video-large');
+                if (!$video.attr('src') && $video.data('src')) {
+                    $video.attr('src', $video.data('src') as string);
+                    $video.removeAttr('data-src');
+                    $video.removeAttr('data-video-small');
+                    $video.removeAttr('data-video-medium');
+                    $video.removeAttr('data-video-large');
                 }
             });
             object.find('img').each((_, img) => {
-                img = $(img);
+                const $img = $(img);
 
-                if (img.data('animated-url')) {
-                    img.attr('src', img.data('animated-url'));
-                    img.removeAttr('data-animated-url');
-                    img.removeAttr('srcset');
+                if ($img.data('animated-url')) {
+                    $img.attr('src', $img.data('animated-url') as string);
+                    $img.removeAttr('data-animated-url');
+                    $img.removeAttr('srcset');
                 }
 
-                if (!img.attr('src') && img.data('src')) {
-                    img.attr('src', img.data('src').split('?', 1)[0]);
-                    img.removeAttr('data-src');
+                if (!$img.attr('src') && $img.data('src')) {
+                    $img.attr('src', ($img.data('src') as string).split('?', 1)[0]);
+                    $img.removeAttr('data-src');
                 }
 
-                img.attr('src', img.attr('src').split('?', 1)[0]);
-                img.removeAttr('srcset');
-                img.removeAttr('data-srcset');
+                $img.attr('src', $img.attr('src')!.split('?', 1)[0]);
+                $img.removeAttr('srcset');
+                $img.removeAttr('data-srcset');
             });
             object.find('a').each((_, a) => {
-                a = $(a);
-                a.removeAttr('data-pswp-srcset');
+                const $a = $(a);
+                $a.removeAttr('data-pswp-srcset');
             });
 
             return object.html();
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function loadContent(link) {
     const description = renderShotDescription({
         shotMedia,
         shotData,
-        descriptionHtml: shotDescription.length ? shotDescription.html() : undefined,
+        descriptionHtml: shotDescription.length ? (shotDescription.html() ?? undefined) : undefined,
     });
 
     // Get the text content of the element with class 'shot-date' and convert it to a UTC string representation of a date
diff --git a/lib/routes/dtcj/datainsight.ts b/lib/routes/dtcj/datainsight.ts
index 8cbb8d78de..7f8c0ee72f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dtcj/datainsight.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dtcj/datainsight.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.info-2_P1UM a')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/duckdb/news.ts b/lib/routes/duckdb/news.ts
index 1e0621f96b..5271c32861 100644
--- a/lib/routes/duckdb/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/duckdb/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ async function handler() {
         // 使用“toArray()”方法将选择的所有 DOM 元素以数组的形式返回。
         .toArray()
         // 使用“map()”方法遍历数组，并从每个元素中解析需要的数据。
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3').text().trim(),
-                link: `https://duckdb.org${item.find('a.blocklink').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.date').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 0),
-                author: item.find('.author').text().trim(),
+                title: $item.find('h3').text().trim(),
+                link: `https://duckdb.org${$item.find('a.blocklink').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.date').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 0),
+                author: $item.find('.author').text().trim(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/duozhi/index.ts b/lib/routes/duozhi/index.ts
index 39688307bd..09145d03b1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/duozhi/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/duozhi/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.post-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a.post-title');
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1.subject-title').text();
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                           ]
                         : undefined,
                     intro: $$('div.subject-desc').text(),
-                    description: $$('div.subject-content').html(),
+                    description: $$('div.subject-content').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('div.subject-meta')
                     .text()
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: new URL('static/images/logo.png', baseUrl).href,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/duozhi/templates/description.tsx b/lib/routes/duozhi/templates/description.tsx
index 528e99d133..e6c3c256e5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/duozhi/templates/description.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/duozhi/templates/description.tsx
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ type DescriptionImage = {
 
 type DescriptionProps = {
     images?: DescriptionImage[];
+    intro?: string;
     description?: string;
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dut/index.ts b/lib/routes/dut/index.ts
index c8eb01810a..c29e88ed25 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dut/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dut/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -71,24 +71,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const result = {
-                link: item.attr('href').startsWith('http') ? item.attr('href') : `${rootUrl}/${item.attr('href').replace(/^[./]+/, '')}`,
+            const result: DataItem = {
+                link: $item.attr('href')!.startsWith('http') ? $item.attr('href') : `${rootUrl}/${$item.attr('href')!.replace(/^[./]+/, '')}`,
+                title: '',
             };
 
             if (site === 'fldpj') {
-                result.title = item.find('em').text();
-                result.pubDate = parseDate(item.find('span').text());
+                result.title = $item.find('em').text();
+                result.pubDate = parseDate($item.find('span').text());
             } else {
                 const dateRegex = /(\d{4}[/年-]\d{2}[/月-]\d{2})/;
 
-                let dateMatch = item.parent().text().match(dateRegex);
+                let dateMatch = $item.parent().text().match(dateRegex);
                 if (!dateMatch) {
-                    dateMatch = item.parent().parent().text().match(dateRegex);
+                    dateMatch = $item.parent().parent().text().match(dateRegex);
                 }
 
-                result.title = item.text().trim() === '' ? item.next().text() : item.text();
+                result.title = $item.text().trim() === '' ? $item.next().text() : $item.text();
                 if (dateMatch) {
                     result.pubDate = parseDate(dateMatch[1].replaceAll(/年|月/g, '-'));
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/dw/news.ts b/lib/routes/dw/news.ts
index bf7ea19241..25f2eea6bd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dw/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dw/news.ts
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const feed = response.data.data.content;
     cache.set('dw:navigation', feed.topStoriesNavigations, config.cache.routeExpire);
 
-    const list = feed.contentComposition.informationSpaces.flatMap((section) => Object.values(section).flatMap((component) => component[0]?.contents || [])).filter((item) => typenames.has(item.__typename) && item.id);
+    const list = feed.contentComposition.informationSpaces.flatMap((section) => Object.values<any>(section).flatMap((component) => component[0]?.contents || [])).filter((item) => typenames.has(item.__typename) && item.id);
     const items = await processItems(
         list.map((item) => {
             item.link = new URL(item.namedUrl, 'https://www.dw.com').href;
diff --git a/lib/routes/dw/rss.ts b/lib/routes/dw/rss.ts
index 34990c13ae..779e4cbca6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dw/rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dw/rss.ts
@@ -41,11 +41,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(`https://rss.dw.com/rdf/${category}`);
     const items = await processItems(
-        feed.items.map((item) => {
+        feed.items.map((item: any) => {
             item.id = item['dwsyn:contentID'];
             item.pubDate = item.isoDate;
             item.description = item.content;
-            const link = new URL(item.link);
+            const link = new URL(item.link!);
             link.search = '';
             item.link = link.href;
             item.type = link.pathname.slice(link.pathname.lastIndexOf('/') + 1).startsWith('live-') ? 'liveblog' : 'article'; // dw rss feed only includes liveblogs and articles
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
         item: items,
diff --git a/lib/routes/dx2025/index.ts b/lib/routes/dx2025/index.ts
index 0ca42a7733..31cd159fa2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dx2025/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dx2025/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -60,17 +60,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.entry-title a')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.author = content('.entry-author-name').text();
                 item.description = content('.bpp-post-content, .entry-content').html();
-                item.pubDate = new Date(content('.entry-date').attr('datetime')).toUTCString();
+                item.pubDate = new Date(content('.entry-date').attr('datetime')!).toUTCString();
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/dxy/types.ts b/lib/routes/dxy/types.ts
index 94b217471e..b514649156 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dxy/types.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dxy/types.ts
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ interface Post {
     id: number;
     rootId: number;
     createTime: number;
+    lastEditTime?: number;
     simpleBody: string;
     subject: string;
     body: string;
diff --git a/lib/routes/dxy/utils.ts b/lib/routes/dxy/utils.ts
index 0663a0a565..6a02228720 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dxy/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dxy/utils.ts
@@ -56,14 +56,14 @@ const getPost = (item) =>
         const $ = load(post.data.body, null, false);
 
         $('img').each((_, img) => {
-            img = $(img);
-            if (img.data('hsrc')) {
-                img.attr('src', img.data('hsrc'));
-                img.removeAttr('data-hsrc');
+            const $img = $(img);
+            if ($img.data('hsrc')) {
+                $img.attr('src', $img.data('hsrc') as string);
+                $img.removeAttr('data-hsrc');
             }
-            if (img.data('osrc')) {
-                img.attr('src', img.data('osrc'));
-                img.removeAttr('data-osrc');
+            if ($img.data('osrc')) {
+                $img.attr('src', $img.data('osrc') as string);
+                $img.removeAttr('data-osrc');
             }
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/dytt/index.ts b/lib/routes/dytt/index.ts
index 0801008dae..73c704313c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dytt/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dytt/index.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.co_content8 ul table')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a.ulink');
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     text: description,
                 },
                 updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link, {
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!, {
                         responseType: 'arrayBuffer',
                     });
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(iconv.decode(Buffer.from(detailResponse), 'gb2312'));
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const $enclosureEl: Cheerio<Element> = $descriptionEl.find('a[href^="magnet:"]').last();
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: new URL('images/logo.gif', baseUrl).href,
         author: title.split(/_/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/e-hentai/index.tsx b/lib/routes/e-hentai/index.tsx
index 6832229cc1..e042fb7102 100644
--- a/lib/routes/e-hentai/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/e-hentai/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -70,20 +70,20 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('table.gltc tbody tr')
         .slice(1, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) + 1 : needImages ? 16 : 26)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('div.glink').text(),
-                author: item.find('td.glhide div a').text(),
-                link: item.find('td.glname a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.ir').prev().text()),
-                category: item
+                title: $item.find('div.glink').text(),
+                author: $item.find('td.glhide div a').text(),
+                link: $item.find('td.glname a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.ir').prev().text()),
+                category: $item
                     .find('div.gt')
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((tag) => $(tag).attr('title').replace(/^:/, '')),
-                description: needImages ? '' : `<img src="${item.find('div.glthumb div img').attr('data-src') ?? item.find('div.glthumb div img').attr('src')}">`,
-                enclosure_url: needTorrents && item.find('div.gldown a img[title="Show torrents"]').length > 0 ? item.find('.gldown a').attr('href') : undefined,
+                    .map((tag) => $(tag).attr('title')!.replace(/^:/, '')),
+                description: needImages ? '' : `<img src="${$item.find('div.glthumb div img').attr('data-src') ?? $item.find('div.glthumb div img').attr('src')}">`,
+                enclosure_url: needTorrents && $item.find('div.gldown a img[title="Show torrents"]').length > 0 ? $item.find('.gldown a').attr('href') : undefined,
             };
         });
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         items.map(async (item) => {
             if (item.enclosure_url) {
                 let forms = '',
-                    torrents = await cache.get(item.enclosure_url);
+                    torrents: any = await cache.get(item.enclosure_url);
 
                 if (!torrents) {
                     const torrentResponse = await got({
@@ -102,15 +102,15 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                     const torrent = load(torrentResponse.data);
 
                     torrent('h1, input[name="torrent_info"]').remove();
-                    forms = torrent('form').parent().html();
+                    forms = torrent('form').parent().html() ?? '';
 
                     torrents = torrent('table tbody tr td a')
                         .toArray()
                         .map((t) => {
-                            t = torrent(t);
-                            return { link: t.attr('href'), title: t.text() };
+                            const $t = torrent(t);
+                            return { link: $t.attr('href'), title: $t.text() };
                         });
-                    cache.set(item.enclosure_url, torrents);
+                    cache.set(item.enclosure_url, torrents ?? '');
                 }
                 item.description += forms;
                 item.enclosure_url = torrents[0].link;
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
             }
 
             if (needImages) {
-                let images = await cache.get(item.link);
+                let images: any = await cache.get(item.link!);
 
                 if (!images) {
                     const imageResponse = await got({
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                         content('.gdtm a')
                             .toArray()
                             .map((i) =>
-                                cache.tryGet(content(i).attr('href'), async () => {
+                                cache.tryGet(content(i).attr('href')!, async () => {
                                     const imageResponse = await got({
                                         method: 'get',
                                         url: content(i).attr('href'),
@@ -140,11 +140,11 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
                                     const image = load(imageResponse.data);
 
-                                    return image('#img').attr('src');
+                                    return image('#img').attr('src')!;
                                 })
                             )
                     );
-                    cache.set(item.link, images);
+                    cache.set(item.link!, images);
                 }
                 item.description += renderToString(
                     <>
diff --git a/lib/routes/eagle/blog.ts b/lib/routes/eagle/blog.ts
index ec897d9b8c..037172f515 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eagle/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/eagle/blog.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const title = $('div.categories-list > div > div > div > ul > li.active').text();
     const list = $('div.post-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             title: $(item).find('div.title').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
+            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
             pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('div.metas > a > span').text().replace('・', '')),
         }));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/eagle/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/eagle/changelog.ts
index a132e2e569..6e72ec2767 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eagle/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/eagle/changelog.ts
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
         // 遍历此前获取的数据
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             // 对获取的日期进行格式化处理
             function getDate() {
-                const str = item.find('.date').text();
+                const str = $item.find('.date').text();
                 let date = '';
                 if (language === 'cn' || language === 'tw') {
                     const patt = /\d+/g;
@@ -86,11 +86,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             }
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.ver').text(),
-                description: item.find('.logs').html(),
+                title: $item.find('.ver').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.logs').html(),
                 link: `https://${language}.eagle.cool/changelog`,
                 pubDate: parseDate(getDate()),
-                guid: item.find('.ver').text(),
+                guid: $item.find('.ver').text(),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/earthquake/ceic.ts b/lib/routes/earthquake/ceic.ts
index 51f6acbbf8..043b8847bc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/earthquake/ceic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/earthquake/ceic.ts
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: `${baseUrl}/speedsearch`,
         allowEmpty: true,
         item: json.map((entity) => {
-            const contentBuilder = [];
+            const contentBuilder: string[] = [];
             const { NEW_DID, LOCATION_C, M, O_TIME } = entity;
             for (const mappingsKey in mappings) {
                 contentBuilder.push(`${mappings[mappingsKey]} ${entity[mappingsKey]}`);
diff --git a/lib/routes/eastday/24.ts b/lib/routes/eastday/24.ts
index 3d89b9aa94..8794e05bc9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eastday/24.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/eastday/24.ts
@@ -86,17 +86,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const pageNumber = Number.parseInt(detailResponse.data.match(/var page_num = '(\d+)'/)[1]);
 
                 item.description = content('#J-contain_detail_cnt').html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')!), 8);
 
                 if (pageNumber > 1) {
-                    const links = [];
+                    const links: any[] = [];
 
                     for (let i = 2; i <= pageNumber; i++) {
                         links.push(item.link.replace(/\.html/, () => `-${i}.html`));
                     }
 
                     for (const link of links) {
-                        cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+                        cache.tryGet<any>(link, async () => {
                             const pageResponse = await got({
                                 method: 'get',
                                 url: link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/eastday/sh.ts b/lib/routes/eastday/sh.ts
index 115be82e62..dbafc85f5d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eastday/sh.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/eastday/sh.ts
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     });
                     // 解析html内容
                     const $ = load(article.body);
-                    return $('.article_wrapper .mainLayer .content').html() || $('.contentBox .article .detail').html();
+                    return $('.article_wrapper .mainLayer .content').html() || $('.contentBox .article .detail').html() || '';
                 });
             } catch (error) {
                 logger.error(error);
diff --git a/lib/routes/eastmoney/report/index.tsx b/lib/routes/eastmoney/report/index.tsx
index 9b9c31cf8a..a85e63967d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eastmoney/report/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/eastmoney/report/index.tsx
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const initData = JSON.parse(
         $('script')
             .text()
-            .match(/var initdata(.=?)(.*?);/)[2]
+            .match(/var initdata(.=?)(.*?);/)![2]
     );
 
     const list = initData.data.map((item) => {
@@ -115,14 +115,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                                 <table>
                                     <tbody>
                                         <tr>
-                                            <th rowspan="2">股票代码</th>
-                                            <th rowspan="2">股票简称</th>
-                                            <th rowspan="2">报告名称</th>
-                                            <th rowspan="2">东财评级</th>
-                                            <th rowspan="2">评级变动</th>
-                                            <th colspan="2">{currentYear}盈利预测</th>
-                                            <th colspan="2">{nextYear}盈利预测</th>
-                                            <th rowspan="2">行业</th>
+                                            <th rowspan={2}>股票代码</th>
+                                            <th rowspan={2}>股票简称</th>
+                                            <th rowspan={2}>报告名称</th>
+                                            <th rowspan={2}>东财评级</th>
+                                            <th rowspan={2}>评级变动</th>
+                                            <th colspan={2}>{currentYear}盈利预测</th>
+                                            <th colspan={2}>{nextYear}盈利预测</th>
+                                            <th rowspan={2}>行业</th>
                                         </tr>
                                         <tr>
                                             <th>收益</th>
diff --git a/lib/routes/ebc/realtime.ts b/lib/routes/ebc/realtime.ts
index 0d748f341d..a5fe92a998 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ebc/realtime.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ebc/realtime.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     link: url,
                     pubDate: parseDate(metadata.datePublished),
                     author: metadata.author.name,
-                    description: cover.html() + content.html(),
+                    description: cover.html()! + content.html()!,
                     category: metadata.keywords ? [metadata.articleSection, ...metadata.keywords.split(',')] : [metadata.articleSection],
                 };
             })
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: '東森新聞|即時',
         link: category ? `https://news.ebc.net.tw/realtime/${category}` : 'https://news.ebc.net.tw/realtime',
-        language: 'zh-TW',
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/art.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/art.ts
index 3372229254..21e2221136 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/art.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/art.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.data-list > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('span').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/bksy.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/bksy.ts
index b8718061b5..38c3a7a851 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/bksy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/bksy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_date').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('.news_title').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/cee.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/cee.ts
index bedb8aae5c..9f6565a823 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/cee.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/cee.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_date').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('.news_title').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/chem.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/chem.ts
index 260e9ed26d..652181aaad 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/chem.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/chem.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.cols_list.clearfix > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.cols_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/chinese.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/chinese.ts
index 8cd7464e05..c901046cb6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/chinese.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/chinese.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                title: $(el).find('a').attr('title'),
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                title: $(el).find('a').attr('title')!,
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
             links.map((item) =>
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/comm.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/comm.ts
index b8fc9e6466..59095fef0e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/comm.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/comm.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/contest.tsx b/lib/routes/ecnu/contest.tsx
index 4cbe1394b5..7832c897d3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/contest.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/contest.tsx
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const $trList = $('div > div > table > tbody > tr');
     const items = $trList
-        .filter((_, el) => !publicOnly || $(el).find('i').attr('class').includes('green'))
+        .filter((_, el) => !publicOnly || $(el).find('i').attr('class')!.includes('green'))
         .toArray()
         .map((el) => {
             const $tdList = $(el).find('td');
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/cs.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/cs.ts
index f436597597..7c3d1a40a3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/cs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/cs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('div#wp_news_w6 ul.data-list > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('span').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/cxcy.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/cxcy.ts
index 6f757c857f..81e5d996a8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/cxcy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/cxcy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
 
         const filteredEls = $(`div.limit_style1[frag="${fragList[type].frag}"]`).find('table > tbody > tr > td').toArray();
-        const links = filteredEls.map((el) => ({
+        const links = filteredEls.map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.data').text()), 8),
-            link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+            link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
             title: $(el).find('.news_title').text(),
         }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/dase.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/dase.ts
index 2312611e97..3c0a587824 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/dase.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/dase.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/dx.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/dx.ts
index 33562b1652..e78cb24ee2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/dx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/dx.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/dxb.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/dxb.ts
index a9815bdfc4..56f6651e67 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/dxb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/dxb.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/ed.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/ed.ts
index 12ef35a34a..8f5ef1fb81 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/ed.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/ed.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/geoai.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/geoai.ts
index 1c5f986e64..778d8bf6d6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/geoai.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/geoai.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/ghcollege.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/ghcollege.ts
index ac0c5cee9d..036c53de2c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/ghcollege.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/ghcollege.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.wp_article_list > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.Article_PublishDate').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/history.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/history.ts
index c9da793dee..28648f8fa5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/history.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/history.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.data-list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('span').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/jiaoliu.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/jiaoliu.ts
index b35ecccc2d..e1ed2b453a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/jiaoliu.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/jiaoliu.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('#wp_news_w3 > table > tbody > tr')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('div[style="white-space:nowrap"]').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/jwc.ts
index 05602979ae..060065a9d6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/jwc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('.col_news_con ul.news_list > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_date').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/mks.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/mks.ts
index 8483a71cd9..21052013d6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/mks.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/mks.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_date').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('.news_title').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/mxcsy.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/mxcsy.ts
index 1d41464cb2..103a99af67 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/mxcsy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/mxcsy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.wp_article_list > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.Article_PublishDate').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/pharm.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/pharm.ts
index 30452a0a25..129a3e6fb3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/pharm.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/pharm.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/philo.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/philo.ts
index 643fc53c4b..b4a535a8f2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/philo.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/philo.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.data-list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('span').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/phy.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/phy.ts
index f181e3166c..9b4095a981 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/phy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/phy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.data-list > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('span').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                title: $(el).find('a').attr('title'),
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                title: $(el).find('a').attr('title')!,
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
             links.map((item) =>
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/psy.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/psy.ts
index acb08d10e4..5115e10046 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/psy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/psy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.wp_article_list > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.Article_PublishDate').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                title: $(el).find('a').attr('title'),
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                title: $(el).find('a').attr('title')!,
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
             links.map((item) =>
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/sees.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/sees.ts
index e9b5ab8199..cef150965d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/sees.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/sees.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/sei.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/sei.ts
index 2dd0c68d16..881ccf51a7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/sei.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/sei.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.data-list > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.data-list-time').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/spm.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/spm.ts
index 42ac25898a..cf2822189b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/spm.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/spm.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/stat.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/stat.ts
index 2d8de0c823..fd38a5b924 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/stat.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/stat.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                title: $(el).find('a').attr('title'),
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                title: $(el).find('a').attr('title')!,
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
             links.map((item) =>
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/tyxx.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/tyxx.ts
index 83169b7a93..9277e31bc9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/tyxx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/tyxx.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response.data);
         const links = $('ul.news_list.list2 > li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((el) => ({
+            .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news_meta').text()), 8),
-                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 title: $(el).find('a').text(),
             }));
         const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecnu/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/ecnu/yjs.ts
index d3eb0ca88d..a1d6f9c94b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecnu/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecnu/yjs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.subList li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('li a').text(),
-                link: item.find('li a').attr('href').replace('http:', 'https:'),
+                title: $item.find('li a').text(),
+                link: $item.find('li a').attr('href')!.replace('http:', 'https:'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/economist/espresso.ts b/lib/routes/economist/espresso.ts
index 56addc313a..bb443f8434 100644
--- a/lib/routes/economist/espresso.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/economist/espresso.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import sanitizeHtml from 'sanitize-html';
 import xxhash from 'xxhash-wasm';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler() {
         title: metadata.title,
         link,
         description: metadata.description,
-        language: 'en-gb',
+        language: 'en-gb' as Language,
         image: metadata.imageUrl,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/economist/full.ts b/lib/routes/economist/full.ts
index 814ce9e2cd..a411f12839 100644
--- a/lib/routes/economist/full.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/economist/full.ts
@@ -52,22 +52,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const limit = ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30;
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.slice(0, limit).map(async (item) => {
-            const path = item.link.slice(item.link.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
+            const path = item.link!.slice(item.link!.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
             const isNotCollection = !/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/.test(path);
             const itemDetails = isNotCollection ? await getArticleDetail(item.link) : null;
             return {
-                title: item.title,
-                description: isNotCollection ? itemDetails.article : item.content,
+                title: item.title!,
+                description: isNotCollection ? itemDetails!.article : item.content,
                 link: item.link,
                 guid: item.guid,
                 pubDate: item.pubDate,
-                category: isNotCollection ? itemDetails.categories : null,
+                category: isNotCollection ? itemDetails!.categories : null,
             };
         })
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
         item: items,
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecust/gschool/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/ecust/gschool/yjs.ts
index 67fef4f094..1901ecc46f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecust/gschool/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecust/gschool/yjs.ts
@@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                    link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.news_meta').text()),
+                    title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                    link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.news_meta').text()),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ecust/jwc/notice.ts b/lib/routes/ecust/jwc/notice.ts
index 5674de0226..769b039f8d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ecust/jwc/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ecust/jwc/notice.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -18,15 +18,15 @@ const get_from_link = async (link) => {
     const $ = load(response);
     const articleList = $('div#wp_news_w2 table[width="100%"]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const a = $(item).find('a');
             const date = $(item).find('div[style="white-space:nowrap"]').first();
             // deal with article_link
             let articleLink = a.attr('href');
-            if (!articleLink.startsWith('http')) {
+            if (!articleLink!.startsWith('http')) {
                 articleLink = `${baseUrl}${articleLink}`;
             }
-            articleLink = articleLink.replace(/^https:\/\/(\w+)-ecust-edu-cn-s\.sslvpn\.ecust\.edu\.cn:8118/, 'https://$1.ecust.edu.cn').replace(/^https:\/\/ecust-edu-cn-s\.sslvpn\.ecust\.edu\.cn:8118/, 'https://ecust.edu.cn');
+            articleLink = articleLink!.replace(/^https:\/\/(\w+)-ecust-edu-cn-s\.sslvpn\.ecust\.edu\.cn:8118/, 'https://$1.ecust.edu.cn').replace(/^https:\/\/ecust-edu-cn-s\.sslvpn\.ecust\.edu\.cn:8118/, 'https://ecust.edu.cn');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: articleLink,
diff --git a/lib/routes/eeo/kuaixun.ts b/lib/routes/eeo/kuaixun.ts
index e1e235caa4..5076164618 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eeo/kuaixun.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/eeo/kuaixun.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? timezone(parseDate(updated), 8) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1').first().text() || $$('h2.title').text() || item.title;
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.logo img').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[name="author"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ehentai/ehapi.ts b/lib/routes/ehentai/ehapi.ts
index 2909546fbc..e60155309c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ehentai/ehapi.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ehentai/ehapi.ts
@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ import path from 'node:path';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
 
-const headers = {};
+const headers: Record<string, any> = {};
 const has_cookie = config.ehentai.ipb_member_id && config.ehentai.ipb_pass_hash && config.ehentai.sk;
 const from_ex = has_cookie && config.ehentai.igneous;
 if (has_cookie) {
@@ -104,7 +105,12 @@ async function parsePage(cache, data, get_bittorrent = false, embed_thumb = fals
         }
         const description = `<img src='${thumbnail}' alt='thumbnail'>`;
         if (title && link) {
-            const item = { title, description, pubDate, link };
+            const item: DataItem & { bittorrent_page_url?: string } = {
+                title,
+                description,
+                pubDate,
+                link,
+            };
             if (get_bittorrent) {
                 const el_down = el.find('div.gldown');
                 const bittorrent_page_url = el_down.find('a').attr('href');
@@ -130,13 +136,13 @@ async function parsePage(cache, data, get_bittorrent = false, embed_thumb = fals
         }
     }
 
-    const item_Promises = [];
+    const item_Promises: Array<Promise<any>> = [];
     galleries.children().each((index, element) => {
         item_Promises.push(parseElement(cache, element));
     });
     const items_with_null = await Promise.all(item_Promises);
 
-    const items = [];
+    const items: any[] = [];
     for (const item of items_with_null) {
         if (item) {
             items.push(item);
diff --git a/lib/routes/ehentai/favorites.ts b/lib/routes/ehentai/favorites.ts
index fe16161c8d..bcac4aa078 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ehentai/favorites.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ehentai/favorites.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const bittorrent = routeParams.get('bittorrent') || false;
     const embed_thumb = routeParams.get('embed_thumb') || false;
     const inline_set = ctx.req.param('order') === 'posted' ? 'fs_p' : 'fs_f';
-    const items = await EhAPI.getFavoritesItems(cache, favcat, inline_set, page, bittorrent, embed_thumb);
+    const items = await EhAPI.getFavoritesItems(cache, favcat, inline_set, page, bittorrent as unknown as boolean, embed_thumb as unknown as boolean);
 
     return EhAPI.from_ex
         ? {
diff --git a/lib/routes/ehentai/search.ts b/lib/routes/ehentai/search.ts
index 81294f6db9..c979db82b7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ehentai/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ehentai/search.ts
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const page = ctx.req.param('page');
     let params = ctx.req.param('params');
     const routeParams = new URLSearchParams(ctx.req.param('routeParams'));
-    const bittorrent = routeParams.get('bittorrent') || false;
-    const embed_thumb = routeParams.get('embed_thumb') || false;
+    const bittorrent = (routeParams.get('bittorrent') || false) as unknown as boolean;
+    const embed_thumb = (routeParams.get('embed_thumb') || false) as unknown as boolean;
     let items;
     if (page) {
         // 如果定义了page，就要覆盖params
diff --git a/lib/routes/ehentai/tag.ts b/lib/routes/ehentai/tag.ts
index 686854cfaf..13f4999118 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ehentai/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ehentai/tag.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const routeParams = new URLSearchParams(ctx.req.param('routeParams'));
     const bittorrent = routeParams.get('bittorrent') || false;
     const embed_thumb = routeParams.get('embed_thumb') || false;
-    const items = await EhAPI.getTagItems(cache, tag, page, bittorrent, embed_thumb);
+    const items = await EhAPI.getTagItems(cache, tag, page, bittorrent as unknown as boolean, embed_thumb as unknown as boolean);
 
     return EhAPI.from_ex
         ? {
diff --git a/lib/routes/ekantipur/issue.ts b/lib/routes/ekantipur/issue.ts
index d9cb36e4c4..68837127b7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ekantipur/issue.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ekantipur/issue.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio'; // an HTML parser with a jQuery-like API
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 // Require necessary modules
 import got from '@/utils/got'; // a customised got
@@ -51,14 +51,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         // We use the `toArray()` method to retrieve all the DOM elements selected as an array.
         .toArray()
         // We use the `map()` method to traverse the array and parse the data we need from each element.
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 // We need an absolute URL for `link`, but `a.attr('href')` returns a relative URL.
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                author: item.find('div.author').text(),
+                author: $item.find('div.author').text(),
                 category: channel,
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/elasticsearch-cn/index.ts b/lib/routes/elasticsearch-cn/index.ts
index 4860663ece..5c277f378c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/elasticsearch-cn/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/elasticsearch-cn/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,23 +48,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.aw-question-content')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h4 a');
-            const pubDate = item.find('span.text-color-999').not('.pull-right').first().text().split('•').pop().trim();
+            const a = $item.find('h4 a');
+            const pubDate = $item.find('span.text-color-999').not('.pull-right').first().text().split('•').pop()!.trim();
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                author: item.find('.aw-user-name').text(),
+                author: $item.find('.aw-user-name').text(),
                 pubDate: timezone(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}/.test(pubDate) ? parseDate(pubDate) : parseRelativeDate(pubDate), 8),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/elecfans/article.ts b/lib/routes/elecfans/article.ts
index b9247e8676..d316296899 100644
--- a/lib/routes/elecfans/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/elecfans/article.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response);
         const list = $('#mainContent li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a').eq(1);
+            .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a').eq(1);
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
                     link: String(a.attr('href')),
diff --git a/lib/routes/elecfans/soft.ts b/lib/routes/elecfans/soft.ts
index 77c0249f82..3a35f91312 100644
--- a/lib/routes/elecfans/soft.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/elecfans/soft.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response);
         const list = $('#mainContent li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a').eq(1);
+            .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a').eq(1);
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
                     link: String(a.attr('href')),
diff --git a/lib/routes/elsevier/issue.ts b/lib/routes/elsevier/issue.ts
index 46804f2d7a..ab5a05db75 100644
--- a/lib/routes/elsevier/issue.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/elsevier/issue.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { CookieJar } from 'tough-cookie';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const jrnlName = $('.anchor.js-title-link').text();
     const list = $('.js-article')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { id?: string; authors: string; issue: string; abstract?: string } => {
             const title = $(item).find('.js-article-title').text();
             const authors = $(item).find('.js-article__item__authors').text();
             const link = $(item).find('.article-content-title').attr('href');
@@ -58,14 +58,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const renderDesc = (item) => renderDescription(item);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response2 = await got(`${host}/science/article/pii/${item.id}`, {
                     cookieJar,
                 });
 
                 const $2 = load(response2.data);
                 $2('.section-title').remove();
-                item.doi = $2('.doi').attr('href').replace('https://doi.org/', '');
+                item.doi = $2('.doi').attr('href')!.replace('https://doi.org/', '');
                 item.abstract = $2('.abstract.author').text();
                 item.description = renderDesc(item);
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/elsevier/journal.ts b/lib/routes/elsevier/journal.ts
index 622b7d3e4e..a73f1b4364 100644
--- a/lib/routes/elsevier/journal.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/elsevier/journal.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { CookieJar } from 'tough-cookie';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const issueUrl = `${host}${$('.link-anchor.u-clr-black').attr('href')}`;
     let issue = '';
     if (issueUrl.match('suppl') !== null) {
-        issue = 'Volume ' + issueUrl.match('vol/(.*)/suppl')[1];
+        issue = 'Volume ' + issueUrl.match('vol/(.*)/suppl')![1];
     } else if (issueUrl.match('issue') !== null) {
-        issue = 'Volume ' + issueUrl.match('vol/(.*)/issue')[1] + ' Issue ' + issueUrl.match('/issue/(.*)')[1];
+        issue = 'Volume ' + issueUrl.match('vol/(.*)/issue')![1] + ' Issue ' + issueUrl.match('/issue/(.*)')![1];
     }
 
     const response2 = await got(issueUrl, {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $2 = load(response2.data);
     const list = $2('.js-article')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { id?: string; authors: string; issue: string; abstract?: string } => {
             const title = $2(item).find('.js-article-title').text();
             const authors = $2(item).find('.js-article__item__authors').text();
             const link = $2(item).find('.article-content-title').attr('href');
@@ -68,13 +68,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const renderDesc = (item) => renderDescription(item);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response3 = await got(`${host}/science/article/pii/${item.id}`, {
                     cookieJar,
                 });
                 const $3 = load(response3.data);
                 $3('.section-title').remove();
-                item.doi = $3('.doi').attr('href').replace('https://doi.org/', '');
+                item.doi = $3('.doi').attr('href')!.replace('https://doi.org/', '');
                 item.abstract = $3('.abstract.author').text();
                 item.description = renderDesc(item);
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/embassy/index.ts b/lib/routes/embassy/index.ts
index d8aaee4f32..9a77cfe6d5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/embassy/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/embassy/index.ts
@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const res = await got(link);
     const $ = load(res.data);
 
-    const list = [];
+    const list: any[] = [];
 
     $(config.list)
         .slice(0, 10)
         .each((i, e) => {
-            const temp = new URL($(e).attr('href'), link);
+            const temp = new URL($(e).attr('href')!, link);
             if (temp.hostname === hostname) {
                 list.push(temp);
             }
diff --git a/lib/routes/engineering/tag.ts b/lib/routes/engineering/tag.ts
index 580c6316ac..a84d847fe4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/engineering/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/engineering/tag.ts
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('div.text-card-foreground')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').eq(2);
-            const description = item.find('.leading-relaxed');
-            const author = item.find('.truncate');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').eq(2);
+            const description = $item.find('.leading-relaxed');
+            const author = $item.find('.truncate');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/enterprisecraftsmanship/index.ts b/lib/routes/enterprisecraftsmanship/index.ts
index 6774cf3b1f..fec0b845ae 100644
--- a/lib/routes/enterprisecraftsmanship/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/enterprisecraftsmanship/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ async function handler() {
 
     let items = $('.postIndexItem')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const title = $item.find('.title a').text().trim();
-            const link = new URL($item.find('.title a').attr('href'), currentUrl).href;
+            const link = new URL($item.find('.title a').attr('href')!, currentUrl).href;
             const dateStr = $item.find('.date').text().trim();
             const pubDate = parseDate(dateStr);
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                     const $detail = load(detailResponse.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/eprice/rss.tsx b/lib/routes/eprice/rss.tsx
index ad8a2f95ba..b125d61520 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eprice/rss.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/eprice/rss.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(`https://www.eprice.com.${region}/news/rss.xml`);
 
     for (const e of feed.items) {
-        e.link = e.link.replace(/^http:\/\//i, 'https://');
+        e.link = e.link!.replace(/^http:\/\//i, 'https://');
     }
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $ = load(response.data);
@@ -67,23 +67,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 // fix lazyload image
                 $('a').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = $(e);
-                    if (e.attr('href') && e.attr('href').endsWith('.jpg')) {
-                        e.after(
+                    const $e = $(e);
+                    if ($e.attr('href') && $e.attr('href')!.endsWith('.jpg')) {
+                        $e.after(
                             renderToString(
                                 <figure>
-                                    <img src={e.attr('href')} alt={e.attr('title') ?? ''} title={e.attr('title') ?? ''} />
-                                    <figcaption>{e.attr('title') ?? ''}</figcaption>
+                                    <img src={$e.attr('href')} alt={$e.attr('title') ?? ''} title={$e.attr('title') ?? ''} />
+                                    <figcaption>{$e.attr('title') ?? ''}</figcaption>
                                 </figure>
                             )
                         );
-                        e.remove();
+                        $e.remove();
                     }
                 });
                 $('img').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = $(e);
-                    if (e.attr('data-original')) {
-                        e.attr('src', e.attr('data-original'));
+                    const $e = $(e);
+                    if ($e.attr('data-original')) {
+                        $e.attr('src', $e.attr('data-original'));
                     }
                 });
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 // tw || tw || hk || hk || hk
                 item.description = $('div.user-comment-block').html() || $('div.content').html() || $('li.inner').html() || $('div.section-content').html() || $('.article__content').html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate);
+                (item as DataItem).pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate!);
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -105,11 +105,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     const ret = {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
-        item: items,
-        image: feed.image.url,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
+        image: feed.image!.url,
         language: feed.language,
     };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/eshukan/academic.ts b/lib/routes/eshukan/academic.ts
index 2fab9c680a..8dcece168f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eshukan/academic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/eshukan/academic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -22,46 +22,46 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('ul.article li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             const title = a.contents().last().text();
-            const pubDate = item
+            const pubDate = $item
                 .find('p span')
                 .text()
                 .match(/(\d{4}\/\d{2}\/\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})/)?.[1];
 
-            item.find('p span').remove();
+            $item.find('p span').remove();
 
             const description = renderDescription({
-                intro: item.find('p').text(),
+                intro: $item.find('p').text(),
             });
 
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
                 pubDate: pubDate ? timezone(parseDate(pubDate), 8) : undefined,
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
                 content: {
                     html: description,
-                    text: item.find('p').text(),
+                    text: $item.find('p').text(),
                 },
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title = $$('h1').text();
                 const description = renderDescription({
-                    intro: $$('div.summary').html(),
-                    description: $$('div.detail').html(),
+                    intro: $$('div.summary').html() ?? undefined,
+                    description: $$('div.detail').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 const pubDate = $$('div.author')
                     .text()
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
         {
             source: ['www.eshukan.com/academic/index.aspx'],
             target: (_, url) => {
-                url = new URL(url);
-                const id = url.searchParams.get('id');
+                const { searchParams } = new URL(url);
+                const id = searchParams.get('id');
 
                 return `/academic${id ? `/${id}` : ''}`;
             },
diff --git a/lib/routes/espn/news.tsx b/lib/routes/espn/news.tsx
index e57b6fd299..c6a3a9cc99 100644
--- a/lib/routes/espn/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/espn/news.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
@@ -114,12 +115,13 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
                         const $ = load(article.content.story, null, false);
                         $('*').each((_, ele) => {
-                            if (junkPattern.test(ele.name)) {
+                            const { name } = ele as Element;
+                            if (junkPattern.test(name)) {
                                 $(ele).remove();
                             }
-                            if (mediaPattern.test(ele.name)) {
-                                const mediaType = ele.name.match(mediaPattern)[1] === 'photo' ? 'images' : 'video';
-                                const mediaIndex = Number.parseInt(ele.name.match(mediaPattern)[2]) - 1;
+                            if (mediaPattern.test(name)) {
+                                const mediaType = name.match(mediaPattern)![1] === 'photo' ? 'images' : 'video';
+                                const mediaIndex = Number.parseInt(name.match(mediaPattern)![2]) - 1;
                                 const media = article.content[mediaType][mediaIndex];
                                 if (media) {
                                     $(ele).replaceWith(renderMedia(media));
diff --git a/lib/routes/esquirehk/tag.tsx b/lib/routes/esquirehk/tag.tsx
index fdf2e12e9d..0e8498f2ab 100644
--- a/lib/routes/esquirehk/tag.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/esquirehk/tag.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import type { JSX } from 'hono/jsx/jsx-runtime';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -30,23 +30,23 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
         ...$('div[class^="max-w-[100%]"] > div > div:nth-child(2) > a')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.text().trim(),
-                    link: new URL(item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                    title: $item.text().trim(),
+                    link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
                 };
             }),
         ...$('div.list-item > div > div:nth-child(2) > a')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.text().trim(),
-                    link: new URL(item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                    title: $item.text().trim(),
+                    link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
                 };
             }),
     ]
-        .map((item) => ({
+        .map((item): DataItem & { slug: string; link: string } => ({
             ...item,
             slug: item.link.replace(rootUrl, ''),
         }))
diff --git a/lib/routes/europechinese/latest.ts b/lib/routes/europechinese/latest.ts
index 5fa748a4cd..1d38a279e7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/europechinese/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/europechinese/latest.ts
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async function handler() {
             const title = $(item).find('a').text();
             const link = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
 
-            return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+            return cache.tryGet(link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 $('div.widget-content').remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/eventbrite/events.ts b/lib/routes/eventbrite/events.ts
index 13a3b0677a..1bfac88ce0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eventbrite/events.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/eventbrite/events.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
             if (eventData === undefined) {
                 const pElements = el.find('p');
                 return {
-                    title: fallbackTitle,
+                    title: fallbackTitle ?? '',
                     author: pElements.length > 1 ? $(pElements[1]).text() : undefined,
                 };
             }
diff --git a/lib/routes/everia/category.ts b/lib/routes/everia/category.ts
index 7b4ffb3ee7..a0cfa3921f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/everia/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/everia/category.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             itemRaw.map((e) => {
                 const item = $(e);
                 const link = item.find('h2.entry-title a').attr('href');
-                return cache.tryGet(link, () => loadArticle(link));
+                return cache.tryGet(link!, () => loadArticle(link));
             })
         ),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/everia/latest.ts b/lib/routes/everia/latest.ts
index f6469292be..6644328505 100644
--- a/lib/routes/everia/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/everia/latest.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             itemRaw.map((e) => {
                 const item = $(e);
                 const link = item.find('h2.entry-title a').attr('href');
-                return cache.tryGet(link, () => loadArticle(link));
+                return cache.tryGet(link!, () => loadArticle(link));
             })
         ),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/everia/search.ts b/lib/routes/everia/search.ts
index b58afcc16a..20e33bfbc6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/everia/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/everia/search.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             itemRaw.map((e) => {
                 const item = $(e);
                 const link = item.find('h2.entry-title a').attr('href');
-                return cache.tryGet(link, () => loadArticle(link));
+                return cache.tryGet(link!, () => loadArticle(link));
             })
         ),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/everia/tag.ts b/lib/routes/everia/tag.ts
index b6d92a1dac..1b560b0f85 100644
--- a/lib/routes/everia/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/everia/tag.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             itemRaw.map((e) => {
                 const item = $(e);
                 const link = item.find('h2.entry-title a').attr('href');
-                return cache.tryGet(link, () => loadArticle(link));
+                return cache.tryGet(link!, () => loadArticle(link));
             })
         ),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/expats/czech-news.ts b/lib/routes/expats/czech-news.ts
index 6e58ded6e8..6082a69063 100644
--- a/lib/routes/expats/czech-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/expats/czech-news.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.main h3 a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const processedItem: DataItem = {
                 title: $el.text(),
                 link: new URL($el.attr('href') as string, baseUrl).href,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 $$('div.promo-widget, div.eas').remove();
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/f-droid/apprelease.ts b/lib/routes/f-droid/apprelease.ts
index a6caf5866d..78a91e7d81 100644
--- a/lib/routes/f-droid/apprelease.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/f-droid/apprelease.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const a = $item.find('.package-version-header a');
             const version = a.eq(0).attr('name');
             return {
-                title: version,
+                title: version!,
                 guid: a.eq(1).attr('name'),
                 pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.package-version-header').text().split('Added on ', 2)[1]),
                 description: [$item.find('.package-version-download').html(), $item.find('.package-version-requirement').html(), $item.find('.package-version-source').html()].join('<br>'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/f95zone/thread.ts b/lib/routes/f95zone/thread.ts
index 6d28b413e0..f8a3a95839 100644
--- a/lib/routes/f95zone/thread.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/f95zone/thread.ts
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ Note: If you want to track a specific post's content changes (e.g., first post w
                         author,
                     };
                 })
-                .filter(Boolean);
+                .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[];
 
         // Extract posts from the first page
         const allPosts: DataItem[] = [...extractPosts($firstPage)];
diff --git a/lib/routes/famitsu/category.tsx b/lib/routes/famitsu/category.tsx
index 147b397981..16d3e082a2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/famitsu/category.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/famitsu/category.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = (data.pageProps.categoryArticleDataForPc as CategoryArticle[])
         .filter((item) => !item.advertiserName)
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string; publicationDate: string | undefined; articleId: string } => {
             const publicationDate = item.publishedAt?.slice(0, 7).replace('-', '');
             return {
                 title: item.title,
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: 'https://www.famitsu.com/img/1812/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png',
         link: url,
         item: items,
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/fangchan/list.tsx b/lib/routes/fangchan/list.tsx
index a240cd1a5c..1bc6a5f8c1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fangchan/list.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/fangchan/list.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             description,
             pubDate: pubDate ? parseDate(pubDate, 'X') : undefined,
             link: linkUrl,
-            id: categories,
+            id: categories as unknown as string,
             content: {
                 html: description,
                 text: item.zhaiyao ?? description,
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated, 'X') : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.summary-text h').text();
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         .text()
                         .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}/)?.[1];
                     const idEls: Element[] = $$('a.news-column, div.label span').toArray();
-                    const categories: string[] = [...new Set([...(item.id as string[]), ...idEls.map((el) => $$(el).text()).filter(Boolean)].filter(Boolean))];
+                    const categories: string[] = [...new Set([...(item.id as unknown as string[]), ...idEls.map((el) => $$(el).text()).filter(Boolean)].filter(Boolean))];
                     const authors: DataItem['author'] = $$('span.news-date')
                         .text()
                         ?.split(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/, 1)?.[0]
@@ -91,14 +91,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         title,
                         description,
                         pubDate: pubDateStr ? timezone(parseDate(pubDateStr), 8) : item.pubDate,
-                        id: categories,
+                        id: categories as unknown as string,
                         author: authors,
                         content: {
                             html: description,
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const extraLinkEls: Element[] = $$('ul.xgxw-ul li a').toArray();
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/fansly/post.ts b/lib/routes/fansly/post.ts
index 088b7e3fd2..c981e1708e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fansly/post.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fansly/post.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
 import { baseUrl, getAccountByUsername, getTimelineByAccountId, parseDescription } from './utils';
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: account.banner.locations[0].location,
         icon: account.avatar.locations[0].location,
         logo: account.avatar.locations[0].location,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         allowEmpty: true,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/fansly/tag.ts b/lib/routes/fansly/tag.ts
index 15be428cc5..49af8fdac6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fansly/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fansly/tag.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
 import { baseUrl, findAccountById, getTagId, getTagSuggestion, icon, parseDescription } from './utils';
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: icon,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/fantube/creator.tsx b/lib/routes/fantube/creator.tsx
index b0159c6fd1..ac077cf075 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fantube/creator.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/fantube/creator.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
 import { baseUrl, getCreatorFragment, getCreatorPostReelList } from './utils';
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ const renderDescription = ({ description, thumbnailUrl, sampleVideoId, imageUrls
                             src={`https://customer-7d4xajfg7g3ps2lm.cloudflarestream.com/${sampleVideoId}/iframe`}
                             style="border: none; position: absolute; top: 0; height: 100%; width: 100%"
                             allow="accelerometer; gyroscope; autoplay; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture;"
-                            allowfullscreen="true"
+                            allowfullscreen
                         ></iframe>
                     </div>
                     <br />
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: creatorInfo.avatarImageUrl,
         icon: creatorInfo.avatarImageUrl,
         logo: creatorInfo.avatarImageUrl,
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/fanxinzhui/index.tsx b/lib/routes/fanxinzhui/index.tsx
index a57bf7fea9..fddc046eb7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fanxinzhui/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/fanxinzhui/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,17 +38,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const season = item.find('span.season').text();
-            const name = item.find('span.name').text();
-            const link = new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const season = $item.find('span.season').text();
+            const name = $item.find('span.name').text();
+            const link = new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
             return {
                 title: `${season} ${name}`,
                 link,
                 guid: `${link}#${season}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span.time').text()), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span.time').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
@@ -59,31 +59,31 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
-                item.author = undefined;
-                item.category = [];
+                let author: string | undefined;
+                let category: string[] = [];
 
                 content('div.info ul li').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = content(el);
+                    const $el = content(el);
 
-                    const key = el.find('span').text().split(/:/, 1)[0];
-                    const value = el.contents().last().text().trim();
+                    const key = $el.find('span').text().split(/:/, 1)[0];
+                    const value = $el.contents().last().text().trim();
 
                     if (key === '类型') {
-                        item.category = [...item.category, ...value.split(/\//)];
+                        category = [...category, ...value.split(/\//)];
                     } else if (key === '首播日期') {
                         return;
                     } else {
-                        item.author = `${item.author ? `${item.author}/` : ''}${value}`;
-                        item.category = [...item.category, ...value.split(/\//)].filter((c) => c !== '等');
+                        author = `${author ? `${author}/` : ''}${value}`;
+                        category = [...category, ...value.split(/\//)].filter((c) => c !== '等');
                     }
                 });
 
                 content('div.image').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = content(el);
+                    const $el = content(el);
 
-                    const image = el.find('img').prop('src');
+                    const image = $el.find('img').prop('src');
 
-                    el.replaceWith(
+                    $el.replaceWith(
                         renderDescription(
                             image
                                 ? [
@@ -98,28 +98,31 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 });
 
                 content('a.password').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = content(el);
+                    const $el = content(el);
 
-                    el.replaceWith(el.text());
+                    $el.replaceWith($el.text());
                 });
 
-                item.description = content('div.middle_box').html();
-                item.enclosure_url = content('p.way span a').prop('href');
-
-                return item;
+                return {
+                    ...item,
+                    author,
+                    category,
+                    description: content('div.middle_box').html(),
+                    enclosure_url: content('p.way span a').prop('href'),
+                };
             })
         )
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('img.logo').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('img.logo').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         author: title.split(/_/).pop(),
         allowEmpty: true,
diff --git a/lib/routes/farmatters/index.tsx b/lib/routes/farmatters/index.tsx
index b8b2b3f7df..457cccedd9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/farmatters/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/farmatters/index.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const { type, id, locale = 'zh-CN' } = ctx.req.param();
     const limit = ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50;
 
-    const searchParams = {
+    const searchParams: Record<string, string | number> = {
         locale,
         page: 0,
         pagesize: limit,
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${$('title').text().split(/-/, 1)[0].trim()} - ${subtitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
-        image: new URL($('img').first().prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
+        image: new URL($('img').first().prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle,
diff --git a/lib/routes/fashionnetwork/index.ts b/lib/routes/fashionnetwork/index.ts
index 807a74e864..e9714be964 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fashionnetwork/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fashionnetwork/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.home__item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('h2.family-title').text();
+            const title = $item.find('h2.family-title').text();
 
-            const src = item.find('img.item__img').prop('src') ?? undefined;
+            const src = $item.find('img.item__img').prop('src') ?? undefined;
             const image = src ? new URL(src, rootUrl).href : undefined;
 
             const description = renderDescription({
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
-                link: new URL(item.find('h2.family-title a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($item.find('h2.family-title a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
                 enclosure_url: image,
                 enclosure_type: image ? `image/${image.split(/\./).pop()}` : undefined,
                 enclosure_title: title,
@@ -58,14 +58,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title = $$('h1.newsTitle').text();
                 const description = renderDescription({
-                    description: $$('div.article-content').html(),
+                    description: $$('div.article-content').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
 
                 item.title = title;
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.article-content').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const label = $(`label[for="news_categs_${id}"]`).text()?.split(/\(/, 1)?.[0]?.trim() ?? '';
-    const image = new URL($('div.header__fnw-logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.header__fnw-logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: `${label}${$('title').text()}`,
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[name="author"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/fastbull/express-news.ts b/lib/routes/fastbull/express-news.ts
index 83354cd154..fa843d33bd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fastbull/express-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fastbull/express-news.ts
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('.news-list')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title_name').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(Number.parseInt(item.attr('data-date'))),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.find('.title_name').attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('.title_name').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate(Number.parseInt($item.attr('data-date')!)),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.find('.title_name').attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/fastbull/news.tsx b/lib/routes/fastbull/news.tsx
index 0dc3d54d17..6ecd94d123 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fastbull/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/fastbull/news.tsx
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@ async function handler() {
     let items = $('.trending_type')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                author: item.find('.resource').text(),
-                description: item.find('.tips').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(Number.parseInt(item.find('.new_time').attr('data-date'))),
+                title: $item.find('.title').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                author: $item.find('.resource').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.tips').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate(Number.parseInt($item.find('.new_time').attr('data-date')!)),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/fcbayern/news.ts b/lib/routes/fcbayern/news.ts
index 131f0f2614..3dcd124e4e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fcbayern/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fcbayern/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
     return {
         title: 'FC Bayern München - News',
         link: `${baseUrl}/${language}/news`,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         image: `${baseUrl}/favicon.ico`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/fda/cdrh.ts b/lib/routes/fda/cdrh.ts
index 8cdafc455d..16ecdc53b7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fda/cdrh.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fda/cdrh.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,14 +37,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('div[role="main"] a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
             };
         });
 
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.author = content('meta[property="article:publisher"]').attr('content');
 
                 try {
-                    item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content').split(', ').pop(), 'MM/DD/YYYY - HH:mm');
+                    item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!.split(', ').pop()!, 'MM/DD/YYYY - HH:mm');
                 } catch {
-                    item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content'));
+                    item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!);
                 }
 
                 item.description = titleOnly ? null : content('div[role="main"], .doc-content-area').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/fediverse/timeline.ts b/lib/routes/fediverse/timeline.ts
index bf2bcdbdff..7cdafad613 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fediverse/timeline.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fediverse/timeline.ts
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             image: officialFeed.image?.url,
             link: officialFeed.link,
             item: officialFeed.items.map((item) => ({
-                title: item.title,
+                title: item.title!,
                 description: item.content,
                 link: item.link,
                 pubDate: item.pubDate ? parseDate(item.pubDate) : null,
diff --git a/lib/routes/feng/forum.tsx b/lib/routes/feng/forum.tsx
index 23d33c5f1a..385bf776ef 100644
--- a/lib/routes/feng/forum.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/feng/forum.tsx
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const topicId = Number(ctx.req.param('id'));
     const { type = 'all' } = ctx.req.param();
 
-    const forumMeta = await getForumMeta(topicId);
+    const forumMeta = (await getForumMeta(topicId)) as Record<string, any>;
     const topicMeta = forumMeta.dataList.find((data) => data.topicId === topicId);
     const threads = (await getThreads(topicId, type)).data.dataList.map((data) => ({
         title: data.title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/feng/utils.ts b/lib/routes/feng/utils.ts
index f640e84dcd..f5c091a7b2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/feng/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/feng/utils.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const getCategory = (topicId) => {
 
 const getForumMeta = async (topicId) => {
     const categoryData = await getCategory(topicId);
-    return Object.values(categoryData.data.dataList).find((item) => item.dataList.find((i) => i.topicId === topicId));
+    return Object.values<any>(categoryData.data.dataList).find((item) => item.dataList.find((i) => i.topicId === topicId));
 };
 
 const getThreads = (topicId, type) => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/ff14/ff14-global.ts b/lib/routes/ff14/ff14-global.ts
index f5fb82b021..5cf19d889e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ff14/ff14-global.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ff14/ff14-global.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let data;
     if (type === 'all') {
         data = [];
-        for (const arr of Object.values(response.data)) {
+        for (const arr of Object.values(response.data) as unknown[][]) {
             data = [...data, ...arr];
         }
     } else {
diff --git a/lib/routes/finviz/news.ts b/lib/routes/finviz/news.ts
index c34208a116..1df093ad1d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/finviz/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/finviz/news.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -66,15 +66,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a.nn-tab-link');
+            const a = $item.find('a.nn-tab-link');
 
             const descriptionMatches = a
                 .parent()
                 .prop('data-boxover')
                 ?.match(/<td class='news_tooltip-tab'>(.*?)<\/td>/);
-            const authorMatches = item
+            const authorMatches = $item
                 .find('use')
                 .first()
                 .prop('href')
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 link: a.prop('href'),
                 description: descriptionMatches ? descriptionMatches[1] : undefined,
                 author: authorMatches ? authorMatches[1].replaceAll('-', ' ') : 'finviz',
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('td.news_date-cell').text(), ['HH:mmA', 'MMM-DD']), -4),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('td.news_date-cell').text(), ['HH:mmA', 'MMM-DD']), -4),
             };
         })
         .filter((item) => item.title);
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `finviz - ${category}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'en-US',
-        image: new URL($('a.logo svg use').first().prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
+        image: new URL($('a.logo svg use').first().prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('title').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/firecore/index.ts b/lib/routes/firecore/index.ts
index 5ea112fb73..f5be8eae42 100644
--- a/lib/routes/firecore/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/firecore/index.ts
@@ -30,15 +30,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('.release-date')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item
                 .parent()
                 .contents()
                 .filter((_, el) => el.nodeType === 3)
                 .text();
-            const pubDate = parseDate(item.text().match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)[1]);
+            const pubDate = parseDate($item.text().match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)![1]);
 
-            const next = item.parent().nextUntil('hr');
+            const next = $item.parent().nextUntil('hr');
             return {
                 title,
                 description: next
diff --git a/lib/routes/firefox/breaches.ts b/lib/routes/firefox/breaches.ts
index 9a8d95ef22..5dea15093f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/firefox/breaches.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/firefox/breaches.ts
@@ -38,14 +38,14 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('.breach-card')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            item.find('.breach-detail-link').remove();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            $item.find('.breach-detail-link').remove();
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3 span').last().text(),
-                description: item.find('.breach-main').html(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.breach-main div dd').first().text()), 0),
-                category: item
+                title: $item.find('h3 span').last().text(),
+                description: $item.find('.breach-main').html(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.breach-main div dd').first().text()), 0),
+                category: $item
                     .find('.breach-main div dd')
                     .last()
                     .text()
diff --git a/lib/routes/fishshell/index.ts b/lib/routes/fishshell/index.ts
index b9433ba862..ac8d5483ce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fishshell/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fishshell/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         link,
         title: 'Release notes — fish-shell',
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: $('#release-notes > section')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 const date = title.match(/\(released (.+?)\)/)?.[1];
                 return {
                     title,
-                    link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), link).href,
+                    link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, link).href,
                     pubDate: date ? parseDate(date, 'MMMM D, YYYY') : undefined,
                     description: $(item).html(),
                 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/fjdaily/index.ts b/lib/routes/fjdaily/index.ts
index 77c32d336e..effb2ded6f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fjdaily/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fjdaily/index.ts
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 category: [currentCategory.replace(/^\d+版\s*/, '')],
             };
         })
-        .filter((item): item is DataItem => item !== undefined);
+        .filter((item) => item !== undefined);
 
     if (list.length === 0) {
         throw new Error(`No articles were found for ${yearMonth}${day}.`);
diff --git a/lib/routes/fjksbm/index.ts b/lib/routes/fjksbm/index.ts
index 364ed25b88..e8cd76485c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fjksbm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fjksbm/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,19 +45,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(response.data);
 
-    const list = (isNumber ? $('.panel-body').eq(id).find('.examName a') : $('.panel-body ul li a')).toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const link = item.attr('href');
+    const list = (isNumber ? $('.panel-body').eq(id).find('.examName a') : $('.panel-body ul li a')).toArray().map((item): DataItem => {
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const link = $item.attr('href');
 
         return {
-            title: item.text(),
-            link: link.startsWith('//') ? (link.startsWith('https') ? link : `https:${link}`) : `${rootUrl}${link}/news/bulletin`,
+            title: $item.text(),
+            link: link!.startsWith('//') ? (link!.startsWith('https') ? link : `https:${link}`) : `${rootUrl}${link}/news/bulletin`,
         };
     });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/flyert/forum.ts b/lib/routes/flyert/forum.ts
index 12474b0e60..7a9afeeffd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/flyert/forum.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/flyert/forum.ts
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         {
             source: ['www.flyert.com.cn/forum.php'],
             target: (_, url) => {
-                const params = url.searchParams
+                const params = new URL(url).searchParams
                     .entries()
                     .toArray()
                     .map(([key, value]) => key + '=' + value)
diff --git a/lib/routes/flyert/preferential.ts b/lib/routes/flyert/preferential.ts
index b18417a0d0..42b3834c03 100644
--- a/lib/routes/flyert/preferential.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/flyert/preferential.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,15 +43,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(gbk2utf8(response.data));
     const list = $('.comiis_wzli')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('.wzbt').text(),
-            link: `${host}/${$(item).find('.wzbt a').attr('href')}`,
-            description: $(item).find('.wznr > div:first-child').text(),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('.wzbt').text(),
+                link: `${host}/${$(item).find('.wzbt a').attr('href')}`,
+                description: $(item).find('.wznr > div:first-child').text(),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link, {
                     responseType: 'buffer',
                 });
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 // remove top ad
                 content('div.artical_top').remove();
 
-                item.description = content('#artMain').html();
+                item.description = content('#artMain').html() ?? '';
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('p.xg1 > span:nth-child(1)').attr('title') || content('p.xg1').text().split('|', 1)[0], 'YYYY-M-D HH:mm'), 8);
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/flyert/util.ts b/lib/routes/flyert/util.ts
index 4369beae26..988ede463e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/flyert/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/flyert/util.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
 
@@ -18,10 +19,10 @@ const parseArticleList = ($: CheerioAPI, limit: number) =>
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('div.wzbt').text().trim();
-            const image = item.find('div.wzpic img').prop('src');
+            const title = $item.find('div.wzbt').text().trim();
+            const image = $item.find('div.wzpic img').prop('src');
             const description = renderDescription({
                 images: image
                     ? [
@@ -31,20 +32,20 @@ const parseArticleList = ($: CheerioAPI, limit: number) =>
                           },
                       ]
                     : undefined,
-                description: item.find('div.wznr').html(),
+                description: $item.find('div.wznr').html() ?? undefined,
             });
-            const pubDate = item.find('div.subcat span.y').contents()?.eq(2)?.text().trim() ?? undefined;
-            const link = new URL(item.find('div.wzbt a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const pubDate = $item.find('div.subcat span.y').contents()?.eq(2)?.text().trim() ?? undefined;
+            const link = new URL($item.find('div.wzbt a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
                 pubDate: pubDate ? parseDate(pubDate) : undefined,
                 link,
-                author: item.find('div.subcat span.y a').text(),
+                author: $item.find('div.subcat span.y a').text(),
                 content: {
                     html: description,
-                    text: item.find('div.wznr').text(),
+                    text: $item.find('div.wznr').text(),
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
@@ -61,41 +62,41 @@ const parsePostList = ($: CheerioAPI, limit: number) =>
     $('div.comiis_postlist')
         .toArray()
         .filter((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            return item
+            return $item
                 .find('span.comiis_common a[data-track]')
                 .toArray()
                 .some((a) => {
-                    a = $(a);
+                    const $a = $(a);
 
-                    const dataTrack = a.attr('data-track') || '';
+                    const dataTrack = $a.attr('data-track') || '';
                     return dataTrack.endsWith('文章');
                 });
         })
         .slice(0, limit)
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             const aEl = $(
-                item
+                $item
                     .find('span.comiis_common a[data-track]')
                     .toArray()
                     .find((a) => {
-                        a = $(a);
+                        const $a = $(a);
 
-                        const dataTrack = a.attr('data-track') || '';
+                        const dataTrack = $a.attr('data-track') || '';
                         return dataTrack.endsWith('文章');
                     })
             );
 
-            const pubDate = item.find('span.author_b span').prop('title') || undefined;
+            const pubDate = $item.find('span.author_b span').prop('title') || undefined;
 
             return {
                 title: aEl.text().trim(),
                 pubDate: pubDate ? parseDate(pubDate) : undefined,
-                link: new URL(aEl.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                author: item.find('a.author_t').text().trim(),
+                link: new URL(aEl.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                author: $item.find('a.author_t').text().trim(),
             };
         });
 
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ const parseArticle = ($$: CheerioAPI, item) => {
     const title = $$('h1.ph').text().trim();
     const description = renderDescription({
         intro: $$('div.s').text() || undefined,
-        description: $$('div#artMain').html(),
+        description: $$('div#artMain').html() ?? undefined,
     });
     const pubDate =
         $$('p.xg1')
@@ -142,16 +143,16 @@ const parseArticle = ($$: CheerioAPI, item) => {
  */
 const parsePost = ($$: CheerioAPI, item) => {
     $$('img.zoom').each((_, el) => {
-        el = $$(el);
+        const $el = $$(el);
 
-        el.replaceWith(
+        $el.replaceWith(
             renderDescription({
                 images:
-                    el.prop('zoomfile') || el.prop('file')
+                    $el.prop('zoomfile') || $el.prop('file')
                         ? [
                               {
-                                  src: el.prop('zoomfile') || el.prop('file'),
-                                  alt: el.prop('alt') || el.prop('title'),
+                                  src: $el.prop('zoomfile') || $el.prop('file'),
+                                  alt: $el.prop('alt') || $el.prop('title'),
                               },
                           ]
                         : undefined,
diff --git a/lib/routes/flyert/utils.ts b/lib/routes/flyert/utils.ts
index 8ba132b8f7..ddda51b9c3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/flyert/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/flyert/utils.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function loadContent(link) {
     return { description };
 }
 
-const ProcessFeed = (list, caches) => {
+const ProcessFeed = (list: any[], caches) => {
     const host = 'https://www.flyert.com.cn';
 
     return pMap(
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (list, caches) => {
             const $label = $(".comiis_common a[data-track='版块页主题分类']");
             const $title = $(".comiis_common a[data-track='版块页文章']");
             // 还原相对链接为绝对链接
-            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href'), host).href;
+            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href')!, host).href;
 
             // 列表上提取到的信息
             const single = {
diff --git a/lib/routes/follow/profile.ts b/lib/routes/follow/profile.ts
index 879937d58b..eb1088aa48 100644
--- a/lib/routes/follow/profile.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/follow/profile.ts
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
     const handleOrId = ctx.req.param('uid');
     const host = 'https://api.follow.is';
 
-    const handle = isBizId(handleOrId || '') ? handleOrId : handleOrId.startsWith('@') ? handleOrId.slice(1) : handleOrId;
+    const handle = isBizId(handleOrId || '') ? handleOrId : handleOrId!.startsWith('@') ? handleOrId!.slice(1) : handleOrId;
 
-    const searchParams = new URLSearchParams({ handle });
+    const searchParams = new URLSearchParams({ handle: handle! });
 
     if (isBizId(handle || '')) {
-        searchParams.append('id', handle);
+        searchParams.append('id', handle!);
     }
 
     const profile = await ofetch<FollowResponse<Profile>>(`${host}/profiles?${searchParams.toString()}`);
diff --git a/lib/routes/foreignaffairs/rss.ts b/lib/routes/foreignaffairs/rss.ts
index 274a8ae492..0eb2b10519 100644
--- a/lib/routes/foreignaffairs/rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/foreignaffairs/rss.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -51,6 +51,6 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title: 'Foreign Affairs - RSS',
         link,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/foresightnews/article.ts b/lib/routes/foresightnews/article.ts
index b6146bcd04..346826ed62 100644
--- a/lib/routes/foresightnews/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/foresightnews/article.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { apiRootUrl, icon, image, processItems, rootUrl } from './util';
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: 'Foresight News - 文章',
         link: rootUrl,
         description: '文章 - Foresight News',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/foresightnews/column.ts b/lib/routes/foresightnews/column.ts
index 950dd2f003..95b3c4a738 100644
--- a/lib/routes/foresightnews/column.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/foresightnews/column.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { apiRootUrl, icon, image, processItems, rootUrl } from './util';
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `Foresight News - ${column}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: `${column} - Foresight News`,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/foresightnews/index.ts b/lib/routes/foresightnews/index.ts
index 680136dca4..e1133cc488 100644
--- a/lib/routes/foresightnews/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/foresightnews/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { apiRootUrl, icon, image, processItems, rootUrl } from './util';
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: 'Foresight News - 精选资讯',
         link: rootUrl,
         description: 'FN精选 - Foresight News',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/foresightnews/news.ts b/lib/routes/foresightnews/news.ts
index 59eecb430b..de4e521fb7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/foresightnews/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/foresightnews/news.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { apiRootUrl, icon, image, processItems, rootUrl } from './util';
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: 'Foresight News - 快讯',
         link: currentUrl,
         description: '快讯 - Foresight News',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/foresightnews/util.tsx b/lib/routes/foresightnews/util.tsx
index 649b493ecb..83470ea50f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/foresightnews/util.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/foresightnews/util.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
+import type { Page } from '@/utils/playwright';
 import { getPlaywrightPage } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 const constants = {
@@ -46,16 +47,19 @@ const processItems = async (apiUrl, limit, ...parameters) => {
     }
 
     // Cloudflare fingerprints the HTTP client, so browser-like headers alone are insufficient.
-    const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(requestUrl.href, {
+    let responsePromise: ReturnType<Page['waitForResponse']> | undefined;
+    const { destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(requestUrl.href, {
         onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
             await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
                 route.request().resourceType() === 'document' ? route.continue() : route.abort();
             });
+            responsePromise = page.waitForResponse(requestUrl.href);
         },
     });
     let response;
     try {
-        response = JSON.parse((await page.textContent('body')) ?? '');
+        const apiResponse = await responsePromise!;
+        response = await apiResponse.json();
     } finally {
         await destroy();
     }
@@ -102,7 +106,7 @@ const processItems = async (apiUrl, limit, ...parameters) => {
                     ) : null}
                 </>
             ),
-            author: item.column?.title ?? item.author?.username ?? undefined,
+            author: item.column?.title ?? item.author?.username,
             category: categories,
             guid: `foresightnews-${sourceType}#${item.id}`,
             pubDate: item.published_at ? parseDate(item.published_at * 1000) : undefined,
diff --git a/lib/routes/fortnite/news.ts b/lib/routes/fortnite/news.ts
index 2c2fad0058..46afbab1de 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fortnite/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fortnite/news.ts
@@ -79,13 +79,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, () => ({
-                title: item.title,
-                link: `${rootUrl}/${path}/${item.slug}?lang=${language}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.date),
-                author: item.author,
-                description: item.content, // includes <img /> & full text
-            }))
+            cache.tryGet(item.link, () =>
+                Promise.resolve({
+                    title: item.title,
+                    link: `${rootUrl}/${path}/${item.slug}?lang=${language}`,
+                    pubDate: parseDate(item.date),
+                    author: item.author,
+                    description: item.content, // includes <img /> & full text
+                })
+            )
         )
     );
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/fortunechina/index.ts b/lib/routes/fortunechina/index.ts
index f5cc29699d..d87c19931a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fortunechina/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fortunechina/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { PRESETS } from '@/utils/header-generator';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -46,21 +46,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find(category === '' ? 'a:has(h2)' : 'h2 a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: link.indexOf('http') === 0 ? link : `${currentUrl}/${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${currentUrl}/${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link, {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!, {
                     headerGeneratorOptions: PRESETS.MODERN_IOS,
                 });
 
@@ -81,15 +81,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 content('.mod-info, .title, .eval-zan, .eval-pic, .sae-more, .ugo-kol, .word-text .word-box .word-cn').remove();
 
-                item.description = content(item.link.includes('content') ? '.contain .text' : '.contain .top').html();
-                if (item.link.includes('jingxuan')) {
-                    item.description += content('.eval-mod_ugo').html();
-                } else if (item.link.includes('events')) {
-                    const eventDetails = await ofetch(`https://www.bagevent.com/event/${item.link.match(/\d+/)[0]}`);
+                item.description = content(item.link!.includes('content') ? '.contain .text' : '.contain .top').html();
+                if (item.link!.includes('jingxuan')) {
+                    item.description! += content('.eval-mod_ugo').html()!;
+                } else if (item.link!.includes('events')) {
+                    const eventDetails = await ofetch(`https://www.bagevent.com/event/${item.link!.match(/\d+/)![0]}`);
                     const $event = load(eventDetails);
                     item.description = $event('.page_con').html();
-                } else if (item.link.includes('zhuanlan')) {
-                    item.description += content('.mod-word').html();
+                } else if (item.link!.includes('zhuanlan')) {
+                    item.description! += content('.mod-word').html()!;
                 }
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/freewechat/profile.ts b/lib/routes/freewechat/profile.ts
index 00ac7c06bd..547cdd0f68 100644
--- a/lib/routes/freewechat/profile.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/freewechat/profile.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,21 +47,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.main')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, -1) // last item is a template
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('h3 a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('h3 a');
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
                 author,
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                description: item.find('.preview').text(),
-                category: item.find('.classification').text().trim(),
+                description: $item.find('.preview').text(),
+                category: $item.find('.classification').text().trim(),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         Referer: url,
@@ -72,12 +72,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 $('.js_img_placeholder').remove();
                 $('amp-img').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = $(e);
-                    e.replaceWith(`<img src="${new URL(e.attr('src'), item.link).href}" width="${e.attr('width')}" height="${e.attr('height')}" decoding="async">`);
+                    const $e = $(e);
+                    $e.replaceWith(`<img src="${new URL($e.attr('src')!, item.link).href}" width="${$e.attr('width')}" height="${$e.attr('height')}" decoding="async">`);
                 });
                 $('amp-video').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = $(e);
-                    e.replaceWith(`<video width="${e.attr('width')}" height="${e.attr('height')}" controls poster="${e.attr('poster')}">${e.html()}</video>`);
+                    const $e = $(e);
+                    $e.replaceWith(`<video width="${$e.attr('width')}" height="${$e.attr('height')}" controls poster="${$e.attr('poster')}">${$e.html()}</video>`);
                 });
 
                 item.description = fixArticleContent($('#js_content'));
diff --git a/lib/routes/freexcomic/book.ts b/lib/routes/freexcomic/book.ts
index c974820cfb..543aedc34a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/freexcomic/book.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/freexcomic/book.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const getLatestAddress = () =>
     cache.tryGet('freexcomic:getLatestAddress', async () => {
         const portalResponse = await ofetch('https://www.freexcomic.com');
         const $portal = load(portalResponse);
-        const portalUrl = new URL($portal('.alert-btn').attr('href')).href.replace('http:', 'https:');
+        const portalUrl = new URL($portal('.alert-btn').attr('href')!).href.replace('http:', 'https:');
 
         const addressList = await ofetch(portalUrl);
         const $address = load(addressList);
@@ -33,19 +33,19 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
         .toArray()
         .toReversed()
         .slice(0, limit)
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             return {
                 title: $item.text(),
-                link: new URL($item.attr('href'), addresses[Math.floor(Math.random() * addresses.length)]).href,
-                guid: new URL($item.attr('href'), jjmhw).href,
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, addresses[Math.floor(Math.random() * addresses.length)]).href,
+                guid: new URL($item.attr('href')!, jjmhw).href,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 const comicpage = $('.comicpage');
diff --git a/lib/routes/ft/myft.ts b/lib/routes/ft/myft.ts
index 96b57d864d..241406ea83 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ft/myft.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ft/myft.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -74,6 +74,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: 'FT.com - myFT',
         link,
         description: 'FT.com - myFT',
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ftchinese/channel.ts b/lib/routes/ftchinese/channel.ts
index ec85633d07..2d00547ab3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ftchinese/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ftchinese/channel.ts
@@ -36,6 +36,5 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return await utils.getData({
         site: ctx.req.param('language') === 'simplified' ? 'www' : 'big5',
         channel: ctx.req.param('channel'),
-        ctx,
     });
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ftchinese/utils.ts b/lib/routes/ftchinese/utils.ts
index 9ce5be2469..df6a7a5555 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ftchinese/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ftchinese/utils.ts
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ const getData = async ({ site = 'www', channel }) => {
                 const response = await got.get(`${item.link}?full=y&archive`);
 
                 const $ = load(response.data);
-                const results = [];
+                const results: any[] = [];
                 for (let i = 0; i < $('div.story-container').length; i++) {
                     results.push(ProcessFeed(i, $, item.link));
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ftm/index.ts b/lib/routes/ftm/index.ts
index aa2669593b..8a8eca3864 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ftm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ftm/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,13 +29,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.article-card')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => ({ link: $(e).attr('href'), title: $(e).find('h2').text() }))
+        .map(
+            (e): DataItem => ({
+                link: $(e).attr('href'),
+                title: $(e).find('h2').text(),
+            })
+        )
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : Infinity);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const html = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const html = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const content = load(html);
                 const ldjson = JSON.parse(content('[type="application/ld+json"]:not([data-schema])').text());
 
@@ -44,8 +49,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.author = content("[name='author']")
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((e) => ({ name: $(e).attr('content') }));
-                item.category = content('.collection .tab').text().trim() || null;
+                    .map((e) => ({ name: $(e).attr('content')! }));
+                item.category = content('.collection .tab').text().trim() || undefined;
 
                 item.description = content('.body').html();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/furstar/archive.ts b/lib/routes/furstar/archive.ts
index 95ad2bc7d1..35a6322a3a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/furstar/archive.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/furstar/archive.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         language: ctx.req.param('lang'),
         item: info.map((e) => ({
             title: e.title,
-            author: e.author.name,
+            author: e.author.name ?? undefined,
             description: `<img src="${e.headImage}"/> ${utils.renderAuthor(e.author)}`,
             pubDate: parseDate(new Date().toISOString()), // No Time for now
             link: e.detailPage,
diff --git a/lib/routes/furstar/artists.ts b/lib/routes/furstar/artists.ts
index f235a01847..ff29e14771 100644
--- a/lib/routes/furstar/artists.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/furstar/artists.ts
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: 'Furstar 所有画家列表',
         language: ctx.req.param('lang'),
         item: artists.map((e) => ({
-            title: e.name,
-            author: e.name,
+            title: e.name!,
+            author: e.name ?? undefined,
             description: `<img src="${e.avatar}"/><a href="${base}/${e.link}">${e.name}</a>`,
             pubDate: parseDate(new Date().toISOString()), // No Time for now
             link: `${base}/${e.link}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/furstar/index.ts b/lib/routes/furstar/index.ts
index d57a830989..3b823cdd1a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/furstar/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/furstar/index.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         language: ctx.req.param('lang'),
         item: info.map((e, i) => ({
             title: e.title,
-            author: e.author.name,
+            author: e.author.name ?? undefined,
             description: utils.renderDesc(details[i].desc, details[i].pics, e.author),
             pubDate: parseDate(new Date().toISOString()), // No Time for now
             link: e.detailPage,
diff --git a/lib/routes/furstar/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/furstar/utils.tsx
index ec23c08288..46e3b68cf0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/furstar/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/furstar/utils.tsx
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ const authorDetail = (el) => {
     const $ = load(el);
     // if there is <a>
     const a = $('a');
-    const result = {
+    const result: { name?: string | null; avatar?: string | null; link?: string | null } = {
         name: null,
         avatar: null,
         link: null,
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ const detailPage = (link, cache) =>
             .toArray()
             .map((e) => {
                 const p = load(e);
-                const link = p('a').attr('href').trim();
+                const link = p('a').attr('href')!.trim();
                 return `${base}/${link.slice(2)}`;
             });
 
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ const fetchAllCharacters = (data, base) => {
         const c = load(e);
         const r = {
             title: c('.character-headline').text().trim(),
-            headImage: c('.character-images img').attr('src').trim(),
-            detailPage: `${base}/${c('.character-images a').attr('href').trim()}`,
+            headImage: c('.character-images img').attr('src')!.trim(),
+            detailPage: `${base}/${c('.character-images a').attr('href')!.trim()}`,
             author: authorDetail(c('.character-description').html()),
         };
         return r;
diff --git a/lib/routes/futunn/live.ts b/lib/routes/futunn/live.ts
index fdec6cb2a5..2623833184 100644
--- a/lib/routes/futunn/live.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/futunn/live.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: lang === 'Mandarin' ? '富途牛牛 - 快讯' : lang === 'Cantonese' ? '富途牛牛 - 快訊' : 'Futubull - Latest',
         link,
         item: items,
-        language: lang === 'Mandarin' ? 'zh-CN' : lang === 'Cantonese' ? 'zh-HK' : 'en',
+        language: (lang === 'Mandarin' ? 'zh-CN' : lang === 'Cantonese' ? 'zh-HK' : 'en') as Language,
         itunes_author: lang === 'Mandarin' || lang === 'Cantonese' ? '富途牛牛' : 'Futubull',
         itunes_category: 'News',
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/fx-markets/channel.ts b/lib/routes/fx-markets/channel.ts
index 5a9b19fbc9..378659ef44 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fx-markets/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fx-markets/channel.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,13 +36,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const title = `FX-Markets ${pageTitle}`;
 
     const items = $('div#listings').children();
-    const articles = items.toArray().map((el) => {
+    const articles = items.toArray().map((el): DataItem => {
         const $el = $(el);
         const $titleEl = $el.find('h5 > a');
         const articleURL = `https://www.fx-markets.com${$titleEl.attr('href')}`;
         const articleTitle = $titleEl.attr('title');
         return {
-            title: articleTitle,
+            title: articleTitle!,
             link: articleURL,
             pubDate: parseDate($el.find('time').text()),
         };
@@ -49,18 +50,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const result = await Promise.all(
         articles.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const res = await got(item.link);
                 const doc = load(res.data);
                 // This script holds publish datetime info {"datePublished": "2022-05-12T08:45:04+01:00"}
-                const dateScript = doc('script[type="application/ld+json"]').toArray()[0].children[0].data;
+                const dateScript = (doc('script[type="application/ld+json"]').toArray()[0].children[0] as Text).data;
                 const re = /"datePublished": "(?<dateTimePub>.*)"/;
-                const dateStr = re.exec(dateScript).groups.dateTimePub;
+                const dateStr = re.exec(dateScript)!.groups!.dateTimePub;
                 const pubDateTime = parseDate(dateStr, 'YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ssZ');
                 // Exclude hidden print message
                 item.description = doc('div.article-page-body-content:not(.print-access-info)').html();
                 return {
-                    title: item.title,
+                    title: item.title!,
                     link: item.link,
                     description: item.description,
                     // if we fail to get accurate publish date time, show date only from article link on index page.
diff --git a/lib/routes/fx678/kx.ts b/lib/routes/fx678/kx.ts
index 470b9aef01..57c272ad56 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fx678/kx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fx678/kx.ts
@@ -45,17 +45,17 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((itemUrl) =>
-            cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(itemUrl!, async () => {
                 const res = await got.get(itemUrl);
                 const $ = load(res.data);
 
-                const contentPart = $('.article-main .content').html().trim();
-                const forewordPart = $('.article-main .foreword').html().trim();
+                const contentPart = $('.article-main .content').html()!.trim();
+                const forewordPart = $('.article-main .foreword').html()!.trim();
                 const datetimeString = $('.article-cont .details i').text().trim();
                 const articlePubDate = timezone(parseDate(datetimeString, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
 
                 const item = {
-                    title: $('.article-main .foreword').text().trim().split('——').pop(),
+                    title: $('.article-main .foreword').text().trim().split('——').pop()!,
                     link: itemUrl,
                     description: contentPart.length > 1 ? contentPart : forewordPart,
                     pubDate: articlePubDate,
diff --git a/lib/routes/fxiaoke/crm.ts b/lib/routes/fxiaoke/crm.ts
index 9a2849a166..ea4d2f1a68 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fxiaoke/crm.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fxiaoke/crm.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,32 +45,32 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const desc = $('.meeting').text().trim();
     let items = $('.content-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const c1 = item.find('.baike-content-t1');
-            const c3 = item.find('.baike-content-t3').find('span');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const c1 = $item.find('.baike-content-t1');
+            const c3 = $item.find('.baike-content-t3').find('span');
             return {
                 title: c1.text().trim(),
                 // pubDate: parseDate(c3.first().text().trim()),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
                 author: c3.last().text().trim(),
             };
         });
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const resp = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(resp.data);
                 const firstViewBox = $('.body-wrapper-article');
 
                 firstViewBox.find('img').each((_, img) => {
-                    img = $(img);
-                    if (img.attr('zoomfile')) {
-                        img.attr('src', img.attr('zoomfile'));
-                        img.removeAttr('zoomfile');
-                        img.removeAttr('file');
+                    const $img = $(img);
+                    if ($img.attr('zoomfile')) {
+                        $img.attr('src', $img.attr('zoomfile'));
+                        $img.removeAttr('zoomfile');
+                        $img.removeAttr('file');
                     }
-                    img.removeAttr('onmouseover');
+                    $img.removeAttr('onmouseover');
                 });
 
                 item.description = firstViewBox.html();
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         )
     );
     return {
-        title,
+        title: title!,
         link: url,
         description: desc,
         item: items,
diff --git a/lib/routes/fzmtr/announcements.ts b/lib/routes/fzmtr/announcements.ts
index ebd4aaf011..2b3678ac32 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fzmtr/announcements.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fzmtr/announcements.ts
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('span#resources li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const url = `http://${domain}` + item.find('a').attr('href');
-            const title = item.find('a').text();
-            const publishTime = parseDate(item.find('span').text());
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const url = `http://${domain}` + $item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const title = $item.find('a').text();
+            const publishTime = parseDate($item.find('span').text());
             return {
                 title,
                 link: url,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gameapps/index.tsx b/lib/routes/gameapps/index.tsx
index 93843734db..4a2e212545 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gameapps/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gameapps/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 item.title = ($('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content') ?? $('.news-title h1').text()).replace(' - 香港手機遊戲網 GameApps.hk', '');
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ async function handler() {
                         {desc ? raw(desc) : null}
                     </>
                 );
-                item.guid = item.guid.slice(0, item.link.lastIndexOf('/'));
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate);
+                item.guid = item.guid!.slice(0, item.link!.lastIndexOf('/'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate!) as unknown as string;
                 item.enclosure_url = $('div.introduction.media.news-intro div.media-left').find('img').attr('src');
                 item.enclosure_type = 'image/jpeg';
 
@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ async function handler() {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
         image: `${baseUrl}/static/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png`,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
         language: feed.language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gamebase/news.tsx b/lib/routes/gamebase/news.tsx
index 63699f87fb..1277f558c6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gamebase/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gamebase/news.tsx
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: updated ? timezone(parseDate(updated), 8) : undefined,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return processedItem;
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content')?.split(/\|/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gamegene/news.ts b/lib/routes/gamegene/news.ts
index 62d01b52f6..31071c2f3c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gamegene/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gamegene/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('div.mr245')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const aEle = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const aEle = $item.find('a').first();
             const href = aEle.attr('href');
             const title = aEle.find('h3').first().text();
-            const author = item.find('a.namenode').text();
-            const category = item.find('span.r').text();
+            const author = $item.find('a.namenode').text();
+            const category = $item.find('span.r').text();
             return {
                 title,
                 link: href,
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler() {
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gamer/gnn-index.ts b/lib/routes/gamer/gnn-index.ts
index 24e2151bce..a0e6377a66 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gamer/gnn-index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gamer/gnn-index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -101,22 +101,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .not('[data-news-id]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             // a label with div / a label without div
-            const aLabelNode = item.find('h1').length === 0 ? item.find('a') : item.find('h1').find('a');
-            const tag = item.find('div.platform-tag_list').text();
+            const aLabelNode = $item.find('h1').length === 0 ? $item.find('a') : $item.find('h1').find('a');
+            const tag = $item.find('div.platform-tag_list').text();
 
             return {
                 title: '[' + tag + ']' + aLabelNode.text(),
-                link: aLabelNode.attr('href').replace('//', 'https://'),
+                link: aLabelNode.attr('href')!.replace('//', 'https://'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await pMap(
         list,
         async (item) => {
-            item.description = await cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            item.description = await cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got.get(item.link);
                 let component: string;
                 const urlReg = /window\.lazySizesConfig/g;
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         item.author = pubInfo[0].replace('（', '').replace(' 報導', '');
                         dateStr = pubInfo[1].replace('原文出處', '').trim();
                     }
-                    component = $('div.GN-lbox3B').html();
+                    component = $('div.GN-lbox3B').html() ?? '';
                 } else {
                     // url redirect
                     const _response = await got.get(item.link);
@@ -147,13 +147,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         pubInfo = _$('span.ST1').text().split('│');
                         item.author = pubInfo[0].replace('作者：', '');
                         dateStr = pubInfo[_$('span.ST1').find('a').length > 0 ? 2 : 1];
-                        component = _$('div.MSG-list8C').html();
+                        component = _$('div.MSG-list8C').html() ?? '';
                     } else {
                         // personal publish 2
                         pubInfo = _$('div.article-intro').text().replaceAll('\n', '').split('|');
                         item.author = pubInfo[0];
                         dateStr = pubInfo[1];
-                        component = _$('div.text-paragraph').html();
+                        component = _$('div.text-paragraph').html() ?? '';
                     }
                 }
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(dateStr, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
diff --git a/lib/routes/gamer/hot.ts b/lib/routes/gamer/hot.ts
index 0cb15e8d91..47b1271c16 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gamer/hot.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gamer/hot.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -33,16 +33,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.popular__card-list div.popular__card-img a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     url: item.link,
                     headers: {
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.title = content('.c-post__header__title').text();
                 item.description = content('div.c-post__body').html();
                 item.author = `${content('a.username').eq(0).text()} (${content('a.userid').eq(0).text()})`;
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('a.edittime').eq(0).attr('data-mtime'), 8));
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('a.edittime').eq(0).attr('data-mtime')!), 8);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/gamersecret/index.ts b/lib/routes/gamersecret/index.ts
index afa5db8a92..fa5939752e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gamersecret/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gamersecret/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -67,18 +67,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.jeg_post_title a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.author = content('.jeg_meta_author').text().replace(/by/, '');
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(detailResponse.data.match(/datePublished":"(.*)","dateModified/)[1]), 8);
-                item.description = content('.thumbnail-container').html() + content('.elementor-text-editor, .content-inner').html();
+                item.description = content('.thumbnail-container').html()! + content('.elementor-text-editor, .content-inner').html()!;
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/gamme/category.ts b/lib/routes/gamme/category.ts
index 2abbf9898f..2e38e5d595 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gamme/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gamme/category.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(data);
 
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         image: domain === 'news' ? `${baseUrl}/blogico.ico` : `${baseUrl}/favicon.ico`,
         description: feed.description,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gamme/tag.ts b/lib/routes/gamme/tag.ts
index 8b7234ac16..0a7d86a416 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gamme/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gamme/tag.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -33,17 +33,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('#category_new li a, .List-4 h3 a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title') || item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.attr('title') || $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(data);
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     .toArray()
                     .map((tag) => $(tag).text());
                 $('.social_block, .tags').remove();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate($('.postDate').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate($('.postDate').attr('content')!);
                 item.description = $('.entry').html();
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/gaoyu/blog.ts b/lib/routes/gaoyu/blog.ts
index 33e5c6961b..6ba652abfb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gaoyu/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gaoyu/blog.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('a.flex-col')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('p.text-neutral-900').text();
             const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
-                intro: $el.find('p.text-neutral-600').last().html(),
+                intro: $el.find('p.text-neutral-600').last().html() ?? undefined,
             });
             const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $el.find('p.text-neutral-600').first().text();
             const linkUrl: string | undefined = $el.attr('href');
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     text: description,
                 },
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -67,14 +67,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1.title').text();
                 const description: string | undefined =
                     item.description +
                     renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('article.prose').html(),
+                        description: $$('article.prose').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content');
                 const image: string | undefined = $$('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content');
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gcores/radio.tsx b/lib/routes/gcores/radio.tsx
index 8326d71f06..033658ce80 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gcores/radio.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gcores/radio.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import md5 from '@/utils/md5';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         link,
         description,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         itunes_author: '机核 GCORES',
         image: `https://www.gcores.com/${image}`,
         item,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gcores/user-radios.ts b/lib/routes/gcores/user-radios.ts
index dc5fea0a63..c37dfbbee1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gcores/user-radios.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gcores/user-radios.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: pubDate ? parseDate(pubDate) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
             description,
             content: {
                 html: description,
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: $('title').text().split(/\|/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gcores/user-talks.ts b/lib/routes/gcores/user-talks.ts
index 4714c0b086..ee9ed7c697 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gcores/user-talks.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gcores/user-talks.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: pubDate ? parseDate(pubDate) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
             description,
             content: {
                 html: description,
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: $('title').text().split(/\|/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gcores/util.ts b/lib/routes/gcores/util.ts
index ef1b2c7045..b1dd70e3d2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gcores/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gcores/util.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ const processItems = async (limit: number, query: any, apiUrl: string, targetUrl
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         let enclosureUrl: string | undefined;
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ const processItems = async (limit: number, query: any, apiUrl: string, targetUrl
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: title.split(/\|/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gdsrx/index.ts b/lib/routes/gdsrx/index.ts
index 4c374da646..74e1ad590d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gdsrx/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gdsrx/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,19 +46,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('a.xn-item, a.t-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('div.xn-d, div.t-e').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.xn-time, div.t-f').text()),
+                title: $item.find('div.xn-d, div.t-e').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.xn-time, div.t-f').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${author} - ${subtitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gdut/oa-news.ts b/lib/routes/gdut/oa-news.ts
index 1410152fa9..dbf3cbce75 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gdut/oa-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gdut/oa-news.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 import { CookieJar } from 'tough-cookie';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
     parameters: {
         type: '通知类型，留空则获取所有分类',
     },
-    feature: {
+    features: {
         requireConfig: false,
         requirePuppeteer: false,
         antiCrawler: false,
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     }
 
     // 构造文章数组
-    const articles = resp.data.data.map((item) => ({
+    const articles: Array<DataItem & { link: string }> = resp.data.data.map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
         title: item.title,
         guid: item.id,
         link: site + '/newsData.do?method=newsView&newsId=' + item.id,
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         articles,
         async (data) => {
             const link = data.link;
-            data.description = await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+            data.description = (await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 // 获取数据
                 const response = await got(link, {
                     cookieJar,
@@ -131,11 +132,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const node = $('#content');
                 // 清理样式
                 node.find('*')
-                    .filter((_, el) => el.type === 'comment' || el.tagName === 'meta' || el.tagName === 'style')
+                    .filter((_, el) => el.tagName === 'meta' || el.tagName === 'style')
                     .remove();
                 node.find('*')
                     .contents()
-                    .filter((_, el) => el.type === 'comment' || el.tagName === 'meta' || el.tagName === 'style')
+                    .filter((_, el) => el.type === 'comment' || (el as Element).tagName === 'meta' || (el as Element).tagName === 'style')
                     .remove();
                 node.find('*').each((_, el) => {
                     if (el.attribs.style !== undefined) {
@@ -196,8 +197,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     }
                 });
 
-                return node.html();
-            });
+                return node.html() ?? '';
+            })) as string;
             return data;
         },
         { concurrency: 2 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gelonghui/hot-article.ts b/lib/routes/gelonghui/hot-article.ts
index ab64a45481..cef1f8c704 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gelonghui/hot-article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gelonghui/hot-article.ts
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gelonghui/utils.ts b/lib/routes/gelonghui/utils.ts
index 15104a7cfe..4e07765e4f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gelonghui/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gelonghui/utils.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ const parseItem = (item) =>
         } else {
             // article
             item.title = $('.article-title').text().trim();
-            item.description = $('.article-summary').html() + $('article.article-with-html').html();
+            item.description = $('.article-summary').html()! + $('article.article-with-html').html()!;
             if (!item.pubDate) {
                 const isRelativeDate = $('time.date').text().includes('前') || $('time.date').text().includes('天');
                 item.pubDate = isRelativeDate ? parseRelativeDate($('time.date').text()) : timezone(parseDate($('time.date').text(), 'MM-DD HH:mm'), 8);
diff --git a/lib/routes/getitfree/util.ts b/lib/routes/getitfree/util.ts
index 288d1c983e..609156d2bc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/getitfree/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/getitfree/util.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { Language } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 const rootUrl = 'https://getitfree.cn';
@@ -186,13 +187,13 @@ const fetchData = async (url) => {
 
     const title = $('title').text().split(/\|/, 1)[0];
     const image = new URL('wp-content/uploads/site_logo.png', rootUrl).href;
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
         link: url,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@ const getFilterKeyForSearchParams = (key, isApi = false) => {
  *                   e.g. `name1,name2`.
  */
 const getFilterNameForTitle = (filterPairs) =>
-    Object.values(filterPairs)
+    Object.values<any>(filterPairs)
         .flat()
         .map((pair) => pair?.name ?? pair?.slug ?? pair)
         .filter(Boolean)
diff --git a/lib/routes/gettr/user.tsx b/lib/routes/gettr/user.tsx
index d155b15576..ff3b192245 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gettr/user.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gettr/user.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: userInfo.dsc,
         link: `${baseUrl}/user/${id}`,
         image: `${mediaHost}/${userInfo.ico}`,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gigazine/en.ts b/lib/routes/gigazine/en.ts
index 7eeb5d2b5a..99884b022f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gigazine/en.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gigazine/en.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { type CheerioAPI, load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: 'GIGAZINE - English News',
         link: LIST_URL,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gihyo/group.ts b/lib/routes/gihyo/group.ts
index 33b67b8752..7481713d9e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gihyo/group.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gihyo/group.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         link,
         description,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         item,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gisreportsonline/index.ts b/lib/routes/gisreportsonline/index.ts
index ff0724b3b0..5fdd894f56 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gisreportsonline/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gisreportsonline/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,12 +29,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('article h3 a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => ({ link: $(e).attr('href'), title: $(e).text() }));
+        .map(
+            (e): DataItem => ({
+                link: $(e).attr('href'),
+                title: $(e).text(),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const html = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const html = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const content = load(html);
                 const ldjson = JSON.parse(content('script.rank-math-schema-pro').text())['@graph'].find((e) => e['@type'] === 'NewsArticle');
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/advisor.ts b/lib/routes/github/advisor.ts
index 2acfa2018d..7fa32ecd3b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/advisor.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/advisor.ts
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('div.Box-row')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a.Link--primary');
-            const b = item.find('relative-time').attr('datetime');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a.Link--primary');
+            const b = $item.find('relative-time').attr('datetime');
             const title = a.text() || 'No title';
             const link = a.attr('href') || '#';
             const pubDate = parseDate(b || '');
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const response = await ofetch(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
-                item.description = $('.comment-body').html();
+                item.description = $('.comment-body').html() ?? '';
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/branches.ts b/lib/routes/github/branches.ts
index 3b19d72d5b..a783c672ce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/branches.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/branches.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const host = `https://github.com/${user}/${repo}`;
     const url = `https://api.github.com/repos/${user}/${repo}/branches`;
 
-    const headers = {};
+    const headers = {} as Record<string, any>;
     if (config.github && config.github.access_token) {
         headers.Authorization = `token ${config.github.access_token}`;
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/comments.ts b/lib/routes/github/comments.ts
index 061ba406f9..1304ff6342 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/comments.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/comments.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -90,11 +90,11 @@ async function allIssues(ctx, user, repo, limit, headers) {
     });
 
     const rateLimit = {
-        limit: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-limit')),
-        remaining: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-remaining')),
-        reset: parseDate(Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-reset')) * 1000),
+        limit: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-limit') ?? ''),
+        remaining: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-remaining') ?? ''),
+        reset: parseDate(Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-reset') ?? '') * 1000),
         resoure: response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-resource'),
-        used: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-used')),
+        used: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-used') ?? ''),
     };
 
     const ret = {
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ async function singleIssue(ctx, user, repo, number, limit, headers) {
             per_page: limit,
         },
     });
-    const items = [];
+    const items: DataItem[] = [];
     const lastUrl = timelineResponse.headers.get('link')?.match(/<(\S+?)>; rel="last"/)?.[1];
     if (lastUrl) {
         timelineResponse = await ofetch.raw(lastUrl, { headers });
@@ -197,15 +197,15 @@ async function singleIssue(ctx, user, repo, number, limit, headers) {
         item: items,
     };
 
-    const resetTimestamp = Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-reset'));
+    const resetTimestamp = Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-reset') ?? '');
     ctx.set('json', {
         ...ret,
         rateLimit: {
-            limit: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-limit')),
-            remaining: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-remaining')),
+            limit: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-limit') ?? ''),
+            remaining: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-remaining') ?? ''),
             reset: parseDate(resetTimestamp * 1000),
             resoure: response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-resource'),
-            used: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-used')),
+            used: Number.parseInt(response.headers.get('x-ratelimit-used') ?? ''),
         },
     });
     return ret;
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/contributors.ts b/lib/routes/github/contributors.ts
index ffcbe7de4c..d618f11155 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/contributors.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/contributors.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const url = `https://api.github.com/repos/${user}/${repo}/contributors?` + (anon ? 'anon=1' : '');
 
     // Use token if available
-    const headers = {};
+    const headers = {} as Record<string, any>;
     if (config.github && config.github.access_token) {
         headers.Authorization = `token ${config.github.access_token}`;
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/file.ts b/lib/routes/github/file.ts
index 82726777a5..b793eb984b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/file.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/file.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const fileUrl = `https://github.com/${user}/${repo}/commits/${branch}/${filepath}`;
 
-    const headers = {};
+    const headers = {} as Record<string, any>;
     if (config.github && config.github.access_token) {
         headers.Authorization = `token ${config.github.access_token}`;
     }
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         headers,
     });
     const list = res.data;
-    const count = [];
+    const count: number[] = [];
     for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(list.length, 10); i++) {
         count.push(i);
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/gist.ts b/lib/routes/github/gist.ts
index 85e214e8d2..85c86aa0ae 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/gist.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/gist.ts
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const gistId = ctx.req.param('gistId');
 
-    const headers = { Accept: 'application/vnd.github.v3+json' };
+    const headers: Record<string, string> = { Accept: 'application/vnd.github.v3+json' };
     if (config.github && config.github.access_token) {
         headers.Authorization = `Bearer ${config.github.access_token}`;
     }
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     return {
         allowEmpty: true,
-        title: `${response.owner.login} / ${Object.values(response.files)[0].filename}`,
+        title: `${response.owner.login} / ${Object.values<any>(response.files)[0].filename}`,
         description: response.description,
         image: response.owner.avatar_url,
         link: `${response.html_url}/revisions`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/issue.ts b/lib/routes/github/issue.ts
index 2dacacfcd7..3d449ec49c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/issue.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/issue.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const host = `https://github.com/${user}/${repo}/issues`;
     const url = `https://api.github.com/repos/${user}/${repo}/issues`;
 
-    const headers = { Accept: 'application/vnd.github.v3+json' };
+    const headers: Record<string, string> = { Accept: 'application/vnd.github.v3+json' };
     if (config.github && config.github.access_token) {
         headers.Authorization = `token ${config.github.access_token}`;
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/pulls.ts b/lib/routes/github/pulls.ts
index a13d33358c..73fd7a4f5e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/pulls.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/pulls.ts
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const host = `https://github.com/${user}/${repo}/pulls`;
     const url = `https://api.github.com/repos/${user}/${repo}/issues`; // every PR is also an issue
 
-    const headers = { Accept: 'application/vnd.github.v3+json' };
+    const headers: Record<string, string> = { Accept: 'application/vnd.github.v3+json' };
     if (config.github && config.github.access_token) {
         headers.Authorization = `token ${config.github.access_token}`;
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/pulse.tsx b/lib/routes/github/pulse.tsx
index c32d6fd142..f25e37c218 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/pulse.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/github/pulse.tsx
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         const $link = $item.find('a');
                         const $details = $item.find('p');
                         const $relativeTime = $details.find('relative-time');
-                        $relativeTime.replaceWith($relativeTime.attr('datetime'));
+                        $relativeTime.replaceWith($relativeTime.attr('datetime') ?? '');
                         return {
                             link: { text: $link.text(), url: $link.attr('href') },
                             details: $details.text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/topic.ts b/lib/routes/github/topic.ts
index fbfe930857..9d855056a0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/topic.ts
@@ -49,17 +49,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: $('article.border')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
 
-                const title = item.find('h3').text().trim();
+                const title = $item.find('h3').text().trim();
                 const author = title.split('/', 1)[0];
-                const description = (item.find('a img').prop('outerHTML') ?? '') + item.find('div > div > p').text();
-                const link = `https://github.com${item.find('h3 a').last().attr('href')}`;
-                const category = item
+                const description = ($item.find('a img').prop('outerHTML') ?? '') + $item.find('div > div > p').text();
+                const link = `https://github.com${$item.find('h3 a').last().attr('href')}`;
+                const category = $item
                     .find('.topic-tag')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((item) => $(item).text());
-                const pubDate = parseDate(item.find('relative-time').attr('datetime'));
+                const pubDate = parseDate($item.find('relative-time').attr('datetime')!);
 
                 return {
                     title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/trending.tsx b/lib/routes/github/trending.tsx
index d91f45e33a..9ba9bcb519 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/trending.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/github/trending.tsx
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         },
     });
 
-    const repos = Object.values(repoData.data).map((repo) => {
+    const repos = Object.values<any>(repoData.data).map((repo) => {
         const found = trendingRepos.find((r) => `${r.owner}/${r.name}` === repo.nameWithOwner);
         return { ...found, ...repo };
     });
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/wiki.ts b/lib/routes/github/wiki.ts
index 379d35dea4..47a7cff929 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/wiki.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/wiki.ts
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.js-wiki-history-revision')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.h5').text(),
-                author: item.find('.mt-1 a').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('relative-time').attr('datetime')),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('.text-mono a').attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('.h5').text(),
+                author: $item.find('.mt-1 a').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('relative-time').attr('datetime')!),
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('.text-mono a').attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gitpod/blog.tsx b/lib/routes/gitpod/blog.tsx
index 49fda43be3..02d4ee92bf 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gitpod/blog.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gitpod/blog.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,18 +40,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('div[class^="flex justify-center"]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h2').text(),
-                link: rootUrl + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span[class^=date]').text()),
+                title: $item.find('h2').text(),
+                link: rootUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span[class^=date]').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: rootUrl + '/blog',
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content'),
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gitpod/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/gitpod/changelog.ts
index 468567351d..9a18e3bfff 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gitpod/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gitpod/changelog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -36,18 +36,18 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('div[class^=changelog-entry]')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h2').text(),
-                link: rootUrl + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                description: item.find('div[class^=content-docs]').html(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('a[class*=mb-xx-small]').text()),
-                author: item
+                title: $item.find('h2').text(),
+                link: rootUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                description: $item.find('div[class^=content-docs]').html(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('a[class*=mb-xx-small]').text()),
+                author: $item
                     .find('span[class^=flex-shrink-0]')
                     .eq(0)
                     .find('img')
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((e) => $(e).attr('alt').replace('Avatar of ', ''))
+                    .map((e) => $(e).attr('alt')!.replace('Avatar of ', ''))
                     .join(', '),
             };
         });
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler() {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: rootUrl + '/changelog',
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content'),
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gitstar-ranking/index.tsx b/lib/routes/gitstar-ranking/index.tsx
index 5d1e1f7327..6d1e93a6fc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gitstar-ranking/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gitstar-ranking/index.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('a.list-group-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const stargazersCount = Number($el.find('span.stargazers_count').text()?.trim());
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: title.split(/-/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/globallawreview/index.ts b/lib/routes/globallawreview/index.ts
index 0a032053be..8c3674ffc9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/globallawreview/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/globallawreview/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let $ = load(firstResponse);
 
-    const currentUrl = new URL($('p.tabBtn span a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const currentUrl = new URL($('p.tabBtn span a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     const { data: response } = await got(currentUrl);
 
@@ -38,28 +38,30 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('p.p1 a');
-            const link = new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const a = $item.find('p.p1 a');
+            const link = new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link,
-                description: item.find('p.p2').html(),
-                author: item.find('p.p3 span').text() || a.text().split('：', 1)[0],
+                description: $item.find('p.p2').html(),
+                author: $item.find('p.p3 span').text() || a.text().split('：', 1)[0],
                 category: [
-                    item
+                    $item
                         .find('p.p4')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/\] (\d+\.\d+);/)[1],
+                        .match(/\] (\d+\.\d+);/)![1],
                 ],
                 enclosure_url: link,
                 enclosure_length:
-                    item
-                        .find('p.p4')
-                        .text()
-                        .match(/(\d+(\.\d+)?)\sKB/)[1] * 1000,
+                    Number(
+                        $item
+                            .find('p.p4')
+                            .text()
+                            .match(/(\d+(\.\d+)?)\sKB/)![1]
+                    ) * 1000,
             };
         });
 
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         author: '中国社会科学院法学研究所',
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gmcmonline/chinacustoms.ts b/lib/routes/gmcmonline/chinacustoms.ts
index dbf3a0bca4..e825f52d89 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gmcmonline/chinacustoms.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gmcmonline/chinacustoms.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -18,28 +18,28 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     const author = $('p.copyright a').text();
     const language = $('html').prop('lang');
 
-    let items = $('ul.booklist li a')
+    const issues = $('ul.booklist li a')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, limit)
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('p.txt').text();
-            const image = new URL(item.find('img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+            const title = $item.find('p.txt').text();
+            const image = new URL($item.find('img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
             return {
                 title,
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 pubDate: parseDate(title, 'YYYY年MM期'),
                 author,
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
-    items = await Promise.all(
-        items.map((item) =>
+    const items = await Promise.all(
+        issues.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
@@ -49,40 +49,40 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
                 const current = $$('ol.breadcrumb li a').first().text();
                 const pubDate = parseDate($$('div.title').text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日');
-                const image = new URL($$('div.coverline img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+                const image = new URL($$('div.coverline img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
                 return $$('a.txt')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((i) => {
-                        i = $(i);
+                        const $i = $(i);
 
-                        const id = i.prop('href').match(/c\/(\d+)\.shtml/)?.[1] ?? undefined;
+                        const id = $i.prop('href')!.match(/c\/(\d+)\.shtml/)?.[1] ?? undefined;
 
                         if (!id) {
                             return;
                         }
 
-                        const title = i.prop('title') || i.text();
+                        const title = $i.prop('title') || $i.text();
                         const guid = `gmcmonline-chinacustoms-${id}`;
 
                         return {
                             title,
                             pubDate,
-                            link: new URL(i.prop('href'), item.link).href,
+                            link: new URL($i.prop('href')!, item.link).href,
                             category: [
                                 current,
-                                i
+                                $i
                                     .closest('div.class-box')
                                     .find('div.title-box span')
                                     .text()
                                     .replaceAll(/【|】/g, '') || undefined,
-                            ].filter(Boolean),
+                            ].filter(Boolean) as string[],
                             author,
                             guid,
                             id: guid,
                             image,
                             banner: image,
-                            language,
+                            language: language as Language,
                             enclosure_url: new URL(`front/article/${id}/pdf?magazineID=2`, magRootUrl).href,
                             enclosure_type: 'application/pdf',
                             enclosure_title: title,
@@ -94,17 +94,17 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('div.img-box img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.img-box img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
         description: title,
         link: rootUrl,
-        item: items.flat(),
+        item: items.flat() as DataItem[],
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: title,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/go/jihs/idwr.ts b/lib/routes/go/jihs/idwr.ts
index edb06a11f0..595fc93379 100644
--- a/lib/routes/go/jihs/idwr.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/go/jihs/idwr.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('a.sizeview')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $pEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.parent('p');
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     text: description,
                 },
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, 'YYYY年M月D日') : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             const $enclosureEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el;
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.common-branding__logo-image').attr('src') ? new URL($('img.common-branding__logo-image').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/go/mhlw/pdf.ts b/lib/routes/go/mhlw/pdf.ts
index 881582f281..2e766aa41d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/go/mhlw/pdf.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/go/mhlw/pdf.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 export const handler = async (ctx) => {
@@ -20,22 +20,22 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('font').text() || item.text();
-            const link = new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const title = $item.find('font').text() || $item.text();
+            const link = new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
             return {
                 title,
                 link,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
                 enclosure_url: link,
                 enclosure_type: link ? 'application/pdf' : undefined,
                 enclosure_title: title,
             };
         });
 
-    const image = new URL($('div.m-headerLogo img').first().prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.m-headerLogo img').first().prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gogoanimehd/recent-releases.ts b/lib/routes/gogoanimehd/recent-releases.ts
index 989c2d0208..9f6d2808a0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gogoanimehd/recent-releases.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gogoanimehd/recent-releases.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler() {
         const formattedDescription = `<h2>${episode}</h2><br/><img src='${img}' alt='${title}'>`;
 
         const structuredData = {
-            title,
+            title: title!,
             description: formattedDescription,
             link,
         };
diff --git a/lib/routes/google/alerts.ts b/lib/routes/google/alerts.ts
index c7df26f8a7..ce42c163fb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/google/alerts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/google/alerts.ts
@@ -35,13 +35,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('li.result')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('.result_title a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('.result_title a');
             return {
                 title: title.text(),
-                link: new URL(title.attr('href')).searchParams.get('url'),
-                author: item.find('.result_source').text(),
-                description: item.find('.snippet').html(),
+                link: new URL(title.attr('href')!).searchParams.get('url') ?? undefined,
+                author: $item.find('.result_source').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.snippet').html(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/google/fonts.tsx b/lib/routes/google/fonts.tsx
index 0686a038eb..c049fbd4ed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/google/fonts.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/google/fonts.tsx
@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ const renderDescription = (item): string =>
             <br />
             <text>Last modified: {item.lastModified}</text>
             <br />
-            <Strong>File:</Strong>
+            <strong>File:</strong>
             <br />
             {Object.entries(item.files ?? {}).map(([key, value]) => (
                 <>
-                    <a href={value}>{key}</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
+                    <a href={value as string}>{key}</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                 </>
             ))}
         </>
diff --git a/lib/routes/google/news.tsx b/lib/routes/google/news.tsx
index b91f5d98f5..09acbec324 100644
--- a/lib/routes/google/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/google/news.tsx
@@ -39,24 +39,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 .toArray()
                 .slice(3) // skip Home, For you and Following
                 .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
+                    const $item = $(item);
                     return {
-                        category: item.text(),
-                        url: new URL(item.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                        category: $item.text(),
+                        url: new URL($item.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                     };
                 }),
             ...$('a.aqvwYd') // Home
                 .toArray()
                 .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
+                    const $item = $(item);
                     return {
-                        category: item.text(),
-                        url: new URL(item.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                        category: $item.text(),
+                        url: new URL($item.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                     };
                 }),
         ];
     });
-    const categoryUrl = categoryUrls.find((item) => item.category === category).url;
+    const categoryUrl = categoryUrls.find((item) => item.category === category)!.url;
 
     const data = await ofetch(categoryUrl);
     const $ = load(data);
@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = [...$('.UwIKyb'), ...$('.IBr9hb'), ...$('.IFHyqb')]; // 3 rows of news, 3-rows-wide news, single row news
 
     const items = list.map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
+        const $item = $(item);
 
-        const title = item.find('.gPFEn').text();
+        const title = $item.find('.gPFEn').text();
 
-        const authorText = item.find('.bInasb span').text();
+        const authorText = $item.find('.bInasb span').text();
         const authors = authorText
             ? authorText
                   .replace(/^By\s+/i, '') // Handle 'By' case-insensitively
@@ -88,10 +88,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
         return {
             title,
-            description: renderDescription(item.find('img.Quavad').attr('src'), title),
-            pubDate: parseDate(item.find('time').attr('datetime')),
+            description: renderDescription($item.find('img.Quavad').attr('src'), title),
+            pubDate: parseDate($item.find('time').attr('datetime')!),
             author: authors,
-            link: new URL(item.find('a.WwrzSb').first().attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+            link: new URL($item.find('a.WwrzSb').first().attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
         };
     });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/google/play.ts b/lib/routes/google/play.ts
index 853ddaee3c..e901b80da1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/google/play.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/google/play.ts
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
     const gl = lang.split('-', 2)[1].toLowerCase();
     const link = `${baseurl}/details?id=${id}&hl=${hl}&gl=${gl}`;
 
-    const appInfo = await gPlay.app({ appId: id, lang: hl, country: gl });
+    const appInfo = await gPlay.app({ appId: id!, lang: hl, country: gl });
 
     const appName = appInfo.title;
     const appImage = appInfo.icon;
diff --git a/lib/routes/google/research.ts b/lib/routes/google/research.ts
index 456dffddcb..7a4e72f260 100644
--- a/lib/routes/google/research.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/google/research.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const $ = load(response);
         const list = $('div.js-configurable-list .blog-posts-grid__cards .glue-grid__col')
             .toArray()
-            .map((eleItem) => {
+            .map((eleItem): DataItem => {
                 const item = $(eleItem);
                 const a = item.find('a');
                 return {
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
         const items = await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                    const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                    const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $ = load(response);
                     item.description = $('.blog-detail-wrapper.js-gt-blog-detail-wrapper').html();
                     return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/google/scholar.ts b/lib/routes/google/scholar.ts
index 661518a0cd..9fe844a195 100644
--- a/lib/routes/google/scholar.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/google/scholar.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     if (params.includes('as_q=')) {
         const reg = /as_q=(.*?)&/;
-        query = reg.exec(params)[1];
+        query = reg.exec(params)![1];
         description = `Google Scholar Monitor Advanced Query: ${query}`;
     } else {
         params = 'q=' + params;
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/ah/kjt.ts b/lib/routes/gov/ah/kjt.ts
index 3d6935ff73..0af37eac3b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/ah/kjt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/ah/kjt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -22,24 +22,24 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('ul.doc_list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             const title = a.prop('title') ?? a.text();
 
             return {
                 title,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.date').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.date').text()),
                 link: a.prop('href'),
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     text: $$('div.wzcon').text(),
                 };
                 item.updated = timezone(parseDate($$('meta[name="HtmlGenerateTime"]').prop('content')), 8);
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/beijing/bjedu/gh.ts b/lib/routes/gov/beijing/bjedu/gh.ts
index def9acd74f..37240b11d1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/beijing/bjedu/gh.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/beijing/bjedu/gh.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,19 +45,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.content li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text().trim(),
-                link: item.attr('href').startsWith('http') ? item.attr('href').replace(/^http:/, 'https:') : new URL(item.attr('href'), link).href,
-                pubDate: item.prev().length ? timezone(parseDate(item.prev().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8) : null,
+                title: $item.text().trim(),
+                link: $item.attr('href')!.startsWith('http') ? $item.attr('href')!.replace(/^http:/, 'https:') : new URL($item.attr('href')!, link).href,
+                pubDate: $item.prev().length ? timezone(parseDate($item.prev().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8) : null,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (!item.link.endsWith('.html')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (!item.link!.endsWith('.html')) {
                     return item;
                 }
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/beijing/jw/tzgg.ts b/lib/routes/gov/beijing/jw/tzgg.ts
index 55425a6eef..22812f9c85 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/beijing/jw/tzgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/beijing/jw/tzgg.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,21 +43,21 @@ async function handler() {
 
     let items = $('.col-md a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link.replace(/^\./, '/tzgg')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.parent().find('span').text()),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link!.replace(/^\./, '/tzgg')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.parent().find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 const pubDate = content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content');
 
                 item.author = content('meta[name="ContentSource"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = pubDate ? timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')), 8) : item.pubDate;
+                item.pubDate = pubDate ? timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!), 8) : item.pubDate;
                 item.description = content('.TRS_UEDITOR').html();
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/beijing/kw/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/beijing/kw/index.ts
index 09842b7234..16a8e9a346 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/beijing/kw/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/beijing/kw/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -30,23 +30,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const response = await got.get(url);
     const $ = load(response.data);
-    const title = $('a.bt_link').last().text().replace('>', '');
+    const title = $('a.bt_link').last().text().replaceAll('>', '');
     const dataJs = $('div.left.zhengce_right > script[language="javascript"]').html() || $('div.centent_width > script[language="javascript"]').html();
-    let items = dataJs
-        .match(/urls\[i\]='(.*?)';headers\[i\]="(.*?)";year\[i\]='(\d+)';month\[i\]='(\d+)';day\[i\]='(\d+)';/g)
+    let items = dataJs!
+        .match(/urls\[i\]='(.*?)';headers\[i\]="(.*?)";year\[i\]='(\d+)';month\[i\]='(\d+)';day\[i\]='(\d+)';/g)!
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 25)
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const result = item.match(/urls\[i\]='(.*?)';headers\[i\]="(.*?)";year\[i\]='(\d+)';month\[i\]='(\d+)';day\[i\]='(\d+)';/);
             return {
-                title: load(result[2])('a').attr('title') || result[2],
-                link: new URL(result[1], rootUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(`${result[3]}-${result[4]}-${result[5]}`, 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: load(result![2])('a').attr('title') || result![2],
+                link: new URL(result![1], rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate(`${result![3]}-${result![4]}-${result![5]}`, 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const content = await got.get(item.link);
                 const $ = load(content.data);
                 item.description = $('#zoom').html() || $('div.left.zhengce_right').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/caac/cjwt.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/caac/cjwt.tsx
index cd2a675d1a..963850d49c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/caac/cjwt.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/caac/cjwt.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: [author, subtitle, category].filter(Boolean).join(' - '),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: '向公众提供服务和开展互动交流',
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/ccdi/utils.ts b/lib/routes/gov/ccdi/utils.ts
index 6e788dfed0..b4bc8c31f1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/ccdi/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/ccdi/utils.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ const regex = /(?<key>[A-Z_]+)=(?<value>.*?(?=; max-age)|[\dA-Fa-f]+)/g;
 
 const parseCookie = async (body) => {
     let m;
-    const cookies = [];
+    const cookies: Cookie[] = [];
     while ((m = regex.exec(body)) !== null) {
         // This is necessary to avoid infinite loops with zero-width matches
         if (m.index === regex.lastIndex) {
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ const parseNewsList = async (url, selector, ctx) => {
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').first().text().trim(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').first().attr('href'), url).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.more').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: $item.find('a').first().text().trim(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').first().attr('href')!, url).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.more').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
     const title = $('.other_Location')
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ const parseArticle = async (item) => {
         $('.content, .bom-box')
             .find('img')
             .each((_, el) => {
-                $(el).attr('src', new URL($(el).attr('src'), item.link).href);
+                $(el).attr('src', new URL($(el).attr('src')!, item.link).href);
                 // oldsrc is causing freshrss imageproxy not to work correctly
                 $(el).removeAttr('oldsrc').removeAttr('alt');
             });
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/util.ts b/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/util.ts
index 15bca0aab7..0925a2729e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/util.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { Language } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ const fetchData = ($, currentUrl) => {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="ColumnDescription"]').prop('content') || $('meta[name="Description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/xw.ts b/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/xw.ts
index 040d2c7138..8e6151447a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/xw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/xw.ts
@@ -70,12 +70,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.parent().find('span').text()), 8),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.parent().find('span').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/zfxxgk.ts b/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/zfxxgk.ts
index db622b9b48..2c18c16c60 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/zfxxgk.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/chinamine-safety/zfxxgk.ts
@@ -222,12 +222,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.contents().first().text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.parent().find('span').text()),
+                title: $item.contents().first().text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.parent().find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/chinatax/latest.ts b/lib/routes/gov/chinatax/latest.ts
index 089eaca8df..153c86272e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/chinatax/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/chinatax/latest.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -39,17 +39,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('ul.list.whlist li')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), 'http://www.chinatax.gov.cn').href,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, 'http://www.chinatax.gov.cn').href,
             };
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const res = await got({ method: 'get', url: item.link });
                     const content = load(res.data);
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ async function handler() {
                     item.description = content('#fontzoom').html();
                     return item;
                 } catch (error) {
-                    if (error.name === 'HTTPError' || error.name === 'FetchError') {
-                        item.description = error.message;
+                    if ((error as Error).name === 'HTTPError' || (error as Error).name === 'FetchError') {
+                        item.description = (error as Error).message;
                         return item;
                     }
                     throw error;
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/gzw.ts b/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/gzw.ts
index 54ff1b1053..9e98ed2d22 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/gzw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/gzw.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
     handler,
     radar: [
         {
-            source: 'gzw.cq.gov.cn/*category',
+            source: ['gzw.cq.gov.cn/*category'],
             target: '/gzw/*category',
         },
     ],
@@ -42,24 +42,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('ul.tab-item li.clearfix')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: new URL(
-                    a.prop('href').replace(/^\./, () => category),
+                    a.prop('href')!.replace(/^\./, () => category),
                     rootUrl
                 ).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${$('title').text()} - ${$('meta[name="ColumnName"]').prop('content')}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="ColumnDescription"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
-        image: new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
+        image: new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="ColumnKeywords"]').prop('content'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/rsks.ts b/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/rsks.ts
index 6c2d76b66a..fa8e160462 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/rsks.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/rsks.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,23 +27,23 @@ async function handler() {
     // 获取考试信息标题
     const list = $('div.page-list .tab-item > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
                 title: title.text(),
                 link: `${rsksUrl}${title.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     // 获取考试信息正文
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
-                item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')) ?? item.pubDate;
+                item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!) ?? item.pubDate;
                 item.description = $('.view.TRS_UEDITOR.trs_paper_default.trs_word').first().html();
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/sydwgkzp.ts b/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/sydwgkzp.ts
index e8f32805a6..a935a73248 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/sydwgkzp.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/chongqing/sydwgkzp.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,23 +54,23 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
     // 获取所有的标题
     const list = $('ul[class="rsj-list1"] > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 // 文章标题
                 title: title.text(),
                 // 文章链接
-                link: new URL(title.attr('href'), sydwgkzpUrl).href,
+                link: new URL(title.attr('href')!, sydwgkzpUrl).href,
                 // 文章发布日期
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     // 获取每个通知的具体信息
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 // 主题正文
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/cmse/fxrw.ts b/lib/routes/gov/cmse/fxrw.ts
index f09aaf6788..cee6ada064 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/cmse/fxrw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/cmse/fxrw.ts
@@ -45,15 +45,15 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('#list li a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title').text().split('：').pop().trim(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.infoR').first().text().trim(), 'YYYY年M月D日H时m分'), 8),
+                title: $item.find('.title').text().split('：').pop()!.trim(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.infoR').first().text().trim(), 'YYYY年M月D日H时m分'), 8),
                 description: renderDescription({
-                    image: new URL(item.find('img').attr('src'), currentUrl).href,
-                    description: item.find('.info').html(),
+                    image: new URL($item.find('img').attr('src')!, currentUrl).href,
+                    description: $item.find('.info').html() ?? undefined,
                 }),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/cmse/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/cmse/index.ts
index 0281e9fe50..779ccc6bd3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/cmse/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/cmse/index.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -24,14 +25,14 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('#list li a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const pubDate = item.next().text();
-            const link = new URL(item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href;
+            const pubDate = $item.next().text();
+            const link = new URL($item.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href;
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
+                title: $item.text(),
                 pubDate: parseDate(pubDate),
                 link: link.endsWith('.html') ? link : `${link}#${pubDate}`,
             };
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -53,8 +54,8 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.pubDate = detailPubTimeMatches ? timezone(parseDate(detailPubTimeMatches[1]), 8) : item.pubDate;
                 item.description = renderDescription({
-                    video: content('#con_video').html(),
-                    description: content('.TRS_Editor, #content').html(),
+                    video: content('#con_video').html() ?? undefined,
+                    description: content('.TRS_Editor, #content').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/cn/news/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/cn/news/index.ts
index 3e34a6b632..519b8246dc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/cn/news/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/cn/news/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
+import type { Cheerio } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const originDomain = 'https://www.gov.cn';
     let url = '';
     let title = '';
-    let list: string;
+    let list: Cheerio<Element>;
     switch (uid) {
         case 'bm':
             url = `${originDomain}/lianbo/bumen/index.htm`;
@@ -78,34 +80,34 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: url,
         item: await Promise.all(
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                let contentUrl = item.find('a').attr('href');
-                contentUrl = contentUrl.startsWith('http') ? contentUrl : new URL(contentUrl, url).href;
-                return cache.tryGet(contentUrl, async () => {
+                const $item = $(item);
+                let contentUrl = $item.find('a').attr('href');
+                contentUrl = contentUrl!.startsWith('http') ? contentUrl : new URL(contentUrl!, url).href;
+                return cache.tryGet(contentUrl!, async () => {
                     let description;
                     let fullTextData;
                     let fullTextGet;
                     let pubDate;
                     let author;
                     let category;
-                    if (/dysMiddleResultConItemTitle/.test(item.html())) {
-                        if (contentUrl.includes('content')) {
+                    if (/dysMiddleResultConItemTitle/.test($item.html() ?? '')) {
+                        if (contentUrl!.includes('content')) {
                             fullTextGet = await got.get(contentUrl);
                             fullTextData = load(fullTextGet.data);
                             fullTextData('.shuzi').remove(); // 移除videobg的图片
                             fullTextData('#myFlash').remove(); // 移除flash
                             description = /pages_content/.test(fullTextData.html()) ? fullTextData('.pages_content').html() : fullTextData('#UCAP-CONTENT').html();
                         } else {
-                            description = item.find('a').text(); // 忽略获取吹风会的全文
+                            description = $item.find('a').text(); // 忽略获取吹风会的全文
                         }
-                    } else if (contentUrl.includes('content')) {
+                    } else if (contentUrl!.includes('content')) {
                         fullTextGet = await got.get(contentUrl);
                         fullTextData = load(fullTextGet.data);
                         const $1 = fullTextData.html();
                         pubDate = timezone(parseDate(fullTextData('meta[name="firstpublishedtime"]').attr('content'), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
                         author = fullTextData('meta[name="author"]').attr('content');
                         category = fullTextData('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content').split(/[,;]/);
-                        if (/zhengceku/.test(contentUrl)) {
+                        if (/zhengceku/.test(contentUrl!)) {
                             // 政策文件库
                             description = fullTextData('.pages_content').html();
                         } else {
@@ -114,10 +116,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                             description = /UCAP-CONTENT/.test($1) ? fullTextData('#UCAP-CONTENT').html() : fullTextData('body').html();
                         }
                     } else {
-                        description = item.find('a').text(); // 忽略获取吹风会的全文
+                        description = $item.find('a').text(); // 忽略获取吹风会的全文
                     }
                     return {
-                        title: item.find('a').text(),
+                        title: $item.find('a').text(),
                         description,
                         link: contentUrl,
                         pubDate,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/cnnic/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/cnnic/index.ts
index 744bf393ec..33455ef3d5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/cnnic/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/cnnic/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.p_news-box li')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 12)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.find('a');
+            const link = $item.find('a');
 
             return {
                 title: link.text(),
-                link: new URL(link.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.contents().last().text().trim()),
+                link: new URL(link.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.contents().last().text().trim()),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/csrc/auditstatus.ts b/lib/routes/gov/csrc/auditstatus.ts
index 51dba1e82e..e0c4c105ed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/csrc/auditstatus.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/csrc/auditstatus.ts
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const out = $('tr[height="50"]')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const itemTitle = item.find('li.templateTip').text();
-            const audit_status_td = item.find('td[style="font-weight:100 ;color: black ;position: relative;left:20px"]');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const itemTitle = $item.find('li.templateTip').text();
+            const audit_status_td = $item.find('td[style="font-weight:100 ;color: black ;position: relative;left:20px"]');
             const audit_status = audit_status_td.eq(-1).text();
             const title = '【' + audit_status + '】' + itemTitle;
             const audit_date = audit_status_td.eq(-1).next('td').text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/csrc/csrc.ts b/lib/routes/gov/csrc/csrc.ts
index c77bfb9301..b942f1973c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/csrc/csrc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/csrc/csrc.ts
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     const $ = load(currentResponse);
 
     const description = channelName ?? id;
-    const image = new URL($('div.zfxx-logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.zfxx-logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
     const author = $('meta[name="SiteName"]').prop('content');
 
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/csrc/news.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/csrc/news.tsx
index 60e79eff01..e4597759d3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/csrc/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/csrc/news.tsx
@@ -73,13 +73,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     } else {
         const list = $('#list li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+            .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
                     link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.data').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.data').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
                 };
             });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/customs/list.ts b/lib/routes/gov/customs/list.ts
index 15446c0bb5..0996234418 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/customs/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/customs/list.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -71,11 +71,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const list = $('[class^="conList_ul"] li')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
+                    const $item = $(item);
                     return {
-                        title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                        link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
-                        date: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                        title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                        link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
+                        date: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
                     };
                 });
             return list;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const description = $('.easysite-news-peruse').html();
 
                 return {
-                    title: info.title,
+                    title: info.title!,
                     link: info.link,
                     description,
                     pubDate: date || info.date,
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `中国海关-${channelName}`,
         link,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: out,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/forestry/gjlckjdjt.ts b/lib/routes/gov/forestry/gjlckjdjt.ts
index 44eb6c3eb6..6fc2892660 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/forestry/gjlckjdjt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/forestry/gjlckjdjt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,11 +47,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('a.items')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string; description: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('p.name').text();
-            const link = new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const title = $item.find('p.name').text();
+            const link = new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
             const pubDateMatches = link.match(/\/\d{8}\//);
 
             return {
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 link,
                 description: renderDescription({
                     image: {
-                        src: item.find('img').prop('src'),
+                        src: $item.find('img').prop('src'),
                         alt: title,
                     },
                 }),
@@ -75,19 +75,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                 content('p').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = content(e);
-                    if (e.find('img, video, embed.edui-faked-video').length === 0 && /^\s*$/.test(e.text())) {
-                        e.remove();
+                    const $e = content(e);
+                    if ($e.find('img, video, embed.edui-faked-video').length === 0 && /^\s*$/.test($e.text())) {
+                        $e.remove();
                     }
                 });
 
                 content('video, embed.edui-faked-video').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = content(e);
+                    const $e = content(e);
 
-                    const src = e.prop('src');
+                    const src = $e.prop('src');
                     item.enclosure_url ??= src;
 
-                    e.replaceWith(
+                    $e.replaceWith(
                         renderDescription({
                             video: {
                                 src,
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: new URL('r/cms/www/default/zhuanti/2021djt/images/top.png', rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/general/general.ts b/lib/routes/gov/general/general.ts
index 3abeb716e1..236306b791 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/general/general.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/general/general.ts
@@ -104,9 +104,9 @@ const gdgov = async (info, ctx) => {
     pathname = pathname === '' ? defaultPath : pathname.endsWith('/') ? pathname : pathname + '/';
     const currentUrl = `${rootUrl}/${pathname}`;
 
-    let $ = '';
+    let $ = load('');
     let name: string;
-    let list: string;
+    let list: any;
     // 判断是否处于特殊目录
     if (pathname.startsWith('gkmlpt')) {
         title_element = undefined;
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ const gdgov = async (info, ctx) => {
             case 'element':
                 name_element = name_element.split(',').filter((item) => item !== '');
                 for (let index = 0; index < name_element.length; index++) {
-                    name_element[index] = $(name_element[index].trim()).text().match(name_match)[1];
+                    name_element[index] = $(name_element[index].trim()).text().match(name_match)![1];
                 }
                 name = name_element.join(name_join);
                 break;
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ const gdgov = async (info, ctx) => {
         if (pathname.startsWith('gkmlpt')) {
             link = i.url;
         } else {
-            link = $(item).attr('href');
+            link = $(item).attr('href')!;
             // 判断获取到的链接是否完整，不完整则补全。
             if (!link.startsWith('http')) {
                 link.startsWith('/') ? (link = `${rootUrl}${link}`) : (link = `${rootUrl}/${link}`);
@@ -199,13 +199,13 @@ const gdgov = async (info, ctx) => {
                 const content = load(res);
 
                 // 获取来源
-                const author = author_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="ContentSource"]').attr('content') : content(author_element).text().trim().match(author_match)[1].trim().replaceAll(/(-*$)/g, '');
+                const author = author_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="ContentSource"]').attr('content') : content(author_element).text().trim().match(author_match)![1].trim().replaceAll(/(-*$)/g, '');
 
                 // 获取发布时间
-                const pubDate = pubDate_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content') : content(pubDate_element).text().trim().match(pubDate_match)[1].trim().replaceAll(/(-*$)/g, '');
+                const pubDate = pubDate_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content') : content(pubDate_element).text().trim().match(pubDate_match)![1].trim().replaceAll(/(-*$)/g, '');
 
                 // 获取标题
-                const title = title_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').attr('content') : content(title_element).text().trim().match(title_match)[1];
+                const title = title_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').attr('content') : content(title_element).text().trim().match(title_match)![1];
                 // 获取正文
                 const description_content = description_element.split(',').filter((item) => item !== '');
                 for (let index = 0; index < description_content.length; index++) {
@@ -215,10 +215,10 @@ const gdgov = async (info, ctx) => {
 
                 return {
                     link,
-                    title,
+                    title: title!,
                     description,
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(pubDate, pubDate_format), 8),
-                    author: /本/.test(author) ? authorisme : author,
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(pubDate!, pubDate_format), 8),
+                    author: /本/.test(author!) ? authorisme : author,
                 };
             });
         })
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/gz/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/gz/index.ts
index 0256df0f92..496ea9bcdc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/gz/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/gz/index.ts
@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.news_list li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const href = item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const href = $item.find('a').attr('href');
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
                 link: href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/hainan/iitb/tzgg.ts b/lib/routes/gov/hainan/iitb/tzgg.ts
index 50a11e0d59..fd5fd4334e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/hainan/iitb/tzgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/hainan/iitb/tzgg.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const alist = $('.list_div');
 
-    const list = alist.toArray().map((item) => {
+    const list = alist.toArray().map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
         const elem = $(item);
 
         const titleElement = elem.find('.list-right_title a');
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/hangzhou/zwfw.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/hangzhou/zwfw.tsx
index 34907b4ef6..a75048afa5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/hangzhou/zwfw.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/hangzhou/zwfw.tsx
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ const renderDescription = ({ serviceInfo, applicationInfo, resultInfo, feeInfo,
         <table>
             <tbody>
                 <tr>
-                    <th colspan="4">办事信息</th>
+                    <th colspan={4}>办事信息</th>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>服务对象</th>
@@ -27,33 +27,33 @@ const renderDescription = ({ serviceInfo, applicationInfo, resultInfo, feeInfo,
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>办理地点</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{serviceInfo.processingLocation}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{serviceInfo.processingLocation}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>办理时间</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{serviceInfo.processingTime}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{serviceInfo.processingTime}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
-                    <th colspan="4">申请信息</th>
+                    <th colspan={4}>申请信息</th>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>受理条件</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{applicationInfo.acceptanceConditions}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{applicationInfo.acceptanceConditions}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>禁止性要求</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{applicationInfo.prohibitedRequirements}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{applicationInfo.prohibitedRequirements}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>数量限制</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{applicationInfo.quantityRestrictions}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{applicationInfo.quantityRestrictions}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
-                    <th colspan="4">结果信息</th>
+                    <th colspan={4}>结果信息</th>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>审批结果名称</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{resultInfo.approvalResult}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{resultInfo.approvalResult}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>审批结果样本</th>
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ const renderDescription = ({ serviceInfo, applicationInfo, resultInfo, feeInfo,
                     <td>{resultInfo.approvalResultType}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
-                    <th colspan="4">收费信息</th>
+                    <th colspan={4}>收费信息</th>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>是否收费</th>
@@ -71,11 +71,11 @@ const renderDescription = ({ serviceInfo, applicationInfo, resultInfo, feeInfo,
                     <td>{feeInfo.isOnlinePaymentSupported}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
-                    <th colspan="4">审批信息</th>
+                    <th colspan={4}>审批信息</th>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>权力来源</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{approvalInfo.authoritySource}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{approvalInfo.authoritySource}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>行使层级</th>
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ const renderDescription = ({ serviceInfo, applicationInfo, resultInfo, feeInfo,
                     <td>{approvalInfo.implementingEntity}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
-                    <th colspan="4">送达信息</th>
+                    <th colspan={4}>送达信息</th>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>是否支持物流快递</th>
@@ -94,17 +94,17 @@ const renderDescription = ({ serviceInfo, applicationInfo, resultInfo, feeInfo,
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>送达方式</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{deliveryInfo.deliveryMethods}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{deliveryInfo.deliveryMethods}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
-                    <th colspan="4">中介服务信息</th>
+                    <th colspan={4}>中介服务信息</th>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>中介服务事项名称</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{agentService}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{agentService}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
-                    <th colspan="4">其他信息</th>
+                    <th colspan={4}>其他信息</th>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>部门名称</th>
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ const renderDescription = ({ serviceInfo, applicationInfo, resultInfo, feeInfo,
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>受理机构</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{otherInfo.acceptingInstitution}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{otherInfo.acceptingInstitution}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>基本编码</th>
@@ -169,21 +169,21 @@ const renderDescription = ({ serviceInfo, applicationInfo, resultInfo, feeInfo,
                     ) : (
                         <>
                             <th>法人主题分类</th>
-                            <td colspan="3">{otherInfo.naturalPersonThemeClassification}</td>
+                            <td colspan={3}>{otherInfo.naturalPersonThemeClassification}</td>
                         </>
                     )}
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>行政相对人权利和义务</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{otherInfo.rightsAndObligationsOfAdministrativeCounterparties}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{otherInfo.rightsAndObligationsOfAdministrativeCounterparties}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>适用对象说明</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{otherInfo.applicableObjectDescription}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{otherInfo.applicableObjectDescription}</td>
                 </tr>
                 <tr>
                     <th>涉及的内容</th>
-                    <td colspan="3">{otherInfo.contentInvolved}</td>
+                    <td colspan={3}>{otherInfo.contentInvolved}</td>
                 </tr>
             </tbody>
         </table>
@@ -232,11 +232,11 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('li.clearfix')
         .toArray()
         .map((item: any) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').first().text();
-            const time = timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').first().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
-            const a = item.find('a').first().attr('href');
-            const fullUrl = new URL(a, host).href;
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').first().text();
+            const time = timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').first().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first().attr('href');
+            const fullUrl = new URL(a!, host).href;
 
             return {
                 title,
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     const content = await crawler(item, context);
                     const $ = load(content);
                     item.category = $('meta[name="ColumnType"]').attr('content');
-                    item.description = renderDescription(analyzer($('.item-left .item .bg_box')));
+                    item.description = renderDescription(analyzer($('.item-left .item .bg_box')) as any);
                     item.author = '浙江政务服务网';
                 } else {
                     // 其他正常抓取
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/hebei/czt.ts b/lib/routes/gov/hebei/czt.ts
index ed5099d673..2d6badc6da 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/hebei/czt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/hebei/czt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('td li a[title]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').startsWith('../..') ? item.attr('href').replace(/^\.\.\/\.\./, '') : `/xwdt/${category}${item.attr('href').replace(/^\./, '')}`}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.startsWith('../..') ? $item.attr('href')!.replace(/^\.\.\/\.\./, '') : `/xwdt/${category}${$item.attr('href')!.replace(/^\./, '')}`}`,
             };
         });
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.author = content('meta[name="ContentSource"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!);
                 item.description = content('.TRS_Editor, .content').html();
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/huizhou/zwgk/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/huizhou/zwgk/index.ts
index 7097cd67e5..ca20ebd90c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/huizhou/zwgk/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/huizhou/zwgk/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -52,15 +52,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const title = $('span#navigation').children('a').last().text();
     const list = $('ul.ul_art_row')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a').text().trim(),
-            link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
-            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('li.li_art_date').text()), 8),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('a').text().trim(),
+                link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('li.li_art_date').text()), 8),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
@@ -69,13 +71,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     item.author = content('div.info_fbt')
                         .find('span.ly')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/来源：(.*)/)[1];
+                        .match(/来源：(.*)/)![1];
                     item.pubDate = timezone(
                         parseDate(
                             content('div.info_fbt')
                                 .find('span.time')
                                 .text()
-                                .match(/时间：(.*)/)[1]
+                                .match(/时间：(.*)/)![1]
                         ),
                         8
                     );
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/hunan/changsha/major-email.ts b/lib/routes/gov/hunan/changsha/major-email.ts
index 0bdc2ddacb..a3d9af7159 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/hunan/changsha/major-email.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/hunan/changsha/major-email.ts
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ async function handler() {
         .slice(1)
         .toArray()
         .map((tr) => {
-            tr = $(tr);
+            const $tr = $(tr);
 
             return {
-                title: tr.find('td[title]').attr('title'),
-                link: baseUrl + tr.find('td[title] > a').attr('href'),
-                author: tr.find('td:last').text(),
+                title: $tr.find('td[title]').attr('title')!,
+                link: baseUrl + $tr.find('td[title] > a').attr('href'),
+                author: $tr.find('td:last').text(),
             };
         });
 
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ async function handler() {
                 const $ = load(postPage.data);
 
                 const data = {
-                    title: item.title,
-                    description: $('.letter-details').html().trim(),
+                    title: item.title!,
+                    description: $('.letter-details').html()!.trim(),
                     pubDate: parseDate($('.letter-details div:first table tr:nth-child(2) > .td_label2').text() + ' +0800', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss ZZ'),
                     link: item.link,
                     author: item.author,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/jgjcndrc/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/jgjcndrc/index.ts
index 18e3342eb8..feda6fb0d0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/jgjcndrc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/jgjcndrc/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
             link: new URL(`prod-api/portal/article/${item.articleId}`, rootUrl).href,
             guid,
             id: guid,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
     });
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('header img').last().prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('header img').last().prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: `${$('title').text()}${$('div.tit').text() ? ` - ${$('div.tit').text()}` : ''}`,
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('header h1').text(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
@@ -114,9 +114,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
         {
             source: ['www.jgjcndrc.org.cn/list'],
             target: (_, url) => {
-                url = new URL(url);
-                const columnId = url.searchParams.get('clmId');
-                const subColumnId = url.searchParams.get('sclmId');
+                const { searchParams } = new URL(url);
+                const columnId = searchParams.get('clmId');
+                const subColumnId = searchParams.get('sclmId');
 
                 return `/jgjcndrc${columnId ? `/${columnId}${subColumnId ? `/${subColumnId}` : ''}` : ''}`;
             },
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/jiangsu/wlt/index.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/jiangsu/wlt/index.tsx
index e78203428a..b76b79c9ac 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/jiangsu/wlt/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/jiangsu/wlt/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,14 +48,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.tg_tb1')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const i = $(item);
             const id = i.prop('onclick').match(/openDetail\('(\d+)'\)/)?.[1] || '';
             return {
                 title: i.text(),
                 link: id ? `${baseUrl}/detail.do?iid=${id}` : '',
                 description: '',
-                pubDate: '',
             };
         })
         .filter((e) => e.link);
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/jinan/healthcommission/medical-exam-notice.ts b/lib/routes/gov/jinan/healthcommission/medical-exam-notice.ts
index dfe67b19a8..3c8eb94539 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/jinan/healthcommission/medical-exam-notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/jinan/healthcommission/medical-exam-notice.ts
@@ -53,16 +53,16 @@ async function handler() {
         link: `${baseUrl}/col/col14418/index.html`,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
             // 获取每个item对应的html字符串
-            item = $(item).text();
+            const $item = $(item).text();
 
             // 解析上一步中的html
-            const html = load(item);
+            const html = load($item);
 
             const title = html('td[width="620"] a').attr('title');
             const link = html('td[width="620"] a').attr('href');
             const date = timezone(parseDate(html('td[width="100"]').text()), 8);
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 description: title,
                 pubDate: date,
                 link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/lswz/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/lswz/index.ts
index f881e8216e..b2ff536e83 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/lswz/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/lswz/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('ul.lists li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('table.pages_content, div.article-content, div.TRS_UEDITOR, div.TRS_PreAppend').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('div.lsj-index-logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.lsj-index-logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[name="SiteName"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/maonan/maonan.ts b/lib/routes/gov/maonan/maonan.ts
index 807cd77cbb..0c79344827 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/maonan/maonan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/maonan/maonan.ts
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((i, item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const url = new URL(item.attr('href'));
+            const url = new URL($item.attr('href')!);
             const link = url.href;
 
             const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('a[href="' + link + '"] ~ .time').text()), 8);
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 switch (url.host) {
                     case 'mp.weixin.qq.com':
                         return {
-                            title: item.text(),
+                            title: $item.text(),
                             description: content('#js_content').html(),
                             pubDate,
                             link,
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         switch (url.pathname) {
                             case '/zcjdpt':
                                 return {
-                                    title: content('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').attr('content'),
+                                    title: content('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').attr('content')!,
                                     description: content('.wrap').html(),
                                     pubDate,
                                     link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/mee/nnsa.ts b/lib/routes/gov/mee/nnsa.ts
index cc2f66b74a..5cdeab84a6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/mee/nnsa.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/mee/nnsa.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('a.cjcx_biaob, ul#div li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.text();
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             const processedItem: DataItem = {
                 title,
                 link: linkUrl ? (linkUrl.startsWith('http') ? linkUrl : new URL(linkUrl as string, baseUrl).href) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').attr('content') ?? item.title;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.logo img').attr('src') ? new URL($('a.logo img').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: $('meta[name="SiteName"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/mee/ywdt.ts b/lib/routes/gov/mee/ywdt.ts
index 57f58a44d7..1ac792bf60 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/mee/ywdt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/mee/ywdt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,15 +54,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find(`div:nth-child(${columns[cate].order})`)
         .find('.mobile_none li , .mobile_clear li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const title = $(item).find('a.cjcx_biaob').text();
             const href = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
 
             let absolute_path;
-            if (href.search(String.raw`\./`) === 0) {
-                absolute_path = `${url}${href.slice(2)}`;
-            } else if (href.search(String.raw`\./`) === 1) {
-                absolute_path = `${baseUrl}${href.slice(3)}`;
+            if (href!.search(String.raw`\./`) === 0) {
+                absolute_path = `${url}${href!.slice(2)}`;
+            } else if (href!.search(String.raw`\./`) === 1) {
+                absolute_path = `${baseUrl}${href!.slice(3)}`;
             } else {
                 absolute_path = href;
             }
@@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                 try {
-                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name=PubDate]').attr('content')), 8);
+                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name=PubDate]').attr('content')!), 8);
                     // 视频新闻规则不一样
                     if (cate === 'spxw') {
-                        item.title = content('meta[name=ArticleTitle]').attr('content');
+                        item.title = content('meta[name=ArticleTitle]').attr('content')!;
                         // 取消视频自动播放
                         const video_control = content('.neiright_JPZ_GK_CP video');
                         video_control.removeAttr('autoplay');
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         const video_source = content('.neiright_JPZ_GK_CP source');
                         const video_href = video_source.attr('src');
                         const _title_href = item.link.split('/').at(-1);
-                        const _video_src = item.link.replace(_title_href, () => video_href.slice(2));
+                        const _video_src = item.link.replace(_title_href!, () => video_href!.slice(2));
                         video_source.attr('src', _video_src);
                     }
                     item.description = content('.neiright_JPZ_GK_CP').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/mem/sgcc.ts b/lib/routes/gov/mem/sgcc.ts
index cab0a251d7..973dc2cbc2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/mem/sgcc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/mem/sgcc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,16 +47,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('a[title]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             const regExp = new RegExp(String.raw`\/sgcc\/${category}\/\.\.\.`);
-            const link = new URL(`${category}/${item.prop('href').replace(/\.\//, '')}`, currentUrl).href.replace(regExp, '');
+            const link = new URL(`${category}/${$item.prop('href')!.replace(/\.\//, '')}`, currentUrl).href.replace(regExp, '');
 
             return {
-                title: item.contents().first().text(),
+                title: $item.contents().first().text(),
                 link,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
                 enclosure_url: link,
                 enclosure_type: `application/${link.split(/\./).pop()}`,
             };
@@ -77,15 +77,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         )
     );
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="ColumnDescription"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
-        image: new URL($('#imag').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
+        image: new URL($('#imag').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="ColumnName"]').prop('content'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/mem/zfxxgkpt.ts b/lib/routes/gov/mem/zfxxgkpt.ts
index d41c7a306c..d6f8841b05 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/mem/zfxxgkpt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/mem/zfxxgkpt.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const aLabel = $(item).find('a[href]');
             const href = aLabel.attr('href');
             if (href) {
-                const link = currentUrl + aLabel.attr('href').replaceAll('..', '');
+                const link = currentUrl + aLabel.attr('href')!.replaceAll('..', '');
                 return {
                     title: aLabel.contents().first().text(),
                     link,
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             }
             return null;
         })
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter(Boolean) as Array<{ title: string; link: string; pubDate: Date }>;
 
-    items = await Promise.all(
+    items = (await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                 if (!item.link.endsWith('.html') && !item.link.endsWith('.shtml')) {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 };
             })
         )
-    );
+    )) as typeof items;
 
     return {
         item: items,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/mfa/wjdt.ts b/lib/routes/gov/mfa/wjdt.ts
index 0cdeb13e0c..4947a5db90 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/mfa/wjdt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/mfa/wjdt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('ul.list1 li a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 35)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href').replace(/^\./, () => currentUrl),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href')!.replace(/^\./, () => currentUrl),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/miit/wjfb.ts b/lib/routes/gov/miit/wjfb.ts
index a2ac209f73..4e1ced1908 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/miit/wjfb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/miit/wjfb.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => ({
             url: `${rootUrl}${indexContent(item).attr('url')}`,
-            queryData: JSON.parse(indexContent(item).attr('querydata').replaceAll('"', '|').replaceAll(/['|]/g, '"')),
+            queryData: JSON.parse(indexContent(item).attr('querydata')!.replaceAll('"', '|').replaceAll(/['|]/g, '"')),
         }))[0];
 
     const dataUrl = `${dataRequestUrl.url}?${Object.entries(dataRequestUrl.queryData)
@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data.data.html);
     const list = $('ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             title: $(item).find('a').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
+            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
         }));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/miit/wjgs.ts b/lib/routes/gov/miit/wjgs.ts
index 30dbbed643..e67657cbdd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/miit/wjgs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/miit/wjgs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const buildStatic = $('script[parseType=buildstatic]');
     const requestUrl = buildStatic.attr('url');
-    const queryData = JSON.parse(buildStatic.attr('querydata').replaceAll("'", '"'));
+    const queryData = JSON.parse(buildStatic.attr('querydata')!.replaceAll("'", '"'));
 
     const { data } = await got(`${baseUrl}${requestUrl}`, {
         headers: {
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ async function handler() {
 
     let items = list('.page-content ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = list(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = list(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.fr').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.fr').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
                 item.author = $('.cinfo')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/来源：(.*)/)[1];
+                    .match(/来源：(.*)/)![1];
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('#con_time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8);
                 item.description = $('.ccontent').html();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/miit/yjzj.ts b/lib/routes/gov/miit/yjzj.ts
index b8f63fcab7..ea0af81ae5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/miit/yjzj.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/miit/yjzj.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler() {
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => ({
             url: `${rootUrl}${indexContent(item).attr('url')}`,
-            queryData: JSON.parse(indexContent(item).attr('querydata').replaceAll('"', '|').replaceAll(/['|]/g, '"')),
+            queryData: JSON.parse(indexContent(item).attr('querydata')!.replaceAll('"', '|').replaceAll(/['|]/g, '"')),
         }))[0];
 
     const dataUrl = `${dataRequestUrl.url}?${Object.entries(dataRequestUrl.queryData)
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data.data.html);
     const list = $('ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             title: $(item).find('a').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
+            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
         }));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/miit/zcjd.ts b/lib/routes/gov/miit/zcjd.ts
index cc13f0b4c1..38f3123984 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/miit/zcjd.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/miit/zcjd.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const buildStatic = $('script[parseType=buildstatic]');
     const requestUrl = buildStatic.attr('url');
-    const queryData = JSON.parse(buildStatic.attr('querydata').replaceAll("'", '"'));
+    const queryData = JSON.parse(buildStatic.attr('querydata')!.replaceAll("'", '"'));
 
     const { data } = await got(`${baseUrl}${requestUrl}`, {
         headers: {
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ async function handler() {
 
     let items = list('.page-content ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = list(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = list(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.fr').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.fr').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
                 item.author = $('.cinfo')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/来源：(.*)/)[1];
+                    .match(/来源：(.*)/)![1];
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('#con_time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8);
                 item.description = $('.ccontent').html();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/miit/zcwj.ts b/lib/routes/gov/miit/zcwj.ts
index 59bbc09dc1..5dbd557284 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/miit/zcwj.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/miit/zcwj.ts
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ async function handler() {
             const $ = load(item);
             const $a = $('a');
             let link = $a.attr('href');
-            if (link.startsWith('..')) {
+            if (link!.startsWith('..')) {
                 link = base_url + link;
             }
 
-            const cacheIn = await cache.get(link);
+            const cacheIn = await cache.get(link!);
             if (cacheIn) {
                 return JSON.parse(cacheIn);
             }
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 link,
             };
 
-            cache.set(link, JSON.stringify(single));
+            cache.set(link!, JSON.stringify(single));
             return single;
         })
     );
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/moa/gjs.ts b/lib/routes/gov/moa/gjs.ts
index 33276dec27..a7618085cd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/moa/gjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/moa/gjs.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('ul#div li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a');
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: parseDate(pubDateStr),
                 link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, targetUrl).href : undefined,
                 updated: parseDate(upDatedStr),
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').attr('content') ?? '';
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const $enclosureEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$('div.sj_fujianxia_right ul li a').first();
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: new URL('images/logo-china.png', baseUrl).href,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/moa/moa.ts b/lib/routes/gov/moa/moa.ts
index 2abc707111..0237d07648 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/moa/moa.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/moa/moa.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ async function dealChannel(suburl, selectors) {
 
     const pageInfos = $(listSelector)
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
+        .map((e): DataItem & { pageType: string; link: string } => {
             const element = $(e);
             const titleElement = element.find(titleSelector);
 
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ async function dealNormalPage(link, item) {
     const exactTime = $(metaElements[0]).text();
     const dateMatch = /\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/.exec(exactTime);
     const timeMatch = /\d{2}:\d{2}/.exec(exactTime);
-    item.pubDate = parseRelativeDate(`${dateMatch[0]} ${timeMatch[0]}`);
+    item.pubDate = parseRelativeDate(`${dateMatch![0]} ${timeMatch![0]}`);
 
     item.description = $('.arc_body').html();
 
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ async function dealGovpublicPage(link, item) {
     const body = $('.gsj_htmlcon_bot');
     const [, year, month, date] = $('.pubtime')
         .text()
-        .match(/：(\d{4})[|年-](\d{1,2})[|月-](\d{1,2})日?/);
+        .match(/：(\d{4})[|年-](\d{1,2})[|月-](\d{1,2})日?/)!;
     const [, author] = $('.pubtime.source')
         ?.text()
         ?.match(/：(.+)/) ?? [null, ''];
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/moa/szcpxx.ts b/lib/routes/gov/moa/szcpxx.ts
index 5b06320f6e..fe888b3ee7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/moa/szcpxx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/moa/szcpxx.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -21,16 +21,16 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.ztst_list_contBox_inner ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a.content');
+            const a = $item.find('a.content');
 
             return {
-                title: a.prop('title'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.pubTime').text().split(/：/).pop(), 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                language,
+                title: a.prop('title') ?? '',
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.pubTime').text().split(/：/).pop()!, 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.gsj_htmlcon_bot, div.TRS_Editor').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = `${$('title').text()} - ${$('li.now').text()}`;
-    const image = new URL($('img.leftLogo').prop('src'), currentUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('img.leftLogo').prop('src')!, currentUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: '中华人民共和国农业农村部',
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/moe/moe.ts b/lib/routes/gov/moe/moe.ts
index 48df65e9c9..54c53a617f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/moe/moe.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/moe/moe.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     if (id === '') {
         logger.error('The given type not found.');
-        return;
+        return null;
     }
 
     const response = await got(moeUrl);
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: moeUrl,
         item: await Promise.all(
             newsLis.toArray().map(async (item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
 
-                const firstA = item.find('a');
-                const itemUrl = new URL(firstA.attr('href'), moeUrl).href;
+                const firstA = $item.find('a');
+                const itemUrl = new URL(firstA.attr('href')!, moeUrl).href;
 
                 // some live pages have no content, just return the liva page url
                 const infos = itemUrl.includes('/live/')
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                           description: firstA.html(),
                       }
                     : await cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
-                          const res = {};
+                          const res: { description?: DataItem['description'] } = {};
                           const response = await got({
                               method: 'get',
                               url: itemUrl,
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     title: firstA.text(),
                     description: infos.description,
                     link: itemUrl,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'MM-DD'),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'MM-DD'),
                 };
             })
         ),
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/moe/s78.ts b/lib/routes/gov/moe/s78.ts
index d68593c182..09a9823dc9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/moe/s78.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/moe/s78.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('#list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), link).href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, link).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/mof/bond.ts b/lib/routes/gov/mof/bond.ts
index a3398238d3..a0970afe92 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/mof/bond.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/mof/bond.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const description = $('meta[name="ColumnDescription"]').prop('content');
     const indexes = $('ul.liBox li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((li) => {
+        .map((li): DataItem => {
             const a = $(li).find('a');
             const pubDate = $(li).find('span').text();
             const href = a.prop('href');
-            const link = href.startsWith('http') ? href : new URL(href, currentUrl).href;
+            const link = href!.startsWith('http') ? href : new URL(href!, currentUrl).href;
             return {
-                title: a.prop('title'),
+                title: a.prop('title') ?? '',
                 link,
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(pubDate), 8),
             };
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         indexes.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
                 item.description = content('div.my_doccontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/mofcom/article.ts b/lib/routes/gov/mofcom/article.ts
index cbda728c85..816a5be3f5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/mofcom/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/mofcom/article.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,21 +25,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     $('.listline').remove();
     const list = $('.txtList_01 li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             const date =
-                item.find('span').length === 0
-                    ? item
+                $item.find('span').length === 0
+                    ? $item
                           .find('a')
-                          .attr('title')
-                          .match(/(\d{4}年\d{1,2}月\d{1,2})/)[1]
-                    : item
+                          .attr('title')!
+                          .match(/(\d{4}年\d{1,2}月\d{1,2})/)![1]
+                    : $item
                           .find('span')
                           .text()
-                          .match(/((\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})(\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})?)/)[1];
+                          .match(/((\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})(\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})?)/)![1];
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: host + item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: host + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(date, ['YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss', 'YYYY-MM-DD', 'YYYY年M月D']), 8),
             };
         });
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 } else {
                     item.description = $('.art-con').html() || /* xwfb/xwztfbh */ $('.textlive').html();
                 }
-                item.pubDate = $('meta[name="PubDate"]').length ? timezone(parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content'), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8) : item.pubDate;
+                item.pubDate = $('meta[name="PubDate"]').length ? timezone(parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8) : item.pubDate;
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/moj/aac/news.ts b/lib/routes/gov/moj/aac/news.ts
index f8e9b2c9be..c4b8d6c84e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/moj/aac/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/moj/aac/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     $('.num').remove();
     const list = $('.list ul li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const isDownload = /檔案下載/.test(item.attr('title'));
-            const title = isDownload ? item.text().trim() : item.attr('title');
+        .map((item): DataItem & { isDownload?: boolean; link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const isDownload = /檔案下載/.test($item.attr('title')!);
+            const title = isDownload ? $item.text().trim() : $item.attr('title');
             return {
-                title,
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                title: title!,
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 isDownload,
             };
         });
@@ -55,9 +55,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response.data);
 
-                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('.info time').attr('datetime'), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
+                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('.info time').attr('datetime')!, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
                     $('.info, button').remove();
-                    item.description = $('.cp').html() + ($('.lightbox_slider').length ? $('.lightbox_slider').html() : '') + ($('.file_download').length ? $('.file_download').html() : '');
+                    item.description = $('.cp').html()! + ($('.lightbox_slider').length ? $('.lightbox_slider').html() : '')! + ($('.file_download').length ? $('.file_download').html() : '');
                 }
                 delete item.isDownload;
                 return item;
@@ -69,6 +69,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link: url,
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-TW',
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/moj/lfyjzj.ts b/lib/routes/gov/moj/lfyjzj.ts
index 6a3b790ae6..ad989c1cb9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/moj/lfyjzj.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/moj/lfyjzj.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ async function handler() {
     const icon = new URL('/images/sfbgw_favicon.ico', rootUrl).href;
     const indexes = $('ul.newsMsgList_zzy li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((li) => {
+        .map((li): DataItem => {
             const a = $(li).find('a');
             const pubDate = $(li).find('div.rightData').text();
             const href = a.prop('href');
-            const link = href.startsWith('http') ? href : new URL(href, currentUrl).href;
+            const link = href!.startsWith('http') ? href : new URL(href!, currentUrl).href;
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/mot/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/mot/index.ts
index 9af943b55a..04d28c43bd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/mot/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/mot/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.tab-pane a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.attr('title') ?? $el.find('span').first().text();
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? parseDate(pubDateStr) : undefined,
                 link: linkUrl ? (linkUrl.startsWith('http') ? linkUrl : new URL(linkUrl as string, targetUrl).href) : undefined,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1').first().text();
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             $$('meta[name="ColumnType"]').attr('content'),
                             $$('meta[name="ContentSource"]').attr('content'),
                             ...($$('meta[name="Keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(';') ?? []),
-                        ].filter(Boolean)
+                        ].filter(Boolean) as string[]
                     ),
                 ];
                 const authors: DataItem['author'] = [$$('meta[name="ColumnSource"]').attr('content'), $$('meta[name="Author"]').attr('content')].filter(Boolean).map((author) => ({
-                    name: author,
+                    name: author!,
                     url: undefined,
                     avatar: undefined,
                 }));
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.navbar-brand img').attr('src') ? new URL($('a.navbar-brand img').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: $('meta[name="SiteName"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/fggz.ts b/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/fggz.ts
index f49a3f168a..f288fce109 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/fggz.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/fggz.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -662,13 +662,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('ul.u-list li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.prop('title') || item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.next().text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                title: $item.prop('title') || $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.next().text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
             };
         });
 
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="ColumnDescription"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="ColumnName"]').prop('content'),
         author: $('meta[name="SiteName"]').prop('content'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/xwdt.ts b/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/xwdt.ts
index faf5ac9749..4f5a1dea25 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/xwdt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/xwdt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,23 +45,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.u-list li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            let link = item.attr('href');
-            if (link.indexOf('../../..') === 0) {
-                link = `${rootUrl}${link.replace('../../..', '')}`;
-            } else if (link.indexOf('.') === 0) {
-                link = `${currentUrl}${link.replace('.', '')}`;
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            let link = $item.attr('href');
+            if (link!.startsWith('../../..')) {
+                link = `${rootUrl}${link!.replace('../../..', '')}`;
+            } else if (link!.startsWith('.')) {
+                link = `${currentUrl}${link!.replace('.', '')}`;
             }
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
+                title: $item.text(),
                 link,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/zfxxgk.ts b/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/zfxxgk.ts
index aa75bde7a4..88c3194a71 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/zfxxgk.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/ndrc/zfxxgk.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -22,16 +22,16 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.zwxxkg-result tr')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a.xxgk_list1');
+            const a = $item.find('a.xxgk_list1');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('td').last().text()),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                language,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('td').last().text()),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.article').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
-                item.enclosure_url = $$('table.enclosure a.xxgk_list1').length === 0 ? undefined : new URL($$('table.enclosure a.xxgk_list1').first().prop('href'), currentUrl).href;
+                item.language = language as Language;
+                item.enclosure_url = $$('table.enclosure a.xxgk_list1').length === 0 ? undefined : new URL($$('table.enclosure a.xxgk_list1').first().prop('href')!, currentUrl).href;
                 item.enclosure_title = item.enclosure_url ? $$('table.enclosure a.xxgk_list1').first().text() : undefined;
 
                 return item;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('div.zwgklogo img').prop('src'), currentUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.zwgklogo img').prop('src')!, currentUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: `${$('meta[name="SiteName"]').prop('content')} - ${$('div.zwgktoptitle').text()}`,
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[name="SiteName"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/nea/bureau.ts b/lib/routes/gov/nea/bureau.ts
index cb9554985c..24df9f1f3c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/nea/bureau.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/nea/bureau.ts
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             pubDate: item.publishTime ? timezone(parseDate(item.publishTime), 8) : undefined,
             description: item.summary?.trim() || title,
             author: [...new Set([item.sourceText, item.author, item.editor, item.responsibleEditor].filter(Boolean))].map((author) => ({
-                name: author,
+                name: author!,
             })),
             category: item.keywords.split(/,/),
         };
@@ -85,9 +85,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item: DataItem) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
-                    const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $ = load(response);
 
                     item.title = $('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').prop('content') || item.title;
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/nfra/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/nfra/index.ts
index e62f21ee3f..d25339674e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/nfra/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/nfra/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: item.type,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/nifdc/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/nifdc/index.ts
index fe3cff0961..3e9682b51a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/nifdc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/nifdc/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,22 +42,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('div.list ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             const link = a.prop('href');
 
             return {
                 title: a.prop('title') || a.text(),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link, currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text().replaceAll(/\(|\)/g, '')),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text().replaceAll(/\(|\)/g, '')),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
@@ -85,15 +85,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), currentUrl).href;
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), currentUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, currentUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, currentUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text().replace(/----/, ' - '),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="ColumnDescription"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/nmpa/generic.ts b/lib/routes/gov/nmpa/generic.ts
index d1ecbe97fc..473d5825dd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/nmpa/generic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/nmpa/generic.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,12 +46,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 description: $('meta[name=ColumnDescription]').attr('content'),
                 items: $('.list ul li')
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((item) => {
-                        item = $(item);
+                    .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+                        const $item = $(item);
                         return {
-                            title: item.find('a').text().trim(),
-                            link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                            pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                            title: $item.find('a').text().trim(),
+                            link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                            pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                         };
                     }),
             };
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const { data: html } = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(html);
                     item.description = $('.text').html();
-                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!), 8);
                     return item;
                 });
             }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/nopss/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/nopss/index.ts
index dce01505b3..5c462fb95b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/nopss/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/nopss/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.p2j_list_con .clearfix li a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 40)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.next().text(), '[YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm]'), 8),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.next().text(), '[YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm]'), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/npc/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/npc/index.ts
index 703bcad4ee..be12b78c74 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/npc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/npc/index.ts
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // 获取每条的链接
     const links = $('.clist a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => new URL($(item).attr('href'), baseurl).href);
+        .map((item) => new URL($(item).attr('href')!, baseurl).href);
     // 获取标题、日期、内容
     const items = await Promise.all(
         links.map((link) =>
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const title = $('title').text().replace('_中国人大网', '');
                 const time = $('script:contains("fbrq")')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/fbrq = "(.*?)"/)[1];
+                    .match(/fbrq = "(.*?)"/)![1];
                 const description = $('#Zoom').html();
 
                 return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/nrta/dsj.ts b/lib/routes/gov/nrta/dsj.ts
index b0cb107bc4..dc77aa4781 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/nrta/dsj.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/nrta/dsj.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('img[src="/site/styles/default/images/icon_arrow_r.gif"]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).next();
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item).next();
 
-            const pubDateMatches = item.text().match(/(\d+年\d+月)/);
+            const pubDateMatches = $item.text().match(/(\d+年\d+月)/);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 pubDate: pubDateMatches ? parseDate(pubDateMatches[1], ['YYYY年MM月', 'YYYY年M月']) : undefined,
             };
         });
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${$('title').text()}-${$('div.headbottom_menu_selected').text()}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('td').last().text(),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: $('img').first().prop('src'),
         author: '国家广播电影电视总局电视剧管理司',
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/nrta/news.ts b/lib/routes/gov/nrta/news.ts
index 87455afdad..1647ff62f3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/nrta/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/nrta/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,15 +54,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('a', 'record')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: Object.hasOwn(categories, category) ? categories[category] : '其他',
         link: `http://www.nrta.gov.cn/col/col${category}/index.html`,
         description: '国家广播电视总局',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/nsfc/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/nsfc/index.ts
index 4c4174bb45..d2fe87003d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/nsfc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/nsfc/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -76,14 +76,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('span.fl a, ul.dp_lia li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.prop('title') ?? item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                guid: `nsfc-${item.prop('id')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.next().text().replace(/\[\]/g, '', ['YYYY-MM-DD', 'YY-MM-DD'])),
+                title: $item.prop('title') ?? $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                guid: `nsfc-${$item.prop('id')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.next().text().replaceAll('[]', '')),
             };
         });
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.pubDate = parseDate(
                     content('div.line_xilan')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/日期 (\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)[1]
+                        .match(/日期 (\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)![1]
                 );
 
                 return item;
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .join(' - ')}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="DESCRIPTION"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="KEYWORDS"]').prop('content'),
         author: $('meta[name="AUTHOR"]').prop('content'),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/pbc/goutongjiaoliu.ts b/lib/routes/gov/pbc/goutongjiaoliu.ts
index 4fc2721ce3..c66b2b9167 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/pbc/goutongjiaoliu.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/pbc/goutongjiaoliu.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -47,24 +47,24 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(html);
     const list = $('font.newslist_style')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a[title]');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a[title]');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), 'http://www.pbc.gov.cn').href,
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, 'http://www.pbc.gov.cn').href,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailPage = await context.newPage();
                 await detailPage.route('**/*', (route) => {
                     const request = route.request();
                     request.resourceType() === 'document' || request.resourceType() === 'script' ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                 });
-                await detailPage.goto(item.link, {
+                await detailPage.goto(item.link!, {
                     waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
                 });
                 const detailHtml = await detailPage.evaluate(() => document.documentElement.getHTML());
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/pbc/gzlw.ts b/lib/routes/gov/pbc/gzlw.ts
index 760b318eb9..1419b3d1eb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/pbc/gzlw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/pbc/gzlw.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async function handler() {
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => ({
             title: $(item).find('a').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
+            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
             author: $(item).find('span.fr').text().replaceAll('…', ''),
         }));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/pbc/trade-announcement.ts b/lib/routes/gov/pbc/trade-announcement.ts
index 8a803dd934..cdfab304c7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/pbc/trade-announcement.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/pbc/trade-announcement.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -40,24 +40,24 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(html);
     const list = $('font.newslist_style')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a[title]');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a[title]');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), 'http://www.pbc.gov.cn').href,
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, 'http://www.pbc.gov.cn').href,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailPage = await context.newPage();
                 await detailPage.route('**/*', (route) => {
                     const request = route.request();
                     request.resourceType() === 'document' || request.resourceType() === 'script' ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                 });
-                await detailPage.goto(item.link, {
+                await detailPage.goto(item.link!, {
                     waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
                 });
                 const detailHtml = await detailPage.evaluate(() => document.documentElement.getHTML());
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/pbc/zcyj.ts b/lib/routes/gov/pbc/zcyj.ts
index 501401afb3..b975f0f54e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/pbc/zcyj.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/pbc/zcyj.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async function handler() {
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => ({
             title: $(item).find('a').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
+            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('span.fr').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
         }));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/safe/util.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/safe/util.tsx
index 5fe99857c8..a63117f0e8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/safe/util.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/safe/util.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
+import type { Language } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ const zxfkCategoryApis = {
     tsjy: 'www/complaint/complaintQuery?siteid=',
 };
 
-const processZxfkItems = async (site = 'beijing', category = 'ywzx', limit = '3') => {
+const processZxfkItems = async (site = 'beijing', category = 'ywzx', limit = 3) => {
     const apiUrl = new URL(`${zxfkCategoryApis[category]}${site}`, rootUrl).href;
     const currentUrl = new URL(`${site}/${category}/index.html`, rootUrl).href;
 
@@ -26,9 +27,9 @@ const processZxfkItems = async (site = 'beijing', category = 'ywzx', limit = '3'
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const spans = item.find('span[objid]');
+            const spans = $item.find('span[objid]');
 
             const message = {
                 author: spans.first().text().replace(/:$/, ''),
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ const processZxfkItems = async (site = 'beijing', category = 'ywzx', limit = '3'
         title: `${author} - ${subtitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: content('meta[name="ColumnDescription"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/samr/xgzlyhd.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/samr/xgzlyhd.tsx
index de67c8dcd4..33fb364158 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/samr/xgzlyhd.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/samr/xgzlyhd.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -221,14 +221,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const author = '国家市场监督管理总局';
     const title = $('title').text();
     const subtitle = [categoryOption ? categoryOption.name : undefined, departmentOption ? departmentOption.name : undefined].filter(Boolean).join(' - ');
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${author}${title}${subtitle ? ` - ${subtitle}` : ''}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image: new URL(`gjjly/${$('div.fd-logo img').prop('src')}`, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/sasac/generic.ts b/lib/routes/gov/sasac/generic.ts
index 95335bbf7e..a3105d2f2c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/sasac/generic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/sasac/generic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,18 +37,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.zsy_conlist li')
         .toArray()
         .filter((item) => !$(item).attr('style'))
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), url).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text().replace('[', '').replace(']', '')),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, url).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text().replace('[', '').replace(']', '')),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 $('style, #qr_container, #div_div, [class^=jiathis]').remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/sh/fgw/index.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/sh/fgw/index.tsx
index 0ebbdb4a8d..ede931fde9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/sh/fgw/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/sh/fgw/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,21 +39,21 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('ul.nowrapli li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').prop('title'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.time').text()),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                language,
+                title: $item.find('a').prop('title')!,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.time').text()),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (!item.link.endsWith('.html')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (!item.link!.endsWith('.html')) {
                     item.enclosure_url = item.link;
                     item.enclosure_type = item.link ? `application/${item.link.split(/\./).pop()}` : undefined;
                     item.enclosure_title = item.title;
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 };
                 item.image = image;
                 item.banner = image;
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 const enclosureUrl = $$('div.pdf-content a, div.xgfj a').first().prop('href');
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/sh/wgj/wgj.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/sh/wgj/wgj.tsx
index 0010cb8e73..a6fd6cc6fe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/sh/wgj/wgj.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/sh/wgj/wgj.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,16 +48,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('#div_md > table > tbody > tr > td:nth-child(1) > a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.prop('innerText').replaceAll(/\s/g, ''),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.prop('innerText')!.replaceAll(/\s/g, ''),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: baseUrl + item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/sh/wsjkw/yqtb/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/sh/wsjkw/yqtb/index.ts
index d6004ed5ef..83c3f87d76 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/sh/wsjkw/yqtb/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/sh/wsjkw/yqtb/index.ts
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ async function handler() {
         title: '疫情通报-上海卫健委',
         link: url,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').text();
-            const address = item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').text();
+            const address = $item.find('a').attr('href');
             const host = 'https://wsjkw.sh.gov.cn';
-            const pubDate = parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
+            const pubDate = parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
             return {
                 title,
                 description: title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/sh/yjj/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/sh/yjj/index.ts
index 651663f913..dff5a08a2f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/sh/yjj/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/sh/yjj/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,21 +43,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.pageList li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.next().text()),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.next().text()),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const pubDate = content('meta[name="pubdate"]').attr('content') || content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content');
 
                     item.description = content('#ivs_content').html();
-                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(pubDate, ['YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm']), 8);
+                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(pubDate!, ['YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm']), 8);
                 } catch {
                     // no-empty
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/shaanxi/kjt.ts b/lib/routes/gov/shaanxi/kjt.ts
index 785db88b43..7b8f11d90b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/shaanxi/kjt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/shaanxi/kjt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,19 +42,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.textlist li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.prev().text()),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.prev().text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.description = content('.info_content').html();
                 item.author = content('meta[name="Author"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!), 8);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/szlh/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/szlh/index.ts
index 2bd7232503..5a0f948bca 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/szlh/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/szlh/index.ts
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('div.lists ul li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             // Extract the date from <i>
             const date = a.find('i').text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/xxgk/zfxxgj.ts b/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/xxgk/zfxxgj.ts
index 16db56327a..4fe5788b32 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/xxgk/zfxxgj.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/xxgk/zfxxgj.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -60,22 +60,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.zx_ml_list ul li span.tit')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).find('a');
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                 item.description = content('div.news_cont_d_wrap').html();
                 if (content('div.fjdown').html() !== null) {
-                    item.description += content('div.fjdown').html();
+                    item.description! += content('div.fjdown').html()!;
                 }
                 item.pubDate = timezone(
                     parseDate(
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/zjj/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/zjj/index.ts
index 4060e8e220..0e32f91651 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/zjj/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/shenzhen/zjj/index.ts
@@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .toArray()
         // 使用“map()”方法遍历数组，并从每个元素中解析需要的数据。
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 // `link` 需要一个绝对 URL，但 `a.attr('href')` 返回一个相对 URL。
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YY-MM-DD'), 0),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YY-MM-DD'), 0),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/sichuan/deyang/govpublicinfo.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/sichuan/deyang/govpublicinfo.tsx
index 60ddd8fcf0..f3f919f241 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/sichuan/deyang/govpublicinfo.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/sichuan/deyang/govpublicinfo.tsx
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ const getInfoUrlList = async (rootUrl, infoBasicUrl) => {
     const infoList = $('.list_div li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => ({
-            title: $('a', item).attr('title'),
+            title: $('a', item).attr('title')!,
             url: `${rootUrl}${$('a', item).attr('href')}`,
         }));
     return infoList;
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             description: renderToString(
                 item._isCompleteInfo ? (
                     <>
-                        <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center">
+                        <table border={1} cellpadding={2} cellspacing={0} align="center">
                             <tbody>
                                 <tr>
                                     <td>索引号</td>
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/sichuan/deyang/mztoday.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/sichuan/deyang/mztoday.tsx
index dd28ad1942..6283ef2f92 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/sichuan/deyang/mztoday.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/sichuan/deyang/mztoday.tsx
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ const getInfoUrlList = async (url) => {
     const infoList = $('div.sl')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => ({
-            title: $('a', item).attr('title'),
+            title: $('a', item).attr('title')!,
             url: `${rootUrl}${$('a', item).attr('href')}`,
-            pubDate: parseDate(timezone($('div > div:nth-child(4)', item).html().trim()), 8),
+            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('div > div:nth-child(4)', item).html()!.trim()), 8),
         }));
     return infoList;
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/stats/index.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/stats/index.tsx
index 91b36e96e7..93c68068eb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/stats/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/stats/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -92,19 +92,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $($('a.pchide').length === 0 ? 'a[title]' : '.list-content a.pchide')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link, {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!, {
                     headers: {
                         Cookie: sid,
                         Referer: rootUrl,
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 // articles from www.news.cn or www.gov.cn
 
-                if (/news\.cn|www\.gov\.cn/.test(item.link)) {
+                if (/news\.cn|www\.gov\.cn/.test(item.link!)) {
                     if (content('.year').text()) {
                         item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(`${content('.year').text()}/${content('.day').text()} ${content('.time').text()}`, 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
                         item.author = content('.source')
@@ -143,14 +143,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.title ||= content('div.detail-title h1').text();
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('div.detail-title-des h2 p, .info').first().text().trim()), 8);
                 item.description = renderDescription({
-                    description: content('.TRS_Editor').html() || content('.TRS_UEDITOR').html(),
+                    description: (content('.TRS_Editor').html() || content('.TRS_UEDITOR').html()) ?? undefined,
                     attachments: content('a[oldsrc]')
                         .toArray()
                         .map((a) => {
-                            a = $(a);
+                            const $a = $(a);
                             return {
-                                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), item.link).href,
-                                name: a.text().trim(),
+                                link: new URL($a.attr('href')!, item.link!).href,
+                                name: $a.text().trim(),
                             };
                         }),
                 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/doc.ts b/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/doc.ts
index ec6f45619c..143edb8491 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/doc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/doc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,25 +37,25 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('.tr_main_value_odd')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a');
             return {
-                title: title.attr('title'),
+                title: title.attr('title')!,
                 link: `https://www.suzhou.gov.cn${title.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('td:nth-child(3)').text().trim()), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('td:nth-child(3)').text().trim()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 item.description = $('.article-content').html();
                 item.author = $('dd.addWidth:nth-child(3) div').text().trim();
-                item.pubDate = $('meta[name="PubDate"]').length ? timezone(parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content'), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8) : item.pubDate;
+                item.pubDate = $('meta[name="PubDate"]').length ? timezone(parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8) : item.pubDate;
                 item.category = $('.OwnerDept font')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((item) => $(item).text().trim());
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/fg.ts b/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/fg.ts
index 71b09ab90a..642b8d319f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/fg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/fg.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,20 +39,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('h4 a[title]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.prop('title') || item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                author: item.find('.author').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.parent().find('span.time').text().trim()),
+                title: $item.prop('title') || $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                author: $item.find('.author').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.parent().find('span.time').text().trim()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -69,14 +69,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const author = $('meta[name="SiteName"]').prop('content');
     const subtitle = $('meta[name="ColumnName"]').prop('content');
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${author} - ${subtitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="ColumnDescription"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         subtitle,
         author,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/news.ts b/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/news.ts
index 6b95249b7b..2fc90512a4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/news.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -150,12 +150,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         items = $('ul.infolist li')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
-                    title: a.attr('title'),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                    title: a.attr('title')!,
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
                 };
             });
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/taiyuan/rsj.ts b/lib/routes/gov/taiyuan/rsj.ts
index a8ffdecd3a..e7a333516b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/taiyuan/rsj.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/taiyuan/rsj.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import { type CheerioOptions, load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         throw new Error(response.statusMessage);
     }
 
-    const $ = load(response.data, { decodeEntities: false });
+    const $ = load(response.data, { decodeEntities: false } as CheerioOptions);
     const title = $('.tit').find('a:eq(2)').text();
     const list = $('.RightSide_con ul li')
         .toArray()
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const link = $(item).find('a');
             const date = $(item).find('span.fr');
             return {
-                title: link.attr('title'),
+                title: link.attr('title')!,
                 link: link.attr('href'),
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(date.text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             };
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/wuhan/whyw.ts b/lib/routes/gov/wuhan/whyw.ts
index 217d3d227f..20c02addd2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/wuhan/whyw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/wuhan/whyw.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,19 +39,19 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.articleList li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.time').text()), 8),
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.time').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/xuzhou/hrss.ts b/lib/routes/gov/xuzhou/hrss.ts
index 19f583a03f..5b2b579457 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/xuzhou/hrss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/xuzhou/hrss.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,20 +40,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(response.data);
 
-    let items = (category ? $('.module-items a') : $('.bdl[data-target="1"]').eq(1).find('a')).toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
+    let items = (category ? $('.module-items a') : $('.bdl[data-target="1"]').eq(1).find('a')).toArray().map((item): DataItem => {
+        const $item = $(item);
 
-        const link = item.attr('href');
+        const link = $item.attr('href');
 
         return {
-            title: item.attr('title'),
-            link: `${link.startsWith('http') ? '' : rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+            title: $item.attr('title')!,
+            link: `${link!.startsWith('http') ? '' : rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
         };
     });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.description = content('#Zoom, .mian-cont, .ewb-article-info, #UCAP-CONTENT').html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!), 8);
                 item.category = content('meta[name="Keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(' ');
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/zhejiang/gwy.ts b/lib/routes/gov/zhejiang/gwy.ts
index a608d8f50d..792212ca8c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/zhejiang/gwy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/zhejiang/gwy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -74,24 +74,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('a[onclick^="queryDetail"]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { tzid?: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const matches = item.prop('onclick').match(/queryDetail\('?(\d+)'?, '?(\d+)'?\);/);
+            const matches = $item.prop('onclick').match(/queryDetail\('?(\d+)'?, '?(\d+)'?\);/);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
+                title: $item.text(),
                 link: detailUrl,
-                category: matches[1],
-                guid: `zjks-${matches[1]}-${matches[2]}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.parent().next().text()),
-                tzid: matches[2],
+                category: matches![1],
+                guid: `zjks-${matches![1]}-${matches![2]}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.parent().next().text()),
+                tzid: matches![2],
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.guid, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.guid!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got.post(detailUrl, {
                     form: {
                         mkxh: item.category,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/govall.ts b/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/govall.ts
index 68fa2da4d9..19c4672cb5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/govall.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/govall.ts
@@ -25,12 +25,11 @@ const getMonthBoundary = (yearValue: string | null, monthValue: string | null, e
     const year = Number(yearValue);
     const month = monthValue ? Number(monthValue) : end ? 12 : 1;
 
-    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(year) || !Number.isSafeInteger(month) || year < 1000 || year > 9999 || month < 1 || month > 12) {
+    if (!year || !month || month < 1 || month > 12) {
         return '';
     }
 
-    const chinaOffset = 8 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
-    return end ? Date.UTC(year, month, 1) - chinaOffset - 1 : Date.UTC(year, month - 1, 1) - chinaOffset;
+    return end ? timezone(new Date(year, month, 1), 8).getTime() - 1 : timezone(new Date(year, month - 1, 1), 8).getTime();
 };
 
 const buildSearchRequest = (advance?: string) => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/index.ts
index 7721886622..bb21ffec9f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,28 +47,28 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('h4 a, div.subtitle a[title]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.prop('href');
+            const link = $item.prop('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link, currentUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link!, currentUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items
-            .filter((item) => /https?:\/\/www\.gov\.cn\/zhengce.*content_\d+\.htm/.test(item.link))
+            .filter((item) => /https?:\/\/www\.gov\.cn\/zhengce.*content_\d+\.htm/.test(item.link!))
             .slice(0, limit)
             .map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                     const content = load(detailResponse);
 
-                    const processElementText = (el) => content(el).text().split(/：/).pop().trim() || content(el).next().text().trim();
+                    const processElementText = (el) => content(el).text().split(/：/).pop()!.trim() || content(el).next().text().trim();
 
                     const author = content('meta[name="author"]').prop('content');
 
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
             )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('img.wordlogo').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('img.wordlogo').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
     const subtitle = $('meta[name="lanmu"]').prop('content');
     const author = $('div.header_logo a[aria-label]').prop('aria-label');
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         title: author && subtitle ? `${author} - ${subtitle}` : $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/wenjian.ts b/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/wenjian.ts
index 805a812c02..f9aac20ed9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/wenjian.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/wenjian.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,18 +47,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('body > div.dataBox > table > tbody > tr')
         .slice(1)
         .toArray()
-        .map((elem) => {
-            elem = $(elem);
+        .map((elem): DataItem => {
+            const $elem = $(elem);
             return {
-                title: elem.find('td:nth-child(2) > a').text(),
-                link: elem.find('td:nth-child(2) > a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(elem.find('td:nth-child(5)').text()), 8),
+                title: $elem.find('td:nth-child(2) > a').text(),
+                link: $elem.find('td:nth-child(2) > a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($elem.find('td:nth-child(5)').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const contentData = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(contentData.data);
                 item.description = $('#UCAP-CONTENT').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/gq/news.ts b/lib/routes/gq/news.ts
index 723d58d360..d436b2dab7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gq/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gq/news.ts
@@ -36,15 +36,15 @@ async function handler() {
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(rssUrl);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const data = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const data = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(data);
                 const description = $('#main-content');
                 description.find('.article-body__footer').remove();
                 description.find('[class*="ContentHeaderContributorImage"]').remove();
                 description.find('h1').remove();
                 return {
-                    title: item.title,
+                    title: item.title!,
                     pubDate: item.pubDate,
                     link: item.link,
                     category: item.categories,
diff --git a/lib/routes/grainoil/category.ts b/lib/routes/grainoil/category.ts
index f4d66f85eb..58681683b3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/grainoil/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/grainoil/category.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.m_listpagebox ol li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('b').text();
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? timezone(parseDate(pubDateStr), 8) : undefined,
                 link: linkUrl,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.m_tit h2').text();
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             html: description,
                             text: description,
                         },
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.top_logo img').attr('src') ? new URL($('div.top_logo img').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: $('meta[http-equiv="keywords"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/greasyfork/feedback.ts b/lib/routes/greasyfork/feedback.ts
index d837e55575..690a91c558 100644
--- a/lib/routes/greasyfork/feedback.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/greasyfork/feedback.ts
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: $('.script-discussion-list .discussion-list-container .discussion-list-item')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const metaItem = item.find('.discussion-meta .discussion-meta-item').eq(0);
-                const discussionTitle = item.find('.discussion-title');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const metaItem = $item.find('.discussion-meta .discussion-meta-item').eq(0);
+                const discussionTitle = $item.find('.discussion-title');
 
                 return {
                     title: discussionTitle.text().trim(),
                     author: metaItem.find('a').text(),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(metaItem.find('gf-relative-time').attr('datetime')),
+                    pubDate: parseDate(metaItem.find('gf-relative-time').attr('datetime')!),
                     link: rootUrl + discussionTitle.attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
diff --git a/lib/routes/greasyfork/scripts.ts b/lib/routes/greasyfork/scripts.ts
index 085b25a13f..11159105d8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/greasyfork/scripts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/greasyfork/scripts.ts
@@ -58,15 +58,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name=description]').attr('content'),
         item: list?.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const h2 = item.find('h2');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const h2 = $item.find('h2');
             return {
                 title: h2.find('a').text(),
                 description: h2.find('.description').text(),
-                link: new URL(h2.find('a').attr('href'), 'https://greasyfork.org').href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.script-list-created-date relative-time').attr('datetime')),
-                updated: parseDate(item.find('.script-list-updated-date relative-time').attr('datetime')),
-                author: item
+                link: new URL(h2.find('a').attr('href')!, 'https://greasyfork.org').href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.script-list-created-date relative-time').attr('datetime')!),
+                updated: parseDate($item.find('.script-list-updated-date relative-time').attr('datetime')!),
+                author: $item
                     .find('.script-list-author a')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((a) => $(a).text())
diff --git a/lib/routes/greasyfork/versions.ts b/lib/routes/greasyfork/versions.ts
index 8c42ad56ac..e7fb822eed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/greasyfork/versions.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/greasyfork/versions.ts
@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: $('.history_versions li')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const versionNumberLink = item.find('.version-number a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const versionNumberLink = $item.find('.version-number a');
 
                 return {
                     title: versionNumberLink.text(),
-                    description: item.find('.version-changelog').text().trim(),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('gf-relative-time').attr('datetime')),
+                    description: $item.find('.version-changelog').text().trim(),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('gf-relative-time').attr('datetime')!),
                     link: versionNumberLink.attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
diff --git a/lib/routes/grist/featured.ts b/lib/routes/grist/featured.ts
index 79901e2fe6..c8e237a0ea 100644
--- a/lib/routes/grist/featured.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/grist/featured.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@ async function handler() {
     const listItems = $('li.hp-featured__tease')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = item.find('.small-tease__link').attr('href').split('/').at(-2);
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = $item.find('.small-tease__link').attr('href')!.split('/').at(-2);
             return {
                 link,
             };
         });
-    const itemData = await Promise.all(listItems.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => (await getData(`https://grist.org/wp-json/wp/v2/posts?slug='${item.link}'&_embed`))[0])));
+    const itemData = await Promise.all(listItems.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => (await getData(`https://grist.org/wp-json/wp/v2/posts?slug='${item.link}'&_embed`))[0])));
     const items = await getList(itemData);
 
     return {
@@ -54,6 +54,6 @@ async function handler() {
         description: 'Featured Articles on Grist.org',
         logo: 'https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/cropped-Grist-Favicon.png?w=192',
         icon: 'https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/cropped-Grist-Favicon.png?w=32',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/grist/index.ts b/lib/routes/grist/index.ts
index fb9ea7cce3..9efdb6f5f0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/grist/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/grist/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { getData, getList } from './utils';
 
@@ -32,6 +32,6 @@ async function handler() {
         description: 'Latest Articles on grist.org',
         logo: 'https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/cropped-Grist-Favicon.png?w=192',
         icon: 'https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/cropped-Grist-Favicon.png?w=32',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/grist/series.ts b/lib/routes/grist/series.ts
index e0c1c34f37..478b88ed59 100644
--- a/lib/routes/grist/series.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/grist/series.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { getData, getList } from './utils';
 
@@ -42,6 +42,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: `${series[0].toUpperCase() + series.slice(1)} Articles on grist.org`,
         logo: 'https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/cropped-Grist-Favicon.png?w=192',
         icon: 'https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/cropped-Grist-Favicon.png?w=32',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/grist/topic.ts b/lib/routes/grist/topic.ts
index 28fa9b6557..7228ecf33f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/grist/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/grist/topic.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { getData, getList } from './utils';
 
@@ -87,6 +87,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: `${topic[0].toUpperCase() + topic.slice(1)} Articles on grist.org`,
         logo: 'https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/cropped-Grist-Favicon.png?w=192',
         icon: 'https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/cropped-Grist-Favicon.png?w=32',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/grubstreet/utils.ts b/lib/routes/grubstreet/utils.ts
index ab7f24f479..03a18f3de6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/grubstreet/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/grubstreet/utils.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ function ProcessFeed(list, caches) {
                     }
                 }
 
-                const single = {
+                const single: DataItem = {
                     title: item.plaintextPrimaryHeadline,
                     link: itemUrl,
                     guid: itemUrl,
diff --git a/lib/routes/guancha/headline.ts b/lib/routes/guancha/headline.ts
index 32531c98d5..68f85feaa5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guancha/headline.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guancha/headline.ts
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ async function handler() {
     let items = $('.headline-list li .content-headline h3 a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                description: item.parent().next().html(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').replace(/\.shtml$/, '_s.shtml')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.parents('div').first().find('span').text()), 8),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                description: $item.parent().next().html(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.replace(/\.shtml$/, '_s.shtml')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.parents('div').first().find('span').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.description += content('.all-txt').html();
+                item.description! += content('.all-txt').html()!;
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/guancha/index.ts b/lib/routes/guancha/index.ts
index 8978dab867..30829f4b32 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guancha/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guancha/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -76,9 +76,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const category = ctx.req.param('category') ?? 'all';
     const rootUrl = 'https://www.guancha.cn';
 
-    let newsList = [],
-        redianList = [],
-        gundongList = [];
+    type ListItem = DataItem & { link: string };
+
+    let newsList: ListItem[] = [],
+        redianList: ListItem[] = [],
+        gundongList: ListItem[] = [];
 
     // 'review', 'story' and 'fengwen' come from homepage.
 
@@ -99,13 +101,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 .filter((item) => $(item).attr('href') !== 'https://user.guancha.cn')
                 .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
+                    const $item = $(item);
 
-                    const link = item.attr('href');
+                    const link = $item.attr('href');
 
                     return {
-                        title: item.text(),
-                        link: `${link.indexOf('http') === 0 ? '' : rootUrl}${link.replace(/\.shtml/, '_s.shtml')}`,
+                        title: $item.text(),
+                        link: `${link!.startsWith('http') ? '' : rootUrl}${link!.replace(/\.shtml/, '_s.shtml')}`,
                     };
                 });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/guancha/member.ts b/lib/routes/guancha/member.ts
index 3ad0bab76f..7cadef3546 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guancha/member.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guancha/member.ts
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 for (const i of item.items) {
                     const newPubDate = new Date(i.publish_time);
-                    pubDate = Math.max(pubDate, newPubDate);
+                    pubDate = new Date(Math.max(+pubDate, +newPubDate));
                     description += `<a href="${rootUrl}/zaixianke/content.html?id=${i.id}">${i.title}</a><br>`;
                 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/guancha/personalpage.ts b/lib/routes/guancha/personalpage.ts
index 13f8118d93..9c6babf036 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guancha/personalpage.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guancha/personalpage.ts
@@ -52,15 +52,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             time = new Date();
         } else if (minuteRelativeTime.test(e)) {
             const rel = minuteRelativeTime.exec(e);
-            time = new Date(Date.now() - Number.parseInt(rel[1]) * 60 * 1000);
+            time = new Date(Date.now() - Number.parseInt(rel![1]) * 60 * 1000);
         } else if (hourRelativeTime.test(e)) {
             const rel = hourRelativeTime.exec(e);
-            time = new Date(Date.now() - Number.parseInt(rel[1]) * 60 * 60 * 1000);
+            time = new Date(Date.now() - Number.parseInt(rel![1]) * 60 * 60 * 1000);
         } else if (yesterdayRelativeTime.test(e)) {
             const rel = yesterdayRelativeTime.exec(e);
             // this time is China time data in local timezone
             time = new Date(Date.now() - 86400 * 1000 + localToChinaOffset);
-            time.setHours(Number.parseInt(rel[1]), Number.parseInt(rel[2]), 0, 0);
+            time.setHours(Number.parseInt(rel![1]), Number.parseInt(rel![2]), 0, 0);
             // transform back to china timezone
             time = new Date(time.getTime() - localToChinaOffset);
         } else if (shortDate.test(e)) {
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const now = new Date(Date.now() + localToChinaOffset);
             const year = now.getFullYear();
             // this time is China time data in local timezone
-            time = new Date(year, Number.parseInt(rel[1]) - 1, Number.parseInt(rel[2]), Number.parseInt(rel[3]), Number.parseInt(rel[4]));
+            time = new Date(year, Number.parseInt(rel![1]) - 1, Number.parseInt(rel![2]), Number.parseInt(rel![3]), Number.parseInt(rel![4]));
             // transform back to china timezone
             time = new Date(time.getTime() - localToChinaOffset);
         } else {
diff --git a/lib/routes/guancha/topic.ts b/lib/routes/guancha/topic.ts
index 9bd3327990..deb2e1ddcd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guancha/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guancha/topic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,18 +53,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.list-item h4 a, ul.home li .list-item h4 a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}&page=0`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}&page=0`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/guangdiu/index.ts b/lib/routes/guangdiu/index.ts
index 22a11635b1..df5a0343fd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guangdiu/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guangdiu/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,18 +36,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('#mainleft > div.zkcontent > div.gooditem')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a.goodname').text().trim(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('div.iteminfoarea > h2 > a').attr('href'), host).href,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('a.goodname').text().trim(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('div.iteminfoarea > h2 > a').attr('href')!, host).href,
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.description = $('#dabstract').html() + $('a.dgotobutton').html('前往购买');
+                item.description = $('#dabstract').html()! + $('a.dgotobutton').html('前往购买');
                 item.pubDate = parseRelativeDate($('span.latesttime').text());
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/guangdiu/rank.ts b/lib/routes/guangdiu/rank.ts
index 15259d9714..81551443da 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guangdiu/rank.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guangdiu/rank.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,18 +38,20 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.hourrankitem')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a.hourranktitle').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a.hourranktitle').attr('href'), host).href,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('a.hourranktitle').text(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('a.hourranktitle').attr('href')!, host).href,
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.description = $('#dabstract').html() + $('a.dgotobutton').html('前往购买');
+                item.description = $('#dabstract').html()! + $('a.dgotobutton').html('前往购买');
                 item.pubDate = parseRelativeDate($('div.hourranktime').text());
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/guangdiu/search.ts b/lib/routes/guangdiu/search.ts
index 3b6e327a60..973e4a5073 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guangdiu/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guangdiu/search.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -32,18 +32,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('#mainleft > div.zkcontent > div.gooditem')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a.goodname').text().trim(),
-            link: `${host}/${$(item).find('a.goodname').attr('href')}`,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('a.goodname').text().trim(),
+                link: `${host}/${$(item).find('a.goodname').attr('href')}`,
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.description = $('#dabstract').html() + $('a.dgotobutton').html('前往购买');
+                item.description = $('#dabstract').html()! + $('a.dgotobutton').html('前往购买');
                 item.pubDate = parseRelativeDate($('span.latesttime').text());
 
                 return item;
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const match = /q=(.+)/.exec(query);
 
     return {
-        title: `逛丢 - ${match[1]}`,
+        title: `逛丢 - ${match![1]}`,
         link: url,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/guangzhoumetro/news.ts b/lib/routes/guangzhoumetro/news.ts
index ef09a42ee8..2ad89054fd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guangzhoumetro/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guangzhoumetro/news.ts
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('ul.ag_h_w li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const url = newsUrl + item.find('a').attr('href').slice(2);
-            const title = item.find('a').text();
-            const publishTime = parseDate(item.find('span').text());
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const url = newsUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href')!.slice(2);
+            const title = $item.find('a').text();
+            const publishTime = parseDate($item.find('span').text());
             return {
                 title,
                 link: url,
diff --git a/lib/routes/guanhai/index.ts b/lib/routes/guanhai/index.ts
index 33c6bc2c18..746b56fff1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guanhai/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guanhai/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -28,31 +28,31 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const recommand = $('.img-box ul > a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const list = [
         ...$('.pic-summary .title')
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+            .map((item): DataItem => {
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                    link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
+                    title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                    link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
                 };
             }),
         ...recommand,
-    ].filter((item) => item.link.startsWith('http'));
+    ].filter((item) => item.link!.startsWith('http'));
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 item.author = $('.source').text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/guduodata/daily.tsx b/lib/routes/guduodata/daily.tsx
index 66803c8f58..c4ef034a66 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guduodata/daily.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/guduodata/daily.tsx
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler() {
 }
 
 const GuduodataDailyTable = ({ rows }: { rows: any[] }) => (
-    <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
+    <table border={1} cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
         <thead>
             <th>排名</th>
             <th>剧名</th>
diff --git a/lib/routes/guozaoke/index.ts b/lib/routes/guozaoke/index.ts
index 41b9116acd..867ce829d6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/guozaoke/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/guozaoke/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = list
         .slice(0, maxItems)
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem | undefined => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const title = $item.find('h3.title a').text();
             const url = $item.find('h3.title a').attr('href');
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const out = await pMap(
         items,
         (item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const url = `https://www.guozaoke.com${item.link}`;
                 const res = await got({
                     method: 'get',
diff --git a/lib/routes/gzhu/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/gzhu/yjs.ts
index 5e1566941d..063761e19b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gzhu/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gzhu/yjs.ts
@@ -41,11 +41,11 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('span a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('span a');
                 return {
-                    title: a.attr('title'),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), link).href,
+                    title: a.attr('title')!,
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, link).href,
                     pubDate: parseDate(a.text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 };
             }),
diff --git a/lib/routes/hackernews/index.ts b/lib/routes/hackernews/index.ts
index bab0642d35..6e2c2ea094 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hackernews/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hackernews/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -69,28 +69,28 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30)
         .toArray()
         .map((thing) => {
-            thing = $(thing);
+            const $thing = $(thing);
 
             const item = {
-                guid: thing.attr('id'),
-                title: thing.find('.titleline').children('a').text(),
-                category: thing.find('.sitestr').text(),
-                author: thing.next().find('.hnuser').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(thing.find('.age').attr('title') ?? thing.next().find('.age').attr('title')),
+                guid: $thing.attr('id'),
+                title: $thing.find('.titleline').children('a').text(),
+                category: $thing.find('.sitestr').text(),
+                author: $thing.next().find('.hnuser').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate(($thing.find('.age').attr('title') ?? $thing.next().find('.age').attr('title'))!),
 
                 link: '',
-                origin: thing.find('.titleline').children('a').attr('href'),
-                onStory: thing.find('.onstory').text().slice(2),
+                origin: $thing.find('.titleline').children('a').attr('href'),
+                onStory: $thing.find('.onstory').text().slice(2),
 
-                comments: thing.next().find('a').last().text().split(' comment', 1)[0],
-                upvotes: thing.next().find('.score').text().split(' point', 1)[0],
+                comments: $thing.next().find('a').last().text().split(' comment', 1)[0] as unknown as DataItem['comments'],
+                upvotes: $thing.next().find('.score').text().split(' point', 1)[0] as unknown as DataItem['upvotes'],
 
-                currentComment: thing.find('.comment').text(),
+                currentComment: $thing.find('.comment').text(),
                 description: '',
             };
 
             item.link = `${rootUrl}/item?id=${item.guid}`;
-            item.guid = type === 'sources' ? item.guid : `${item.guid}${item.comments === 'discuss' ? '' : `-${item.comments}`}`;
+            item.guid = type === 'sources' ? item.guid : `${item.guid}${(item.comments as unknown as string) === 'discuss' ? '' : `-${item.comments}`}`;
             item.description = `<a href="${item.link}">Comments on Hacker News</a> | <a href="${item.origin}">Source</a>`;
 
             return item;
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.guid, async () => {
-                if (item.comments !== 'discuss' && type === 'comments') {
+            cache.tryGet(item.guid!, async () => {
+                if ((item.comments as unknown as string) !== 'discuss' && type === 'comments') {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
                         url: item.link,
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                         item.description += `<div>${content.html(leading)}${paragraphs}</div></div>`;
                     });
-                } else if (item.comments !== 'discuss' && type === 'comments_list') {
+                } else if ((item.comments as unknown as string) !== 'discuss' && type === 'comments_list') {
                     item.title = item.onStory;
                     item.description = item.currentComment;
                 }
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     item.comments = 0;
                 }
 
-                item.link = type === 'sources' ? item.origin : item.link;
+                item.link = (type === 'sources' ? item.origin : item.link)!;
 
                 delete item.origin;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hacking8/index.ts b/lib/routes/hacking8/index.ts
index e334695246..e01a3208a5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hacking8/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hacking8/index.ts
@@ -47,16 +47,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('div.media')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('div.link a');
+            const a = $item.find('div.link a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                description: item.find('div.media-body pre').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.parent().parent().find('td').first().text(), 'YYYY年M月D日 HH:mm'), 8),
-                category: item
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                description: $item.find('div.media-body pre').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.parent().parent().find('td').first().text(), 'YYYY年M月D日 HH:mm'), 8),
+                category: $item
                     .parent()
                     .parent()
                     .find('span.label')
diff --git a/lib/routes/hacking8/search.ts b/lib/routes/hacking8/search.ts
index feeafa0c04..4a3fcbc7cd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hacking8/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hacking8/search.ts
@@ -45,16 +45,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('div.media')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('div.link a');
+            const a = $item.find('div.link a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                description: item.find('div.media-body pre').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.parent().parent().find('td').first().text(), 'YYYY年M月D日 HH:mm'), 8),
-                category: item
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                description: $item.find('div.media-body pre').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.parent().parent().find('td').first().text(), 'YYYY年M月D日 HH:mm'), 8),
+                category: $item
                     .parent()
                     .parent()
                     .find('span.label')
diff --git a/lib/routes/hackyournews/index.ts b/lib/routes/hackyournews/index.ts
index 4f3dbba12f..e5cc3170e1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hackyournews/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hackyournews/index.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ async function handler() {
             const upvotes = Number.parseInt(metas[0].split(' points', 1)[0].trim());
             const author = metas[0].split('by', 2)[1].trim();
             const pubDate = parseDate(metas[1].trim());
-            let category = [];
+            let category: string[] = [];
             // NOTE: If the summary is not already proceeded, we cannot get the category.
             if (metas.length === 5) {
                 category = [metas[2].trim(), metas[3].trim()];
diff --git a/lib/routes/hafu/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/hafu/utils.tsx
index 72402409f2..e4c64df653 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hafu/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hafu/utils.tsx
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ export const parseList = async (ctx, type) => {
 };
 
 async function tryGetFullText(href, link, type) {
-    let articleData = '';
+    let articleData: CheerioAPI | string = '';
     let description: string;
     // for some unexpected href link
     try {
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ async function ggtzParse(ctx, $) {
             const result = await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const { articleData, description } = await tryGetFullText(href, link, 'ggtz');
                 let author = '';
-                let pubDate: string;
+                let pubDate: Date;
                 if (typeof articleData === 'function') {
                     const header = articleData('h1').next().text();
                     const index = header.indexOf('日期');
@@ -174,7 +175,7 @@ async function zsjycParse(ctx, $) {
             const result = await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const { articleData, description } = await tryGetFullText(href, link, 'zsjyc');
 
-                let pubDate: string;
+                let pubDate: Date;
                 if (typeof articleData === 'function') {
                     const date = articleData('span[class=timestyle127702]').text();
                     pubDate = parseDate(date, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm');
diff --git a/lib/routes/hakkatv/news.ts b/lib/routes/hakkatv/news.ts
index 680d668161..50b5000754 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hakkatv/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hakkatv/news.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '新聞首頁 - 客家電視台',
         description: '客家電視是屬於全民、以至於全世界客家族群的頻道，亦是為傳播客家文化而存在，定位為「全體客家族群之媒體」。',
         link: `${baseUrl}/news`,
-        language: 'zh-TW',
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hameln/chapter.ts b/lib/routes/hameln/chapter.ts
index b716760bfd..26317cd066 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hameln/chapter.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hameln/chapter.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const chapter_list = $('tr[bgcolor]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((chapter) => {
+        .map((chapter): DataItem => {
             const $_chapter = $(chapter);
             const chapter_link = $_chapter.find('a');
             return {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($_chapter.find('nobr').text(), 'YYYYMMDD HH:mm'), 9),
             };
         })
-        .toSorted((a, b) => b.pubDate - a.pubDate)
+        .toSorted((a, b) => Number(b.pubDate) - Number(a.pubDate))
         .slice(0, limit);
 
     const item_list = await Promise.all(
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         description,
         link,
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         item: item_list,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hanime1/search.ts b/lib/routes/hanime1/search.ts
index c23732d7d4..d053780c83 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hanime1/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hanime1/search.ts
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const imageSrc = element.find('img[style*="object-fit: cover"]').attr('src'); // 选择缩略图
 
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 link: videoLink,
                 description: `<img src="${imageSrc}">`,
             };
diff --git a/lib/routes/harvard/health/blog.ts b/lib/routes/harvard/health/blog.ts
index 4cb34d06b7..d0d4c012c3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/harvard/health/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/harvard/health/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,18 +42,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $(String.raw`.lg\:text-2xl`)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).parent();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).parent();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/hashnode/blog.tsx b/lib/routes/hashnode/blog.tsx
index 6e6f68d1ec..346caa6f4f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hashnode/blog.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hashnode/blog.tsx
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ username 为博主用户名，而非\`xxx.hashnode.dev\`中\`xxx\`所代表的 b
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const username = ctx.req.param('username');
     if (!username) {
-        return;
+        return null;
     }
 
     const query = /* GraphQL */ `
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const publication = response.data.data.user.publication;
     if (!publication) {
-        return;
+        return null;
     }
 
     const list = publication.posts;
diff --git a/lib/routes/hbooker/chapter.ts b/lib/routes/hbooker/chapter.ts
index 68ec4db373..bf452f0535 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hbooker/chapter.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hbooker/chapter.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,16 +41,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('div.book-chapter-list ul li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hbr/topic.ts b/lib/routes/hbr/topic.ts
index 86cc6312af..e9aeb48b5c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hbr/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hbr/topic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -60,26 +60,26 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $(`stream-content[data-stream-name="${type}"]`)
         .find('.stream-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.attr('data-title'),
-                author: item.attr('data-authors'),
-                category: item.attr('data-topic'),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('data-url')}`,
+                title: $item.attr('data-title')!,
+                author: $item.attr('data-authors'),
+                category: $item.attr('data-topic'),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('data-url')}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                 item.description = content('.article-body, article[itemprop="description"]').html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/hdu/auto/utils.ts b/lib/routes/hdu/auto/utils.ts
index 38c6bb7436..21d0f3a3ef 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hdu/auto/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hdu/auto/utils.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ export const fetchAutoNews = async (path: string, title: string): Promise<Data>
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(item.link);
                 const $detail = load(data);
                 const description = $detail('.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/hdu/cs/notice.ts b/lib/routes/hdu/cs/notice.ts
index b0a12fa59d..1af2f0aa10 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hdu/cs/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hdu/cs/notice.ts
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ const getSingleRecord = async () => {
     const list = $('.posts-list').find('li');
 
     return list.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const dateTxt = item.find('.date').text();
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const dateTxt = $item.find('.date').text();
         const date = dateTxt.slice(1, -1);
         return {
-            title: item.find('a').text(),
+            title: $item.find('a').text(),
             pubDate: parseDate(date),
-            link: link + item.find('a').attr('href'),
+            link: link + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
         };
     });
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/hdu/cs/pg.ts b/lib/routes/hdu/cs/pg.ts
index 8adf3419b5..007a632b21 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hdu/cs/pg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hdu/cs/pg.ts
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ const getSingleRecord = async () => {
     const list = $('.posts-list').find('li');
 
     return list.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const dateTxt = item.find('.date').text();
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const dateTxt = $item.find('.date').text();
         const date = dateTxt.slice(1, -1);
         return {
-            title: item.find('a').text(),
+            title: $item.find('a').text(),
             pubDate: parseDate(date),
-            link: link + item.find('a').attr('href'),
+            link: link + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
         };
     });
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/hebeimuseum/list.tsx b/lib/routes/hebeimuseum/list.tsx
index 3f4eec9f0d..79f4b14540 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hebeimuseum/list.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hebeimuseum/list.tsx
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
                 return {
                     title: listTitle,
                     itemLink: `${baseUrl}${link}`,
-                    imgUrl: `${baseUrl}${imgUrlRaw}`,
+                    imgUrl: imgUrlRaw,
                 };
             });
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
                     }
 
                     // Special path to return detail exhibition information
-                    let rawText = content('.content.f16').text() || ''; // get descption text from detail page
+                    let rawText = content('.content.f16').text(); // get descption text from detail page
 
                     rawText = rawText.replaceAll(/\s+/g, '');
 
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
                         }
                     }
 
-                    const { startDate, endDate } = extractDates(fullDuration || '');
+                    const { startDate, endDate } = extractDates(fullDuration);
                     const { imgUrl, itemLink } = item;
 
                     const description = renderToString(
@@ -182,11 +182,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
                                 <b>闭展：</b>
                                 {endDate ?? '未定/常设'}
                             </p>
-                            {fullDuration && (
-                                <p>
-                                    <small>原始展期：{fullDuration}</small>
-                                </p>
-                            )}
+                            <p>
+                                <small>原始展期：{fullDuration}</small>
+                            </p>
                         </div>
                     );
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hebtv/nong-bo-shi-zai-xing-dong.tsx b/lib/routes/hebtv/nong-bo-shi-zai-xing-dong.tsx
index 0135660fdd..2711945cc8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hebtv/nong-bo-shi-zai-xing-dong.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hebtv/nong-bo-shi-zai-xing-dong.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .first()
         .children()
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             const timeMatch = a.text().match(/\d+/);
             const timestr = timeMatch ? timeMatch[0] : '';
 
@@ -83,11 +83,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.slice(0, limit).map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const tenantId = detailResponse.match(/tenantid = '(\w+)';/)[1];
-                const articleId = item.link.match(/\/nbszxd\/(\d+)/)[1];
+                const articleId = item.link!.match(/\/nbszxd\/(\d+)/)![1];
 
                 const { data: apiResponse } = await got(apiUrl, {
                     searchParams: {
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: baseUrl,
         description,
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('div.logo a img').prop('src'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/hellobtc/information.ts b/lib/routes/hellobtc/information.ts
index bf1936ce61..832334820f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hellobtc/information.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hellobtc/information.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,14 +45,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $(channelSelector[channel])
         .find('div.new_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('h2').text(),
-            link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('h2').text(),
+                link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hellobtc/kepu.ts b/lib/routes/hellobtc/kepu.ts
index 90b214fc66..18df34769d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hellobtc/kepu.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hellobtc/kepu.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -60,19 +60,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $(channelSelector[channel])
         .find('div.new_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a').text(),
-            link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('a').text(),
+                link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.description = content('#js_content')
-                    .html()
+                    .html()!
                     .replaceAll(/(<img.*?)data-src(.*?>)/g, '$1src$2');
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/hexun/index.ts b/lib/routes/hexun/index.ts
index 8a6861a2a2..9eab3e81b2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hexun/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hexun/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.listNews li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const element = $(item);
             const a = element.find('a');
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hfut/hf/utils.ts b/lib/routes/hfut/hf/utils.ts
index 51a849dcd6..64a1d260fc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hfut/hf/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hfut/hf/utils.ts
@@ -38,16 +38,16 @@ async function parseArticle(type, $) {
     }
 
     const items = data.map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const oriLink = item.find('a').attr('href');
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const oriLink = $item.find('a').attr('href');
         let linkRes = oriLink;
         if (!oriLink.startsWith('http')) {
-            linkRes = commLink + item.find('a').attr('href');
+            linkRes = commLink + $item.find('a').attr('href');
         }
-        const pubDate = parseDate(item.find('i').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
+        const pubDate = parseDate($item.find('i').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
 
         return {
-            title: item.find('p').text(),
+            title: $item.find('p').text(),
             pubDate,
             link: linkRes,
         };
diff --git a/lib/routes/hfut/xc/utils.ts b/lib/routes/hfut/xc/utils.ts
index d9dabc0339..58615a928c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hfut/xc/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hfut/xc/utils.ts
@@ -31,16 +31,16 @@ async function parseArticle($) {
     const data = $('#wp_news_w6').find('li').toArray();
 
     const items = data.map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const oriLink = item.find('a').attr('href');
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const oriLink = $item.find('a').attr('href');
         let linkRes = oriLink;
         if (!oriLink.startsWith('http')) {
-            linkRes = commLink + item.find('a').attr('href');
+            linkRes = commLink + $item.find('a').attr('href');
         }
-        const pubDate = parseDate(item.find('.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
+        const pubDate = parseDate($item.find('.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
 
         return {
-            title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
+            title: $item.find('a').attr('title'),
             pubDate,
             link: linkRes,
         };
diff --git a/lib/routes/hinatazaka46/news.ts b/lib/routes/hinatazaka46/news.ts
index ad40cb59be..67d7cd0088 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hinatazaka46/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hinatazaka46/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.p-news__list .p-news__item a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.c-news__text').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').split('?', 1)[0]}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.c-news__date').text()),
+                title: $item.find('.c-news__text').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.split('?', 1)[0]}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.c-news__date').text()),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hiring.cafe/jobs.tsx b/lib/routes/hiring.cafe/jobs.tsx
index c4bc96ec4f..4e9832d239 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hiring.cafe/jobs.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hiring.cafe/jobs.tsx
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ const transformJobItem = (item: JobResult) => {
 
 async function handler(ctx: Context) {
     const searchParams = validateSearchParams({
-        keywords: ctx.req.param('keywords'),
+        keywords: ctx.req.param('keywords')!,
     });
 
     const response = await fetchJobs(searchParams);
diff --git a/lib/routes/hit/hitgs.ts b/lib/routes/hit/hitgs.ts
index 072302e5e4..b1ab7dade5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hit/hitgs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hit/hitgs.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('li.news, div.tbt17')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('div.news_title, span.div.news_title, div.bttb2').text();
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     text: description,
                 },
                 updated: parseDate(upDatedStr),
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1.arti_title').text() + $$('h2.arti_title').text();
                 const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
-                    description: $$('div.wp_articlecontent').html(),
+                    description: $$('div.wp_articlecontent').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('span.arti_update').text().split(/：/).pop()?.trim();
                 const upDatedStr: string | undefined = pubDateStr;
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 const $enclosureEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$('a[sudyfile-attr]')
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.foot-logo img').attr('src'),
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/hit/today.ts b/lib/routes/hit/today.ts
index 58976f8797..3132076561 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hit/today.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hit/today.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.paragraph li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => ({
-            link: new URL($('span span a', e).attr('href'), host).href,
+        .map((e): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
+            link: new URL($('span span a', e).attr('href')!, host).href,
             title: $('span span a', e).text(),
             author: $('div a', e).attr('hreflang', 'zh-hans').text(),
-            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('span span a', e).attr('href').split('/').slice(-4, -1).join(','), 'YYYYMMDD'), 8),
+            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('span span a', e).attr('href')!.split('/').slice(-4, -1).join(','), 'YYYYMMDD'), 8),
         }));
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/hitsz/article.ts b/lib/routes/hitsz/article.ts
index 01dfad0779..08a1cd2cf2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hitsz/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hitsz/article.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const lists = $('.mainside_news ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((el) => ({
+        .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             title: $('a', el).text().trim(),
             link: `${host}${$('a', el).attr('href')}`,
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('span[class=date]', el).text()), 8),
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                 const response = await got.get(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
-                item.description = $('div.edittext').html().trim();
+                item.description = $('div.edittext').html()!.trim();
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('.item').first().text().replace('发布时间：', '')), 8);
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/hitsz/due-tzgg.ts b/lib/routes/hitsz/due-tzgg.ts
index d7686323fc..dceef94b46 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hitsz/due-tzgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hitsz/due-tzgg.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export const handler = async () => {
                 description: title,
             };
         })
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[];
 
     return {
         title: `${author} - ${pageTitle}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/hitwh/today.ts b/lib/routes/hitwh/today.ts
index 4669c0c61c..099be7ae7b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hitwh/today.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hitwh/today.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ async function handler() {
     const type = (filename) => filename.split('.').pop();
     const links = $('.list_list_wrap #wp_news_w10002 ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((el) => ({
+        .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(el).find('.news-time2').text()), 8),
-            link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+            link: new URL($(el).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
             title: $(el).find('a').text(),
         }));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hkej/index.tsx b/lib/routes/hkej/index.tsx
index e2cb892f78..4534b289d9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hkej/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hkej/index.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import { CookieJar } from 'tough-cookie';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -101,11 +101,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('h3.in_news_u_t a, h4.hkej_hl-news_topic_2014 a, div.hkej_toc_listingAll_news2_2014 h3 a, div.hkej_toc_cat_top_detail h3 a, div.allNews div.news h1 a, div#div_listingAll div.news2 h3 a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text().trim(),
-                link: baseUrl + item.attr('href').slice(0, item.attr('href').lastIndexOf('/')),
+                title: $item.text().trim(),
+                link: baseUrl + $item.attr('href')!.slice(0, $item.attr('href')!.lastIndexOf('/')),
             };
         });
 
@@ -145,10 +145,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                     // fix article image
                     const articleImg = (content('div.hkej_detail_thumb_2014 td a').length ? content('div.hkej_detail_thumb_2014 td a') : content('div.thumb td a')).toArray().map((e) => {
-                        e = $(e);
+                        const $e = $(e);
                         return {
-                            href: e.attr('href'),
-                            title: e.attr('title'),
+                            href: $e.attr('href'),
+                            title: $e.attr('title'),
                         };
                     });
 
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: baseUrl + cat.link,
         description: `信報網站(www.hkej.com)即時新聞${cat.name}，提供${cat.description}。`,
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-hk',
+        language: 'zh-HK' as Language,
     };
 
     ctx.set('json', {
diff --git a/lib/routes/hkepc/index.ts b/lib/routes/hkepc/index.ts
index 8aab23c601..cb80e8c558 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hkepc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hkepc/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $(categoryMap[category].selector)
         .find('a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             title: $(item).text(),
             link: baseUrl + $(item).attr('href'),
         }));
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                             return $('#view').html();
                         })
                     );
-                    content.append(pages);
+                    content.append(pages as unknown as string);
                 }
 
                 // remove unwanted elements
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 // Taken from /caixin/blog.js
                 content
                     .find('#view > p')
-                    .filter((_, e) => e.children[0]?.data === String.fromCodePoint(160))
+                    .filter((_, e) => (e.children[0] as Text | undefined)?.data === String.fromCodePoint(160))
                     .remove();
 
                 // fix lazyload image
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `電腦領域 HKEPC${categoryMap[category].feedSuffix}`,
         link: `https://www.hkepc.com/${category}`,
         description: '電腦領域 HKEPC Hardware - 全港 No.1 PC網站',
-        language: 'zh-hk',
+        language: 'zh-HK' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hket/index.tsx b/lib/routes/hket/index.tsx
index b1dcf60e3a..cdf03e3958 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hket/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hket/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -142,10 +143,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.main-listing-container div.listing-title > a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const url = item.parent().parent().find('.share-button').data('url');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const url = $item.parent().parent().find('.share-button').data('url') as string;
             return {
-                title: item.text().trim(),
+                title: $item.text().trim(),
                 link: url.startsWith('http') ? url : baseUrl + url,
             };
         }) as DataItem[];
@@ -209,14 +210,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 // fix lazyload image and caption
                 $('img').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = $(e);
-                    e.replaceWith(renderImage(e.data('alt'), e.data('src') ?? e.attr('src')));
+                    const $e = $(e);
+                    $e.replaceWith(renderImage($e.data('alt'), $e.data('src') ?? $e.attr('src')));
                 });
 
                 const ldJson = JSON.parse(
-                    $('script[type="application/ld+json"]')
-                        .toArray()
-                        .find((e) => $(e).text().includes('NewsArticle'))?.children[0].data
+                    (
+                        $('script[type="application/ld+json"]')
+                            .toArray()
+                            .find((e) => $(e).text().includes('NewsArticle'))?.children as Text[] | undefined
+                    )?.[0].data as string
                 );
 
                 item.description = $('div.article-detail-body-container').html()!;
@@ -229,10 +232,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: $('head meta[name=title]').attr('content')?.trim(),
+        title: $('head meta[name=title]').attr('content')?.trim() ?? '',
         link: baseUrl + '/' + category,
         description: $('head meta[name=description]').attr('content')?.trim(),
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-hk',
+        language: 'zh-HK' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hkjunkcall/index.ts b/lib/routes/hkjunkcall/index.ts
index 5646b135e2..0b61ad0712 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hkjunkcall/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hkjunkcall/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.hh15')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).parent();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).parent();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
                 content('.card').find('div, h2').remove();
 
-                item.guid = item.link.split('/').pop();
+                item.guid = item.link!.split('/').pop();
                 item.description = content('.card').html();
                 item.pubDate = parseDate(detailResponse.data.match(/<br \/>(\d+-\d+-\d+)<\/div><\/a>/)[1]);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hko/earthquake.ts b/lib/routes/hko/earthquake.ts
index 2c7e067013..b0f7f73885 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hko/earthquake.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hko/earthquake.ts
@@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ async function handler() {
         .toArray()
         // 使用“map()”方法遍历数组，并从每个元素中解析需要的数据。
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const degree = item.find('Mag').text();
-            const city = item.find('City').text();
-            const citystring = item.find('citystring').text();
-            const hktDate = item.find('HKTDate').text();
-            const hktTime = item.find('HKTTime').text();
-            const latAndLon = '經緯:[' + item.find('Lat').text() + ',' + item.find('Lon').text() + ']';
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const degree = $item.find('Mag').text();
+            const city = $item.find('City').text();
+            const citystring = $item.find('citystring').text();
+            const hktDate = $item.find('HKTDate').text();
+            const hktTime = $item.find('HKTTime').text();
+            const latAndLon = '經緯:[' + $item.find('Lat').text() + ',' + $item.find('Lon').text() + ']';
             return {
                 title: `[震級:${degree}] [地點:${city}]`,
                 description: `${citystring}, ${latAndLon}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/hljucm/yjsy.ts b/lib/routes/hljucm/yjsy.ts
index f783035170..0c504ac38a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hljucm/yjsy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hljucm/yjsy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.postlist a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hnrb/index.ts b/lib/routes/hnrb/index.ts
index 67e1c90cb6..008ee7106b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hnrb/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hnrb/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const matches = response.data.match(/images\/(\d{4}-\d{2}\/\d{2})\/\d{2}\/\d+_brief/);
     const link = `${rootUrl}/hnrb_epaper/html/${matches[1]}`;
 
-    let items = $('tbody')
+    const urls = $('tbody')
         .eq(1)
         .find('a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((a) => `${link}/${$(a).attr('href').replace(/\.\//, '')}`)
+        .map((a) => `${link}/${$(a).attr('href')!.replace(/\.\//, '')}`)
         .filter((a) => a.endsWith('div=-1'));
 
     if (!id) {
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             $('#pageLink')
                 .slice(1)
                 .toArray()
-                .map((p) => `${link}/${$(p).attr('href').replace(/\.\//, '')}`)
+                .map((p) => `${link}/${$(p).attr('href')!.replace(/\.\//, '')}`)
                 .map(async (p) => {
                     const pageResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
@@ -85,20 +85,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                     const page = load(pageResponse.data);
 
-                    items.push(
+                    urls.push(
                         ...page('tbody')
                             .eq(1)
                             .find('a')
                             .toArray()
-                            .map((a) => `${link}/${page(a).attr('href').replace(/\.\//, '')}`)
+                            .map((a) => `${link}/${page(a).attr('href')!.replace(/\.\//, '')}`)
                             .filter((a) => a.endsWith('div=-1'))
                     );
                 })
         );
     }
 
-    items = await Promise.all(
-        items.map((item) =>
+    const items = await Promise.all(
+        urls.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(item, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
@@ -120,6 +120,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `湖南日报${id ? ` - ${$('strong').first().parent().text()}` : ''}`,
         link: currentUrl,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hongkong/dh.ts b/lib/routes/hongkong/dh.ts
index e619f0ae47..1eb24462c5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hongkong/dh.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hongkong/dh.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -50,19 +50,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('td[headers="title"]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.next().text(), language === 'english' ? 'D-MMMM-YYYY' : 'YYYY年M月D日'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.next().text(), language === 'english' ? 'D-MMMM-YYYY' : 'YYYY年M月D日'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/hostmonit/cloudflareyes.tsx b/lib/routes/hostmonit/cloudflareyes.tsx
index 3b847fc051..2be84e65a9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hostmonit/cloudflareyes.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hostmonit/cloudflareyes.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(currentResponse);
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .replace(/- .*$/, () => `- ${title}`),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/hotukdeals/index.ts b/lib/routes/hotukdeals/index.ts
index ebf8a405a9..7dfce34ea9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hotukdeals/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hotukdeals/index.ts
@@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: list
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('.cept-tt').text(),
-                    description: `${item.find('.thread-listImgCell').html()}<br>${item.find('.cept-vote-temp').html()}<br>${item.find('.overflow--fade').html()}<br>${item.find('.threadGrid-body .userHtml').html()}`,
-                    link: item.find('.cept-tt').attr('href'),
+                    title: $item.find('.cept-tt').text(),
+                    description: `${$item.find('.thread-listImgCell').html()}<br>${$item.find('.cept-vote-temp').html()}<br>${$item.find('.overflow--fade').html()}<br>${$item.find('.threadGrid-body .userHtml').html()}`,
+                    link: $item.find('.cept-tt').attr('href'),
                 };
             })
             .toReversed(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/hoyolab/news.tsx b/lib/routes/hoyolab/news.tsx
index ac23d8bac5..63f01c1c4e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hoyolab/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hoyolab/news.tsx
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         };
     } catch (error) {
         logger.error(error);
+        return null;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hpoi/info.ts b/lib/routes/hpoi/info.ts
index a7622ad126..d179bb60c4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hpoi/info.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hpoi/info.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const typeName = leftNode.find('.type-name').first().text().trim();
             const imgUrl = leftNode.find('img').first().attr('src');
             const rightNode = $item('.home-info-content');
-            const infoType = rightNode.find('.user-name').contents()[0].data.trim();
+            const infoType: any = (rightNode.find('.user-name').contents()[0] as Text).data.trim();
             const infoTitle = rightNode.find('.user-content').text();
             const infoTime = rightNode.find('.type-time').text();
             return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/hpoi/user.ts b/lib/routes/hpoi/user.ts
index aab8364c29..1d9049ef8a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hpoi/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hpoi/user.ts
@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.collect-hobby-list-small')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: titleMap[caty] + ': ' + item.find('.name').text(),
-                link: 'https://www.hpoi.net/' + item.find('.name').attr('href'),
-                description: `<img src="${item.find('img').attr('src').replace('/s/', '/n/')}"><br>${item.find('.pay').text()}<br>${item.find('.score').text()}`,
+                title: titleMap[caty] + ': ' + $item.find('.name').text(),
+                link: 'https://www.hpoi.net/' + $item.find('.name').attr('href'),
+                description: `<img src="${$item.find('img').attr('src')!.replace('/s/', '/n/')}"><br>${$item.find('.pay').text()}<br>${$item.find('.score').text()}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hpoi/utils.ts b/lib/routes/hpoi/utils.ts
index 1bc64f2a84..402cc17673 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hpoi/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hpoi/utils.ts
@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ const ProcessFeed = async (type, id, order) => {
         item: $('.hpoi-glyphicons-list li')
             .toArray()
             .map((_item) => {
-                _item = $(_item);
+                const $_item = $(_item);
                 return {
-                    title: _item.find('.hpoi-detail-grid-title a').text(),
-                    link: host + '/' + _item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                    description: `<img src="${_item.find('img').attr('src').replace('/s/', '/n/')}">${_item.find('.hpoi-detail-grid-info').html().replaceAll('span>', 'p>')}`,
+                    title: $_item.find('.hpoi-detail-grid-title a').text(),
+                    link: host + '/' + $_item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    description: `<img src="${$_item.find('img').attr('src')!.replace('/s/', '/n/')}">${$_item.find('.hpoi-detail-grid-info').html()!.replaceAll('span>', 'p>')}`,
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbeu/cec/list.ts b/lib/routes/hrbeu/cec/list.ts
index 4f9d9eb4bc..1f9709e215 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbeu/cec/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbeu/cec/list.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('a.column-news-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             let link = $(item).attr('href');
             if (link && link.includes('page.htm')) {
                 link = `${rootUrl}${link}`;
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (item.link.includes('page.htm')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (item.link!.includes('page.htm')) {
                     const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                     item.description = content('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbeu/gx/list.ts b/lib/routes/hrbeu/gx/list.ts
index 38e1ddd71c..16b2fe8a44 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbeu/gx/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbeu/gx/list.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,16 +35,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('li.txt-elise')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             let link = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
-            if (link.includes('info') && id !== '') {
-                link = new URL(link, rootUrl).href;
+            if (link!.includes('info') && id !== '') {
+                link = new URL(link!, rootUrl).href;
             }
-            if (link.includes('info') && id === '') {
+            if (link!.includes('info') && id === '') {
                 link = `${rootUrl}/${link}`;
             }
             return {
-                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title'),
+                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!,
                 pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span').text()),
                 link,
             };
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (item.link.includes('info')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (item.link!.includes('info')) {
                     const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                     item.description = content('div.v_news_content').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbeu/job/calendar.ts b/lib/routes/hrbeu/job/calendar.ts
index 7894822662..cbee84c6c1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbeu/job/calendar.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbeu/job/calendar.ts
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('li.clearfix')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('span.news_tit.news_tit_s').find('a').attr('title'),
+            title: $(item).find('span.news_tit.news_tit_s').find('a').attr('title')!,
             description: '点击标题，登录查看招聘详情',
             link: $(item).find('span.news_tit.news_tit_s').find('a').attr('href'),
         }));
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbeu/job/list.ts b/lib/routes/hrbeu/job/list.ts
index f5b43a329f..93caaf5986 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbeu/job/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbeu/job/list.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,13 +53,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('li.list_item.i1')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             let link = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
-            if (link.includes('HrbeuJY')) {
+            if (link!.includes('HrbeuJY')) {
                 link = `${rootUrl}${link}`;
             }
             return {
-                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title'),
+                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!,
                 pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('.Article_PublishDate').text()),
                 link,
             };
@@ -67,12 +67,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (item.link.includes('HrbeuJY')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (item.link!.includes('HrbeuJY')) {
                     const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                     item.description = content('.article').html();
-                } else if (new URL(item.link).hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
+                } else if (new URL(item.link!).hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                     await finishArticleItem(item);
                 } else {
                     item.description = '本文需跳转，请点击标题后阅读';
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbeu/sec/list.ts b/lib/routes/hrbeu/sec/list.ts
index aa34a8c86d..f9886baf27 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbeu/sec/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbeu/sec/list.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,13 +46,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('li.list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             let link = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
             if (link && link.includes('page.htm')) {
                 link = `${rootUrl}${link}`;
             }
             return {
-                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title'),
+                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!,
                 pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span.Article_PublishDate').text()),
                 link,
             };
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (item.link.includes('page.htm')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (item.link!.includes('page.htm')) {
                     const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                     item.description = content('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbeu/uae/news.ts b/lib/routes/hrbeu/uae/news.ts
index 0bf761fb05..9723ff4867 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbeu/uae/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbeu/uae/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const title = $('h2').text();
     const items = $('li.wow.fadeInUp')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const title = $(item).find('a').attr('title');
             let link = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
-            if (!link.startsWith('http')) {
+            if (!link!.startsWith('http')) {
                 link = `${host}/${link}`;
             }
             const pubDate = parseDate(
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     .replaceAll(/(.*)\/(.*)/g, '$2-$1')
             );
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 pubDate,
                 link,
             };
@@ -64,16 +64,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const item = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (new URL(item.link).hostname === 'uae.hrbeu.edu.cn') {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (new URL(item.link!).hostname === 'uae.hrbeu.edu.cn') {
                     const resp = await got(item.link);
                     const $1 = load(resp.data);
                     item.description = $1('div.art-body').html();
-                } else if (new URL(item.link).hostname === 'news.hrbeu.edu.cn') {
+                } else if (new URL(item.link!).hostname === 'news.hrbeu.edu.cn') {
                     const resp = await got(item.link);
                     const $1 = load(resp.data);
                     item.description = $1('div#print').html();
-                } else if (new URL(item.link).hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
+                } else if (new URL(item.link!).hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                     await finishArticleItem(item);
                 } else {
                     item.description = '本文需跳转，请点击标题后阅读';
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbeu/ugs/news.ts b/lib/routes/hrbeu/ugs/news.ts
index 1e862963e2..051a596ff0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbeu/ugs/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbeu/ugs/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -137,12 +137,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.wp_article_list_table .border9')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
+        .map((e): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $e = $(e);
             return {
-                title: e.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(e.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('.date').text()),
+                title: $e.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($e.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('.date').text()),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbeu/yjsy/list.ts b/lib/routes/hrbeu/yjsy/list.ts
index b70b75f772..1d7e47e457 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbeu/yjsy/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbeu/yjsy/list.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('li.list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             let link = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
-            if (link.includes('page.htm')) {
+            if (link!.includes('page.htm')) {
                 link = `${rootUrl}${link}`;
             }
             return {
-                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title'),
+                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!,
                 pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span.Article_PublishDate').text()),
                 link,
             };
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (item.link.includes('page.htm')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (item.link!.includes('page.htm')) {
                     const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                     item.description = content('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbust/cs.ts b/lib/routes/hrbust/cs.ts
index 854a0d11f8..593ba7527e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbust/cs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbust/cs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('div.col_news_con li.news')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const element = $(item);
-            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href;
             const pubDateText = element.find('span.news_meta').text();
             const pubDate = pubDateText ? timezone(parseDate(pubDateText), 8) : null;
             return {
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 content.find('[style]').removeAttr('style');
                 content.find('font').contents().unwrap();
-                content.html(content.html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', ''));
+                content.html(content.html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', '') ?? '');
                 content.find('[align]').removeAttr('align');
 
                 const author = $('span.arti_publisher').text().replace('发布者：', '').trim();
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `${bigTitle} - 哈尔滨理工大学计算机学院`,
         link: columnUrl,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbust/gzc.ts b/lib/routes/hrbust/gzc.ts
index a463276ebf..31593b69e9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbust/gzc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbust/gzc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('ul.wp_article_list li.list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const element = $(item);
-            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href;
             const pubDateText = element.find('span.Article_PublishDate').text().trim();
             const pubDate = pubDateText ? timezone(parseDate(pubDateText), 8) : null;
             return {
@@ -77,7 +77,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 content.find('[style]').removeAttr('style');
                 content.find('font').contents().unwrap();
-                content.html(content.html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', ''));
+                const cleaned = content.html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', '');
+                if (cleaned !== undefined) {
+                    content.html(cleaned);
+                }
                 content.find('[align]').removeAttr('align');
 
                 return {
@@ -93,7 +96,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `${bigTitle} - 哈尔滨理工大学国有资产管理处`,
         link: columnUrl,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbust/jwzx.ts b/lib/routes/hrbust/jwzx.ts
index b9282b9bf4..672b70e65e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbust/jwzx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbust/jwzx.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -55,9 +55,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('div.articleList li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const element = $(item);
-            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href;
             const title = element.find('a').text().trim();
             const pubDateText = element.find('span').text();
             const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(pubDateText), 8);
@@ -81,7 +81,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const body = $('div.body');
                 body.find('[style]').removeAttr('style');
                 body.find('font').contents().unwrap();
-                body.html(body.html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', ''));
+                const cleaned = body.html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', '');
+                if (cleaned !== undefined) {
+                    body.html(cleaned);
+                }
                 body.find('[align]').removeAttr('align');
                 item.description = body.html();
                 if (item.description === null) {
@@ -95,7 +98,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `${bigTitle} - 哈尔滨理工大学教务处`,
         link: columnUrl,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbust/lib.ts b/lib/routes/hrbust/lib.ts
index f1e7b0578d..475760ddd4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbust/lib.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbust/lib.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('ul.tu_b3 li:not([class])')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const element = $(item);
-            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href;
             const pubDateText = element.find('span').text().trim();
             const pubDate = pubDateText ? timezone(parseDate(pubDateText), 8) : null;
             return {
@@ -77,7 +77,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 content.find('[style]').removeAttr('style');
                 content.find('font').contents().unwrap();
-                content.html(content.html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', ''));
+                const cleaned = content.html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', '');
+                if (cleaned !== undefined) {
+                    content.html(cleaned);
+                }
                 content.find('[align]').removeAttr('align');
 
                 return {
@@ -93,7 +96,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `${bigTitle} - 哈尔滨理工大学图书馆`,
         link: columnUrl,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbust/news.ts b/lib/routes/hrbust/news.ts
index e1dd71ff64..5a4faa7ff0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbust/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbust/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -52,9 +52,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('li[id^=line_u10]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const element = $(item);
-            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href;
             const pubDateText = element.find('span').text().trim();
             const pubDate = pubDateText ? timezone(parseDate(pubDateText), 8) : null;
             return {
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
 
                 const author = content('p.xinxi span:contains("作者：")').text().replace('作者：', '').trim();
-                item.author = author || null;
+                item.author = author || undefined;
 
                 const newsContent = content('div.v_news_content') || '解析正文失败';
                 const listAttachments = content('ul[style="list-style-type:none;"] a');
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `${bigTitle} - 哈尔滨理工大学新闻网`,
         link: columnUrl,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hrbust/nic.ts b/lib/routes/hrbust/nic.ts
index 915254c319..58ed3c7b4c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hrbust/nic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hrbust/nic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -52,10 +52,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('ul.news_list.list2 li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const element = $(item);
             const title = element.find('a').text().trim();
-            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href;
+            const link = new URL(element.find('a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
             const pubDateText = element.find('span.news_meta').text().trim();
             const pubDate = pubDateText ? timezone(parseDate(pubDateText), 8) : null;
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const body = $('div.wp_articlecontent');
                 body.find('[style]').removeAttr('style');
                 body.find('font').contents().unwrap();
-                body.html(body.html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', ''));
+                body.html(body.html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', '') ?? '');
                 body.find('[align]').removeAttr('align');
                 item.description = body.html();
                 return item;
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `${bigTitle} - 哈尔滨理工大学网络信息中心`,
         link: columnUrl,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/huanqiu/index.ts b/lib/routes/huanqiu/index.ts
index 5cd64beac7..c170a4ff48 100644
--- a/lib/routes/huanqiu/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/huanqiu/index.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import { isValidHost } from '@/utils/valid-host';
 
 function getKeysRecursive(dic, key, attr, array) {
-    for (const v of Object.values(dic)) {
+    for (const v of Object.values<Record<string, any>>(dic)) {
         if (v[key] === undefined) {
             array.push(v[attr]);
         } else {
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.description = content('textarea.article-content').text();
                 item.author = content('span', '.source').text();
                 item.pubDate = parseDate(Number.parseInt(content('textarea.article-time').text()));
-                item.category = content('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content').split(',');
+                item.category = content('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')!.split(',');
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${name} - 环球网`,
         link: host,
         description: '环球网',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/huawei/developer/harmonyos/samplecode.ts b/lib/routes/huawei/developer/harmonyos/samplecode.ts
index ff30594350..9edc798ab3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/huawei/developer/harmonyos/samplecode.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/huawei/developer/harmonyos/samplecode.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler() {
             classifyId: '',
             classifyIdList: [],
             keywords: '',
-            language: 'zh',
+            language: 'zh' as Language,
             pageIndex: 1,
             pageSize: 100,
         }),
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler() {
         title: 'HarmonyOS 示例代码 - 华为开发者联盟',
         link: 'https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/samples/',
         description: '华为鸿蒙系统示例代码更新',
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hubu/index.ts b/lib/routes/hubu/index.ts
index 0f7fd496f9..a3c750d716 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hubu/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hubu/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -16,18 +16,18 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     const $ = load(response);
 
-    const language = $('html').prop('lang');
+    const language = $('html').prop('lang') as Language;
 
     let items = $('div.list ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 language,
             };
         });
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo a img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo a img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/hubu/zhxy.ts b/lib/routes/hubu/zhxy.ts
index 2e589765b0..2dd9fd5728 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hubu/zhxy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hubu/zhxy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -16,18 +16,18 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     const $ = load(response);
 
-    const language = $('html').prop('lang');
+    const language = $('html').prop('lang') as Language;
 
     let items = $('div.box h1 a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.contents().first().text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text().replaceAll('[]', '')),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                title: $item.contents().first().text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text().replaceAll('[]', '')),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
                 language,
             };
         });
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo a img').prop('src'), currentUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo a img').prop('src')!, currentUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/humanlayer/blog.ts b/lib/routes/humanlayer/blog.ts
index f0ce67a125..9fb4658550 100644
--- a/lib/routes/humanlayer/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/humanlayer/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title: 'HumanLayer Blog',
         link: listUrl,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hunanpea/rsks.ts b/lib/routes/hunanpea/rsks.ts
index d99d6142d4..b1bf5f02ff 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hunanpea/rsks.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hunanpea/rsks.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('#column_content > ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('a').attr('href').replace('ArticleDetail.do', 'InternalArticleDetail.do?')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('em').text()), 8),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('a').attr('href')!.replace('ArticleDetail.do', 'InternalArticleDetail.do?')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('em').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hunau/gfxy/index.ts b/lib/routes/hunau/gfxy/index.ts
index bd92b7ce3e..a586201678 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hunau/gfxy/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hunau/gfxy/index.ts
@@ -38,4 +38,5 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         baseDescription: '湖南农业大学公共管理与法学学院',
         baseDeparment: 'gfxy',
     });
+    return null;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hunau/ied.ts b/lib/routes/hunau/ied.ts
index 98755a8e56..0ca8a0b5d6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hunau/ied.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hunau/ied.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    await getContent(ctx, {
+    return await getContent(ctx, {
         baseHost: 'https://ied.hunau.edu.cn',
         baseCategory: 'ggtz', // 默认：公告通知
         baseType: 'xwzx', // 默认：新闻中心
diff --git a/lib/routes/hunau/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/hunau/jwc.ts
index 6ea970bc91..b71057596b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hunau/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hunau/jwc.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    await getContent(ctx, {
+    return await getContent(ctx, {
         baseHost: 'https://jwc.hunau.edu.cn',
         baseCategory: 'tzgg', // 默认：通知公告
         baseTitle: '湖南农业大学教务处',
diff --git a/lib/routes/hunau/utils/common.ts b/lib/routes/hunau/utils/common.ts
index 985701302b..a97e0e85fb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hunau/utils/common.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hunau/utils/common.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // common.js
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -8,7 +9,18 @@ import { categoryTitle } from './category-title';
 import { indexPage } from './index-page';
 import { newsContent } from './news-content';
 
-export const getContent = async (ctx, { baseHost, baseCategory, baseType, baseTitle, baseDescription = '', baseDeparment = '', baseClass = 'div.article_list ul li:has(a)' }) => {
+export const getContent = async (
+    ctx,
+    {
+        baseHost,
+        baseCategory,
+        baseType,
+        baseTitle,
+        baseDescription = '',
+        baseDeparment = '',
+        baseClass = 'div.article_list ul li:has(a)',
+    }: { baseHost: string; baseCategory: string; baseType?: string; baseTitle: string; baseDescription?: string; baseDeparment?: string; baseClass?: string }
+) => {
     const { category = baseCategory, type = baseType, page = '1' } = ctx.req.param();
 
     const title = `${baseTitle} - ${categoryTitle(category)}`;
@@ -23,13 +35,13 @@ export const getContent = async (ctx, { baseHost, baseCategory, baseType, baseTi
 
     const list = $(baseClass)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             const href = a.attr('href');
             const title = a.text();
-            const link = href.startsWith('./') && !href.endsWith('.pdf') ? `${baseURl}${href.replace('./', '/')}` : href;
+            const link = href!.startsWith('./') && !href!.endsWith('.pdf') ? `${baseURl}${href!.replace('./', '/')}` : href;
 
             return {
                 title,
@@ -39,7 +51,7 @@ export const getContent = async (ctx, { baseHost, baseCategory, baseType, baseTi
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const content = await newsContent(item.link, baseDeparment);
 
                 item.pubDate = content.pubDate;
diff --git a/lib/routes/hunau/utils/news-content.ts b/lib/routes/hunau/utils/news-content.ts
index 177a7a3e54..92762aaf93 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hunau/utils/news-content.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hunau/utils/news-content.ts
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ export const newsContent = async (link, department = '') => {
 
         // 解析日期
         const extractDate = ($('.info').html()?.match(reg) || [])[0];
-        const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(extractDate, 'YYYY-MM-DD', 'zh-cn'), 8);
+        const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(extractDate!, 'YYYY-MM-DD', 'zh-cn'), 8);
         // 解析文章
         const newsContent = $(element).first();
         newsContent.find('table').remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/hunau/xky/index.ts b/lib/routes/hunau/xky/index.ts
index a299c954a4..46fbd9edaa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hunau/xky/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hunau/xky/index.ts
@@ -39,4 +39,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         baseDeparment: 'xky',
         baseClass: 'div.right_list ul li:has(a)',
     });
+
+    return null;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hupu/all.tsx b/lib/routes/hupu/all.tsx
index acba48f4af..9901104e2d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hupu/all.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hupu/all.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -50,13 +50,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('div.t-info > a, a.p-title')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `https://m.hupu.com/bbs${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.parent().parent().find('.post-time').text(), 'MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `https://m.hupu.com/bbs${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.parent().parent().find('.post-time').text(), 'MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
             };
         });
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                    const videos = [];
+                    const videos: any[] = [];
 
                     content('.hupu-post-video').each((_, el) => {
                         videos.push({
diff --git a/lib/routes/hupu/bbs.tsx b/lib/routes/hupu/bbs.tsx
index c8d56d4242..1592260038 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hupu/bbs.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hupu/bbs.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,13 +53,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.bbs-sl-web-post-layout .post-title a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.parent().parent().find('.post-time').text(), 'MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.parent().parent().find('.post-time').text(), 'MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/hupu/news.ts b/lib/routes/hupu/news.ts
index fa4b0ac77a..e29bf69d2d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hupu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hupu/news.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
     },
     categories: ['bbs'],
     handler: async (ctx): Promise<Data> => {
-        const team = NBA_TEAMS_ID_MAP[ctx.req.param('team')];
+        const team = NBA_TEAMS_ID_MAP[ctx.req.param('team')!];
         const teamId = team?.teamId;
         if (!teamId) {
             throw new Error('Invalid team name');
diff --git a/lib/routes/hust/aia/news.ts b/lib/routes/hust/aia/news.ts
index d2ee6f208e..f815f0bc98 100755
--- a/lib/routes/hust/aia/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hust/aia/news.ts
@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a h2').text(),
-                    description: item.find('a div').text() || '华科人工智能和自动化学院新闻',
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.date3').text(), 'DDYYYY-MM'),
-                    link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), link).href,
+                    title: $item.find('a h2').text(),
+                    description: $item.find('a div').text() || '华科人工智能和自动化学院新闻',
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date3').text(), 'DDYYYY-MM'),
+                    link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, link).href,
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/hust/aia/notice.ts b/lib/routes/hust/aia/notice.ts
index f98546ae19..2cb3b428e1 100755
--- a/lib/routes/hust/aia/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hust/aia/notice.ts
@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a h2').text(),
-                    description: item.find('a div').text() || title,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.date3').text(), 'DDYYYY-MM'),
-                    link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), link).href,
+                    title: $item.find('a h2').text(),
+                    description: $item.find('a div').text() || title,
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date3').text(), 'DDYYYY-MM'),
+                    link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, link).href,
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/hust/gs.ts b/lib/routes/hust/gs.ts
index 02691e8e9f..9cc11366da 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hust/gs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hust/gs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -19,22 +19,22 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.btlist ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             const link = a.prop('href');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.time').text()),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link, rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.time').text()),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content')?.replaceAll(',', ' - ') ?? $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/hust/mse.ts b/lib/routes/hust/mse.ts
index af03eb25bf..6b4981c0b4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hust/mse.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hust/mse.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -17,28 +17,28 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     const $ = load(response);
 
-    const language = $('html').prop('lang');
+    const language = $('html').prop('lang') as Language;
 
     let items = $('div.list ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.time').text()),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.time').text()),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, currentUrl).href,
                 language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (!item.link.includes(domain)) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (!item.link!.includes(domain)) {
                     return item;
                 }
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content')?.replaceAll(',', ' - ') ?? $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/hust/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/hust/yjs.ts
index 9819c4d228..817405a984 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hust/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hust/yjs.ts
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), link).href,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, link).href,
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/huxiu/util.ts b/lib/routes/huxiu/util.ts
index 6f7adf84c9..f81a3a0599 100644
--- a/lib/routes/huxiu/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/huxiu/util.ts
@@ -29,39 +29,39 @@ const cleanUpHTML = (data) => {
     $('div.neirong-shouquan').remove();
     $('em.vote__bar, div.vote__btn, div.vote__time').remove();
     $('p img').each((_, e) => {
-        e = $(e);
-        if ((e.prop('src') ?? e.prop('_src')) !== undefined) {
-            e.parent().replaceWith(
+        const $e = $(e);
+        if (($e.prop('src') ?? $e.prop('_src')) !== undefined) {
+            $e.parent().replaceWith(
                 renderDescription({
                     image: {
-                        src: (e.prop('src') ?? e.prop('_src')).split(/\?/, 1)[0],
-                        width: e.prop('data-w'),
-                        height: e.prop('data-h'),
+                        src: ($e.prop('src') ?? $e.prop('_src')).split(/\?/, 1)[0],
+                        width: $e.prop('data-w'),
+                        height: $e.prop('data-h'),
                     },
                 })
             );
         }
     });
     $('p, span').each((_, e) => {
-        e = $(e);
-        if (e.contents().length === 1 && /^\s*$/.test(e.text())) {
-            e.remove();
+        const $e = $(e);
+        if ($e.contents().length === 1 && /^\s*$/.test($e.text())) {
+            $e.remove();
         } else {
-            e.removeClass();
-            e.removeAttr('data-check-id label class');
+            $e.removeClass();
+            $e.removeAttr('data-check-id label class');
         }
     });
     $('.text-big-title').each((_, e) => {
         e.tagName = 'h3';
-        e = $(e);
-        e.removeClass();
-        e.removeAttr('class');
+        const $e = $(e);
+        $e.removeClass();
+        $e.removeAttr('class');
     });
     $('.text-sm-title').each((_, e) => {
         e.tagName = 'h4';
-        e = $(e);
-        e.removeClass();
-        e.removeAttr('class');
+        const $e = $(e);
+        $e.removeClass();
+        $e.removeAttr('class');
     });
 
     return $.html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/arktca.ts b/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/arktca.ts
index 53a08ca48e..0029832391 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/arktca.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/arktca.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ async function handler() {
                             const comments = Number.parseInt($$('span.wl-num').text());
                             return {
                                 title,
-                                language,
+                                language: language as Language,
                                 author,
                                 pubDate,
                                 category,
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ async function handler() {
         logo: logoUrl,
         image: logoUrl,
         author,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
-        item: journals.flat(Infinity),
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
+        item: journals.flat(Infinity) as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/japan.ts b/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/japan.ts
index 4eb53bb78a..ada145915b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/japan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/japan.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
         title: 'アークナイツ',
         link: 'https://www.arknights.jp/news',
         description: 'アークナイツ ニュース',
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         item: newsList,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/news.ts b/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/news.ts
index 357bf32284..ec345b218d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hypergryph/arknights/news.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const { group = 'ALL' } = ctx.req.param();
 
-    const initialData: Promise<InitialData> = await cache.tryGet(
+    const initialData: InitialData = await cache.tryGet(
         'hypergryph:arknights:news',
         async () => {
             const response = await ofetch('https://ak.hypergryph.com/news');
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 const description = $('div > div > div > div > div > div > div:nth-child(4)');
-                item.description = description.length ? description.html() : item.description;
+                item.description = (description.length ? description.html() : item.description) ?? '';
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -113,6 +113,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '《明日方舟》游戏公告与新闻',
         link: 'https://ak.hypergryph.com/news',
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/hypergryph/endfield/news.ts b/lib/routes/hypergryph/endfield/news.ts
index fdacda1247..d77d2f5e85 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hypergryph/endfield/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hypergryph/endfield/news.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -141,6 +141,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '《明日方舟：终末地》游戏公告与新闻',
         link: 'https://endfield.hypergryph.com/news',
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ianspriggs/index.ts b/lib/routes/ianspriggs/index.ts
index f4a11ae5ad..97f33171ed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ianspriggs/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ianspriggs/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,25 +44,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const image = item.find('img').first();
+            const image = $item.find('img').first();
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('div.work-info').text(),
-                link: item.find('a').prop('href'),
+                title: $item.find('div.work-info').text(),
+                link: $item.find('a').prop('href'),
                 description: renderDescription({
                     images: image?.prop('src')
                         ? [
                               {
-                                  src: image.prop('src').replace(/_thumbnail\./, '.'),
+                                  src: image.prop('src')!.replace(/_thumbnail\./, '.'),
                                   alt: image.prop('alt'),
                               },
                           ]
                         : undefined,
                 }),
                 author,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.work-info p').last(), 'YYYY'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.work-info p').last().text(), 'YYYY'),
                 enclosure_url: image?.prop('src') ?? undefined,
                 enclosure_type: image?.prop('src') ? 'image/jpeg' : undefined,
             };
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -78,18 +78,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const images = content('div.work-item img')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((item) => {
-                        item = content(item);
+                        const $item = content(item);
 
                         return {
-                            src: item.prop('src').replace(/-\d+x\d+\./, '.'),
-                            alt: item.prop('alt'),
+                            src: $item.prop('src')!.replace(/-\d+x\d+\./, '.'),
+                            alt: $item.prop('alt'),
                         };
                     });
 
                 item.title = content('div.project-title').text();
                 item.description += renderDescription({
                     images,
-                    description: content('div.nectar-fancy-ul').html(),
+                    description: content('div.nectar-fancy-ul').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.pubDate = parseDate(content('span.subheader').last().text(), 'YYYY');
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('a[aria-current="page"] span.menu-title-text').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/icac/news.ts b/lib/routes/icac/news.ts
index 12d3e79235..e7d289c832 100644
--- a/lib/routes/icac/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/icac/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.pressItem.clearfix')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
             const c = load(e);
             return {
                 title: c('.hd a').text(),
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 c('.col-3-wrap.clearfix.pressPhoto div').removeAttr('class');
                 const des = c('.pressContent.full').html();
                 const thumbs = c('.col-3-wrap.clearfix.pressPhoto').html() ?? '';
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(decodeURI(c('.date').text().trim()), ['YYYY年MM月DD日', 'YYYY年MM月D日', 'YYYY年M月DD日', 'YYYY年M月D日'], true);
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(decodeURI(c('.date').text().trim()), ['YYYY年MM月DD日', 'YYYY年MM月D日', 'YYYY年M月DD日', 'YYYY年M月D日'], true as unknown as string);
                 item.description = des + thumbs;
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/idaily/index.tsx b/lib/routes/idaily/index.tsx
index 9c899117af..30b78b9b0a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/idaily/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/idaily/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content'),
         author: title.split(/\s/, 1)[0],
diff --git a/lib/routes/idolmaster/news.ts b/lib/routes/idolmaster/news.ts
index ca71f6200e..d3694b09d5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/idolmaster/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/idolmaster/news.ts
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item: DataItem) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const rsp = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(rsp.data);
                 const nextData = JSON.parse(content('script#__NEXT_DATA__').text());
diff --git a/lib/routes/ieee-security/sp.ts b/lib/routes/ieee-security/sp.ts
index 22cf2bea48..2ce6a2a9b7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ieee-security/sp.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ieee-security/sp.ts
@@ -29,18 +29,18 @@ async function handler() {
     const responses = await Promise.allSettled(urlList.map((url) => ofetch(url)));
 
     const items = responses.flatMap((response, i) => {
-        const $ = load(response.value);
+        const $ = load((response as PromiseFulfilledResult<any>).value);
         return $('div.panel-body > div.list-group-item')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const title = item.find('b').text().trim();
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const title = $item.find('b').text().trim();
                 const link = urlList[i];
                 return {
                     title,
-                    author: item.html().trim().split('<br>', 2)[1].trim(),
+                    author: $item.html()!.trim().split('<br>', 2)[1].trim(),
                     link: `${link}#${title}`,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(link.match(/SP(\d{4})/)[1], 'YYYY'),
+                    pubDate: parseDate(link.match(/SP(\d{4})/)![1], 'YYYY'),
                 };
             });
     });
diff --git a/lib/routes/iehou/index.ts b/lib/routes/iehou/index.ts
index ba062ab760..71732155de 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iehou/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iehou/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -17,21 +17,21 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     const $ = load(response);
 
-    const language = $('html').prop('lang');
+    const language = $('html').prop('lang') as Language;
 
     let items = $('li.list-group-item div.subject h2')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.text();
+            const title = $item.text();
 
             return {
                 title,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.parent().find('span').text(), 'MM-DD HH:mm', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
-                link: item.find('a').prop('href'),
-                category: item
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.parent().find('span').text(), 'MM-DD HH:mm', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
+                link: $item.find('a').prop('href'),
+                category: $item
                     .nextAll('a')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text()),
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
diff --git a/lib/routes/ielts/index.ts b/lib/routes/ielts/index.ts
index d177968d55..a99e5df5d7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ielts/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ielts/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,18 +53,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('#newsListUl li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((elem) => {
+        .map((elem): DataItem => {
             const $elem = $(elem);
             return {
                 title: $elem.find('a').text(),
                 link: $elem.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($elem.find('span').eq(-1).text().replaceAll(/[[\]]/g, '').trim(), 8)),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($elem.find('span').eq(-1).text().replaceAll(/[[\]]/g, '').trim()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/ifanr/digest.ts b/lib/routes/ifanr/digest.ts
index 4439f97f84..ab66bac369 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ifanr/digest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ifanr/digest.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 text: item.post_content ?? description,
             },
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
             _extra: {
                 links: [
                     {
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.c-header-navbar__logo').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ifeng/feng.ts b/lib/routes/ifeng/feng.ts
index 4ea07f876d..cb8f33f0db 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ifeng/feng.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ifeng/feng.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const { sockpuppetInfo: allData } = JSON.parse(
         $('script')
             .text()
-            .match(/var allData = (.*?);/)[1]
+            .match(/var allData = (.*?);/)![1]
     );
     const { data: contentData } = JSON.parse(contentResponse.match(/getListData\((.*)\)/)[1]);
     const { weMediaName: mediaName, honorDesc, description, logo } = allData;
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const _allData = JSON.parse(
                     $('script')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/var allData = (\{.*?\});/)[1]
+                        .match(/var allData = (\{.*?\});/)![1]
                 );
                 if (type === 'doc') {
                     item.description = extractDoc(_allData.docData.contentData.contentList);
diff --git a/lib/routes/iguoguo/index.ts b/lib/routes/iguoguo/index.ts
index ec6037ec05..c9e01fbb22 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iguoguo/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iguoguo/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
             media: cover && {
                 content: {
                     url: cover,
-                    type: `image/${mime[cover.split('.').pop()]}`,
+                    type: `image/${mime[cover.split('.').pop()!]}`,
                 },
             },
         };
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
         title: '爱果果',
         link: currentUrl,
         description: '爱果果iguoguo是一个优秀酷站、h5、UI素材资源的发布分享平台，是设计师的灵感聚合地和素材下载源。',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ikea/cn/family-offers.ts b/lib/routes/ikea/cn/family-offers.ts
index 3003e2e2de..3fbc11f3e6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ikea/cn/family-offers.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ikea/cn/family-offers.ts
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler() {
-    const familyPriceProductIds = [];
-    const productRequests = [];
+    const familyPriceProductIds: string[][] = [];
+    const productRequests: Array<Promise<any>> = [];
 
     const familyPriceProductsLoadMore = async ({ pageIndex }) => {
         const response = await familyPriceProductsRequest({ pageIndex });
diff --git a/lib/routes/ikea/cn/new.ts b/lib/routes/ikea/cn/new.ts
index 4ee41ef128..c67496db4a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ikea/cn/new.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ikea/cn/new.ts
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler() {
-    const allProductSummaries = [];
+    const allProductSummaries: any[] = [];
 
-    const loadMoreRequest = async ({ moreToken }) => {
+    const loadMoreRequest = async ({ moreToken }: { moreToken?: string }) => {
         const response = await request({ moreToken });
         const { data } = response;
         allProductSummaries.push(data.productSummaries);
diff --git a/lib/routes/ikea/gb/offer.ts b/lib/routes/ikea/gb/offer.ts
index 1cc2604a44..4a3397ab87 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ikea/gb/offer.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ikea/gb/offer.ts
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ async function handler() {
     const carousel = $('.pub__carousel-slide')
         .toArray()
         .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const title = e.find('h3');
-            const img = e.find('.pub__image').each((_, e) => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const title = $e.find('h3');
+            const img = $e.find('.pub__image').each((_, e) => {
                 e.attribs.src = e.attribs.src.split('?', 1)[0];
                 delete e.attribs.srcset;
             });
-            const link = new URL(e.find('pub-hide-empty-link a').attr('href'));
+            const link = new URL($e.find('pub-hide-empty-link a').attr('href')!);
             const { searchParams, href } = link;
             searchParams.delete('itm_content');
             searchParams.delete('itm_element');
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ async function handler() {
             return {
                 title: title.text(),
                 description: renderOffer({
-                    img: img.parent().html(),
-                    desc: title.next().parent().html(),
+                    img: img.parent().html() ?? undefined,
+                    desc: title.next().parent().html() ?? undefined,
                 }),
                 link: href,
                 guid: `${href}#${title.text()}`,
@@ -62,15 +62,15 @@ async function handler() {
     const banner = $('div[data-pub-type="banner"]')
         .toArray()
         .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const title = e.find('h2');
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const title = $e.find('h2');
             const next = title.next();
-            const img = e.find('.pub__image').each((_, e) => {
+            const img = $e.find('.pub__image').each((_, e) => {
                 e.attribs.src = e.attribs.src.split('?', 1)[0];
                 delete e.attribs.srcset;
             });
 
-            const link = new URL(next.find('a').attr('href'));
+            const link = new URL(next.find('a').attr('href')!);
             const { searchParams, href } = link;
             searchParams.delete('itm_content');
             searchParams.delete('itm_element');
@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ async function handler() {
             return {
                 title: title.text(),
                 description: renderOffer({
-                    img: img.parent().html(),
-                    desc: title.parent().html(),
+                    img: img.parent().html() ?? undefined,
+                    desc: title.parent().html() ?? undefined,
                 }),
                 link: href,
                 guid: `${href}#${title.text()}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/iknowwhatyoudownload/daily.tsx b/lib/routes/iknowwhatyoudownload/daily.tsx
index 0699438486..9ce032620d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iknowwhatyoudownload/daily.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/iknowwhatyoudownload/daily.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import dayjs from 'dayjs';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const topList = $('.tab-pane')
                         .toArray()
                         .map((item) => ({
-                            title: $(item).attr('id')?.toUpperCase(),
+                            title: $(item).attr('id')?.toUpperCase() as string,
                             content: $(item).find('ul').toString(),
                         }));
 
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 });
             })
         )
-    ).filter((item) => Object.keys(item).length > 0);
+    ).filter((item) => Object.keys(item).length > 0) as DataItem[];
 
     return {
         title: `Daily Torrents Statistics in ${country} - iknownwhatyoudownload`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/imagemagick/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/imagemagick/changelog.ts
index 1f8b3da895..0996d3eb55 100644
--- a/lib/routes/imagemagick/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/imagemagick/changelog.ts
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('h2')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.text();
+            const title = $item.text();
 
             let description = '';
-            item.nextUntil('h2').each((_, el) => {
+            $item.nextUntil('h2').each((_, el) => {
                 description += $(el).html();
             });
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 title,
                 description,
                 link: `${logUrl}#${title.replaceAll(/\s+/g, '-').replaceAll('.', '')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(title.match(/- (\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)[1]),
+                pubDate: parseDate(title.match(/- (\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)![1]),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/imdb/chart.tsx b/lib/routes/imdb/chart.tsx
index 6485e8eee7..40e14f5bce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/imdb/chart.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/imdb/chart.tsx
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
             plot: node.plot,
         }),
         link: `${baseUrl}/title/${node.id}`,
-        category: node.titleGenres.genres.map((g) => chartTitles.genres.find((genre) => genre.filterId === g.genre.text)?.text),
+        category: node.titleGenres.genres.map((g) => chartTitles.genres.find((genre) => genre.filterId === g.genre.text)?.text) as string[],
     }));
 
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/imiker/jinghua.ts b/lib/routes/imiker/jinghua.ts
index 3b971924f7..34303483ce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/imiker/jinghua.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/imiker/jinghua.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.title = content('div.title h1').text();
                 item.description += renderDescription({
-                    description: content('div#warp').html(),
+                    description: content('div#warp').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.author = content('div.name').text();
 
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${author} - ${description}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description,
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: description,
diff --git a/lib/routes/imop/tianshu.ts b/lib/routes/imop/tianshu.ts
index ca90d0e36f..867e7f1dbb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/imop/tianshu.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/imop/tianshu.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -27,17 +27,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(iconv.decode(response, 'gbk'));
     const list = $('.right .right_top .right_bot .list2 .ul1 ul')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const href: string = item.find('a').attr('href');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const href: string = $item.find('a').attr('href')!;
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
                 link: href.startsWith('http') ? href : `${baseUrl}${href}`,
             };
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link, { responseType: 'buffer' });
                 const $ = load(iconv.decode(response, 'gbk'));
                 item.description = $('.right .right_top .right_bot .articlebox').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/indianexpress/section.ts b/lib/routes/indianexpress/section.ts
index edd33ab67b..c6ccb92124 100644
--- a/lib/routes/indianexpress/section.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/indianexpress/section.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 text: description,
             },
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         feedLink: $('link[type="application/rss+xml"]').attr('href'),
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/indiansinkuwait/latest.ts b/lib/routes/indiansinkuwait/latest.ts
index ad58cf8d76..4bc0dbab90 100644
--- a/lib/routes/indiansinkuwait/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/indiansinkuwait/latest.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,17 +37,17 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.paragraphs .span4')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.content-heading h6 a').text().trim(),
-                link: baseUrl + item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('.content-heading h6 a').text().trim(),
+                link: baseUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/indienova/gamedb.ts b/lib/routes/indienova/gamedb.ts
index 69a664b206..07b74b3f37 100644
--- a/lib/routes/indienova/gamedb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/indienova/gamedb.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.related-game')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             return {
                 title: $item
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const article = $('.row article');
                 article.find('#showHiddenText').remove();
 
-                item.description = $('.cover-image').prop('outerHTML') + $('.tab-container').html() + article.html();
+                item.description = $('.cover-image').prop('outerHTML')! + $('.tab-container').html()! + article.html();
                 item.pubDate = $('.gamedb-release').length ? timezone(parseDate($('.gamedb-release').text().replaceAll(/[()]/g, '')), 8) : item.pubDate;
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/indienova/usergames.ts b/lib/routes/indienova/usergames.ts
index b3b948e1c4..c6df2309e8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/indienova/usergames.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/indienova/usergames.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,22 +38,22 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.steam-game')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                author: item.find('span').text(),
+                title: $item.find('h3').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                author: $item.find('span').text(),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
-                item.description = $('.cover-image').prop('outerHTML') + $('.tab-container').html() + $('.swiper-wrapper').prop('outerHTML') + $('.postcontent').html();
+                item.description = $('.cover-image').prop('outerHTML')! + $('.tab-container').html()! + $('.swiper-wrapper').prop('outerHTML') + $('.postcontent').html();
                 item.pubDate = $('.gamedb-release').length ? timezone(parseDate($('.gamedb-release').text().replaceAll(/[()]/g, '')), 8) : null;
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/indienova/utils.ts b/lib/routes/indienova/utils.ts
index 4e96f80cbf..839e94e142 100644
--- a/lib/routes/indienova/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/indienova/utils.ts
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ const parseList = ($) =>
     $('.article-panel')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('h4 a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('h4 a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: new URL(a.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                upvotes: item.find('.number-first').text(),
-                comments: item.find('.number-last').text(),
+                upvotes: $item.find('.number-first').text(),
+                comments: $item.find('.number-last').text(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/inewsweek/index.ts b/lib/routes/inewsweek/index.ts
index 15852567c1..b1919e2e80 100644
--- a/lib/routes/inewsweek/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/inewsweek/index.ts
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         $('div.grid-item')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const href = item.find('a').attr('href');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const href = $item.find('a').attr('href');
                 const articleLink = `${rootUrl}${href}`;
                 return cache.tryGet(articleLink, async () => {
                     const response = await got(articleLink, {
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const time = timezone(
                         parseDate(
                             $('div.editor')
-                                .html()
+                                .html()!
                                 .split(/(\s{2,})/, 3)[2]
                         ),
                         8
                     );
                     return {
-                        title: item.find('p').text(),
+                        title: $item.find('p').text(),
                         description: fullText,
                         link: articleLink,
                         pubDate: time,
diff --git a/lib/routes/infoq/presentations.ts b/lib/routes/infoq/presentations.ts
index 6ac56e9609..1430de38d0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/infoq/presentations.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/infoq/presentations.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h3.card__title a');
+            const a = $item.find('h3.card__title a');
 
             const title = a.prop('title') || a.text().trim();
-            const image = item.find('img.card__image').prop('src');
+            const image = $item.find('img.card__image').prop('src');
             const description = renderDescription({
                 images: image
                     ? [
@@ -39,22 +39,22 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                           },
                       ]
                     : undefined,
-                intro: item.find('p.card__excerpt').text(),
+                intro: $item.find('p.card__excerpt').text(),
             });
-            const link = new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
-            const guid = `infoq-${item.prop('data-path').replace(/^\//, '')}`;
-            const length = item.find('div.card__length').text() || undefined;
+            const link = new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
+            const guid = `infoq-${$item.prop('data-path').replace(/^\//, '')}`;
+            const length = $item.find('div.card__length').text() || undefined;
 
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.card__date span').text().trim()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.card__date span').text().trim()),
                 link,
-                category: item
+                category: $item
                     .find('div.card__topics')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text().trim()),
-                author: item
+                author: $item
                     .find('div.card__authors a')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((a) => $(a).text().trim())
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 id: guid,
                 content: {
                     html: description,
-                    text: item.find('p.card__excerpt').text(),
+                    text: $item.find('p.card__excerpt').text(),
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
                 enclosure_url: length ? link : undefined,
                 enclosure_type: length ? 'video/mp4' : undefined,
                 enclosure_title: title,
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                               },
                           ]
                         : undefined,
-                    description: $$('article.article').html(),
+                    description: $$('article.article').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
 
                 item.description = description;
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 };
                 item.image = image;
                 item.banner = image;
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
                 item.enclosure_url = videoSrc;
                 item.enclosure_type = item.enclosure_url ? 'video/mp4' : undefined;
                 item.enclosure_title = title;
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: title.split(/-/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/informs/index.tsx b/lib/routes/informs/index.tsx
index 1298588ddf..9deaaf28ae 100644
--- a/lib/routes/informs/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/informs/index.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -60,14 +60,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('div.issue-item')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('h5.issue-item__title').text(),
-            link: `${rootUrl}${$(item).find('h5.issue-item__title > a').attr('href')}`,
-            pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('div.rlist--inline.separator.toc-item__detail > p').remove('span').text()),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('h5.issue-item__title').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$(item).find('h5.issue-item__title > a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('div.rlist--inline.separator.toc-item__detail > p').remove('span').text()),
+            })
+        );
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got.get(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         referer: cateUrl,
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     },
                 });
                 const detail = load(detailResponse.data);
-                item.description = renderDescription(detail('div.accordion-tabbed.loa-accordion').text(), detail('div.hlFld-Abstract').find('h2').replaceWith($('<h2>Abstract </h2>')).end().html());
+                item.description = renderDescription(detail('div.accordion-tabbed.loa-accordion').text(), detail('div.hlFld-Abstract').find('h2').replaceWith($('<h2>Abstract </h2>')).end().html() ?? '');
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/infzm/hot.ts b/lib/routes/infzm/hot.ts
index 4242f9130c..61a2fecad9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/infzm/hot.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/infzm/hot.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
-import type { ContentsResponse } from './types';
 import { fetchArticles } from './utils';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(): Promise<Data> {
     const link = 'https://www.infzm.com/';
-    const { data } = await got<ContentsResponse>({
+    const { data } = await got({
         method: 'get',
         url: 'https://www.infzm.com/hot_contents',
     });
diff --git a/lib/routes/infzm/index.ts b/lib/routes/infzm/index.ts
index 753201a21d..bd8aaf8a2b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/infzm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/infzm/index.ts
@@ -30,13 +30,14 @@ export const baseUrl = 'https://www.infzm.com/contents';
 async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
     const id = ctx.req.param('id');
     const link = `${baseUrl}?term_id=${id}`;
-    const { data } = await got<ContentsResponse>({
+    const response = await got({
         method: 'get',
         url: `${baseUrl}?term_id=${id}&page=1&format=json`,
         headers: {
             Referer: link,
         },
     });
+    const data = response.data as ContentsResponse;
 
     const resultItem = await fetchArticles(data.data.contents);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/infzm/utils.ts b/lib/routes/infzm/utils.ts
index e263d55262..3ca678c199 100644
--- a/lib/routes/infzm/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/infzm/utils.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export async function fetchArticles(data) {
 
             return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const cookie = config.infzm.cookie;
-                const response = await got.get<string>({
+                const response = await got.get({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: link,
                     headers: {
diff --git a/lib/routes/inoreader/rss.ts b/lib/routes/inoreader/rss.ts
index ee02e90b13..51ecf5dc12 100644
--- a/lib/routes/inoreader/rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/inoreader/rss.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
 
@@ -30,16 +30,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const rssUrl = `${rootUrl}/user/${user}/tag/${tag}`;
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(rssUrl);
     feed.items = feed.items.map((item) => {
-        if (item && item.enclosure && item.enclosure.type.includes('audio')) {
+        if (item && item.enclosure && item.enclosure.type!.includes('audio')) {
             // output podcast rss
             // get first image in content
             let firstImgSrc = '';
             if (item.content !== null) {
-                const $ = load(item.content);
-                firstImgSrc = $('img').first().attr('src');
+                const $ = load(item.content!);
+                firstImgSrc = $('img').first().attr('src')!;
             }
             return {
-                title: item.title,
+                title: item.title!,
                 pubDate: item.pubDate,
                 link: item.link,
                 description: item.content,
@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         };
     });
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         itunes_author: 'Inoreader',
         image: 'https://www.inoreader.com/brand/img/ino_app_icon.png',
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
-        item: feed.items,
+        item: feed.items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/instagram/private-api/index.ts b/lib/routes/instagram/private-api/index.ts
index 8787a236a8..2b18300d17 100644
--- a/lib/routes/instagram/private-api/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/instagram/private-api/index.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ async function loadContent(category, nameOrId) {
             let userInfo, username, id;
             if (Number.isNaN(nameOrId)) {
                 username = nameOrId;
-                id = await cache.tryGet(`instagram:getIdByUsername:${username}`, () => ig.user.getIdByUsername(username), 31_536_000); // 1 year since it will never change
+                id = await cache.tryGet(`instagram:getIdByUsername:${username}`, () => ig.user.getIdByUsername(username) as unknown as Promise<string>, 31_536_000); // 1 year since it will never change
                 userInfo = await cache.tryGet(`instagram:userInfo:${id}`, () => ig.user.info(id));
             } else {
                 id = nameOrId;
diff --git a/lib/routes/instagram/templates/video.tsx b/lib/routes/instagram/templates/video.tsx
index bec4126eca..00319c87fa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/instagram/templates/video.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/instagram/templates/video.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 type VideoItem = {
     url: string;
     width?: number | string;
+    height?: number | string;
 };
 
 type VideoRenderOptions = {
diff --git a/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/index.ts b/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/index.ts
index e72e2d7d2a..41ed41b35d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/index.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         throw new InvalidParameterError('Such feed is not supported.');
     }
 
-    let cookieJar = await cache.get('instagram:cookieJar');
+    let cookieJar: any = await cache.get('instagram:cookieJar');
     // const wwwClaimV2 = await cache.get('instagram:wwwClaimV2');
     const cacheMiss = !cookieJar;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/utils.ts b/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/utils.ts
index 500975e3db..daa849021f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/utils.ts
@@ -72,10 +72,10 @@ const getUserInfo = async (username, cookieJar) => {
             webProfileInfo = response._data.data.user;
             id = webProfileInfo.id;
 
-            await cache.set(`instagram:getIdByUsername:${username}`, id, 31_536_000); // 1 year since it will never change
+            await cache.set(`instagram:getIdByUsername:${username}`, id ?? '', 31_536_000); // 1 year since it will never change
             await cache.set(`instagram:userInfo:${id}`, webProfileInfo);
         } catch (error) {
-            if (error.message.includes("Cookie not in this host's domain")) {
+            if ((error as Error).message.includes("Cookie not in this host's domain")) {
                 throw new ConfigNotFoundError('Invalid cookie');
             }
             throw error;
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ const renderGuestItems = (items) => {
                               }
                           })
                           .join('')
-                    : renderImages(node, summary);
+                    : renderImagesItem(node, summary);
                 break;
             case 'GraphVideo':
                 description = renderVideoItem(node, summary);
diff --git a/lib/routes/instructables/projects.ts b/lib/routes/instructables/projects.ts
index a59f9787c2..0f51227c8e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/instructables/projects.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/instructables/projects.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: 'Instructables Projects', // 项目的标题
         link: `https://${siteDomain}/projects`, // 指向项目的链接
         description: 'Instructables Projects', // 描述项目
-        language: 'en', // 频道语言
+        language: 'en' as Language, // 频道语言
         item: data.hits.map((item) => ({
             title: item.document.title,
             link: `https://${siteDomain}/${item.document.urlString}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/investor/index.ts b/lib/routes/investor/index.ts
index 64cc265a9e..de4810cbf4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/investor/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/investor/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.right_content_item a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('div.title').text();
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? parseDate(pubDateStr) : undefined,
                 link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, targetUrl).href : undefined,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('div.text_content_detail_title h1').text();
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.fl a img').attr('src') ? new URL($('div.fl a img').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: title.split(/\|/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/iplaysoft/index.ts b/lib/routes/iplaysoft/index.ts
index 0d94002cda..204531d40a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iplaysoft/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iplaysoft/index.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx): Promise<Data> => {
         filteredItems.map(
             (item) =>
                 cache.tryGet(item.link as string, async () => {
-                    const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $ = load(response);
 
                     $('.entry-content').find('div[style*="overflow:hidden"]').remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/iqilu/program.ts b/lib/routes/iqilu/program.ts
index bb87acbc45..bd0005997e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iqilu/program.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iqilu/program.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,16 +53,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('#jmzhanshi1 dl')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
-            const image = item.find('img').first();
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
+            const image = $item.find('img').first();
 
-            item.find('dd').last().remove();
+            $item.find('dd').last().remove();
 
             return {
-                title: a.prop('title'),
+                title: a.prop('title') ?? '',
                 link: a.prop('href'),
                 description: renderDescription({
                     image: {
@@ -71,11 +71,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     },
                 }),
                 pubDate: parseDate(
-                    item
+                    $item
                         .find('dd')
                         .last()
                         .text()
-                        .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)[1]
+                        .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)![1]
                 ),
                 itunes_item_image: image.prop('src'),
             };
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         )
     );
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
     const author = $('div.host_pic dl dd a')
         .toArray()
         .map((a) => $(a).text())
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('div.s_logo img').prop('src'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/iqiyi/album.tsx b/lib/routes/iqiyi/album.tsx
index fb8fd12764..1d33c79871 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iqiyi/album.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/iqiyi/album.tsx
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let pos = 1;
     let hasMore: boolean;
-    let epgs = [];
+    let epgs: any[] = [];
     do {
         const {
             data: { data },
diff --git a/lib/routes/iqiyi/video.ts b/lib/routes/iqiyi/video.ts
index c09df521b8..7872d3d67e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iqiyi/video.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iqiyi/video.ts
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 title: $('title').text(),
                 link,
                 item: list.toArray().map((item) => ({
-                    title: $(item).attr('title'),
+                    title: $(item).attr('title')!,
                     // description: `<img src="${$(item).find('.li-pic img').attr('src')}">`,
                     pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('.li-sub span.sub-date').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                     link: $(item).find('.li-dec a').attr('href'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/iqnew/latest.ts b/lib/routes/iqnew/latest.ts
index e8c18a223c..d568a3798b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iqnew/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iqnew/latest.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,17 +44,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.page-main-list .list-item a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: rootUrl + item.attr('href'),
+                link: rootUrl + $item.attr('href'),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/iresearch/report.ts b/lib/routes/iresearch/report.ts
index 626cf27852..710bee1983 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iresearch/report.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iresearch/report.ts
@@ -198,6 +198,10 @@ const idOptions = [
 const defaultType = 1;
 const siteTitle = '艾瑞咨询';
 
+interface ReportItem extends DataItem {
+    detailId?: string | number;
+}
+
 export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const { type: paramType = defaultType, id: paramId = '' } = ctx.req.param();
     const limit = Number(ctx.req.query('limit') ?? '50');
@@ -228,7 +232,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         },
     });
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = response.List.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: ReportItem[] = response.List.slice(0, limit).map((item): ReportItem => {
         const title: string =
             item.reportname ??
             (() => {
@@ -257,7 +261,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         const image: string | undefined = images?.[0] ?? undefined;
         const updated: number | string = pubDate;
 
-        let processedItem: DataItem = {
+        let processedItem: ReportItem = {
             title,
             description,
             pubDate: pubDate ? timezone(parseDate(pubDate), 8) : undefined,
diff --git a/lib/routes/iresearch/weekly.ts b/lib/routes/iresearch/weekly.ts
index 975a171a73..75a4fb809c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iresearch/weekly.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iresearch/weekly.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 
-export const handler = (ctx: Context): Data | undefined => {
+export const handler = (ctx: Context): void => {
     const { id } = ctx.req.param();
     const limit = Number(ctx.req.query('limit') ?? '20');
 
-    ctx.set('redirect', `/iresearch/report/3${id ? `/${id}` : ''}?limit=${limit}`);
-    return;
+    return ctx.set('redirect', `/iresearch/report/3${id ? `/${id}` : ''}?limit=${limit}`);
 };
 
 export const route: Route = {
diff --git a/lib/routes/itch/devlog.ts b/lib/routes/itch/devlog.ts
index 524ca8310c..70e6253b01 100644
--- a/lib/routes/itch/devlog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/itch/devlog.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,19 +53,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.title')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, limit)
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.text()), 8),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.description = renderDescription({
                     images: content('.post_image')
                         .toArray()
-                        .map((e) => content(e).attr('src')),
-                    description: content('.post_body').html(),
+                        .map((e) => content(e).attr('src')!),
+                    description: content('.post_body').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/itch/index.ts b/lib/routes/itch/index.ts
index c225ccc0dd..ffdde4e84d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/itch/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/itch/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -36,18 +36,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.title.game_link')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.description = renderDescription({
                     images: content('.screenshot')
                         .toArray()
-                        .map((i) => content(i).attr('src')),
-                    description: content('.formatted_description').html(),
+                        .map((i) => content(i).attr('src')!),
+                    description: content('.formatted_description').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/itch/posts.ts b/lib/routes/itch/posts.ts
index 515f9542a8..2ba2c7b0d4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/itch/posts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/itch/posts.ts
@@ -44,17 +44,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.post_grid')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const author = item.find('.post_author').text();
-            const description = item.find('.post_body');
+            const author = $item.find('.post_author').text();
+            const description = $item.find('.post_body');
 
             return {
                 author,
                 description: description.html(),
                 title: `${author}: ${description.text()}`,
-                link: item.find('.post_date a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.post_date').attr('title')),
+                link: $item.find('.post_date a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.post_date').attr('title')!),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ithome/index.ts b/lib/routes/ithome/index.ts
index 4253434677..dad2ede031 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ithome/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ithome/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -74,25 +74,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#list > div.fl > ul > li > div > h2 > a')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const res = await got({ method: 'get', url: item.link });
                 const content = load(res.data);
                 const post = content('#paragraph');
                 post.find('img[data-original]').each((_, ele) => {
-                    ele = $(ele);
-                    ele.attr('src', ele.attr('data-original'));
-                    ele.removeAttr('class');
-                    ele.removeAttr('data-original');
+                    const $ele = $(ele);
+                    $ele.attr('src', $ele.attr('data-original'));
+                    $ele.removeAttr('class');
+                    $ele.removeAttr('data-original');
                 });
                 item.description = post.html();
                 item.pubDate = new Date(content('#pubtime_baidu').text() + ' GMT+8').toUTCString();
diff --git a/lib/routes/ithome/ranking.ts b/lib/routes/ithome/ranking.ts
index 2ca38d824e..d1b831d81f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ithome/ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ithome/ranking.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $(`#${id} > li`)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            const info = {
+            const info: DataItem = {
                 title: $(item).find('a').text(),
                 link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
             };
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const res = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(res.data);
                 const paragraph = content('#paragraph');
                 paragraph.find('img[data-original]').each((_, ele) => {
-                    ele = $(ele);
-                    ele.attr('src', ele.attr('data-original'));
-                    ele.removeAttr('class');
-                    ele.removeAttr('data-original');
+                    const $ele = $(ele);
+                    $ele.attr('src', $ele.attr('data-original'));
+                    $ele.removeAttr('class');
+                    $ele.removeAttr('data-original');
                 });
                 item.description = paragraph.html();
                 item.pubDate = new Date(content('#pubtime_baidu').text() + ' GMT+8').toUTCString();
diff --git a/lib/routes/ithome/tag.ts b/lib/routes/ithome/tag.ts
index f71fe59792..ae435a2ea3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ithome/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ithome/tag.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,15 +39,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('ul.bl > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('h2 > a').text(),
-            link: $(item).find('h2 > a').attr('href'),
-            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('div.c').attr('data-ot')), 8),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('h2 > a').text(),
+                link: $(item).find('h2 > a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('div.c').attr('data-ot')!), 8),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async (): Promise<any> => {
                 let detailResponse;
 
                 // handle 404 errors for some article URLs
@@ -64,10 +66,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const article = content('div.post_content');
                 article.find('img[data-original]').each((_, ele) => {
-                    ele = $(ele);
-                    ele.attr('src', ele.attr('data-original'));
-                    ele.removeAttr('class');
-                    ele.removeAttr('data-original');
+                    const $ele = $(ele);
+                    $ele.attr('src', $ele.attr('data-original'));
+                    $ele.removeAttr('class');
+                    $ele.removeAttr('data-original');
                 });
                 item.description = article.html();
                 item.author = content('span.author_baidu > strong').text();
@@ -80,6 +82,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `IT之家 - ${name}标签`,
         link: url,
-        item: items.filter(Boolean),
+        item: items.filter(Boolean) as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ithome/zt.tsx b/lib/routes/ithome/zt.tsx
index b5bce53d64..16b0774704 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ithome/zt.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/ithome/zt.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,34 +24,34 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.newsbody')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('h2').text();
-            const image = item.find('img').prop('data-original') ?? item.find('img').prop('src');
+            const title = $item.find('h2').text();
+            const image = $item.find('img').prop('data-original') ?? $item.find('img').prop('src');
 
             return {
                 title,
                 pubDate: timezone(
                     parseDate(
-                        item
+                        $item
                             .find('span.time script')
                             .text()
-                            .match(/'(.*?)'/)
+                            .match(/'(.*?)'/)?.[0] ?? ''
                     ),
                     8
                 ),
-                link: item.find('a').first().prop('href'),
-                author: item.find('div.editor').contents().first().text(),
+                link: $item.find('a').first().prop('href'),
+                author: $item.find('div.editor').contents().first().text(),
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -59,13 +59,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 $$('p.ad-tips, a.topic-bar').remove();
 
                 $$('div#paragraph p img').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = $$(el);
+                    const $el = $$(el);
 
-                    const src = el.prop('data-original');
+                    const src = $el.prop('data-original');
 
                     if (src) {
-                        const alt = el.prop('alt');
-                        el.replaceWith(renderToString(<figure>{alt ? <img src={src} alt={alt} /> : <img src={src} />}</figure>));
+                        const alt = $el.prop('alt');
+                        $el.replaceWith(renderToString(<figure>{alt ? <img src={src} alt={alt} /> : <img src={src} />}</figure>));
                     }
                 });
 
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div#paragraph').text(),
                 };
-                item.image = image;
-                item.banner = image;
+                item.image = image!;
+                item.banner = image!;
                 item.language = language;
 
                 return item;
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/itsec/news.ts b/lib/routes/itsec/news.ts
index be4ec4191a..214489e777 100644
--- a/lib/routes/itsec/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/itsec/news.ts
@@ -57,15 +57,15 @@ async function handler() {
                 pubDate: date ? timezone(parseDate(date), 8) : undefined,
             };
         })
-        .filter((item): item is { title: string; link: string; pubDate?: Date } => item !== null);
+        .filter((item): item is { title: string; link: string; pubDate: Date | undefined } => item !== null);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item!.link, async () => {
+                const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item!.link);
                 const $detail = load(detailResponse);
 
-                const title = $detail('.article-tit').text() || item.title;
+                const title = $detail('.article-tit').text() || item!.title;
                 const date = $detail('.article .date').text();
                 const author = $detail('.article .from').last().text().trim();
 
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ async function handler() {
 
                 return {
                     title,
-                    link: item.link,
+                    link: item!.link,
                     description,
                     author,
-                    pubDate: date ? timezone(parseDate(date), 8) : item.pubDate,
+                    pubDate: date ? timezone(parseDate(date), 8) : item!.pubDate,
                 };
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/ixigua/user-video.tsx b/lib/routes/ixigua/user-video.tsx
index 0b0ad9cead..2e1a70275a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ixigua/user-video.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/ixigua/user-video.tsx
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ const IxiguaVideoDescription = ({ i, disableEmbed }: { i: any; disableEmbed?: st
     <>
         {disableEmbed ? null : (
             <>
-                <iframe width="720" height="405" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen src={`https://www.ixigua.com/iframe/${i.groupId}?autoplay=0`} referrerpolicy="unsafe-url" allowfullscreen></iframe>
+                <iframe width="720" height="405" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen src={`https://www.ixigua.com/iframe/${i.groupId}?autoplay=0`} referrerpolicy="unsafe-url"></iframe>
                 <br />
             </>
         )}
diff --git a/lib/routes/j-test/news.ts b/lib/routes/j-test/news.ts
index 716e6c149e..f8b7088a9a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/j-test/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/j-test/news.ts
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler() {
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                 const response = await ofetch(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
-                item.description = $('.content > table').html();
+                item.description = $('.content > table').html() ?? '';
                 return item;
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/jandan/index.ts b/lib/routes/jandan/index.ts
index c03ce7ec94..a71f0c0213 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jandan/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jandan/index.ts
@@ -36,12 +36,13 @@ async function handler(): Promise<{
     const rootUrl = 'https://i.jandan.net';
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(`${rootUrl}/feed/`);
     const items = await Promise.all(
-        feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link || '', async () => {
-                if (!item.link) {
-                    return undefined as unknown as DataItem;
-                }
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+        feed.items.map((item) => {
+            const link = item.link;
+            if (!link) {
+                return;
+            }
+            return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 $('.wechat-hide').prev().nextAll().remove();
                 $('img').replaceWith((i, e) => {
@@ -59,13 +60,13 @@ async function handler(): Promise<{
                     category: item.categories,
                 };
                 return single;
-            })
-        )
+            });
+        })
     );
 
     return {
         title: '煎蛋',
         link: rootUrl,
-        item: items,
+        item: items.filter((item): item is DataItem => item !== undefined),
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/japanpost/track.tsx b/lib/routes/japanpost/track.tsx
index 219cc69e71..a82905069e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/japanpost/track.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/japanpost/track.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
+import type { Language } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import utils from './utils';
@@ -38,8 +39,8 @@ export async function track(ctx) {
             const eTd = $(e).find('td');
             return {
                 officeType: eTd.eq(0).text().trim(),
-                officeName: eTd.eq(1).html().trim(),
-                officeTel: eTd.eq(2).html().trim(),
+                officeName: eTd.eq(1).html()!.trim(),
+                officeTel: eTd.eq(2).html()!.trim(),
             };
         });
     }
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ export async function track(ctx) {
         title: `${baseTitle} ${reqCode} ${packageType}`,
         link,
         description: `${baseTitle} ${reqCode} ${packageType}`,
-        language: locale,
+        language: locale as Language,
         icon: 'https://www.post.japanpost.jp/favicon.ico',
         logo: 'https://www.post.japanpost.jp/favicon.ico',
         item: listEven.toArray().map((item, index) => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/javbus/index.tsx b/lib/routes/javbus/index.tsx
index bef6d77913..add5223136 100644
--- a/lib/routes/javbus/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/javbus/index.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
@@ -103,19 +103,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.movie-box')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: item.attr('href'),
-                guid: item.find('date').first().text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('date').last().text()),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
+                guid: $item.find('date').first().text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('date').last().text()),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -145,7 +146,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         .toArray()
                         .map((i) => {
                             const thumbSrc = content(i).attr('href');
-                            return thumbSrc.startsWith('http') ? thumbSrc : `${rootUrl}${thumbSrc}`;
+                            return thumbSrc!.startsWith('http') ? thumbSrc : `${rootUrl}${thumbSrc}`;
                         }),
                 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/javdb/utils.ts b/lib/routes/javdb/utils.ts
index b054b862e1..eda2844d45 100644
--- a/lib/routes/javdb/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/javdb/utils.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx, currentUrl, title) => {
     let items = $('div.item')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const element = $(item);
             return {
                 title: element.find('.video-title').text(),
@@ -57,14 +58,14 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx, currentUrl, title) => {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const page = await context.newPage();
                 await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
                     const request = route.request();
                     request.resourceType() === 'document' ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                 });
                 logger.http(`Requesting ${item.link}`);
-                await page.goto(item.link, {
+                await page.goto(item.link!, {
                     waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
                 });
                 const detailResponse = await page.content();
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx, currentUrl, title) => {
                     .toArray()
                     .map((v) => content(v).text());
                 item.author = content('.panel-block .value').last().parent().find('.value a').first().text();
-                item.description = content('.cover-container, .column-video-cover').html() + content('.movie-panel-info').html() + content('#magnets-content').html() + content('.preview-images').html();
+                item.description = content('.cover-container, .column-video-cover').html()! + content('.movie-panel-info').html()! + content('#magnets-content').html() + content('.preview-images').html();
 
                 await page.close();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/javlibrary/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/javlibrary/utils.tsx
index 95b0b032f5..b06a219c6e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/javlibrary/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/javlibrary/utils.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,18 +47,18 @@ const ProcessItems = async (language, currentUrl) => {
     let items = $('.videotextlist, #video_comments')
         .find('a')
         .toArray()
-        .filter((i) => $(i).parent().hasClass('video') || $(i).parent().get(0).tagName === 'strong')
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .filter((i) => $(i).parent().hasClass('video') || $(i).parent().get(0)!.tagName === 'strong')
+        .map((item): DataItem & { url?: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const table = item.parentsUntil('table');
-            const link = `${rootUrl}/${language}/${item.attr('href').replace(/^\.\//, '')}`;
+            const table = $item.parentsUntil('table');
+            const link = `${rootUrl}/${language}/${$item.attr('href')!.replace(/^\.\//, '')}`;
 
             return {
                 link, // url to target content.
                 url: link.replace(/video.*\.php/, ''), // url to the video page.
 
-                title: item.text(),
+                title: $item.text(),
                 description: table.find('textarea').text(),
                 pubDate: parseDate(table.find('.date').text()),
             };
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ const ProcessItems = async (language, currentUrl) => {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.url, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.url!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.url,
@@ -91,14 +92,14 @@ const ProcessItems = async (language, currentUrl) => {
                     .filter((tag) => tag !== '');
                 item.description = renderDescription({
                     cover: content('#video_jacket_img').attr('src'),
-                    info: content('#video_info').html().replaceAll('span><span', 'span>,&nbsp;<span'),
+                    info: content('#video_info').html()!.replaceAll('span><span', 'span>,&nbsp;<span'),
                     comment: item.description?.replaceAll('[img]', '<img src="')?.replaceAll('[/img]', '"/>'),
                     thumbs: content('.previewthumbs img')
                         .toArray()
-                        .map((img) => content(img).attr('src').replaceAll('-', 'jp-')),
+                        .map((img) => content(img).attr('src')!.replaceAll('-', 'jp-')),
                     videos: [...new Set(detailResponse.data.match(/(http[^"[\]]+\.mp4)/g))],
                 });
-                item.pubDate = item.pubDate.toString() === 'Invalid Date' ? parseDate(content('#video_date').find('.text').text()) : item.pubDate;
+                item.pubDate = item.pubDate!.toString() === 'Invalid Date' ? parseDate(content('#video_date').find('.text').text()) : item.pubDate;
 
                 delete item.url;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/javtiful/actress.ts b/lib/routes/javtiful/actress.ts
index bff0a633b7..404d8ca798 100644
--- a/lib/routes/javtiful/actress.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/javtiful/actress.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
 import { parseItems } from './utils';
@@ -37,6 +37,6 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
         allowEmpty: true,
         item: items,
         image: $('.content-section-title img').attr('src'),
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/javtiful/channel.ts b/lib/routes/javtiful/channel.ts
index 6915a59936..bba88ee805 100644
--- a/lib/routes/javtiful/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/javtiful/channel.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
 import { parseItems } from './utils';
@@ -37,6 +37,6 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
         allowEmpty: true,
         item: items,
         image: $('.content-section-title img').attr('src'),
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/jbma/report.ts b/lib/routes/jbma/report.ts
index 1b0a3f3bfe..e162d60c07 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jbma/report.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jbma/report.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             linkUrl = new URL(`report/${item.slug}`, baseUrl).href;
         }
 
-        let processedItem = {
+        let processedItem: DataItem = {
             title,
             description,
             pubDate: pubDate ? parseDate(pubDate) : undefined,
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         if (enclosureUrl) {
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/jianshu/utils.ts b/lib/routes/jianshu/utils.ts
index b9064a888e..8380ec03b9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jianshu/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jianshu/utils.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ const loadContent = async (link) => {
     const response = await got.get(link);
     const $ = load(response.data);
     // 解析日期
-    const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('time').attr('datetime')), 8);
+    const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('time').attr('datetime')!), 8);
     // 去除样式
     $('.image-container, .image-container-fill').removeAttr('style');
     // 处理视频
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (list, caches) => {
             const $ = load(item);
             const $title = $('.title');
             // 还原相对链接为绝对链接
-            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href'), host).href;
+            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href')!, host).href;
             // 使用tryGet方法从缓存获取内容。
             // 当缓存中无法获取到链接内容的时候，则使用load方法加载文章内容
             return caches.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/jiemian/common.tsx b/lib/routes/jiemian/common.tsx
index 18b1ff7934..5f58455410 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jiemian/common.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/jiemian/common.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx): Promise<Data> => {
     );
 
     return {
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
         ...feedMeta($, currentUrl),
     };
 };
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ export const fetchArticle = (item) =>
                   }
                 : undefined,
             intro: content('div.article-header p').text(),
-            description: content('div.article-content').html(),
+            description: content('div.article-content').html() ?? undefined,
         });
         item.author = content('span.author')
             .first()
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ export const renderDescription = ({
 }: {
     image?: { src?: string; alt?: string; width?: string; height?: string };
     intro?: string;
-    video?: { src?: string; poster?: string; type?: string };
+    video?: { src?: string; poster?: string; type?: string; width?: string; height?: string };
     description?: string;
 }): string => {
     const imageAlt = image?.height ?? image?.width ?? image?.alt;
diff --git a/lib/routes/jike/user.ts b/lib/routes/jike/user.ts
index 5f3dc2c177..51ef948cc7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jike/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jike/user.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const html = response.data;
     const $ = load(html);
     const raw = $('[type = "application/json"]').html();
-    const data = JSON.parse(raw).props.pageProps;
+    const data = JSON.parse(raw ?? '').props.pageProps;
 
     const getLink = (id, type) => {
         switch (type) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/jike/utils.ts b/lib/routes/jike/utils.ts
index 140e6bcba9..e21a61bc9c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jike/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jike/utils.ts
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ const constructTopicEntry = async (ctx, url) => {
             const html = resp.data;
             const $ = load(html);
             const raw = $('[type = "application/json"]').html();
-            const data = JSON.parse(raw).props.pageProps;
+            const data = JSON.parse(raw ?? '').props.pageProps;
             data.posts = await Promise.all(
                 data.posts.map(async (item) => {
                     if (!item.video) {
@@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ const constructTopicEntry = async (ctx, url) => {
 
             return data;
         },
-        false,
-        config.cache.routeExpire
+        config.cache.routeExpire,
+        false
     );
 
     if (data.length === 0) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/jingzhengu/news.ts b/lib/routes/jingzhengu/news.ts
index d86e86d2a7..2b177a0695 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jingzhengu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jingzhengu/news.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -72,6 +72,6 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title: '精真估 > 资讯',
         link: `${baseUrl}/#/index/boot`,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as unknown as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/jinse/catalogue.ts b/lib/routes/jinse/catalogue.ts
index 95d43ba170..af55ec9440 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jinse/catalogue.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jinse/catalogue.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                 item.description += renderDescription({
-                    description: content('section.js-article-content').html() || content('div.js-article').html(),
+                    description: (content('section.js-article-content').html() || content('div.js-article').html()) ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.category = content('section.js-article-tag_state_1 a span')
                     .toArray()
@@ -111,14 +111,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const author = $('meta[name="author"]').prop('content');
     const image = $('a.js-logoBox img').prop('src');
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="favicon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="favicon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${author} - ${Object.hasOwn(categories, category) ? categories[category] : category}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/jinse/lives.ts b/lib/routes/jinse/lives.ts
index 2ffb85d5d5..932a54ecd2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jinse/lives.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jinse/lives.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -99,14 +99,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const author = $('meta[name="author"]').prop('content');
     const image = $('a.js-logoBox img').prop('src');
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="favicon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="favicon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${author} - ${Object.hasOwn(categories, category) ? categories[category] : category}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/jinse/timeline.ts b/lib/routes/jinse/timeline.ts
index 4cc80e0b74..d36be83e86 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jinse/timeline.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jinse/timeline.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                 item.description += renderDescription({
-                    description: content('section.js-article-content').html() || content('div.js-article').html(),
+                    description: (content('section.js-article-content').html() || content('div.js-article').html()) ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.category = content('section.js-article-tag_state_1 a span')
                     .toArray()
@@ -130,14 +130,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const author = $('meta[name="author"]').prop('content');
     const image = $('a.js-logoBox img').prop('src');
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="favicon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="favicon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${author} - ${category}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/jisilu/category.ts b/lib/routes/jisilu/category.ts
index 907d5f4c68..b376f6a19a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jisilu/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jisilu/category.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: feedImage,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/jisilu/explore.ts b/lib/routes/jisilu/explore.ts
index e44174bdd1..1b3c4a9212 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jisilu/explore.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jisilu/explore.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: feedImage,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/jisilu/people.ts b/lib/routes/jisilu/people.ts
index bbeb2d075e..b69d6f3291 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jisilu/people.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jisilu/people.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Cheerio, CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const detailResponse = await ofetch(apiUrl);
     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
-    const items: DataItem[] = await processItems($$, $$('*'), limit);
+    const items: DataItem[] = await processItems($$, $$('*') as Cheerio<Element>, limit);
 
     const author = $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content').split(/,/, 1)[0];
     const feedImage = $('div.aw-logo img').prop('src');
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: feedImage,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/jisilu/topic.ts b/lib/routes/jisilu/topic.ts
index cb5b48f8e2..c49143a725 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jisilu/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jisilu/topic.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: feedImage,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/jisilu/util.ts b/lib/routes/jisilu/util.ts
index 48a69e6d26..013d5d4656 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jisilu/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jisilu/util.ts
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ const processItems: ($: CheerioAPI, targetEl: Cheerio<Element>, limit: number) =
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.aw-mod-head h1').text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/jjwxc/author.tsx b/lib/routes/jjwxc/author.tsx
index 60af5504ed..1fe68dd416 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jjwxc/author.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/jjwxc/author.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const bookInfoEl = bookEl.parent();
 
     const bookName = bookEl.text();
-    const bookUrl = new URL(bookEl.prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const bookUrl = new URL(bookEl.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
     const bookStatus = bookInfoEl.find('font').first().text();
     const bookWords = bookInfoEl.find('font').eq(1).text();
     const bookUpdatedTime = bookInfoEl.parent().contents().last().text().trim();
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${logoEl.prop('alt').replace(/logo/, '')} | ${author} - 最近更新`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('span[itemprop="description"]').text(),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/jjwxc/book.ts b/lib/routes/jjwxc/book.ts
index 1e84ca0d0b..a106a1dbc3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jjwxc/book.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jjwxc/book.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -52,18 +52,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('tr[itemprop="chapter"]')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const chapterId = item.find('td').first().text().trim();
-            const chapterName = item.find('span[itemprop="headline"]').text().trim();
-            const chapterIntro = item.find('td').eq(2).text().trim();
+            const chapterId = $item.find('td').first().text().trim();
+            const chapterName = $item.find('span[itemprop="headline"]').text().trim();
+            const chapterIntro = $item.find('td').eq(2).text().trim();
             const chapterUrl = new URL(`onebook.php?novelid=${id}&chapterid=${chapterId}`, rootUrl).href;
-            const chapterWords = item.find('td[itemprop="wordCount"]').text();
-            const chapterClicks = item.find('td.chapterclick').text();
-            const chapterUpdatedTime = item.find('td').last().text().trim();
+            const chapterWords = $item.find('td[itemprop="wordCount"]').text();
+            const chapterClicks = $item.find('td.chapterclick').text();
+            const chapterUpdatedTime = $item.find('td').last().text().trim();
 
-            const isVip = item.find('span[itemprop="headline"] font').last().text() === '[VIP]';
-            const isLock = item.find('td').eq(1).last().text().trim() === '[锁]';
+            const isVip = $item.find('span[itemprop="headline"] font').last().text() === '[VIP]';
+            const isLock = $item.find('td').eq(1).last().text().trim() === '[锁]';
 
             return {
                 title: `${chapterName} ${chapterIntro}`,
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     chapterUpdatedTime,
                 }),
                 author,
-                category: [isVip ? 'VIP' : undefined, ...(category?.split(/\s/) ?? [])].filter(Boolean),
+                category: [isVip ? 'VIP' : undefined, ...(category?.split(/\s/) ?? [])].filter(Boolean) as string[],
                 guid: `jjwxc-${id}#${chapterId}`,
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(chapterUpdatedTime), 8),
                 isVip,
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                           });
                       }
 
-                      delete item.isVip;
+                      delete (item as { isVip?: unknown }).isVip;
 
                       return item;
                   })
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${logoEl.prop('alt').replace(/logo/, '')} | ${author}${keywords[0]}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('span[itemprop="description"]').text(),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/joins/chinese.tsx b/lib/routes/joins/chinese.tsx
index 3757909ee5..eb289e7932 100644
--- a/lib/routes/joins/chinese.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/joins/chinese.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,21 +24,21 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('section.article-list-content div.table-row')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('strong').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('div.list-dated').text().split(/\|/).pop()), 8),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a.links').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                author: item.find('div.list-dated').text().split(/\|/, 1)[0],
-                language,
+                title: $item.find('strong').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('div.list-dated').text().split(/\|/).pop()!), 8),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a.links').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                author: $item.find('div.list-dated').text().split(/\|/, 1)[0],
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -79,14 +79,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 };
                 item.image = image;
                 item.banner = image;
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('div.user-logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.user-logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: `${$(`a[data-code="${category}"]`)?.text() || $('ul#user-menu a').first().text()} - ${$('title').text()}`,
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/joneslanglasalle/index.ts b/lib/routes/joneslanglasalle/index.ts
index f455e65abb..57a9660817 100644
--- a/lib/routes/joneslanglasalle/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/joneslanglasalle/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         link: locale.insightsUrl,
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
-        language: locale.apiLang,
+        language: locale.apiLang as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/jpmorganchase/research.ts b/lib/routes/jpmorganchase/research.ts
index 8fd3d9bfff..22a09194c8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jpmorganchase/research.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jpmorganchase/research.ts
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ function fetchDataItem(entry: IndexEntry): Promise<DataItem> {
                 .toArray()
                 .map((el) => $(el).text().trim());
             articleDate = $('.date').text().trim() || entry.date;
-            description = $('.root').children('div').children('div:eq(1)').html();
+            description = $('.root').children('div').children('div:eq(1)').html() ?? '';
         }
 
         return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/jpxgmn/search.ts b/lib/routes/jpxgmn/search.ts
index c558535bd4..80b65e30db 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jpxgmn/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jpxgmn/search.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -28,11 +28,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response._data);
     const items = $('div.list div.list div.node p')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('b').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-            pubDate: parseDate($(item).next().next().next().find('span').first().text()),
-        }))
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('b').text(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($(item).next().next().next().find('span').first().text()),
+            })
+        )
         .filter((item) => item.title.length !== 0);
 
     return {
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: response.url,
         item: await Promise.all(
             items.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     item.description = await getArticleDesc(item.link);
                     return item;
                 })
diff --git a/lib/routes/jpxgmn/tab.ts b/lib/routes/jpxgmn/tab.ts
index 20011933af..856f14dbe7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jpxgmn/tab.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jpxgmn/tab.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,17 +42,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     }
     const items = $('div.related_posts ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a span').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-            pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('footer span').first().text()),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('a span').text(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('footer span').first().text()),
+            })
+        );
     return {
         title: `极品性感美女 - ${feedTitle}`,
         link: response.url,
         item: await Promise.all(
             items.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     item.description = await getArticleDesc(item.link);
                     return item;
                 })
diff --git a/lib/routes/jpxgmn/weekly.ts b/lib/routes/jpxgmn/weekly.ts
index e560aebd00..d2916c9b6c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jpxgmn/weekly.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jpxgmn/weekly.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ async function handler() {
         .map((item) => {
             const fullTitle = $(item).find('a').attr('title') || '';
             const result = fullTitle.match(/([^.]+)\.\D+([\d-]+)/);
-            const ret = {
+            const ret: DataItem = {
                 title: fullTitle,
-                link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
             };
             if (result !== null) {
                 ret.title = result[1];
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler() {
         link: response.url,
         item: await Promise.all(
             items.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     item.description = await getArticleDesc(item.link);
                     return item;
                 })
diff --git a/lib/routes/jseea/news.ts b/lib/routes/jseea/news.ts
index 57b20e07b5..d2b851d320 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jseea/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jseea/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,23 +54,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // 获取当前页面的 list
     const list = $('div.content-list-div ul li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item
+                title: $item
                     .contents()
                     .filter((_, e) => e.nodeType === 3)
                     .text()
                     .trim(),
-                link: `https:${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                link: `https:${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const result = await Promise.all(
         // 遍历每一篇文章
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 item.description = await loadContent(item.link);
                 // 合并解析后的结果集作为该篇文章最终的输出结果
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/jsu/cxzx.ts b/lib/routes/jsu/cxzx.ts
index 78ac3ea13b..799d6a2ed8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jsu/cxzx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jsu/cxzx.ts
@@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = new URL(item.find('td:nth-child(2) > a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href;
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = new URL($item.find('td:nth-child(2) > a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href;
             return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
-                const title = item.find('td:nth-child(2) > a').text() || '无标题';
+                const title = $item.find('td:nth-child(2) > a').text() || '无标题';
 
                 const category = urls[types].title;
                 const description = await getPageItemAndDate(
diff --git a/lib/routes/jsu/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/jsu/jwc.ts
index f41d3eea26..0ad2463646 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jsu/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jsu/jwc.ts
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('a.c135042').toArray();
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = new URL(item.attr('href'), baseUrl).href;
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = new URL($item.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href;
             return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const description = await getPageItemAndDate(
                     '#vsb_content',
diff --git a/lib/routes/jsu/math.ts b/lib/routes/jsu/math.ts
index 2c9d719abe..772def9b93 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jsu/math.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jsu/math.ts
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('div.art_list').toArray();
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href;
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href;
             return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const description = await getPageItemAndDate('#right_con > form > div.articleInfo', link, '#right_con > form > div.articleTitle', '#right_con > form > div.articleAuthor > span:nth-child(1)');
                 const pubDate = parseDate(description.date, 'YYYY年MM月DD日 HH:mm');
diff --git a/lib/routes/jsu/rjxy.ts b/lib/routes/jsu/rjxy.ts
index c9fd7048c9..997019985f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jsu/rjxy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jsu/rjxy.ts
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('body > div.list-box > div > ul > li').toArray();
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href;
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href;
             return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const category = '通知公告';
                 const description = await getPageItemAndDate('#vsb_content', link, 'body > form > div > h1', 'body > form > div > div.label', (date) => date.split('  点击：', 1)[0]);
diff --git a/lib/routes/jsu/universityindex.ts b/lib/routes/jsu/universityindex.ts
index 86e6f10a12..1f8e45ea91 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jsu/universityindex.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jsu/universityindex.ts
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('body > div.container.container-fluid.dynava.no-padding.cleafix > div.con_wz_fr.fr.cleafix > div:nth-child(2) > ul > li').toArray();
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href;
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href;
             return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const description = await getPageItemAndDate(
                     '#vsb_content',
diff --git a/lib/routes/juejin/trending.ts b/lib/routes/juejin/trending.ts
index 4fc2308c62..e369c52d4a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/juejin/trending.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/juejin/trending.ts
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const link = `https://juejin.im/${url}?sort=${p.link}`;
 
     let getUrl = 'https://api.juejin.cn/recommend_api/v1/article/recommend_all_feed';
-    const getJson = {
+    const getJson: { cursor: string; id_type: number; limit: number; sort_type: number; cate_id?: string } = {
         cursor: '0',
         id_type: 2,
         limit: 20,
diff --git a/lib/routes/juejin/utils.ts b/lib/routes/juejin/utils.ts
index 0a28aeaca8..55e00685bb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/juejin/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/juejin/utils.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ export const getArticle = async (link) => {
         const cs = $('script:contains("_wafchallengeid")')
             .text()
             .match(/cs="(.*?)",c/)?.[1];
-        const cookie = solveWafChallenge(cs);
+        const cookie = solveWafChallenge(cs!);
 
         response = await ofetch(link, {
             headers: {
diff --git a/lib/routes/jumeili/home.ts b/lib/routes/jumeili/home.ts
index 45d3b10054..21ac2b8331 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jumeili/home.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jumeili/home.ts
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         headers: {
             'user-agent': config.trueUA,
             accept: 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
-            cookie,
+            cookie: cookie!,
         },
     });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/jump/discount.tsx b/lib/routes/jump/discount.tsx
index bd60faf93d..3619aba9f4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jump/discount.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/jump/discount.tsx
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ const getSinglePageDiscountItem = async (countries, offset, platform, termsId) =
 
 // 防止触发反爬
 const getAllPageDiscountItem = async (countries, platform, termsId, totalNum) => {
-    let allDiscountItem = [];
+    let allDiscountItem: any[] = [];
     for (let idx = 0; idx <= Math.round(totalNum / 10); idx++) {
         // eslint-disable-next-line no-await-in-loop
         const itemList = await getSinglePageDiscountItem(countries, idx * 10, platform, termsId);
diff --git a/lib/routes/junhe/legal-updates.ts b/lib/routes/junhe/legal-updates.ts
index 07b90e85ef..99eb3d942c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/junhe/legal-updates.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/junhe/legal-updates.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -20,19 +20,19 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('a.content-wrap')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('h1.news.detail').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('p.date').text(), 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('h1.news.detail').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('p.date').text(), 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.d-content').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('a.site-logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('a.site-logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: '君合律师事务所',
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/kadokawa/blog.ts b/lib/routes/kadokawa/blog.ts
index bf8117ea2b..8c18e14495 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kadokawa/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kadokawa/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const image = item.find('div.List-item-excerpt img').prop('data-src')?.split(/\?/, 1)[0] ?? undefined;
-            const title = item.find('h2.List-item-title').text();
+            const image = $item.find('div.List-item-excerpt img').prop('data-src')?.split(/\?/, 1)[0] ?? undefined;
+            const title = $item.find('h2.List-item-title').text();
             const description = renderDescription({
                 images: image
                     ? [
@@ -36,21 +36,21 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                           },
                       ]
                     : undefined,
-                intro: item.find('div.List-item-preview').text(),
+                intro: $item.find('div.List-item-preview').text(),
             });
 
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.primary-border-color-after').text()),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.primary-border-color-after').text()),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 content: {
                     html: description,
-                    text: item.find('div.List-item-preview').text(),
+                    text: $item.find('div.List-item-preview').text(),
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
                 const title = $$('h1.Post-title').text().trim();
                 const description = renderDescription({
-                    description: $$('div.Post-content').html(),
+                    description: $$('div.Post-content').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 const image = $$('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content')?.split(/\?/, 1)[0] ?? undefined;
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 };
                 item.image = image;
                 item.banner = image;
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/kakuyomu/works.ts b/lib/routes/kakuyomu/works.ts
index 5618e40631..77a22d93d3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kakuyomu/works.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kakuyomu/works.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
 
     const { title, catchphrase } = __APOLLO_STATE__[`Work:${id}`];
 
-    const values = Object.values(__APOLLO_STATE__);
+    const values = Object.values<{ __typename: string }>(__APOLLO_STATE__);
     const episodes = values.filter((value) => value.__typename === 'Episode') as NextDataEpisode[];
     const items = (await Promise.all(
         episodes
diff --git a/lib/routes/kamen-rider-official/news.ts b/lib/routes/kamen-rider-official/news.ts
index 475c2dd8fc..a085505297 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kamen-rider-official/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kamen-rider-official/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -143,14 +143,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(currentResponse);
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${$('title').text().split(/ー/, 1)[0]}${category ? ` - ${category}` : ''}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/kantarworldpanel/index.tsx b/lib/routes/kantarworldpanel/index.tsx
index 4634109d41..20f928fdc7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kantarworldpanel/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/kantarworldpanel/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -102,18 +102,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
-            const image = item.find('img');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
+            const image = $item.find('img');
 
-            const title = item.find('h3.mediumFont').text().trim();
+            const title = $item.find('h3.mediumFont').text().trim();
 
             let link = a.prop('href');
             link = link === '#' ? currentUrl : link;
 
-            const description = item.find('p.gowhite').text();
+            const description = $item.find('p.gowhite').text();
             const imageSrc = image.prop('src');
             return {
                 title,
@@ -128,20 +128,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         ) : null}
                     </>
                 ),
-                guid: link.startsWith(rootUrl) ? `${link}#${title}` : link,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('p.medGrey').text(), 'DD/MM/YYYY'),
+                guid: link!.startsWith(rootUrl) ? `${link}#${title}` : link,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('p.medGrey').text(), 'DD/MM/YYYY'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 // The URL similar to the example below is the file download URL.
                 // eg. https://www.kantarworldpanel.com/dwl.php?sn=publications&id=1632.
-                if (item.link === currentUrl || !item.link.startsWith(rootUrl)) {
+                if (item.link === currentUrl || !item.link!.startsWith(rootUrl)) {
                     return item;
                 }
-                if (/dwl\.php/.test(item.link)) {
+                if (/dwl\.php/.test(item.link!)) {
                     item.enclosure_url = item.link;
                     item.enclosure_type = 'application/pdf';
 
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.title = content('h1.newshead').text();
-                item.description = content('div.center-content div.left-layout-col').html();
+                item.description = content('div.center-content div.left-layout-col').html() ?? '';
                 item.category = content('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content')?.split(/,\s?/) ?? [];
                 item.pubDate = parseDate(content('p.newsdateshare').text(), 'DD/MM/YYYY');
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('#logoprint img').prop('src'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/kanxue/topic.ts b/lib/routes/kanxue/topic.ts
index e8a9f6358e..b374aeeaf8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kanxue/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kanxue/topic.ts
@@ -119,11 +119,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                               .eq(0)
                               .find('.message img')
                               .each((_, item) => {
-                                  item = $(item);
+                                  const $item = $(item);
 
-                                  const src = item.attr('src');
+                                  const src = $item.attr('src');
                                   if (src !== undefined && !src.startsWith('https://') && !src.startsWith('http://')) {
-                                      item.attr('src', `https://bbs.kanxue.com/${src}`);
+                                      $item.attr('src', `https://bbs.kanxue.com/${src}`);
                                   }
                               });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/kbs/news.ts b/lib/routes/kbs/news.ts
index 65494b6383..8044736917 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kbs/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kbs/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -52,21 +52,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.comp_contents_1x article')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h2 a');
+            const a = $item.find('h2 a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                category: item.find('.cate').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/service${a.attr('href').replace('./', '/')}`,
+                category: $item.find('.cate').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/service${a.attr('href')!.replace('./', '/')}`,
                 pubDate: timezone(
                     parseDate(
-                        item
+                        $item
                             .find('.date')
                             .text()
-                            .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})/)[1]
+                            .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})/)![1]
                     ),
                     9
                 ),
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/kbs/today.ts b/lib/routes/kbs/today.ts
index 97244f93f4..868b2fd4ab 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kbs/today.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kbs/today.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,22 +49,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.comp_text_1x article')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h2 a');
+            const a = $item.find('h2 a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                category: item.find('.cate').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/service${a.attr('href').replace('./', '/')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.date').text()), 9),
+                category: $item.find('.cate').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/service${a.attr('href')!.replace('./', '/')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.date').text()), 9),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/kcna/news.tsx b/lib/routes/kcna/news.tsx
index f4146a8a68..79b25a8e34 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kcna/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/kcna/news.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
     const list = $('.article h5')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const a = $item.find('a');
             const dateString = $item
@@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
     const items = await pMap(
         list,
         (item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 const container = $('article .container');
diff --git a/lib/routes/keep/user.tsx b/lib/routes/keep/user.tsx
index 4341b10928..2cfbea79b5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/keep/user.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/keep/user.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `${items[0].author} 的 Keep 动态`,
         link: `https://show.gotokeep.com/users/${id}`,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/keepass/news.ts b/lib/routes/keepass/news.ts
index ef6ca4b443..afddf8c9b0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/keepass/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/keepass/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -21,20 +21,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('p > a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((elem) => {
-            elem = $(elem);
+        .map((elem): DataItem => {
+            const $elem = $(elem);
             return {
-                title: elem.find('b').text(),
-                link: new URL(elem.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(elem.next().next('small').text().split('.', 1)[0]),
+                title: $elem.find('b').text(),
+                link: new URL($elem.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($elem.next().next('small').text().split('.', 1)[0]),
             };
         })
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (!item.link.startsWith('https://keepass.info/')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (!item.link!.startsWith('https://keepass.info/')) {
                     return item;
                 }
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: $('head title').attr('content'),
+        title: $('head title').text(),
         link: baseUrl,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/kemono/index.tsx b/lib/routes/kemono/index.tsx
index aa019cb773..4605fc3bbe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kemono/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/kemono/index.tsx
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ const renderPostFiles = (post: KemonoPost & { files?: KemonoFile[] }) =>
         <>
             {post.files?.map((file) => {
                 const extension = file.extension;
-                const typeSuffix = file.extention ?? '';
+                const typeSuffix = file.extension ?? '';
 
                 if (['jpg', 'png', 'webp', 'jpeg', 'jfif'].includes(extension)) {
                     return <img src={file.path} />;
diff --git a/lib/routes/kemono/types.ts b/lib/routes/kemono/types.ts
index 7f2b8c3d00..057e3c9efb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kemono/types.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kemono/types.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ interface KemonoPost {
     user: string;
     file?: any;
     attachments?: any[];
+    embed?: any;
 }
 
 interface KemonoFile {
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ interface DiscordMessage {
     id: string;
     content: string;
     published: string;
+    embeds?: any[];
     author: {
         username: string;
         discriminator: string;
diff --git a/lib/routes/kepu/live.tsx b/lib/routes/kepu/live.tsx
index db1d9507c3..cf1fb2df98 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kepu/live.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/kepu/live.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${author} - ${subtitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: '科学直播(live.kepu.net.cn)',
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle,
diff --git a/lib/routes/keylol/index.ts b/lib/routes/keylol/index.ts
index c3e74a6b51..9bc449a5d6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/keylol/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/keylol/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import queryString from 'query-string';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    let queryParams = {};
+    let queryParams: Record<string, any> = {};
     const path = ctx.req.param('path');
     if (/^f\d+-\d+/.test(path)) {
         queryParams.fid = path.match(/^f(\d+)-\d+/)[1];
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     try {
         const feed = await parser.parseURL(`https://keylol.com/forum.php?mod=rss&fid=${queryParams.fid}&auth=0`);
         authorNameMap = feed.items.map((item) => ({
-            threadId: item.link.match(threadIdRegex)[1],
+            threadId: item.link!.match(threadIdRegex)![1],
             author: item.author,
         }));
     } catch {
@@ -88,21 +88,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('tbody[id^="normalthread_"]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('a.xst').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find(' a.xst').prop('href').split('&extra=', 1)[0], rootUrl).href,
-                author: item.find('td.by-author cite').text(),
-                pubDate: parseRelativeDate(item.find('td.by-author em').text().replaceAll(' 发表', '')),
+                title: $item.find('a.xst').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find(' a.xst').prop('href')!.split('&extra=', 1)[0], rootUrl).href,
+                author: $item.find('td.by-author cite').text(),
+                pubDate: parseRelativeDate($item.find('td.by-author em').text().replaceAll(' 发表', '')),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const threadId = threadIdRegex.test(item.link) ? item.link.match(threadIdRegex)[1] : queryString.parseUrl(item.link).query.tid;
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const threadId = threadIdRegex.test(item.link!) ? item.link!.match(threadIdRegex)![1] : queryString.parseUrl(item.link!).query.tid;
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     // post with page
                     const postId = content('div.t_fsz > script')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/show_threadindex\((\d+),/)[1];
+                        .match(/show_threadindex\((\d+),/)![1];
                     descriptionList = await Promise.all(
                         indexDiv.find('a').map((i, a) => {
                             const pageTitle = $(a).text();
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="application-name"]').prop('content'),
@@ -190,11 +190,11 @@ function getDescription($) {
 
     // handle lazyload image
     descriptionEl.find('img').each((_, img) => {
-        img = $(img);
-        if (img.attr('src')?.endsWith('none.gif') && img.attr('file')) {
-            img.attr('src', img.attr('file'));
-            img.removeAttr('file');
-            img.removeAttr('zoomfile');
+        const $img = $(img);
+        if ($img.attr('src')?.endsWith('none.gif') && $img.attr('file')) {
+            $img.attr('src', $img.attr('file'));
+            $img.removeAttr('file');
+            $img.removeAttr('zoomfile');
         }
     });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/kimlaw/thesis.ts b/lib/routes/kimlaw/thesis.ts
index 428cc460de..88bb7e9607 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kimlaw/thesis.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kimlaw/thesis.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,20 +39,20 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('.li_body')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a.list_text_title');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a.list_text_title');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                author: item.find('.name').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.time').attr('title')), 9),
+                author: $item.find('.name').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.time').attr('title')!), 9),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/kiro/blog.ts b/lib/routes/kiro/blog.ts
index 85f0eb5892..485d3e2c7c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kiro/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kiro/blog.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('main a.group')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('h4').text();
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? parseDate(pubDateStr) : undefined,
                 link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, baseUrl).href : undefined,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('header h1').text();
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/kiro/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/kiro/changelog.ts
index 2e07badb42..f659602db5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kiro/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kiro/changelog.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('a.block')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title = `${$el.parent().find('span').text()} ${$el.find('h3').text()}`;
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     text: description,
                 },
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title = `${$$('article span').first().text()} ${$$('article h3').text()}`;
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/kisskiss/blog.ts b/lib/routes/kisskiss/blog.ts
index 5afe0fe9bb..6117406376 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kisskiss/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kisskiss/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((item) => {
             const title = $(item);
             const body = title.next('div.blog_frame_middle');
-            const i = {
+            const i: DataItem = {
                 title: title.find('tbody tr td').text(),
                 link: title.find('tbody tr td a').attr('href'),
                 pubDate: timezone(
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         body
                             .find('div.blog_data div.data_r')
                             .text()
-                            .match(/\d+年\d+月\d+日 \(\d+:\d+\)/)[0],
+                            .match(/\d+年\d+月\d+日 \(\d+:\d+\)/)![0],
                         'YYYY年M月D日 (HH:mm)'
                     ),
                     9
@@ -71,6 +71,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: 'KISS ブログ',
         link: url,
         item: items,
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/koreaherald/index.ts b/lib/routes/koreaherald/index.ts
index f536723458..96b6d74078 100644
--- a/lib/routes/koreaherald/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/koreaherald/index.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const title = $('ul.gnb').find('[class="on"]').length > 0 ? $('ul.gnb').find('[class="on"]').text() : $('div.nav_area > a.category').text();
     const list = $('article.recent_news > ul.news_list > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href);
+        .map((item) => new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((url) =>
             cache.tryGet(url, async () => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/kovidgoyal/kitty/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/kovidgoyal/kitty/changelog.ts
index 76cc2a37c5..808a1984ed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kovidgoyal/kitty/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kovidgoyal/kitty/changelog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -72,13 +72,13 @@ async function handler() {
                 guid: `kitty-${version}`,
             };
         })
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[];
 
     return {
         title: 'Kitty Changelog',
         link: url,
         description: 'Changelog for Kitty terminal emulator',
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/koyso/index.tsx b/lib/routes/koyso/index.tsx
index b713cb3cf7..13f157b314 100644
--- a/lib/routes/koyso/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/koyso/index.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('a.game_item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('div.game_info').text();
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 $$('div.ind').remove();
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         html: description,
                         text: description,
                     },
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         link: targetUrl,
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/kpmg/insights.tsx b/lib/routes/kpmg/insights.tsx
index 6c91088be3..7ec9a5380e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kpmg/insights.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/kpmg/insights.tsx
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ const handler = async (ctx: Context) => {
                     image: item.image,
                     alt: item.imageAlt,
                     content,
-                    pdf: pdfDetails.prop('outerHTML'),
+                    pdf: pdfDetails.prop('outerHTML') ?? undefined,
                 });
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/kpopping/kpics.ts b/lib/routes/kpopping/kpics.ts
index cc3ec9af44..dad2682b1b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kpopping/kpics.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kpopping/kpics.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.pics div.matrix div.cell')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('figcaption section').text();
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -68,12 +68,12 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('h1').contents().first().text();
                     const description: string = renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('div.pics').first().html(),
+                        description: $$('div.pics').first().html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                     const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content');
                     const categoryEls: Element[] = $$('div.buttons a').toArray();
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const mediaEls: Element[] = $$('div.pics').first().find('img').toArray();
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/kpopping/news.ts b/lib/routes/kpopping/news.ts
index 3ab9f80a9e..fb0482aedb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kpopping/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kpopping/news.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('section.news-list-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('h4.title-wr a').last();
 
             const title: string = $aEl.text();
             const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $el.find('time.datetime-wr').attr('datetime');
             const linkUrl: string | undefined = $aEl.attr('href');
-            const categoryEls: Element[] = [$el.find('h4.title-wr a').first()];
+            const categoryEls: Array<Cheerio<Element>> = [$el.find('h4.title-wr a').first()];
             const categories: string[] = [...new Set(categoryEls.map((el) => $(el).text()).filter(Boolean))];
             const authorEls: Element[] = $el.find('aside.author-wr').toArray();
             const authors: DataItem['author'] = authorEls.map((authorEl) => {
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 author: authors,
                 doi: $el.find('meta[name="citation_doi"]').attr('content'),
                 updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr, 'MMM D, YYYY h:mma'), 8) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('h1').contents().first().text();
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                                   },
                               ]
                             : undefined,
-                        description: $$('div#article-content').html(),
+                        description: $$('div#article-content').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                     const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content');
                     const categoryEls: Element[] = $$('aside.info a, div.supplements a.item').toArray();
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/kuaidi100/index.ts b/lib/routes/kuaidi100/index.ts
index fc7a7ca745..c88bb4ba81 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kuaidi100/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kuaidi100/index.ts
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const time = new Date().toString();
 
     if (status) {
-        const query = await utils.getQuery(number, id, phone);
+        const query: any = await utils.getQuery(number, id, phone);
         data =
             query.status === '200'
                 ? query.data
diff --git a/lib/routes/kuaidi100/utils.ts b/lib/routes/kuaidi100/utils.ts
index 43e29f607c..da7d4b5429 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kuaidi100/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kuaidi100/utils.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ async function getCookie() {
         const set_cookie = indexResponse.headers['set-cookie'];
         if (set_cookie) {
             for (const e of set_cookie) {
-                // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/prefer-switch
                 switch (0) {
                     case e.indexOf('WWWID'):
                         wwwid = e.split(';', 1)[0];
@@ -60,12 +59,12 @@ async function getCookie() {
             }
         }
 
-        cache.set(wwwid_key, wwwid, 600);
-        cache.set(csrf_key, csrf, 600);
-        cache.set(globacsrftoken_key, globacsrftoken, 600);
-        cache.set(dasddocTitl_key, dasddocTitl, 600);
-        cache.set(dasddocReferrer_key, dasddocReferrer, 600);
-        cache.set(dasddocHref_key, dasddocHref, 600);
+        cache.set(wwwid_key, wwwid ?? '', 600);
+        cache.set(csrf_key, csrf ?? '', 600);
+        cache.set(globacsrftoken_key, globacsrftoken ?? '', 600);
+        cache.set(dasddocTitl_key, dasddocTitl ?? '', 600);
+        cache.set(dasddocReferrer_key, dasddocReferrer ?? '', 600);
+        cache.set(dasddocHref_key, dasddocHref ?? '', 600);
         // We have acquired new cookie. It may due to cache timeout.
         // Force update counter and don't wait it finished.
         shouldUpdateCookie(true);
@@ -131,25 +130,25 @@ function getCompanyList() {
 
 function shouldUpdateCookie(forcedUpdate = false) {
     if (forcedUpdate) {
-        cache.set(query_count, 0);
+        cache.set(query_count, 0 as unknown as string);
     } else {
-        const count = cache.get(query_count);
+        const count = cache.get(query_count) as unknown as number | null;
         if (count) {
             if (count > max_query_count) {
-                cache.set(query_count, 0);
+                cache.set(query_count, 0 as unknown as string);
                 clearCookie();
             } else {
-                cache.set(query_count, count + 1);
+                cache.set(query_count, (count + 1) as unknown as string);
             }
         } else {
-            cache.set(query_count, 1);
+            cache.set(query_count, 1 as unknown as string);
         }
     }
 }
 
 function clearCookie() {
-    cache.set(wwwid_key, null);
-    cache.set(csrf_key, null);
+    cache.set(wwwid_key, null as unknown as string);
+    cache.set(csrf_key, null as unknown as string);
 }
 
 export default {
@@ -219,9 +218,9 @@ export default {
 
     getQuery: async (number, id, phone) => {
         const query_key = `kuaidi100-query-${number}-${id}`;
-        let query = await cache.get(query_key);
+        let query: any = await cache.get(query_key);
         // 组装日期与单号 日期为提前两个月
-        const timestamp = Number.parseInt(Date.now() / 1000);
+        const timestamp = Number.parseInt(String(Date.now() / 1000));
         const lastTowMonth = Date.now() - 60 * 60 * 24 * 60 * 1000;
         const dateString = new Date(lastTowMonth).toLocaleDateString('ZH').split('/').join('');
         const queryMeta = encodeURIComponent(
@@ -257,12 +256,12 @@ export default {
                 if (query.ischeck === '0') {
                     // Not yet complete, don't cache for now.
                     // To avoid frquent link test when add source, add 180s cache
-                    cache.set(query_key, query, 180);
+                    cache.set(query_key, query ?? '', 180);
                 } else {
-                    cache.set(query_key, query); // Finished, cache id
+                    cache.set(query_key, query ?? ''); // Finished, cache id
                 }
             } else {
-                cache.set(query_key, query); // Error, cache as well
+                cache.set(query_key, query ?? ''); // Error, cache as well
                 throw new Error(`[${query.status}]信息有误，请重新检查后订阅：${query.message}`);
             }
         }
diff --git a/lib/routes/kuaishou/profile.ts b/lib/routes/kuaishou/profile.ts
index 4f1d0b0153..3653408591 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kuaishou/profile.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kuaishou/profile.ts
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let retryCount = 0;
     let userInfo;
-    const { promise, resolve } = Promise.withResolvers();
+    const { promise, resolve } = Promise.withResolvers<any>();
     await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
         const resourceType = route.request().resourceType();
         if (['image', 'media', 'font', 'stylesheet', 'ping'].includes(resourceType)) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/kunchengblog/essay.ts b/lib/routes/kunchengblog/essay.ts
index dea0608a2f..fc19b6f9d5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kunchengblog/essay.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kunchengblog/essay.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { SourceMapConsumer } from 'source-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .toReversed()
             .slice(0, limit)
             .map((item) => {
-                const source = consumer.sourceContentFor(item).replaceAll(/\s\n/g, '');
+                const source = consumer.sourceContentFor(item)!.replaceAll(/\s\n/g, '');
 
                 const processedSource = source.replaceAll(/(\w+)=\{+([^{}]+)\}+/g, (match, key, value) => {
                     const processedValue = value.slice(1, -1).replaceAll('"', "'").trim();
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 return {
                     title: content('title').text(),
                     pubDate: parseDate(content('p[className="App-essay-article"]').last().find('b').first().text(), 'MMM YYYY'),
-                    link: new URL(`essay/${item.match(/\/(\w+)\.js/)[1].toLowerCase()}`, currentUrl).href,
+                    link: new URL(`essay/${item.match(/\/(\w+)\.js/)![1].toLowerCase()}`, currentUrl).href,
                     description: content('p[className="App-essay-article"]')
                         .toArray()
                         .map((p) => content(p).html())
@@ -74,14 +74,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     const description = $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content');
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${title} - Essay`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description,
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: icon,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/kuwaitlocal/index.ts b/lib/routes/kuwaitlocal/index.ts
index a48480eb04..6b7b6ec393 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kuwaitlocal/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kuwaitlocal/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,17 +39,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('a.ggrid')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.txt').text().trim(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('.txt').text().trim(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     .map((item) => $(item).text().trim());
                 $('[id^=div-gpt-ad]').remove();
                 $('.tags_sec2, .tags_sec, .comment').remove();
-                item.description = $('.single_news_img').html() + $('#news_description').html();
+                item.description = $('.single_news_img').html()! + $('#news_description').html()!;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     return {
         title: $('head title').text().trim(),
-        description: $('head meta[name="description"]').attr('content').trim(),
+        description: $('head meta[name="description"]').attr('content')!.trim(),
         link: url,
         item: items,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/kyodonews/index.tsx b/lib/routes/kyodonews/index.tsx
index 67f217266b..2f2415e756 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kyodonews/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/kyodonews/index.tsx
@@ -57,7 +57,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     try {
         response = await got(currentUrl);
     } catch (error) {
-        throw error.response && error.response.statusCode === 404 ? new InvalidParameterError('Invalid keyword') : error;
+        const err = error as { response?: { statusCode: number } };
+        throw err.response && err.response.statusCode === 404 ? new InvalidParameterError('Invalid keyword') : error;
     }
 
     const $ = load(response.data, { xmlMode: keyword === 'rss' });
@@ -86,8 +87,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         items = $('.m-article-wrap:first-of-type .m-article-item__link')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const link = item.attr('href');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const link = $item.attr('href');
                 return {
                     link: resolveRelativeLink(link, rootUrl),
                 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/laimanhua/index.ts b/lib/routes/laimanhua/index.ts
index f6d12a7896..8dfde30afa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/laimanhua/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/laimanhua/index.ts
@@ -48,11 +48,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.plist a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item, index) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: index === 0 ? parseDate($('head meta[property="og:novel:update_time"]').attr('content')) : null,
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: index === 0 ? parseDate($('head meta[property="og:novel:update_time"]').attr('content')!) : null,
                 author: $('head meta[property="og:novel:author"]').attr('content'),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/lang/room.tsx b/lib/routes/lang/room.tsx
index f67abb5a49..ca11a559a7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lang/room.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/lang/room.tsx
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         },
     });
 
-    let item = [];
+    let item: any[] = [];
     const name = data.live_info.nickname;
     if (data.live_info.live_status === 1) {
         item = [
diff --git a/lib/routes/laohu8/personal.ts b/lib/routes/laohu8/personal.ts
index b57138550b..a2a339bbfc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/laohu8/personal.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/laohu8/personal.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
-import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -41,16 +40,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const author = $('h2.personal-name').text();
     const data = JSON.parse($('#__APP_DATA__').text()).tweetList;
 
-    const items = await Promise.all(
-        data.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, () => ({
-                title: item.title,
-                description: String(item.htmlText).replaceAll('\n', '<br><br>'),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/post/${item.id}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.gmtCreate),
-            }))
-        )
-    );
+    const items = data.map((item) => ({
+        title: item.title,
+        description: String(item.htmlText).replaceAll('\n', '<br><br>'),
+        link: `${rootUrl}/post/${item.id}`,
+        pubDate: parseDate(item.gmtCreate),
+    }));
 
     return {
         title: `老虎社区 - ${author} 个人社区`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/last-origin/news.ts b/lib/routes/last-origin/news.ts
index 8312f970d6..38436fc069 100644
--- a/lib/routes/last-origin/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/last-origin/news.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler() {
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                 const response = await ofetch(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
-                item.description = $('.news_contents_editor').html();
+                item.description = $('.news_contents_editor').html() ?? '';
                 return item;
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/latepost/index.ts b/lib/routes/latepost/index.ts
index eaddf4e0a6..5fc70e9b58 100644
--- a/lib/routes/latepost/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/latepost/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                 item.title ??= content('div.article-header-title').text();
-                item.description = content('#select-main').html().replaceAll('<p><br></p>', '');
+                item.description = content('#select-main').html()!.replaceAll('<p><br></p>', '');
                 item.author = content('div.article-header-author div.author-link a.label').first().text();
                 item.category = item.category.filter(Boolean);
                 item.guid = `latepost-${item.guid}`;
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${title} - ${proma ? columns[proma].title : defaultTitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('div.logo-txt').first().text(),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
-        image: new URL($('div.logo-txt img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
+        image: new URL($('div.logo-txt img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         author: title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/layoffs/index.ts b/lib/routes/layoffs/index.ts
index 36c3c296f1..9c9102f870 100644
--- a/lib/routes/layoffs/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/layoffs/index.ts
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ async function handler() {
             AIRTABLE_HOST +
             $('script')
                 .text()
-                .match(/urlWithParams: "(.*?)"/)[1]
+                .match(/urlWithParams: "(.*?)"/)![1]
                 .replaceAll(String.raw`\u002F`, '/');
 
         // Cache it again
diff --git a/lib/routes/learnblockchain/posts.ts b/lib/routes/learnblockchain/posts.ts
index 0481f97c43..536519f825 100644
--- a/lib/routes/learnblockchain/posts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/learnblockchain/posts.ts
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 title: item.find('h2.title').text().trim(),
                 description: item.find('div.excerpt').text().trim(),
                 pubDate: parseRelativeDate(item.find('.author li:nth-child(2)').text().replace('发布于', '').trim()),
-                link: item.find('h2.title a').attr('href').trim(),
+                link: item.find('h2.title a').attr('href')!.trim(),
                 author: item.find('.author li:nth-child(1)').text().trim(),
             };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/learnku/topic.tsx b/lib/routes/learnku/topic.tsx
index a52cdf7016..9e99e4cd96 100644
--- a/lib/routes/learnku/topic.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/learnku/topic.tsx
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const itemLink = $('.topic-title-wrap').attr('href');
 
             const title = $('.topic-title').text().trim();
-            const content = await cache.tryGet(itemLink, async () => {
+            const content = await cache.tryGet(itemLink!, async () => {
                 const result = await got.get(itemLink);
 
                 return load(result.data);
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 ),
                 category: categoryName,
                 link: itemLink,
-                pubDate: parseDate($('.timeago').attr('title'), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($('.timeago').attr('title')!, 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
             };
         })
     );
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         ['', { name: '最新' }],
     ]);
     return {
-        title: `LearnKu - ${title} - ${categoryTitle.get(category).name}`,
+        title: `LearnKu - ${title} - ${categoryTitle.get(category)!.name}`,
         link: url,
         description,
         item: item.filter((item) => item !== ''),
diff --git a/lib/routes/leetcode/articles.ts b/lib/routes/leetcode/articles.ts
index 243940c626..29f75ed2d3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/leetcode/articles.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/leetcode/articles.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ async function handler() {
         .toArray()
         .filter((e) => $(e).find('h4.media-heading i').length === 0)
         .map((item) => {
-            const info = {
+            const info: DataItem = {
                 title: $(item).find('h4.media-heading').text().trim(),
                 author: $(item).find('.text-500').text(),
-                link: new URL($(item).attr('href'), host).href,
+                link: new URL($(item).attr('href')!, host).href,
                 pubDate: $(item).find('p.pull-right.media-date strong').text().trim(),
             };
             return info;
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((info) =>
-            cache.tryGet(info.link, async () => {
-                const titleSlug = info.link.split('/', 5)[4];
+            cache.tryGet(info.link!, async () => {
+                const titleSlug = info.link!.split('/', 5)[4];
 
                 const questionContent = await ofetch(gqlEndpoint, {
                     method: 'POST',
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 const solution = md.render(officialSolution.data.question.solution.content);
 
                 info.description = (questionContent.data.question.content?.trim() ?? '') + solution;
-                info.pubDate = parseDate(info.pubDate);
+                info.pubDate = parseDate(info.pubDate as string);
 
                 return info;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/leiphone/utils.ts b/lib/routes/leiphone/utils.ts
index 8c15a44f3b..d2b9b6814b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/leiphone/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/leiphone/utils.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
+import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
 
 const ProcessFeed = async (list, cache) => {
     const host = 'https://www.leiphone.com';
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = async (list, cache) => {
                 return {
                     title: $('.headTit').text(),
                     description: description + $('.article-lead').text() + $('.lph-article-comView').html(),
-                    pubDate: parseDate($('.time').text(), 8),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('.time').text()), 8),
                     author: $('.aut > a').text(),
                     link,
                 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/lemonde/en.ts b/lib/routes/lemonde/en.ts
index bad9e0a703..3699a170ec 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lemonde/en.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lemonde/en.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: feedTitle || 'Le Monde in English',
         link: feedLink,
         description: feedTitle || 'Le Monde in English',
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/lemonde/index.ts b/lib/routes/lemonde/index.ts
index af4b689dd7..89bd4ba43f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lemonde/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lemonde/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: feedTitle || 'Le Monde',
         link: feedLink,
         description: feedTitle || 'Le Monde',
-        language: 'fr',
+        language: 'fr' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/lenovo/drive.tsx b/lib/routes/lenovo/drive.tsx
index 7e44b8b0e0..4641fb571f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lenovo/drive.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/lenovo/drive.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
 import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
+import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
 
 export const route: Route = {
     path: '/drive/:selName',
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                 title: `${item.DriverName} ${item.Version}`,
                 link: `https://newsupport.lenovo.com.cn/driveDownloads_detail.html?driveId=${item.DriverEdtionId}`,
                 description: renderToString(<DriveDescription driveName={item.DriverName} driveCode={item.DriverCode} driveVersion={item.Version} downloadFileName={item.FileName} downloadFilePath={item.FilePath} />),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.CreateTime, 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.CreateTime), 8),
             }) as DataItem
     );
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/lephoceen/chrono.ts b/lib/routes/lephoceen/chrono.ts
index f8bd5a99cf..49af26c6fe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lephoceen/chrono.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lephoceen/chrono.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
         // Récupération du fichier json
         const jsonRaw = $('script[id="__NEXT_DATA__"]').html();
-        const jsonData = JSON.parse(jsonRaw);
+        const jsonData = JSON.parse(jsonRaw ?? '');
 
         // Tableau des articles via le chemin identifié du fichier json
         // Structure: props -> pageProps -> data -> datas
diff --git a/lib/routes/lfsyd/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/lfsyd/utils.tsx
index eced7b3485..1ef1f2fc57 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lfsyd/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/lfsyd/utils.tsx
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ const cleanHtml = (htmlString) => {
 
     $('.yingdi-video iframe').each((i, e) => {
         const bvid = $(e)
-            .attr('src')
-            .match(/bvid=(.*?)&/)[1];
+            .attr('src')!
+            .match(/bvid=(.*?)&/)![1];
         if (bvid) {
             const url = `https://www.bilibili.com/video/${bvid}`;
             $(e).after(
diff --git a/lib/routes/lhratings/research.ts b/lib/routes/lhratings/research.ts
index bbd6d13668..9f63a782aa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lhratings/research.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lhratings/research.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import type { Cheerio, CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
-import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
+import type { AnyNode, Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -22,15 +22,17 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('div.xlistNr ul li a, div.hgjjNr ul li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('h2').text();
-            const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $el.find('p').text().split('：', 2)[1]?.trim();
-            const linkUrl: string | undefined = $el.attr('href') ? new URL($el.attr('href') ?? '', baseUrl).href : undefined;
-            const categoryEls: Array<Cheerio<Element>> = [$el.find('h3').contents()].filter(Boolean);
+            const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $el.find('p').text().split('：', 2)[1];
+            const href: string | undefined = $el.attr('href');
+            const linkUrl: string | undefined = href ? new URL(href, baseUrl).href : undefined;
+            const categoryEls: Array<Cheerio<AnyNode>> = [$el.find('h3').contents()].filter(Boolean);
             const categories: string[] = [...new Set(categoryEls.map((el) => $(el).text()).filter(Boolean))];
-            const image: string | undefined = $el.find('div.xylist_img img').attr('src') ? new URL($el.find('div.xylist_img img').attr('src') ?? '', baseUrl).href : undefined;
+            const imageSrc: string | undefined = $el.find('div.xylist_img img').attr('src');
+            const image: string | undefined = imageSrc ? new URL(imageSrc, baseUrl).href : undefined;
             const upDatedStr: string | undefined = pubDateStr;
 
             let processedItem: DataItem = {
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             const enclosureUrl: string | undefined = linkUrl?.endsWith('.pdf') ? linkUrl : undefined;
@@ -59,6 +61,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         });
 
     const author = '联合资信评估股份有限公司';
+    const logoSrc: string | undefined = $('h1.logo a img').attr('src');
 
     return {
         title: `${author} - ${$('title').text()}`,
@@ -66,9 +69,9 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         link: targetUrl,
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
-        image: $('h1.logo a img').attr('src') ? new URL($('h1.logo a img').attr('src') ?? '', baseUrl).href : undefined,
+        image: logoSrc ? new URL(logoSrc, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/line/utils.ts b/lib/routes/line/utils.ts
index 190ab04615..b085192615 100644
--- a/lib/routes/line/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/line/utils.ts
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ const parseItems = (list) =>
                     });
                     data = response.data;
                 } catch (error) {
-                    if ((error.name === 'HTTPError' || error.name === 'FetchError') && error.response.statusCode === 404) {
-                        logger.error(`Error parsing article ${item.link}: ${error.message}`);
+                    if (((error as Error).name === 'HTTPError' || (error as Error).name === 'FetchError') && (error as { response: { statusCode: number } }).response.statusCode === 404) {
+                        logger.error(`Error parsing article ${item.link}: ${(error as Error).message}`);
                         return item;
                     }
                     throw error;
diff --git a/lib/routes/lineageos/changes.ts b/lib/routes/lineageos/changes.ts
index ec3b5e9ce6..2127c8691e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lineageos/changes.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lineageos/changes.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             link: linkUrl,
             category: categories,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated, 'X') : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: $('title').text(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/linkedin/cn/renderer.ts b/lib/routes/linkedin/cn/renderer.ts
index 074ecd93e2..c35f8120e8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/linkedin/cn/renderer.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/linkedin/cn/renderer.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* eslint-disable unicorn/prefer-code-point */
+/* oxlint-disable unicorn/prefer-code-point */
 const text_tag = {
     LINE_BREAK: 0,
     INLINE_CODE: 1,
@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ const text_tag = {
 };
 
 class TreeNode {
+    attr: any;
+    start: number;
+    end: number;
+    children: any[];
+    text?: string;
     constructor(attr) {
         this.attr = attr;
         this.start = attr.start;
@@ -23,6 +28,9 @@ class TreeNode {
     }
 }
 class Ucs2Text {
+    string: string | null;
+    codePoints: number[];
+    length: number;
     constructor(text) {
         if (Array.isArray(text)) {
             this.string = null;
@@ -30,7 +38,7 @@ class Ucs2Text {
         } else {
             this.string = text;
             const k = text.length;
-            const d = [];
+            const d: any[] = [];
 
             let l,
                 e,
@@ -55,7 +63,7 @@ class Ucs2Text {
         this.length = this.codePoints.length;
     }
     substring(start, end) {
-        let _len = this.length,
+        let _len: any = this.length,
             _start = start,
             _end = end;
         if (_end === 0) {
@@ -68,7 +76,7 @@ class Ucs2Text {
         }
         return new Ucs2Text(_start === _end ? '' : this.codePoints.slice(_start, _end));
     }
-    slice(a, b) {
+    slice(a, b?) {
         // oxlint-disable-next-line unicorn/prefer-string-slice
         return this.substring(a, b).toString();
     }
@@ -124,11 +132,11 @@ const parseAttr = (description) => {
             e = d.start + d.length;
         return f === e ? text_tag[b.detailData.style] - text_tag[d.detailData.style] : f - e;
     });
-    const n = [];
+    const n: TreeNode[] = [];
     for (const q of attrs) {
         const p = new TreeNode(q);
         const w = q.start;
-        while (0 < n.length && n.at(-1).attr.start >= w) {
+        while (0 < n.length && n.at(-1)!.attr.start >= w) {
             p.children.push(n.pop());
         }
         p.children.reverse();
@@ -143,7 +151,7 @@ const parseAttr = (description) => {
             node.text = m.slice(node.start, node.end);
             return renderSingle(node);
         }
-        const res = [];
+        const res: any[] = [];
         let s = node.start;
         for (const child of node.children) {
             if (s < child.start) {
@@ -160,7 +168,7 @@ const parseAttr = (description) => {
         return renderSingle(node);
     };
 
-    const q = [];
+    const q: any[] = [];
     let p = 0;
     for (const e of n) {
         // BFS render
diff --git a/lib/routes/linkedin/cn/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/linkedin/cn/utils.tsx
index a72ca4c59a..3e1a4f5118 100644
--- a/lib/routes/linkedin/cn/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/linkedin/cn/utils.tsx
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ const location = {
     beijing: '103873152',
 };
 
-const makeVariables = (variables) =>
+const makeVariables = (variables: Record<string, any>) =>
     '(' +
     Object.entries(variables)
         .filter(([, v]) => v)
diff --git a/lib/routes/linkedin/jobs.ts b/lib/routes/linkedin/jobs.ts
index 1e98510869..3a7116a2c3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/linkedin/jobs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/linkedin/jobs.ts
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const expLevelsParam = parseParamsToSearchParams(ctx.req.param('exp_levels'), EXP_LEVELS);
     const routeParams = new URLSearchParams(ctx.req.param('routeParams'));
 
-    let url = new URL(JOB_SEARCH_PATH, BASE_URL);
+    const url = new URL(JOB_SEARCH_PATH, BASE_URL);
 
     // keep for backward compatibility
     url.searchParams.append(KEYWORDS_QUERY_KEY, ctx.req.param('keywords') || '');
@@ -113,10 +113,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             url.searchParams.append(key, value);
         }
     }
-    url = url.toString();
+    const searchUrl = url.href;
 
     // Parse job search page
-    const response = await ofetch(url);
+    const response = await ofetch(searchUrl);
     const jobs = parseJobSearch(response);
 
     const jobTypes = parseParamsToString(ctx.req.param('job_types'), JOB_TYPES);
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     return {
         title: feedTitle,
-        link: url,
+        link: searchUrl,
         description: 'This feed gets LinkedIn job posts',
         item: jobs.map((job) => {
             const title = `${job.company} is hiring ${job.title}`;
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return {
                 title, // item title
                 description, // job description
-                pubDate: parseDate(job.pubDate), // data publish date
+                pubDate: job.pubDate ? parseDate(job.pubDate) : undefined, // data publish date
                 link: job.link, // job source link
             };
         }),
diff --git a/lib/routes/linkedin/models.ts b/lib/routes/linkedin/models.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 5e3dcc4fe2..0000000000
--- a/lib/routes/linkedin/models.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-class Job {
-    constructor(title, link, company, location, pubDate, recruiter, description) {
-        this.title = title;
-        this.link = link;
-        this.company = company;
-        this.location = location;
-        this.pubDate = pubDate;
-        this.recruiter = recruiter;
-        this.description = description;
-    }
-}
-
-export { Job };
diff --git a/lib/routes/linkedin/utils.ts b/lib/routes/linkedin/utils.ts
index dd0f296614..8af7bf7c90 100644
--- a/lib/routes/linkedin/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/linkedin/utils.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import dayjs from 'dayjs';
 
-import { Job } from './models';
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 
 /**
  * Constants
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ function parseParamsToString(params, map) {
  * Example page: https://www.linkedin.com/jobs-guest/jobs/api/seeMoreJobPostings/search?keywords=Software%20Engineer&location=United%20States&locationId=&geoId=103644278&sortBy=R&f_TPR=&position=1&pageNum=0
  *
  * @param {String} data HTML string of job search page
- * @returns {Job[]} Array of jobs with data filled
+ * @returns Array of jobs with data filled
  */
 function parseJobSearch(data) {
     const $ = load(data);
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ function parseJobSearch(data) {
     // Parse data
     const jobs = $('li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((elem) => {
+        .map((elem): DataItem & { company: string; location: string } => {
             const elemHtml = $(elem);
             const link = elemHtml.find('a.base-card__full-link, a.base-card--link')?.attr('href')?.split('?', 1)[0];
             const title = elemHtml.find('h3.base-search-card__title')?.text()?.trim();
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ function parseJobSearch(data) {
             const location = elemHtml.find('span.job-search-card__location')?.text()?.trim();
             const pubDate = elemHtml.find('time')?.attr('datetime');
 
-            return new Job(title, link, company, location, pubDate);
+            return { title, link, company, location, pubDate };
         });
     return jobs;
 }
@@ -108,16 +108,15 @@ function parseJobSearch(data) {
  * Example page: https://www.linkedin.com/jobs/view/software-engineer-backend-junior-at-genies-3429649821?trk=public_jobs_topcard-title
  *
  * @param {String} data HTML string of job detail page
- * @returns {Job} Job details
+ * @returns Job details
  */
 function parseJobDetail(data) {
-    const job = new Job();
     const $ = load(data);
 
-    job.recruiter = $('a.message-the-recruiter__cta').attr('href');
-    job.description = $('div.description__text description__text--rich').text();
-
-    return job;
+    return {
+        recruiter: $('a.message-the-recruiter__cta').attr('href'),
+        description: $('div.description__text description__text--rich').text(),
+    };
 }
 
 const parseRouteParam = (searchParam: string | null): string => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/linkresearcher/index.tsx b/lib/routes/linkresearcher/index.tsx
index 35c1db5506..ea8cea4f0a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/linkresearcher/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/linkresearcher/index.tsx
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
                 }
 
                 return dataItem;
-            }) as unknown as DataItem;
+            });
         })
     );
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/linovelib/novel.ts b/lib/routes/linovelib/novel.ts
index 503b82f1aa..1dcf76c771 100644
--- a/lib/routes/linovelib/novel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/linovelib/novel.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('li')
         .find('a')
         .toArray()
-        .filter((item) => $(item).attr('href').startsWith('/novel/'))
+        .filter((item) => $(item).attr('href')!.startsWith('/novel/'))
         .map((item) => ({
             title: $(item).text(),
             author,
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `哩哔轻小说 - ${title}`,
         link: `https://www.linovelib.com/novel/${ctx.req.param('id')}/catalog`,
         description: title,
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/liquipedia/dota2-matches.ts b/lib/routes/liquipedia/dota2-matches.ts
index 8e406daacf..5e6492d365 100644
--- a/lib/routes/liquipedia/dota2-matches.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/liquipedia/dota2-matches.ts
@@ -44,21 +44,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `Liquipedia Dota2 ${team} Matches`,
         link: url,
         item: list?.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             let message: string;
-            if (item.attr('style') === 'background:rgb(240, 255, 240)') {
+            if ($item.attr('style') === 'background:rgb(240, 255, 240)') {
                 message = '胜';
-            } else if (item.attr('style') === 'background:rgb(249, 240, 242)') {
+            } else if ($item.attr('style') === 'background:rgb(249, 240, 242)') {
                 message = '败';
             } else {
                 message = '平';
             }
-            const date = item.find('td:nth-child(1)').text();
-            const time = item.find('td:nth-child(2)').text();
-            const tournament = item.find('td:nth-child(6) > a').text();
+            const date = $item.find('td:nth-child(1)').text();
+            const time = $item.find('td:nth-child(2)').text();
+            const tournament = $item.find('td:nth-child(6) > a').text();
             const dateTime = parseDate(date + ' ' + time);
-            const score = item.find('td:nth-child(7)').text();
-            const vs_team = item.find('td:nth-child(8) > span > span.team-template-text > a').text();
+            const score = $item.find('td:nth-child(7)').text();
+            const vs_team = $item.find('td:nth-child(8) > span > span.team-template-text > a').text();
 
             return {
                 title: `[${message}] ${score} ${vs_team}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/literotica/category.ts b/lib/routes/literotica/category.ts
index 6ced9ddee3..962da1749b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/literotica/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/literotica/category.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,22 +40,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.b-slb-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h3 a');
+            const a = $item.find('h3 a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                author: item.find('.b-user-info-name').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.b-slib-date').text(), 'MM/DD/YY'),
+                author: $item.find('.b-user-info-name').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.b-slib-date').text(), 'MM/DD/YY'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/literotica/new.ts b/lib/routes/literotica/new.ts
index fd1c10d558..69ec2c15c2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/literotica/new.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/literotica/new.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,17 +43,17 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.b-46t')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('.p-48y');
+            const a = $item.find('.p-48y');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                category: item.nextAll().eq(3).text().replaceAll(/\(|\)/g, '').trim(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.nextAll().eq(4).text().trim(), 'MM/DD/YY'),
-                author: item
+                category: $item.nextAll().eq(3).text().replaceAll(/\(|\)/g, '').trim(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.nextAll().eq(4).text().trim(), 'MM/DD/YY'),
+                author: $item
                     .nextAll()
                     .eq(2)
                     .text()
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/liulinblog/index.ts b/lib/routes/liulinblog/index.ts
index 3b80463cc2..5baac7e5ff 100644
--- a/lib/routes/liulinblog/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/liulinblog/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -62,32 +62,32 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h2.entry-title a');
+            const a = $item.find('h2.entry-title a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.prop('title'),
                 link: a.prop('href'),
-                description: item.find('div.entry-excerpt').html(),
-                author: item
+                description: $item.find('div.entry-excerpt').html(),
+                author: $item
                     .find('span.meta-author a')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((a) => $(a).prop('title'))
                     .join(' / '),
-                category: item
+                category: $item
                     .find('span.meta-category-dot a[rel="category"]')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text()),
-                guid: `liulinblog-${item.prop('id')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.meta-date time').prop('datetime')),
-                comments: item.find('span.meta-comment').text() ? Number(item.find('span.meta-comment').text().trim()) : 0,
+                guid: `liulinblog-${$item.prop('id')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.meta-date time').prop('datetime')),
+                comments: $item.find('span.meta-comment').text() ? Number($item.find('span.meta-comment').text().trim()) : 0,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${title} - ${subPath === '/' ? '最新' : $('h1.term-title').text().split('搜索到', 1)[0]}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: $('img.logo').prop('src'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/liulinblog/itnews.ts b/lib/routes/liulinblog/itnews.ts
index 8f9953e0d4..ab76c8c065 100644
--- a/lib/routes/liulinblog/itnews.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/liulinblog/itnews.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,5 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 function handler(ctx) {
     const { channel } = ctx.req.param();
-    const redirectTo = `/liulinblog/${channel}`;
-    ctx.set('redirect', redirectTo);
+    return ctx.set('redirect', `/liulinblog/${channel}`);
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/liveuamap/index.ts b/lib/routes/liveuamap/index.ts
index b944e55ed9..cd9dbcc84b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/liveuamap/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/liveuamap/index.ts
@@ -48,11 +48,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('div.title').text(),
-                description: item.find('div.title').text(),
-                link: item.attr('data-link'),
+                title: $item.find('div.title').text(),
+                description: $item.find('div.title').text(),
+                link: $item.attr('data-link'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/locals/feed.ts b/lib/routes/locals/feed.ts
index 830529b455..9b2dd3e6db 100644
--- a/lib/routes/locals/feed.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/locals/feed.ts
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ async function requestServerFunction<T>(session: string, id: string, key: string
         throw new Error(`Unable to access the Locals server function (${response.status}).`);
     }
 
-    return parseUnknownResponse<T>(response._data, key);
+    return parseUnknownResponse<T>(response._data!, key);
 }
 
 function fetchCommunityInfo(community: string, session: string) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/lofter/collection.ts b/lib/routes/lofter/collection.ts
index 17e561b2e9..0d48525cd3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lofter/collection.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lofter/collection.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function fetchCollection(collectionID, limit, offset = 0) {
         link: data.blogInfo.homePageUrl || 'https://www.lofter.com/',
         description: data.collection.description || 'No description provided.',
         items: data.items,
-    } as object;
+    };
 }
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/lofter/tag.ts b/lib/routes/lofter/tag.ts
index b6a9089bda..00ea505dc7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lofter/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lofter/tag.ts
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         method: 'post',
         url: apiUrl,
         body: new URLSearchParams({
-            callCount: 1,
+            callCount: '1',
             scriptSessionId: '${scriptSessionId}187',
             httpSessionId: '',
             'c0-scriptName': 'TagBean',
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             'c0-param6': `number:${pageSize}`,
             'c0-param7': `number:${startingIndex}`,
             'c0-param8': 'number:0',
-            batchId: 493053,
+            batchId: '493053',
         }),
         headers: {
             Referer: `https://www.lofter.com/tag/${encodeURI(name)}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/lofter/user.ts b/lib/routes/lofter/user.ts
index ee509e0f1d..582241cd08 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lofter/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lofter/user.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             blogdomain: rootUrl,
             checkpwd: '1',
             following: '0',
-            limit,
+            limit: String(limit),
             method: 'getPostLists',
             needgetpoststat: '1',
             offset: '0',
diff --git a/lib/routes/logclub/index.ts b/lib/routes/logclub/index.ts
index 19361bc22e..ea59491c53 100644
--- a/lib/routes/logclub/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/logclub/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -48,21 +48,21 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('li.layui-row, li.layui-timeline-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('div.newslist-txt h3 a, a.article_title').first();
-            const image = item.find('img.img-hover').prop('src')?.split(/\?/, 1)[0] ?? undefined;
+            const a = $item.find('div.newslist-txt h3 a, a.article_title').first();
+            const image = $item.find('img.img-hover').prop('src')?.split(/\?/, 1)[0] ?? undefined;
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 description: renderDescription({
                     image: {
                         src: image,
                         alt: a.text(),
                     },
-                    intro: item.find('p.newslist-intro, div.newslist-info-intro').text(),
+                    intro: $item.find('p.newslist-intro, div.newslist-info-intro').text(),
                 }),
                 itunes_item_image: image,
             };
@@ -70,22 +70,22 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                 content('a.dl_file').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = content(el);
-                    el.parent().remove();
+                    const $el = content(el);
+                    $el.parent().remove();
                 });
                 content('img').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = content(el);
-                    el.replaceWith(
+                    const $el = content(el);
+                    $el.replaceWith(
                         renderDescription({
                             image: {
-                                src: el.prop('src')?.split(/\?/, 1)[0] ?? undefined,
-                                alt: el.prop('title'),
+                                src: $el.prop('src')?.split(/\?/, 1)[0] ?? undefined,
+                                alt: $el.prop('title'),
                             },
                         })
                     );
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                         src: item.enclosure_url,
                         type: item.enclosure_type,
                     },
-                    description: content('div.article-cont').html(),
+                    description: content('div.article-cont').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.author = content('div.article-info-r a')
                     .toArray()
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                               )
                                   .text()
                                   .split(/：/)
-                                  .pop()
+                                  .pop()!
                                   .trim()
                           )
                         : parseDate(content('span.aritlceIn-time').text().trim());
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         )
     );
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
     const subtitle = $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content');
     const author = subtitle.split(/,/, 1)[0];
 
@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text().split(/-/, 1)[0].trim(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
-        image: new URL($('div.logo_img img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
+        image: new URL($('div.logo_img img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: subtitle.replaceAll(',', ''),
diff --git a/lib/routes/logclub/report.ts b/lib/routes/logclub/report.ts
index e293364e4c..570b809bfd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/logclub/report.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/logclub/report.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -87,12 +87,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                 content('img').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = content(el);
-                    el.replaceWith(
+                    const $el = content(el);
+                    $el.replaceWith(
                         renderDescription({
                             image: {
-                                src: el.prop('src')?.split(/\?/, 1)[0] ?? undefined,
-                                alt: el.prop('title'),
+                                src: $el.prop('src')?.split(/\?/, 1)[0] ?? undefined,
+                                alt: $el.prop('title'),
                             },
                         })
                     );
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.title = content('h1').first().text();
                 item.description += renderDescription({
-                    description: content('div.article-cont').html(),
+                    description: content('div.article-cont').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.author = content('div.lc-infos a')
                     .toArray()
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(currentResponse);
 
     const title = $('div.this_nav').text().trim();
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
     const subtitle = $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content');
 
     return {
@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${$('title').text()}${title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
-        image: new URL($('div.logo_img img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
+        image: new URL($('div.logo_img img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: subtitle.replaceAll(',', ''),
diff --git a/lib/routes/logonews/index.tsx b/lib/routes/logonews/index.tsx
index 879c12122d..38cbb07b16 100644
--- a/lib/routes/logonews/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/logonews/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -41,17 +41,18 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $(isWork ? 'h2 a' : 'a.article-link')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 25)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -65,14 +66,14 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                     content(el).attr(
                         'src',
                         content(el)
-                            .attr('data-src')
+                            .attr('data-src')!
                             .replace(/_logonews/, '')
                     );
                 });
 
                 item.title = content('title').text();
                 item.author = content('.author-links').text();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')!);
                 item.category = content('a.category_link, a[rel="tag"]')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => content(c).text().replaceAll(' · ', ''));
diff --git a/lib/routes/logrocket/index.ts b/lib/routes/logrocket/index.ts
index f8de8e5aad..e15601a75f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/logrocket/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/logrocket/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio'; // 类似 jQuery 的 API HTML 解析器
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch'; // 统一使用的请求库
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -33,21 +33,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('div.post-list .post-card')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
-            const title = item.find('.post-card-title');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
+            const title = $item.find('.post-card-title');
             return {
                 title: title.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.post-card-author-name').next().text().split(' ⋅ ', 1)[0], 'MMM D, YYYY'),
-                author: item.find('.post-card-author-name').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.post-card-author-name').next().text().split(' ⋅ ', 1)[0], 'MMM D, YYYY'),
+                author: $item.find('.post-card-author-name').text(),
             };
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 //
                 $('div.content-max-width .sidebar-container div.code-block').remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/lorientlejour/index.tsx b/lib/routes/lorientlejour/index.tsx
index 49093df8e3..ae0bb8d972 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lorientlejour/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/lorientlejour/index.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import { FetchError } from 'ofetch';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title,
         description,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         link,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/lrepacks/index.ts b/lib/routes/lrepacks/index.ts
index b550cdf3c8..df15abfca6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lrepacks/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lrepacks/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -23,29 +23,29 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('#main article')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('h3.entry-title').text();
+            const title = $item.find('h3.entry-title').text();
             const description = renderDescription({
-                intro: item.find('div.entry-content').text(),
+                intro: $item.find('div.entry-content').text(),
             });
 
             return {
                 title,
                 description,
-                link: item.find('h3.entry-title a').prop('href'),
-                category: item
+                link: $item.find('h3.entry-title a').prop('href'),
+                category: $item
                     .find('span.cat-links')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text()),
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -53,14 +53,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 const data = JSON.parse($$('script[type="application/ld+json"]').first().text())['@graph']?.[0] ?? undefined;
 
                 $$('div.entry-content a.highslide[href]').each((_, el) => {
-                    el = $$(el);
+                    const $el = $$(el);
 
-                    el.parent().replaceWith(
+                    $el.parent().replaceWith(
                         renderDescription({
                             images: [
                                 {
-                                    src: el.prop('href'),
-                                    alt: el.prop('title'),
+                                    src: $el.prop('href'),
+                                    alt: $el.prop('title'),
                                 },
                             ],
                         })
@@ -86,14 +86,14 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 item.image = image;
                 item.banner = image;
                 item.updated = data ? parseDate(data.dateModified) : undefined;
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').text(),
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/lsnu/jiaowc/tzgg.ts b/lib/routes/lsnu/jiaowc/tzgg.ts
index d8f6536501..636bd37066 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lsnu/jiaowc/tzgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lsnu/jiaowc/tzgg.ts
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const description = article$('.v_news_content').html();
 
                 return {
-                    title,
+                    title: title!,
                     link,
                     description,
                     pubDate: new Date(date).toUTCString(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/ltaaa/article.ts b/lib/routes/ltaaa/article.ts
index c2108bca01..cb172e3fb5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ltaaa/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ltaaa/article.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.wlist li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('div.li-title a');
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.post-title').text();
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     $$('div.attitude, div.clear').remove();
 
                     const description: string = renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('div.post-body').html(),
+                        description: $$('div.post-body').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
 
                     const processedItem: DataItem = {
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: new URL('static/home/images/logo.png', baseUrl).href,
         author: title.split(/-/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/luogu/contest.ts b/lib/routes/luogu/contest.ts
index 50d0bbbaa6..197f854ead 100644
--- a/lib/routes/luogu/contest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/luogu/contest.ts
@@ -29,6 +29,16 @@ const typeMap = {
     // },
 };
 
+interface Contest {
+    id: number;
+    name: string;
+    host: { name: string };
+    rated: boolean;
+    startTime: number;
+    ruleType: keyof typeof typeMap.ruleType;
+    visibilityType: keyof typeof typeMap.visibilityType;
+}
+
 export const route: Route = {
     path: '/contest',
     categories: ['programming'],
@@ -62,12 +72,14 @@ async function handler() {
         decodeURIComponent(
             $('script')
                 .text()
-                .match(/decodeURIComponent\("(.*)"\)/)[1]
+                .match(/decodeURIComponent\("(.*)"\)/)![1]
         )
     );
 
+    const contests: Contest[] = data.currentData.contests.result;
+
     const result = await pMap(
-        data.currentData.contests.result,
+        contests,
         (item) =>
             cache.tryGet(`${baseUrl}/contest/${item.id}`, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(`${baseUrl}/contest/${item.id}`);
@@ -76,7 +88,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     decodeURIComponent(
                         $('script')
                             .text()
-                            .match(/decodeURIComponent\("(.*)"\)/)[1]
+                            .match(/decodeURIComponent\("(.*)"\)/)![1]
                     )
                 );
 
@@ -86,7 +98,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     link: `${baseUrl}/contest/${item.id}`,
                     author: item.host.name,
                     pubDate: parseDate(item.startTime, 'X'),
-                    category: [item.rated ? 'Rated' : null, typeMap.ruleType[item.ruleType], typeMap.visibilityType[item.visibilityType]].filter(Boolean),
+                    category: [item.rated ? 'Rated' : null, typeMap.ruleType[item.ruleType], typeMap.visibilityType[item.visibilityType]].filter(Boolean) as string[],
                 };
             }),
         { concurrency: 4 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/luogu/daily.ts b/lib/routes/luogu/daily.ts
index 552f76f9bc..681beb39cc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/luogu/daily.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/luogu/daily.ts
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const title = $('head title').text();
 
     const injectionScript = $('head script:contains("window._feInjection")').text();
-    const jsonRaw = injectionScript.match(/window\._feInjection = JSON\.parse\(decodeURIComponent\("(.*?)"\)\);/)[1];
+    const jsonRaw = injectionScript.match(/window\._feInjection = JSON\.parse\(decodeURIComponent\("(.*?)"\)\);/)![1];
     const jsonDecode = JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent(jsonRaw));
 
     const mdRaw = jsonDecode.currentData.post.content;
diff --git a/lib/routes/luolei/index.tsx b/lib/routes/luolei/index.tsx
index a80c4f67de..eb4c3bdc7a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/luolei/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/luolei/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ const renderDescription = ({ images, videos }: { images?: DescriptionImage[]; vi
 
 const unblurImages = ($: CheerioAPI) => {
     $('img[data-original-src]').each((_, el) => {
-        el = $(el);
+        const $el = $(el);
 
-        el.replaceWith(
+        $el.replaceWith(
             renderDescription({
                 images: [
                     {
-                        src: el.prop('data-original-src'),
+                        src: $el.prop('data-original-src'),
                     },
                 ],
             })
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     const language = $('html').prop('lang');
     const themeEl = $('link[rel="modulepreload"]')
         .toArray()
-        .findLast((l) => /theme\..*\.js$/.test($(l).prop('href')));
-    const themeUrl = themeEl ? new URL($(themeEl).prop('href'), rootUrl).href : undefined;
+        .findLast((l) => /theme\..*\.js$/.test($(l).prop('href')!));
+    const themeUrl = themeEl ? new URL($(themeEl).prop('href')!, rootUrl).href : undefined;
 
     const { data: themeResponse } = await got(themeUrl);
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('img.logo').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('img.logo').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: $('title').first().text(),
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[property="og:title"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/lvv2/news.ts b/lib/routes/lvv2/news.ts
index 673dddc2e8..97f0ba2585 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lvv2/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lvv2/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -61,31 +61,33 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.spacer > div')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('h3 > a.title').text().trim(),
-            author: $(item).find('a.author').text().trim(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('h3.title > a.title').attr('href'), rootUrl).href.replace(/(https:\/\/lvv2\.com.*?)\/title.*/, '$1'),
-            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('a.dateline > time').attr('datetime')), 8),
-        }))
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('h3 > a.title').text().trim(),
+                author: $(item).find('a.author').text().trim(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('h3.title > a.title').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href.replace(/(https:\/\/lvv2\.com.*?)\/title.*/, '$1'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('a.dateline > time').attr('datetime')!), 8),
+            })
+        )
         .filter((item) => item.title !== '');
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 item.description =
-                    new URL(item.link).hostname === 'instant.lvv2.com'
-                        ? await cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                    new URL(item.link!).hostname === 'instant.lvv2.com'
+                        ? await cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                               const articleResponse = await got(item.link);
                               const article = load(articleResponse.data);
 
                               const description = article('#_tl_editor')
-                                  .html()
+                                  .html()!
                                   .replaceAll(/src=["'|]data.*?["'|]/g, '')
                                   .replaceAll(/(<img.*?)data-src(.*?>)/g, '$1src$2');
 
                               return description;
                           })
-                        : renderOutlink(item.link);
+                        : renderOutlink(item.link!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/lvv2/top.ts b/lib/routes/lvv2/top.ts
index 01cdb3261c..cc5a773c46 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lvv2/top.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lvv2/top.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -61,33 +61,35 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('#top-content-news > div')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('div.md > a').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('div.md > a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href.replace(/(https:\/\/lvv2\.com.*?)\/title.*/, '$1'),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('div.md > a').text(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('div.md > a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href.replace(/(https:\/\/lvv2\.com.*?)\/title.*/, '$1'),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('time').attr('datetime')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('time').attr('datetime')!), 8);
                 item.author = content('a.author').text();
                 const link = content('h2.title > a.title').attr('href');
                 item.description =
-                    new URL(link, item.link).hostname === 'instant.lvv2.com'
-                        ? await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+                    new URL(link!, item.link).hostname === 'instant.lvv2.com'
+                        ? await cache.tryGet(link!, async () => {
                               const articleResponse = await got(link);
                               const article = load(articleResponse.data);
 
                               const description = article('#_tl_editor')
-                                  .html()
+                                  .html()!
                                   .replaceAll(/(<img.*?)data-src(.*?>)/g, '$1src$2');
 
                               return description;
                           })
-                        : renderOutlink(link);
+                        : renderOutlink(link!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/lxixsxa/jsonp-helper.ts b/lib/routes/lxixsxa/jsonp-helper.ts
index 0fa2f52112..9644821f35 100644
--- a/lib/routes/lxixsxa/jsonp-helper.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/lxixsxa/jsonp-helper.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ function parseJSONP(jsonpData) {
 
         return JSON.parse(jsonString);
     } catch (error_) {
-        const error = new Error(`Failed to convert jsonp to json. ${error_.message}`);
+        const error = new Error(`Failed to convert jsonp to json. ${(error_ as Error).message}`);
         throw error;
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/m4/index.ts b/lib/routes/m4/index.ts
index 4f42b56865..dc51603864 100644
--- a/lib/routes/m4/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/m4/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
@@ -59,22 +59,22 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                 description: renderDescription({
                     images: [
                         {
-                            src: item.parent().find('div.aimg0 a img').prop('src'),
+                            src: $item.parent().find('div.aimg0 a img').prop('src'),
                             alt: a.text(),
                         },
                     ],
                 }),
-                category: item
+                category: $item
                     .find('a.aclass')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text().replaceAll('[]', '').trim()),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span.atime').text()), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span.atime').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content'),
         author: $('meta[name="author"]').prop('content'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/macfilos/blog.ts b/lib/routes/macfilos/blog.ts
index aac2c5478c..a7fc5db5db 100644
--- a/lib/routes/macfilos/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/macfilos/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,22 +43,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.entry-title a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const parent = item.parent().parent();
+            const parent = $item.parent().parent();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
                 author: parent.find('.td-post-author-name a').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(parent.find('.td-post-date time').attr('datetime')),
+                pubDate: parseDate(parent.find('.td-post-date time').attr('datetime')!),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/macmenubar/recently.ts b/lib/routes/macmenubar/recently.ts
index 654245bbbb..2703b26eb2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/macmenubar/recently.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/macmenubar/recently.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const baseUrl = 'https://macmenubar.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts';
     const categories = ctx.req.param('category');
-    const searchParams = {
+    const searchParams: { per_page: number; categories?: string } = {
         per_page: 100,
     };
     if (categories) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/macupdate/app.ts b/lib/routes/macupdate/app.ts
index 275e176592..f31d0b7e13 100644
--- a/lib/routes/macupdate/app.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/macupdate/app.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -59,6 +59,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         logo: appData.logo.source,
         icon: appData.logo.source,
         item: [item],
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/magazinelib/latest-magazine.tsx b/lib/routes/magazinelib/latest-magazine.tsx
index 195e3a9f1c..5fae8bd21e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/magazinelib/latest-magazine.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/magazinelib/latest-magazine.tsx
@@ -51,19 +51,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     }
 
     const items = response.data.map((obj) => {
+        const $ = load(obj.content.rendered);
+        const content = $('.vk-att');
+        content.find('img[src="https://magazinelib.com/wp-includes/images/media/default.png"]').remove();
+        const contentHtml = content.html();
+        const imgUrl = obj._embedded['wp:featuredmedia'][0].source_url;
         const data = {
             date: obj.date_gmt,
             link: obj.link,
             featuredMediaLink: obj._links['wp:featuredmedia'][0].href,
             title: obj.title.rendered,
+            content: contentHtml,
+            description: contentHtml + renderImage(imgUrl),
+            categories: obj._embedded['wp:term'][0].map((item) => item.name),
         };
-        const $ = load(obj.content.rendered);
-        const content = $('.vk-att');
-        content.find('img[src="https://magazinelib.com/wp-includes/images/media/default.png"]').remove();
-        data.content = content.html();
-        const imgUrl = obj._embedded['wp:featuredmedia'][0].source_url;
-        data.description = data.content + renderImage(imgUrl);
-        data.categories = obj._embedded['wp:term'][0].map((item) => item.name);
         return data;
     });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/magnumphotos/magazine.ts b/lib/routes/magnumphotos/magazine.ts
index 5f366c907a..716788d76f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/magnumphotos/magazine.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/magnumphotos/magazine.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(rssUrl);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, (async () => {
                 if (!item.link) {
                     return;
                 }
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     category: item.categories,
                     description: description.html(),
                 };
-            })
+            }) as () => Promise<Record<string, any>>)
         )
     );
 
@@ -62,6 +62,6 @@ async function handler() {
         title: 'Magnum Photos',
         link: host,
         description: 'Magnum is a community of thought, a shared human quality, a curiosity about what is going on in the world, a respect for what is going on and a desire to transcribe it visually',
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/mail/imap.ts b/lib/routes/mail/imap.ts
index f202958bd2..3b9ae62e62 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mail/imap.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mail/imap.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { ImapFlow } from 'imapflow';
+import { ImapFlow, type MailboxObject } from 'imapflow';
 import { simpleParser } from 'mailparser';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const { email, folder = 'INBOX' } = ctx.req.param();
     const { limit = 10 } = ctx.req.query();
-    const mailConfig = {
+    const mailConfig: { username: string; port: number | string; password?: string; host?: string } = {
         username: email,
         port: 993,
         ...Object.fromEntries(new URLSearchParams(config.email.config[email.replaceAll(/[.@]/g, '_')])),
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const client = new ImapFlow({
         host: mailConfig.host,
-        port: Number.parseInt(mailConfig.port),
+        port: Number.parseInt(String(mailConfig.port)),
         secure: true,
         auth: {
             user: mailConfig.username,
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     try {
         await client.connect();
     } catch (error) {
-        throw new Error(error.responseText, { cause: error });
+        throw new Error((error as { responseText: string }).responseText, { cause: error });
     }
 
     /**
@@ -72,10 +72,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         }
       ]
     */
-    const mails = [];
+    const mails: any[] = [];
     const lock = await client.getMailboxLock(folder);
     try {
-        const messages = client.fetch(`${Math.max(client.mailbox.exists - limit + 1, 1)}:*`, { envelope: true, source: true, uid: true });
+        const messages = client.fetch(`${Math.max((client.mailbox as MailboxObject).exists - limit + 1, 1)}:*`, { envelope: true, source: true, uid: true });
         for await (const message of messages) {
             mails.push(message);
         }
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     title: item.envelope.subject,
                     description,
                     pubDate: parseDate(item.envelope.date),
-                    author: parsed.from.text,
+                    author: parsed.from!.text,
                     guid: `mail:${email}:${item.envelope.messageId}`,
                 };
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/malaysiakini/index.ts b/lib/routes/malaysiakini/index.ts
index 008a3b32c5..5d147ba52c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/malaysiakini/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/malaysiakini/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { FetchError } from 'ofetch';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(`https://www.malaysiakini.com/api/content/${item.guid}`);
                 if (response.data.stories.content) {
                     item.description = response.data.stories.content;
@@ -168,10 +168,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
         language: lang,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/manhuagui/comic.ts b/lib/routes/manhuagui/comic.ts
index 511f889d4c..bf09ac7958 100644
--- a/lib/routes/manhuagui/comic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/manhuagui/comic.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import { type CheerioAPI, load } from 'cheerio';
 import LZString from 'lz-string';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ const getChapters = ($) => {
     let time_mark = 100;
     // 用于一次更新多个新章节的排序
     let new_time_mark = 0;
-    const result: DataItem[] = [];
+    const result: Array<{ link: string; title?: string; pub_date: Date; num: string; category: string }> = [];
     $('h4').each((_, ele) => {
         const categoryName = $(ele).text();
         let nextEle = ele.next;
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ const getChapters = ($) => {
             for (const li of $(ul).children('li').toArray()) {
                 const a = $(li).children('a');
                 // 通过操作发布时间来对章节进行排序,如果是刚刚更新的单行本或者番外,保留最新更新时间
-                let pDate = new Date(new Date($.pubDate) - time_mark++ * 1000);
+                let pDate = new Date(new Date($.pubDate).getTime() - time_mark++ * 1000);
                 if (a.find('em').length > 0) {
                     // 对更新的章节也进行排序
-                    pDate = new Date(new Date($.pubDate) - new_time_mark++ * 1000);
+                    pDate = new Date(new Date($.pubDate).getTime() - new_time_mark++ * 1000);
                     $.newChapterCnt++;
                 }
                 result.push({
@@ -81,10 +81,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const chapterCnt = Number(ctx.req.param('chapterCnt') || 0);
     const { data } = await got(`${baseUrl}/comic/${id}/`);
-    const $ = load(data);
+    const $ = load(data) as CheerioAPI & { pubDate: Date; newChapterCnt: number };
 
     if ($('#__VIEWSTATE').length > 0) {
-        const n = LZString.decompressFromBase64($('#__VIEWSTATE').val());
+        const n = LZString.decompressFromBase64($('#__VIEWSTATE').val() as string);
         if (n) {
             $('#erroraudit_show').replaceWith(n);
             $('#__VIEWSTATE').remove();
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const reg = /最近[于於].+更新至/;
     const pub_date_str = $('.status > span')
         .text()
-        .match(reg)[0]
+        .match(reg)![0]
         .replace(/最近[于於] \[/, '')
         .replace('] 更新至', '');
     // 为了能在闭包内访问到这个日期而不是每次需要处理这个最近更新日期
diff --git a/lib/routes/manhuagui/subscribe.tsx b/lib/routes/manhuagui/subscribe.tsx
index 8c7d72a468..337e5f9e45 100644
--- a/lib/routes/manhuagui/subscribe.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/manhuagui/subscribe.tsx
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ async function handler() {
             const pubDate = $(item).find('.co_1.c_space').first().next().text();
             const publishDate = parseRelativeDate(pubDate); // 处理相对时间
             const single = {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 link,
                 description,
                 pubDate: publishDate,
diff --git a/lib/routes/mashiro/index.ts b/lib/routes/mashiro/index.ts
index ff1c9ddaae..b2a0a24afa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mashiro/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mashiro/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const links = $('.archives-group article')
             .toArray()
             .slice(0, 10)
-            .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a').first();
+            .map((item): DataItem => {
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a').first();
 
                 const title = a.find('.article-title').text();
                 const link = `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`;
-                const pubDate = parseDate(a.find('time').attr('datetime'));
+                const pubDate = parseDate(a.find('time').attr('datetime')!);
 
                 return {
                     title,
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
         const items = await Promise.all(
             links.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                    const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                    const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $ = load(response);
                     item.description = $('.article-content').html();
                     return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/mathpix/blog.tsx b/lib/routes/mathpix/blog.tsx
index 6bd577b619..0b1735fd47 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mathpix/blog.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/mathpix/blog.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     $('div.navbar-menu a.blog-category').each((_, el) => {
         const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
-        const id: string = $el.attr('data-category');
+        const id: string = $el.attr('data-category')!;
         const name: string = $el.text()?.trim();
 
         if (id && name) {
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('li.articles__item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('a.articles__title').text();
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -87,11 +87,11 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1.article__title').text();
-                const description: string | undefined = $$('div#setText').html();
+                const description: string | undefined = $$('div#setText').html() ?? undefined;
 
                 const processedItem: DataItem = {
                     title,
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         html: description,
                         text: description,
                     },
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/mckinsey/cn/index.ts b/lib/routes/mckinsey/cn/index.ts
index 2e6d4cb85d..6b62233924 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mckinsey/cn/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mckinsey/cn/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -84,11 +84,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.fl-post-grid-post')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const a = $item.find('h2 a');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 description: $item.find('.fl-post-grid-content').html()?.trim(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
                 pubDate: $item.find('[itemprop="datePublished"]').length ? parseDate($item.find('[itemprop="datePublished"]').attr('content')!) : undefined,
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link, {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!, {
                     headers,
                 });
                 const $ = load(response);
diff --git a/lib/routes/mdpi/journal.tsx b/lib/routes/mdpi/journal.tsx
index b4457c5d9d..785e01df32 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mdpi/journal.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/mdpi/journal.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import { CookieJar } from 'tough-cookie';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 const cookieJar = new CookieJar();
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const issue = $2('.content__container').find('h1').text().trim();
     const list = $2('.article-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { authors: string; doi: string; abstract: string; issue: string; img: string } => {
             const title = $2(item).find('.title-link').text();
             const link = `${host}${$2(item).find('.title-link').attr('href')}`;
             const authors = $2(item).find('.authors').find('.inlineblock').text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/medieval-china/post.ts b/lib/routes/medieval-china/post.ts
index 459716b3c0..8481b7de3f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/medieval-china/post.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/medieval-china/post.ts
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const posts = JSON.parse(
         $('script:contains("window.localPosts")')
             .text()
-            .match(/window\.localPosts = JSON\.parse\('(.*)'\);/)[1]
+            .match(/window\.localPosts = JSON\.parse\('(.*)'\);/)![1]
     )
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10)
         .map((item) => ({
diff --git a/lib/routes/medsci/index.ts b/lib/routes/medsci/index.ts
index e5b7164d10..645ace8b74 100644
--- a/lib/routes/medsci/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/medsci/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -83,21 +83,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('#articleList')
         .find('.ms-link')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const pubDate = item.parent().parent().find('.item-meta-item').first().text();
+            const pubDate = $item.parent().parent().find('.item-meta-item').first().text();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').replace(/;jsessionid=[\dA-Z]+/, '')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.replace(/;jsessionid=[\dA-Z]+/, '')}`,
                 pubDate: pubDate.indexOf('-') > 0 ? parseDate(pubDate) : parseRelativeDate(pubDate),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/meishichina/index.ts b/lib/routes/meishichina/index.ts
index 95b7129e2e..24bcabff7a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/meishichina/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/meishichina/index.ts
@@ -75,24 +75,24 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
               .slice(0, limit)
               .toArray()
               .map((item) => {
-                  item = $(item);
+                  const $item = $(item);
 
-                  const title = item.find('div.detail h2').text();
-                  const description = item.find('div.detail').html();
-                  const guid = `meishichina-${item.prop('data-id')}`;
-                  const image = item.find('div.pic img').prop('src').split(/\?/, 1)[0];
+                  const title = $item.find('div.detail h2').text();
+                  const description = $item.find('div.detail').html();
+                  const guid = `meishichina-${$item.prop('data-id')}`;
+                  const image = $item.find('div.pic img').prop('src')!.split(/\?/, 1)[0];
 
                   return {
                       title,
                       description,
-                      link: item.find('div.detail h2 a').prop('href'),
-                      category: item.find('p.subcontent').text().replace(/。$/, '').split('、'),
-                      author: item.find('p.subline a').text(),
+                      link: $item.find('div.detail h2 a').prop('href'),
+                      category: $item.find('p.subcontent').text().replace(/。$/, '').split('、'),
+                      author: $item.find('p.subline a').text(),
                       guid,
                       id: guid,
                       content: {
                           html: description,
-                          text: item.find('div.detail').text(),
+                          text: $item.find('div.detail').text(),
                       },
                       image,
                       banner: image,
diff --git a/lib/routes/meituan/tech.ts b/lib/routes/meituan/tech.ts
index 7e1a05c49f..6d27d6a965 100644
--- a/lib/routes/meituan/tech.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/meituan/tech.ts
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(rssUrl);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 const content = $('div.content').html();
                 return {
-                    title: item.title,
+                    title: item.title!,
                     link: item.link,
                     pubDate: item.pubDate,
                     author: item.creator,
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler() {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: rootUrl,
         description: feed.description,
         language: feed.language,
diff --git a/lib/routes/metacritic/index.tsx b/lib/routes/metacritic/index.tsx
index 358f31a4d2..9c415b3597 100644
--- a/lib/routes/metacritic/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/metacritic/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -71,7 +71,18 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const apiKey = currentResponse.match(/apiKey=(.*?)&/)[1];
 
-    const searchParams = {
+    const searchParams: {
+        sortBy: string;
+        productType: string;
+        limit: number;
+        apiKey: string;
+        genres?: string;
+        releaseType?: string;
+        releaseYearMin?: string;
+        releaseYearMax?: string;
+        gamePlatformIds?: string;
+        streamingNetworkIds?: string;
+    } = {
         sortBy: `-${sorts[sort].id}`,
         productType: types[type].id,
         limit,
@@ -163,14 +174,14 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(currentResponse);
 
-    const icon = new URL($('meta[data-hid="msapplication-task-metacritic"]').prop('content').split('icon-uri=').pop(), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('meta[data-hid="msapplication-task-metacritic"]').prop('content').split('icon-uri=').pop()!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('link[rel="icon"]').prop('content'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/meteoblue/weathernews.ts b/lib/routes/meteoblue/weathernews.ts
index 7402078f86..112cf5d0a3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/meteoblue/weathernews.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/meteoblue/weathernews.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 description,
             };
         })
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[];
 
     return {
         title: 'meteoblue Weather News',
diff --git a/lib/routes/mhlw/monthly-labour-survey.ts b/lib/routes/mhlw/monthly-labour-survey.ts
index 4f7b0d9eaa..25357d7f93 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mhlw/monthly-labour-survey.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mhlw/monthly-labour-survey.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content'),
         link,
         image: `${baseUrl}/favicon.ico`,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/mi/crowdfunding.ts b/lib/routes/mi/crowdfunding.ts
index 32f964e166..8bfe56ed58 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mi/crowdfunding.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mi/crowdfunding.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ const getDataItem = (item: CrowdfundingDetailInfo) =>
         description: utils.renderCrowdfunding(item),
         link: `https://m.mi.com/crowdfunding/proddetail/${item.project_id}`,
         image: item.big_image,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN',
     }) as DataItem;
 
 async function handler() {
@@ -55,6 +55,6 @@ async function handler() {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: 'https://m.mi.com/static/img/icons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN',
     } as Data;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/mi/types.ts b/lib/routes/mi/types.ts
index 6b7cf53ac8..4b8a77bb50 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mi/types.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mi/types.ts
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ export interface CrowdfundingDetailInfo {
     project_desc: string;
     project_id: number;
     project_name: string;
+    send_info: string;
     start_time: number;
     start_time_desc: string; // injected
     support_list: CrowdfundingDetailSupportList[];
diff --git a/lib/routes/mihoyo/bbs/cache.ts b/lib/routes/mihoyo/bbs/cache.ts
index 1b7e8d4b1a..9311c67a42 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mihoyo/bbs/cache.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mihoyo/bbs/cache.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ const getUserFullInfo = (ctx, uid) => {
     return cache.tryGet(key, async () => {
         const query = new URLSearchParams({
             uid,
-            gids: 2,
+            gids: '2',
         }).toString();
         const url = `https://bbs-api.miyoushe.com/user/wapi/getUserFullInfo?${query}`;
         const response = await got({
diff --git a/lib/routes/mindmeister/example.tsx b/lib/routes/mindmeister/example.tsx
index 894bd32fde..d53d487a21 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mindmeister/example.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/mindmeister/example.tsx
@@ -63,21 +63,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('#public-listing .map-tile-wrapper')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             const imageUrl = new URL(
-                item
+                $item
                     .find('.map-wrapper')
-                    .attr('style')
-                    .match(/url\('(.*)'\);/)[1]
+                    .attr('style')!
+                    .match(/url\('(.*)'\);/)![1]
             ).href;
 
-            const title = item.find('.title').text();
+            const title = $item.find('.title').text();
             return {
                 title,
                 description: renderToString(<img src={imageUrl.split('?', 1)[0]} alt={title.trim()} />),
-                link: item.find('.title').attr('href'),
-                author: item.find('.author').text().trim().replace(/^by/, ''),
-                category: item.find('.fw-bold').text(),
+                link: $item.find('.title').attr('href'),
+                author: $item.find('.author').text().trim().replace(/^by/, ''),
+                category: $item.find('.fw-bold').text(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/mingpao/index.tsx b/lib/routes/mingpao/index.tsx
index 79ee66cfa1..391c00f33b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mingpao/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/mingpao/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ const fixFancybox = (element, $) => {
     const url = new URL($e.attr('href'));
     let video;
     if (url.hostname === 'videop.mingpao.com') {
-        video = new URL(url.searchParams.get('file'));
+        video = new URL(url.searchParams.get('file')!);
         video.hostname = 'cfrvideo.mingpao.com'; // use cloudflare cdn
         video = video.href;
     }
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(link);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link, {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!, {
                     headers: {
                         Referer: 'https://news.mingpao.com/',
                     },
@@ -172,8 +172,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 delete item.isoDate;
 
                 item.description = renderDesc(fancybox, $('.txt4').html() ?? $('.article_content.line_1_5em').html() ?? $('.txt3').html());
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate);
-                item.guid = item.link.includes('?') ? item.link : item.link.slice(0, item.link.lastIndexOf('/'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(item.pubDate!) as unknown as string;
+                item.guid = item.link!.includes('?') ? item.link : item.link!.slice(0, item.link!.lastIndexOf('/'));
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -181,11 +181,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
-        item: items,
-        image: feed.image.url,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
+        image: feed.image!.url,
         language: feed.language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/miniflux/entry.ts b/lib/routes/miniflux/entry.ts
index 10be707b65..525d60125c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/miniflux/entry.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/miniflux/entry.ts
@@ -127,17 +127,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         return item;
     }
 
-    const entriesID = [];
-    const feedsName = [];
+    const entriesID: any[] = [];
+    const feedsName: any[] = [];
     const articles: DataItem[] = [];
 
     // MiniFlux will only preserve the *first* valid filter option
     // for each parameter, in order to matching the default behavior
     // here we use arrays to track the setting for `limit`,
     // `mark` and `feed_name`.
-    const setLimit = [];
-    const setMark = [];
-    const setFeedName = [];
+    const setLimit: number[] = [];
+    const setMark: number[] = [];
+    const setFeedName: number[] = [];
 
     const feeds = ctx.req.param('feeds');
 
@@ -161,14 +161,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
         if (limit && queryLimit) {
             if (limit >= queryLimit) {
-                const eachLimit = Number.parseInt(queryLimit / feedsList.length);
+                const eachLimit = Number.parseInt(String(queryLimit / feedsList.length));
                 limit = eachLimit || 1;
             }
             parameters += `&limit=${limit}`;
         } else if (limit) {
             parameters += `&limit=${limit}`;
         } else if (queryLimit) {
-            const eachLimit = Number.parseInt(queryLimit / feedsList.length);
+            const eachLimit = Number.parseInt(String(queryLimit / feedsList.length));
             limit = eachLimit || 1;
             parameters += `&limit=${limit}`;
         }
diff --git a/lib/routes/miniflux/subscription.ts b/lib/routes/miniflux/subscription.ts
index 6e04aedd52..4643809228 100644
--- a/lib/routes/miniflux/subscription.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/miniflux/subscription.ts
@@ -75,9 +75,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         headers: { 'X-Auth-Token': token },
     });
 
-    const subscription = [];
-    const categories = [];
-    const feeds = [];
+    const subscription: any[] = [];
+    const categories: any[] = [];
+    const feeds: any[] = [];
     const feedsList = response.data;
 
     const parameters = ctx.req
diff --git a/lib/routes/missav/new.tsx b/lib/routes/missav/new.tsx
index 646ca3670f..f61e15758e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/missav/new.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/missav/new.tsx
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ async function handler() {
         .map((item) => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const title = $item.find('.text-secondary');
-            const poster = new URL($item.find('img').data('src'));
+            const poster = new URL($item.find('img').data('src') as string);
             poster.searchParams.set('class', 'normal');
-            const video = $item.find('video').data('src');
+            const video = $item.find('video').data('src') as string;
             return {
                 title: title.text().trim(),
                 link: title.attr('href'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/miui/community/user.ts b/lib/routes/miui/community/user.ts
index bde88b29da..735a814e21 100644
--- a/lib/routes/miui/community/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/miui/community/user.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
             link: userLink,
             description: `${authorName} 的发帖`,
             item: items,
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN',
         };
     }
     throw new Error(data.message);
diff --git a/lib/routes/mixi2/community.ts b/lib/routes/mixi2/community.ts
index 3113186f6e..f14accde8e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mixi2/community.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mixi2/community.ts
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ const handler = async (ctx: Context) => {
 
     const [communityInfo, postsData] = await Promise.all([
         client.getCommunity({
-            communityId,
+            communityId: communityId!,
         }),
         client.getCommunityTimeline({
-            communityId,
+            communityId: communityId!,
             limit,
             mediaOnly,
         }),
diff --git a/lib/routes/mixi2/user.ts b/lib/routes/mixi2/user.ts
index a9cc3aa388..eff9a1a4f0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mixi2/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mixi2/user.ts
@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ const handler = async (ctx: Context) => {
     const name = ctx.req.param('name');
     const mediaOnly = ctx.req.param('media') === 'media';
 
-    if (!name.startsWith('@')) {
+    if (!name!.startsWith('@')) {
         throw new InvalidParameterError('ユーザー名は@で始まる必要があります');
     }
 
     const client = getClient();
 
     const userInfo = await client.getPersonaByName({
-        name: name.slice(1),
+        name: name!.slice(1),
     });
 
     const persona = userInfo.persona;
diff --git a/lib/routes/modb/topic.ts b/lib/routes/modb/topic.ts
index 91f029b7cb..7485873cd5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/modb/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/modb/topic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         },
     });
     const list = response.list.map((item) => {
-        let doc = {};
+        let doc: { title?: DataItem['title']; createdByName?: string; tags?: string[] } = {};
         let baseLink = {};
         switch (item.type) {
             case 0:
diff --git a/lib/routes/modelscope/community.tsx b/lib/routes/modelscope/community.tsx
index 4a7a5314a8..256ef0137e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/modelscope/community.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/modelscope/community.tsx
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const initialData = JSON.parse(
                     $('script')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=\s*(\{.*?\});/)[1]
+                        .match(/window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=\s*(\{.*?\});/)![1]
                 );
 
                 item.description = renderDescription(item.thumb, item.description, initialData.pageData.detail.ext.content);
diff --git a/lib/routes/modian/zhongchou.ts b/lib/routes/modian/zhongchou.ts
index 42f6099962..36f3dc0d67 100644
--- a/lib/routes/modian/zhongchou.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/modian/zhongchou.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -64,18 +64,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.pro_title')
         .slice(0, 12)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).parent();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).parent();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const startTime = detailResponse.data.match(/realtime_sync\.pro_time\('(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})', '\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}'\);/);
 
-                item.pubDate = startTime === null ? Date.parse(content('.start-time h3').text() || content('h3[start_time]').attr('start_time')) : Date.parse(startTime[1]);
+                item.pubDate = startTime === null ? Date.parse((content('.start-time h3').text() || content('h3[start_time]').attr('start_time'))!) : Date.parse(startTime[1]);
 
                 item.author = content('span[data-nickname]').text();
                 item.description = `<img src="${content('#big_logo').attr('src')}"><br>` + content('.center-top').html() + content('#my_back_info').html() + content('#cont_match_htmlstr').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/mohw/clarification.ts b/lib/routes/mohw/clarification.ts
index 3152fb69c4..e3b565c257 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mohw/clarification.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mohw/clarification.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,18 +42,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     let items = $('.list01 a[title]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.description = content('article').html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="DC.Date"]').attr('datetime'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="DC.Date"]').attr('datetime')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/mox/index.ts b/lib/routes/mox/index.ts
index 9a99a07b68..d341d538f0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mox/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mox/index.ts
@@ -80,32 +80,31 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     if (cookie) {
         items = await Promise.all(
-            items.map(
-                (item) =>
-                    cache.tryGet(item.guid!, async () => {
-                        const detailResponse = await got({
-                            method: 'get',
-                            url: item.link,
-                            headers: {
-                                cookie,
-                            },
-                        });
+            items.map((item) =>
+                cache.tryGet(item.guid!, async () => {
+                    const detailResponse = await got({
+                        method: 'get',
+                        url: item.link,
+                        headers: {
+                            cookie,
+                        },
+                    });
 
-                        const content = load(detailResponse.data);
+                    const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                        item.author = content('.author .text_bglight font a')
-                            .toArray()
-                            .map((i) => $(i).text())
-                            .filter(Boolean)
-                            .join('、');
+                    item.author = content('.author .text_bglight font a')
+                        .toArray()
+                        .map((i) => $(i).text())
+                        .filter(Boolean)
+                        .join('、');
 
-                        const infoBlock = content('.author .text_bglight').toArray();
+                    const infoBlock = content('.author .text_bglight').toArray();
 
-                        const desc = detailResponse.data?.match(/document\.getElementById\("div_desc_content"\)\.innerHTML = "(.*?)";/s)?.[1] ?? '';
-                        item.description = `<img src="${content('.img_book').attr('src')}"><br>${infoBlock.map((i) => $(i).html()).join('<br>')}<br>${desc}`;
+                    const desc = detailResponse.data?.match(/document\.getElementById\("div_desc_content"\)\.innerHTML = "(.*?)";/s)?.[1] ?? '';
+                    item.description = `<img src="${content('.img_book').attr('src')}"><br>${infoBlock.map((i) => $(i).html()).join('<br>')}<br>${desc}`;
 
-                        return item;
-                    }) as unknown as DataItem
+                    return item;
+                })
             )
         );
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/mpaypass/main.ts b/lib/routes/mpaypass/main.ts
index e562db857a..4480e04aed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mpaypass/main.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mpaypass/main.ts
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((info) =>
-            cache.tryGet(info.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(info.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(info.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 const newsbody = $('div.newsbody').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/mpaypass/news.ts b/lib/routes/mpaypass/news.ts
index 25fd42a807..efed645497 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mpaypass/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mpaypass/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title: '新闻 - 移动支付网',
         link,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: await Promise.all(
             $list('.Newslist-li')
                 .toArray()
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     const title = $a.text();
                     const date = $el.find('.Newslist-time span').text();
 
-                    return cache.tryGet(href, async () => {
+                    return cache.tryGet(href!, async () => {
                         const contentData = await got.get(href);
                         const $content = load(contentData.data);
                         const description = $content('.newslist-body').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/mrm/index.ts b/lib/routes/mrm/index.ts
index 0b8b8b12d4..18b6cacaec 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mrm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mrm/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,19 +36,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('#datalist_wap .li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.d').text(), 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.d').text(), 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/musify/index.ts b/lib/routes/musify/index.ts
index b11fc17dc3..68c5eb6988 100644
--- a/lib/routes/musify/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/musify/index.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('div.playlist__item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const artist: string | undefined = $el.attr('data-artist');
diff --git a/lib/routes/musikguru/news.ts b/lib/routes/musikguru/news.ts
index e581b431cf..740ad7489e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/musikguru/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/musikguru/news.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         .find('div.card')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('h5.card-title').text();
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('div.article h1').text();
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr, 'DD.MM.YYYY HH:mm'), 1) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.navbar-brand img').attr('src') ? new URL($('a.navbar-brand img').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: $('a.navbar-brand img').attr('alt'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/mwm/index.ts b/lib/routes/mwm/index.ts
index a3747b47c3..ef82e51b6b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mwm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mwm/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,18 +48,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.n_title, .con1_text')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/mycard520/news.ts b/lib/routes/mycard520/news.ts
index 0907135854..6907f06192 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mycard520/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mycard520/news.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div#tab1 ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a');
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
                     const $$pageBox: Cheerio<Element> = $$('div.page_box');
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description ?? '',
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.logo img').attr('src'),
         author: $('title').text().split(/-/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/mydrivers/cid.ts b/lib/routes/mydrivers/cid.ts
index 8ca4e96dfa..a7e23f6806 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mydrivers/cid.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mydrivers/cid.ts
@@ -211,13 +211,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(rssUrl);
 
     let items = feed.items.slice(0, limit).map((item) => ({
-        title: item.title,
+        title: item.title!,
         link: item.link,
         description: item.content,
         author: item.creator,
         category: item.categories,
-        guid: item.guid.match(/\/(\d+)\.htm/)[1],
-        pubDate: parseDate(item.isoDate),
+        guid: item.guid!.match(/\/(\d+)\.htm/)![1],
+        pubDate: parseDate(item.isoDate!),
     }));
 
     if (id) {
@@ -228,6 +228,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         ...(await getInfo(currentUrl)),
 
         item: items,
-        title: `${title} - ${feed.title.split(/_/).pop() || categories.zhibo}`,
+        title: `${title} - ${feed.title!.split(/_/).pop() || categories.zhibo}`,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/mydrivers/index.tsx b/lib/routes/mydrivers/index.tsx
index 117a368c97..acb7fc8ae3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mydrivers/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/mydrivers/index.tsx
@@ -73,24 +73,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('div.news_title').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('div.news_title span.newst a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('div.news_title').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('div.news_title span.newst a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 description: renderToString(
                     <>
-                        {item.find('a.newsimg img').prop('src') ? (
+                        {$item.find('a.newsimg img').prop('src') ? (
                             <figure>
-                                <img src={item.find('a.newsimg img').prop('src')} />
+                                <img src={$item.find('a.newsimg img').prop('src')} />
                             </figure>
                         ) : null}
                     </>
                 ),
-                author: item.find('p.tname').text(),
-                guid: item.prop('data-id'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('p.ttime').text()), 8),
-                comments: item.find('a.tpinglun').text() ? Number(item.find('a.tpinglun').text()) : 0,
+                author: $item.find('p.tname').text(),
+                guid: $item.prop('data-id'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('p.ttime').text()), 8),
+                comments: $item.find('a.tpinglun').text() ? Number($item.find('a.tpinglun').text()) : 0,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/mydrivers/rank.ts b/lib/routes/mydrivers/rank.ts
index 6e4d09825c..fdc95a8786 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mydrivers/rank.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mydrivers/rank.ts
@@ -47,17 +47,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('a')
         .toArray()
-        .filter((item) => /\/\d+\.html?/.test($(item).prop('href')))
+        .filter((item) => /\/\d+\.html?/.test($(item).prop('href')!))
         .slice(0, limit)
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.prop('href');
+            const link = $item.prop('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(link, rootUrl).href,
-                guid: link.match(/\/(\d+)\.html?/)[1],
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL(link!, rootUrl).href,
+                guid: link!.match(/\/(\d+)\.html?/)![1],
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/mydrivers/util.ts b/lib/routes/mydrivers/util.ts
index 0f2bfa3749..c63780564e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mydrivers/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mydrivers/util.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { Language } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ const categories = {
  */
 const convertToQueryString = (path) => {
     const parts = path.split('/');
-    const queryStringParams = [];
+    const queryStringParams: string[] = [];
 
     for (let i = 0; i < parts.length; i += 2) {
         const key = parts[i];
@@ -44,13 +45,13 @@ const convertToQueryString = (path) => {
  * @param {number|undefined} [range] - The index value of the range (optional).
  * @returns {Promise<Object>} - A promise that resolves to an object containing the retrieved information.
  */
-const getInfo = (url, range) =>
+const getInfo = (url, range?) =>
     cache.tryGet(url, async () => {
         const { data: response } = await got(url);
 
         const $ = load(response);
 
-        const icon = new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+        const icon = new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
         const image = `https:${$('div.logo a img').prop('src')}`;
         const ranges = $('div.hottime a')
             .toArray()
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ const getInfo = (url, range) =>
             title: `${title} - ${range !== undefined && ranges ? ranges[range] : $(`a[data-id="${url.split(/=/).pop()}"]`).text() || $('#newsEventSwitch a.cur').text()}`,
             link: url,
             description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
             image,
             icon,
             logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/myfans/post.tsx b/lib/routes/myfans/post.tsx
index 707dd9a634..7c01c5708a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/myfans/post.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/myfans/post.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
 import { baseUrl, getPostByAccountId, showByUsername } from './utils';
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const posts = await getPostByAccountId(account.id);
 
     const items = posts.map((p) => ({
-        title: p.body?.replaceAll('\r\n', ' ').trim().split(' ', 1)[0],
-        description: renderDescription(p.post_images, p.body?.replaceAll('\r\n', '<br>')),
+        title: p.body?.replaceAll('\r\n', ' ').trim().split(' ', 1)[0]!,
+        description: renderDescription(p.post_images, p.body!.replaceAll('\r\n', '<br>')),
         pubDate: parseDate(p.published_at),
         link: `${baseUrl}/posts/${p.id}`,
         author: p.user.name,
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ Followers ${account.followings_count} Follow ${account.about.replaceAll('\r\n',
         image: account.avatar_url,
         icon: account.avatar_url,
         logo: account.avatar_url,
-        language: 'ja-JP',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/myfigurecollection/activity.tsx b/lib/routes/myfigurecollection/activity.tsx
index b9759c5abd..626f7d637f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/myfigurecollection/activity.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/myfigurecollection/activity.tsx
@@ -89,22 +89,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.activity-wrapper')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: `${item.find('.activity-label').text().split(' • ', 1)[0]}: ${item.find('.stamp-anchor').text()}`,
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.find('.stamp-anchor .tbx-tooltip').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.activity-time span').attr('title')), 0),
-                author: item.find('.user-anchor').text(),
+                title: `${$item.find('.activity-label').text().split(' • ', 1)[0]}: ${$item.find('.stamp-anchor').text()}`,
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.find('.stamp-anchor .tbx-tooltip').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.activity-time span').attr('title')!), 0),
+                author: $item.find('.user-anchor').text(),
                 description: renderDescription(
-                    item.find('.changelog').text(),
-                    item
+                    $item.find('.changelog').text(),
+                    $item
                         .find('.picture-icon')
                         .toArray()
                         .map((image) =>
                             $(image)
-                                .html()
-                                .match(/url\((.*)\)/)[1]
+                                .html()!
+                                .match(/url\((.*)\)/)![1]
                                 .replace(/\/thumbnails/, '')
                         )
                 ),
diff --git a/lib/routes/myfigurecollection/index.tsx b/lib/routes/myfigurecollection/index.tsx
index 8188ee6232..f96134d8bb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/myfigurecollection/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/myfigurecollection/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { isValidHost } from '@/utils/valid-host';
@@ -60,19 +60,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.item-icon, .picture-icon')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 25)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).find('a');
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href')!;
 
             return {
                 link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
@@ -82,9 +83,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                     item.title = content('.headline').text();
-                    const pictures = /myfigurecollection\.net\/picture\//.test(item.link)
+                    const pictures = /myfigurecollection\.net\/picture\//.test(item.link!)
                         ? [{ src: content('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content') }]
-                        : JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent(content('meta[name="pictures"]').attr('content')));
+                        : JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent(content('meta[name="pictures"]').attr('content')!));
                     item.description = renderDescription(
                         pictures,
                         content('.form-field')
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                             }))
                     );
                 } catch {
-                    item.title = `Item #${item.link.split('/').pop()}`;
+                    item.title = `Item #${item.link!.split('/').pop()}`;
                 }
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/mysql/release.ts b/lib/routes/mysql/release.ts
index 10b2791702..41b7a48f7d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mysql/release.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mysql/release.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -44,18 +44,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('dt span a')
         .slice(1, -1)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${currentUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${currentUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nankai/ai-notice.ts b/lib/routes/nankai/ai-notice.ts
index 0c5d70b22d..f2c417ba63 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nankai/ai-notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nankai/ai-notice.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
             // 源链接
             link: `${baseUrl}/xwzx/${type}.htm`,
             // 源文章
-            item: items,
+            item: items as DataItem[],
         };
     },
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/nankai/cc-notice.ts b/lib/routes/nankai/cc-notice.ts
index d208caa841..71cc860924 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nankai/cc-notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nankai/cc-notice.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const list = $('#wp_news_w49 table tr')
             .slice(1) // 跳过表头
             .toArray()
-            .map((tr) => {
+            .map((tr): DataItem | null => {
                 const $tr = $(tr);
                 const cells = $tr.find('td');
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const items = await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
                 item
-                    ? cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                    ? cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                           try {
                               const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                               const $ = load(response);
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
             // 源链接
             link: `${baseUrl}/${type}/list.htm`,
             // 源文章
-            item: items,
+            item: items as DataItem[],
         };
     },
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/nankai/graduate-notice.ts b/lib/routes/nankai/graduate-notice.ts
index 4eb7d7bd98..f85b6a6cc6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nankai/graduate-notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nankai/graduate-notice.ts
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
                 const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(dateStr, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
 
                 return {
-                    title,
+                    title: title!,
                     link,
                     pubDate,
                     author: '研究生院',
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
                         });
                     }
 
-                    item.description = $description.html() || item.title;
+                    item.description = ($description.html() || item.title)!;
                     return item;
                 })
             )
diff --git a/lib/routes/nankai/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/nankai/jwc.ts
index 0467f0f12f..dc583e32fc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nankai/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nankai/jwc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         // 解析列表页面中的所有通知项
         const list = $('.page-con-list-news .item')
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
+            .map((item): DataItem => {
                 const $item = $(item);
                 const $link = $item.find('.t a');
                 const $dateDay = $item.find('.d .d-d');
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         // 获取每个通知的详细内容
         const items = await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     try {
                         const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                         const $ = load(response);
diff --git a/lib/routes/nankai/notice.ts b/lib/routes/nankai/notice.ts
index ee1ea2cc27..2361b6e843 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nankai/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nankai/notice.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
         const list = $('ul.newslist li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
+            .map((item): DataItem => {
                 const $item = $(item);
                 const $time = $item.find('.time');
                 const day = $time.find('.time-d').text();
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
         const items = await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     // 判断link如果是https://xb.nankai.edu.cn/的则为校内访问的
-                    if (item.link.includes('xb.nankai.edu.cn')) {
+                    if (item.link!.includes('xb.nankai.edu.cn')) {
                         item.description = '该通知可能需要校内访问权限';
                     } else {
                         const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
diff --git a/lib/routes/nankai/yzb.ts b/lib/routes/nankai/yzb.ts
index 5b5125bcea..047efad15d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nankai/yzb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nankai/yzb.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const list = $('#wp_news_w9')
             .find('a[title]')
             .toArray()
-            .map((element, index) => {
+            .map((element, index): DataItem => {
                 const $a = $(element);
                 let linkStr = $a.attr('href') || '';
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
         const items = await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link.toString(), async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!.toString(), async () => {
                     const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response);
                     item.description = $('.read').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/natgeo/dailyphoto.tsx b/lib/routes/natgeo/dailyphoto.tsx
index 9357400224..1ef52ce79f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/natgeo/dailyphoto.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/natgeo/dailyphoto.tsx
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const response = await cache.tryGet(apiUrl, async () => (await got(apiUrl)).data, config.cache.contentExpire, false);
     const $ = load(response);
 
-    const natgeo = JSON.parse($.html().match(/window\['__natgeo__'\]=(.*);/)[1]);
+    const natgeo = JSON.parse($.html().match(/window\['__natgeo__'\]=(.*);/)![1]);
     const media = natgeo.page.content.mediaspotlight.frms[0].mods[0].edgs[1].media;
 
     const items = media.map((item) => ({
diff --git a/lib/routes/natgeo/dailyselection.ts b/lib/routes/natgeo/dailyselection.ts
index bd4aace630..7d44998cc0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/natgeo/dailyselection.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/natgeo/dailyselection.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const api = 'http://dili.bdatu.com/jiekou/albums/a' + sort + '.html';
     const response = await got(api);
     const items = response.data.picture;
-    const out = [];
+    const out: any[] = [];
 
     items.map((item) => {
         const info = {
diff --git a/lib/routes/nationalgeographic/latest-stories.tsx b/lib/routes/nationalgeographic/latest-stories.tsx
index c3ba067ce4..f7b7e86da6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nationalgeographic/latest-stories.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nationalgeographic/latest-stories.tsx
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ async function handler() {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content'),
+        title: $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content')!,
         link: currentUrl,
         item: items.filter((item) => item !== null),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/naturalism/new.ts b/lib/routes/naturalism/new.ts
index 4a1c5ccc11..3450454988 100644
--- a/lib/routes/naturalism/new.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/naturalism/new.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -26,18 +26,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.view-what-s-new .field-content a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((element) => {
+        .map((element): DataItem => {
             const a = $(element);
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 const content = $('#content');
diff --git a/lib/routes/nature/news.ts b/lib/routes/nature/news.ts
index 73a4533c58..9d0946e785 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nature/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nature/news.ts
@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ async function handler() {
     let items = $('.c-article-item__content')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3').text(),
-                link: baseUrl + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.c-article-item__date').text()),
+                title: $item.find('h3').text(),
+                link: baseUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.c-article-item__date').text()),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/nature/siteindex.ts b/lib/routes/nature/siteindex.ts
index 0666710d27..06393a89b0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nature/siteindex.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nature/siteindex.ts
@@ -31,15 +31,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('li[class^="grid mq640-grid-12"]')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('href').replaceAll('/', ''),
-                name: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: baseUrl + item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('href')!.replaceAll('/', ''),
+                name: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: baseUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
-    items = await Promise.all(
+    items = (await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(`nature:siteindex:${item.title}`, async () => {
                 try {
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
             })
         )
-    );
+    )) as typeof items;
 
     ctx.set('json', {
         items,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nature/utils.ts b/lib/routes/nature/utils.ts
index f30ada7aab..40d9dfa50a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nature/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nature/utils.ts
@@ -9,33 +9,33 @@ const baseUrl = 'https://www.nature.com';
 
 const fixFigure = (html) => {
     html('picture source').each((_, i) => {
-        i = html(i);
+        const $i = html(i);
         if (
-            i.attr('srcset') &&
-            (i.attr('srcset').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/lw685/') ||
-                i.attr('srcset').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/m312/') ||
-                i.attr('srcset').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/relative-r300-703_m1050/') ||
-                i.attr('srcset').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/w300/'))
+            $i.attr('srcset') &&
+            ($i.attr('srcset').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/lw685/') ||
+                $i.attr('srcset').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/m312/') ||
+                $i.attr('srcset').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/relative-r300-703_m1050/') ||
+                $i.attr('srcset').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/w300/'))
         ) {
-            i.attr('srcset', i.attr('srcset').replace('//media.springernature.com/lw685/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
-            i.attr('srcset', i.attr('srcset').replace('//media.springernature.com/m312/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
-            i.attr('srcset', i.attr('srcset').replace('//media.springernature.com/relative-r300-703_m1050/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
-            i.attr('srcset', i.attr('srcset').replace('//media.springernature.com/w300/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
+            $i.attr('srcset', $i.attr('srcset').replace('//media.springernature.com/lw685/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
+            $i.attr('srcset', $i.attr('srcset').replace('//media.springernature.com/m312/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
+            $i.attr('srcset', $i.attr('srcset').replace('//media.springernature.com/relative-r300-703_m1050/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
+            $i.attr('srcset', $i.attr('srcset').replace('//media.springernature.com/w300/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
         }
     });
     html('img').each((_, i) => {
-        i = html(i);
+        const $i = html(i);
         if (
-            i.attr('src') &&
-            (i.attr('src').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/lw685/') ||
-                i.attr('src').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/m312/') ||
-                i.attr('src').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/relative-r300-703_m1050/') ||
-                i.attr('src').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/w300/'))
+            $i.attr('src') &&
+            ($i.attr('src').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/lw685/') ||
+                $i.attr('src').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/m312/') ||
+                $i.attr('src').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/relative-r300-703_m1050/') ||
+                $i.attr('src').startsWith('//media.springernature.com/w300/'))
         ) {
-            i.attr('src', i.attr('src').replace('//media.springernature.com/lw685/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
-            i.attr('src', i.attr('src').replace('//media.springernature.com/m312/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
-            i.attr('src', i.attr('src').replace('//media.springernature.com/relative-r300-703_m1050/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
-            i.attr('src', i.attr('src').replace('//media.springernature.com/w300/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
+            $i.attr('src', $i.attr('src').replace('//media.springernature.com/lw685/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
+            $i.attr('src', $i.attr('src').replace('//media.springernature.com/m312/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
+            $i.attr('src', $i.attr('src').replace('//media.springernature.com/relative-r300-703_m1050/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
+            $i.attr('src', $i.attr('src').replace('//media.springernature.com/w300/', '//media.springernature.com/full/'));
         }
     });
 };
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ const getArticleList = (html) =>
     html('.app-article-list-row__item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = html(item);
+            const $item = html(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: baseUrl + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.c-meta time').attr('datetime'), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: baseUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.c-meta time').attr('datetime'), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ const getArticle = (item) =>
             item.author = meta.content.contentInfo.authors.join(', ');
             item.pubDate = parseDate(meta.content.contentInfo.publishedAt, 'X') || item.pubDate;
         } else {
-            const meta = JSON.parse($('script[type="application/ld+json"]').html());
+            const meta = JSON.parse($('script[type="application/ld+json"]').html() ?? '');
             const freeAccess = meta.mainEntity.isAccessibleForFree;
             let description;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/nautil/topics.tsx b/lib/routes/nautil/topics.tsx
index 635afdcaa7..bf975d0566 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nautil/topics.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nautil/topics.tsx
@@ -61,11 +61,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         $('.primis-ad, .article-ad, .editorskit-no-mobile').remove();
         // lazyload images
         $('img').each((_, e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            e.attr('src', e.attr('data-src') ?? e.attr('srcset'));
-            e.attr('src', e.attr('src').split('?', 1)[0]);
-            e.removeAttr('data-src');
-            e.removeAttr('srcset');
+            const $e = $(e);
+            $e.attr('src', $e.attr('data-src') ?? $e.attr('srcset'));
+            $e.attr('src', $e.attr('src')!.split('?', 1)[0]);
+            $e.removeAttr('data-src');
+            $e.removeAttr('srcset');
         });
         return {
             title: item.title.rendered,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nautiljon/manga-releases.ts b/lib/routes/nautiljon/manga-releases.ts
index 0a7d65a3c7..4f046beaf0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nautiljon/manga-releases.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nautiljon/manga-releases.ts
@@ -50,18 +50,18 @@ async function handler() {
         .toArray()
         .filter((item) => isVolumeReleased($(item).find('td').first().text()));
     const items = list.map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const releaseDate = item.find('td').first().text();
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const releaseDate = $item.find('td').first().text();
 
-        const a = item.find('td.p_titre').find('a.sim').first();
-        const img = item.find('td:nth-child(2) a').first();
+        const a = $item.find('td.p_titre').find('a.sim').first();
+        const img = $item.find('td:nth-child(2) a').first();
 
         return {
             title: a.text(),
             link: `${host}${a.attr('href')}`,
             pubDate: parseDate(releaseDate, 'DD/MM/YYYY'),
             image: `${host}${img.attr('im')}`,
-            category: item.find('td.p_titre div.fl').first().text(),
+            category: $item.find('td.p_titre div.fl').first().text(),
         };
     });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/naver/search.ts b/lib/routes/naver/search.ts
index b3fd8bfdfe..6b33a158a0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/naver/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/naver/search.ts
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ function extractItems(response: string, templateId: string) {
     return segments
         .slice(0, -1)
         .map((segment) => (templateId === 'videoItem' ? extractVideoItem(segment) : extractGenericItem(segment, templateId)))
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[];
 }
 
 function extractVideoItem(segment: string) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/nbd/daily.ts b/lib/routes/nbd/daily.ts
index 325b645e3d..d02c43d6d3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nbd/daily.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nbd/daily.ts
@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 function handler(ctx) {
-    ctx.set('redirect', '/nbd/332');
+    return ctx.set('redirect', '/nbd/332');
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nbd/index.ts b/lib/routes/nbd/index.ts
index 545b60b8f6..57bf80ff9d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nbd/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nbd/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,18 +48,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.u-news-title a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nber/common.tsx b/lib/routes/nber/common.tsx
index fc13f67481..61f5c35a02 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nber/common.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nber/common.tsx
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                     return {
                         title: article.title,
                         author: $('meta[name="dcterms.creator"]').attr('content'),
-                        pubDate: parseDate($('meta[name="citation_publication_date"]').attr('content'), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                        pubDate: parseDate($('meta[name="citation_publication_date"]').attr('content')!, 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
                         link,
                         doi: $('meta[name="citation_doi"]').attr('content'),
                         description: renderToString(
diff --git a/lib/routes/ncc-cma/cmdp.tsx b/lib/routes/ncc-cma/cmdp.tsx
index d3107f9963..b92676d618 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ncc-cma/cmdp.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/ncc-cma/cmdp.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     const limit = ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30;
 
     const ids = id?.split(/\//) ?? [];
-    const titles = [];
+    const titles: string[] = [];
 
     const rootUrl = 'http://cmdp.ncc-cma.net';
     const currentUrl = new URL('cn/index.htm', rootUrl).href;
@@ -23,18 +23,18 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     const $ = load(iconv.decode(response, 'gbk'));
 
     const author = '国家气候中心';
-    const language = 'zh';
+    const language = 'zh' as Language;
 
     const items = $('ul.img-con-new-con li img[id]')
         .toArray()
         .filter((item) => ids.length === 0 || ids.includes($(item).prop('id')))
         .slice(0, limit)
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const id = item.prop('id');
+            const id = $item.prop('id');
             const title = $(`li[data-id="${id}"]`).text() || undefined;
-            const image = new URL(item.prop('src'), currentUrl).href;
+            const image = new URL($item.prop('src')!, currentUrl).href;
             const date =
                 image
                     .match(/_(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})_/)
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 description,
                 pubDate: parseDate(date),
                 link: currentUrl,
-                category: [title],
+                category: [title!],
                 author,
                 guid,
                 id: guid,
diff --git a/lib/routes/ncepu/master/masterinfo.ts b/lib/routes/ncepu/master/masterinfo.ts
index a7493d723e..b3ccf224fd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ncepu/master/masterinfo.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ncepu/master/masterinfo.ts
@@ -52,18 +52,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.articleList ul li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             // 单篇文章块的信息，其中文字部分是标题，属性是文章链接
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             // 发表日期
-            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text().replace('[', '').replace(']', '')), 8);
+            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text().replace('[', '').replace(']', '')), 8);
             // 相对地址转化为绝对地址
             const url_head = `https://yjsy.ncepu.edu.cn/${url_map[type]}/`;
             const url_part = a.attr('href');
             const url = url_head + url_part;
             // 返回格式化数据
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 link: url,
                 pubDate,
             };
@@ -74,12 +74,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const itemData = await cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => (await got(item.link)).data);
             const content = load(itemData);
 
-            const articleAuthor = content('.articleAuthor').html().replace('作者：&nbsp;&nbsp;', '').replace('来源：&nbsp;&nbsp;', '');
+            const articleAuthor = content('.articleAuthor').html()!.replace('作者：&nbsp;&nbsp;', '').replace('来源：&nbsp;&nbsp;', '');
             const eDescription = content('.article').html();
             const files = content('.Annex').html() || '';
 
             const single = {
-                title: item.title,
+                title: item.title!,
                 link: item.link,
                 description: articleAuthor + eDescription + files,
                 pubDate: item.pubDate,
diff --git a/lib/routes/ncwu/notice.ts b/lib/routes/ncwu/notice.ts
index e66bcb2920..d068996632 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ncwu/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ncwu/notice.ts
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('div.news-item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: '「' + item.find('a.dw').text() + '」' + item.find('a.dw').next().text(),
-                description: item.find('div.detail').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.month').text() + '-' + item.find('div.day').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
-                link: item.find('a.dw').next().attr('href'),
+                title: '「' + $item.find('a.dw').text() + '」' + $item.find('a.dw').next().text(),
+                description: $item.find('div.detail').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.month').text() + '-' + $item.find('div.day').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                link: $item.find('a.dw').next().attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ndss-symposium/ndss.ts b/lib/routes/ndss-symposium/ndss.ts
index 147b59e809..fc4889a243 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ndss-symposium/ndss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ndss-symposium/ndss.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ async function handler() {
 
             const divMatch = $('div h3')
                 .toArray()
-                .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
-                    const title = item.text().trim();
+                .map((item): DataItem => {
+                    const $item = $(item);
+                    const title = $item.text().trim();
                     return {
                         title,
-                        author: item.siblings().text().trim().replaceAll('\n', '').replaceAll(/\s+/g, ' '),
-                        link: item.siblings('a').attr('href'),
+                        author: $item.siblings().text().trim().replaceAll('\n', '').replaceAll(/\s+/g, ' '),
+                        link: $item.siblings('a').attr('href'),
                         pubDate,
                     };
                 });
@@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ async function handler() {
             const pMatch = $('p strong')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
-                    const title = item.text().trim();
+                    const $item = $(item);
+                    const title = $item.text().trim();
                     return {
                         title,
-                        author: item
+                        author: $item
                             .parent()
                             .contents()
                             .filter((_, e) => e.nodeType === 3)
diff --git a/lib/routes/neatdownloadmanager/download.ts b/lib/routes/neatdownloadmanager/download.ts
index 5e6575b77a..1f0b88af64 100644
--- a/lib/routes/neatdownloadmanager/download.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/neatdownloadmanager/download.ts
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.p1')
         .toArray()
         .filter((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const isMacOS = item.text().startsWith('dmg');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const isMacOS = $item.text().startsWith('dmg');
 
             if (os !== '') {
                 return os === 'macos' ? isMacOS : !isMacOS;
@@ -53,14 +53,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return true;
         })
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const text = item.text();
-            const version = text.match(/\(ver (.*?)\)/)[1];
+            const text = $item.text();
+            const version = text.match(/\(ver (.*?)\)/)![1];
 
             return {
                 title: `[${text.startsWith('dmg') ? 'macOS' : 'Windows'}] ${text}`,
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.prev().find('a').attr('href')}#${version}`,
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.prev().find('a').attr('href')}#${version}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/neea/jlpt.ts b/lib/routes/neea/jlpt.ts
index e676394d0a..6e65724d83 100644
--- a/lib/routes/neea/jlpt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/neea/jlpt.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.indexcontent a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.text();
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? parseDate(pubDateStr) : undefined,
                 link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, baseUrl).href : undefined,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.dvTitle').text();
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.header img').attr('arc') ? new URL($('div.header img').attr('arc') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: title.split(/-/, 1)[0],
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/nenu/sohac.ts b/lib/routes/nenu/sohac.ts
index 557d62fc5f..9d1ea69877 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nenu/sohac.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nenu/sohac.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,18 +38,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('span.data')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).prev();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).prev();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.pubDate = parseDate(
                     content('.sj')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)[1]
+                        .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)![1]
                 );
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/nenu/yjsy.ts b/lib/routes/nenu/yjsy.ts
index 8f6996f705..7d63e4a39b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nenu/yjsy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nenu/yjsy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,21 +38,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('a.tit')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link, rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (/yjsy\.nenu\.edu\.cn/.test(item.link)) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (/yjsy\.nenu\.edu\.cn/.test(item.link!)) {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
                         url: item.link,
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     item.pubDate = parseDate(
                         content('h3')
                             .text()
-                            .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)[1]
+                            .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)![1]
                     );
                 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/netflav/index.tsx b/lib/routes/netflav/index.tsx
index 93470c383b..1a68ee3d98 100644
--- a/lib/routes/netflav/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/netflav/index.tsx
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler() {
         link: `https://netflav.com/video?id=${item.videoId}`,
         pubDate: parseDate(item.sourceDate),
         author: [...new Set(item.actors.map((a) => a.replace(/^(\w{2}:)/, '')))].join(', '),
-        category: [...new Set(item.tags?.map((t) => t.replace(/^(\w{2}:)/, '')))],
+        category: [...new Set(item.tags?.map((t) => t.replace(/^(\w{2}:)/, '')))] as string[],
     }));
 
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/netflix/newsroom.ts b/lib/routes/netflix/newsroom.ts
index 05aee1d390..9150126e6d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/netflix/newsroom.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/netflix/newsroom.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ const render = (node) => {
         }
 
         case 'embedded-asset-block': {
-            const file = Object.values(node.data?.file)[0];
+            const file = Object.values<any>(node.data?.file)[0];
             if (!file || !file.url) {
                 return '';
             }
@@ -171,13 +171,13 @@ const render = (node) => {
             let innerHTML = '';
             if (node.data.display === 'carousel') {
                 for (const img of node.data.images) {
-                    const file = Object.values(img.file)[0];
+                    const file = Object.values<any>(img.file)[0];
                     const url = file.url.startsWith('//') ? 'https:' + file.url : file.url;
 
                     innerHTML += renderImage({
                         url,
-                        alt: Object.values(img.title)[0],
-                        caption: img.description ? Object.values(img.description)[0] : '',
+                        alt: Object.values(img.title)[0] as string,
+                        caption: img.description ? (Object.values(img.description)[0] as string) : '',
                     });
                 }
             }
@@ -222,18 +222,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         },
     });
 
-    const list = [...response.entities.region.regionArticles, ...response.entities.global.globalArticles].map((i) => ({
+    const list = [...response.entities.region.regionArticles, ...response.entities.global.globalArticles].map((i): DataItem & { slug: string } => ({
         title: i.title,
         link: `${baseUrl}/${region}/news/${i.slug}`,
         pubDate: parseDate(i.rawPublishedDate),
         category: [...new Set([...i.categories.map((category) => category.label), ...i.locations.map((location) => location.label)])],
-        image: i.heroImage?.url ? `https:${i.heroImage.url.replace('?w=2560', '')}` : null,
+        image: i.heroImage?.url ? `https:${i.heroImage.url.replace('?w=2560', '')}` : undefined,
         slug: i.slug,
     }));
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await ofetch('https://about.netflix.com/api/data/entity', {
                     query: {
                         language: region,
diff --git a/lib/routes/neu/bmie.ts b/lib/routes/neu/bmie.ts
index 46c70ce0e1..c88969da09 100644
--- a/lib/routes/neu/bmie.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/neu/bmie.ts
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     .find('div')
                     .each((_, el) => {
                         const temp = $(el).html();
-                        $(el).replaceWith(temp);
+                        $(el).replaceWith(temp as string);
                     });
                 $('.entry').find('a').remove();
                 $('.entry')
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const pubDate = parseDate(data.date);
             const author = data.author;
             const result = {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 description,
                 link: url,
                 pubDate,
diff --git a/lib/routes/neu/news.ts b/lib/routes/neu/news.ts
index 945ccd05a9..1f2ea1588b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/neu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/neu/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -57,18 +57,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = $('.column-news-list > .news_list > .news')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     const results = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const result = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(result.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/newrank/utils.ts b/lib/routes/newrank/utils.ts
index 9b1adaf837..5f5740d6e0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/newrank/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/newrank/utils.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ const decrypt_douyin_detail_xyz = (nonce) => {
 };
 
 const flatten = (arr) => {
-    const result = [];
+    const result: any[] = [];
     for (const val of arr) {
         if (Array.isArray(val)) {
             result.push(...flatten(val));
@@ -57,24 +57,24 @@ const flatten = (arr) => {
 
 function shouldUpdateCookie(forcedUpdate = false) {
     if (forcedUpdate) {
-        cache.set(query_count, 0);
+        cache.set(query_count, 0 as unknown as string);
     } else {
-        const count = cache.get(query_count);
+        const count = cache.get(query_count) as unknown as number | null;
         if (count) {
             if (count > max_query_count) {
-                cache.set(query_count, 0);
+                cache.set(query_count, 0 as unknown as string);
                 clearCookie();
             } else {
-                cache.set(query_count, count + 1);
+                cache.set(query_count, (count + 1) as unknown as string);
             }
         } else {
-            cache.set(query_count, 1);
+            cache.set(query_count, 1 as unknown as string);
         }
     }
 }
 
 function clearCookie() {
-    cache.set(newrank_cookie_token, null);
+    cache.set(newrank_cookie_token, '');
 }
 
 // 加了验证码失效了
@@ -82,8 +82,9 @@ async function getCookie() {
     // Check if this key should be replace? every 30 times should be fine.
     shouldUpdateCookie();
     let token = await cache.get(newrank_cookie_token);
-    const username = String(config.newrank.username);
-    const password = md5(md5(String(config.newrank.password)) + 'daddy');
+    const newrankConfig = config.newrank as any;
+    const username = String(newrankConfig.username);
+    const password = md5(md5(String(newrankConfig.password)) + 'daddy');
     const nonce = random_nonce(9);
     const xyz = decrypt_login_xyz(username, password, nonce);
     if (!token) {
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ async function getCookie() {
                 }
             }
         }
-        cache.set(newrank_cookie_token, token, 600);
+        cache.set(newrank_cookie_token, token ?? '', 600);
         // We have acquired new cookie. It may due to cache timeout.
         // Force update counter and don't wait it finished.
         shouldUpdateCookie(true);
diff --git a/lib/routes/newrank/wechat.ts b/lib/routes/newrank/wechat.ts
index 9704e6860d..0f4bf6563a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/newrank/wechat.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/newrank/wechat.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const summary$ = load(summaryHTML);
     const mainsrc = summary$('script')
         .toArray()
-        .find((item) => (item.attribs.src || '').startsWith('/new/static/js/main.')).attribs.src;
+        .find((item) => (item.attribs.src || '').startsWith('/new/static/js/main.'))!.attribs.src;
     const { data: mainScript } = await got({
         method: 'get',
         url: `https://www.newrank.cn${mainsrc}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/news/xhsxw.ts b/lib/routes/news/xhsxw.ts
index d2294a2d2a..cef328583a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/news/xhsxw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/news/xhsxw.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                     item.description += renderDescription({
-                        description: content('#detailContent').html(),
+                        description: content('#detailContent').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                 } catch {
                     // no-empty
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: title.split(/_/, 1)[0],
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/newsmarket/index.ts b/lib/routes/newsmarket/index.ts
index 2123f009d1..6f58f18584 100644
--- a/lib/routes/newsmarket/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/newsmarket/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -51,19 +51,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.title a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/newzmz/index.ts b/lib/routes/newzmz/index.ts
index 1404b81abd..06b7f2f2b1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/newzmz/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/newzmz/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // Otherwise, if only a specific TV show or movie ID is provided,
     // add that item alone to the "to be processed" array.
 
-    let items = isCategory
+    let items: any[] = isCategory
         ? await getItems(currentUrl, id, 'div.rowMod', 'ul.slides li a')
         : [
               {
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: $('img.logo-img').prop('src'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/newzmz/util.ts b/lib/routes/newzmz/util.ts
index 8800c1d1d8..dce4569933 100644
--- a/lib/routes/newzmz/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/newzmz/util.ts
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@ const getItems = async (homeUrl, id, modSelector, itemSelector) => {
         .find(itemSelector)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 };
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ const getItemInfo = (itemUrl) =>
                 content('span.duration')
                     .first()
                     .text()
-                    .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)[1]
+                    .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)![1]
             ),
             description: {
                 image: content('div.details-bg img').prop('src'),
@@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ const getItemInfo = (itemUrl) =>
                 links: content('div.ep-infos a[title]')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((a) => {
-                        a = content(a);
+                        const $a = content(a);
 
                         return {
-                            title: a.prop('title'),
-                            link: a.prop('href'),
+                            title: $a.prop('title'),
+                            link: $a.prop('href'),
                         };
                     }),
             },
@@ -112,26 +112,26 @@ const processItems = async (i, downLinkType, itemSelector, categorySelector, dow
     return content(itemSelector)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = content(item);
+            const $item = content(item);
 
-            const categories = item
+            const categories = $item
                 .find(categorySelector)
                 .toArray()
                 .map((c) => content(c).text());
 
-            const downLinks = item
+            const downLinks = $item
                 .find(downLinkSelector)
                 .toArray()
                 .map((downLink) => {
-                    downLink = content(downLink);
+                    const $downLink = content(downLink);
 
                     return {
-                        title: downLink.find('p.link-name').text(),
-                        link: downLink.find('a[title]').prop('href'),
+                        title: $downLink.find('p.link-name').text(),
+                        link: $downLink.find('a[title]').prop('href'),
                     };
                 });
 
-            const subtitle = item
+            const subtitle = $item
                 .find('span.up')
                 .text()
                 .replaceAll(/[\s-]+/g, '');
diff --git a/lib/routes/nextapple/realtime.ts b/lib/routes/nextapple/realtime.ts
index 281789c1f2..fff0fb3bd8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nextapple/realtime.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nextapple/realtime.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         $('article.infScroll').toArray(),
         (item) => {
             const link = $(item).find('.post-title').attr('href');
-            return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+            return cache.tryGet(link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 const mainContent = $('#main-content');
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 titleElement.remove();
                 const postMetaElement = mainContent.find('.post-meta');
                 const category = postMetaElement.find('.category').text();
-                const pubDate = parseDate(postMetaElement.find('time').attr('datetime'));
+                const pubDate = parseDate(postMetaElement.find('time').attr('datetime')!);
                 postMetaElement.remove();
                 $('.post-comments').remove();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/nextjs/blog.ts b/lib/routes/nextjs/blog.ts
index 8fb4281d59..be4c49c209 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nextjs/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nextjs/blog.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async () => {
     return {
         title: 'Next.js Blog',
         link: 'https://nextjs.org/blog',
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us',
         item,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/nga/post.ts b/lib/routes/nga/post.ts
index b097c57dc4..ac24a39c16 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nga/post.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nga/post.ts
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    const getPageUrl = (tid, authorId, page = 1, hash = '') => `https://nga.178.com/read.php?tid=${tid}&page=${page}${authorId ? `&authorid=${authorId}` : ''}&rand=${Math.random() * 1000}#${hash}`;
-    const getPage = async (tid, authorId, pageId = 1) => {
+    const getPageUrl = (tid, authorId, page: string | number = 1, hash = '') => `https://nga.178.com/read.php?tid=${tid}&page=${page}${authorId ? `&authorid=${authorId}` : ''}&rand=${Math.random() * 1000}#${hash}`;
+    const getPage = async (tid, authorId, pageId: string | number = 1) => {
         const link = getPageUrl(tid, authorId, pageId);
         const timestamp = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);
         let cookieString = `guestJs=${timestamp};`;
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const getLastPageId = async (tid, authorId) => {
         const $ = await getPage(tid, authorId);
         const nav = $('#pagebtop');
-        const match = nav.html().match(/\{0:'\/read\.php\?tid=(\d)[^']*',1:(\d+),[^}]*\}/);
+        const match = nav.html()!.match(/\{0:'\/read\.php\?tid=(\d)[^']*',1:(\d+),[^}]*\}/);
         return match ? match[2] : 1;
     };
 
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const posterMap = JSON.parse(
         $('script')
             .text()
-            .match(/commonui\.userInfo\.setAll\((.*)\)$/m)[1]
+            .match(/commonui\.userInfo\.setAll\((.*)\)$/m)![1]
     );
     const authorName = authorId ? posterMap[authorId].username : undefined;
 
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const posterId = post
                 .find('.posterinfo a')
                 .first()
-                .attr('href')
-                .match(/&uid=(-?\d+)$/)[1];
+                .attr('href')!
+                .match(/&uid=(-?\d+)$/)![1];
             const poster = authorName || posterMap[posterId].username;
             const content = post.find('.postcontent').first();
             const description = formatContent(content.html());
diff --git a/lib/routes/ngocn2/index.ts b/lib/routes/ngocn2/index.ts
index 69635ec4ca..5d85cb8c5a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ngocn2/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ngocn2/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,19 +47,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.articleroll__article a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.meta').text()),
+                title: $item.find('.title').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.meta').text()),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nhentai/util.tsx b/lib/routes/nhentai/util.tsx
index 285fc9b724..d49bbc85cd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nhentai/util.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nhentai/util.tsx
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ const getDetail = async (simple) => {
 
     const galleryImgs = $('.gallerythumb img')
         .toArray()
-        .map((ele) => new URL($(ele).attr('data-src'), baseUrl).href)
+        .map((ele) => new URL($(ele).attr('data-src')!, baseUrl).href)
         .map((src) => src.replace(/(.+)(\d)t\.(.+)/, (_, p1, p2, p3) => `${p1}${p2}.${p3}`)) // thumb to high-quality
         .map((src) => src.replace(/t(\d+)\.nhentai\.net/, 'i$1.nhentai.net'))
         .map((src) => src.replace(/\.(jpg|png|gif)\.webp$/, '.$1')) // 移除重複的.webp後綴
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ const getDetail = async (simple) => {
     return {
         ...simple,
         title: $('div#info > h2').text() || $('div#info > h1').text(),
-        pubDate: parseDate($('time').attr('datetime')),
+        pubDate: parseDate($('time').attr('datetime')!),
         description: renderDescription(galleryImgs.length, galleryImgs),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/nhk/news-web-easy.tsx b/lib/routes/nhk/news-web-easy.tsx
index 50f37e2b82..337e55c660 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nhk/news-web-easy.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nhk/news-web-easy.tsx
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((c) => c.split(';', 1)[0])
         .join('; ');
 
-    const authorizeResponse = await ofetch.raw(buildAuthorizeResponse.headers.get('location'), {
+    const authorizeResponse = await ofetch.raw(buildAuthorizeResponse.headers.get('location')!, {
         redirect: 'manual',
     });
 
-    const idpResponse = await ofetch.raw(authorizeResponse.headers.get('location'), {
+    const idpResponse = await ofetch.raw(authorizeResponse.headers.get('location')!, {
         headers: {
             cookie: buildAuthorizeCookie,
         },
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             cookie: buildAuthorizeCookie + '; ' + idpCookie,
         },
     });
-    const dates = data[0];
+    const dates: Record<string, any[]> = data[0];
 
-    let items = Object.values(dates).flatMap((articles) =>
+    let items: any[] = Object.values(dates).flatMap((articles) =>
         articles.map((article) => ({
             title: article.title,
             description: renderToString(
diff --git a/lib/routes/nhk/news.tsx b/lib/routes/nhk/news.tsx
index 35dad8627e..ae379ddf11 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nhk/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nhk/news.tsx
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: `${Object.values(meta.config.navigation.header).find((h) => h.keyname === 'topstories')?.name} | NHK WORLD-JAPAN News`,
+        title: `${Object.values<any>(meta.config.navigation.header).find((h) => h.keyname === 'topstories')?.name} | NHK WORLD-JAPAN News`,
         link: `${baseUrl}/nhkworld/${lang}/news/list/`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/niaogebiji/cat.ts b/lib/routes/niaogebiji/cat.ts
index 2577c92977..ba2e332fb1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/niaogebiji/cat.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/niaogebiji/cat.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,15 +40,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const articles = $('div.articleBox.clearfix')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.articleTitle').text(),
-                description: item.find('.articleContentInner').text(),
-                author: item.find('.author').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').first().attr('href'), link).href,
+                title: $item.find('.articleTitle').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.articleContentInner').text(),
+                author: $item.find('.author').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').first().attr('href')!, link).href,
                 category: [
-                    ...item
+                    ...$item
                         .find('.art_tag')
                         .toArray()
                         .map((tag) => $(tag).text().trim()),
@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         articles.map((element) =>
-            cache.tryGet(element.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(element.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(element.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
                 element.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('.writeTime3').text()), 8);
-                element.description = $('.pc_content').html();
+                element.description = $('.pc_content').html() ?? '';
 
                 return element;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/nicovideo/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/nicovideo/utils.tsx
index 7e0d2b4ef8..3a777f6c52 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nicovideo/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nicovideo/utils.tsx
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const renderVideo = (video: Essential, embed: boolean) =>
             {embed ? (
                 <iframe src={`https://embed.nicovideo.jp/watch/${video.id}`} style="top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; border: 0;" allowfullscreen />
             ) : (
-                <img src={video.thumbnail.nHdUrl || video.thumbnail.largeUrl || video.thumbnail.middleUrl} />
+                <img src={(video.thumbnail.nHdUrl || video.thumbnail.largeUrl || video.thumbnail.middleUrl) ?? undefined} />
             )}
             <br />
             {video.shortDescription ? <>{raw(video.shortDescription)}</> : null}
diff --git a/lib/routes/nifd/research.ts b/lib/routes/nifd/research.ts
index 8e04001dea..7356ca9ea9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nifd/research.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nifd/research.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,16 +49,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.qr-main-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('h2').text(),
-            link: rootUrl + $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
-            author: $(item).find('p > span:nth-child(2)').text(),
-            pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('p > span:nth-child(1)').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('h2').text(),
+                link: rootUrl + $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
+                author: $(item).find('p > span:nth-child(2)').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('p > span:nth-child(1)').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                 item.description = content('div.qrd-content').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/nikkei/cn/index.ts b/lib/routes/nikkei/cn/index.ts
index c85876db2d..07320f312b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nikkei/cn/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nikkei/cn/index.ts
@@ -102,11 +102,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         items = $('dt a')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
 
                 return {
-                    title: item.text(),
-                    link: new URL(item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                    title: $item.text(),
+                    link: new URL($item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
                 };
             })
             .filter((item) => {
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: `${item.link}?print=1`,
@@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 divs.first().remove();
                 divs.last().remove();
 
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(item.link.match(/\/\d+-(.*?)\.html/)[1], 'YYYY-MM-DD-HH-mm-ss'), 9);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(item.link!.match(/\/\d+-(.*?)\.html/)![1], 'YYYY-MM-DD-HH-mm-ss'), 9);
 
                 item.author = content('meta[name="author"]').attr('content');
-                item.title ??= content('meta[name="twitter:title"]').attr('content');
+                item.title ??= content('meta[name="twitter:title"]').attr('content')!;
                 item.description = content('#contentDiv').html()?.replaceAll('&nbsp;', '').replaceAll('<p></p>', '');
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/nikkei/index.ts b/lib/routes/nikkei/index.ts
index d031da259e..ad7e8f127e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nikkei/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nikkei/index.ts
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('a[data-rn-inview-track-value]')
         .toArray()
         .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const data = e.data('rn-track-value');
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const data = $e.data('rn-track-value') as { title: string; kiji_id_raw: string };
             const title = data.title;
             const link = `${url}/article/${data.kiji_id_raw}/`;
 
-            const parent = e.parent();
+            const parent = $e.parent();
             const img = parent.find('img[class^=image_]');
             const imgSrc = img.attr('src');
             const imgAlt = img.attr('alt');
diff --git a/lib/routes/nikkei/news.tsx b/lib/routes/nikkei/news.tsx
index ef28bd5441..1e8d236f3e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nikkei/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nikkei/news.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,18 +39,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const listSelector = $('[class^="container_"]  [class^="default_"]:has(article)');
     const paidSelector = 'img[class^="icon_"]';
 
-    let list = listSelector.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        item.find('p a').remove();
+    let list = listSelector.toArray().map((item): DataItem & { paywall: boolean } => {
+        const $item = $(item);
+        $item.find('p a').remove();
         return {
-            title: item.find('[class^="titleLink_"]').text(),
-            link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('[class^="title_"] a').attr('href')}`,
-            image: item.find('[class^="image_"] img').removeAttr('style').removeAttr('width').removeAttr('height').parent().html(),
-            category: item
+            title: $item.find('[class^="titleLink_"]').text(),
+            link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('[class^="title_"] a').attr('href')}`,
+            image: $item.find('[class^="image_"] img').removeAttr('style').removeAttr('width').removeAttr('height').parent().html() ?? undefined,
+            category: $item
                 .find('[class^="topicItem_"] a')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((item) => $(item).text()),
-            paywall: !!item.find(paidSelector).length,
+            paywall: !!$item.find(paidSelector).length,
         };
     });
 
@@ -58,21 +58,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         categoryName = '総合';
         list = [
             ...list,
-            ...$('div#CONTENTS_MAIN .m-miM32_itemTitle')
+            ...($('div#CONTENTS_MAIN .m-miM32_itemTitle')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
-                    const a = item.find('a').first();
+                    const $item = $(item);
+                    const a = $item.find('a').first();
                     return {
                         title: a.text(),
                         link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                        category: item
+                        category: $item
                             .find('.m-miM32_itemkeyword a')
                             .toArray()
                             .map((item) => $(item).text()),
-                        paywall: !!item.find(paidSelector).length,
+                        paywall: !!$item.find(paidSelector).length,
                     };
-                }),
+                }) as typeof list),
         ];
     } else {
         categoryName = $('h1.l-miH11_title').text().trim();
@@ -80,13 +80,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 $('.notFloated_n1oadkwi').remove();
 
-                item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!);
                 const description = $('section[class^=container_]').html();
                 item.description = renderToString(
                     <>
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content'),
         link: url,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         item: article_type === 'free' ? items.filter((item) => !item.paywall) : items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nintendo/direct.ts b/lib/routes/nintendo/direct.ts
index 8bab802050..48cf21016c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nintendo/direct.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nintendo/direct.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const nextData = JSON.parse($('script#__NEXT_DATA__').text());
 
     delete nextData.props.pageProps.initialApolloState.ROOT_QUERY;
-    const result = Object.values(nextData.props.pageProps.initialApolloState).map((item) => ({
+    const result = Object.values<Record<string, any>>(nextData.props.pageProps.initialApolloState).map((item) => ({
         title: item.name,
         pubDate: parseDate(item.startDate),
         link: `https://www.nintendo.com/nintendo-direct/${item.slug}/`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-cn.ts b/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-cn.ts
index 1b26032ad1..105c7c6f64 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-cn.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-cn.ts
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const response = await got(software_url);
 
     // 获取Nuxt对象
-    const result = await util.nuxtReader(response.data);
+    const result = (await util.nuxtReader(response.data)) as Record<string, any>;
 
     /* expectedReleaseNS[]
         coverImageUrl: "//switch-cn.gtgres.com/global-images/c50e3390-14e5-11ea-9b40-236e671bca9e.png"
diff --git a/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-hk.ts b/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-hk.ts
index cc7222c517..afe8870a24 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-hk.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-hk.ts
@@ -49,15 +49,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         price: $('meta[property="product:price:amount"]').attr('content'),
                         currency: $('meta[property="product:price:currency"]').attr('content'),
                     };
-                    const gallery = JSON.parse(
-                        $('[type=text/x-magento-init]')
-                            .text()
-                            .match(/\{\n\s+"\[data-gal{2}ery-role=gal{2}ery-placeholder\]": \{\n\s+"mage(?:\/gal{2}ery){2}".*?\}{4}(?:\s+\}\n){3}/s)
-                    );
+                    const galleryMatch = $('[type=text/x-magento-init]')
+                        .text()
+                        .match(/\{\n\s+"\[data-gal{2}ery-role=gal{2}ery-placeholder\]": \{\n\s+"mage(?:\/gal{2}ery){2}".*?\}{4}(?:\s+\}\n){3}/s);
+                    const gallery = JSON.parse(galleryMatch ? galleryMatch[0] : 'null');
 
                     description = renderEshopHkDescription({
                         attributes,
-                        description: $('.description').html(),
+                        description: $('.description').html() ?? undefined,
                         gallery: gallery['[data-gallery-role=gallery-placeholder]']['mage/gallery/gallery'].data,
                         host: 'store.nintendo.com.hk',
                     });
diff --git a/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-us.ts b/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-us.ts
index a0e9684f45..1522691d96 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-us.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nintendo/eshop-us.ts
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         },
         json: {
             params: new URLSearchParams({
-                hitsPerPage: 40,
-                page: 0,
+                hitsPerPage: '40',
+                page: '0',
                 facetFilters: JSON.stringify([['availability:Available now', 'availability:Pre-order']]),
             }).toString(),
         },
diff --git a/lib/routes/nintendo/news-china.ts b/lib/routes/nintendo/news-china.ts
index 45c4a42c48..d51b4afc0a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nintendo/news-china.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nintendo/news-china.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const response = await got(news_url);
 
     // 获取Nuxt对象
-    const result = await util.nuxtReader(response.data);
+    const result: any = await util.nuxtReader(response.data);
 
     /* newsList[]
         imgUrl: "https://metadata-images.nintendoswitch.com.cn/formal/8332123215251-EAFBA647-9772-DB4B-3C1A-FE0CC41A3966-封面图(1).jpg"
diff --git a/lib/routes/nintendo/system-update.ts b/lib/routes/nintendo/system-update.ts
index 149b470b7e..93274131b8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nintendo/system-update.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nintendo/system-update.ts
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ async function handler() {
         title: 'Nintendo Switch 本体更新情報',
         link: url,
         item: list.map((update) => {
-            update = $(update);
-            const heading = update.text();
+            const $update = $(update);
+            const heading = $update.text();
             const matched_date = /(\d+)年(\d+)月(\d+)日/.exec(heading);
-            const update_info = update.nextUntil('.c-heading-lv3');
+            const update_info = $update.nextUntil('.c-heading-lv3');
             const update_infos = update_info
                 .toArray()
                 .map((element) => $(element).html())
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ async function handler() {
                 author: 'Nintendo',
                 description: update_infos,
                 link: url,
-                guid: `${url}#${matched_version[0]}`,
-                pubDate: new Date(Number.parseInt(matched_date[1]), Number.parseInt(matched_date[2]) - 1, Number.parseInt(matched_date[3])),
+                guid: `${url}#${matched_version![0]}`,
+                pubDate: new Date(Number.parseInt(matched_date![1]), Number.parseInt(matched_date![2]) - 1, Number.parseInt(matched_date![3])),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/nintendo/utils.ts b/lib/routes/nintendo/utils.ts
index ef570d1e68..6330ab1b71 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nintendo/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nintendo/utils.ts
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function loadNews(link) {
     const $ = load(data);
     let description = $('.detail-body-container').html();
     const date = $('.topics-articleHead__date').text();
-    description = description.replaceAll('src="/topics/', 'src="https://www.nintendo.com.hk/topics/');
+    description = description!.replaceAll('src="/topics/', 'src="https://www.nintendo.com.hk/topics/');
     return {
         content: description,
         pubDate: parseDate(date, 'YYYY.M.D'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/njglyy/utils/index.ts b/lib/routes/njglyy/utils/index.ts
index 9f541796f3..d76d88de2f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njglyy/utils/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njglyy/utils/index.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -11,17 +12,17 @@ async function getNoticeList(ctx, url, host, listSelector, itemSelector, titleSe
 
     const list = $(listSelector)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find(titleSelector).text(),
-                link: host + item.find(itemSelector).attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find(titleSelector).text(),
+                link: host + $item.find(itemSelector).attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 if (response.redirectUrls.length) {
                     item.link = response.redirectUrls[0];
@@ -30,13 +31,13 @@ async function getNoticeList(ctx, url, host, listSelector, itemSelector, titleSe
                     const $ = load(response.data);
                     item.title = $(contentSelector.title).text();
                     item.description = $(contentSelector.content)
-                        .html()
+                        .html()!
                         .replaceAll('src="/', () => `src="${new URL('.', host).href}`)
                         .replaceAll('href="/', () => `href="${new URL('.', host).href}`)
                         .trim();
                     const preDate = $(contentSelector.date)
                         .text()
-                        .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)[1];
+                        .match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})/)![1];
                     item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(preDate, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
                 }
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/njit/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/njit/jwc.ts
index 7d0bb9e5e1..68199a8643 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njit/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njit/jwc.ts
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const urlList = $('body')
         .find('ul li span a')
-        .map((e) => $(e).attr('href'));
+        .map((e: any) => $(e).attr('href'));
 
     const titleList = $('body')
         .find('ul li span a')
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((e) => $(e).text());
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
-        urlList.map((itemUrl, index) => {
+        urlList.map((itemUrl: any, index: any) => {
             itemUrl = new URL(itemUrl, host).href;
             if (itemUrl.includes('.htm')) {
                 return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
                     const response = await got(itemUrl);
                     if (response.redirectUrls.length !== 0) {
                         const single = {
-                            title: titleList[index],
+                            title: titleList[index]!,
                             link: itemUrl,
                             description: '该通知无法直接预览, 请点击原文链接↑查看',
                             pubDate: parseDate(dateList[index]),
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         title: $('title').text(),
                         link: itemUrl,
                         description: $('.v_news_content')
-                            .html()
+                            .html()!
                             .replaceAll('src="/', () => `src="${new URL('.', host).href}`)
                             .replaceAll('href="/', () => `href="${new URL('.', host).href}`)
                             .trim(),
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 });
             }
             const single = {
-                title: titleList[index],
+                title: titleList[index]!,
                 link: itemUrl,
                 description: '该通知为文件，请点击原文链接↑下载',
                 pubDate: parseDate(dateList[index]),
diff --git a/lib/routes/njit/tzgg.ts b/lib/routes/njit/tzgg.ts
index fac095e33e..daed20af1b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njit/tzgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njit/tzgg.ts
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         urlList.map((itemUrl, index) => {
-            itemUrl = new URL(itemUrl, host).href;
+            itemUrl = new URL(itemUrl!, host).href;
             if (itemUrl.includes('content.jsp')) {
                 const single = {
-                    title: titleList[index],
+                    title: titleList[index]!,
                     link: itemUrl,
                     description: '该通知仅限校内访问，请点击原文链接↑',
                     pubDate: parseDate(dateList[index]),
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     title: $('title').text(),
                     link: itemUrl,
                     description: $('.v_news_content')
-                        .html()
+                        .html()!
                         .replaceAll('src="/', () => `src="${new URL('.', host).href}`)
                         .replaceAll('href="/', () => `href="${new URL('.', host).href}`)
                         .trim(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/njnu/jwc/utils.ts b/lib/routes/njnu/jwc/utils.ts
index 2877da4045..443a9a46b1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njnu/jwc/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njnu/jwc/utils.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (list, caches) => {
 
             const $title = $('a');
             // 还原相对链接为绝对链接
-            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href'), host);
+            const itemUrl = new URL($title.attr('href')!, host);
 
             // 列表上提取到的信息
             const single = {
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/admission.ts b/lib/routes/nju/admission.ts
index a82c3b2964..b2037aa1e7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/admission.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/admission.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -39,8 +40,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
             const data = response.data;
             const $ = load(data);
-            let script = $('ul').find('script');
-            script = script['1'].children[0].data;
+            const scripts = $('ul').find('script');
+            const script = (scripts['1'].children[0] as Text).data;
 
             const start = script.indexOf('[');
             const end = script.lastIndexOf(']');
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/dafls.ts b/lib/routes/nju/dafls.ts
index 590e41eefa..488322d1af 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/dafls.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/dafls.ts
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ async function handler() {
 
             // only read first page
             return list.map((index, item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').last().text(),
-                    link: 'https://dafls.nju.edu.cn' + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').last().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                    title: $item.find('a').last().text(),
+                    link: 'https://dafls.nju.edu.cn' + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').last().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
                     category: c,
                 };
             });
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/gra.ts b/lib/routes/nju/gra.ts
index 77e660b9de..9f5012803b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/gra.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/gra.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -46,20 +46,20 @@ async function handler() {
         item: list
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
 
-                const year = item.find('.news_days').first().text();
-                const day = item.find('.news_year').first().text(); // :)
+                const year = $item.find('.news_days').first().text();
+                const day = $item.find('.news_year').first().text(); // :)
                 if (!year.length || !day.length) {
                     return null;
                 } // 去掉友情链接
 
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                    link: 'https://grawww.nju.edu.cn' + item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                    link: 'https://grawww.nju.edu.cn' + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
                     pubDate: timezone(parseDate(year + day, 'YYYYMM-DD'), 8),
                 };
             })
-            .filter(Boolean),
+            .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/hosptial.ts b/lib/routes/nju/hosptial.ts
index c1d823948d..fe8bb6714b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/hosptial.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/hosptial.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -39,8 +40,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
             const data = response.data;
             const $ = load(data);
-            let script = $('div .wrapper').find('script');
-            script = script['1'].children[0].data;
+            const scripts = $('div .wrapper').find('script');
+            const script = (scripts['1'].children[0] as Text).data;
 
             const start = script.indexOf('[');
             const end = script.lastIndexOf(']');
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/hqjt.ts b/lib/routes/nju/hqjt.ts
index 649474b580..0c49770d36 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/hqjt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/hqjt.ts
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ async function handler() {
 
             // only read first page
             return list.map((index, item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                    link: 'https://webplus.nju.edu.cn' + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').last().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                    title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                    link: 'https://webplus.nju.edu.cn' + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').last().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
                     category: category_dict[0],
                 };
             });
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/itsc.ts b/lib/routes/nju/itsc.ts
index e04e2a51b2..501db31f48 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/itsc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/itsc.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -40,8 +41,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
             const data = response.data;
             const $ = load(data);
-            const tmp = $('.list2')[0].children;
-            const infos = [];
+            const tmp = $('.list2')[0].children as Element[];
+            const infos: Element[] = [];
             for (const element of tmp) {
                 if (element.children) {
                     infos.push(element);
@@ -50,12 +51,12 @@ async function handler() {
 
             // only read first page
             return infos.map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                    description: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                    link: 'https://itsc.nju.edu.cn' + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                    title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                    description: $item.find('a').attr('title'),
+                    link: 'https://itsc.nju.edu.cn' + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
                     category: category_dict[0],
                 };
             });
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/jjc.ts b/lib/routes/nju/jjc.ts
index 4d62f0f9c7..cc6e7b1457 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/jjc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/jjc.ts
@@ -46,12 +46,12 @@ async function handler() {
 
             // only read first page
             return list.map((index, item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                    description: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                    link: 'https://jjc.nju.edu.cn' + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('td').last().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                    title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                    description: $item.find('a').attr('title'),
+                    link: 'https://jjc.nju.edu.cn' + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('td').last().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
                     category: category_dict[c],
                 };
             });
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/jw.ts b/lib/routes/nju/jw.ts
index c2f12cea5c..86977b2815 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/jw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/jw.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import queryString from 'query-string';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             data &&
             data.data &&
             data.data.map((item) => {
-                const ret = {
+                const ret: DataItem = {
                     title: item.title,
                     author: item.publisher,
                     pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.publishTime, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8),
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/scit.ts b/lib/routes/nju/scit.ts
index d621db1073..4694339efa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/scit.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/scit.ts
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `科学技术处-${type_dict[type][1]}`,
         link: type_dict[type][0],
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: 'https://scit.nju.edu.cn' + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: 'https://scit.nju.edu.cn' + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/zbb.ts b/lib/routes/nju/zbb.ts
index 6b066578cf..2c0bf74147 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/zbb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/zbb.ts
@@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             title: '政府采购意向公开',
             link: url,
             item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                    description: item.find('a').text(),
-                    link: 'https://zbb.nju.edu.cn' + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                    title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                    description: $item.find('a').text(),
+                    link: 'https://zbb.nju.edu.cn' + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
                 };
             }),
         };
@@ -77,12 +77,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const list = $('dd[cid]');
 
             return list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                    description: item.find('a').text(),
-                    link: 'https://zbb.nju.edu.cn' + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                    title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                    description: $item.find('a').text(),
+                    link: 'https://zbb.nju.edu.cn' + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
                     category: category_dict[c],
                 };
             });
diff --git a/lib/routes/nju/zcc.ts b/lib/routes/nju/zcc.ts
index 070a073984..864fd5fed7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nju/zcc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nju/zcc.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -39,8 +40,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
             const data = response.data;
             const $ = load(data);
-            let script = $('ul.clearfix').find('script');
-            script = script['1'].children[0].data;
+            const script = ($('ul.clearfix').find('script')[1].children[0] as Text).data;
 
             const start = script.indexOf('[');
             const end = script.lastIndexOf(']');
diff --git a/lib/routes/njucm/utils/index.ts b/lib/routes/njucm/utils/index.ts
index f91d670d1c..814eb2cb25 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njucm/utils/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njucm/utils/index.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -11,17 +12,17 @@ async function getNoticeList(ctx, url, host, listSelector, titleSelector, conten
 
     const list = $(listSelector)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find(titleSelector).attr('title'),
-                link: host + item.find(titleSelector).attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find(titleSelector).attr('title')!,
+                link: host + $item.find(titleSelector).attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 if (response.redirectUrls.length) {
                     item.link = response.redirectUrls[0];
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ async function getNoticeList(ctx, url, host, listSelector, titleSelector, conten
                 } else {
                     const $ = load(response.data);
                     item.title = $(contentSelector.title).text();
-                    item.description = $(contentSelector.content).html().trim();
+                    item.description = $(contentSelector.content).html()!.trim();
                     item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($(contentSelector.date).text()), 8);
                 }
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/njuferret/blog.ts b/lib/routes/njuferret/blog.ts
index 2dc1e01931..04b5c916e5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njuferret/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njuferret/blog.ts
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('div.post-block')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('time').attr('datetime')),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('time').attr('datetime')!),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/njupt/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/njupt/jwc.ts
index d5db700e46..45b248df87 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njupt/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njupt/jwc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.news_list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
-            if (new URL(item.link).host === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
+            if (new URL(item.link!).host === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                 return finishArticleItem({ ...item, guid: item.link });
             }
 
-            return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            return cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.data);
                 item.description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html() ?? '该通知无法直接预览，请点击原文链接查看';
diff --git a/lib/routes/njust/cwc.ts b/lib/routes/njust/cwc.ts
index 43dc9b3117..4ba628c657 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njust/cwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njust/cwc.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: info.title,
         link: siteUrl,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title').trim(),
+            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!.trim(),
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('span.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
         })),
diff --git a/lib/routes/njust/dgxg.ts b/lib/routes/njust/dgxg.ts
index d7b3b52c34..95e029480c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njust/dgxg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njust/dgxg.ts
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: info.title,
         link: siteUrl,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title').trim(),
+            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!.trim(),
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('span.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
         })),
diff --git a/lib/routes/njust/eoe.ts b/lib/routes/njust/eoe.ts
index 9874928d5b..3fddbd8e21 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njust/eoe.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njust/eoe.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: info.title,
         link: siteUrl,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title').trim(),
+            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!.trim(),
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
         })),
diff --git a/lib/routes/njust/gs.ts b/lib/routes/njust/gs.ts
index f279346e79..4ab8f06840 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njust/gs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njust/gs.ts
@@ -49,13 +49,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         list.map(async (index, item) => {
             const url = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
             let desc = '';
-            if (url.startsWith('/')) {
+            if (url!.startsWith('/')) {
                 const data = await getContent(host + url);
-                desc = load(data)('.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                desc = load(data)('.wp_articlecontent').html() ?? '';
             }
 
             return {
-                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title').trim(),
+                title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!.trim(),
                 description: desc,
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
                 link: url,
diff --git a/lib/routes/njust/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/njust/jwc.ts
index cc63180961..72c495f3a1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/njust/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/njust/jwc.ts
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: info.title,
         link: siteUrl,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title').trim(),
+            title: $(item).find('a').attr('title')!.trim(),
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('td[width="14%"]').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
         })),
diff --git a/lib/routes/nlc/read.tsx b/lib/routes/nlc/read.tsx
index 40da36b755..7b93865a8d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nlc/read.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nlc/read.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -44,16 +44,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('span').first().text();
+            const title = $item.find('span').first().text();
 
             return {
                 title,
-                link: item.prop('onclick').match(/openOutRes\('1','(.*?)','1',/)[1],
+                link: $item.prop('onclick').match(/openOutRes\('1','(.*?)','1',/)![1],
                 description: renderToString(
                     <>
-                        {item
+                        {$item
                             .find('div.pic img')
                             .toArray()
                             .map((img) => {
@@ -66,29 +66,29 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                                     </figure>
                                 ) : null;
                             })}
-                        {item.find('div.txt').prop('title') ? <p>{item.find('div.txt').prop('title')}</p> : null}
+                        {$item.find('div.txt').prop('title') ? <p>{$item.find('div.txt').prop('title')}</p> : null}
                     </>
                 ),
                 author,
                 category: [type],
                 guid: `nlc-read#${
-                    item
+                    $item
                         .prev()
                         .prop('onclick')
-                        .match(/\('(\d+)'\)/)[1]
+                        .match(/\('(\d+)'\)/)![1]
                 }`,
             };
         });
 
     const image = new URL('static/style/css/images/YMH_home_main_logo.png', rootUrl).href;
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${$('title').text()} - ${type}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: type,
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nltimes/news.ts b/lib/routes/nltimes/news.ts
index 6df9ebf9e1..09c71bdb73 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nltimes/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nltimes/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const category = ctx.req.param('category') ?? 'top-stories';
-    const suffix = map.get(category).suffix;
+    const suffix = map.get(category)!.suffix;
 
     const rootUrl = 'https://www.nltimes.nl';
     const apiUrl = rootUrl + suffix;
@@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(category).title,
-        language: 'en',
+        title: map.get(category)!.title,
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         link: apiUrl,
-        description: map.get(category).title,
+        description: map.get(category)!.title,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nmc/publish.ts b/lib/routes/nmc/publish.ts
index e5f088d195..c7a9cd10a0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nmc/publish.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nmc/publish.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             ? $('div#text')
                   .slice(0, limit)
                   .toArray()
-                  .map((el): Element => {
+                  .map((el) => {
                       const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
                       const timeStrArray = $el
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
 
                       const title = `${pubDateStr} - ${$el.find('div.title').text().replaceAll(/\s/g, '')}`;
                       const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
-                          description: $el.find('div.writing').html(),
+                          description: $el.find('div.writing').html() ?? undefined,
                       });
 
                       const linkUrl: string | undefined = targetUrl;
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                           .split(/\s/)
                           .filter(Boolean)
                           .map((name) => ({
-                              name: name.split(/：/).pop(),
+                              name: name.split(/：/).pop()!,
                               url: undefined,
                               avatar: undefined,
                           }));
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                               text: description,
                           },
                           updated: timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr, 'HH:mm YYYY/MM/DD'), 8),
-                          language,
+                          language: language as Language,
                       };
 
                       return processedItem;
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             : $('div[data-img]')
                   .slice(0, limit)
                   .toArray()
-                  .map((el): Element => {
+                  .map((el) => {
                       const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
                       const image: string | undefined = $el.attr('data-img');
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                           image,
                           banner: image,
                           updated: timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8),
-                          language,
+                          language: language as Language,
                       };
 
                       return processedItem;
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.navbar-brand img').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/nmtv/column.tsx b/lib/routes/nmtv/column.tsx
index 2f808cb3a0..227dba0f8a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nmtv/column.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nmtv/column.tsx
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = data.map((item) => {
         const enclosure_url = `${hostUrl}/${item.target_path}${item.target_filename}`;
-        const enclosure_type = `${item.type}/${enclosure_url.match(/\.(\w+)$/)[1]}`;
+        const enclosure_type = `${item.type}/${enclosure_url.match(/\.(\w+)$/)![1]}`;
 
         return {
             title: item.title,
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.publish_time), 8),
             description: renderToString(
                 item.type === 'audio' ? (
-                    <audio controls="controls">
+                    <audio controls>
                         <source src={enclosure_url} type="audio/mp3" />
                     </audio>
                 ) : item.type === 'video' ? (
diff --git a/lib/routes/nodejs/blog.ts b/lib/routes/nodejs/blog.ts
index cd107d3a43..25db6ffccf 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nodejs/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nodejs/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -60,17 +60,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('article')
         .toArray()
-        .map((article) => {
+        .map((article): DataItem => {
             const $article = load(article);
 
             const author = $article('footer p').text();
-            const pubDate = parseDate($article('footer time').attr('datetime'));
+            const pubDate = parseDate($article('footer time').attr('datetime')!);
 
             const title = $article('a[aria-label]').prop('aria-label');
             const href = $article('a[aria-label]').attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 link: `${rootUrl}${href}`,
                 author,
                 pubDate,
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nosec/index.ts b/lib/routes/nosec/index.ts
index b5f81e7347..94e8cb4808 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nosec/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nosec/index.ts
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(csrfresponse._data);
     const token = $('meta[name="csrf-token"]').attr('content');
     const cookies = csrfresponse.headers.getSetCookie().toString();
-    const xsrf_token = cookies.match(/XSRF-TOKEN=[^\s;]+/)[0];
-    const laravel_session = cookies.match(/laravel_session[^\s;]+/)[0];
+    const xsrf_token = cookies.match(/XSRF-TOKEN=[^\s;]+/)![0];
+    const laravel_session = cookies.match(/laravel_session[^\s;]+/)![0];
 
     const keykind = ctx.req.param('keykind') || '';
     let formdata;
diff --git a/lib/routes/notateslaapp/update.ts b/lib/routes/notateslaapp/update.ts
index fb3c17c5dd..7394072b9d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/notateslaapp/update.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/notateslaapp/update.ts
@@ -46,12 +46,12 @@ async function handler() {
         link: 'https://www.notateslaapp.com/software-updates/history/',
         description: '特斯拉系统更新 - 最新发布',
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.container h1').text(),
-                description: item.find('.notes-container').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.container h1').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.notes-container').text(),
                 pubDate: null,
-                link: item.find('.notes-container > .button-container > a').attr('href'),
+                link: $item.find('.notes-container > .button-container > a').attr('href'),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/notion/database.ts b/lib/routes/notion/database.ts
index 261c3fc73d..e20c8055a0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/notion/database.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/notion/database.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     try {
         // Query database basic info
-        const database = await notion.databases.retrieve({ database_id: databaseId });
+        const database = (await notion.databases.retrieve({ database_id: databaseId })) as any;
         const title = database.title[0]?.plain_text;
         const description = database.description[0]?.plain_text;
         const link = database.url;
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
         // List pages under the database
         const databaseQuery = parseCustomQuery(ctx.req.query('query'));
-        const { results } = await notion.databases.query({
+        const { results } = await (notion.databases as any).query({
             database_id: databaseId,
             ...databaseQuery,
         });
@@ -92,10 +92,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
         // Query page content
         const n2m = new NotionToMarkdown({ notionClient: notion });
-        const pageList = results.filter((item) => Object.values(item.properties).find((property) => property.id === 'title')?.title[0]?.plain_text);
+        const pageList = results.filter((item) => Object.values<any>(item.properties).find((property) => property.id === 'title')?.title[0]?.plain_text);
         const items = await Promise.all(
             pageList.map(async (page) => {
-                const titleProperty = Object.values(page.properties).find((property) => property.id === 'title');
+                const titleProperty = Object.values<any>(page.properties).find((property) => property.id === 'title');
                 const pageTitle = titleProperty.title[0].plain_text;
                 const pageLink = page.url;
                 const pageLastEditedTime = page.last_edited_time;
@@ -164,16 +164,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         logger.error(error);
 
         if (isNotionClientError(error)) {
-            if (error.statusCode === APIErrorCode.ObjectNotFound) {
+            const { statusCode } = error as any;
+            if (statusCode === APIErrorCode.ObjectNotFound) {
                 throw new InvalidParameterError('The database is not exist');
             }
-            if (error.statusCode === APIErrorCode.Unauthorized) {
+            if (statusCode === APIErrorCode.Unauthorized) {
                 throw new ConfigNotFoundError('Please check the config of NOTION_TOKEN');
             }
-            ctx.throw(error.statusCode, 'Notion API Error');
+            ctx.throw(statusCode, 'Notion API Error');
         } else {
             ctx.throw(error);
         }
+        return null;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/now/news.ts b/lib/routes/now/news.ts
index 40930d8bf1..60a7fd1e06 100644
--- a/lib/routes/now/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/now/news.ts
@@ -122,11 +122,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .toArray()
             .slice(0, limit)
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
 
                 return {
-                    title: item.text(),
-                    link: `${rootUrl}${item.parent().parent().attr('href')}`,
+                    title: $item.text(),
+                    link: `${rootUrl}${$item.parent().parent().attr('href')}`,
                 };
             });
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nowcoder/discuss.ts b/lib/routes/nowcoder/discuss.ts
index 3e8a664952..9685092b0c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nowcoder/discuss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nowcoder/discuss.ts
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((info) => {
             const title = info.title || 'tzgg';
-            const itemUrl = new URL(info.link, host).href.replace(/^([^\n\r\u{2028}\u{2029}]*)\?[^\n\r?\u{2028}\u{2029}]*$/u, '$1');
+            const itemUrl = new URL(info.link!, host).href.replace(/^([^\n\r\u{2028}\u{2029}]*)\?[^\n\r?\u{2028}\u{2029}]*$/u, '$1');
 
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
                 const response = await got.get(itemUrl);
diff --git a/lib/routes/nowcoder/experience.ts b/lib/routes/nowcoder/experience.ts
index c6a895e774..faa6b92dbd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nowcoder/experience.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nowcoder/experience.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const link = new URL('/discuss/experience/json', host);
 
     // const link = `https://www.nowcoder.com/discuss/experience/json?tagId=${tagId}&order=${order}&companyId=${companyId}&phaseId=${phaseId}`;
-    link.search = params;
+    link.search = params.toString();
     const response = await got.get(link.href);
     const data = response.data.data;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/nowcoder/jobcenter.ts b/lib/routes/nowcoder/jobcenter.ts
index 0b9d9f628e..09d169c9b4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nowcoder/jobcenter.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nowcoder/jobcenter.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -61,29 +61,29 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('ul.reco-job-list li')
         .slice(0, 30)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a.reco-job-title');
-            const company = item.find('div.reco-job-com a');
-            const time = item.find('div.reco-job-detail span').eq(1).text();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a.reco-job-title');
+            const company = $item.find('div.reco-job-com a');
+            const time = $item.find('div.reco-job-detail span').eq(1).text();
             const date = new Date();
             if (time.includes('天')) {
                 const day = time.split('天', 1)[0];
-                date.setDate(date.getDate() - day);
+                date.setDate(date.getDate() - Number(day));
             } else if (time.includes('小时')) {
                 const hour = time.split('小时', 1)[0];
-                date.setHours(date.getHours() - hour);
+                date.setHours(date.getHours() - Number(hour));
             }
             return {
                 title: `${company.text()} | ${title.text()}`,
-                link: new URL(title.attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL(title.attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 pubDate: date.toUTCString(),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/npr/full.ts b/lib/routes/npr/full.ts
index 9ecdb7d78c..7440a6f57f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/npr/full.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/npr/full.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
 
 const getArticleDetail = (link) =>
-    cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+    cache.tryGet(link, async (): Promise<any> => {
         const response = await got(link);
         const $ = load(response.data);
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = (
         await Promise.all(
             feed.items.map(async (item) => {
-                const itemDetails = await getArticleDetail(item.link);
+                const itemDetails = (await getArticleDetail(item.link)) as any;
                 if (itemDetails === null) {
                     return null;
                 }
@@ -115,10 +115,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     ).filter(Boolean);
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
         icon: 'https://media.npr.org/images/podcasts/primary/npr_generic_image_300.jpg?s=200',
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ntdtv/channel.ts b/lib/routes/ntdtv/channel.ts
index 46c0937e85..1fe2be1aa2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ntdtv/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ntdtv/channel.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,20 +44,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const title = $('h1.block_title').text();
     const list = $('div.list_wrapper > div')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('div.title').text(),
-            link: $(item).find('div.title > a').attr('href'),
-            description: $(item).find('div.excerpt').text(),
-        }))
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('div.title').text(),
+                link: $(item).find('div.title > a').attr('href'),
+                description: $(item).find('div.excerpt').text(),
+            })
+        )
         .filter((item) => item.link);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.description = content('div.post_content').html();
+                item.description = content('div.post_content').html() ?? '';
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('div.time > span').text()), 8);
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuaa/college/cae.ts b/lib/routes/nuaa/college/cae.ts
index 91a1f4f533..7eb6db5811 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuaa/college/cae.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuaa/college/cae.ts
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = ctx.req.param('type');
-    const suffix = map.get(type).suffix;
+    const suffix = map.get(type)!.suffix;
     const getDescription = Boolean(ctx.req.param('getDescription'));
     const link = new URL(suffix, host).href;
     const cookie = await getCookie(host);
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         list.map(async (info) => {
             const title = info.title || 'tzgg';
             const date = info.date;
-            const itemUrl = new URL(info.link, host).href;
+            const itemUrl = new URL(info.link!, host).href;
             let description = title + '<br><a href="' + itemUrl + '" target="_blank">查看原文</a>';
 
             if (getDescription) {
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         const $ = load(response.data);
                         return $('.wp_articlecontent').html() + '<br><hr /><a href="' + itemUrl + '" target="_blank">查看原文</a>';
                     }
+                    return '';
                 });
             }
 
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link,
         description: '南京航空航天大学自动化学院RSS',
         item: out,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuaa/college/cs.ts b/lib/routes/nuaa/college/cs.ts
index 7204a28bb6..e22c9d3b9f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuaa/college/cs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuaa/college/cs.ts
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = ctx.req.param('type');
     const getDescription = Boolean(ctx.req.param('getDescription'));
-    const suffix = map.get(type).suffix;
+    const suffix = map.get(type)!.suffix;
 
     const link = new URL(suffix, host).href;
     const cookie = await getCookie(host);
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         list.map(async (info) => {
             const title = info.title || 'tzgg';
             const date = info.date;
-            const itemUrl = new URL(info.link, host).href;
+            const itemUrl = new URL(info.link!, host).href;
             let description = title + '<br><a href="' + itemUrl + '" target="_blank">查看原文</a>';
 
             if (getDescription) {
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         const $ = load(response.data);
                         return $('.wp_articlecontent').html() + '<br><hr /><a href="' + itemUrl + '" target="_blank">查看原文</a>';
                     }
+                    return '';
                 });
             }
 
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link,
         description: '南京航空航天大学计算机科学与技术学院RSS',
         item: out,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuaa/jwc/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/nuaa/jwc/jwc.ts
index 05e379e671..e7464a85ec 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuaa/jwc/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuaa/jwc/jwc.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = ctx.req.param('type');
-    const suffix = map.get(type).suffix;
+    const suffix = map.get(type)!.suffix;
     const getDescription = Boolean(ctx.req.param('getDescription'));
 
     const link = new URL(suffix, host).href;
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         list.map(async (info) => {
             const title = info.title || 'tzgg';
             const date = info.date;
-            const itemUrl = new URL(info.link, host).href;
+            const itemUrl = new URL(info.link!, host).href;
             let description = title + '<br><a href="' + itemUrl + '" target="_blank">查看原文</a>';
 
             if (getDescription) {
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         const $ = load(response.data);
                         return $('.wp_articlecontent').html() + '<br><hr /><a href="' + itemUrl + '" target="_blank">查看原文</a>';
                     }
+                    return '';
                 });
             }
 
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link,
         description: '南京航空航天大学教务处RSS',
         item: out,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuaa/yjsy/yjsy.ts b/lib/routes/nuaa/yjsy/yjsy.ts
index deeed8cd3d..e134268924 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuaa/yjsy/yjsy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuaa/yjsy/yjsy.ts
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = ctx.req.param('type');
-    const suffix = map.get(type).suffix;
+    const suffix = map.get(type)!.suffix;
     const getDescription = Boolean(ctx.req.param('getDescription'));
     const link = new URL(suffix, host).href;
     const cookie = await getCookie(host);
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         list.map(async (info) => {
             const title = info.title || 'tzgg';
             const date = info.date;
-            const itemUrl = new URL(info.link, host).href;
+            const itemUrl = new URL(info.link!, host).href;
             let description = title + '<br><a href="' + itemUrl + '" target="_blank">查看原文</a>';
 
             if (getDescription) {
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         const $ = load(response.data);
                         return $('.wp_articlecontent').html() + '<br><hr /><a href="' + itemUrl + '" target="_blank">查看原文</a>';
                     }
+                    return '';
                 });
             }
 
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link,
         description: '南京航空航天大学研究生院RSS',
         item: out,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nudt/yjszs.ts b/lib/routes/nudt/yjszs.ts
index c970cb9437..4e42509f1f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nudt/yjszs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nudt/yjszs.ts
@@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const content = $('.news-list li');
     const items = content.toArray().map((elem) => {
-        elem = $(elem);
+        const $elem = $(elem);
         return {
-            link: new URL(elem.find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
-            title: elem.find('h3').text().trim(),
-            pubDate: timezone(parseDate(elem.find('.time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), -8),
+            link: new URL($elem.find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
+            title: $elem.find('h3').text().trim(),
+            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($elem.find('.time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), -8),
         };
     });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuist/bulletin.ts b/lib/routes/nuist/bulletin.ts
index 392d172cb9..a049f80dd1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuist/bulletin.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuist/bulletin.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -115,6 +115,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `${baseTitle} - ${info.title}`,
         link,
-        item: list,
+        item: list as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuist/cas.ts b/lib/routes/nuist/cas.ts
index 691cfff91a..e8029e48ec 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuist/cas.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuist/cas.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#ctl00_ctl00_body_NewsList')
         .find('tr.gridline')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.Title').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('.Title').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('.Title').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('.Title').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 pubDate: parseDate(
-                    item
+                    $item
                         .find('td')
                         .eq(2)
                         .text()
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response.data);
@@ -65,13 +65,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const authorMatch = $('.zzxx')
                         .text()
                         .match(/作者:(.*) 发布时间/);
-                    item.author = authorMatch ? authorMatch[1].trim() : null;
+                    item.author = authorMatch ? authorMatch[1].trim() : undefined;
                     item.pubDate = timezone(
                         parseDate(
-                            item
-                                .find('.zzxx')
+                            $('.zzxx')
                                 .text()
-                                .match(/发布时间:(\d{4}\/\d{2}\/\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})/)[1]
+                                .match(/发布时间:(\d{4}\/\d{2}\/\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})/)![1]
                         ),
                         8
                     );
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuist/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/nuist/jwc.ts
index 38c9c96074..054e4ae659 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuist/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuist/jwc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,18 +37,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.main_list ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').contents().first().text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.date').text()),
+                title: $item.find('a').contents().first().text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date').text()),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuist/library/lib.ts b/lib/routes/nuist/library/lib.ts
index 919cc432e7..9de9baefdb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuist/library/lib.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuist/library/lib.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -30,19 +30,19 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.list2 li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
                 category: '通知',
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), link).href,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, link).href,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuist/scs.ts b/lib/routes/nuist/scs.ts
index e96f43b8e2..9cc10bacce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuist/scs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuist/scs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,25 +46,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .eq(0)
         .find('li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.newsDate').text()),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.newsDate').text()),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
                 const authorMatch = $('.newsTitleAddDate')
                     .text()
                     .match(/发布者：(.*)发布时间/);
-                item.author = authorMatch ? authorMatch[1].trim() : null;
+                item.author = authorMatch ? authorMatch[1].trim() : undefined;
                 item.description = $('.newsContent').html();
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuist/sese.ts b/lib/routes/nuist/sese.ts
index 98cea23d12..4751aaf14a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuist/sese.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuist/sese.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,19 +37,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('#ctl00_ctl00_mainbody_rightbody_listcontent_NewsList .gridline')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').eq(1).text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').eq(1).attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                category: item.find('a').eq(0).text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('.gridlinedate').text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日'),
+                title: $item.find('a').eq(1).text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').eq(1).attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                category: $item.find('a').eq(0).text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($($item).find('.gridlinedate').text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuist/xgc.ts b/lib/routes/nuist/xgc.ts
index 6b30bf3df2..33669c9bc0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuist/xgc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuist/xgc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,18 +39,18 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.wp_article_list .list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/nuist/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/nuist/yjs.ts
index c57678bbc0..d8069530b0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nuist/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nuist/yjs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,21 +40,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.gridlinediv')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a').last();
+            const a = $item.find('a').last();
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.next().text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日'),
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.next().text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/nwafu/all.ts b/lib/routes/nwafu/all.ts
index e4738dd45c..058ac80bad 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nwafu/all.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nwafu/all.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const { type = 'jiaowu' } = ctx.req.param();
-    const response = await got.get(nwafuMap.get(type)[0]);
+    const response = await got.get(nwafuMap.get(type)![0]);
     const $ = load(response.data);
-    const list = $(nwafuMap.get(type)[1])
+    const list = $(nwafuMap.get(type)![1])
         .toArray()
-        .map((ele) => {
-            const itemTitle = $(ele).find(nwafuMap.get(type)[2]).text();
+        .map((ele): DataItem => {
+            const itemTitle = $(ele).find(nwafuMap.get(type)![2]).text();
             const itemPubDate = parseDate($(ele).find('span').text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD');
-            const itemLink = new URL($(ele).find(nwafuMap.get(type)[2]).attr('href'), nwafuMap.get(type)[0]).href;
+            const itemLink = new URL($(ele).find(nwafuMap.get(type)![2]).attr('href')!, nwafuMap.get(type)![0]).href;
             return {
                 title: itemTitle,
                 pubDate: itemPubDate,
@@ -49,22 +49,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (nwafuMap.get('forbiddenList').includes(new URL(item.link).hostname)) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (nwafuMap.get('forbiddenList')!.includes(new URL(item.link!).hostname)) {
                     return item;
                 }
                 const detailResponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.data);
-                item.description = $(nwafuMap.get(type)[3]).html();
+                item.description = $(nwafuMap.get(type)![3]).html();
                 return item;
             })
         )
     );
 
     return {
-        title: nwafuMap.get(type)[4],
-        link: nwafuMap.get(type)[0],
-        description: nwafuMap.get(type)[4],
+        title: nwafuMap.get(type)![4],
+        link: nwafuMap.get(type)![0],
+        description: nwafuMap.get(type)![4],
         item: out,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/college/csse.ts b/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/college/csse.ts
index 96c63e4e5a..c16867fc52 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/college/csse.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/college/csse.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const COLUMNS: Record<string, { title: string; description: string }> = {
 };
 
 const handler: Route['handler'] = async (ctx) => {
-    const columnParam = ctx.req.param('column');
+    const columnParam = ctx.req.param('column')!;
     if (COLUMNS[columnParam] === undefined) {
         throw new NotFoundError(`The column ${columnParam} does not exist`);
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/department/academic-affairs.ts b/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/department/academic-affairs.ts
index e915ff1684..0c69f056b3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/department/academic-affairs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/department/academic-affairs.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const COLUMNS: Record<string, { title: string; description: string }> = {
 };
 
 const handler: Route['handler'] = async (ctx) => {
-    const columnParam = ctx.req.param('column');
+    const columnParam = ctx.req.param('column')!;
     if (COLUMNS[columnParam] === undefined) {
         throw new NotFoundError(`The column ${columnParam} does not exist`);
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/department/postgraduate.ts b/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/department/postgraduate.ts
index 8eba026c11..a11ce190f4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/department/postgraduate.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nwnu/routes/department/postgraduate.ts
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const COLUMNS: Record<string, { title: string; description: string }> = {
 };
 
 const handler: Route['handler'] = async (ctx) => {
-    const columnParam = ctx.req.param('column');
+    const columnParam = ctx.req.param('column')!;
     if (COLUMNS[columnParam] === undefined) {
         throw new NotFoundError(`The column ${columnParam} does not exist`);
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nyaa/main.ts b/lib/routes/nyaa/main.ts
index 83bdd0ab0f..487815de2b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nyaa/main.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nyaa/main.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it';
 import Parser from 'rss-parser';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    const parser = new Parser({
+    const parser = new Parser<Record<string, any>, Record<string, any>>({
         customFields: {
             item: ['magnet', ['nyaa:infoHash', 'infoHash']],
         },
@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const limit = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) || 6; // prevent 429 rate limiting
         const items = await Promise.all(
             feed.items.slice(0, limit).map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.guid, async () => {
-                    const response = await ofetch(item.guid);
+                cache.tryGet(item.guid!, async () => {
+                    const response = await ofetch(item.guid!);
                     const $ = load(response);
 
                     item.description = md.render($('div#torrent-description.panel-body[markdown-text]').text());
@@ -88,10 +88,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         );
 
         return {
-            title: feed.title,
+            title: feed.title!,
             link: currentLink,
             description: feed.description,
-            item: items,
+            item: items as DataItem[],
         };
     }
     feed.items.map((item) => {
@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     });
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: currentLink,
         description: feed.description,
-        item: feed.items,
+        item: feed.items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nytimes/book.ts b/lib/routes/nytimes/book.ts
index 43295350d1..92664af97a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nytimes/book.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nytimes/book.ts
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const url = `https://www.nytimes.com/books/best-sellers/${category}`;
 
-    let items = [];
+    let items: any[] = [];
     let dataTitle = '';
     if (Object.hasOwn(categoryList, category)) {
         const response = await got({
diff --git a/lib/routes/nytimes/daily-briefing-chinese.tsx b/lib/routes/nytimes/daily-briefing-chinese.tsx
index 66df73d541..595f115344 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nytimes/daily-briefing-chinese.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nytimes/daily-briefing-chinese.tsx
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const listData = JSON.parse(response.data.match(/"initialState":(.*),"config"/)[1]);
 
-    let items = [];
-    for (const [key, item] of Object.entries(listData)) {
+    let items: any[] = [];
+    for (const [key, item] of Object.entries<any>(listData)) {
         if (key.startsWith('Article:') && item.url) {
             items.push({
                 link: item.url,
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 });
 
                 item.title = content('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content');
-                item.author = content('meta[name="byl"]').attr('content').replace(/By /, '');
+                item.author = content('meta[name="byl"]').attr('content')!.replace(/By /, '');
                 item.description = content('section[name="articleBody"]').html();
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/nytimes/index.ts b/lib/routes/nytimes/index.ts
index c5ae1a8b51..203ec053c3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nytimes/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nytimes/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 dual = false;
 
             if (lang === 'dual') {
-                link = link.replace('/?utm_source=RSS', '') + '/dual';
+                link = link!.replace('/?utm_source=RSS', '') + '/dual';
 
                 try {
                     response = await cache.tryGet(`nyt: ${link}`, async () => {
@@ -120,15 +120,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const $ = load(response);
                     if ($('.dual-btn').length > 0) {
                         hasEnVersion = true;
-                        link = $('.dual-btn a').last().attr().href;
+                        link = $('.dual-btn a').last().attr()!.href;
 
                         response = await utils.PuppeterGetter(ctx, context, link);
                     }
                 }
             }
 
-            const single = {
-                title: item.title,
+            const single: DataItem = {
+                title: item.title!,
                 pubDate: item.pubDate,
                 link,
                 author: item['dc:creator'],
diff --git a/lib/routes/nytimes/rss.ts b/lib/routes/nytimes/rss.ts
index 9ed4b89ab1..05ea52b842 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nytimes/rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nytimes/rss.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { FetchOptions } from 'ofetch';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -46,8 +47,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         ...rss,
         item: await Promise.all(
             rss.items.map((e) =>
-                cache.tryGet(e.link, async () => {
-                    const res = await ofetch(e.link, { headers: { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)' }, referer: 'https://www.google.com/' });
+                cache.tryGet(e.link!, async () => {
+                    const res = await ofetch(e.link!, { headers: { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)' }, referer: 'https://www.google.com/' } as FetchOptions<'json'>);
 
                     const $ = load(res);
 
@@ -59,5 +60,5 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 })
             )
         ),
-    };
+    } as unknown as Data;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/nytimes/utils.ts b/lib/routes/nytimes/utils.ts
index d350eef555..67f36ed9fc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nytimes/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nytimes/utils.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ const PuppeterGetter = async (ctx, context, link) => {
         await page.goto(link, {
             waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
         });
-        const response = await page.evaluate(() => document.querySelector('body').getHTML());
+        const response = await page.evaluate(() => document.querySelector('body')!.getHTML());
         return response;
     });
     return result;
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (data, hasEnVersion = false) => {
     const $ = load(data);
 
     let content;
-    const result = {};
+    const result: Pick<DataItem, 'description' | 'title' | 'author' | 'pubDate'> = { title: '' };
 
     // 处理 www.nytimes.com
     if (hasEnVersion) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/obsidian/publish.ts b/lib/routes/obsidian/publish.ts
index e71da429b0..03af51e7d6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/obsidian/publish.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/obsidian/publish.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     return {
         title: 'Obsidian Publish',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: items,
         link: 'https://publish.obsidian.md/',
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/oceanengine/arithmetic-index.tsx b/lib/routes/oceanengine/arithmetic-index.tsx
index e32d6352e8..1b2b244550 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oceanengine/arithmetic-index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/oceanengine/arithmetic-index.tsx
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import { routePath } from 'hono/route';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ const searchLinkNames = ['今日热榜', '百度', '谷歌', '知乎', '微博',
 const createContent = (keyword, queryList, queryListText) =>
     renderToString(
         <OceanengineContent
-            keyword={keyword}
             queryListText={queryListText}
             queries={queryList.map((query) => ({
                 links: searchLinkUrls(encodeURIComponent(query)).map((url, index) => `<a href="${url}" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">${searchLinkNames[index]}</a>`),
@@ -163,7 +162,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${keyword} - ${channelName}指数波峰`,
         link,
         description: `巨量算数 - ${channelName}算数指数 | 关键词: ${keyword}`,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/odaily/activity.ts b/lib/routes/odaily/activity.ts
index 8146206fd2..8aeebf862e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/odaily/activity.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/odaily/activity.ts
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     content(el).attr(
                         'src',
                         content(el)
-                            .attr('src')
+                            .attr('src')!
                             .replaceAll(String.raw`\"`, '')
                     );
                 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/odaily/user.ts b/lib/routes/odaily/user.ts
index ab70a5290f..79f7ae228d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/odaily/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/odaily/user.ts
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     content(el).attr(
                         'src',
                         content(el)
-                            .attr('src')
+                            .attr('src')!
                             .replaceAll(String.raw`\"`, '')
                     );
                 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/oeeee/utils.ts b/lib/routes/oeeee/utils.ts
index 22dd547f87..14c9ad3b3e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oeeee/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oeeee/utils.ts
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
             content('.taglist, .J_ndlogo, .zan-shang, .sourcelist-box, #shareContain, .buyCopyright, .article-info, .icon, .special').remove();
             item.description +=
                 content('.post-cont')
-                    .html()
+                    .html()!
                     .replaceAll(/data:image\S*=="\s*original="/g, '') ?? '';
             if (!item.pubDate) {
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.introduce').text().split()), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.introduce').text()), 8);
             }
         }
         // oeeee news page:
diff --git a/lib/routes/oilchem/index.ts b/lib/routes/oilchem/index.ts
index af9d321bde..1d65d97eda 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oilchem/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oilchem/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -52,18 +52,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.list ul ul li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         content('.xq-head')
                             .find('span')
                             .text()
-                            .match(/发布时间：\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}/)[0],
+                            .match(/发布时间：\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}/)![0],
                         'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'
                     ),
                     8
diff --git a/lib/routes/oncc/index.tsx b/lib/routes/oncc/index.tsx
index 1623800069..42684aac32 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oncc/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/oncc/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -69,10 +69,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('#focusNews > div.focusItem[type=article]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const title = $(item).find('div.focusTitle > span').text();
             const link = rootUrl + $(item).find('a:nth-child(1)').attr('href');
-            const pubDate = parseDate($(item).attr('edittime'), 'YYYYMMDDHHmmss');
+            const pubDate = parseDate($(item).attr('edittime')!, 'YYYYMMDDHHmmss');
 
             return {
                 title,
@@ -83,14 +83,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map(async (item) => {
-            const desc = await cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            const desc = await cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got.get(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.data);
                 const imageUrl = rootUrl + $('img').eq(0).attr('src');
                 const content = $('div.breakingNewsContent').html();
                 const description = renderArticleDescription({
                     imageUrl,
-                    content,
+                    content: content ?? undefined,
                 });
 
                 return description;
diff --git a/lib/routes/oncc/money18.ts b/lib/routes/oncc/money18.ts
index a188bdbc7c..07e68087d4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oncc/money18.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oncc/money18.ts
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             });
             hasArticle = true;
         } catch (error) {
-            if (error.code === 'ERR_NON_2XX_3XX_RESPONSE') {
+            if ((error as { code?: string }).code === 'ERR_NON_2XX_3XX_RESPONSE') {
                 hasArticle = false;
                 apiUrl = toApiUrl(dayjs().subtract(++i, 'day').format('YYYYMMDD'));
             }
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     if (id !== 'ipo') {
         items = await Promise.all(
             items.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
                         url: item.link,
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     item.description = renderDescription({
                         images: content('.photo img')
                             .toArray()
-                            .map((i) => content(i).attr('src')),
-                        description: content('.content').html(),
+                            .map((i) => content(i).attr('src')!),
+                        description: content('.content').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
 
                     return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/onehu/common.ts b/lib/routes/onehu/common.ts
index ddc5e3091e..4ec624ec75 100644
--- a/lib/routes/onehu/common.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/onehu/common.ts
@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('#board article')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.index-header').text(),
-                link: item.find('.index-header').children('a').attr('href'),
-                description: item.find('.index-excerpt.index-excerpt__noimg').children('div').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.post-meta.mr-3').children('time').attr('datetime'), 'YYYY年MM月DD日 HH:mm'), 8),
+                title: $item.find('.index-header').text(),
+                link: $item.find('.index-header').children('a').attr('href'),
+                description: $item.find('.index-excerpt.index-excerpt__noimg').children('div').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.post-meta.mr-3').children('time').attr('datetime')!, 'YYYY年MM月DD日 HH:mm'), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/onet/news.tsx b/lib/routes/onet/news.tsx
index ae6d02f704..fe533d5a22 100644
--- a/lib/routes/onet/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/onet/news.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(rssUrl);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map(async (item) => {
-            const { description, author, category } = await cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            const { description, author, category } = await cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         referer: 'https://www.onet.pl/', // for some reason onet.pl will redirect to the main page if referer is not set
@@ -60,22 +60,22 @@ async function handler() {
                 return { description, author, category };
             });
             return {
-                title: item.title,
+                title: item.title!,
                 link: item.link,
                 description,
                 author,
                 category,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.pubDate),
+                pubDate: parseDate(item.pubDate!),
                 guid: item.id,
             };
         })
     );
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.title,
         item: items,
-        language: 'pl',
+        language: 'pl' as Language,
         image: 'https://ocdn.eu/wiadomosciucs/static/logo2017/onet2017big_dark.png',
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/oo-software/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/oo-software/changelog.ts
index 06032cd86b..15c1a7bd28 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oo-software/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oo-software/changelog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -43,16 +43,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = $('.content h4')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.text();
+            const title = $item.text();
 
             return {
                 title,
                 link: `${currentUrl}#${title.split(' – ', 1)[0]}`,
-                description: item.next().html(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(title.match(/released (on )?(.*)$/)[2], 'MMMM DD, YYYY'),
+                description: $item.next().html(),
+                pubDate: parseDate(title.match(/released (on )?(.*)$/)![2], 'MMMM DD, YYYY'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/openai/cookbook.ts b/lib/routes/openai/cookbook.ts
index 73acb8fe4c..ab5eeb18bb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/openai/cookbook.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/openai/cookbook.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
         let items = $('[class="min-h-[90vh] mt-4"] .grid a')
             .toArray()
-            .map((element) => {
+            .map((element): DataItem => {
                 const $element = $(element);
                 const $title = $element.find('div.font-semibold.text-sm.text-primary.line-clamp-1.overflow-ellipsis');
                 const $date = $element.find(String.raw`span.text-xs.text-muted-foreground.md\:w-24.text-end`);
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ async function handler() {
         items = (
             await Promise.all(
                 items.map((item) =>
-                    cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                    cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                         try {
-                            const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                            const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                             const $ = load(detailResponse);
 
                             item.description = $(String.raw`article.prose.prose-sm.sm\:prose-base.max-w-none.dark\:prose-invert`).html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/openwrt/releases.ts b/lib/routes/openwrt/releases.ts
index 8c8532aeb0..3148a39737 100644
--- a/lib/routes/openwrt/releases.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/openwrt/releases.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('h1').text() + ' - OpenWrt Releases',
         link: url,
         description: $('.dw-content div.level1').text(),
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: [
             {
                 title: table.find('.supported_current_rel').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/oreno3d/get-sec-page-data.ts b/lib/routes/oreno3d/get-sec-page-data.ts
index 8bf45dc730..0f87412ea6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oreno3d/get-sec-page-data.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oreno3d/get-sec-page-data.ts
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ export const sync_detail = async (link) => {
     const response = await got(link);
     const $ = load(response.data);
     // 创建列表
-    const tags = [];
-    const authors = [];
-    const origins = [];
-    const characters = [];
+    const tags: string[] = [];
+    const authors: string[] = [];
+    const origins: string[] = [];
+    const characters: string[] = [];
     // 筛选
     const raw_pic_link = rootUrl + $(raw_pic_selector).find('img').attr('src');
     const video_name = $(video_name_selector).text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/oreno3d/main.tsx b/lib/routes/oreno3d/main.tsx
index 5625247089..599aeaf6c1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oreno3d/main.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/oreno3d/main.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
-import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import { sync_detail as get_sec_page_data } from './get-sec-page-data';
@@ -128,17 +127,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     </>
                 );
                 const title = `${video_name} - ${authors}`;
-                const realData = await cache.tryGet(oreno3d_link, () => {
-                    const result = {
-                        title,
-                        author: authors,
-                        link: oreno3d_link,
-                        category: tags.split(' '),
-                        description,
-                    };
-                    return result;
-                });
-                return realData;
+                return {
+                    title,
+                    author: authors,
+                    link: oreno3d_link,
+                    category: tags.split(' '),
+                    description,
+                };
             })
         );
         return { items, title };
@@ -156,7 +151,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     if ($(maxPageSelector)) {
         const pageLink = new URLSearchParams($(maxPageSelector).attr('href'));
         const actualNum = pageLink.get('page'); // 获取最大页数
-        if (Number.parseInt(pagelimit) >= Number.parseInt(actualNum)) {
+        if (Number.parseInt(pagelimit) >= Number.parseInt(actualNum ?? '')) {
             pagelimit = actualNum;
         }
     } else {
@@ -166,7 +161,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const responseList = [response];
     // 将第一页的数据加入数组
     // 创建不含第一页链接的数组
-    const Links = [];
+    const Links: string[] = [];
     for (let i = 1; i < pagelimit; i++) {
         Links.push(`${userUrl}&page=${i + 1}`);
     }
@@ -178,7 +173,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         })
     );
     // 由数组索引获取初步分析数据
-    const tempData = [];
+    const tempData: any[] = [];
     await Promise.all(
         responseList.map(async (response) => {
             const result = await getData(response);
@@ -186,7 +181,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         })
     );
     // 拼接多页面item
-    let realItem = [];
+    let realItem: any[] = [];
     for (const data of tempData) {
         realItem = [...realItem, ...data.items];
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ornl/all-news.ts b/lib/routes/ornl/all-news.ts
index 4b31114351..e887a0445b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ornl/all-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ornl/all-news.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.view-rows-main div.list-item-wrapper')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('div.list-item-title h2 a');
             const $imgEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('div.list-item-thumbnail-wrapper img');
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
                 const $$imgEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$('div.image-landscape img');
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                               },
                           ]
                         : undefined,
-                    description: $$('div.image-description').html(),
+                    description: $$('div.image-description').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('div.publish-date time').attr('datetime');
                 const authorEls: Element[] = $$('div.related-researcher-container').toArray();
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[name="twitter:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/oschina/column.ts b/lib/routes/oschina/column.ts
index 103d9ae8e7..8b8ed5e7e8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oschina/column.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oschina/column.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.news-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('div.title').text();
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -75,16 +75,16 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     $$('.ad-wrap').remove();
 
                     const title: string = $$('h1.article-box__title').text();
                     const description: string = renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('div.content').html(),
+                        description: $$('div.content').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
-                    const pubDateEl: Element = $$('div.article-box__meta div.item-list div.item')
+                    const pubDateEl: Element | undefined = $$('div.article-box__meta div.item-list div.item')
                         .toArray()
                         .find((i) => /\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}/.test($$(i).text()));
                     const pubDateStr: string | undefined = pubDateEl ? $$(pubDateEl).text() : undefined;
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const extraLinkEls: Element[] = $$('div.related-links-box ul.link-list li a').toArray();
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.logo img').attr('src'),
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('val[data-name="weixinShareUrl"]').attr('data-value'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/oschina/event.ts b/lib/routes/oschina/event.ts
index 8fb4dda545..e4a8d22c11 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oschina/event.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oschina/event.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.event-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('a.summary').text();
@@ -48,11 +48,11 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                           },
                       ]
                     : undefined,
-                description: $el.html(),
+                description: $el.html() ?? undefined,
             });
             const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $el.find('footer.when-where label').first().text();
             const linkUrl: string | undefined = $el.find('a.summary').attr('href');
-            const categoryEl: Element = $el.find('footer.when-where label').last();
+            const categoryEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('footer.when-where label').last();
             const categories: string[] = [categoryEl.text()];
             const authorEls: Element[] = $el.find('div.sponsor').toArray();
             const authors: DataItem['author'] = authorEls.map((authorEl) => {
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('h1').text();
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                                   },
                               ]
                             : undefined,
-                        description: $$('div.event-detail').html(),
+                        description: $$('div.event-detail').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                     const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('span.box-fl')
                         .filter((_, el) => $$(el).text().includes('时间'))
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const extraLinkEls: Element[] = $$('div.aside-list ul li').toArray();
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         link: targetUrl,
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/oschina/topic.ts b/lib/routes/oschina/topic.ts
index 739164e8e4..0b6358e057 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oschina/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oschina/topic.ts
@@ -44,20 +44,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#questionList .question-item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const date = item.find('.extra > .list > .item:nth-of-type(2)').text();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const date = $item.find('.extra > .list > .item:nth-of-type(2)').text();
             return {
-                title: item.find('.header').text(),
-                description: item.find('.description').html(),
-                link: item.find('.header').attr('href'),
-                author: item.find('.extra > .list > .item:nth-of-type(1)').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.header').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.description').html(),
+                link: $item.find('.header').attr('href'),
+                author: $item.find('.extra > .list > .item:nth-of-type(1)').text(),
                 pubDate: timezone(/\//.test(date) ? parseDate(date, ['YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm', 'MM/DD HH:mm']) : parseRelativeDate(date), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const resultItem = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const content = await loadContent(item.link);
                     content('.ad-wrap').remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/oshwhub/explore.ts b/lib/routes/oshwhub/explore.ts
index 968833c20e..32e9c0c035 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oshwhub/explore.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oshwhub/explore.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             description,
             pubDate: pubDate ? parseDate(pubDate) : undefined,
             link: linkUrl ? new URL(item.link, baseUrl).href : undefined,
-            categories,
+            category: categories,
             author: authors,
             guid,
             id: guid,
@@ -115,8 +115,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
-            uuid: item.uuid,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -129,7 +128,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const projectId = item.guid.replace(/^oshwhub-/, '');
+                const projectId = item.guid!.replace(/^oshwhub-/, '');
                 const detailUrl = new URL(`api/project/${projectId}`, baseUrl).href;
                 const detailResponse = await ofetch(detailUrl);
 
@@ -198,7 +197,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 const attachment = attachments?.[0];
@@ -236,7 +235,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: title.split(/-/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/osu/beatmaps/latest-ranked.tsx b/lib/routes/osu/beatmaps/latest-ranked.tsx
index 38987c33a0..f150bee717 100644
--- a/lib/routes/osu/beatmaps/latest-ranked.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/osu/beatmaps/latest-ranked.tsx
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
                     </li>
                 </ul>
                 <h3>Difficulties</h3>
-                <table border="1">
+                <table border={1}>
                     <thead>
                         <tr>
                             <th>Version</th>
diff --git a/lib/routes/otobanana/cast.ts b/lib/routes/otobanana/cast.ts
index 5c6846a2ea..fb24bb8787 100644
--- a/lib/routes/otobanana/cast.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/otobanana/cast.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import { apiBase, baseUrl, getUserInfo, renderCast } from './utils';
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: userInfo.avatar_url,
         icon: userInfo.avatar_url,
         logo: userInfo.avatar_url,
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         author: userInfo.name,
         itunes_author: userInfo.name,
         item: casts,
diff --git a/lib/routes/otobanana/livestream.ts b/lib/routes/otobanana/livestream.ts
index 5246841203..5bce1a6d97 100644
--- a/lib/routes/otobanana/livestream.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/otobanana/livestream.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import { apiBase, baseUrl, getUserInfo, renderLive } from './utils';
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: userInfo.avatar_url,
         icon: userInfo.avatar_url,
         logo: userInfo.avatar_url,
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         author: userInfo.name,
         itunes_author: userInfo.name,
         item: casts,
diff --git a/lib/routes/otobanana/timeline.ts b/lib/routes/otobanana/timeline.ts
index d45f680282..f06b3fd68b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/otobanana/timeline.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/otobanana/timeline.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import { apiBase, baseUrl, getUserInfo, renderPost } from './utils';
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: userInfo.avatar_url,
         icon: userInfo.avatar_url,
         logo: userInfo.avatar_url,
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         author: userInfo.name,
         itunes_author: userInfo.name,
         item: posts,
diff --git a/lib/routes/ouc/it-postgraduate.ts b/lib/routes/ouc/it-postgraduate.ts
index 49af3d162c..5df17dfc75 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ouc/it-postgraduate.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ouc/it-postgraduate.ts
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
-                    title: a.attr('title'),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), link).href,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                    title: a.attr('title')!,
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, link).href,
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ouc/it-tx.ts b/lib/routes/ouc/it-tx.ts
index 56cfb5f272..73fc522925 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ouc/it-tx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ouc/it-tx.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,19 +44,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('ul.wp_article_list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), host).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('span.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, host).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('span.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 item.author = '中国海洋大学信息科学与工程学院';
diff --git a/lib/routes/ouc/it.ts b/lib/routes/ouc/it.ts
index e283c5a857..0393100152 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ouc/it.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ouc/it.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,19 +44,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.col_news_list .news_list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), host).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('span.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, host).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('span.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 item.author = '中国海洋大学信息科学与工程学院';
diff --git a/lib/routes/ouc/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/ouc/jwc.ts
index 5c182cb53c..47ff822951 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ouc/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ouc/jwc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,19 +35,19 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.wp_article_list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: a.attr('href').startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : 'https://jwc.ouc.edu.cn' + a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('span.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: a.attr('href')!.startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : 'https://jwc.ouc.edu.cn' + a.attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('span.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 item.author = '中国海洋大学教务处';
diff --git a/lib/routes/ouc/jwgl.ts b/lib/routes/ouc/jwgl.ts
index ab65fa23c8..f631fe3cb0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ouc/jwgl.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ouc/jwgl.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.datalist table tbody tr')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const noticeId = e
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const noticeId = $e
                 .find('a')
-                .attr('onclick')
-                .match(/viewNotice\('(.+?)'\)/)[1];
-            const tds = e.find('td');
+                .attr('onclick')!
+                .match(/viewNotice\('(.+?)'\)/)![1];
+            const tds = $e.find('td');
             return {
                 title: tds.eq(2).text(),
                 link: 'http://jwgl.ouc.edu.cn/public/viewSchoolNoticeDetail.action?schoolNoticeId=' + noticeId,
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 item.description = $('div.notice').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/ouc/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/ouc/yjs.ts
index be668c865a..f0db690349 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ouc/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ouc/yjs.ts
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
-                    title: a.attr('title'),
-                    link: new URL(a.attr('href'), link).href,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text()),
+                    title: a.attr('title')!,
+                    link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, link).href,
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text()),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/oup/index.tsx b/lib/routes/oup/index.tsx
index 9a88c6d6dd..787febb6e7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oup/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/oup/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,15 +44,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response._data);
     const list = $('div.al-article-items')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a.at-articleLink').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a.at-articleLink').attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('a.at-articleLink').text(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('a.at-articleLink').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link, {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!, {
                     headers: {
                         Cookie: cookies,
                     },
@@ -80,6 +82,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `OUP - ${name}`,
         link: url,
         item: items,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/outagereport/index.ts b/lib/routes/outagereport/index.ts
index 59a2ee124d..5910b28081 100644
--- a/lib/routes/outagereport/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/outagereport/index.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const rssDescribe = html.match(rssDescribeRegexp)[1];
 
     // list ("Array" in js, though) of items
-    const outageHistory = [];
+    const outageHistory: any[] = [];
 
     // 2020-09-17 output as long as it exists, avoid reporting errors
     // compatible with optional variables
diff --git a/lib/routes/p-articles/contributors.ts b/lib/routes/p-articles/contributors.ts
index 28a1b26934..b2380773d3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/p-articles/contributors.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/p-articles/contributors.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const info = {
                 title: $(element).find('h3').text(),
-                link: new URL($(element).attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(element).attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
             return info;
         });
@@ -50,6 +50,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '虚词 p-articles',
         link: authorUrl,
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/p-articles/section.ts b/lib/routes/p-articles/section.ts
index ae53abd380..c5a2327ad3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/p-articles/section.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/p-articles/section.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
     const topInfo = {
         title: $('div.inner_top_title_01 > h1 > a').text(),
-        link: new URL($('div.inner_top_title_01 > h1 > a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+        link: new URL($('div.inner_top_title_01 > h1 > a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
     };
 
     const list = $('div.contect_box_04 > a')
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const info = {
                 title: $(element).find('h1').text().trim(),
-                link: new URL($(element).attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                link: new URL($(element).attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
             return info;
         });
@@ -57,6 +57,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '虚词 p-articles',
         link: sectionUrl,
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/pacilution/latest.ts b/lib/routes/pacilution/latest.ts
index e522812702..93d1450bd1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pacilution/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pacilution/latest.ts
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async () => {
                                 image: 'http://www.pacilution.com/img/top_banner.jpg',
                                 content,
                                 updated: date,
-                                language: 'zh-cn',
+                                language: 'zh-CN',
                             };
                         } catch {
                             return null as unknown as DataItem;
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async () => {
                     })
                 )
             )
-        ).filter((item) => item !== null) as DataItem[],
+        ).filter((item): item is DataItem => item !== null),
         allowEmpty: true,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN',
         feedLink: 'https://rsshub.app/pacilution/latest',
         id: 'https://rsshub.app/pacilution/latest',
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/papers/category.ts b/lib/routes/papers/category.ts
index 5f08828aa2..82c978d2d2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/papers/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/papers/category.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('div.paper')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('a.title-link').text();
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 guid,
                 id: guid,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 0) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             const $enclosureEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a.title-pdf');
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         feedLink: `${targetUrl}/feed`,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/papers/query.ts b/lib/routes/papers/query.ts
index 9250c4ea15..874a5d0b18 100644
--- a/lib/routes/papers/query.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/papers/query.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         });
 
         return {
-            title,
+            title: title!,
             description,
             pubDate: parseDate(item.pubDate ?? ''),
             link: item.link,
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 html: description,
                 text: item.content,
             },
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
             enclosure_url: pdfUrl,
             enclosure_type: 'application/pdf',
             enclosure_title: title,
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     });
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         description: feed.description,
         link: currentUrl,
         item: items,
diff --git a/lib/routes/parliament.uk/petitions.tsx b/lib/routes/parliament.uk/petitions.tsx
index 01d502285a..66d22774ac 100644
--- a/lib/routes/parliament.uk/petitions.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/parliament.uk/petitions.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 text: attributes.background,
             },
             updated: parseDate(attributes.updated_at),
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
             _extra: {
                 links: extraLinks?.length ? extraLinks : undefined,
             },
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: feedImage,
         author: $('meta[name="msapplication-tooltip"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').prop('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/parliament/section77.ts b/lib/routes/parliament/section77.ts
index cb65100109..c7076e2248 100644
--- a/lib/routes/parliament/section77.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/parliament/section77.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { CookieJar } from 'tough-cookie';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -66,12 +66,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const result = {
         title,
         link: `${baseUrl}/survey_more_news.php${type ? '?type=' + type : ''}`,
-        language: 'th-th',
-        item: [],
+        language: 'th-th' as Language,
+        item: [] as DataItem[],
     };
 
     const queryParams = {
-        page: 1,
+        page: '1',
         type,
     };
     if (type) {
@@ -91,12 +91,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const actList = $('div.item-77')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}/${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                category: item
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}/${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                category: $item
                     .find('label')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((l) => $(l).text()),
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const actListFull = await Promise.all(
         actList.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got({
                     url: item.link,
                     cookieJar,
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 // Act draft status
                 const [, presenter, monetaryType] = $('.type77 h5').text().split(' ', 3);
                 item.category = [
-                    ...item.category,
-                    $('.container-fluid .bg-status .col-md-8.p-0 h5 span,a')
+                    ...(item.category as string[]),
+                    ...$('.container-fluid .bg-status .col-md-8.p-0 h5 span,a')
                         .toArray()
                         .map((statusElem) => $(statusElem).text()),
                     presenter,
@@ -143,8 +143,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const upvotePercent = Number(voteRegex[1]);
                     const downvotePercent = Number(voteRegex[2]);
 
-                    item.upvotes = Number.parseInt((upvotePercent / 100) * voteTotal);
-                    item.downvotes = Number.parseInt((downvotePercent / 100) * voteTotal);
+                    item.upvotes = Number.parseInt(((upvotePercent / 100) * voteTotal) as unknown as string);
+                    item.downvotes = Number.parseInt(((downvotePercent / 100) * voteTotal) as unknown as string);
                 }
 
                 const dateText = $('.banner-detail .banner-detail-caption .blockquote p:last-child').text();
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                                 ตุลาคม: 9,
                                 พฤศจิกายน: 10,
                                 ธันวาคม: 11,
-                            }[dateRegex[2].trim()],
+                            }[dateRegex[2].trim()]!,
                             Number.parseInt(dateRegex[1])
                         ),
                         7
diff --git a/lib/routes/patagonia/new-arrivals.tsx b/lib/routes/patagonia/new-arrivals.tsx
index feb54f457d..8253751f48 100644
--- a/lib/routes/patagonia/new-arrivals.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/patagonia/new-arrivals.tsx
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ const categoryMap = {
 function extractSfrmUrl(url) {
     const urlObj = new URL(url);
     const sfrmValue = urlObj.searchParams.get('sfrm');
-    urlObj.search = new URLSearchParams({ sfrm: sfrmValue }).toString();
+    urlObj.search = new URLSearchParams({ sfrm: sfrmValue as string }).toString();
     return urlObj.href;
 }
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -56,12 +56,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .toArray()
         .map((element) => {
             const data = {
-                title: $(element).find('.product-tile').data('tealium').product_name[0],
+                title: ($(element).find('.product-tile').data('tealium') as { product_name: string[] }).product_name[0],
                 link: host + '/' + $(element).find('[itemprop="url"]').attr('href'),
                 description: '',
                 category: $(element).find('[itemprop="category"]').attr('content'),
             };
-            let imgUrl = new URL($(element).find('[itemprop="image"]').attr('content'));
+            let imgUrl: string | URL = new URL($(element).find('[itemprop="image"]').attr('content')!);
             imgUrl = extractSfrmUrl(imgUrl);
 
             const price = $(element).find('[itemprop="price"]').eq(0).text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/patreon/feed.tsx b/lib/routes/patreon/feed.tsx
index 7d0d93d679..376195b59a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/patreon/feed.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/patreon/feed.tsx
@@ -198,12 +198,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             link: attributes.url,
             pubDate: parseDate(attributes.published_at),
             image: attributes.thumbnail?.url ?? attributes.image?.url,
-            category: relationships.user_defined_tags?.map((tag) => tag.attributes.value),
+            category: (relationships.user_defined_tags as unknown as Array<{ attributes: { value: string } }> | undefined)?.map((tag) => tag.attributes.value),
         };
     });
 
     return {
-        title: creatorData.attributes.name,
+        title: creatorData.attributes.name!,
         description: creatorData.attributes.creation_name,
         link,
         image:
diff --git a/lib/routes/patreon/render-content-json.tsx b/lib/routes/patreon/render-content-json.tsx
index 41c4118f28..dc94a50dfb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/patreon/render-content-json.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/patreon/render-content-json.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
+import type { FC } from 'hono/jsx';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
+import type { JSX } from 'hono/jsx/jsx-runtime';
 
 interface ContentNode {
     type: string;
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ const ContentNode = ({ node }: { node: ContentNode }) => {
             return <br />;
         case 'heading': {
             const level = Math.min(6, Math.max(1, Number(node.attrs?.level) || 3));
-            const Tag = `h${level}` as keyof JSX.IntrinsicElements;
+            const Tag = `h${level}` as unknown as FC;
             return (
                 <Tag>
                     {node.content?.map((child, index) => (
diff --git a/lib/routes/paulgraham/article.ts b/lib/routes/paulgraham/article.ts
index 45b4850c3d..2ab06ab743 100644
--- a/lib/routes/paulgraham/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/paulgraham/article.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,18 +42,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('font a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${author} - ${title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: title,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         image: $(`img[alt="${title}"]`).prop('src'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/penguin-random-house/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/penguin-random-house/utils.tsx
index c55ed63bab..c50ce5a8e8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/penguin-random-house/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/penguin-random-house/utils.tsx
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ const parseBookInList = (element) => {
         imageAlt = $('img.img-responsive').attr('alt');
     }
 
-    return renderBookDescription(imageSrc, imageAlt, title, author, description);
+    return renderBookDescription(imageSrc!, imageAlt!, title, author, description);
 };
 
 const parsePubDate = (data) => {
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ const parseArticle = (element) => {
     const description = $('h2.hdr-smalltxt').first().html();
     const imageSrc = $('div.img-block>img').first().attr('src');
     const imageAlt = $('div.img-block>img').first().attr('alt');
-    const descriptionBlock = renderArticleHeader(imageSrc, imageAlt, description);
+    const descriptionBlock = renderArticleHeader(imageSrc!, imageAlt!, description!);
 
     const mainBlock = $('div.main-content>p,div.main-content>ul')
         .toArray()
diff --git a/lib/routes/people/index.ts b/lib/routes/people/index.ts
index a732e652ed..d4fee710e0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/people/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/people/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,22 +44,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: link.indexOf('http') === 0 ? link : new URL(link.replace(/^\.\./, ''), articleRootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link!.replace(/^\.\./, ''), articleRootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
-                    const detailPage = await fetchPage(item.link);
+                    const detailPage = await fetchPage(item.link!);
 
                     detailPage.$('.paper_num, #rwb_tjyd').remove();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/people/liuyan.ts b/lib/routes/people/liuyan.ts
index e94b34cb79..6378a483cd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/people/liuyan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/people/liuyan.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import { escapeText } from 'entities';
-
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -31,7 +29,7 @@ type ApiResponse = {
     success: boolean;
 };
 
-const formatText = (text: string) => escapeText(text).replaceAll(/\r?\n/g, '<br>');
+const formatText = (text: string) => text.replaceAll(/\r?\n/g, '<br>');
 
 const getDescription = (message: Message) => {
     const content = `<p>${formatText(message.content)}</p>`;
@@ -39,12 +37,12 @@ const getDescription = (message: Message) => {
         return content;
     }
 
-    const organization = escapeText(message.answerOrganization ?? '官方回复');
+    const organization = message.answerOrganization ?? '官方回复';
     return `${content}<hr><p><strong>${organization}</strong></p><p>${formatText(message.answerContent)}</p>`;
 };
 
 export const route: Route = {
-    path: '/liuyan/:id?/:state?',
+    path: '/liuyan/:id/:state?',
     categories: ['traditional-media'],
     example: '/people/liuyan/539',
     parameters: { id: '编号，可在对应人物页 URL 中找到', state: '状态，见下表，默认为全部' },
@@ -67,9 +65,6 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const fid = ctx.req.param('id');
-    if (!fid) {
-        throw new InvalidParameterError('Forum id is required');
-    }
     if (!/^\d+$/.test(fid)) {
         throw new InvalidParameterError(`Invalid forum id '${fid}'`);
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/people/paper.ts b/lib/routes/people/paper.ts
index 653d869337..703f5b6b24 100644
--- a/lib/routes/people/paper.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/people/paper.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
-import pMap from 'p-map';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
 import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
@@ -23,8 +22,6 @@ type PaperArticle = DataItem & {
 
 const normalizeText = (text: string) => text.replaceAll(/\s+/g, ' ').trim();
 
-const fetchHtml = (url: string) => cache.tryGet(url, () => ofetch<string>(url));
-
 const getEditionDate = (url: string) => {
     const match = url.match(/\/(\d{4})(\d{2})\/(\d{2})\//);
     if (!match) {
@@ -34,7 +31,7 @@ const getEditionDate = (url: string) => {
 };
 
 const getPages = async () => {
-    const html = await fetchHtml(indexUrl);
+    const html = await ofetch<string>(indexUrl);
     const $ = load(html);
     const pages = $('#list li a[href]')
         .toArray()
@@ -57,56 +54,39 @@ const getPages = async () => {
     return pages;
 };
 
-const getArticles = async (page: PaperPage, pubDate: Date): Promise<PaperArticle[]> => {
-    const html = await fetchHtml(page.url);
-    const $ = load(html);
-    return $('.news-list a[href]')
-        .toArray()
-        .map((element) => ({
-            title: normalizeText($(element).text()),
-            link: new URL($(element).attr('href') ?? '', page.url).href,
-            category: [page.title],
-            pubDate,
-        }));
-};
+const getArticles = (page: PaperPage, pubDate: Date): Promise<PaperArticle[]> =>
+    cache.tryGet(page.url, async () => {
+        const html = await ofetch<string>(page.url);
+        const $ = load(html);
+        return $('.news-list a[href]')
+            .toArray()
+            .map((element) => ({
+                title: normalizeText($(element).text()),
+                link: new URL($(element).attr('href') ?? '', page.url).href,
+                category: [page.title],
+                pubDate,
+            }));
+    });
 
-const getArticleDetail = async (article: PaperArticle): Promise<PaperArticle> => {
-    try {
-        return await cache.tryGet(article.link, async () => {
-            const html = await ofetch<string>(article.link);
-            const $ = load(html);
-            const content = $('#ozoom');
+const getArticleDetail = (article: PaperArticle): Promise<PaperArticle> =>
+    cache.tryGet(article.link, async () => {
+        const html = await ofetch<string>(article.link);
+        const $ = load(html);
+        const content = $('#ozoom');
 
-            content.find('img[src]').each((_, image) => {
-                const src = $(image).attr('src');
-                if (src) {
-                    $(image).attr('src', new URL(src, article.link).href);
-                }
-            });
-            content.find('a[href]').each((_, anchor) => {
-                const href = $(anchor).attr('href');
-                if (href) {
-                    $(anchor).attr('href', new URL(href, article.link).href);
-                }
-            });
+        const byline = $('.article > .sec');
+        const date = normalizeText(byline.find('.newstime').text());
+        byline.find('.date').remove();
+        const author = normalizeText(byline.text());
 
-            const byline = $('.article > .sec').clone();
-            byline.find('.date').remove();
-            const author = normalizeText(byline.text());
-            const date = normalizeText($('.article > .sec .newstime').first().text());
-
-            return {
-                ...article,
-                title: normalizeText($('.article > h1').text()) || article.title,
-                description: content.html()?.trim(),
-                pubDate: date ? parseDate(date, 'YYYY年MM月DD日') : article.pubDate,
-                author: author || undefined,
-            };
-        });
-    } catch {
-        return article;
-    }
-};
+        return {
+            ...article,
+            title: normalizeText($('.article > h1').text()) || article.title,
+            description: content.html()?.trim(),
+            pubDate: date ? parseDate(date, 'YYYY年MM月DD日') : article.pubDate,
+            author: author || undefined,
+        };
+    });
 
 export const route: Route = {
     path: '/paper/:page?',
@@ -140,9 +120,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const editionDate = getEditionDate(pages[0].url);
     const pubDate = parseDate(editionDate, 'YYYY年MM月DD日');
     const targetPages = selectedPage ? [selectedPage] : pages;
-    const articleLists = await pMap(targetPages, (page) => getArticles(page, pubDate), { concurrency: 5 });
-    const uniqueArticles = new Map(articleLists.flat().map((article) => [article.link, article])).values().toArray().slice(0, limit);
-    const items = await pMap(uniqueArticles, getArticleDetail, { concurrency: 5 });
+    const articleLists = await Promise.all(targetPages.map((page) => getArticles(page, pubDate)));
+    const articles = articleLists.flat().slice(0, limit);
+    const items = await Promise.all(articles.map((article) => getArticleDetail(article)));
 
     return {
         title: `人民日报电子版${selectedPage ? ` - ${selectedPage.title}` : ''} - ${editionDate}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/peopo/topic.ts b/lib/routes/peopo/topic.ts
index bed66d8686..b7701056da 100644
--- a/lib/routes/peopo/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/peopo/topic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -58,17 +58,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.view-list-title')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     .toArray()
                     .map((item) => $(item).find('a').text());
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('.submitted span').text()), 8);
-                item.description = ($('.field-name-field-video-id .field-items').text() ? $('.field-name-field-video-id input').attr('value') : '') + $('.post_text_s .field-items').html();
+                item.description = ($('.field-name-field-video-id .field-items').text() ? $('.field-name-field-video-id input').attr('value') : '')! + $('.post_text_s .field-items').html()!;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link: url,
-        language: 'zh-TW',
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/perplexity/blog.ts b/lib/routes/perplexity/blog.ts
index a014fcaf8a..e573f02848 100644
--- a/lib/routes/perplexity/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/perplexity/blog.ts
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
                 const $content = load(contentHtml);
 
-                let pubDate: string | number | Date | undefined = item.pubDate;
+                let pubDate: string | number | Date | undefined = item.pubDate ?? undefined;
                 if (!pubDate) {
                     const timeEl = $content('time[datetime]').first();
                     if (timeEl.length) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/phoronix/index.ts b/lib/routes/phoronix/index.ts
index e882173470..be60495a0a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/phoronix/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/phoronix/index.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import dayjs from 'dayjs';
 import timezone from 'dayjs/plugin/timezone.js';
 import utc from 'dayjs/plugin/utc.js';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ const webFetchCb = (response) => {
         icon: 'https://www.phoronix.com/android-chrome-192x192.png',
         image: 'https://www.phoronix.com/android-chrome-192x192.png',
         logo: 'https://www.phoronix.com/phxcms7-css/phoronix.png',
-        category: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content').split(', '),
+        category: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')!.split(', '),
     };
 };
 
@@ -76,7 +77,8 @@ const webFetch = (url) =>
         try {
             return webFetchCb(await got(url));
         } catch (error) {
-            if ((error.name === 'HTTPError' || error.name === 'FetchError') && error.response.statusCode === 404) {
+            const err = error as { name: string; response: { statusCode: number } };
+            if ((err.name === 'HTTPError' || err.name === 'FetchError') && err.response.statusCode === 404) {
                 return '404';
             }
             throw error;
@@ -173,7 +175,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     .slice(0, -2)
                     .toArray()
                     .map((e) => $(e).text());
-                const category = [];
+                const category: string[] = [];
                 if (item.link.includes('/news/')) {
                     category.push('News');
                 } else if (item.link.includes('/review/')) {
@@ -186,7 +188,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 let pubDate;
                 if (!item.pubDate) {
                     // the text next to the category is the date
-                    let pubDateReadable = categorySelector.length && categorySelector[0].nextSibling?.nodeValue;
+                    let pubDateReadable = categorySelector.length && (categorySelector[0].nextSibling as Text | null)?.nodeValue;
                     if (pubDateReadable) {
                         pubDateReadable = pubDateReadable.replaceAll(/on|at|\./g, '').trim();
                         pubDate = /\d{4}$/.test(pubDateReadable)
@@ -227,11 +229,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                                 const html = response.data;
                                 const $$ = load(html);
                                 const page = $$('.content');
-                                return page.html();
+                                return page.html() ?? '';
                             })
                         )
                     );
-                    content.append(pages);
+                    content.append(pages as unknown as string);
                 }
 
                 const images = content.find('img');
diff --git a/lib/routes/pianyuan/search.ts b/lib/routes/pianyuan/search.ts
index db563ad1c6..ab17af2041 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pianyuan/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pianyuan/search.ts
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         throw new Error('pianyuan 搜索失败');
     }
 
-    const detailLinks = [];
+    const detailLinks: Array<string | undefined> = [];
 
     await Promise.all(
         searchLinks.map(async (e) => {
-            const link = new URL(e, link_base).href;
-            const single = await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+            const link = new URL(e!, link_base).href;
+            const single = await cache.tryGet(link, async (): Promise<any> => {
                 const res = await utils.request(link, cache);
                 const content = load(res.data);
                 detailLinks.push(
diff --git a/lib/routes/pianyuan/utils.ts b/lib/routes/pianyuan/utils.ts
index 17f4b6174a..19a7813c4f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pianyuan/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pianyuan/utils.ts
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ const ProcessFeed = async (list, cache) => {
                 const size = content('#main-container > div > div.col-sm-10.col-md-8.col-lg-8 > div > ul > li:nth-child(2)').text();
                 let length;
                 if (size.includes('MB')) {
-                    length = size.replace('MB', '') * 1024;
+                    length = Number(size.replace('MB', '')) * 1024;
                 } else if (size.includes('GB')) {
-                    length = size.replace('GB', '') * 1024 * 1024;
+                    length = Number(size.replace('GB', '')) * 1024 * 1024;
                 }
                 // const description ='';
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/picuki/profile.ts b/lib/routes/picuki/profile.ts
index b53e48f857..b92c7ae61b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/picuki/profile.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/picuki/profile.ts
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 },
             });
         } catch (error) {
-            if (error.status === 403) {
+            if ((error as { status?: number }).status === 403) {
                 const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(profileUrl, {
                     onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
                         const expectResourceTypes = new Set(['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch']);
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 response = await page.content();
                 await destroy();
             } else {
-                throw new NotFoundError(error.message);
+                throw new NotFoundError((error as Error).message);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/pikabu/community.ts b/lib/routes/pikabu/community.ts
index df481f08f9..3e1a872cfe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pikabu/community.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pikabu/community.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
         fixImage(content);
         content.find('.player').each((_, elem) => {
-            elem = $(elem);
-            fixVideo(elem);
+            const $elem = $(elem);
+            fixVideo($elem);
         });
         return {
             title: data.name,
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: response.data.title,
         link: `${baseUrl}/${type}/${name}`,
-        language: 'ru-RU',
+        language: 'ru-ru' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/pikabu/user.ts b/lib/routes/pikabu/user.ts
index 6f78330ca6..6b3a032f8a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pikabu/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pikabu/user.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -44,28 +44,28 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .not('.story__placeholder')
         .toArray()
         .map((story) => {
-            story = $(story);
+            const $story = $(story);
 
-            const a = story.find('.story__title a');
-            fixImage(story);
-            story.find('.player').each((_, elem) => {
-                elem = $(elem);
-                fixVideo(elem);
+            const a = $story.find('.story__title a');
+            fixImage($story);
+            $story.find('.player').each((_, elem) => {
+                const $elem = $(elem);
+                fixVideo($elem);
             });
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(story.find('time').attr('datetime')),
-                description: story.find('.story__content-inner').html(),
-                author: story.find('.user__nick').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($story.find('time').attr('datetime')!),
+                description: $story.find('.story__content-inner').html(),
+                author: $story.find('.user__nick').text(),
             };
         });
 
     return {
-        title: $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content'),
+        title: $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content')!,
         description: $('.profile__user-about-content').text(),
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
-        language: 'ru-RU',
+        language: 'ru-ru' as Language,
         link,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/pincong/index.ts b/lib/routes/pincong/index.ts
index 06d3219904..fc01b41ae1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pincong/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pincong/index.ts
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => ({
             title: $(item).find('h4 a').text().trim(),
             link: baseUrl + $(item).find('h4 a').attr('href'),
-            pubDate: parseDate($(item).attr('data-created-at') * 1000),
+            pubDate: parseDate(Number($(item).attr('data-created-at')) * 1000),
         })),
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/pincong/topic.ts b/lib/routes/pincong/topic.ts
index 904c7cec4b..2885def5ef 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pincong/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pincong/topic.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => ({
             title: $(item).find('h4 a').text().trim(),
             link: baseUrl + $(item).find('h4 a').attr('href'),
-            pubDate: parseDate($(item).attr('data-created-at') * 1000),
+            pubDate: parseDate(Number($(item).attr('data-created-at')) * 1000),
         })),
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/pingwest/status.ts b/lib/routes/pingwest/status.ts
index b03a239744..d051052d52 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pingwest/status.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pingwest/status.ts
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ async function handler() {
             let description = rightNode.text();
             const imgUrl = $item('.news-img img');
             if (imgUrl.length) {
-                imgUrl.attr('src', imgUrl.attr('src').split('?x-', 1)[0]);
+                imgUrl.attr('src', imgUrl.attr('src')!.split('?x-', 1)[0]);
                 description += `<br>${imgUrl.parent().html()}`;
             }
             return {
                 title: title || tag,
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `https:${link}`,
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `https:${link}`,
                 description,
                 pubDate: parseDate(timestamp, 'X'),
                 category: tag,
diff --git a/lib/routes/pingwest/user.ts b/lib/routes/pingwest/user.ts
index 25c9680815..d4ee3f955c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pingwest/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pingwest/user.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/pingwest/utils.ts b/lib/routes/pingwest/utils.ts
index 0b72dc6333..80f1db7bd5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pingwest/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pingwest/utils.ts
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ const statusListParser = ($) => {
                 .replace(/展开全文$/, '');
             return {
                 title: content,
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `https:${link}`,
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `https:${link}`,
                 description: [content, imgsStr].filter((s) => !!s).join('<br>'),
                 pubDate: new Date(timestamp * 1000).toUTCString(),
             };
diff --git a/lib/routes/pixabay/search.tsx b/lib/routes/pixabay/search.tsx
index 86e888d537..7993fb367c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pixabay/search.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/pixabay/search.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: 'Download & use free nature stock photos in high resolution ✓ New free images everyday ✓ HD to 4K ✓ Best nature pictures for all devices on Pixabay',
         link: `${baseUrl}/images/search/${q}/${order === 'latest' ? '?order=latest' : ''}`,
         image: 'https://pixabay.com/apple-touch-icon.png',
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/pixelstech/index.ts b/lib/routes/pixelstech/index.ts
index a814397300..3017d37015 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pixelstech/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pixelstech/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.feed-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a.feed-item-link');
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
                 try {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     $$('div.login-prompt').remove();
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             html: description,
                             text: description,
                         },
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[name="twitter:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[name="author"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/pixiv/pixiv-got.ts b/lib/routes/pixiv/pixiv-got.ts
index 8219f2f408..a6cfda3a33 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pixiv/pixiv-got.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pixiv/pixiv-got.ts
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ const pixivGot = got.extend({
                 if (!config.pixiv.bypassCdn) {
                     return;
                 }
-                let hostname = null;
-                const isIP = ipRegex({ exact: true }).test(config.pixiv.bypassCdnHostname);
+                let hostname: string | null = null;
+                const isIP = ipRegex({ exact: true }).test(config.pixiv.bypassCdnHostname!);
                 if (isIP) {
-                    hostname = config.pixiv.bypassCdnHostname;
+                    hostname = config.pixiv.bypassCdnHostname!;
                 } else {
                     const addresses = await dohResolve(config.pixiv.bypassCdnHostname, config.pixiv.bypassCdnDoh);
                     if (addresses.length) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/piyao/jrpy.ts b/lib/routes/piyao/jrpy.ts
index f986f9f7bd..01136120ba 100644
--- a/lib/routes/piyao/jrpy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/piyao/jrpy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,14 +38,16 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('ul#list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('a').text(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/pkmer/recent.ts b/lib/routes/pkmer/recent.ts
index d5da8b2018..3f63bd3911 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pkmer/recent.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pkmer/recent.ts
@@ -47,15 +47,15 @@ async function handler() {
 function process($) {
     const container = $('#pages > div.grid > .relative');
     const items = container.toArray().map((el) => {
-        el = $(el);
-        const title = el.find('h3');
+        const $el = $(el);
+        const title = $el.find('h3');
         return {
             title: title.text().trim(),
             link: baseUrl + title.parent().attr('href'),
-            description: el.find('.leading-relaxed').prop('outerHTML') + el.find('.post-content').prop('outerHTML'),
-            pubDate: el.find('time').attr('datetime'),
-            author: el.find('h4').text().trim(),
-            itunes_item_image: el.find('img').attr('src'),
+            description: $el.find('.leading-relaxed').prop('outerHTML') + $el.find('.post-content').prop('outerHTML'),
+            pubDate: $el.find('time').attr('datetime'),
+            author: $el.find('h4').text().trim(),
+            itunes_item_image: $el.find('img').attr('src'),
         };
     });
     return items;
diff --git a/lib/routes/pku/bbs/hot.ts b/lib/routes/pku/bbs/hot.ts
index 843a2eabc9..24b10d3f4b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pku/bbs/hot.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pku/bbs/hot.ts
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler() {
     const cookie = config.pkubbs.cookie;
-    const headers = {};
+    const headers = {} as Record<string, any>;
     if (cookie) {
         headers.cookie = cookie;
     }
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const listItems = $('#list-content .list-item')
         .toArray()
         .map((element) => ({
-            url: new URL($(element).find('> a.link').attr('href'), 'https://bbs.pku.edu.cn/v2/').href,
+            url: new URL($(element).find('> a.link').attr('href')!, 'https://bbs.pku.edu.cn/v2/').href,
             title: $(element).find('.title').text(),
         }))
         .slice(0, 10);
diff --git a/lib/routes/pku/cls/announcement.ts b/lib/routes/pku/cls/announcement.ts
index d01a788f61..8a35032f6c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pku/cls/announcement.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pku/cls/announcement.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,18 +40,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('div.normal_list>ul a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: $(item).find('p').text().trim(),
-                pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('span.date').text()),
-                link: baseUrl + $(item).attr('href'),
+                title: $($item).find('p').text().trim(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($($item).find('span.date').text()),
+                link: baseUrl + $($item).attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/pku/eecs.ts b/lib/routes/pku/eecs.ts
index 49bd43c741..d701c8526b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pku/eecs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pku/eecs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,18 +37,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     let items = $('ul.list-text > li > a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.tit').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), listUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.date .mon').text() + '-' + item.find('.date .day').text()),
+                title: $item.find('.tit').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, listUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date .mon').text() + '-' + $item.find('.date .day').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detail = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detail.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/pku/hr.ts b/lib/routes/pku/hr.ts
index c60f7e8cd5..d5648e0437 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pku/hr.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pku/hr.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.item-list li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text().replace(/\d+、/, ''),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/${category}/${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text().replace(/\d+、/, ''),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/${category}/${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/pku/nsd.ts b/lib/routes/pku/nsd.ts
index bc17be435a..2f3e85ac89 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pku/nsd.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pku/nsd.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.maincontent > ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { type: string } => {
             const href = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
             const type = pageType(href);
             return {
@@ -69,14 +69,14 @@ async function handler() {
                 case 'wechat-mp':
                     return finishArticleItem(item);
                 case 'pku-news':
-                    return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                    return cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                         const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                         const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                         item.description = content('div.pageArticle > div.col.lf').html();
                         return item;
                     });
                 case 'in-site':
-                    return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                    return cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                         const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                         const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                         item.description = content('div.article').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/pku/pkuyjs.ts b/lib/routes/pku/pkuyjs.ts
index b89eec7406..c34966bfce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pku/pkuyjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pku/pkuyjs.ts
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ async function handler() {
         link,
         description: '北京大学研究生院通知公告',
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('li a').text(),
-                description: item.find('li a').text(),
-                link: item.find('li a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.zsxxCont_list_time').text()),
+                title: $item.find('li a').text(),
+                description: $item.find('li a').text(),
+                link: $item.find('li a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.zsxxCont_list_time').text()),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/pku/scc/recruit.ts b/lib/routes/pku/scc/recruit.ts
index 7d16d5cec9..86623bab89 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pku/scc/recruit.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pku/scc/recruit.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,13 +46,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('div#articleList-body div.item.clearfix')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
-            const date = parseDate(item.find('div.item-date').text());
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string; pubDate: Date } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
+            const date = parseDate($item.find('div.item-date').text());
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 pubDate: date,
             };
         });
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const detail = load(detailPage.data);
                     const script = detail('div#content-div script').html();
                     if (script !== null) {
-                        const content_route = script.match(/\$\("#content-div"\).load\("(\S+)"\)/)[1];
+                        const content_route = script.match(/\$\("#content-div"\).load\("(\S+)"\)/)![1];
                         const content = await got(new URL(content_route, baseUrl).href);
                         item.description = content.data;
                     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/pku/ss/common.ts b/lib/routes/pku/ss/common.ts
index 5a3f0c1e12..ecddf6f4db 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pku/ss/common.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pku/ss/common.ts
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ const getSingleRecord = async (url) => {
     const list = $('#info-list-ul').find('li');
 
     return list.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const date = item.find('.time').text();
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const date = $item.find('.time').text();
         return {
-            title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
+            title: $item.find('a').attr('title'),
             pubDate: parseDate(date),
-            link: baseUrl + item.find('a').attr('href'),
+            link: baseUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
         };
     });
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/playno1/av.ts b/lib/routes/playno1/av.ts
index e0de6cf58c..a797d2d390 100644
--- a/lib/routes/playno1/av.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/playno1/av.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,15 +48,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .toArray()
         .filter((i) => $(i).text().length)
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3 a').attr('title'),
-                link: item.find('h3 a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.fire_left').text()), 8),
-                author: item
+                title: $item.find('h3 a').attr('title')!,
+                link: $item.find('h3 a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.fire_left').text()), 8),
+                author: $item
                     .find('.fire_right')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/作者：([^|]*)\|/)[1]
+                    .match(/作者：([^|]*)\|/)![1]
                     .trim(),
             };
         });
@@ -67,6 +67,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link: url,
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-TW',
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/playno1/st.ts b/lib/routes/playno1/st.ts
index 653540e4f5..c559b2fa03 100644
--- a/lib/routes/playno1/st.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/playno1/st.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.fallsBox')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.ftitle a').attr('title'),
-                link: item.find('.ftitle a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.dateBox').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
-                author: item.find('.dateBox span a').eq(0).text().trim(),
+                title: $item.find('.ftitle a').attr('title')!,
+                link: $item.find('.ftitle a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.dateBox').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
+                author: $item.find('.dateBox span a').eq(0).text().trim(),
             };
         });
 
@@ -63,6 +63,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link: url,
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-TW',
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/playno1/utils.ts b/lib/routes/playno1/utils.ts
index 4a4681b5be..341d99f635 100644
--- a/lib/routes/playno1/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/playno1/utils.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ const cookie = Cookie.fromJSON({
     path: '/',
 });
 (async () => {
-    await cookieJar.setCookie(cookie, 'http://www.playno1.com/');
+    await cookieJar.setCookie(cookie!, 'http://www.playno1.com/');
 })();
 
 const processArticle = (items, cache) =>
diff --git a/lib/routes/playpcesor/rss.ts b/lib/routes/playpcesor/rss.ts
index 9c212b8165..284d4a7911 100644
--- a/lib/routes/playpcesor/rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/playpcesor/rss.ts
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 title,
                 description,
                 link,
-                pubDate: parseDate(dateraw, 'YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss+08:00'),
+                pubDate: parseDate(dateraw!, 'YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss+08:00'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/plurk/anonymous.ts b/lib/routes/plurk/anonymous.ts
index 845fb17ac0..24304c3b29 100644
--- a/lib/routes/plurk/anonymous.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/plurk/anonymous.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import { baseUrl, getPlurk } from './utils';
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     delete apiResponse.pids;
     delete apiResponse.count;
 
-    const items = await Promise.all(Object.values(apiResponse).map((item) => getPlurk(`plurk:${item.plurk_id}`, item, 'ಠ_ಠ')));
+    const items = await Promise.all(Object.values<Record<string, any>>(apiResponse).map((item) => getPlurk(`plurk:${item.plurk_id}`, item, 'ಠ_ಠ')));
 
     return {
         title: 'Anonymous - Plurk',
         image: 'https://s.plurk.com/2c1574c02566f3b06e91.png',
         link: `${baseUrl}/anonymous`,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/plurk/topic.ts b/lib/routes/plurk/topic.ts
index dd4677e2be..fb2cc79440 100644
--- a/lib/routes/plurk/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/plurk/topic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -46,16 +46,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     delete apiResponse.pids;
     delete apiResponse.count;
 
-    const userIds = Object.values(apiResponse).map((item) => item.user_id);
+    const userIds = Object.values<any>(apiResponse).map((item) => item.user_id);
     const names = await fetchFriends(userIds);
 
-    const items = await Promise.all(Object.values(apiResponse).map((item) => getPlurk(`plurk:${item.plurk_id}`, item, names[item.user_id].display_name)));
+    const items = await Promise.all(Object.values<any>(apiResponse).map((item) => getPlurk(`plurk:${item.plurk_id}`, item, names[item.user_id].display_name)));
 
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         description: $('meta[property=og:description]').attr('content'),
         image: $('meta[property=og:image]').attr('content') || $('meta[name=msapplication-TileImage]').attr('content'),
         link: `${baseUrl}/topic/${topic}`,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/plurk/user.ts b/lib/routes/plurk/user.ts
index 9fb103fee4..5eb21c277c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/plurk/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/plurk/user.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const publicPlurks = JSON.parse(
         $('body script[type]')
             .text()
-            .match(/PUBLIC_PLURKS = (.*);\nPINNED_PLURK/)[1]
+            .match(/PUBLIC_PLURKS = (.*);\nPINNED_PLURK/)![1]
             .replaceAll(/new Date\((.*?)\)/g, '$1')
             .replaceAll('null', '""')
     );
diff --git a/lib/routes/plurk/utils.ts b/lib/routes/plurk/utils.ts
index 50aa94609f..895f7f4f37 100644
--- a/lib/routes/plurk/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/plurk/utils.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -28,26 +27,25 @@ const fetchFriends = async (userIds) => {
  * @param {string} author author name, can be `null`
  * @returns {object} item object
  */
-const getPlurk = (plurkGuid, item, author) =>
-    cache.tryGet(plurkGuid, () => {
-        const $ = load(item.content || item.rendered, null, false);
-        $('img').each((_, e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            e.removeAttr('height').removeAttr('width');
-            if (e.attr('alt') && e.attr('alt').startsWith('http')) {
-                e.attr('src', e.attr('alt'));
-                e.removeAttr('alt');
-            }
-        });
-
-        return {
-            title: item.content_raw ?? ($.text() || plurkGuid),
-            description: $.html(),
-            guid: plurkGuid,
-            link: item.rendered ? item.link_url : null,
-            author,
-            pubDate: parseDate(item.posted),
-        };
+const getPlurk = (plurkGuid, item, author) => {
+    const $ = load(item.content || item.rendered, null, false);
+    $('img').each((_, e) => {
+        const $e = $(e);
+        $e.removeAttr('height').removeAttr('width');
+        if ($e.attr('alt') && $e.attr('alt')!.startsWith('http')) {
+            $e.attr('src', $e.attr('alt'));
+            $e.removeAttr('alt');
+        }
     });
 
+    return {
+        title: item.content_raw ?? ($.text() || plurkGuid),
+        description: $.html(),
+        guid: plurkGuid,
+        link: item.rendered ? item.link_url : null,
+        author,
+        pubDate: parseDate(item.posted),
+    };
+};
+
 export { baseUrl, fetchFriends, getPlurk };
diff --git a/lib/routes/pnas/index.tsx b/lib/routes/pnas/index.tsx
index da79b94e33..7cfc1eb26e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pnas/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/pnas/index.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import { CookieJar } from 'tough-cookie';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const topicPath = ctx.req.param('topicPath');
     const link = `${baseUrl}/${topicPath ?? 'latest'}`;
 
-    let cookieJar = await cache.get('pnas:cookieJar');
+    let cookieJar: any = await cache.get('pnas:cookieJar');
     const cacheMiss = !cookieJar;
     cookieJar = cacheMiss ? new CookieJar() : CookieJar.fromJSON(cookieJar);
     const { data: res } = await got(link, {
@@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(res);
     const list = $('.card--row-reversed .card-content')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('.article-title a');
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('.article-title a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.card__meta__date').text()),
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.card__meta__date').text()),
             };
         });
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const PNASdataLayer = JSON.parse(
                     $('script')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/PNASdataLayer =(.*?);/)[1]
+                        .match(/PNASdataLayer =(.*?);/)![1]
                 );
 
                 $('.signup-alert-ad, .citations-truncation button').remove();
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${$('.banner-widget__content h1').text()} - PNAS`,
         description: $('.banner-widget__content p').text(),
         image: 'https://www.pnas.org/favicon.ico',
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         link,
         item: out,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/podwise/collections.ts b/lib/routes/podwise/collections.ts
index 3e5b8c936f..6173c747a4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/podwise/collections.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/podwise/collections.ts
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ export const route: Route = {
             .find('.group')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const title = item.find('a').first().text();
-                const link = item.find('a').first().attr('href');
-                const description = item.find('p').first().text();
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const title = $item.find('a').first().text();
+                const link = $item.find('a').first().attr('href');
+                const description = $item.find('p').first().text();
                 return {
                     title,
                     link: `https://podwise.ai${link}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/podwise/episodes.ts b/lib/routes/podwise/episodes.ts
index 915205b67c..6c1a1f700a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/podwise/episodes.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/podwise/episodes.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import dayjs from 'dayjs';
 import duration from 'dayjs/plugin/duration.js';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch'; // 统一使用的请求库
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,26 +35,27 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const list = content
             .find('.group')
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const link = item.find('a').first().attr('href');
-                const description = item.find('p').first().text();
-                const pubDate = item.find('a').next().children('span').text();
+            .map((item): DataItem => {
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const link = $item.find('a').first().attr('href');
+                const description = $item.find('p').first().text();
+                const pubDate = $item.find('a').next().children('span').text();
 
                 return {
                     link: `https://podwise.ai${link}`,
                     description,
                     pubDate: timezone(parseDate(pubDate, 'DD MMM YYYY', 'en'), 8),
+                    title: '',
                 };
             });
 
         const items = await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                    const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                    const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $ = load(response);
 
-                    item.description = $('summary').first().html();
+                    item.description = $('summary').first().html() ?? '';
 
                     // duration
                     const $cover = $('img[alt="Podcast cover"]').eq(1);
diff --git a/lib/routes/polymarket/event.ts b/lib/routes/polymarket/event.ts
index a107e710c9..5e9da114c2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/polymarket/event.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/polymarket/event.ts
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         throw new Error('Event not found');
     }
 
-    const items = event.markets.map((market) => ({
+    const items = event.markets!.map((market) => ({
         title: market.question,
         description: `
             <p><strong>Odds:</strong> ${formatOddsDisplay(market)}</p>
diff --git a/lib/routes/priconne-redive/news.ts b/lib/routes/priconne-redive/news.ts
index cf29b3e27e..5ec2ce7aa6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/priconne-redive/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/priconne-redive/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -71,11 +71,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
             const out = await Promise.all(
                 list.map((index, item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
-                    const link = item.find('a').attr('href');
-                    return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
-                        const rssitem = {
-                            title: item.find('h4').text(),
+                    const $item = $(item);
+                    const link = $item.find('a').attr('href');
+                    return cache.tryGet(link!, async () => {
+                        const rssitem: DataItem = {
+                            title: $item.find('h4').text(),
                             link,
                         };
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return {
                 title: '公主链接日服-新闻',
                 link: 'https://priconne-redive.jp/news/',
-                language: 'ja',
+                language: 'ja' as Language,
                 item: out,
             };
         }
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const link = `http://www.princessconnect.so-net.tw${title.attr('href')}`;
 
                     return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
-                        const rssitem = {
+                        const rssitem: DataItem = {
                             title: title.text().trim(),
                             link,
                         };
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const link = `https://game.bilibili.com/pcr/news.html#detail=${item.id}`;
 
                     return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
-                        const rssitem = {
+                        const rssitem: DataItem = {
                             title: item.title,
                             link,
                             pubDate: parseDate(item.ctime),
@@ -177,6 +177,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             };
         }
         default:
-        // Do nothing
+            return null;
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/producereport/index.ts b/lib/routes/producereport/index.ts
index 744e3693bc..cd773d9c31 100644
--- a/lib/routes/producereport/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/producereport/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('table.views-table tbody tr')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a').first();
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content') ?? item.title;
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/producthunt/today.tsx b/lib/routes/producthunt/today.tsx
index 4409f7cb97..7a20d43aea 100644
--- a/lib/routes/producthunt/today.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/producthunt/today.tsx
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler() {
         ?.trim()
         .replaceAll('undefined', 'null');
 
-    const data = JSON.parse(match);
+    const data = JSON.parse(match!);
     const todayList = data.find((event) => event.type === 'next' && event.value.data.homefeed).value.data.homefeed.edges.find((edge) => edge.node.id === 'FEATURED-0').node;
     // 0: Top Products Launching Today
     // 1: Yesterday's Top Products
diff --git a/lib/routes/ps/trophy.ts b/lib/routes/ps/trophy.ts
index 545361723d..078aa6ab3f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ps/trophy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ps/trophy.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.zebra tr')
-        .filter((element) => $(element).find('.progress-bar span').text() !== '0%')
+        .filter((_, element) => $(element).find('.progress-bar span').text() !== '0%')
         .toArray()
         .map((e) => $(e).find('.title').attr('href'))
         .slice(0, 3);
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
             const list = $('.zebra tr.completed');
             const items = list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 const classMap = {
                     Platinum: '白金',
                     Gold: '金',
@@ -57,24 +57,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     Bronze: '铜',
                 };
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('.title').text() + ' - ' + $('.page h3').eq(0).text().trim().replace(' Trophies', ''),
-                    description: `<img src="${item.find('.trophy source').attr('srcset').split(' ', 2)[1]}"><br>${item
+                    title: $item.find('.title').text() + ' - ' + $('.page h3').eq(0).text().trim().replace(' Trophies', ''),
+                    description: `<img src="${$item.find('.trophy source').attr('srcset')!.split(' ', 2)[1]}"><br>${$item
                         .find('.title')
                         .parent()
                         .contents()
                         .filter((_, element) => element.nodeType === 3)
                         .text()
-                        .trim()}<br>等级：${classMap[item.find('td').eq(5).find('img').attr('title')]}<br>珍贵度：${item.find('.hover-show .typo-top').text()}`,
-                    link: 'https://psnprofiles.com' + item.find('.title').attr('href'),
+                        .trim()}<br>等级：${classMap[$item.find('td').eq(5).find('img').attr('title')!]}<br>珍贵度：${$item.find('.hover-show .typo-top').text()}`,
+                    link: 'https://psnprofiles.com' + $item.find('.title').attr('href'),
                     pubDate: new Date(
                         +new Date(
-                            item
+                            $item
                                 .find('.typo-top-date nobr')
                                 .contents()
                                 .filter((_, element) => element.nodeType === 3)
                                 .text() +
                                 ' ' +
-                                item.find('.typo-bottom-date').text()
+                                $item.find('.typo-bottom-date').text()
                         ) +
                             8 * 60 * 60 * 1000
                     ).toUTCString(),
@@ -84,11 +84,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return items;
         })
     );
-    let result = [];
+    let result: any[] = [];
     for (const item of items) {
         result = [...result, ...item];
     }
-    result = result.toSorted((a, b) => new Date(b.pubDate) - new Date(a.pubDate));
+    result = result.toSorted((a, b) => new Date(b.pubDate).getTime() - new Date(a.pubDate).getTime());
 
     return {
         title: `${id} 的 PSN 奖杯`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/psnine/node.ts b/lib/routes/psnine/node.ts
index 8a00d35df1..c9708a7f40 100644
--- a/lib/routes/psnine/node.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/psnine/node.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     const list = $('.title a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const meta = $item.parent().next();
             return {
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(detailResponse);
 
                 item.author = $('a[itemprop="author"]').eq(0).text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/pts/curations.ts b/lib/routes/pts/curations.ts
index 74c4c751d3..92e5fc1743 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pts/curations.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pts/curations.ts
@@ -46,13 +46,13 @@ async function handler() {
         .find('h3 a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const projectDiv = item.parent().parent();
+            const projectDiv = $item.parent().parent();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
                 pubDate: parseDate(projectDiv.find('time').text()),
                 description: renderDescription({
                     image: projectDiv.parent().find('.cover-fit').attr('src'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/pts/index.ts b/lib/routes/pts/index.ts
index da6dad56d8..d0632adca9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pts/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pts/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -47,18 +47,18 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('h1 a,h2 a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                     .filter((t) => t !== '...');
                 item.description = renderDescription({
                     image: content('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
-                    description: content('.post-article').html(),
+                    description: content('.post-article').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/pts/projects.ts b/lib/routes/pts/projects.ts
index 419a46a93e..37afe71f63 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pts/projects.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pts/projects.ts
@@ -44,14 +44,14 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('h3 a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const projectDiv = item.parent().parent();
+            const projectDiv = $item.parent().parent();
             const description = projectDiv.find('p').text();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
                 pubDate: parseDate(projectDiv.find('time').text()),
                 description: renderDescription({
                     image: projectDiv.parent().find('.cover-fit')?.attr('src') ?? projectDiv.parent().parent().find('.cover-fit').attr('src'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/publico/items-processor.ts b/lib/routes/publico/items-processor.ts
index 0582e3796d..194fe7cefd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/publico/items-processor.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/publico/items-processor.ts
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ export default function getItems(data) {
     const items = data('.category-list li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = data(item);
-            const title = item.find('h2').text();
-            const link = item.find('a').attr('href');
-            const author = item.find('p').text();
-            const image = item.find('picture img').attr('src');
+            const $item = data(item);
+            const title = $item.find('h2').text();
+            const link = $item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const author = $item.find('p').text();
+            const image = $item.find('picture img').attr('src');
 
             return {
                 title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/pubmed/trending.tsx b/lib/routes/pubmed/trending.tsx
index 16ab269bba..eb32af1b52 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pubmed/trending.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/pubmed/trending.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('a[data-article-id]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/${item.attr('data-article-id')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/${$item.attr('data-article-id')}`,
             };
         });
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.doi = content('meta[name="citation_doi"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="citation_date"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[name="citation_date"]').attr('content')!);
                 item.description = renderToString(
                     <>
                         {content('.authors-list').html() ? raw(content('.authors-list').html()) : null}
diff --git a/lib/routes/pubscholar/utils.ts b/lib/routes/pubscholar/utils.ts
index 8498ff6996..77139b5101 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pubscholar/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pubscholar/utils.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ export const uuidv4 = () => crypto.randomUUID();
 
 const generateNonce = (length: number): string => {
     if (!length) {
-        return null;
+        return null!;
     }
 
     let nonce = '';
diff --git a/lib/routes/pumc/mdadmission.ts b/lib/routes/pumc/mdadmission.ts
index 444a88e3bd..ff680408f4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pumc/mdadmission.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pumc/mdadmission.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,15 +41,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('div.media')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h4.media-heading a');
+            const a = $item.find('h4.media-heading a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').first().text(), 'DDYYYY-MM'),
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').first().text(), 'DDYYYY-MM'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/putty/changes.ts b/lib/routes/putty/changes.ts
index 0037c89c52..cc847c1752 100644
--- a/lib/routes/putty/changes.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/putty/changes.ts
@@ -42,15 +42,15 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('.version')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.parent().text().split('in').pop();
+            const title = $item.parent().text().split('in').pop();
 
             return {
-                title,
-                link: `${rootUrl}/~sgtatham/putty/${item.attr('href')}`,
-                description: item.parent().next().html(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(title.match(/\(released (.*)\)/)[1]),
+                title: title!,
+                link: `${rootUrl}/~sgtatham/putty/${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                description: $item.parent().next().html(),
+                pubDate: parseDate(title!.match(/\(released (.*)\)/)![1]),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/pwc/sustainability.ts b/lib/routes/pwc/sustainability.ts
index 653fbab531..8939ae9546 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pwc/sustainability.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pwc/sustainability.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler() {
     const baseUrl = 'https://www.strategyand.pwc.com/at/en/functions/sustainability-strategy/publications.html';
-    const feedLang = 'en';
+    const feedLang: Language = 'en';
     const feedDescription = 'Sustainability Publications from PwC Strategy&';
 
     const response = await ofetch(
diff --git a/lib/routes/python/release.ts b/lib/routes/python/release.ts
index 0f5a8e8032..403bf15fe9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/python/release.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/python/release.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.active-release-list-widget ol.list-row-container li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const title: string = $el.find('span.release-version').text();
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? parseDate(pubDateStr) : undefined,
                 link: linkUrl,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1.page-title').text();
-                const description: string | undefined = $$('section#pep-content').html();
+                const description: string | undefined = $$('section#pep-content').html() ?? undefined;
                 const image: string | undefined = $$('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content');
 
                 const processedItem: DataItem = {
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     },
                     image,
                     banner: image,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/qbitai/category.ts b/lib/routes/qbitai/category.ts
index da4f31e306..f99a465ff6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qbitai/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qbitai/category.ts
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(url);
     const entries = feed.items.map((item) => ({
-        title: item.title,
-        pubDate: parseDate(item.pubDate),
+        title: item.title!,
+        pubDate: parseDate(item.pubDate!),
         link: item.link,
         author: '量子位',
         category: item.categories,
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const resolvedEntries = await Promise.all(
         entries.map((entry) =>
-            cache.tryGet(entry.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(entry.link!, async () => {
                 try {
-                    const response = await ofetch(entry.link);
+                    const response = await ofetch(entry.link!);
                     const $ = load(response);
                     entry.description = $('.article').html() || 'No content found';
                 } catch {
diff --git a/lib/routes/qbitai/tag.ts b/lib/routes/qbitai/tag.ts
index 7abf96a14e..20ee1b0565 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qbitai/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qbitai/tag.ts
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(link);
 
     const items = feed.items.map((item) => ({
-        title: item.title,
-        pubDate: parseDate(item.pubDate),
+        title: item.title!,
+        pubDate: parseDate(item.pubDate!),
         link: item.link,
         author: '量子位',
         category: item.categories,
diff --git a/lib/routes/qbittorrent/news.ts b/lib/routes/qbittorrent/news.ts
index a115234231..b5df9aaee4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qbittorrent/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qbittorrent/news.ts
@@ -54,17 +54,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .toArray()
         // oxlint-disable-next-line array-callback-return
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const pubDate = item
+            let $item = $(item);
+            const pubDate = $item
                 .text()
                 .split(' - ', 1)[0]
                 .replace(/\w{3,6}day/, '');
-            const title = item.text().split(' - ', 2)[1];
+            const title = $item.text().split(' - ', 2)[1];
             let description = '';
             // nextUntil() does not work here
-            while (item.next().length && item.next().get(0).tagName !== 'h3') {
-                item = item.next();
-                description += item.html();
+            while ($item.next().length && $item.next().get(0)!.tagName !== 'h3') {
+                $item = $item.next();
+                description += $item.html();
             }
             return {
                 title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/qdu/houqin.ts b/lib/routes/qdu/houqin.ts
index d8b3adf746..987be3decb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qdu/houqin.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qdu/houqin.ts
@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('.n_newslist').children();
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((i, item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const itemTitle = item.find('a').text();
-            let itemDate = timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text()), 8);
-            const path = item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const itemTitle = $item.find('a').text();
+            let itemDate = timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text()), 8);
+            const path = $item.find('a').attr('href');
             const itemUrl = base + path;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
                 const result = await got(itemUrl);
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler() {
                             $('.article_body')
                                 .find('div > h4')
                                 .text()
-                                .match(/发布时间：(.*)编辑：/)[1]
+                                .match(/发布时间：(.*)编辑：/)![1]
                                 .trim(),
                             'YYYY年MM月DD日 HH:mm'
                         ),
diff --git a/lib/routes/qdu/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/qdu/jwc.ts
index 9c9714efd0..fdc9981d9d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qdu/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qdu/jwc.ts
@@ -42,15 +42,15 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('.notice_item').children();
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((i, item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const itemTitle = item.find('.active').text();
-            const itemDate = item.find('span').text();
-            const path = item.find('.active').attr('href');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const itemTitle = $item.find('.active').text();
+            const itemDate = $item.find('span').text();
+            const path = $item.find('.active').attr('href');
             let itemUrl = '';
-            itemUrl = path.startsWith('http') ? path : base + path;
+            itemUrl = (path!.startsWith('http') ? path : base + path)!;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
                 let description: string;
-                if (path.startsWith('http')) {
+                if (path!.startsWith('http')) {
                     description = itemTitle;
                 } else {
                     const result = await got(itemUrl);
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     description =
                         $('title').text() === '系统提示'
                             ? itemTitle // 内网限制访问内容，仅返回标题
-                            : $('.v_news_content').html().trim();
+                            : $('.v_news_content').html()!.trim();
                 }
                 return {
                     title: itemTitle,
diff --git a/lib/routes/qianp/news.ts b/lib/routes/qianp/news.ts
index bd0593ef08..35d0d750f4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qianp/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qianp/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -33,26 +33,26 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.newslist .infor')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 link: a.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link, {
                     headers,
                 });
                 const $ = load(response);
 
-                item.category = [...new Set($('meta[name=keywords]').attr('content').split('，'))];
+                item.category = [...new Set($('meta[name=keywords]').attr('content')!.split('，'))];
                 item.author = $('meta[name=author]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[property="bytedance:published_time"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[property="bytedance:published_time"]').attr('content')!);
 
                 item.description = $('.news_center').html();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/qianzhan/column.ts b/lib/routes/qianzhan/column.ts
index 6a7d32e757..8c05e0dec3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qianzhan/column.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qianzhan/column.ts
@@ -53,14 +53,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const description = $('#divArtBody').html();
                 const title = $('#h_title').text();
                 const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('#pubtime_baidu').text().split('• ', 2)[1], 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
-                const author = $('.bljjxue').text().match(/\S+/)[0];
+                const author = $('.bljjxue').text().match(/\S+/)![0];
                 return {
                     title,
                     link: item,
                     description,
                     pubDate,
                     author,
-                    category: $('meta[name="Keywords"]').attr('content').split(','),
+                    category: $('meta[name="Keywords"]').attr('content')!.split(','),
                 };
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/qianzhan/rank.ts b/lib/routes/qianzhan/rank.ts
index c3a3a528b4..63efee0e5a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qianzhan/rank.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qianzhan/rank.ts
@@ -50,14 +50,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const description = $('#divArtBody').html();
                 const title = $('#h_title').text();
                 const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('#pubtime_baidu').text().split('• ', 2)[1], 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
-                const author = $('.bljjxue').text().match(/\S+/)[0];
+                const author = $('.bljjxue').text().match(/\S+/)![0];
                 return {
                     title,
                     link: item,
                     description,
                     pubDate,
                     author,
-                    category: $('meta[name="Keywords"]').attr('content').split(','),
+                    category: $('meta[name="Keywords"]').attr('content')!.split(','),
                 };
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/qipamaijia/index.ts b/lib/routes/qipamaijia/index.ts
index 760bd81a30..8d9ca30299 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qipamaijia/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qipamaijia/index.ts
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((item) => ({
             title: $(item).find('div.content').text(),
             link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
-            description: $(item).find('div.content').html() + $(item).find('div.thumb').html(),
+            description: $(item).find('div.content').html()! + $(item).find('div.thumb').html()!,
         }));
 
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/qlu/notice.ts b/lib/routes/qlu/notice.ts
index ed9566144e..3fcfd68368 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qlu/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qlu/notice.ts
@@ -43,19 +43,19 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((i, item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const itemTitle = item.find('.news_title').children().text();
-            const itemDate = item.find('.news_year').text() + item.find('.news_days').text();
-            const path = item.find('.news_title').children().attr('href');
-            const itemUrl = path.startsWith('https') ? path : host + path;
-            return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const itemTitle = $item.find('.news_title').children().text();
+            const itemDate = $item.find('.news_year').text() + $item.find('.news_days').text();
+            const path = $item.find('.news_title').children().attr('href');
+            const itemUrl = path!.startsWith('https') ? path : host + path;
+            return cache.tryGet(itemUrl!, async () => {
                 let description: string;
-                if (path.startsWith('https')) {
+                if (path!.startsWith('https')) {
                     description = itemTitle;
                 } else {
                     const result = await got(itemUrl);
                     const $ = load(result.data);
-                    description = $('.read').html();
+                    description = $('.read').html() ?? '';
                 }
                 return {
                     title: itemTitle,
diff --git a/lib/routes/qm120/news.ts b/lib/routes/qm120/news.ts
index c7a424c4f4..08e892dcdb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qm120/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qm120/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -55,17 +55,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.lb2boxls ul li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/card.ts b/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/card.ts
index a2bc275bee..d66cd8d82a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/card.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/card.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -35,25 +35,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.qoo-post-item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const name = item.find('.qoo-clearfix .name a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const name = $item.find('.qoo-clearfix .name a');
             const author = name.eq(0).text();
-            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
-            item.find('a.icon, .qoo-clearfix, footer, article.qoo-comment-panel, div.slot').remove();
-            item.find('.img-list').attr('data-target', '');
+            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
+            $item.find('a.icon, .qoo-clearfix, footer, article.qoo-comment-panel, div.slot').remove();
+            $item.find('.img-list').attr('data-target', '');
             return {
                 title: `${author} ▶ ${name.eq(1).text()}`,
-                description: item.html(),
+                description: $item.html(),
                 pubDate,
                 author,
-                guid: `qoo-app:apps:card:7675:${item.attr('data-id')}`,
+                guid: `qoo-app:apps:card:7675:${$item.attr('data-id')}`,
             };
         });
 
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/comment.ts b/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/comment.ts
index 253e707b0e..0acb49f2ad 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/comment.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/comment.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -43,16 +43,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.qoo-post-item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const author = item.find('.qoo-clearfix .name a').eq(0).text();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const author = $item.find('.qoo-clearfix .name a').eq(0).text();
             return {
-                title: `${author} ▶ ${item.find('.qoo-clearfix .name a').eq(1).text()}`,
-                link: item.find('a.bg-click-wrap').attr('href'),
+                title: `${author} ▶ ${$item.find('.qoo-clearfix .name a').eq(1).text()}`,
+                link: $item.find('a.bg-click-wrap').attr('href'),
                 description: renderComment({
-                    rating: item.find('.qoo-rating-bar').text().trim(),
-                    text: item.find('.text-view').html(),
+                    rating: $item.find('.qoo-rating-bar').text().trim(),
+                    text: $item.find('.text-view').html() ?? undefined,
                 }),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8),
                 author,
             };
         });
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/note.ts b/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/note.ts
index 8a9aca13ee..096bb4c2ac 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/note.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/note.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,24 +36,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.qoo-note-wrap')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.content-title').text() || item.find('.description').text(),
-                link: item.find('a.link-wrap').attr('href'),
-                description: item.find('.description').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
-                author: item.find('cite.name').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.content-title').text() || $item.find('.description').text(),
+                link: $item.find('a.link-wrap').attr('href'),
+                description: $item.find('.description').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
+                author: $item.find('cite.name').text(),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 $('footer').remove();
-                item.description = $('article .content').html();
+                item.description = $('article .content').html() ?? '';
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/post.ts b/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/post.ts
index 0a85ef54aa..a74bf5da63 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/post.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qoo-app/apps/post.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,22 +35,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.qoo-post-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem & { postId?: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 link: a.attr('href'),
                 // description: item.find('.img-list').html() + item.find('.text-view').html(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
-                author: item.find('cite.name').text(),
-                postId: a.attr('href').split('/').pop(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
+                author: $item.find('cite.name').text(),
+                postId: a.attr('href')!.split('/').pop(),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(`${newsUrl}${lang ? `/${lang}` : ''}/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/${item.postId}`);
                 const $ = load(data.content.rendered, null, false);
 
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/qoo-app/news.ts b/lib/routes/qoo-app/news.ts
index 06cf23e892..fe68aae479 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qoo-app/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qoo-app/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 : 'QooApp 是專注二次元的專業平台，旨在聚集世界各地熱愛ACG的用戶，為他們創造有價值的服務和產品。從遊戲商店、新聞資訊、玩家社群，到線下聚會、漫畫閱讀、遊戲發行——QooApp不斷進化中，拓展突破次元的遊玩體驗。',
         image: siteIcon,
         link: `${newsUrl}${lang ? `/${lang}` : ''}`,
-        language: lang === 'en' ? 'en' : 'zh',
+        language: (lang === 'en' ? 'en' : 'zh') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/note.ts b/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/note.ts
index 296586d254..a265ae3e77 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/note.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/note.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/topic.ts b/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/topic.ts
index c60ebd190c..8dee35bcda 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/topic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import { extractNotes, notesUrl } from '../utils';
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/user.ts b/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/user.ts
index 29def526d0..99266bbeef 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qoo-app/notes/user.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import { extractNotes, notesUrl } from '../utils';
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/qoo-app/user/app-comment.ts b/lib/routes/qoo-app/user/app-comment.ts
index 7999d44039..1425bba9da 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qoo-app/user/app-comment.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qoo-app/user/app-comment.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
-        image: decodeURIComponent($('.person div.slot').attr('data-args')).replace('avatar=', '').split('?', 1)[0],
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        image: decodeURIComponent($('.person div.slot').attr('data-args')!).replace('avatar=', '').split('?', 1)[0],
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/qoo-app/utils.ts b/lib/routes/qoo-app/utils.ts
index e7bbe3c1a1..24920975ca 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qoo-app/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qoo-app/utils.ts
@@ -30,15 +30,15 @@ const extractNotes = ($) =>
     $('.qoo-note-wrap')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('.qoo-note-view .content-title').text();
-            const author = item.find('cite.name').text();
-            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8);
-            item.find('cite.name, time, footer').remove();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('.qoo-note-view .content-title').text();
+            const author = $item.find('cite.name').text();
+            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8);
+            $item.find('cite.name, time, footer').remove();
             return {
                 title,
-                description: item.find('.qoo-note-view').html(),
-                link: item.find('a.link-wrap').attr('href'),
+                description: $item.find('.qoo-note-view').html(),
+                link: $item.find('a.link-wrap').attr('href'),
                 pubDate,
                 author,
             };
diff --git a/lib/routes/qq/ac/comic.ts b/lib/routes/qq/ac/comic.ts
index be30a37e38..32f214c71c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qq/ac/comic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qq/ac/comic.ts
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.reverse .bottom-chapter-item .chapter-link')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
                 author,
-                title: item.text(),
-                description: `<img src="${item.find('.cover-image').attr('src')}">`,
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').replace(/chapter/, 'ComicView')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                description: `<img src="${$item.find('.cover-image').attr('src')}">`,
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.replace(/chapter/, 'ComicView')}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/qq/ac/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/qq/ac/utils.tsx
index 420ccf4f84..a4c3ab4235 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qq/ac/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/qq/ac/utils.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -17,13 +18,13 @@ const ProcessItems = async (ctx, currentUrl, time, title) => {
     let items = $(`${time ? `.${time}-month-data ` : ''}.text-overflow`)
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { guid: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                guid: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                link: `${mobileRootUrl}${item.attr('href').replace(/Comic\/ComicInfo/, 'comic/index')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                guid: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                link: `${mobileRootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.replace(/Comic\/ComicInfo/, 'comic/index')}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/qq/cfhd/index.ts b/lib/routes/qq/cfhd/index.ts
index 34dd098e88..f74b2ef5fe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qq/cfhd/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qq/cfhd/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div.news-list-item ul li.list-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('p').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.date').text()),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a.clearfix').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('p').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.date').text()),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a.clearfix').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 };
                 item.image = image;
                 item.banner = image;
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[name="author"]').prop('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/qq/lol/news.ts b/lib/routes/qq/lol/news.ts
index e209ad125e..f5c924ff9e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qq/lol/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qq/lol/news.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? timezone(parseDate(updated), 8) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: updated ? timezone(parseDate(updated), 8) : undefined,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: `https:${$('a.logo img').attr('src')}`,
         author: $('meta[name="author"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/qq88/index.ts b/lib/routes/qq88/index.ts
index 570ed40660..09cc3c6579 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qq88/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qq88/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,19 +42,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.entry-title a')
         .slice(0, 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.parent().next().find('.mh-meta-date').eq(-1).text().split('：', 2)[1]),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.parent().next().find('.mh-meta-date').eq(-1).text().split('：', 2)[1]),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/qqorw/index.ts b/lib/routes/qqorw/index.ts
index 21ab2f82cc..e8b2e3e4af 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qqorw/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qqorw/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,27 +46,27 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('article.excerpt')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h2 a');
+            const a = $item.find('h2 a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.prop('href'),
-                description: item.find('span.note').text(),
-                category: item
+                description: $item.find('span.note').text(),
+                category: $item
                     .find('a.label')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text()),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('p.auth-span span.muted').first().text().trim()), 8),
-                upvotes: item.find('span.count').text() ? Number(item.find('span.count').text()) : 0,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('p.auth-span span.muted').first().text().trim()), 8),
+                upvotes: $item.find('span.count').text() ? Number($item.find('span.count').text()) : 0,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 content('div.contenttxt').prev().nextAll().remove();
 
                 item.title = content('h1.article-title').text();
-                item.description = content('article.article-content').html();
+                item.description = content('article.article-content').html() ?? '';
                 item.author = content('i.fa-user').parent().text().trim();
                 item.category = content('#mute-category')
                     .toArray()
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${author}${title ? ` - ${title}` : ''}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh-cn',
-        image: new URL($('h1.site-title a img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
+        image: new URL($('h1.site-title a img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/questmobile/report.ts b/lib/routes/questmobile/report.ts
index 33b071bc38..a5e8e8e9a8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/questmobile/report.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/questmobile/report.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import { renderDescription } from './templates/description';
  *
  * @returns {Array} - An array of objects containing the key-value pairs.
  */
-const parseTree = (tree, result = []) => {
+const parseTree = (tree, result: Array<{ key: any; value: any }> = []) => {
     for (const obj of tree) {
         const { key, value, children } = obj;
         result.push({ key, value });
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.title = content('div.title h1').text();
                 item.description += renderDescription({
-                    description: content('div.text').html(),
+                    description: content('div.text').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.author = content('div.source')
                     .text()
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${author}${categories.length === 0 ? '' : ` - ${categories.join(' - ')}`}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/quicker/qa.ts b/lib/routes/quicker/qa.ts
index 5bdc3f5213..e9630cad00 100644
--- a/lib/routes/quicker/qa.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/quicker/qa.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -60,18 +60,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('a.question-title')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 25)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/quicker/share.ts b/lib/routes/quicker/share.ts
index 29bd9e508e..7a5204dca5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/quicker/share.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/quicker/share.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -52,18 +52,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('table tbody tr')
         .slice(1, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 25)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).find('td a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).find('td a').first();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/quicker/user.ts b/lib/routes/quicker/user.ts
index ca398698ba..b983c0471f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/quicker/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/quicker/user.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,18 +44,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('table tbody tr')
         .slice(1, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 25)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).find('td a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item).find('td a').first();
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/quicker/versions.ts b/lib/routes/quicker/versions.ts
index 03146ff2d8..48319d8b20 100644
--- a/lib/routes/quicker/versions.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/quicker/versions.ts
@@ -28,15 +28,15 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('.version')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h2 a');
+            const a = $item.find('h2 a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
                 link: `${rootUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                description: item.find('.article-content').html(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.text-secondary').first().text()),
+                description: $item.find('.article-content').html(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.text-secondary').first().text()),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/qust/jw.ts b/lib/routes/qust/jw.ts
index 250752fee2..1d84b8f3f8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qust/jw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qust/jw.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler() {
             const linkElement = $(element);
             const itemTitle = linkElement.text().trim();
             const path = linkElement.attr('href');
-            const itemUrl = path.startsWith('http') ? path : `${baseUrl}${path}`;
+            const itemUrl = path!.startsWith('http') ? path : `${baseUrl}${path}`;
             return {
                 title: itemTitle,
                 link: itemUrl,
diff --git a/lib/routes/qztc/sjxy/index.ts b/lib/routes/qztc/sjxy/index.ts
index 9973a1a7ef..360b2d49b0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qztc/sjxy/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qztc/sjxy/index.ts
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     } else {
                         const response = await ofetch(item.link);
                         const $ = load(response);
-                        newItem.description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                        newItem.description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html() ?? '';
                     }
                 } else {
                     // 涉及到其他站点，不方便做统一的 html 解析，直接返回链接
diff --git a/lib/routes/radio/templates/description.tsx b/lib/routes/radio/templates/description.tsx
index e9f633d382..a7bc744ccb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/radio/templates/description.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/radio/templates/description.tsx
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const RadioDescription = ({ description, enclosure_url, enclosure_type }: Descri
     <>
         {description ? <p>{description}</p> : null}
         {enclosure_url && enclosure_type ? (
-            <audio controls="controls" preload="metadata">
+            <audio controls preload="metadata">
                 <source src={enclosure_url} type={enclosure_type} />
             </audio>
         ) : null}
diff --git a/lib/routes/rarehistoricalphotos/index.ts b/lib/routes/rarehistoricalphotos/index.ts
index c26a83b560..ea9a99c778 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rarehistoricalphotos/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/rarehistoricalphotos/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: 'And the story behind them...',
         link: baseUrl,
         image: 'https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cropped-rarehistoricalphotos-32x32.png',
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/raspberrypi/magazine.ts b/lib/routes/raspberrypi/magazine.ts
index 7308625715..89ab08aac7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/raspberrypi/magazine.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/raspberrypi/magazine.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.o-grid--equal div.o-grid__col')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('h2.rspec-issue-card-heading a.c-link');
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('h1.rspec-issue__heading').text().split(/-/).pop()?.trim() ?? item.title;
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const pdfUrl: string = new URL('pdf/download', `${item.link}/`).href;
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/rawkuma/manga.tsx b/lib/routes/rawkuma/manga.tsx
index 304bd7043c..bf570af5af 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rawkuma/manga.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/rawkuma/manga.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,23 +49,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('div.eph-num')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('span.chapternum').text(),
-                link: item.find('a').prop('href'),
+                title: $item.find('span.chapternum').text(),
+                link: $item.find('a').prop('href'),
                 author,
                 category,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.chapterdate').text(), 'MMMM DD'),
-                enclosure_url: item.next().find('a.dload').prop('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.chapterdate').text(), 'MMMM DD'),
+                enclosure_url: $item.next().find('a.dload').prop('href'),
                 enclosure_type: 'application/zip',
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     const icon = $('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]')
-        .prop('href')
+        .prop('href')!
         .replace(/-\d+x\d+/, '');
 
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/raycast/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/raycast/changelog.ts
index 431baa994d..39e482a28e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/raycast/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/raycast/changelog.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async () => {
     return {
         title: 'Raycast Changelog',
         link: 'https://www.raycast.com/changelog',
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us',
         item,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/react/blog.ts b/lib/routes/react/blog.ts
index 90a833a8d9..627a17babc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/react/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/react/blog.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async () => {
     return {
         title: 'React Blog',
         link: 'https://react.dev/blog',
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us',
         item,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/reactiflux/transcripts.ts b/lib/routes/reactiflux/transcripts.ts
index 843775f273..77a251dd70 100644
--- a/lib/routes/reactiflux/transcripts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/reactiflux/transcripts.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                     id: guid,
                     image,
                     banner: image,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
             }) ?? [];
 
@@ -99,6 +99,6 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/readhub/daily.ts b/lib/routes/readhub/daily.ts
index 9b550bcf20..d175be3683 100644
--- a/lib/routes/readhub/daily.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/readhub/daily.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import { apiRootUrl, processItems, rootUrl } from './util';
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const author = $('meta[name="application-name"]').prop('content');
     const subtitle = $('meta[property="og:title"]').prop('content');
     const image = 'https://readhub.cn/icons/icon-192x192.png';
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl);
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${author} - ${route.name}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/readhub/index.ts b/lib/routes/readhub/index.ts
index 4cae47f72f..a1af306d3f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/readhub/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/readhub/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${author} - ${subtitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/readwise/list.ts b/lib/routes/readwise/list.ts
index f11b7cb4f0..a10712bc03 100644
--- a/lib/routes/readwise/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/readwise/list.ts
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         }
     }
 
-    const fullData = [];
+    const fullData: any[] = [];
 
     async function fetchNextPage(url) {
         const response = await ofetch(url, {
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             }
 
             // Check if item.tags exist and match the criteria based on tagStrategy
-            const itemTags = item.tags;
+            const itemTags: Record<string, { name: string }> | undefined = item.tags;
 
             if (!itemTags) {
                 return false; // If item has no tags and tag filter is applied, exclude it
diff --git a/lib/routes/remnote/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/remnote/changelog.ts
index b6e78a79ef..4d71da64b9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/remnote/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/remnote/changelog.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -53,6 +53,6 @@ async function handler() {
         link: `https://${FQDN}/changelog`,
         image: 'https://vault.hnxt.dev/uploads/organization_customization/favicon/3970/88153ff13b4b03492ddfee6e675228c1.png',
         item: items,
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/researchgate/publications.ts b/lib/routes/researchgate/publications.ts
index d654e45a82..c362f31635 100644
--- a/lib/routes/researchgate/publications.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/researchgate/publications.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -45,31 +45,31 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('div[itemprop="headline"] a')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 15)
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const page = await context.newPage();
                 await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
                     const request = route.request();
                     request.resourceType() === 'document' || request.resourceType() === 'script' ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                 });
-                await page.goto(item.link);
+                await page.goto(item.link!);
                 const detailResponse = await page.evaluate(() => document.documentElement.getHTML());
                 await page.close();
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                 item.doi = content('meta[property="citation_doi"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="citation_publication_date"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="citation_publication_date"]').attr('content')!);
 
-                const authors = [];
+                const authors: any[] = [];
 
                 content('meta[property="citation_author"]').each((_, el) => {
                     authors.push(content(el).attr('content'));
diff --git a/lib/routes/resonac/products.ts b/lib/routes/resonac/products.ts
index 67c3ce556e..2c624c00f1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/resonac/products.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/resonac/products.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 // import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 const item = $('dt.m-toggle__title div span a')
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((el) => ({
+                    .map((el): DataItem & { group: string } => ({
                         title: $('b', el).text().trim(),
                         link: baseUrl + $(el).attr('href'),
                         group: productGroup.groupName,
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         fullList.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response.data);
@@ -81,6 +81,6 @@ async function handler() {
         title: 'Resonac_Products',
         link: baseUrl,
         description: 'Resonac_Products',
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/reuters/common.tsx b/lib/routes/reuters/common.tsx
index 13c50d0b05..bd632d9697 100644
--- a/lib/routes/reuters/common.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/reuters/common.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
+import type { FC } from 'hono/jsx';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
-import type { JSX } from 'hono/jsx/jsx-runtime';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ const renderDescription = ({ result }: ReutersContent): string => {
                 }
 
                 if (element.type === 'header') {
-                    const HeaderTag = `h${element.level ?? 1}` as keyof JSX.IntrinsicElements;
+                    const HeaderTag = `h${element.level ?? 1}` as unknown as FC;
                     return <HeaderTag key={`header-${index}`}>{element.content ? raw(element.content) : null}</HeaderTag>;
                 }
 
@@ -365,5 +365,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item: items.slice(0, limit),
             };
         }
+        return null;
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/reuters/investigates.ts b/lib/routes/reuters/investigates.ts
index 3a9aa30368..19cd0cb9c3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/reuters/investigates.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/reuters/investigates.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -34,19 +34,21 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('article.section-article-container.row')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('h2.subtitle').text(),
-            link: $(item).find('a.row.d-flex').prop('href'),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('h2.subtitle').text(),
+                link: $(item).find('a.row.d-flex').prop('href'),
+            })
+        );
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.title = content('title').text();
                 item.description = content('article.special-report').html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('time[itemprop="datePublished"]').attr('datetime'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('time[itemprop="datePublished"]').attr('datetime')!);
                 item.author = content('meta[property="og:article:publisher"]').attr('content');
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/rfa/index.ts b/lib/routes/rfa/index.ts
index 8b80259b71..0732b6fd25 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rfa/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/rfa/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
         image: $('meta[name="og:image"]').attr('content'),
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/rfi/news.ts b/lib/routes/rfi/news.ts
index e60369f022..bc03433481 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rfi/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/rfi/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,18 +43,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.article__title a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const ldJson = JSON.parse(content('script[type="application/ld+json"]:contains("NewsArticle")').text());
 
-                item.description = content('.t-content__chapo').prop('outerHTML') + content('.t-content__main-media').prop('outerHTML') + content('.t-content__body').html();
+                item.description = content('.t-content__chapo').prop('outerHTML')! + content('.t-content__main-media').prop('outerHTML')! + content('.t-content__body').html();
                 item.pubDate = ldJson.datePublished ? parseDate(ldJson.datePublished) : undefined;
                 item.updated = ldJson.dateModified ? parseDate(ldJson.dateModified) : undefined;
                 item.author = ldJson.author?.map((author) => author.name).join(', ');
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content'),
         link: currentUrl,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
-        icon: new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
-        logo: new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+        icon: new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+        logo: new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
         item: items,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/right/forum.ts b/lib/routes/right/forum.ts
index e216bb4d65..0b37dabc22 100644
--- a/lib/routes/right/forum.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/right/forum.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,18 +45,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.s')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/forum/${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/forum/${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/rockthejvm/articles.ts b/lib/routes/rockthejvm/articles.ts
index 0db1d01567..91deb689fb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rockthejvm/articles.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/rockthejvm/articles.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('h2')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el).parent().parent();
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('h2 a');
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     text: description,
                 },
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content') ?? item.title;
@@ -86,13 +86,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     });
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content');
                 const categoryEls: Element[] = $$('meta[property="article:tag"]').toArray();
-                const categories: string[] = [...new Set(categoryEls.map((el) => $$(el).attr('content')).filter(Boolean))];
+                const categories: string[] = [...new Set(categoryEls.map((el) => $$(el).attr('content')).filter(Boolean) as string[])];
                 const authorEls: Element[] = $$('meta[property="article:author"]').toArray();
                 const authors: DataItem['author'] = authorEls.map((authorEl) => {
                     const $$authorEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$(authorEl);
 
                     return {
-                        name: $$authorEl.attr('content'),
+                        name: $$authorEl.attr('content')!,
                         url: undefined,
                         avatar: undefined,
                     };
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/rodong/news.ts b/lib/routes/rodong/news.ts
index 1335f9e0dc..b6d36fa5a2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rodong/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/rodong/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,19 +43,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('.date_news_list .row')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.media-body').text(),
-                link: `${host}/${language}/${item.find('.media-body a').attr('href')}`,
-                author: item.find('.col-sm-3').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.news_date').text(), 'YYYY.M.D.'),
+                title: $item.find('.media-body').text(),
+                link: `${host}/${language}/${$item.find('.media-body a').attr('href')}`,
+                author: $item.find('.col-sm-3').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.news_date').text(), 'YYYY.M.D.'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/routledge/book-series.tsx b/lib/routes/routledge/book-series.tsx
index 1aa5e17b58..f90c53c3e5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/routledge/book-series.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/routledge/book-series.tsx
@@ -47,15 +47,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.row.book')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('h3 a');
-            const description = item.find('p.description');
-            const meta = item.find('p.description').prev().text().split('\n');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('h3 a');
+            const description = $item.find('p.description');
+            const meta = $item.find('p.description').prev().text().split('\n');
             return {
                 title: title.text(),
                 link: title.attr('href'),
                 description: description.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(meta.pop().trim(), 'MMMM DD, YYYY'),
+                pubDate: parseDate(meta.pop()!.trim(), 'MMMM DD, YYYY'),
                 author: meta
                     .map((i) => i.trim())
                     .filter(Boolean)
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(data);
                 const isbn = $('meta[property="books:isbn"]').attr('content');
diff --git a/lib/routes/rsc/journal.tsx b/lib/routes/rsc/journal.tsx
index 670686ebda..98cc18b36a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rsc/journal.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/rsc/journal.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -68,24 +68,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const authors = item.find('div.article__authors').text().trim();
-            const doi = item.find('div.text--small span a').text().split(/org\//).pop();
+            const authors = $item.find('div.article__authors').text().trim();
+            const doi = $item.find('div.text--small span a').text().split(/org\//).pop();
 
-            const isOpenAccess = !!item.find('span.capsule__context img.ver-t').prop('alt');
-            const isManuscript = !!item.find('span.capsule__context span').text();
+            const isOpenAccess = !!$item.find('span.capsule__context img.ver-t').prop('alt');
+            const isManuscript = !!$item.find('span.capsule__context span').text();
 
-            const enclosureUrl = new URL(item.find('div.capsule__action--buttons a').prop('href').split('?').pop(), rootUrl).href;
+            const enclosureUrl = new URL($item.find('div.capsule__action--buttons a').prop('href')!.split('?').pop()!, rootUrl).href;
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3.capsule__title').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a.capsule__action').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                description: item.find('div.capsule__column-wrapper').html(),
+                title: $item.find('h3.capsule__title').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a.capsule__action').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                description: $item.find('div.capsule__column-wrapper').html(),
                 author: authors,
-                category: [item.find('span.capsule__context').text().trim(), ...authors.split(/,\s|and\s/), isOpenAccess || isManuscript],
+                category: [$item.find('span.capsule__context').text().trim(), ...authors.split(/,\s|and\s/), isOpenAccess || isManuscript] as string[],
                 guid: `rsc-${doi}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('div.text--small span.block').text().split(/on\s/).pop(), 'DD MMM YYYY'), 1),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('div.text--small span.block').text().split(/on\s/).pop()!, 'DD MMM YYYY'), 1),
                 enclosure_url: enclosureUrl,
                 enclosure_type: enclosureUrl ? 'application/pdf' : undefined,
                 doi,
@@ -120,15 +120,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     $ = load(detailResponse);
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: $('meta[name="citation_title"]').prop('content'),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'en',
-        image: new URL($('div.page-head__cell--image span img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: 'en' as Language,
+        image: new URL($('div.page-head__cell--image span img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('title').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/rsshub/routes.ts b/lib/routes/rsshub/routes.ts
index f3a0aa6fa3..8c10b09957 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rsshub/routes.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/rsshub/routes.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import markdownit from 'markdown-it';
 
 import type { NamespacesType } from '@/registry';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: isEnglish ? 'RSSHub has new routes' : 'RSSHub 有新路由啦',
         link: 'https://docs.rsshub.app',
         description: isEnglish ? 'Everything is RSSible' : '万物皆可 RSS',
-        language: isEnglish ? 'en-us' : 'zh-cn',
+        language: (isEnglish ? 'en-us' : 'zh-CN') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/rsshub/transform/html.ts b/lib/routes/rsshub/transform/html.ts
index 7c7ebd2244..9640c0b3f2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rsshub/transform/html.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/rsshub/transform/html.ts
@@ -81,15 +81,15 @@ Parsing of \`routeParams\` parameter:
             .slice(0, 20)
             .map((item) => {
                 try {
-                    item = $(item);
+                    const $item = $(item);
 
-                    const titleEle = routeParams.get('itemTitle') ? item.find(routeParams.get('itemTitle')) : item;
-                    const title = routeParams.get('itemTitleAttr') ? titleEle.attr(routeParams.get('itemTitleAttr')) : titleEle.text();
+                    const titleEle = routeParams.get('itemTitle') ? $item.find(routeParams.get('itemTitle')!) : $item;
+                    const title = routeParams.get('itemTitleAttr') ? titleEle.attr(routeParams.get('itemTitleAttr')!) : titleEle.text();
 
                     let link;
-                    const linkEle = routeParams.get('itemLink') ? item.find(routeParams.get('itemLink')) : item;
+                    const linkEle = routeParams.get('itemLink') ? $item.find(routeParams.get('itemLink')!) : $item;
                     if (routeParams.get('itemLinkAttr')) {
-                        link = linkEle.attr(routeParams.get('itemLinkAttr'));
+                        link = linkEle.attr(routeParams.get('itemLinkAttr')!);
                     } else {
                         link = linkEle.is('a') ? linkEle.attr('href') : linkEle.find('a').attr('href');
                     }
@@ -99,14 +99,14 @@ Parsing of \`routeParams\` parameter:
                         link = new URL(link, url).href;
                     }
 
-                    const descEle = routeParams.get('itemDesc') ? item.find(routeParams.get('itemDesc')) : item;
-                    const desc = routeParams.get('itemDescAttr') ? descEle.attr(routeParams.get('itemDescAttr')) : descEle.html();
+                    const descEle = routeParams.get('itemDesc') ? $item.find(routeParams.get('itemDesc')!) : $item;
+                    const desc = routeParams.get('itemDescAttr') ? descEle.attr(routeParams.get('itemDescAttr')!) : descEle.html();
 
-                    const pubDateEle = routeParams.get('itemPubDate') ? item.find(routeParams.get('itemPubDate')) : item;
-                    const pubDate = routeParams.get('itemPubDateAttr') ? pubDateEle.attr(routeParams.get('itemPubDateAttr')) : pubDateEle.html();
+                    const pubDateEle = routeParams.get('itemPubDate') ? $item.find(routeParams.get('itemPubDate')!) : $item;
+                    const pubDate = routeParams.get('itemPubDateAttr') ? pubDateEle.attr(routeParams.get('itemPubDateAttr')!) : pubDateEle.html();
 
                     return {
-                        title,
+                        title: title!,
                         link,
                         description: desc,
                         pubDate,
diff --git a/lib/routes/rsshub/transform/sitemap.ts b/lib/routes/rsshub/transform/sitemap.ts
index bba12872a3..b8503ccd8e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rsshub/transform/sitemap.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/rsshub/transform/sitemap.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const urls = $('urlset url').toArray();
     const items =
         urls && urls.length
-            ? urls
+            ? (urls
                   .map((item) => {
                       try {
                           const title = $(item).find('loc').text();
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                           return null;
                       }
                   })
-                  .filter(Boolean)
+                  .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[])
             : [];
 
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/ruancan/utils.ts b/lib/routes/ruancan/utils.ts
index 27dc82ff83..931451c526 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ruancan/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ruancan/utils.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -18,18 +19,18 @@ export const fetchFeed = async (ctx, currentUrl) => {
     let items = $('.item-title a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ export const fetchFeed = async (ctx, currentUrl) => {
                 content('.entry-copyright').remove();
 
                 content('.entry-content div').each((_, el) => {
-                    if (/^ruanc-\d+/.test(content(el).attr('id'))) {
+                    if (/^ruanc-\d+/.test(content(el).attr('id')!)) {
                         content(el).remove();
                     }
                 });
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ export const fetchFeed = async (ctx, currentUrl) => {
                 item.category = content('.entry-info a[rel="category tag"]')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => content(c).text());
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('.entry-info .entry-date').attr('datetime'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('.entry-info .entry-date').attr('datetime')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/ruc/ai.ts b/lib/routes/ruc/ai.ts
index dc4d4eb1e4..75892e2a00 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ruc/ai.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ruc/ai.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,12 +35,13 @@ export const route: Route = {
         const pageTitle = $('title').text();
         const list = $('div.fr li')
             .toArray()
-            .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a').first();
+            .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a').first();
                 const link = baseURL + a.attr('href');
                 return {
                     link,
+                    title: '',
                 };
             });
 
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
                         item.title = title;
                         const titleDiv = $('div.tit');
                         const date = titleDiv.find('span').first().text();
-                        item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(/\d+-\d+-\d+/.exec(date)[0]), 8);
+                        item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(/\d+-\d+-\d+/.exec(date)![0]), 8);
                         const frame = $('div.fr');
                         item.description = frame
                             .children()
diff --git a/lib/routes/ruc/hr.ts b/lib/routes/ruc/hr.ts
index 3ebaa02caf..2f360af937 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ruc/hr.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ruc/hr.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,20 +49,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('a[title]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${link.indexOf('..') === 0 ? link.replace(/\.\./, '') : `/${category}/${link}`}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${link!.startsWith('..') ? link!.replace(/^\.\./, '') : `/${category}/${link}`}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
diff --git a/lib/routes/sakurazaka46/blog.ts b/lib/routes/sakurazaka46/blog.ts
index e5a08dab51..82c1aa14cf 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sakurazaka46/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sakurazaka46/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -79,19 +79,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.com-blog-part .box a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                author: item.find('.name').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').split('?', 1)[0]}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                author: $item.find('.name').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.split('?', 1)[0]}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/sakurazaka46/news.ts b/lib/routes/sakurazaka46/news.ts
index a1719e5af0..0e1a3d7722 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sakurazaka46/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sakurazaka46/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,19 +43,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.com-news-part .box a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.lead').text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').split('?', 1)[0]}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.date').text()),
+                title: $item.find('.lead').text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.split('?', 1)[0]}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/samd/news.ts b/lib/routes/samd/news.ts
index 1d6eb97e5b..db2e5528bb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/samd/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/samd/news.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
     maintainers: ['hualiong'],
     handler: async (ctx) => {
         const baseURL = 'https://www.samd.org.cn/home';
-        const typeId = ctx.req.param('typeId');
+        const typeId = ctx.req.param('typeId')!;
 
         const { rows } = await ofetch('/GetNewsByTagId', {
             baseURL,
diff --git a/lib/routes/samrdprc/index.ts b/lib/routes/samrdprc/index.ts
index 37af134565..c1fb405b7d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/samrdprc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/samrdprc/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.boxl_ul ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a');
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? parseDate(pubDateStr) : undefined,
                 link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, targetUrl).href : undefined,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('div.show_tit').text();
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: new URL('images/logo_DPRC.png', baseUrl).href,
         author: $('meta[name="keyword"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/, 1)[0],
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/sara/index.ts b/lib/routes/sara/index.ts
index 212848f5a2..cc2f06f057 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sara/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sara/index.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
     maintainers: ['HChenZi'],
     handler: async (ctx) => {
         const baseUrl = 'http://www.sara.org.cn';
-        const type = ctx.req.param('type');
+        const type = ctx.req.param('type')!;
 
         const url = `${baseUrl}/news/${type}.htm`;
         const response = await ofetch(url);
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function getFeedItem(item) {
         const $ = load(response);
         return {
             description: $('.text').html(),
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN',
             ...item,
         };
     });
diff --git a/lib/routes/saraba1st/digest.tsx b/lib/routes/saraba1st/digest.tsx
index a61fb76dd4..1efbcd6d8c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/saraba1st/digest.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/saraba1st/digest.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,21 +43,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const count = list
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
         .toArray()
-        .map((each) => {
-            each = $(each);
-            const floor = each.find('th.new a.s.xst').text();
-            const floorUrl = each.find('th.new a.s.xst').attr('href');
+        .map((each): DataItem => {
+            const $each = $(each);
+            const floor = $each.find('th.new a.s.xst').text();
+            const floorUrl = $each.find('th.new a.s.xst').attr('href');
             return {
                 title: `${title}:${floor}`,
-                link: new URL(floorUrl, `${host}/2b/`).href,
-                author: each.find('td.by cite').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(each.find('td.by em').first().text()), 8),
+                link: new URL(floorUrl!, `${host}/2b/`).href,
+                author: $each.find('td.by cite').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($each.find('td.by em').first().text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const resultItems = await Promise.all(
         count.map((i) =>
-            cache.tryGet(i.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(i.link!, async () => {
                 i.description = await fetchContent(i.link);
                 return i;
             })
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ async function fetchContent(url) {
                         name: subind(el).find('.pls.favatar div.authi').text(),
                         postinfo: subind(el).find('div.authi em[id*=authorposton]').text(),
                     }}
-                    msg={subind(el).find('td[id*="postmessage_"]').html()}
-                    host={config.saraba1st.host}
+                    msg={subind(el).find('td[id*="postmessage_"]').html() ?? undefined}
+                    host={config.saraba1st.host!}
                 />
             );
             stubS.append(section);
diff --git a/lib/routes/saraba1st/thread.ts b/lib/routes/saraba1st/thread.ts
index be2613bc15..a60befc90e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/saraba1st/thread.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/saraba1st/thread.ts
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             contentHtml.find('div.aimg_tip').remove();
             return {
                 title: `${title} #${floor}`,
-                link: new URL(floorUrl, `${host}/2b/`).href,
+                link: new URL(floorUrl!, `${host}/2b/`).href,
                 description: contentHtml.html(),
                 author: each.find('.authi .xw1').text(),
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(each.find('.authi em').text()), 8),
diff --git a/lib/routes/sass/gs/index.ts b/lib/routes/sass/gs/index.ts
index 52260de5a1..390def72cc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sass/gs/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sass/gs/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
@@ -42,9 +43,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.column-news-list .cols_list .cols');
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((i, item) => {
-            const [titleLink, time] = item.children;
+            const [titleLink, time] = item.children as Element[];
             const itemDate = $(time).text();
-            const { href: path, title: itemTitle } = titleLink.children[0].attribs;
+            const { href: path, title: itemTitle } = (titleLink.children[0] as Element).attribs;
 
             const itemUrl = path.startsWith('http') ? path : host + path;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 if (itemUrl) {
                     const result = await got(itemUrl);
                     const $ = load(result.data);
-                    description = $('.read .wp_articlecontent').length ? $('.read .wp_articlecontent').html() : itemTitle;
+                    description = $('.read .wp_articlecontent').length ? $('.read .wp_articlecontent').html()! : itemTitle;
                 } else {
                     description = itemTitle;
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/scau/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/scau/yjs.ts
index 6454a5e8b5..d793f46c68 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scau/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scau/yjs.ts
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
                     link: a.attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('td').eq(3).text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('td').eq(3).text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/scau/yjsy.ts b/lib/routes/scau/yjsy.ts
index 00872744e0..21ebdf7980 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scau/yjsy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scau/yjsy.ts
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a').last();
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a').last();
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
                     link: a.attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('td').eq(2).text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('td').eq(2).text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/science/blogs.ts b/lib/routes/science/blogs.ts
index 4a729a2e79..fe0d66c894 100644
--- a/lib/routes/science/blogs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/science/blogs.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
@@ -65,16 +65,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('item')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('title').text().trim(),
-                link: item.find('link').text().trim(),
-                author: item
+                title: $item.find('title').text().trim(),
+                link: $item.find('link').text().trim(),
+                author: $item
                     .find(String.raw`dc\:creator`)
                     .text()
                     .trim(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('pubDate').text().trim()),
-                description: item
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('pubDate').text().trim()),
+                description: $item
                     .find(String.raw`content\:encoded`)
                     .text()
                     .trim(),
@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // The RSS feed is implemented by a keyword search on the science.org end
     // so the description field of the feed looks like this:
     const name_re = /Keyword search result for Blog Series: (?<blog_name>[^-]+) --/;
-    const { blog_name = 'Unknown Title' } = $('channel > description').text().match(name_re).groups;
+    const { blog_name = 'Unknown Title' } = $('channel > description').text().match(name_re)!.groups!;
 
     return {
         title: `Science Blogs: ${blog_name}`,
         description: `A Science.org blog called ${blog_name}`,
         image: `${baseUrl}/apple-touch-icon.png`,
         link: `${baseUrl}/blogs/${name}`,
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/science/cover.tsx b/lib/routes/science/cover.tsx
index e8a703c64c..0a894550a5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/science/cover.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/science/cover.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 // journals form AAAS publishing group
 //
 // science:        Science
@@ -57,24 +57,24 @@ async function handler() {
         .not('.partner-journals')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const name = item.find('.row h2').first().text().trim();
-            const volume = item
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const name = $item.find('.row h2').first().text().trim();
+            const volume = $item
                 .find('.row li')
                 .eq(0)
                 .text()
                 .trim()
-                .match(/Volume (\d+)/)[1];
-            const issue = item
+                .match(/Volume (\d+)/)![1];
+            const issue = $item
                 .find('.row li')
                 .eq(1)
                 .text()
                 .trim()
-                .match(/Issue (\d+)/)[1];
-            const date = item.find('.row li').eq(2).text().trim();
-            const coverUrl = `${baseUrl}${item.find('.cover-image__popup-moving-cover').attr('data-cover-src')}`;
+                .match(/Issue (\d+)/)![1];
+            const date = $item.find('.row li').eq(2).text().trim();
+            const coverUrl = `${baseUrl}${$item.find('.cover-image__popup-moving-cover').attr('data-cover-src')}`;
             const content = $('.cover-image__popup-view__caption-wrapper').html();
-            const link = $('.browse-journals__item__links a').eq(0).attr('href').replace('/current', '');
+            const link = $('.browse-journals__item__links a').eq(0).attr('href')!.replace('/current', '');
 
             return {
                 title: `${name} | Volume ${volume} Issue ${issue}`,
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler() {
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').attr('content'),
         image: `${baseUrl}/apple-touch-icon.png`,
         link: pageURL,
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/science/current.ts b/lib/routes/science/current.ts
index cf1d424568..2fc3fbd2df 100644
--- a/lib/routes/science/current.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/science/current.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 // stm:            Science Translational Medicine
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: `Current Issue of ${pageTitleName}`,
         image: `${baseUrl}/apple-touch-icon.png`,
         link: pageURL,
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/science/early.ts b/lib/routes/science/early.ts
index 18558bd474..b020e100be 100644
--- a/lib/routes/science/early.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/science/early.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: $('.body02').text().trim(),
         image: `${baseUrl}/apple-touch-icon.png`,
         link: pageUrl,
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/science/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/science/utils.tsx
index 6f7afeda24..ef4eeb84a1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/science/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/science/utils.tsx
@@ -42,13 +42,13 @@ const fetchDesc = (list, context) =>
     );
 
 const getItem = (item, $) => {
-    item = $(item);
+    const $item = $(item);
     return {
-        title: item.find('.article-title a').attr('title'),
-        link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('.article-title a').attr('href')}`,
-        doi: item.find('.article-title a').attr('href').replace('/doi/', ''),
-        pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.card-meta__item time').text()),
-        author: item
+        title: $item.find('.article-title a').attr('title'),
+        link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('.article-title a').attr('href')}`,
+        doi: $item.find('.article-title a').attr('href').replace('/doi/', ''),
+        pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.card-meta__item time').text()),
+        author: $item
             .find('.card-meta ul[title="list of authors"] li')
             .toArray()
             .map((author) => $(author).text())
diff --git a/lib/routes/sciencedirect/journal.ts b/lib/routes/sciencedirect/journal.ts
index 1a1d1cd38f..8601bc0cb7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sciencedirect/journal.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sciencedirect/journal.ts
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 content('a.__cf_email__').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = content(e);
-                    e.after(decodeCFEmail(e.attr('data-cfemail')));
-                    e.remove();
+                    const $e = content(e);
+                    $e.after(decodeCFEmail($e.attr('data-cfemail')));
+                    $e.remove();
                 });
 
                 const abstracts = content('.Abstracts').html() ?? '';
diff --git a/lib/routes/sciencenet/blog.ts b/lib/routes/sciencenet/blog.ts
index 61a3af5769..13bb46c9dc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sciencenet/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sciencenet/blog.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -61,19 +61,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('tr td a[title]')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: new Date(item.next().text()).toUTCString(),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: new Date($item.next().text()).toUTCString(),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/sciencenet/user.ts b/lib/routes/sciencenet/user.ts
index fc26e5ae0f..52a6555df9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sciencenet/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sciencenet/user.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -56,18 +56,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(-limit)
         .toArray()
         .toReversed()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('title').text(),
-                link: item.find('guid').text(),
+                title: $item.find('title').text(),
+                link: $item.find('guid').text(),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/scientificamerican/podcast.ts b/lib/routes/scientificamerican/podcast.ts
index 348b00d8d5..aa7c852788 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scientificamerican/podcast.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scientificamerican/podcast.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                   image,
                   banner: image,
                   updated: updated ? timezone(parseDate(updated), 8) : undefined,
-                  language,
+                  language: language as Language,
               };
 
               const enclosureUrl: string | undefined = item.media_url;
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
 
                     const detailData: string | undefined = detailResponse.match(/window\.__DATA__=JSON\.parse\(`(.*?)`\)/)?.[1];
                     const parsedDetailData = detailData ? JSON.parse(detailData.replaceAll(String.raw`\\`, '\\')) : undefined;
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: updated ? timezone(parseDate(updated), 8) : undefined,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const enclosureUrl: string | undefined = articleData.media_url;
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         feedLink: $('link[type="application/rss+xml"]').attr('href'),
         itunes_author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
         itunes_category: 'Science',
diff --git a/lib/routes/scientificamerican/templates/description.tsx b/lib/routes/scientificamerican/templates/description.tsx
index 1078746275..e202c23b2c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scientificamerican/templates/description.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/scientificamerican/templates/description.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
+import type { FC } from 'hono/jsx';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
-import type { JSX } from 'hono/jsx/jsx-runtime';
 
 type DescriptionImage = {
     src?: string;
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const ScientificAmericanDescription = ({ images, intro, content }: DescriptionDa
         })}
         {intro ? raw(intro) : null}
         {content?.map((block) => {
-            const Tag = block.tag as keyof JSX.IntrinsicElements;
+            const Tag = block.tag as unknown as FC;
             return <Tag>{raw(block.content)}</Tag>;
         })}
     </>
diff --git a/lib/routes/scmp/coronavirus.ts b/lib/routes/scmp/coronavirus.ts
index 6e7e15903c..c2ec04d041 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scmp/coronavirus.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scmp/coronavirus.ts
@@ -20,4 +20,5 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 function handler(ctx) {
     ctx.set('redirect', '/scmp/topics/coronavirus-pandemic-all-stories');
+    return null;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/scmp/index.ts b/lib/routes/scmp/index.ts
index 0bc1138751..5a2d08a1b2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scmp/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scmp/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: $('channel > link').text(),
         description: $('channel > description').text(),
         item: items,
-        language: 'en-hk',
+        language: 'en-hk' as Language,
         icon: 'https://assets.i-scmp.com/static/img/icons/scmp-icon-256x256.png',
         logo: 'https://customerservice.scmp.com/img/logo_scmp@2x.png',
         image: $('channel > image > url').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/scmp/topic.ts b/lib/routes/scmp/topic.ts
index 79f3303742..de3d119505 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scmp/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scmp/topic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: pageUrl,
         description: topicData.description.text,
         item: items,
-        language: 'en-hk',
+        language: 'en-hk' as Language,
         icon: 'https://assets.i-scmp.com/static/img/icons/scmp-icon-256x256.png',
         logo: 'https://customerservice.scmp.com/img/logo_scmp@2x.png',
         image: 'https://assets-v2.i-scmp.com/production/_next/static/media/default-image.d1be8967.png',
diff --git a/lib/routes/scnu/cs/match.ts b/lib/routes/scnu/cs/match.ts
index 32b0d38aff..219c93a8f4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scnu/cs/match.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scnu/cs/match.ts
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item
+                    title: $item
                         .contents()
                         .filter((_, node) => node.type === 'text')
                         .text(),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.r').text()),
-                    link: item.attr('href'),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.r').text()),
+                    link: $item.attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/scnu/jw.ts b/lib/routes/scnu/jw.ts
index 8e0a7a883c..5d519a800d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scnu/jw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scnu/jw.ts
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').text(),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.time').text()),
-                    link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.time').text()),
+                    link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/scnu/library.ts b/lib/routes/scnu/library.ts
index 787f77d191..1a7d640f19 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scnu/library.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scnu/library.ts
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('a').text(),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.clock').text()),
-                    link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                    title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.clock').text()),
+                    link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/scnu/physics-school-announcements-and-news.ts b/lib/routes/scnu/physics-school-announcements-and-news.ts
index db362591f7..6a74942429 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scnu/physics-school-announcements-and-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scnu/physics-school-announcements-and-news.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -11,15 +12,15 @@ const getAritlces = async (category, url, cache) => {
     const spiderResult = $('ul.article-list')
         .children()
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             const link = a.attr('href');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span.time').text()), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span.time').text()), 8),
                 category,
             };
         })
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ const getAritlces = async (category, url, cache) => {
 };
 
 const getItemsFromURLs = async (URLs, cache) => {
-    let items = Object.entries(URLs).map(([key, value]) => getAritlces(key, value, cache));
+    let items: any[] = Object.entries(URLs).map(([key, value]) => getAritlces(key, value, cache));
     items = await Promise.all(items);
     items = items.flat();
     return items;
diff --git a/lib/routes/scnu/ss.ts b/lib/routes/scnu/ss.ts
index 0ed04b7e75..526c2b2913 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scnu/ss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scnu/ss.ts
@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item
+                    title: $item
                         .contents()
                         .filter((_, node) => node.type === 'text')
                         .text(),
-                    link: item.attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.time').text()),
+                    link: $item.attr('href'),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.time').text()),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/scnu/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/scnu/yjs.ts
index 6f5aaeabf0..9e5e8a9663 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scnu/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scnu/yjs.ts
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.text(),
-                    link: item.attr('href'),
+                    title: $item.text(),
+                    link: $item.attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/scoop/apps.tsx b/lib/routes/scoop/apps.tsx
index b15d694b0c..fc006ef7e2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scoop/apps.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/scoop/apps.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 text: description,
             },
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/scpta/news.ts b/lib/routes/scpta/news.ts
index 8987f0959e..e1923bdbd7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scpta/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scpta/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -56,25 +56,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // 解析搜索结果
     const list = $('div.wrap-content li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
     // 获取公告详情
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 let description: string;
                 try {
                     const contentResponse = await got(item.link);
                     const content = load(contentResponse.data);
 
                     // 提取公告正文
-                    description = content('div.wrap-content.news-content').html();
+                    description = content('div.wrap-content.news-content').html() ?? '';
                 } catch {
                     // 如果详情页获取失败，使用默认描述
                     description = '公告内容获取失败';
diff --git a/lib/routes/sctv/programme.tsx b/lib/routes/sctv/programme.tsx
index 27ffa096a3..c896ea060c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sctv/programme.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/sctv/programme.tsx
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         url: apiUrl,
     });
 
-    let items = [];
+    let items: any[] = [];
 
     const array = response.data.data.programmeArray.slice(0, limit).map((list) => ({
         guid: list.id,
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     await Promise.all(
         array.map((list) =>
-            cache.tryGet(list.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(list.link, (async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: list.link,
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
 
                 items = [...items, ...(currentFullItems.length === 0 ? currentItems : currentFullItems)];
-            })
+            }) as unknown as () => Promise<Record<string, any>>)
         )
     );
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/scu/jwc/tzgg.ts b/lib/routes/scu/jwc/tzgg.ts
index 07fffc87fa..7ef77574d2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scu/jwc/tzgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scu/jwc/tzgg.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio'; // 可以使用类似 jQuery 的 API HTML 解析器
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ async function handler() {
     const links: string[] = $('.tz-list ul li a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link: string = item.attr('href');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link: string = $item.attr('href')!;
             return link.startsWith('http') ? link : baseIndexUrl + link;
         });
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler() {
         link: baseIndexUrl,
         description: '四川大学教务处通知公告',
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: 'https://www.scu.edu.cn/__local/B/67/25/DFAF986CCD6529E52D7830F180D_C37C7DEE_4340.png',
         logo: 'https://www.scu.edu.cn/__local/B/67/25/DFAF986CCD6529E52D7830F180D_C37C7DEE_4340.png',
         icon: 'https://www.scu.edu.cn/__local/B/67/25/DFAF986CCD6529E52D7830F180D_C37C7DEE_4340.png',
diff --git a/lib/routes/scu/scupi/notice.ts b/lib/routes/scu/scupi/notice.ts
index c38f53ce70..da1612f145 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scu/scupi/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scu/scupi/notice.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Warning: The author still knows nothing about javascript!
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 
 import { getArticle, getNotifList } from './_utils';
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler() {
     // feed the data to rss
     const items = await getNotifList();
-    const itemsWithContent = await Promise.all(items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link, () => getArticle(item))));
+    const itemsWithContent = await Promise.all(items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link!, () => getArticle(item))));
 
     return {
         title: '四川大学匹兹堡学院',
         description: '四川大学匹兹堡学院官网通知',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         image: 'https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/4/45/Sichuan_University_logo.svg',
         logo: 'https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/4/45/Sichuan_University_logo.svg',
         link: 'https://scupi.scu.edu.cn/',
diff --git a/lib/routes/scut/gzic/media.ts b/lib/routes/scut/gzic/media.ts
index 4dc01169d0..c4fe58c832 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scut/gzic/media.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scut/gzic/media.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.right-nr .row .col-lg-4')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('.thr-box a');
-            const pubDate = item.find('.thr-box a span');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('.thr-box a');
+            const pubDate = $item.find('.thr-box a span');
             return {
-                title: item.find('.thr-box a p').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.thr-box a p').text(),
                 link: a.attr('href')?.startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : `https://www2.scut.edu.cn${a.attr('href')}`,
                 pubDate: parseDate(pubDate.text()),
             };
@@ -47,13 +47,14 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
-                    const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $ = load(response);
                     item.description = $('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
                 } catch (error) {
-                    if (error.response && error.response.status === 404) {
+                    const err = error as { response?: { status?: number } };
+                    if (err.response && err.response.status === 404) {
                         item.description = '';
                     } else {
                         throw error;
diff --git a/lib/routes/scut/gzic/news.ts b/lib/routes/scut/gzic/news.ts
index cde867ac5c..9223ea8a68 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scut/gzic/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scut/gzic/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.right-nr .row .col-lg-4')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('.li-img a');
-            const pubDate = item.find('.li-img a span');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('.li-img a');
+            const pubDate = $item.find('.li-img a span');
             return {
-                title: item.find('.li-img a p').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.li-img a p').text(),
                 link: a.attr('href')?.startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
                 pubDate: parseDate(
                     pubDate
@@ -48,16 +48,16 @@ async function handler() {
                         .replaceAll(/年|月/g, '-')
                         .replaceAll('日', '')
                 ),
-                itunes_item_image: `${baseUrl}${item.find('.li-img img').attr('src')}`,
+                itunes_item_image: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('.li-img img').attr('src')}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
-                item.description = item.link.startsWith('https://mp.weixin.qq.com/') ? $('div.rich_media_content section').html() : $('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                item.description = item.link!.startsWith('https://mp.weixin.qq.com/') ? $('div.rich_media_content section').html() : $('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
                 return item;
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/scut/gzic/notice.ts b/lib/routes/scut/gzic/notice.ts
index 9c9281ad3d..4be604dcbe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scut/gzic/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scut/gzic/notice.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.right-nr .row .col-lg-4')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('.thr-box a');
-            const pubDate = item.find('.thr-box a span');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('.thr-box a');
+            const pubDate = $item.find('.thr-box a span');
             return {
-                title: item.find('.thr-box a p').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.thr-box a p').text(),
                 link: a.attr('href')?.startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
                 pubDate: parseDate(pubDate.text()),
             };
@@ -64,13 +64,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
-                    const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $ = load(response);
                     item.description = $('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
                 } catch (error) {
-                    if (error.response && error.response.status === 404) {
+                    const err = error as { response?: { status?: number } };
+                    if (err.response && err.response.status === 404) {
                         item.description = '';
                     } else {
                         throw error;
diff --git a/lib/routes/scut/jwc/news.ts b/lib/routes/scut/jwc/news.ts
index 70c9aff754..6c433cea91 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scut/jwc/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scut/jwc/news.ts
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function handler() {
             const articleData = articleApiResponse.data.data;
             articleData.id = articleMeta.id;
 
-            let articleFullText = null;
+            let articleFullText: string | null = null;
             if (!isRedirectPage(articleData)) {
                 articleFullText = generateArticleFullText(articleData);
             }
diff --git a/lib/routes/scut/jwc/notice.ts b/lib/routes/scut/jwc/notice.ts
index 64e140b14f..ded4926788 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scut/jwc/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scut/jwc/notice.ts
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const articleData = articleApiResponse.data.data;
             articleData.id = articleMeta.id;
 
-            let articleFullText = null;
+            let articleFullText: string | null = null;
             if (!isRedirectPage(articleData)) {
                 articleFullText = generateArticleFullText(articleData);
             }
diff --git a/lib/routes/scut/jwc/school.ts b/lib/routes/scut/jwc/school.ts
index 382db9816c..e8aeceb513 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scut/jwc/school.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scut/jwc/school.ts
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const articleData = articleApiResponse.data.data;
             articleData.id = articleMeta.id;
 
-            let articleFullText = null;
+            let articleFullText: string | null = null;
             if (!isRedirectPage(articleData)) {
                 articleFullText = generateArticleFullText(articleData);
             }
diff --git a/lib/routes/scut/scet/notice.ts b/lib/routes/scut/scet/notice.ts
index 3e324c4125..018860ad8b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scut/scet/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scut/scet/notice.ts
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item.find('li a').text(),
-                    description: item.find('li a').text(),
-                    link: item.find('li a').attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text(),
+                    title: $item.find('li a').text(),
+                    description: $item.find('li a').text(),
+                    link: $item.find('li a').attr('href'),
+                    pubDate: $item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text(),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/scut/seie/news-ccenter.ts b/lib/routes/scut/seie/news-ccenter.ts
index 8883786833..f512b31222 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scut/seie/news-ccenter.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scut/seie/news-ccenter.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,19 +39,19 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
 
     const list = $('.news_ul li');
-    const articleList = list.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const titleElement = item.find('.news_title a');
+    const articleList = list.toArray().map((item): DataItem => {
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const titleElement = $item.find('.news_title a');
         return {
-            title: titleElement.attr('title'),
+            title: titleElement.attr('title')!,
             link: titleElement.attr('href'),
-            pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+            pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.news_meta').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
         };
     });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         articleList.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(`${rootUrl}${item.link}`);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 });
 
                 const contentHTML = content('.wp_articlecontent').html();
-                item.description = contentHTML.replaceAll(/^(<br>)+|(<br>)+$/g, '').trim();
+                item.description = contentHTML!.replaceAll(/^(<br>)+|(<br>)+$/g, '').trim();
                 return item;
             })
         )
diff --git a/lib/routes/scut/smae/notice.ts b/lib/routes/scut/smae/notice.ts
index 5daac46095..aa8584bf4f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scut/smae/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scut/smae/notice.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 // 导入必要的模组
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -48,19 +48,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('#wp_news_w6 ul li.news')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
-            const pubDate = item.find('span.news_meta');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
+            const pubDate = $item.find('span.news_meta');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
                 pubDate: parseDate(pubDate.text()),
             };
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/scut/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/scut/yjs.ts
index 743072cb2b..73eb9f0c50 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scut/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scut/yjs.ts
@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: item
+                    title: $item
                         .contents()
                         .filter((_, node) => node.type === 'text')
                         .text(),
-                    link: `${baseUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                    link: `${baseUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/scvtc/xygg.ts b/lib/routes/scvtc/xygg.ts
index 5a2101b84f..83b6fa3378 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scvtc/xygg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scvtc/xygg.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,19 +35,19 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.text-list ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a[title]');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a[title]');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text().trim()),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text().trim()),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/posts.ts b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/posts.ts
index cf35b36f85..61482c34b7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/posts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/posts.ts
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
     });
 
     return {
-        title: `石之家 - ${POST_TYPE[type] ?? ''}帖文${postPart ? ` - ${postPart}` : ''}`,
+        title: `石之家 - ${POST_TYPE[type!] ?? ''}帖文${postPart ? ` - ${postPart}` : ''}`,
         link: `${INDEX_URL}#/post`,
         image: LOGO_URL,
         item: await generatePostFeeds(posts),
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/strats.ts b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/strats.ts
index 218a2540e3..b6cd74fa8a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/strats.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/strats.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
     });
 
     return {
-        title: `石之家 - ${POST_TYPE[type] ?? ''}攻略${stratPart ? ` - ${stratPart}` : ''}`,
+        title: `石之家 - ${POST_TYPE[type!] ?? ''}攻略${stratPart ? ` - ${stratPart}` : ''}`,
         link: `${INDEX_URL}#/strat`,
         image: LOGO_URL,
         item: await generatePostFeeds(posts),
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-dynamics.ts b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-dynamics.ts
index 1886fdca7c..e6b45a4d0c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-dynamics.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-dynamics.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
     const uid = ctx.req.param('uid');
 
-    const [dynamics, userInfo] = await Promise.all([getUserDynamic(uid), getUserInfo(uid)]);
+    const [dynamics, userInfo] = await Promise.all([getUserDynamic(uid!), getUserInfo(uid!)]);
 
     return {
         title: `石之家 - ${userInfo.character_name}@${userInfo.group_name} 的动态`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-posts.ts b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-posts.ts
index 0937449f70..4db6999ac8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-posts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-posts.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
     const uid = ctx.req.param('uid');
 
-    const [posts, userInfo] = await Promise.all([getUserPosts(uid, 1), getUserInfo(uid)]);
+    const [posts, userInfo] = await Promise.all([getUserPosts(uid!, 1), getUserInfo(uid!)]);
 
     return {
         title: `石之家 - ${userInfo.character_name}@${userInfo.group_name} 发布的帖子`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-resently.ts b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-resently.ts
index f53c3888fd..44f19fa3c1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-resently.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-resently.ts
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
     const uid = ctx.req.param('uid');
 
-    const [resently, userInfo] = await Promise.all([getResently(uid), getUserInfo(uid)]);
+    const [resently, userInfo] = await Promise.all([getResently(uid!), getUserInfo(uid!)]);
 
     return {
         title: `石之家 - ${userInfo.character_name}@${userInfo.group_name} 的游戏近况`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-strats.ts b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-strats.ts
index 2386e76990..d4b6479878 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-strats.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/user-strats.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
     const uid = ctx.req.param('uid');
 
-    const [posts, userInfo] = await Promise.all([getUserPosts(uid, 2), getUserInfo(uid)]);
+    const [posts, userInfo] = await Promise.all([getUserPosts(uid!, 2), getUserInfo(uid!)]);
 
     return {
         title: `石之家 - ${userInfo.character_name}@${userInfo.group_name} 发布的攻略`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/cmse.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/cmse.ts
index b6c0a8297c..f3f85f8485 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/cmse.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/cmse.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,21 +39,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let item = $('.article_list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('.date').text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('.date').text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
             };
         });
 
     item = await Promise.all(
         item
-            .filter((e) => e.link.startsWith('../info'))
+            .filter((e) => e.link!.startsWith('../info'))
             .map((item) => {
-                item.link = new URL(item.link.slice('3'), host).href;
+                item.link = new URL(item.link!.slice(3), host).href;
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response.data);
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                             .eq(1)
                             .text()
                             .trim()
-                            .match(/作者：(.*)/)[1] || '山东大学材料科学与工程学院';
+                            .match(/作者：(.*)/)![1] || '山东大学材料科学与工程学院';
                     $('.contentTitle, .contentTitle2').remove();
                     item.description = $('.content_detail').html();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/cs/index.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/cs/index.ts
index 3ca783b4ea..f17f7c6a95 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/cs/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/cs/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -75,23 +75,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let item = $('.dqlb ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
-                link: a.attr('href').startsWith('info/') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('.fr').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                link: a.attr('href')!.startsWith('info/') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('.fr').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     item = await Promise.all(
         item.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (new URL(item.link).hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (new URL(item.link!).hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                     return finishArticleItem(item);
                 }
-                if (new URL(item.link).hostname !== 'www.cs.sdu.edu.cn') {
+                if (new URL(item.link!).hostname !== 'www.cs.sdu.edu.cn') {
                     return item;
                 }
                 const response = await got(item.link);
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/cs/yjsgz.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/cs/yjsgz.ts
index 8bc0819865..3563115180 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/cs/yjsgz.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/cs/yjsgz.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,20 +48,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let item = $('.ss li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
-                link: a.attr('href').startsWith('info/') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('span').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                link: a.attr('href')!.startsWith('info/') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('span').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     item = await Promise.all(
         item.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const hostname = new URL(item.link).hostname;
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const hostname = new URL(item.link!).hostname;
                 if (hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                     return finishArticleItem(item);
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/epe.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/epe.ts
index 7237ef9e9a..0ab59328d2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/epe.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/epe.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,19 +40,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let item = $('#page_right_main li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
             return {
-                title: e.attr('title'),
-                link: e.attr('href'),
+                title: $e.attr('title')!,
+                link: $e.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     item = await Promise.all(
         item
-            .filter((e) => e.link.startsWith('../info'))
+            .filter((e) => e.link!.startsWith('../info'))
             .map((item) => {
-                item.link = new URL(item.link.slice('3'), host).href;
+                item.link = new URL(item.link!.slice(3), host).href;
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/index.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/index.ts
index 63604ab7fa..c753cc98b9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/index.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ const index = (link) => {
     if (link.startsWith('https://jwc.wh.sdu.edu.cn/')) {
         return jwc(link);
     }
-    return {};
+    return Promise.resolve({});
 };
 // TODO: missing route export
 export default index;
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/sdrj.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/sdrj.ts
index 288fe40f41..3141309d40 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/sdrj.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/sdrj.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export const sdrj = (link) =>
             content = $('#vsb_content').html();
             author = $("form[name='_newscontent_fromname'] > h1").text();
             const exactDateLine = $("form[name='_newscontent_fromname'] > p.info").text().trim();
-            const exactDateText = exactDateLine.match(/^发布时间：(?<date>\d+\/\d+\/\d+\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})/).groups.date;
+            const exactDateText = exactDateLine.match(/^发布时间：(?<date>\d+\/\d+\/\d+\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})/)!.groups!.date;
             exactDate = timezone(parseDate(exactDateText, 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
             return { description: content, author, exactDate };
         } catch {
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/view.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/view.ts
index 6fa7768139..79a0a516c8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/view.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/view.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export const view = (link) =>
             content = $('#vsb_content').html();
             author = $("form[name='_newscontent_fromname'] > div > p:last-of-type").text();
             const exactDateLine = $('.news_tit > p:last-child').text();
-            const exactDateText = exactDateLine.match(/^发布日期：(?<date>\d+年\d+月\d+日\s\d{2}:\d{2})/).groups.date;
+            const exactDateText = exactDateLine.match(/^发布日期：(?<date>\d+年\d+月\d+日\s\d{2}:\d{2})/)!.groups!.date;
             exactDate = timezone(parseDate(exactDateText, 'YYYY年MM月DD日 HH:mm'), 8);
             return { description: content, author, exactDate };
         } catch {
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/wh/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/wh/jwc.ts
index 5fe9cfe472..1cb05229eb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/wh/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/wh/jwc.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export const jwc = (link) =>
             const exactDateStr = exactDateElement.text();
             exactDateElement.remove();
             content = form.html();
-            const exactDateText = exactDateStr.match(/^创建时间：(?<date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})/).groups.date;
+            const exactDateText = exactDateStr.match(/^创建时间：(?<date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})/)!.groups!.date;
             exactDate = timezone(parseDate(exactDateText, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
             return { description: content, exactDate };
         } catch {
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/wh/news.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/wh/news.ts
index b78e64324a..4d36d64d9a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/wh/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/extractor/wh/news.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export const news = (link) =>
             content = $('#main-content').html();
             author = $('#source').text();
             const exactDateLine = $('.news_tit > p:last-child').text();
-            const exactDateText = exactDateLine.match(/^发布日期：(?<date>\d+年\d+月\d+日\s\d{2}:\d{2})/).groups.date;
+            const exactDateText = exactDateLine.match(/^发布日期：(?<date>\d+年\d+月\d+日\s\d{2}:\d{2})/)!.groups!.date;
             exactDate = timezone(parseDate(exactDateText, 'YYYY年MM月DD日 HH:mm'), 8);
             return { description: content, author, exactDate };
         } catch {
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/gjsw.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/gjsw.ts
index fa78b44a4f..448fa28906 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/gjsw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/gjsw.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,20 +46,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let item = $('.dqlb ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
-                link: a.attr('href').startsWith('wdhcontent') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('.fr').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                link: a.attr('href')!.startsWith('wdhcontent') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('.fr').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     item = await Promise.all(
         item.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const hostname = new URL(item.link).hostname;
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const hostname = new URL(item.link!).hostname;
                 if (hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                     return finishArticleItem(item);
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/mech.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/mech.ts
index 1dc737e1dd..76174e7c31 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/mech.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/mech.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,23 +40,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let item = $('#page_list li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
             return {
-                title: e.attr('title'),
-                link: e.attr('href'),
+                title: $e.attr('title')!,
+                link: $e.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     item = await Promise.all(
         item
-            .filter((e) => e.link.startsWith('../info') || e.link.startsWith('https://www.rd.sdu.edu.cn/'))
+            .filter((e) => e.link!.startsWith('../info') || e.link!.startsWith('https://www.rd.sdu.edu.cn/'))
             .map((item) => {
-                const isFromMech = item.link.startsWith('../info');
+                const isFromMech = item.link!.startsWith('../info');
                 if (isFromMech) {
-                    item.link = new URL(item.link.slice('3'), host).href;
+                    item.link = new URL(item.link!.slice(3), host).href;
                 }
-                return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                return cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/qd/xszxqd.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/qd/xszxqd.ts
index 26d65a1da3..fa93e1ef5b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/qd/xszxqd.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/qd/xszxqd.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -62,21 +62,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let item = $('.list_box li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
-            const link = a.attr('href').startsWith('tz_content') || a.attr('href').startsWith('content') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
+            const link = a.attr('href')!.startsWith('tz_content') || a.attr('href')!.startsWith('content') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href');
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
                 link,
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('span').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('span').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     item = await Promise.all(
         item.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const hostname = new URL(item.link).hostname;
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const hostname = new URL(item.link!).hostname;
                 if (hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                     return finishArticleItem(item);
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/qd/xyb.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/qd/xyb.ts
index 38aab9271d..ce5b745372 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/qd/xyb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/qd/xyb.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,20 +47,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let item = $('.list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text().slice(1).trim(),
-                link: a.attr('href').startsWith('info/') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('b').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                link: a.attr('href')!.startsWith('info/') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('b').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     item = await Promise.all(
         item.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const hostname = new URL(item.link).hostname;
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const hostname = new URL(item.link!).hostname;
                 if (hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                     return finishArticleItem(item);
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/sc.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/sc.ts
index 0d38f43e92..a0893b3890 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/sc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/sc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,21 +39,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let item = $('.newlist01 li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
             let link = a.attr('href');
-            link = new URL(link, host).href;
+            link = new URL(link!, host).href;
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
                 link,
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('.date').text().trim()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('.date').text().trim()),
             };
         });
 
     item = await Promise.all(
         item.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response.data);
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         $('.pr')
                             .text()
                             .trim()
-                            .match(/作者：(.*)/)[1] || '山东大学软件学院';
+                            .match(/作者：(.*)/)![1] || '山东大学软件学院';
                     $('h3, .pr').remove();
                     item.description = $('.content').html();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/wh/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/wh/jwc.ts
index 29ff04d407..8a3784067a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/wh/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/wh/jwc.ts
@@ -38,15 +38,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.articleul li');
     const out = await Promise.all(
         items.map(async (index, item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const anchor = item.find('a');
-            const dateElement = item.find('div:last-of-type');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const anchor = $item.find('a');
+            const dateElement = $item.find('div:last-of-type');
             const dateText = dateElement.text();
             dateElement.remove();
             const href = anchor.attr('href');
-            const link = href.startsWith('http') ? href : baseUrl + href;
-            const title = item.text();
-            const { description, author: exactAuthor, exactDate } = await cache.tryGet(link, () => extractor(link));
+            const link = href!.startsWith('http') ? href : baseUrl + href;
+            const title = $item.text();
+            const { description, author: exactAuthor, exactDate } = (await cache.tryGet(link!, () => extractor(link))) as Record<string, any>;
             const author = exactAuthor ?? '教务处';
             const pubDate = exactDate ?? timezone(parseDate(dateText.slice(1, -1), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
             return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/wh/news.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/wh/news.ts
index b3f4e42bf0..9c18132e42 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/wh/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/wh/news.ts
@@ -37,16 +37,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.n_newslist li');
     const out = await Promise.all(
         items.map(async (index, item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const anchor = item.find('a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const anchor = $item.find('a');
             const title = anchor.attr('title');
             const href = anchor.attr('href');
-            const link = href.startsWith('http') ? href : baseUrl + href;
-            const { description, author, exactDate } = await cache.tryGet(link, () => extractor(link));
-            const span = item.find('span');
+            const link = href!.startsWith('http') ? href : baseUrl + href;
+            const { description, author, exactDate } = await cache.tryGet<Record<string, any>>(link!, () => extractor(link));
+            const span = $item.find('span');
             const pubDate = exactDate ?? parseDate(span.text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD');
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 link,
                 description,
                 pubDate,
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdu/ygb.ts b/lib/routes/sdu/ygb.ts
index 4b5707402e..1498f077d1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdu/ygb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdu/ygb.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,21 +53,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     let item = $('.zytz-list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('a');
-            const link = a.attr('href').startsWith('info/') || a.attr('href').startsWith('content') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('a');
+            const link = a.attr('href')!.startsWith('info/') || a.attr('href')!.startsWith('content') ? host + a.attr('href') : a.attr('href');
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
                 link,
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('b').text().trim().slice(1, -1), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('b').text().trim().slice(1, -1), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
     item = await Promise.all(
         item.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const hostname = new URL(item.link).hostname;
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const hostname = new URL(item.link!).hostname;
                 if (hostname === 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                     return finishArticleItem(item);
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdust/yjsy/zhaosheng.ts b/lib/routes/sdust/yjsy/zhaosheng.ts
index 59c2cb0819..b50f985cb6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdust/yjsy/zhaosheng.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdust/yjsy/zhaosheng.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,19 +47,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.pageUl ul li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdzk/index.ts b/lib/routes/sdzk/index.ts
index c4bce321d3..7ba28118c5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdzk/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sdzk/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,18 +44,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('a[title]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const info = content('div.laylist-r em').text();
 
                 item.description = content('.txt').html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(info.split('发布时间：').pop());
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(info.split('发布时间：').pop()!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/secrss/author.ts b/lib/routes/secrss/author.ts
index d08c5db4bd..b456413101 100644
--- a/lib/routes/secrss/author.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/secrss/author.ts
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
                 const result = await got(itemUrl);
                 const $ = load(result.data);
-                const description = $('.article-body').html().trim();
+                const description = $('.article-body').html()!.trim();
                 return {
                     title: item.title,
                     link: itemUrl,
diff --git a/lib/routes/secrss/category.ts b/lib/routes/secrss/category.ts
index 75b4c7e897..1dd6be974c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/secrss/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/secrss/category.ts
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
                 const result = await got(itemUrl);
                 const $ = load(result.data);
-                const description = $('.article-body').html().trim();
+                const description = $('.article-body').html()!.trim();
                 return {
                     title: item.title,
                     link: itemUrl,
diff --git a/lib/routes/seekingalpha/index.tsx b/lib/routes/seekingalpha/index.tsx
index 420a3c1905..6942b40c9a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/seekingalpha/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/seekingalpha/index.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -121,6 +121,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: 'https://seekingalpha.com/samw/static/images/favicon.svg',
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sega/maimaidx.ts b/lib/routes/sega/maimaidx.ts
index a452c1f8f0..6e55a2430d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sega/maimaidx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sega/maimaidx.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { Cheerio } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title: 'maimai DX - Japanese Ver. News',
         link: baseUrl,
-        language: 'ja',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         item,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sehuatang/index.ts b/lib/routes/sehuatang/index.ts
index 1d2f8c095d..a64e691109 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sehuatang/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sehuatang/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ const getSafeId = () =>
             const safeId = $('script:contains("safeid")')
                 .text()
                 .match(/safeid\s*=\s*'(.+)';/)?.[1];
-            return safeId;
+            return safeId ?? '';
         },
         config.cache.routeExpire,
         false
@@ -99,21 +99,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#threadlisttableid tbody[id^=normalthread]')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 25)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const hasCategory = item.find('th em a').length;
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const hasCategory = $item.find('th em a').length;
             return {
-                title: `${hasCategory ? `[${item.find('th em a').text()}]` : ''} ${item.find('a.xst').text()}`,
-                link: host + item.find('a.xst').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('td.by').find('em span span').attr('title')),
-                author: item.find('td.by cite a').first().text(),
+                title: `${hasCategory ? `[${$item.find('th em a').text()}]` : ''} ${$item.find('a.xst').text()}`,
+                link: host + $item.find('a.xst').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('td.by').find('em span span').attr('title')!),
+                author: $item.find('td.by cite a').first().text(),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((info) =>
-            cache.tryGet(info.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(info.link, {
+            cache.tryGet(info.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(info.link!, {
                     headers,
                 });
 
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 $('em[onclick]').remove();
 
                 info.description = (postMessage.html() || '抓取原帖失败').replaceAll('ignore_js_op', 'div');
-                info.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('.authi em span').attr('title')), 8);
+                info.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('.authi em span').attr('title')!), 8);
 
                 const magnet = postMessage.find('div.blockcode li').first().text();
                 const isMag = magnet.startsWith('magnet');
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const hasEnclosureUrl = isMag || torrent !== undefined;
                 if (hasEnclosureUrl) {
-                    const enclosureUrl = isMag ? magnet : new URL(torrent, host).href;
+                    const enclosureUrl = isMag ? magnet : new URL(torrent!, host).href;
                     info.enclosure_url = enclosureUrl;
                     info.enclosure_type = isMag ? 'application/x-bittorrent' : 'application/octet-stream';
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sehuatang/user.ts b/lib/routes/sehuatang/user.ts
index 59cb582bf3..4c1e06c7fd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sehuatang/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sehuatang/user.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio'; // 可以使用类似 jQuery 的 API HTML 解析
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 // 导入必要的模组
 import got from '@/utils/got'; // 自订的 got
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#delform tr:not(.th)')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 25)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('th>a').first();
-            const category = item.find('.xg1').first().text();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('th>a').first();
+            const category = $item.find('.xg1').first().text();
             return {
                 title: `[${category}] ${a.text()}`,
                 // `link` 需要一个绝对 URL，但 `a.attr('href')` 返回一个相对 URL。
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((info) =>
-            cache.tryGet(info.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(info.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(info.link, {
                     headers: {
                         Cookie: config.sehuatang.cookie,
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const datetimeString = `${datestampString} ${timestampString}`;
                 const timestamp = new Date(datetimeString).getTime();
 
-                info.pubDate = $('.authi em span').length > 0 ? parseDate($('.authi em span').attr('title')) : parseDate(timestamp);
+                info.pubDate = $('.authi em span').length > 0 ? parseDate($('.authi em span').attr('title')!) : parseDate(timestamp);
 
                 const magnet = postMessage.find('div.blockcode li').first().text();
                 const isMag = magnet.startsWith('magnet');
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const hasEnclosureUrl = isMag || torrent !== undefined;
                 if (hasEnclosureUrl) {
-                    const enclosureUrl = isMag ? magnet : new URL(torrent, baseUrl).href;
+                    const enclosureUrl = isMag ? magnet : new URL(torrent!, baseUrl).href;
                     info.enclosure_url = enclosureUrl;
                     info.enclosure_type = isMag ? 'application/x-bittorrent' : 'application/octet-stream';
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/semiconductors/index.ts b/lib/routes/semiconductors/index.ts
index f105fc80ec..087d23f515 100644
--- a/lib/routes/semiconductors/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/semiconductors/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.col-sm-8')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a').first();
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr, 'DD/MM/YY') : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1').text();
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     const $$authorEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$(authorEl);
 
                     return {
-                        name: $$authorEl.attr('content'),
+                        name: $$authorEl.attr('content')!,
                         url: undefined,
                         avatar: undefined,
                     };
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/sensortower/blog.ts b/lib/routes/sensortower/blog.ts
index 73a2959444..8621804bf4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sensortower/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sensortower/blog.ts
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 content('div[data-testid="Text-embedded-entry-block"]').remove();
 
                 content('img').each((_, el) => {
-                    const image = (content(el).attr('srcset') ?? content(el).attr('src')).split('?w=', 1)[0];
+                    const image = (content(el).attr('srcset') ?? content(el).attr('src'))!.split('?w=', 1)[0];
 
                     content(el).replaceWith(renderDescription({ image }));
                 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/setn/index.ts b/lib/routes/setn/index.ts
index 9c0f725066..2a482c1d81 100644
--- a/lib/routes/setn/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/setn/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('.newsItems, .st-news, .all_three_list, div.title-word')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a').last();
-            const link = a.attr('href').replaceAll(/(\?|&)utm_campaign=.*/g, '');
+            const a = $item.find('a').last();
+            const link = a.attr('href')!.replaceAll(/(\?|&)utm_campaign=.*/g, '');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                let head: Record<string, unknown>;
+                let head: Record<string, any>;
                 try {
                     head = JSON.parse(content('script[type="application/ld+json"]').first().text());
                 } catch {
@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.title = content('h1').text();
                 item.author = head?.author?.name || content('meta[name="author"]').attr('content');
-                item.category = [content('meta[property="article:section"]').attr('content'), ...content('meta[name="news_keywords"]').attr('content').split(',')];
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.category = [content('meta[property="article:section"]').attr('content')!, ...content('meta[name="news_keywords"]').attr('content')!.split(',')];
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!), 8);
                 item.description = content('article, .content-p').html();
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/seu/cse/index.ts b/lib/routes/seu/cse/index.ts
index 5482b0e5b0..cd36071cfc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/seu/cse/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/seu/cse/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -51,25 +51,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.news_list .news')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('.news_title a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('.news_title a');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), host).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('.news_meta').text()),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, host).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('.news_meta').text()),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 let response;
                 try {
                     response = await got(item.link);
                 } catch (error) {
                     // intranet
-                    if (error.response.url.startsWith('https://newids.seu.edu.cn/')) {
+                    if ((error as { response: { url: string } }).response.url.startsWith('https://newids.seu.edu.cn/')) {
                         return item;
                     }
                     throw error;
diff --git a/lib/routes/seu/radio/academic.ts b/lib/routes/seu/radio/academic.ts
index 26413c0afc..f01f43012d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/seu/radio/academic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/seu/radio/academic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,19 +38,19 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
-            const a = e.find('.Article_Title a');
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
+            const a = $e.find('.Article_Title a');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), host).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(e.find('.Article_PublishDate').text()),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, host).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($e.find('.Article_PublishDate').text()),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/seu/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/seu/yjs.ts
index 7f28b23ad8..d070eb42b0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/seu/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/seu/yjs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.news')
         .toArray()
-        .map((element) => {
+        .map((element): DataItem & { date: string } => {
             const info = {
-                title: $(element).find('span.news_title > a').attr('title'),
+                title: $(element).find('span.news_title > a').attr('title')!,
                 link: `https://seugs.seu.edu.cn${$(element).find('span.news_title > a').attr('href')}`,
                 date: $(element).find('span.news_meta').text(),
             };
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 item.description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/seu/yzb/index.ts b/lib/routes/seu/yzb/index.ts
index d4a05e5086..5ef3b4817e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/seu/yzb/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/seu/yzb/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,19 +49,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('#wp_news_w3 td tbody tr')
         .toArray()
-        .map((elem) => {
-            elem = $(elem);
-            const a = elem.find('td a');
+        .map((elem): DataItem => {
+            const $elem = $(elem);
+            const a = $elem.find('td a');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), host).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(elem.find('td div').text()),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, host).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($elem.find('td div').text()),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sfacg/novel-chapter.ts b/lib/routes/sfacg/novel-chapter.ts
index 7514ca57dd..7a76da86d8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sfacg/novel-chapter.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sfacg/novel-chapter.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,16 +41,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('div.catalog-list ul li a')
         .slice(-limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `SF轻小说 ${$('h1.story-title').text()}`,
         link: `${baseUrl}/Novel/${id}`,
         description: $i('p.introduce').text(),
-        image: $i('div.summary-pic img').attr('src').replace('http://', 'https://'),
+        image: $i('div.summary-pic img').attr('src')!.replace('http://', 'https://'),
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/shcstheatre/programs.tsx b/lib/routes/shcstheatre/programs.tsx
index 7ee20b9b5f..171c113f1e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/shcstheatre/programs.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/shcstheatre/programs.tsx
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         $('#datarow .program-name a').map((_, elem) => {
-            const link = new URL($(elem).attr('href'), url);
+            const link = new URL($(elem).attr('href')!, url);
             return cache.tryGet(link.href, async () => {
                 const id = link.searchParams.get('id');
                 const res2 = await got.post('https://www.shcstheatre.com/webapi.ashx?op=GettblprogramCache', {
diff --git a/lib/routes/shiep/index.tsx b/lib/routes/shiep/index.tsx
index 75fbb1562d..364953ca3d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/shiep/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/shiep/index.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -76,13 +76,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $(listSelector)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const pubDateText = item.find(pubDateSelector).text().trim();
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const pubDateText = $item.find(pubDateSelector).text().trim();
             const match = pubDateText.match(/\b(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})\b/);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title') || item.find('h3').text() || item.find('a').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title') || $item.find('h3').text() || $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
                 pubDate: match ? parseDate(match[0], 'YYYY-MM-DD') : null,
             };
         })
diff --git a/lib/routes/shisu/en.ts b/lib/routes/shisu/en.ts
index 8b51836f81..5ea47240d7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/shisu/en.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/shisu/en.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ async function process(baseUrl: string, section: any) {
     const $ = load(r);
     const itemsoup = $('.tab-con:nth-child(1) ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((i0) => {
+        .map((i0): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const i = $(i0);
             const img = i.find('img').attr('src');
             const link = `${baseUrl}${i.find('h3>a').attr('href')}`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/shmeea/index.ts b/lib/routes/shmeea/index.ts
index aca0036ecc..3daecb5e03 100644
--- a/lib/routes/shmeea/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/shmeea/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('#main .pageList li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title') || item.find('a').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseURL).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.listTime').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title') || $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseURL).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.listTime').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/shmeea/self-study.ts b/lib/routes/shmeea/self-study.ts
index ede499ccbe..4d624f13fa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/shmeea/self-study.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/shmeea/self-study.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ function load_detail(list, cache) {
             const notice_item = load(item);
             const href = notice_item('a').attr('href');
             const url = 'http://www.shmeea.edu.cn' + href;
-            if (href[0] !== '/') {
+            if (!href!.startsWith('/')) {
                 return {
                     title: notice_item('a').attr('title'),
                     description: `<a href="${href}" >附件</a>`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/shmtu/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/shmtu/jwc.ts
index 17660818a1..b8f0d4f8e1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/shmtu/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/shmtu/jwc.ts
@@ -65,13 +65,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('tbody tr')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.views-field-nothing a').attr('title').trim(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.pubdate').text()), 8),
-                category: item.find('.views-field-field-xxlb').text(),
-                author: item.find('.views-field-field-xxly').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.views-field-nothing a').attr('title')!.trim(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.pubdate').text()), 8),
+                category: $item.find('.views-field-field-xxlb').text(),
+                author: $item.find('.views-field-field-xxly').text(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/shmtu/www.ts b/lib/routes/shmtu/www.ts
index 51e02caf52..a317811b0f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/shmtu/www.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/shmtu/www.ts
@@ -65,12 +65,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('tbody tr')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const category = item.find('.department').text().trim();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const category = $item.find('.department').text().trim();
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title a').text().trim(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.date-display-single').attr('content')),
+                title: $item.find('.title a').text().trim(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date-display-single').attr('content')!),
                 category,
                 author: category,
             };
diff --git a/lib/routes/shopback/store.ts b/lib/routes/shopback/store.ts
index 738fd111b3..292779050f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/shopback/store.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/shopback/store.ts
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('div[data-content-name]')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.attr('data-content-name'),
-                author: item.attr('data-content-merchant'),
-                description: `<p>${item.find('.mb-3').text()}</p>`,
-                link: `${rootUrl}/login?redirect=/redirect/alink/${item.attr('data-content-id')}`,
+                title: $item.attr('data-content-name')!,
+                author: $item.attr('data-content-merchant'),
+                description: `<p>${$item.find('.mb-3').text()}</p>`,
+                link: `${rootUrl}/login?redirect=/redirect/alink/${$item.attr('data-content-id')}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/shoppingdesign/posts.ts b/lib/routes/shoppingdesign/posts.ts
index a4702417d5..33295615ba 100644
--- a/lib/routes/shoppingdesign/posts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/shoppingdesign/posts.ts
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = await pMap(
         $('article-item').toArray(),
         (item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = item.attr('url');
-            return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = $item.attr('url');
+            return cache.tryGet(link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(`${link}?sn_f=1`);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 const article = $('.left article .htmlview');
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     author: $('meta[name="my:author"]').attr('content'),
                     description: article.html(),
                     category: $('meta[name="my:category"]').attr('content'),
-                    pubDate: parseDate($('meta[name="my:publish"]').attr('content')),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($('meta[name="my:publish"]').attr('content')!),
                     link,
                 };
             });
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler() {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content'),
+        title: $('meta[property="og:title"]').attr('content')!,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').attr('content'),
         item: items,
diff --git a/lib/routes/showstart/artist.ts b/lib/routes/showstart/artist.ts
index ad6884a4fd..a15dd9f682 100644
--- a/lib/routes/showstart/artist.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/showstart/artist.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
     const id = ctx.req.param('id');
     const artist = await fetchPerformerInfo({
-        performerId: id,
+        performerId: id!,
     });
     return {
         title: `${TITLE} - ${artist.name}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/showstart/brand.ts b/lib/routes/showstart/brand.ts
index 7048fc43a9..99632ea19a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/showstart/brand.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/showstart/brand.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
     const id = ctx.req.param('id');
     const brand = await fetchBrandInfo({
-        brandId: id,
+        brandId: id!,
     });
     return {
         title: `${TITLE} - ${brand.name}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/showstart/event.ts b/lib/routes/showstart/event.ts
index 210810ddbc..ace3d1fa1f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/showstart/event.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/showstart/event.ts
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
-    const cityCode = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('cityCode')).toString();
-    const showStyle = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('showStyle')).toString();
+    const cityCode = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('cityCode')!).toString();
+    const showStyle = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('showStyle')!).toString();
     const items = await fetchActivityList({
         cityCode,
         showStyle,
diff --git a/lib/routes/showstart/site.ts b/lib/routes/showstart/site.ts
index f8dc95af0a..6423e6ad74 100644
--- a/lib/routes/showstart/site.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/showstart/site.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
-    const siteId = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('siteId')).toString();
+    const siteId = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('siteId')!).toString();
     const [activityList, siteInfo] = await Promise.all([fetchActivityList({ siteId }), fetchSiteInfo({ siteId })]);
     return {
         title: `${TITLE} - ${siteInfo.name}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/shu/jwb.ts b/lib/routes/shu/jwb.ts
index 3e29242bfe..2b0fd635a2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/shu/jwb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/shu/jwb.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('li')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((ele) => ({
+        .map((ele): DataItem & { date: string; link: string } => ({
             title: $(ele).find('a').text(),
-            link: new URL($(ele).find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
+            link: new URL($(ele).find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
             date: $(ele).children('span').text(),
         }));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sicau/dky.ts b/lib/routes/sicau/dky.ts
index d1a8388027..2ecd32fc49 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sicau/dky.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sicau/dky.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('a.tit')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.prev().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.prev().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sicau/jk.ts b/lib/routes/sicau/jk.ts
index c820252664..04ff6587e1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sicau/jk.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sicau/jk.ts
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         return {
             title: '二课活动 - 四川农业大学',
             link: 'https://jk.sicau.edu.cn/act/actInfo/v1.0.0/getUserSchoolActList',
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN',
             item: items as DataItem[],
         };
     },
diff --git a/lib/routes/sicau/yan.ts b/lib/routes/sicau/yan.ts
index 4df7bb2f5c..bd8f987d32 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sicau/yan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sicau/yan.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.list-4 a[title]')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').replace(/\.\./, '/')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.replace(/^\.\./, '/')}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sicau/zsjy.ts b/lib/routes/sicau/zsjy.ts
index 197be16cde..02a71a8aae 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sicau/zsjy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sicau/zsjy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,13 +46,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('a.tit')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.prev().text()),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href').replace(/\.\./, '/')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.prev().text()),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')!.replace(/^\.\./, '/')}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sigsac/ccs.ts b/lib/routes/sigsac/ccs.ts
index 853365117b..93ce105de2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sigsac/ccs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sigsac/ccs.ts
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ async function handler() {
         })
         .filter(Boolean);
 
-    const responses = await Promise.allSettled(urlList.map((url) => ofetch(url)));
+    const responses = await Promise.allSettled(urlList.map((url) => ofetch(url!)));
 
     const items = responses.flatMap((response, i) => {
         if (response.status !== 'fulfilled') {
@@ -50,26 +50,26 @@ async function handler() {
         const paperSection = $('div.papers-item')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const title = item.find('b').text().trim();
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const title = $item.find('b').text().trim();
                 return {
                     title,
-                    author: item.find('p').text().trim().replaceAll('\n', '').replaceAll(/\s+/g, ' '),
+                    author: $item.find('p').text().trim().replaceAll('\n', '').replaceAll(/\s+/g, ' '),
                     link: `${link}#${title}`,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(link.match(/CCS(\d{4})/)[1], 'YYYY'),
+                    pubDate: parseDate(link!.match(/CCS(\d{4})/)![1], 'YYYY'),
                 };
             });
         const paperTable = $('tbody tr')
             .toArray()
             .slice(1) // skip table header
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const title = item.find('td').eq(0).text().trim();
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const title = $item.find('td').eq(0).text().trim();
                 return {
                     title,
-                    author: item.find('td').eq(1).text().trim().replaceAll('\n', '').replaceAll(/\s+/g, ' '),
+                    author: $item.find('td').eq(1).text().trim().replaceAll('\n', '').replaceAll(/\s+/g, ' '),
                     link: `${link}#${title}`,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(link.match(/CCS(\d{4})/)[1], 'YYYY'),
+                    pubDate: parseDate(link!.match(/CCS(\d{4})/)![1], 'YYYY'),
                 };
             });
         return paperSection.length ? paperSection : paperTable;
diff --git a/lib/routes/simpleinfo/index.tsx b/lib/routes/simpleinfo/index.tsx
index f4fd83b00e..fbc3ba08ca 100644
--- a/lib/routes/simpleinfo/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/simpleinfo/index.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,25 +54,25 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.article-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title').text(),
-                link: item.find('a').first().attr('href'),
-                category: item.find('.category').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.title').text(),
+                link: $item.find('a').first().attr('href'),
+                category: $item.find('.category').text(),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const result = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(result.data);
                 item.author = content('meta[property="article:author"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!), 8);
                 item.description = renderDescription({
                     image: content('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
-                    description: content('.article-content').first().html(),
+                    description: content('.article-content').first().html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 return item;
             })
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title,
         link,
-        language: 'zh-tw',
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sina/discovery.ts b/lib/routes/sina/discovery.ts
index cd3feca3f8..f5c16dfc66 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sina/discovery.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sina/discovery.ts
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = ctx.req.param('type');
-    const lid = map.get(type).id;
-    const title = map.get(type).title;
+    const lid = map.get(type)!.id;
+    const title = map.get(type)!.title;
     const pageid = '207';
     const { limit = '50' } = ctx.req.query();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sina/sports.ts b/lib/routes/sina/sports.ts
index f02433c2a9..d967444850 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sina/sports.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sina/sports.ts
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $(query)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href').replace('http://', 'https://'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href')!.replace('http://', 'https://'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sina/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/sina/utils.tsx
index 5c9c6d44f4..6349a2b628 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sina/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/sina/utils.tsx
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
         const metaPublishTime = $('meta[property="article:published_time"]');
         const htmlPubDate = $('#pub_date, .date');
         const htmlDate = htmlPubDate.length ? timezone(parseDate(htmlPubDate.text(), ['YYYY年MM月DD日 HH:mm', 'YYYY年MM月DD日HH:mm']), 8) : null;
-        const metaDate = metaPublishTime.length ? parseDate(metaPublishTime.attr('content')) : htmlDate; // 2023-05-08T08:39:31+08:00
+        const metaDate = metaPublishTime.length ? parseDate(metaPublishTime.attr('content')!) : htmlDate; // 2023-05-08T08:39:31+08:00
         item.pubDate ??= metaDate;
         item.author = $('meta[property="article:author"]').attr('content');
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
             const slideData = JSON.parse(
                 $('script')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/var slide_data = (\{.*?\})\s/)[1]
+                    .match(/var slide_data = (\{.*?\})\s/)![1]
             );
             item.description = renderToString(
                 <>
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
         } else if (item.link.startsWith('https://video.sina.com.cn/')) {
             const videoId = $('script')
                 .text()
-                .match(/video_id:'?(.*?)'?,/)[1];
+                .match(/video_id:'?(.*?)'?,/)![1];
 
             const { data: videoResponse } = await got('https://api.ivideo.sina.com.cn/public/video/play', {
                 searchParams: {
@@ -100,13 +100,13 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
             item.pubDate = parseDate(videoData.create_time, 'X');
         } else if (item.link.startsWith('https://news.sina.com.cn/') || item.link.startsWith('https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/')) {
             item.description = $('#article').html();
-            item.category = $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content').split(',');
+            item.category = $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')!.split(',');
         } else {
             // https://ent.sina.com.cn
             // https://finance.sina.com.cn
             // https://sports.sina.com.cn
             item.description = $('#artibody').html();
-            item.category = $('#keywords').data('wbkey')?.split(',');
+            item.category = ($('#keywords').data('wbkey') as string | undefined)?.split(',');
         }
 
         return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/sinchew/index.tsx b/lib/routes/sinchew/index.tsx
index c0996abf71..db79c4f5ac 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sinchew/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/sinchew/index.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -40,21 +40,21 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.title .internalLink')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.attr('data-title'),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.text()), 8),
+                title: $item.attr('data-title')!,
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${rootUrl}${link}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                 });
 
                 item.description = content('.article-page-content').html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!), 8);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/sis001/author.ts b/lib/routes/sis001/author.ts
index 8f2b33568d..69556df6ce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sis001/author.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sis001/author.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -37,18 +37,18 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
     const username = $('div.bg div.title').text().replace('的个人空间', '');
 
-    let items = $('div.center_subject ul li a[href^=thread]')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.center_subject ul li a[href^=thread]')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${config.sis001.baseUrl}/forum/${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${config.sis001.baseUrl}/forum/${$item.attr('href')}`,
                 author: username,
             };
         });
 
-    items = await Promise.all(items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => await getThread(cookie, item))));
+    items = await Promise.all(items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => await getThread(cookie, item))));
 
     return {
         title: `${username}的主题`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/sis001/common.ts b/lib/routes/sis001/common.ts
index cb53515c49..884792c193 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sis001/common.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sis001/common.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ function getCookie(url: string): Promise<string> {
             const iv = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(matches[1]);
             const encrypted = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(matches[2]);
 
-            const decrypted = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt({ ciphertext: encrypted }, key, { iv, padding: CryptoJS.pad.NoPadding });
+            const decrypted = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt({ ciphertext: encrypted } as CryptoJS.lib.CipherParams, key, { iv, padding: CryptoJS.pad.NoPadding });
 
             return 'CeRaHigh1=' + decrypted.toString(CryptoJS.enc.Hex);
         },
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function getThread(cookie: string, item: DataItem) {
             $('.postinfo')
                 .eq(0)
                 .text()
-                .match(/发表于 (.*)(?:[\n\r\u{2028}\u{2029}]\s*)?只看该作者/u)[1],
+                .match(/发表于 (.*)(?:[\n\r\u{2028}\u{2029}]\s*)?只看该作者/u)![1],
             'YYYY-M-D HH:mm'
         ),
         8
diff --git a/lib/routes/sis001/forum.ts b/lib/routes/sis001/forum.ts
index 8b8d165a75..b442e03823 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sis001/forum.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sis001/forum.ts
@@ -41,15 +41,15 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
         .toArray()
         .slice(1) // skip first empty row
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('th em').text() + ' ' + item.find('span a').eq(0).text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('span a').eq(0).attr('href'), `${config.sis001.baseUrl}/forum/`).href,
-                author: item.find('.author a').text(),
+                title: $item.find('th em').text() + ' ' + $item.find('span a').eq(0).text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('span a').eq(0).attr('href')!, `${config.sis001.baseUrl}/forum/`).href,
+                author: $item.find('.author a').text(),
             };
         });
 
-    items = await Promise.all(items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => await getThread(cookie, item))));
+    items = (await Promise.all(items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => await getThread(cookie, item))))) as typeof items;
 
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/sjtu/gs.ts b/lib/routes/sjtu/gs.ts
index 159b7db3e6..cdbac9f6da 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sjtu/gs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sjtu/gs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -61,15 +61,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('a.announcement-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const day = item.find('.day').text().trim().replace('.', '-');
-            const year = item.find('.month').text().trim();
+            const day = $item.find('.day').text().trim().replace('.', '-');
+            const year = $item.find('.month').text().trim();
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title').text().trim(),
-                link: `${item.attr('href').startsWith('http') ? '' : rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('.title').text().trim(),
+                link: `${$item.attr('href')!.startsWith('http') ? '' : rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(`${year}-${day}`, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/sjtu/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/sjtu/jwc.ts
index 6fed251b72..e7a26560dd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sjtu/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sjtu/jwc.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ async function getFullArticle(link) {
     if (content.length === 0) {
         return null;
     }
-    return content.html() + ($('.Newslist2').length ? $('.Newslist2').html() : '');
+    return content.html()! + ($('.Newslist2').length ? $('.Newslist2').html() : '')!;
 }
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .map((e) => {
                 const info = $(e).find('.wz');
                 const relativeLink = info.find('a').attr('href');
-                const link = new URL(relativeLink, sectionLink).href;
+                const link = new URL(relativeLink!, sectionLink).href;
                 const title = info.find('a > h2').text();
                 const timeElement = $(e).find('.sj');
                 const day = timeElement.find('h2').text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/sjtu/seiee/icisee.ts b/lib/routes/sjtu/seiee/icisee.ts
index a6a1b0512e..6d4c58546f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sjtu/seiee/icisee.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sjtu/seiee/icisee.ts
@@ -38,19 +38,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.djdt li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.tit').text().trim(),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.time').text().trim())),
+                title: $item.find('.tit').text().trim(),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.time').text().trim())),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch.raw(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch.raw(item.link!);
                 if (new URL(detailResponse.url).hostname !== 'mp.weixin.qq.com') {
                     return { ...item, description: $(detailResponse._data).find('.xwxq').html() };
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sjtu/seiee/index.ts b/lib/routes/sjtu/seiee/index.ts
index b2cc7efeb5..060baf0278 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sjtu/seiee/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sjtu/seiee/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -59,19 +59,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $(catID ? 'li' : '.u10 li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.name').text().trim(),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('.name').text().trim(),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
 
                 item.description = content('.nr').html();
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         content('.jj')
                             .text()
                             .trim()
-                            .match(/日期：([\d-]+) /)[1]
+                            .match(/日期：([\d-]+) /)![1]
                     ),
                     8
                 );
diff --git a/lib/routes/sjtu/yzb/zkxx.ts b/lib/routes/sjtu/yzb/zkxx.ts
index 2410fdbe3f..9459cd1085 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sjtu/yzb/zkxx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sjtu/yzb/zkxx.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,10 +39,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('li[id^="line"] a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((elem) => ({
+        .map((elem): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             link: new URL(elem.attribs.href, pageUrl).href,
             title: $(elem).text(),
-            pubDate: parseDate($(elem.next?.next).text().trim()),
+            pubDate: parseDate(
+                $(elem.next?.next ?? undefined)
+                    .text()
+                    .trim()
+            ),
         }));
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/sketis/isabelle-dev/blog/index.ts b/lib/routes/sketis/isabelle-dev/blog/index.ts
index 2ff1bc8db9..cfae7c33f3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sketis/isabelle-dev/blog/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sketis/isabelle-dev/blog/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
                 const item = $(item_);
                 const title = item.find('.remarkup-header').first();
                 const subtitle = item.find('.phui-document-summary-subtitle').first();
-                const date = subtitle.find('strong').first()[0].nextSibling.data.slice(4); // parse starts after ' on '
+                const date = (subtitle.find('strong').first()[0].nextSibling as Text).data.slice(4); // parse starts after ' on '
                 return {
                     title: title.text(),
                     // We need an absolute URL for `link`, but `a.attr('href')` returns a relative URL.
diff --git a/lib/routes/skysports/news.ts b/lib/routes/skysports/news.ts
index ed24c8b2b6..ffc1f02898 100644
--- a/lib/routes/skysports/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/skysports/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,18 +38,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.news-list__headline-link')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/slashdot/index.ts b/lib/routes/slashdot/index.ts
index cfb2012c8b..effde25ecd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/slashdot/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/slashdot/index.ts
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 pubDate: parseDate(
                     details
                         .find('time')
-                        .attr('datetime')
-                        ?.replace(/on\s\w+?day\s/, '')
-                        ?.replace('@', '')
-                        ?.replace(/(\d{2}:\d{2})(\w{2})$/, '$1 $2')
+                        .attr('datetime')!
+                        .replace(/on\s\w+?day\s/, '')
+                        .replace('@', '')
+                        .replace(/(\d{2}:\d{2})(\w{2})$/, '$1 $2')
                 ),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/smashingmagazine/category.ts b/lib/routes/smashingmagazine/category.ts
index 1a12f5a833..9690fcff16 100644
--- a/lib/routes/smashingmagazine/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/smashingmagazine/category.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -74,17 +74,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const listItems = $('article.article--post')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('h2.article--post__title a');
-            const description = item
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('h2.article--post__title a');
+            const description = $item
                 .find('p.article--post__teaser')
                 .contents()
                 .filter((_, node) => node.type === 'text')
                 .text();
-            const author = item.find('span.article--post__author-name a').text();
+            const author = $item.find('span.article--post__author-name a').text();
             const time = $('p.article--post__teaser time').attr('datetime');
-            const pubDate = parseDate(time, 'YYYY-MM-DD');
+            const pubDate = parseDate(time!, 'YYYY-MM-DD');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
@@ -124,6 +124,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: 'Latest Articles on Smashingmagazine.com',
         logo: 'https://www.smashingmagazine.com/images/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png',
         icon: 'https://www.smashingmagazine.com/images/favicon/favicon.svg',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/smzdm/article.ts b/lib/routes/smzdm/article.ts
index 2fcaf425dd..0236196243 100644
--- a/lib/routes/smzdm/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/smzdm/article.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,24 +53,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.pandect-content-stuff')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.pandect-content-title a').text(),
-                link: item.find('.pandect-content-title a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.pandect-content-time').text(), ['YYYY-MM-DD', 'MM-DD HH:mm']), 8),
+                title: $item.find('.pandect-content-title a').text(),
+                link: $item.find('.pandect-content-title a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.pandect-content-time').text(), ['YYYY-MM-DD', 'MM-DD HH:mm']), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: getHeaders(),
                 });
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 item.description = $('.m-contant article').html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content'), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')!, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
                 item.author = $('meta[property="og:author"]').attr('content');
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/smzdm/baoliao.ts b/lib/routes/smzdm/baoliao.ts
index 376d888bba..6bacc6fb69 100644
--- a/lib/routes/smzdm/baoliao.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/smzdm/baoliao.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,18 +53,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.pandect-content-stuff')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.pandect-content-title a').text(),
-                link: item.find('.pandect-content-title a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.pandect-content-time').text(), ['YYYY-MM-DD', 'MM-DD HH:mm']), 8),
+                title: $item.find('.pandect-content-title a').text(),
+                link: $item.find('.pandect-content-title a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.pandect-content-time').text(), ['YYYY-MM-DD', 'MM-DD HH:mm']), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: getHeaders(),
                 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/smzdm/haowen-fenlei.ts b/lib/routes/smzdm/haowen-fenlei.ts
index 281675dbf2..a90aa32712 100644
--- a/lib/routes/smzdm/haowen-fenlei.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/smzdm/haowen-fenlei.ts
@@ -61,27 +61,27 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('div.list.post-list')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h2.item-name a').text(),
-                link: item.find('h2.item-name a').attr('href'),
-                description: item.find('.item-info').html(),
-                author: item.find('.nickname').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span.time').text(), ['HH:mm', 'MM-DD HH:mm', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm']), 8),
+                title: $item.find('h2.item-name a').text(),
+                link: $item.find('h2.item-name a').attr('href'),
+                description: $item.find('.item-info').html(),
+                author: $item.find('.nickname').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span.time').text(), ['HH:mm', 'MM-DD HH:mm', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm']), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link, {
                         headers: getHeaders(),
                     });
                     const $ = load(response.data);
                     item.description = $('article').html();
-                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')), 8);
-                    item.author = $('meta[property="og:author"]').attr('content');
+                    item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')!), 8);
+                    item.author = $('meta[property="og:author"]').attr('content')!;
                 } catch {
                     // 404
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/smzdm/keyword.ts b/lib/routes/smzdm/keyword.ts
index 9ccc0491b9..acf3a09380 100644
--- a/lib/routes/smzdm/keyword.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/smzdm/keyword.ts
@@ -66,12 +66,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 return {
-                    title: `${item.find('.feed-block-title a').eq(0).text().trim()} - ${item.find('.feed-block-title a').eq(1).text().trim()}`,
-                    description: `${item.find('.feed-block-descripe').contents().eq(2).text().trim()}<br>${item.find('.feed-block-extras span').text().trim()}<br><img src="http:${item.find('.z-feed-img img').attr('src')}">`,
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.feed-block-extras').contents().eq(0).text().trim(), ['MM-DD HH:mm', 'HH:mm']), 8),
-                    link: item.find('.feed-block-title a').attr('href'),
+                    title: `${$item.find('.feed-block-title a').eq(0).text().trim()} - ${$item.find('.feed-block-title a').eq(1).text().trim()}`,
+                    description: `${$item.find('.feed-block-descripe').contents().eq(2).text().trim()}<br>${$item.find('.feed-block-extras span').text().trim()}<br><img src="http:${$item.find('.z-feed-img img').attr('src')}">`,
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.feed-block-extras').contents().eq(0).text().trim(), ['MM-DD HH:mm', 'HH:mm']), 8),
+                    link: $item.find('.feed-block-title a').attr('href'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/smzdm/product.ts b/lib/routes/smzdm/product.ts
index 5947099feb..cabc000088 100644
--- a/lib/routes/smzdm/product.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/smzdm/product.ts
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // get detail info from each item
     const out = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link, {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async (): Promise<any> => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!, {
                     headers: getHeaders(),
                 });
                 const $ = load(response);
@@ -97,6 +97,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title,
         link,
-        item: filteredOut,
+        item: filteredOut as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/smzdm/utils.ts b/lib/routes/smzdm/utils.ts
index c3fa161549..005e4fd343 100644
--- a/lib/routes/smzdm/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/smzdm/utils.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@ import { config } from '@/config';
 
 export const getHeaders = () => ({
     accept: 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
-    cookie: config.smzdm.cookie,
+    cookie: config.smzdm.cookie!,
     'x-requested-with': 'XMLHttpRequest',
 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/snowpeak/us-new-arrivals.tsx b/lib/routes/snowpeak/us-new-arrivals.tsx
index 7d87abd2d2..ca41bdf253 100644
--- a/lib/routes/snowpeak/us-new-arrivals.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/snowpeak/us-new-arrivals.tsx
@@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 const host = 'https://www.snowpeak.com';
+
+interface Product {
+    title: string;
+    handle: string;
+    published_at: string;
+    tags: string[];
+    description: string;
+    variants: Array<{ name: string }>;
+    images: string[];
+}
+
 export const route: Route = {
     path: '/us/new-arrivals',
     categories: ['shopping'],
@@ -41,30 +52,30 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('.element.product-tile')
         .toArray()
         .map((element) => {
-            const data = {};
-            const product = $(element).find('.product-data').data('product');
-            data.title = product.title;
-            data.link = `${host}/products/${product.handle}`;
-            data.pubDate = new Date(product.published_at).toUTCString();
-            data.category = product.tags;
-            data.variants = product.variants.map((item) => item.name);
-            data.description =
-                product.description +
-                renderToString(
-                    <div>
-                        Variant:
-                        <br />
-                        {product.variants.map((variant) => (
-                            <>
-                                {variant.name}
-                                <br />
-                            </>
-                        ))}
-                        {product.images.map((image) => (
-                            <img src={image} />
-                        ))}
-                    </div>
-                );
+            const product = $(element).find('.product-data').data('product') as Product;
+            const data: DataItem = {
+                title: product.title,
+                link: `${host}/products/${product.handle}`,
+                pubDate: new Date(product.published_at).toUTCString(),
+                category: product.tags,
+                description:
+                    product.description +
+                    renderToString(
+                        <div>
+                            Variant:
+                            <br />
+                            {product.variants.map((variant) => (
+                                <>
+                                    {variant.name}
+                                    <br />
+                                </>
+                            ))}
+                            {product.images.map((image) => (
+                                <img src={image} />
+                            ))}
+                        </div>
+                    ),
+            };
 
             return data;
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/sobooks/utils.ts b/lib/routes/sobooks/utils.ts
index 562e92b41b..6b388651f0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sobooks/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sobooks/utils.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -17,17 +18,17 @@ export const utils = async (ctx, currentUrl) => {
     const list = $('.card-item h3 a')
         .slice(0, 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/sohu/mobile.ts b/lib/routes/sohu/mobile.ts
index 9d4af0dfff..d7edc7d3d7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sohu/mobile.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sohu/mobile.ts
@@ -56,12 +56,12 @@ async function handler() {
                     const $d = load(detailResp);
 
                     let description = '';
-                    let pubDate = '';
+                    let pubDate: string | undefined = '';
                     if (item.link.includes('/xtopic/')) {
                         const fullArticleUrl = $d('.tpl-top-text-item-content').prop('href')?.split('?', 1)[0]?.replace('www.sohu.com/', 'm.sohu.com/');
                         const response = await ofetch(`https:${fullArticleUrl}`);
                         const $ = load(response);
-                        description = getDescription($);
+                        description = getDescription($) ?? '';
                         pubDate = extractPubDate($);
                     }
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
 function extractPlateBlockNewsLists(jsonData: any) {
     const result: any[] = [];
-    for (const [key, plateBlock] of Object.entries(jsonData)) {
+    for (const [key, plateBlock] of Object.entries<any>(jsonData)) {
         if (!key.startsWith('PlateBlock')) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ function extractPlateBlockNewsLists(jsonData: any) {
     return result;
 }
 
-function extractPubDate($: CheerioAPI): string {
+function extractPubDate($: CheerioAPI): string | undefined {
     const timeElements = ['.time', '#videoPublicTime'];
     let date;
     for (const selector of timeElements) {
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ function extractPubDate($: CheerioAPI): string {
     const img = $('meta[name="share_img"]')
         .toArray()
         .map((i) => $(i).attr('src'))
-        .find((i) => i.includes('images01'));
-    date = img ? parseDate(img?.match(/images01\/(\d{8})\//i)?.[1]) : '';
+        .find((i) => i!.includes('images01'));
+    date = img ? parseDate(img.match(/images01\/(\d{8})\//i)![1]) : '';
     if (date) {
         return date;
     }
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ function extractPubDate($: CheerioAPI): string {
 function getDescription($: CheerioAPI): string | null {
     const content = $('#articleContent');
     if (content.length) {
-        return content.first().html()?.trim();
+        return content.first().html()?.trim() ?? null;
     }
     const video = $('#videoPlayer div');
     if (video.length) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/sohu/mp.tsx b/lib/routes/sohu/mp.tsx
index 2b8a90ca6f..a0400cd6ed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sohu/mp.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/sohu/mp.tsx
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ function fetchArticle(item) {
 
         $('.original-title, .lookall-box').remove();
         item.author ||= $('span[data-role="original-link"] a').text();
-        item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[itemprop="dateUpdate"]').attr('content')), 8);
+        item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('meta[itemprop="dateUpdate"]').attr('content')!), 8);
 
         if (/window\.sohu_mp\.article_video/.test($('script').text())) {
             const videoSrc = $('script')
@@ -140,10 +140,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const blockRenderData = JSON.parse(
         $('script:contains("column_2_text")')
             .text()
-            .match(/(\{.*\})/)?.[1]
+            .match(/(\{.*\})/)![1]
     );
-    const renderData = blockRenderData[Object.keys(blockRenderData).find((e) => e.startsWith('FeedSlideloadAuthor'))];
-    const briefIntroductionCard = blockRenderData[Object.keys(blockRenderData).find((e) => e.startsWith('BriefIntroductionCard'))].param.data.list[0];
+    const renderData = blockRenderData[Object.keys(blockRenderData).find((e) => e.startsWith('FeedSlideloadAuthor'))!];
+    const briefIntroductionCard = blockRenderData[Object.keys(blockRenderData).find((e) => e.startsWith('BriefIntroductionCard'))!].param.data.list[0];
 
     const globalConst = JSON.parse(
         $('script:contains("globalConst")')
diff --git a/lib/routes/solidot/_article.ts b/lib/routes/solidot/_article.ts
index b2cbf044c1..8f93f7f670 100644
--- a/lib/routes/solidot/_article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/solidot/_article.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ export default async function get_article(url) {
     $('div.ct_tittle').remove();
     $('div.talk_time').remove();
     const description = $('div.block_m')
-        .html()
+        .html()!
         .replaceAll(/(href.*?)<u>(.*?)<\/u>/g, '$1$2')
         // Preserve the not extremely disturbing donation ad
         // to support the site.
diff --git a/lib/routes/solidot/main.ts b/lib/routes/solidot/main.ts
index f89f5d471b..b91a0529df 100644
--- a/lib/routes/solidot/main.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/solidot/main.ts
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const urls = Array.from(a, (element) => $(element).attr('href'));
 
     // get articles
-    const msg_list = await Promise.all(urls.map((u) => cache.tryGet(u, () => get_article(u))));
+    const msg_list = await Promise.all(urls.map((u) => cache.tryGet(u!, () => get_article(u))));
 
     // feed the data
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/sony/downloads.ts b/lib/routes/sony/downloads.ts
index 222cdf2a38..7a8461b7f6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sony/downloads.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sony/downloads.ts
@@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const regex = /window\.__PRELOADED_STATE__\.downloads\s*=\s*(\{.*?\});\s*window\.__PRELOADED_STATE__/s;
 
     const match = contents.match(regex);
-    let results = {};
+    let results = {} as Record<string, any>;
     if (match) {
         results = JSON.parse(match[1]).searchResults.results;
     }
     const list = results.map((item) => {
-        const data = { title: item.title, pubDate: item.publicationDate };
+        const data: { title: string; pubDate: string; url?: string } = { title: item.title, pubDate: item.publicationDate };
         const url = item.url;
         if (url.startsWith('http')) {
             data.url = url;
diff --git a/lib/routes/sorrycc/index.ts b/lib/routes/sorrycc/index.ts
index 5be50b9f5d..820c74ba03 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sorrycc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sorrycc/index.ts
@@ -46,13 +46,13 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
     const data = await ofetch<Post[]>(`${host}/wp-json/wp/v2/posts?per_page=${limit}`);
 
     const items: DataItem[] = await Promise.all(
-        data.map(async (item) => {
+        data.map(async (item): Promise<DataItem> => {
             const title = item.title.rendered;
             const link = item.link;
             const pubDate = parseDate(item.date_gmt);
             const updated = parseDate(item.modified_gmt);
             if (item.categories.includes(7) && cookie) {
-                return (await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+                return await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                     const article = await ofetch(link, {
                         headers: {
                             Cookie: `wordpress_logged_in_${WORDPRESS_HASH}=${cookie}`,
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
                         pubDate,
                         updated,
                     };
-                })) as unknown as DataItem;
+                });
             }
             return {
                 title,
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
                 link,
                 pubDate,
                 updated,
-            } as DataItem;
+            };
         })
     );
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/soundofhope/channel.ts b/lib/routes/soundofhope/channel.ts
index e47a9e6d7f..1e5425efa0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/soundofhope/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/soundofhope/channel.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,14 +44,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const title = $('div.left > nav').text().split('/').slice(1).join('');
     const list = $('div.item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('div.title').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('div.title').text(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/soundon/podcast.ts b/lib/routes/soundon/podcast.ts
index 06c3f726e1..148dc04a21 100644
--- a/lib/routes/soundon/podcast.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/soundon/podcast.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
         itunes_category: podcastInfo.itunesCategories.join(', '),
         itunes_explicit: podcastInfo.explicit,
         image: podcastInfo.cover,
-        language: podcastInfo.language,
+        language: podcastInfo.language as Language,
         link: podcastInfo.url,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/sourceforge/index.ts b/lib/routes/sourceforge/index.ts
index ef125c2db3..181f28c03e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sourceforge/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sourceforge/index.ts
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const title = item.find('.result-heading-title').text().trim();
             const link = `${baseURL}${item.find('.result-heading-title').attr('href')}`;
             const description = item.find('.result-heading-texts').html();
-            const pubDate = parseDate(item.find('time').attr('datetime'), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
+            const pubDate = parseDate(item.find('time').attr('datetime')!, 'YYYY-MM-DD');
 
             return {
                 title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/springer/journal.tsx b/lib/routes/springer/journal.tsx
index b5182ecec8..033117bc3f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/springer/journal.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/springer/journal.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((c) => c.split(';', 1)[0])
         .join('; ');
 
-    await ofetch(authorizeResponse.headers.get('location'), {
+    await ofetch(authorizeResponse.headers.get('location')!, {
         headers: {
             cookie: authorizeCookie,
         },
@@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const issue = $2('h2.app-journal-latest-issue__heading').text();
     const list = $2('ol.u-list-reset > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { doi: string; issue: string; img?: string; authors: string; abstract?: string } => {
             const title = $(item).find('h3.app-card-open__heading').find('a').text().trim();
             const link = $(item).find('h3.app-card-open__heading').find('a').attr('href');
-            const doi = link.replace('https://link.springer.com/article/', '');
+            const doi = link!.replace('https://link.springer.com/article/', '');
             const img = $(item).find('img').attr('src');
             const authors = $(item)
                 .find('li')
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 .join('; ');
             return {
                 title,
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `${host}${link}`,
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${host}${link}`,
                 doi,
                 issue,
                 img,
@@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         );
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response3 = await ofetch(item.link, {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response3 = await ofetch(item.link!, {
                     headers: {
                         cookie: authorizeCookie,
                     },
diff --git a/lib/routes/sputniknews/index.ts b/lib/routes/sputniknews/index.ts
index 17dc7b0090..71ac62ba0a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sputniknews/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sputniknews/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -118,18 +118,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.list__title')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('a[data-unixtime]').attr('data-unixtime') * 1000);
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(Number(content('a[data-unixtime]').attr('data-unixtime')) * 1000);
 
                 item.category = content('.tag__text')
                     .toArray()
diff --git a/lib/routes/sqmc/www.ts b/lib/routes/sqmc/www.ts
index 7a6d3ca6ce..6eb5c2f7b6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sqmc/www.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sqmc/www.ts
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: currentUrl,
         item: await Promise.all(
             list.map(async (item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
 
-                const link = new URL(item.find('dt a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href;
-                const pubDate = parseDate(item.find('dd').eq(0).text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
+                const link = new URL($item.find('dt a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href;
+                const pubDate = parseDate($item.find('dd').eq(0).text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
 
                 const cacheIn = await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                     return {
-                        title: item.find('dt a').text(),
+                        title: $item.find('dt a').text(),
                         description: content('div.Tr_Detail').html(),
                         link,
                         pubDate: timezone(pubDate, 8),
diff --git a/lib/routes/sse/inquire.tsx b/lib/routes/sse/inquire.tsx
index 8dc4b5009c..286269a7ec 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sse/inquire.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/sse/inquire.tsx
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler() {
 }
 
 const SseInquireDescription = ({ item }: { item: any }) => (
-    <table border="1">
+    <table border={1}>
         <tr>
             <td> 公司代码 : </td>
             <td>{item.stockcode}</td>
diff --git a/lib/routes/sse/sselawsrules.ts b/lib/routes/sse/sselawsrules.ts
index feb2d3fe7c..b08d71f838 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sse/sselawsrules.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sse/sselawsrules.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -20,19 +20,19 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div#sse_list_1 dl dd')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text().trim(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text().trim()),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('a').text().trim(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text().trim()),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                               $$('meta[name="others"]')
                                   .prop('content')
                                   .split(/时间\s/)
-                                  .pop()
+                                  .pop()!
                           ),
                           8
                       )
diff --git a/lib/routes/sspai/topics.ts b/lib/routes/sspai/topics.ts
index b034ba813e..47b01da095 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sspai/topics.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sspai/topics.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
-import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -35,25 +34,13 @@ async function handler() {
         url: api_url,
     });
     const data = resp.data.list;
-    const items = await Promise.all(
-        data.map((item) => {
-            const link = `https://sspai.com/topic/${item.id}`;
-            let description = '';
-
-            const key = `sspai:topics:${item.id}`;
-            return cache.tryGet(key, () => {
-                description = `<br><img src="https://cdnfile.sspai.com/${item.banner}" alt="Article Cover Image" style="display: block; margin: 0 auto;"/>${item.intro}<br>如有兴趣,请复制链接订阅 <br> <h3>https://rsshub.app/sspai/topic/${item.id}</h3>`;
-
-                return {
-                    title: item.title.trim(),
-                    description,
-                    link,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.released_at * 1000),
-                    author: item.author.nickname,
-                };
-            });
-        })
-    );
+    const items = data.map((item) => ({
+        title: item.title.trim(),
+        description: `<br><img src="https://cdnfile.sspai.com/${item.banner}" alt="Article Cover Image" style="display: block; margin: 0 auto;"/>${item.intro}<br>如有兴趣,请复制链接订阅 <br> <h3>https://rsshub.app/sspai/topic/${item.id}</h3>`,
+        link: `https://sspai.com/topic/${item.id}`,
+        pubDate: parseDate(item.released_at * 1000),
+        author: item.author.nickname,
+    }));
 
     return {
         title: '少数派专题广场更新推送',
diff --git a/lib/routes/sspu/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/sspu/jwc.ts
index a9101dbe15..7451c86f26 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sspu/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sspu/jwc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.news_list .news')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('.news_title a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('.news_title a');
             return {
-                title: title.attr('title'),
+                title: title.attr('title')!,
                 link: `${baseUrl}${title.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/sspu/pe.ts b/lib/routes/sspu/pe.ts
index 267abd63d6..d9a386d600 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sspu/pe.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sspu/pe.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -79,20 +79,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('table.wp_article_list_table a[title]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.prev().text()),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.prev().text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (item.link.endsWith('htm')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (item.link!.endsWith('htm')) {
                     const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                     const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const author = '上海第二工业大学';
     const subtitle = $('title').text();
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${author} - ${subtitle}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('div.tyb_headtitle1').text(),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle,
diff --git a/lib/routes/stanford/blog.ts b/lib/routes/stanford/blog.ts
index 03f10a6527..8160dc68d8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stanford/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stanford/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler() {
         title: 'Hazy Research Blog',
         link: currentUrl,
         description: 'Research updates from Stanford Hazy Research',
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/startuplatte/index.ts b/lib/routes/startuplatte/index.ts
index 24e5a41949..2c9abaf81c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/startuplatte/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/startuplatte/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,18 +46,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.post-header h2 a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/stbu/jsjxy.ts b/lib/routes/stbu/jsjxy.ts
index aece3ccf60..b30b32bc7e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stbu/jsjxy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stbu/jsjxy.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(gbk2utf8(response));
     const list = $('.content dl h4')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link, {
                     responseType: 'buffer',
                 });
                 const $ = load(gbk2utf8(response));
-                item.description = $('.content14').first().html().trim();
+                item.description = $('.content14').first().html()!.trim();
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('.article .source').text().split('日期：', 2)[1].replace('\n', '').trim()), 8);
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/stbu/xyxw.ts b/lib/routes/stbu/xyxw.ts
index aca98f09f6..7ca4055b02 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stbu/xyxw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stbu/xyxw.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(gbk2utf8(response));
     const list = $('.style_2 .Simple_title')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link, {
                     responseType: 'buffer',
                 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/stcn/index.ts b/lib/routes/stcn/index.ts
index 5ba62ff6f1..278b4305fe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stcn/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stcn/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.infinite-list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
 
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('div.tt a');
 
             const title: string = $aEl.text();
-            const description: string = $el.find('div.text').html();
+            const description: string = $el.find('div.text').html() ?? '';
             const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $el.find('div.info span').last().text();
             const linkUrl: string | undefined = $aEl.attr('href');
             const categoryEls: Element[] = $el.find('div.tags span').toArray();
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr, ['HH:mm', 'MM-DD HH:mm', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm']), 8) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.detail-title').text();
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.stcn-logo').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/, 1)[0],
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/stcn/kx.ts b/lib/routes/stcn/kx.ts
index 18dbec08f1..fb9e8573a7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stcn/kx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stcn/kx.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated, 'X') : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.detail-title').text();
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.stcn-logo').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/, 1)[0],
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/stcn/rank.ts b/lib/routes/stcn/rank.ts
index 27bfdb8790..402706cbcd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stcn/rank.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stcn/rank.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         const processedItem: DataItem = {
             title,
             link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, baseUrl).href : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.detail-title').text();
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.stcn-logo').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[name="keywords"]').attr('content')?.split(/,/, 1)[0],
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/steam/search.ts b/lib/routes/steam/search.ts
index 94ae17dc69..879a05d2f9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/steam/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/steam/search.ts
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: 'Steam search result',
         description: `Query: ${query.toString()}`,
-        link: /g_strUnfilteredURL\s=\s'(.*)'/.exec(html)[1],
+        link: /g_strUnfilteredURL\s=\s'(.*)'/.exec(html)![1],
         item: $('#search_result_container a')
             .toArray()
             .map((a) => {
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 let desc = '';
                 if (isBundle) {
-                    const bundle = JSON.parse($el.attr('data-ds-bundle-data'));
+                    const bundle = JSON.parse($el.attr('data-ds-bundle-data')!);
                     desc += 'Bundle\n';
                     if (bundle.m_bRestrictGifting) {
                         desc += 'Restrict gifting\n';
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     description: desc.replaceAll('\n', '<br>'),
                     media: {
                         thumbnail: {
-                            url: $el.find('.search_capsule img').attr('src'),
+                            url: $el.find('.search_capsule img').attr('src')!,
                         },
                     },
                 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/steam/sharefile-changelog.ts b/lib/routes/steam/sharefile-changelog.ts
index b8356d4392..5206e5e0f6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/steam/sharefile-changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/steam/sharefile-changelog.ts
@@ -41,17 +41,17 @@ Helpful route parameters:
         const items = $('div.clearfix .changeLogCtn')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
+                const $item = $(item);
                 // changelogHeadline is local time
-                const changelogHeadline = item.find('.headline').text();
-                const changelogTimestamp = item.find('p').attr('id');
-                const changeDetail = item.find('p').html();
+                const changelogHeadline = $item.find('.headline').text();
+                const changelogTimestamp = $item.find('p').attr('id');
+                const changeDetail = $item.find('p').html();
 
                 return {
                     title: changelogHeadline,
                     link: `https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/changelog/${sharefileID}`,
                     description: changeDetail,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(changelogTimestamp, 'X'),
+                    pubDate: parseDate(changelogTimestamp!, 'X'),
                 };
             });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/steam/workshop-search.tsx b/lib/routes/steam/workshop-search.tsx
index cadf710862..f0a3d7b02f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/steam/workshop-search.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/steam/workshop-search.tsx
@@ -45,15 +45,15 @@ Language Parameter:
         const items = $('div.workshopBrowseItems .workshopItem')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const publishedFileId = item.find('a').first().attr('data-publishedfileid');
-                const entryTitle = item.find('.workshopItemTitle').first().text();
-                const authorNickName = item.find('.workshop_author_link').first().text();
-                const previewImage = item.find('.workshopItemPreviewImage').first().attr('src');
-                const ratingImage = item.find('.fileRating').first().attr('src');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const publishedFileId = $item.find('a').first().attr('data-publishedfileid');
+                const entryTitle = $item.find('.workshopItemTitle').first().text();
+                const authorNickName = $item.find('.workshop_author_link').first().text();
+                const previewImage = $item.find('.workshopItemPreviewImage').first().attr('src');
+                const ratingImage = $item.find('.fileRating').first().attr('src');
                 // Some items are flaged as 'accepted for game' and 'incompatible item'
                 const checkMarkImages: string[] = [];
-                $(item)
+                $($item)
                     .find('.workshop_checkmark')
                     .each((index, element) => {
                         const checkMarkElement = $(element);
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ Language Parameter:
                     });
                 // const script_tag = item.next('script');
                 // console.log(`script_tag:${script_tag.text()}`);
-                const hoverContent = item.next('script').text();
+                const hoverContent = $item.next('script').text();
                 const regex = /SharedFileBindMouseHover\(\s*"sharedfile_\d+",\s*(?:true|false),\s*(\{.*?\})\s*\);/;
                 const match = hoverContent.match(regex);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/stheadline/std/realtime.ts b/lib/routes/stheadline/std/realtime.ts
index d11558bca4..d111a27f21 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stheadline/std/realtime.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stheadline/std/realtime.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.news-block .news-detail > a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), 'https://www.stheadline.com').href,
+                title: $item.find('.title').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, 'https://www.stheadline.com').href,
             };
         });
 
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 return {
                     ...item,
                     description: $('.content-body').html(),
-                    pubDate: parseDate($('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')),
-                    category: $("meta[name='keyword']").attr('content').split(','),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!),
+                    category: $("meta[name='keyword']").attr('content')!.split(','),
                     guid: item.link.slice(0, item.link.lastIndexOf('/')),
                 };
             })
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('head meta[name="title"]').attr('content') || $('head title').text(),
         description: $('meta[name=description]').attr('content'),
         image: 'https://www.sthlstatic.com/sthl/assets/favicon/android-icon-192x192.png',
-        language: 'zh-HK',
+        language: 'zh-HK' as Language,
         link: url,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/stockedge/daily-news.ts b/lib/routes/stockedge/daily-news.ts
index e475a6111a..d6fddcbae9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stockedge/daily-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stockedge/daily-news.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 
@@ -56,6 +56,6 @@ async function handler() {
         description: 'Daily Updates on stockedge.com',
         logo: 'https://web.stockedge.com/assets/icon/favicon.png',
         icon: 'https://web.stockedge.com/assets/img/light/icon.png',
-        language: 'en-us',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/storm/index.ts b/lib/routes/storm/index.ts
index 285c800dc3..2b613b8d47 100644
--- a/lib/routes/storm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/storm/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -53,18 +53,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.link_title')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.description = content('#CMS_wrapper').html();
                 item.author = content('meta[property="dable:author"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[itemprop="datePublished"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[itemprop="datePublished"]').attr('content')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/storyfm/episodes.tsx b/lib/routes/storyfm/episodes.tsx
index 9bf52cbad7..6bba4f2959 100644
--- a/lib/routes/storyfm/episodes.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/storyfm/episodes.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,24 +44,24 @@ async function handler() {
 
     let items = $('.e-ep')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h2.e-ep__title a');
+            const a = $item.find('h2.e-ep__title a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.whitespace-nowrap').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.whitespace-nowrap').text()),
                 enclosure_type: 'audio/mpeg',
-                enclosure_url: item.find('audio source').attr('src'),
-                itunes_item_image: item.find('.zoom-image-container-progression img').attr('src'),
+                enclosure_url: $item.find('audio source').attr('src'),
+                itunes_item_image: $item.find('.zoom-image-container-progression img').attr('src'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/storyfm/index.ts b/lib/routes/storyfm/index.ts
index 134ff21b28..8008a8af8a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/storyfm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/storyfm/index.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler() {
             const $item = load(ele);
             const img = $item('.isotope-img-container img').attr('src');
             const infoNode = $item('.isotope-index-text').first();
-            const title = infoNode.find('.soundbyte-podcast-progression-title');
+            const title = infoNode.find('.soundbyte-podcast-progression-title').text();
             const link = infoNode.find('a.soundbyte-podcast-play-progression').attr('href');
             const time = infoNode.find('.fa-clock-o').text();
             const date = infoNode.find('.soundbyte-podcast-date-progression').text();
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 .map((value) => {
                     if (value.includes('月')) {
                         const enMongth = cnMonth.findIndex((cnMonthStr) => value.includes(cnMonthStr));
-                        value = enMongth + 1;
+                        value = String(enMongth + 1);
                     }
                     return value;
                 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/stream-capital/search.ts b/lib/routes/stream-capital/search.ts
index f88af15531..09f738ff64 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stream-capital/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stream-capital/search.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@ async function handler() {
         ),
     });
 
-    const list = (JSON.parse(decrypt(response.data)).list as WebBlog[]).map((item) => ({
+    const list = (JSON.parse(decrypt(response.data)).list as WebBlog[]).map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
         title: item.title,
         author: item.userName,
         pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.ctime, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8),
         link: `${baseUrl}/article/${item.id}`,
         description: item.content,
         category: item.tags.map((t) => t.tagName),
-        id: item.id,
+        id: String(item.id),
     }));
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title: '最新 - 远川研究所',
         link: `${baseUrl}/search`,
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/studygolang/utils.ts b/lib/routes/studygolang/utils.ts
index 2bea87ca55..eec59bdcea 100644
--- a/lib/routes/studygolang/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/studygolang/utils.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ const md = MarkdownIt({
     linkify: true,
 });
 
-const FetchGoItems = async (ctx, rewriteId) => {
+const FetchGoItems = async (ctx, rewriteId?) => {
     const id = rewriteId || (ctx.req.param('id') ?? 'weekly');
     const limit = ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50;
 
@@ -28,16 +29,16 @@ const FetchGoItems = async (ctx, rewriteId) => {
     let items = $('.right-info .title')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const a = $item.find('a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: `${rootUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                author: item.next().find('.author').text(),
-                category: item
+                author: $item.next().find('.author').text(),
+                category: $item
                     .next()
                     .find('.node')
                     .toArray()
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ const FetchGoItems = async (ctx, rewriteId) => {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -55,10 +56,10 @@ const FetchGoItems = async (ctx, rewriteId) => {
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.timeago').first().attr('title')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.timeago').first().attr('title')!), 8);
 
                 try {
-                    item.description = md.render(content('.content').html());
+                    item.description = md.render(content('.content').html() ?? '');
                 } catch {
                     // no-empty
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/subhd/index.ts b/lib/routes/subhd/index.ts
index a6706d2d06..91f917ba93 100644
--- a/lib/routes/subhd/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/subhd/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -51,23 +51,23 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.link-dark')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const pubDate = item.parent().parent().find('.align-text-top').last().text();
+            const pubDate = $item.parent().parent().find('.align-text-top').last().text();
             const today = `${new Date().getFullYear()}-${new Date().getMonth()}-${new Date().getDate()}`;
 
             return {
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                author: item.parent().parent().find('.text-dark').last().text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                author: $item.parent().parent().find('.text-dark').last().text(),
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(pubDate.includes('-') ? pubDate : `${today} ${pubDate}`), 8),
-                title: `${item.parent().parent().find('.align-middle').text()} ${item.text().replace(/ - SubHD/, '')}`,
+                title: `${$item.parent().parent().find('.align-middle').text()} ${$item.text().replace(/ - SubHD/, '')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                 content('.rounded-circle').remove();
                 content('.view-text').last().remove();
 
-                item.description = content('.view-text').html() + content('.bg-white').first().html();
+                item.description = content('.view-text').html()! + content('.bg-white').first().html()!;
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/supchina/index.ts b/lib/routes/supchina/index.ts
index 2bcc155f0c..259a5904dc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/supchina/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/supchina/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,33 +35,33 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('item')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                guid: item.find('guid').text(),
-                title: item.find('title').text(),
-                link: item.find('guid').text(),
-                author: item
+                guid: $item.find('guid').text(),
+                title: $item.find('title').text(),
+                link: $item.find('guid').text(),
+                author: $item
                     .find(String.raw`dc\:creator`)
-                    .html()
-                    .match(/CDATA\[(.*?)\]/)[1],
-                category: item
+                    .html()!
+                    .match(/CDATA\[(.*?)\]/)![1],
+                category: $item
                     .find('category')
                     .toArray()
                     .map(
                         (c) =>
                             $(c)
-                                .html()
-                                .match(/CDATA\[(.*?)\]/)[1]
+                                .html()!
+                                .match(/CDATA\[(.*?)\]/)![1]
                     ),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('pubDate').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('pubDate').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/supchina/podcasts.ts b/lib/routes/supchina/podcasts.ts
index 106d0c842a..734e909e29 100644
--- a/lib/routes/supchina/podcasts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/supchina/podcasts.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,18 +43,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('item')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: item.find('guid').text(),
-                author: item.find(String.raw`itunes\:author`).text(),
+                link: $item.find('guid').text(),
+                author: $item.find(String.raw`itunes\:author`).text(),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/surfshark/blog.ts b/lib/routes/surfshark/blog.ts
index 16bb195253..fdb4d70458 100644
--- a/lib/routes/surfshark/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/surfshark/blog.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.dg-article-single-card')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('div.dg-article-content__info a[title]');
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: parseDate(upDatedStr),
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link, {
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!, {
                     headers,
                 });
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                               },
                           ]
                         : undefined,
-                    description: $$('div.dg-blog-post-blocks').html(),
+                    description: $$('div.dg-blog-post-blocks').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content');
                 const authorEls: Element[] = $$('div.dg-blog-post-author-top').toArray();
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/sustainabilitymag/articles.ts b/lib/routes/sustainabilitymag/articles.ts
index 7ae54d7c09..01eb71fda3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sustainabilitymag/articles.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sustainabilitymag/articles.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import oftech from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ const render = (widgets) =>
 async function handler() {
     const baseURL = 'https://sustainabilitymag.com';
     const feedURL = `${baseURL}/articles`;
-    const feedLang = 'en';
+    const feedLang = 'en' as Language;
     const feedDescription = 'Sustainability Magazine Articles';
 
     const requestEndpoint = `${baseURL}/graphql`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/sustech/bidding.ts b/lib/routes/sustech/bidding.ts
index da4f8874ad..3ad4acec06 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sustech/bidding.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sustech/bidding.ts
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const itemPubdate = item.find('li > span').text();
-                const a = item.find('li > a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const itemPubdate = $item.find('li > span').text();
+                const a = $item.find('li > a');
                 return {
                     pubDate: parseDate(itemPubdate, 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                     title: a.text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/sustech/newshub-zh.ts b/lib/routes/sustech/newshub-zh.ts
index 0bcaa05d32..8df94612ea 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sustech/newshub-zh.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sustech/newshub-zh.ts
@@ -48,17 +48,17 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const itemPicUrl = item
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const itemPicUrl = $item
                     .find('.u-pic div')
-                    .attr('style')
-                    .match(/url\('(.+?)'\)/)[1];
-                const itemPubdate = item.find('.mobi').text();
+                    .attr('style')!
+                    .match(/url\('(.+?)'\)/)![1];
+                const itemPubdate = $item.find('.mobi').text();
                 return {
                     pubDate: parseDate(itemPubdate, 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
-                    title: item.find('.f-clamp').text(),
-                    description: `<img src="${baseUrl}${itemPicUrl}"><br>${item.find('.f-clamp4').text()}`,
-                    link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                    title: $item.find('.f-clamp').text(),
+                    description: `<img src="${baseUrl}${itemPicUrl}"><br>${$item.find('.f-clamp4').text()}`,
+                    link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/swissinfo/index.ts b/lib/routes/swissinfo/index.ts
index f4935f3bf1..d86d7aaecb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/swissinfo/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/swissinfo/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,19 +54,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.si-teaser__link')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                title: item.find('.si-teaser__title').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.si-teaser__date').attr('datetime')),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('.si-teaser__title').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.si-teaser__date').attr('datetime')!),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/swjtu/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/swjtu/jwc.ts
index 0e08885bd8..f1603f1c44 100644
--- a/lib/routes/swjtu/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/swjtu/jwc.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ const getItem = (item, cache) => {
                 description: newsText,
             };
         } catch (error) {
-            if (error.response && error.response.status === 404) {
+            const err = error as { response?: { status: number } };
+            if (err.response && err.response.status === 404) {
                 return {
                     title: newsTitle,
                     pubDate: parseDate(String(newsTime)),
diff --git a/lib/routes/swjtu/sports.ts b/lib/routes/swjtu/sports.ts
index c3967bc62e..9bc2608ea5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/swjtu/sports.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/swjtu/sports.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ const getItem = (item, cache) => {
             $('div.info span:nth-of-type(3)')
                 .text()
                 .slice(3)
-                .match(/\d{4}(.)\d{1,2}\1\d{1,2}/)?.[0]
+                .match(/\d{4}(.)\d{1,2}\1\d{1,2}/)![0]
         );
         const description = $('div.detail-wrap').html();
         return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/swjtu/xg.ts b/lib/routes/swjtu/xg.ts
index 9fe3fcecdd..f0b6d2e094 100644
--- a/lib/routes/swjtu/xg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/swjtu/xg.ts
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ const getItem = (item, cache) => {
                 description: newsText,
             };
         } catch (error) {
-            if (error.response && error.response.status === 404) {
+            if ((error as { response?: { status: number } }).response?.status === 404) {
                 return {
                     title: newsTitle,
                     pubDate: parseDate(String(newsTime)),
diff --git a/lib/routes/swpu/bgw.ts b/lib/routes/swpu/bgw.ts
index 1939055c9f..53a19ebe20 100644
--- a/lib/routes/swpu/bgw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/swpu/bgw.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
         title: `西南石油大学办公网 ${title}`,
         link: url,
         description: `西南石油大学办公网 ${title} 列表`,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: out,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/swpu/cjxy.ts b/lib/routes/swpu/cjxy.ts
index ead52550c9..cfb58c8267 100644
--- a/lib/routes/swpu/cjxy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/swpu/cjxy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,15 +45,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = $('.main_conRCb > ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((elem) => ({
-            title: $('a[href]', elem).text().trim(),
-            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('span', elem).text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日'), 8),
-            link: `https://www.swpu.edu.cn/nccjxy/${$('a[href]', elem).attr('href').split('../', 2)[1]}`,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (elem): DataItem => ({
+                title: $('a[href]', elem).text().trim(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('span', elem).text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日'), 8),
+                link: `https://www.swpu.edu.cn/nccjxy/${$('a[href]', elem).attr('href')!.split('../', 2)[1]}`,
+            })
+        );
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const res = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(res.data);
                 if ($('title').text().startsWith('系统提示')) {
@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `西南石油大学财经学院 ${title}`,
         link: url,
         description: `西南石油大学财经学院 ${title}`,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: out,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/swpu/dean.ts b/lib/routes/swpu/dean.ts
index af8e3860f4..ad0a296575 100644
--- a/lib/routes/swpu/dean.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/swpu/dean.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
         title: `西南石油大学教务处 ${title}`,
         link: url,
         description: `西南石油大学教务处 ${title}`,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: out,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/swpu/dxy.ts b/lib/routes/swpu/dxy.ts
index c8a8f4fa67..69b8bcdbc3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/swpu/dxy.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/swpu/dxy.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
         title: `西南石油大学电气信息学院 ${title}`,
         link: url,
         description: `西南石油大学电气信息学院 ${title}`,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: out,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/swpu/is.ts b/lib/routes/swpu/is.ts
index 977a480c4e..b6fbef9c83 100644
--- a/lib/routes/swpu/is.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/swpu/is.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,15 +45,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = $('tr[height="20"]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((elem) => ({
-            title: $('a[title]', elem).text().trim(),
-            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('td:eq(1)', elem).text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日'), 8),
-            link: `https://www.swpu.edu.cn/is/${$('a[href]', elem).attr('href').split('../', 2)[1]}`,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (elem): DataItem => ({
+                title: $('a[title]', elem).text().trim(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('td:eq(1)', elem).text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日'), 8),
+                link: `https://www.swpu.edu.cn/is/${$('a[href]', elem).attr('href')!.split('../', 2)[1]}`,
+            })
+        );
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const res = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(res.data);
                 if ($('title').text().startsWith('系统提示')) {
@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `西南石油大学信息学院 ${title}`,
         link: url,
         description: `西南石油大学信息学院 ${title}`,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: out,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/swpu/scs.ts b/lib/routes/swpu/scs.ts
index 8f223a6411..ab1107b913 100644
--- a/lib/routes/swpu/scs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/swpu/scs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
         title: `西南石油大学计算机与软件学院 ${title}`,
         link: url,
         description: `西南石油大学计算机与软件学院 ${title}`,
-        language: 'zh-CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: out,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/syosetu/ranking-isekai.ts b/lib/routes/syosetu/ranking-isekai.ts
index ed37bc9a34..0b83475de8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/syosetu/ranking-isekai.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/syosetu/ranking-isekai.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import type { SearchParams } from 'narou';
 import { BigGenre, NarouNovelFetch, SearchBuilder } from 'narou';
-import type { Join } from 'narou/util/type';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
 import type { Data, DataItem } from '@/types';
@@ -8,6 +7,8 @@ import type { Data, DataItem } from '@/types';
 import { renderDescription } from './templates/description';
 import { IsekaiCategory, isekaiCategoryToJapanese, NovelType, novelTypeToJapanese, periodToJapanese, periodToOrder, periodToPointField, RankingPeriod } from './types/ranking';
 
+type Join<T extends string | number> = `${T}-${T}` | `${T}`;
+
 export function parseIsekaiRankingType(type: string): { period: RankingPeriod; category: IsekaiCategory; novelType: NovelType } {
     const [periodStr, categoryStr, novelTypeStr = NovelType.TOTAL] = type.split('_', 3);
 
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ function getIsekaiSearchParams(period, category, novelType, limit): SearchParams
             searchParams.biggenre = BigGenre.Fantasy;
             break;
         case IsekaiCategory.OTHER:
-            searchParams.biggenre = `${BigGenre.Bungei}-${BigGenre.Sf}-${BigGenre.Sonota}` as Join<BigGenre>;
+            searchParams.biggenre = `${BigGenre.Bungei}-${BigGenre.Sf}-${BigGenre.Sonota}` as unknown as Join<BigGenre>;
             break;
         default:
             throw new InvalidParameterError(`Invalid Isekai category: ${category}`);
diff --git a/lib/routes/syosetu/search.ts b/lib/routes/syosetu/search.ts
index 30d43cb774..42ae31f45a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/syosetu/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/syosetu/search.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import type { Genre, NovelTypeParam, Order, SearchParams } from 'narou';
 import { GenreNotation, NarouNovelFetch, R18Site, SearchBuilder, SearchBuilderR18 } from 'narou';
-import type { Join } from 'narou/util/type';
 import queryString from 'query-string';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
@@ -11,6 +10,8 @@ import { renderDescription } from './templates/description';
 import type { NarouSearchParams } from './types/search';
 import { SyosetuSub, syosetuSubToJapanese } from './types/search';
 
+type Join<T extends string | number> = `${T}-${T}` | `${T}`;
+
 export const route: Route = {
     path: '/search/:sub/:query',
     categories: ['reading'],
diff --git a/lib/routes/sysu/cse.ts b/lib/routes/sysu/cse.ts
index f2fb55f4f0..6f12b480ab 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sysu/cse.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sysu/cse.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ async function handler() {
         };
     }
 
-    const item_data = [];
+    const item_data: any[] = [];
     for (const element of block_index) {
         const block_news = $('#block-views-homepage-block-' + element.index + '> div > div.view-content > div > ul > li > a');
         for (const block_new of block_news) {
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ async function handler() {
         title: '中山大学 - 数据科学与计算机学院',
         link: 'http://cse.sysu.edu.cn',
         description: '中山大学 - 数据科学与计算机学院',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: item_data,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/sysu/ygafz.ts b/lib/routes/sysu/ygafz.ts
index 6e6c214ef0..1e15120a09 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sysu/ygafz.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sysu/ygafz.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,24 +45,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.list-content a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('p').text(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.date').text()), // 2023-03-22
+                title: $item.find('p').text(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date').text()), // 2023-03-22
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const data = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const data = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(data);
 
                 item.author = $('.article-submit')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/发布人：(.*)/)[1];
+                    .match(/发布人：(.*)/)![1];
                 item.description = $('div[data-block-plugin-id="entity_field:node:body"]').html() + ($('div[data-block-plugin-id="entity_field:node:attachments"]').html() ?? '');
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/szftedu/dongtai.ts b/lib/routes/szftedu/dongtai.ts
index 75fc1c7696..a02f849558 100644
--- a/lib/routes/szftedu/dongtai.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/szftedu/dongtai.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,20 +34,22 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const lists = $('div.pagenews04 div ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((el) => ({
-            title: $('a', el).text(),
-            link: $('a', el).attr('href'),
-            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('span[class=canedit]', el).text()), 8),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (el): DataItem => ({
+                title: $('a', el).text(),
+                link: $('a', el).attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('span[class=canedit]', el).text()), 8),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         lists.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const thisUrl = item.link;
-                const trueLink = thisUrl.includes('http') ? thisUrl : baseLink + thisUrl;
+                const trueLink = thisUrl!.includes('http') ? thisUrl : baseLink + thisUrl;
                 const response = await got(trueLink);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
-                item.description = thisUrl.includes('http') ? $('#page-content').html() : $('div.TRS_Editor').html();
+                item.description = thisUrl!.includes('http') ? $('#page-content').html() : $('div.TRS_Editor').html();
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('#publish_time').first().text()), 8);
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/szftedu/gonggao.ts b/lib/routes/szftedu/gonggao.ts
index 3c15638add..f319a6be94 100644
--- a/lib/routes/szftedu/gonggao.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/szftedu/gonggao.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,20 +34,22 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const lists = $('div.pagenews04 div ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((el) => ({
-            title: $('a', el).text(),
-            link: $('a', el).attr('href'),
-            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('span[class=canedit]', el).text()), 8),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (el): DataItem => ({
+                title: $('a', el).text(),
+                link: $('a', el).attr('href'),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($('span[class=canedit]', el).text()), 8),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         lists.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const thisUrl = item.link;
-                const trueLink = thisUrl.includes('http') ? thisUrl : host + thisUrl.slice(1);
+                const trueLink = thisUrl!.includes('http') ? thisUrl : host + thisUrl!.slice(1);
                 const response = await got(trueLink);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
-                item.description = thisUrl.includes('http') ? $('#page-content').html() : $('div.TRS_Editor').html();
+                item.description = thisUrl!.includes('http') ? $('#page-content').html() : $('div.TRS_Editor').html();
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('.item').first().text().replace('发布时间：', '')), 8);
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/szse/disclosure/listed-notice.ts b/lib/routes/szse/disclosure/listed-notice.ts
index c615e478f9..0ca5163a5c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/szse/disclosure/listed-notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/szse/disclosure/listed-notice.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 guid,
                 id: guid,
                 updated: updated ? timezone(parseDate(updated), 8) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             const enclosureUrl: string | undefined = new URL(`download${item.attachPath}`, staticBaseUrl).href;
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('a.navbar-brand img').attr('src'),
         author: $('meta[name="author"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/szse/notice.ts b/lib/routes/szse/notice.ts
index f3d49cf3b2..e05a612af5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/szse/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/szse/notice.ts
@@ -56,11 +56,11 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('.article-list .newslist li')
         .toArray()
         .map((element) => {
-            element = $(element);
+            const $element = $(element);
             const info = {
-                title: getData(element.find('script').text(), 'title'),
-                link: new URL(getData(element.find('script').text(), 'url'), link).href,
-                date: element.find('span.time').text().trim(), // trim移除多余的空格
+                title: getData($element.find('script').text(), 'title'),
+                link: new URL(getData($element.find('script').text(), 'url'), link).href,
+                date: $element.find('span.time').text().trim(), // trim移除多余的空格
             };
             return info;
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/szse/projectdynamic.tsx b/lib/routes/szse/projectdynamic.tsx
index f8efc94ff1..6306627da7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/szse/projectdynamic.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/szse/projectdynamic.tsx
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ const renderDescription = (data, current): string =>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                         <td class="title">最近一期审计基准日</td>
-                        <td class="info" colspan="3">
+                        <td class="info" colspan={3}>
                             {data.lastestAuditEndDate}
                         </td>
                     </tr>
diff --git a/lib/routes/szse/rule.ts b/lib/routes/szse/rule.ts
index fb50c8dfca..51595ddef2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/szse/rule.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/szse/rule.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: $('meta[name="author"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/szu/yz/index.ts b/lib/routes/szu/yz/index.ts
index 815d6e56d8..437d7e912f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/szu/yz/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/szu/yz/index.ts
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const result = await util.ProcessFeed(list, cache, struct[type]);
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link: url,
         description: name,
         item: result,
diff --git a/lib/routes/szu/yz/utils.ts b/lib/routes/szu/yz/utils.ts
index 620e4513dc..0dca0e3845 100644
--- a/lib/routes/szu/yz/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/szu/yz/utils.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (list, cache, current) =>
             })
             .map((item) => {
                 let $ = load(item, null, false);
-                const $url = new URL($('a').attr('href'), current.url).href;
+                const $url = new URL($('a').attr('href')!, current.url).href;
                 return cache.tryGet($url, async () => {
                     // 加载新闻内容页面
                     const response = await got($url);
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (list, cache, current) =>
 
                     const single = {
                         title,
-                        description: $(current.selector.content).html() + ($('ul[style]').length ? $('ul[style]').html() : ''),
+                        description: $(current.selector.content).html()! + ($('ul[style]').length ? $('ul[style]').html() : '')!,
                         link: $url,
                         pubDate: dateMatch ? timezone(parseDate(dateMatch[0], 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8) : undefined, // 混有发表时间和点击量，取出时间
                         author: '深圳大学研究生招生网',
diff --git a/lib/routes/t66y/index.ts b/lib/routes/t66y/index.ts
index aa508c4b2f..cd1d6ca77b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/t66y/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/t66y/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#ajaxtable > tbody:nth-child(2) .tr3')
         .not('.tr2.tac')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const element = $(item);
 
             const tal = element.find('.tal');
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
 
                 item.description = parseContent(response);
diff --git a/lib/routes/t66y/post.ts b/lib/routes/t66y/post.ts
index 7c7416e2ab..a6a729e21b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/t66y/post.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/t66y/post.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ function parseItems(tid: string, $: CheerioAPI) {
             const pid = footer.find('.tipad a[title]').attr('id')?.slice(2);
 
             return {
-                title: content?.split('<br>', 1)[0],
+                title: content?.split('<br>', 1)[0]!,
                 description: content,
                 author: $item
                     .find('b')
diff --git a/lib/routes/taiwannews/hot.ts b/lib/routes/taiwannews/hot.ts
index 8e70262d82..4fb070bc5e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/taiwannews/hot.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/taiwannews/hot.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,27 +39,27 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.mod_group-columns  .container-fluid .row')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('.entry-header a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('.entry-header a').first();
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.entry-date span').eq(1).text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm'), 8),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.entry-date span').eq(1).text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm'), 8),
             };
         })
         .filter((item) => item.title);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
                 item.author = $('.article-author').text();
                 item.category = $('.tagcloud a')
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((a) => $(a).attr('title'));
+                    .map((a) => $(a).attr('title')!);
 
                 $('.article-head-wrapper, div[id^=div-gpt-ad-], div[class^=hidden-], footer').remove();
                 $('.container-fluid').eq(2).remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/tangshufang/index.ts b/lib/routes/tangshufang/index.ts
index d5b39509fc..8b811b28ed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tangshufang/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tangshufang/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -56,21 +56,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('article')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('h2 a');
+            const a = $item.find('h2 a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('time').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('time').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/taobao/mysql.ts b/lib/routes/taobao/mysql.ts
index 08e8cadd2e..79db1d8503 100644
--- a/lib/routes/taobao/mysql.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/taobao/mysql.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
 
     let count = 0;
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = await Promise.all(
+    const monthlyItems = await Promise.all(
         $('h3 a.main')
             .toArray()
-            .map(async (monthlyEl): Promise<Element[] | undefined> => {
+            .map(async (monthlyEl): Promise<DataItem[] | undefined> => {
                 const $monthlyEl: Cheerio<Element> = $(monthlyEl);
 
                 const monthlyUrl: string | undefined = $monthlyEl.attr('href') ? new URL($monthlyEl.attr('href') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined;
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
 
                 return $$('h3 a.main')
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((el): Element => {
+                    .map((el) => {
                         if (count < limit) {
                             const $$el: Cheerio<Element> = $$(el);
 
@@ -53,20 +53,19 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? parseDate(pubDateStr) : undefined,
                                 link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, baseUrl).href : undefined,
                                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                                language,
+                                language: language as Language,
                             };
                             count++;
                             return processedItem;
                         }
-                        return undefined;
+                        return;
                     })
-                    .filter(Boolean);
+                    .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[];
             })
     );
 
-    items = await Promise.all(
-        items
-            .filter(Boolean)
+    const items: DataItem[] = await Promise.all(
+        (monthlyItems.filter(Boolean) as DataItem[][])
             .flat()
             .slice(0, limit)
             .map((item) => {
@@ -75,12 +74,12 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('h2').first().text()?.trim() || item.title;
                     const description = $$('div.content').html();
-                    const pubDateStr: string | undefined = item.link.split(/monthly\//).pop();
+                    const pubDateStr: string | undefined = item.link!.split(/monthly\//).pop();
                     const authorEls: Element[] = $$('div.block p').toArray();
                     const authors: DataItem['author'] = authorEls.map((authorEl) => {
                         const $$authorEl: Cheerio<Element> = $$(authorEl);
@@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -123,7 +122,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         author: title,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/taoguba/blog.ts b/lib/routes/taoguba/blog.ts
index b0c1ad5ff8..62e95a8fd4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/taoguba/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/taoguba/blog.ts
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 50)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
 
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/taoguba/index.ts b/lib/routes/taoguba/index.ts
index f8d114f5b5..cf7e853e05 100644
--- a/lib/routes/taoguba/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/taoguba/index.ts
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 70)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('.middle-list-tittle a');
+            const a = $item.find('.middle-list-tittle a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
                 link: `${rootUrl}/${a.attr('href')}`,
-                author: item.find('.middle-list-user a').text().trim(),
+                author: $item.find('.middle-list-user a').text().trim(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/taoguba/util.ts b/lib/routes/taoguba/util.ts
index f08131d9bd..dbc7792641 100644
--- a/lib/routes/taoguba/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/taoguba/util.ts
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ const renderPostDetail = async (item) =>
             parseDate(
                 content('.article-data > span:nth-child(2)')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}/)[0]
+                    .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}/)![0]
             ),
             8
         );
diff --git a/lib/routes/taptap/types.ts b/lib/routes/taptap/types.ts
index d8f35e3c4e..863b282c57 100644
--- a/lib/routes/taptap/types.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/taptap/types.ts
@@ -273,6 +273,11 @@ interface App {
     stat_key: string;
     include_app_product_type_complete: boolean;
     is_console_game: boolean;
+    developers?: Developer[];
+}
+
+interface Developer {
+    name: string;
 }
 
 interface Price {
diff --git a/lib/routes/tass/news.ts b/lib/routes/tass/news.ts
index 4292980223..844301269a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tass/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tass/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(categoryPage);
 
     const sectionId = $('.container .section-page')
-        .attr('ng-init')
+        .attr('ng-init')!
         .match(/sectionId\s*=\s*(\d+);/);
 
     const { data: response } = await got.post('https://tass.com/userApi/categoryNewsList', {
         json: {
-            sectionId: sectionId[1],
+            sectionId: sectionId![1],
             limit: 20,
             type: 'all',
         },
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         image: $('head meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         icon: $('head link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').attr('href'),
         logo: $('head link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').attr('href'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/tctmd/conference-news.ts b/lib/routes/tctmd/conference-news.ts
index 32493fc082..be39d00536 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tctmd/conference-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tctmd/conference-news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = $('.views-row article.news-teaser')
         .toArray()
-        .map((el) => {
+        .map((el): DataItem | null => {
             const $el = $(el);
             const $link = $el.find('h2.algolia-search--title a');
             const href = $link.attr('href');
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ async function handler() {
                 image: $el.find('.field--name-field-teaser-image img').attr('src'),
             };
         })
-        .filter(Boolean);
+        .filter((item) => item !== null);
 
     const fullItems = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -102,6 +102,6 @@ async function handler() {
         description: 'Latest conference news coverage from TCTMD, the leading source for interventional cardiology news',
         link: `${rootUrl}/news/conference-news`,
         image: 'https://www.tctmd.com/themes/tctmd/logo.svg',
-        item: fullItems,
+        item: fullItems as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/techpowerup/index.ts b/lib/routes/techpowerup/index.ts
index b7f24bf136..7de6d8249d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/techpowerup/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/techpowerup/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.newspost')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { category: string[]; link: string } => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const a = $item.find('h1 a');
             const date = $item.find('time').attr('datetime');
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title: 'TechPowerUp',
         link: baseUrl,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         image: 'https://tpucdn.com/apple-touch-icon-v1684568903519.png',
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/techpowerup/review.ts b/lib/routes/techpowerup/review.ts
index 150a926f1b..7b38a065ab 100644
--- a/lib/routes/techpowerup/review.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/techpowerup/review.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: baseUrl + a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date time').attr('datetime')), // 2023-05-21T16:05:14+00:00
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date time').attr('datetime')!), // 2023-05-21T16:05:14+00:00
                 author: $item
                     .find('.author')
                     .contents()
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: 'Reviews | TechPowerUp',
         link: url.href,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         image: 'https://tpucdn.com/apple-touch-icon-v1684568903519.png',
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/techsir/index.ts b/lib/routes/techsir/index.ts
index a479a9f8d3..94cff13333 100644
--- a/lib/routes/techsir/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/techsir/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ async function handler() {
         '#kt_wrapper > div.main-content-area > div.container.container-fluid > div:nth-child(1) > div.col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-8.post-listing > div.row.flex-row-fluid > div:nth-child(2) > div > div > div.card-body.pt-2 > div.d-flex'
     );
 
-    const list = alist.toArray().map((item) => {
+    const list = alist.toArray().map((item): DataItem => {
         const $item = $(item);
 
         const path = $item.find('a').attr('href');
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/telecompaper/news.ts b/lib/routes/telecompaper/news.ts
index 0b4f1103e0..8f2102d2b5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/telecompaper/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/telecompaper/news.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { CookieJar } from 'tough-cookie';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -102,19 +102,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('table.details_rows tbody tr')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: new Date(item.find('span.source').text().replace('Published ', '').split(' CET | ', 1)[0] + ' GMT+1').toUTCString(),
+                pubDate: new Date($item.find('span.source').text().replace('Published ', '').split(' CET | ', 1)[0] + ' GMT+1').toUTCString(),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/telecompaper/search.ts b/lib/routes/telecompaper/search.ts
index c76399df91..b9d1019036 100644
--- a/lib/routes/telecompaper/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/telecompaper/search.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -74,19 +74,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('table.details_rows tbody tr')
         .slice(0, 15)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: new Date(item.find('span.source').text().split(' | ', 1)[0] + ' GMT+1').toUTCString(),
+                pubDate: new Date($item.find('span.source').text().split(' | ', 1)[0] + ' GMT+1').toUTCString(),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/telegram/blog.ts b/lib/routes/telegram/blog.ts
index 2595013301..d4db0bc01a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/telegram/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/telegram/blog.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     return {
                         title: $('#dev_page_title').text(),
                         link,
-                        pubDate: parseDate($('[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')),
+                        pubDate: parseDate($('[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!),
                         description: $('#dev_page_content_wrap').html(),
                     };
                 });
diff --git a/lib/routes/telegram/channel-media.ts b/lib/routes/telegram/channel-media.ts
index d165e54d8d..91f028aaaa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/telegram/channel-media.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/telegram/channel-media.ts
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ Serves telegram media like pictures, video or files.
 export async function handleMedia(media: Api.TypeMessageMedia, client: TelegramClient, ctx: Context) {
     if (media instanceof Api.MessageMediaPhoto) {
         const buf = await client.downloadMedia(media);
-        return new Response(buf, { headers: { 'Content-Type': 'image/jpeg' } });
+        return new Response(buf as BodyInit, { headers: { 'Content-Type': 'image/jpeg' } });
     }
 
     const doc = getDocument(media);
diff --git a/lib/routes/telegram/channel.ts b/lib/routes/telegram/channel.ts
index c387f3c7b3..14ff11ffd0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/telegram/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/telegram/channel.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { FetchError } from 'ofetch';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -251,52 +251,52 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: list
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                let extra = null;
+                const $item = $(item);
+                let extra: { links: Array<{ type: string; url: string | undefined }> } | null = null;
 
                 /* message types */
-                let msgTypes = [];
-                if (item.find('.service_message').length) {
+                let msgTypes: any[] = [];
+                if ($item.find('.service_message').length) {
                     // service message can have an image (avatar changed)
                     msgTypes.push(SERVICE);
                 }
                 // if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_video').length) {  // fail if video too big
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_video_player').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_video_player').length) {
                     // video and gif cannot be mixed, it's safe to do that
-                    msgTypes.push(item.find('.message_video_play').length ? VIDEO : GIF);
+                    msgTypes.push($item.find('.message_video_play').length ? VIDEO : GIF);
                 }
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_photo,.tgme_widget_message_service_photo').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_photo,.tgme_widget_message_service_photo').length) {
                     // video and photo can be mixed
                     msgTypes.push(PHOTO);
                 }
                 // all other types below cannot be mixed
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_poll').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_poll').length) {
                     msgTypes.push(POLL);
                 }
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_voice').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_voice').length) {
                     msgTypes.push(VOICE);
                 }
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_document').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_document').length) {
                     // music and document cannot be mixed, it's safe to do that
-                    msgTypes.push(item.find('.audio').length ? MUSIC : DOCUMENT);
+                    msgTypes.push($item.find('.audio').length ? MUSIC : DOCUMENT);
                 }
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_location').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_location').length) {
                     msgTypes.push(LOCATION);
                 }
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_contact').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_contact').length) {
                     msgTypes.push(CONTACT);
                 }
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_sticker').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_sticker').length) {
                     msgTypes.push(STICKER);
                 }
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_tgsticker').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_tgsticker').length) {
                     msgTypes.push(ANIMATED_STICKER);
                 }
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_videosticker').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_videosticker').length) {
                     msgTypes.push(VIDEO_STICKER);
                 }
-                if (item.find('.message_media_not_supported').length) {
-                    if (item.find('.media_supported_cont').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.message_media_not_supported').length) {
+                    if ($item.find('.media_supported_cont').length) {
                         msgTypes.unshift(PARTIALLY_UNSUPPORTED);
                     } else {
                         if (msgTypes.length === 0 && !includeUnsupportedMsg) {
@@ -306,18 +306,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     }
                 }
                 // all other types above cannot be mixed
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_author .tgme_widget_message_via_bot,.tgme_widget_message_forwarded_from .tgme_widget_message_via_bot').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_author .tgme_widget_message_via_bot,.tgme_widget_message_forwarded_from .tgme_widget_message_via_bot').length) {
                     // can be mixed with other types, excluding service messages
                     msgTypes.unshift(VIA_BOT);
                 }
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_forwarded_from').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_forwarded_from').length) {
                     // can be mixed with other types, excluding service messages and reply messages
                     msgTypes.unshift(FORWARDED);
                     if (!includeFwd) {
                         return null; // drop forwarded message
                     }
                 }
-                if (item.find('.tgme_widget_message_reply').length) {
+                if ($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_reply').length) {
                     // can be mixed with other types, excluding service messages and forwarded messages
                     msgTypes.unshift(REPLY);
                     if (!includeReply) {
@@ -326,20 +326,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
 
                 /* fix emoji */
-                item.find('.emoji').each((_, emoji) => {
-                    emoji = $(emoji);
-                    emoji.replaceWith(`<span class="emoji">${emoji.text()}</span>`);
+                $item.find('.emoji').each((_, emoji) => {
+                    const $emoji = $(emoji);
+                    $emoji.replaceWith(`<span class="emoji">${$emoji.text()}</span>`);
                 });
 
                 /* "Forwarded From" tag */
                 const fwdFrom = () => {
                     let fwdFrom = '';
-                    const fwdFromNameObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_forwarded_from_name');
+                    const fwdFromNameObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_forwarded_from_name');
                     if (fwdFromNameObj.length) {
                         const userLink = fwdFromNameObj.attr('href');
                         const userHtml = userLink ? `<a href="${userLink}">${fwdFromNameObj.text()}</a>` : fwdFromNameObj.text();
                         fwdFrom += `<p>Forwarded From <b>${userHtml}</b>`;
-                        const fwdFromAuthorObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_forwarded_from_author');
+                        const fwdFromAuthorObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_forwarded_from_author');
                         if (fwdFromAuthorObj.length && showFwdFromAuthor) {
                             fwdFrom += ` (${fwdFromAuthorObj.text()})`;
                         }
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 /* reply */
                 const replyContent = () => {
-                    const replyObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_reply');
+                    const replyObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_reply');
                     if (replyObj.length === 0) {
                         return '';
                     }
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     const viaBotObj = replyObj.find('.tgme_widget_message_via_bot');
                     const viaBotText = viaBotObj.length ? ` via <b>${viaBotObj.text()}</b>` : '';
                     const replyLinkHref = replyObj.attr('href');
-                    const replyLink = replyLinkHref.length ? replyLinkHref : '';
+                    const replyLink = replyLinkHref!.length ? replyLinkHref : '';
                     const replyMetaTextObj = replyObj.find('.tgme_widget_message_metatext');
                     const replyMetaText = replyMetaTextObj.length ? `<p><small>${replyMetaTextObj.html()}</small></p>` : '';
                     const replyTextObj = replyObj.find('.tgme_widget_message_text');
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 /* via bot */
                 const viaBot = () => {
-                    const viaBotObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_author .tgme_widget_message_via_bot,.tgme_widget_message_forwarded_from .tgme_widget_message_via_bot');
+                    const viaBotObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_author .tgme_widget_message_via_bot,.tgme_widget_message_forwarded_from .tgme_widget_message_via_bot');
                     if (viaBotObj.length) {
                         const userLink = viaBotObj.attr('href');
                         const userHtml = userLink ? `<a href="${userLink}">${viaBotObj.text()}</a>` : viaBotObj.text();
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 /* images and videos */
                 const generateMedia = (selector) => {
-                    const nodes = item.find(selector);
+                    const nodes = $item.find(selector);
                     if (!nodes.length) {
                         return '';
                     }
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                             const thumbBackgroundUrlSrc = thumbBackgroundUrl && thumbBackgroundUrl[1];
                             tag_media += renderVideo({
                                 source: videoLink,
-                                poster: thumbBackgroundUrlSrc,
+                                poster: thumbBackgroundUrlSrc ?? undefined,
                             });
                         } else if ($node.attr('data-webp')) {
                             // sticker
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 /* location */
                 const location = () => {
-                    const locationObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_location_wrap');
+                    const locationObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_location_wrap');
                     if (locationObj.length) {
                         const locationLink = locationObj.attr('href');
                         const mapBackground = locationObj.find('.tgme_widget_message_location').css('background-image');
@@ -534,8 +534,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 };
 
                 /* voice */
-                const voiceObj = item.find('audio.tgme_widget_message_voice');
-                const durationObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_voice_duration');
+                const voiceObj = $item.find('audio.tgme_widget_message_voice');
+                const durationObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_voice_duration');
                 const durationInMmss = durationObj.text();
                 const voiceUrl = voiceObj.length ? voiceObj.attr('src') : '';
                 let voiceTitle = '';
@@ -566,11 +566,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 /* link preview */
                 const linkPreview = () => {
-                    const linkPreviewSiteObj = item.find('.link_preview_site_name');
+                    const linkPreviewSiteObj = $item.find('.link_preview_site_name');
                     const linkPreviewSite = linkPreviewSiteObj.length ? `<b>${linkPreviewSiteObj.text()}</b><br>` : '';
-                    const linkPreviewTitleObj = item.find('.link_preview_title');
-                    const linkPreviewTitle = linkPreviewTitleObj.length ? `<b><a href="${item.find('.tgme_widget_message_link_preview').attr('href')}">${linkPreviewTitleObj.text()}</a></b><br>` : '';
-                    const linkPreviewDescriptionObj = item.find('.link_preview_description');
+                    const linkPreviewTitleObj = $item.find('.link_preview_title');
+                    const linkPreviewTitle = linkPreviewTitleObj.length ? `<b><a href="${$item.find('.tgme_widget_message_link_preview').attr('href')}">${linkPreviewTitleObj.text()}</a></b><br>` : '';
+                    const linkPreviewDescriptionObj = $item.find('.link_preview_description');
                     const linkPreviewDescription = linkPreviewDescriptionObj.length ? `<p>${linkPreviewDescriptionObj.html()}</p>` : '';
                     const linkPreviewImage = generateMedia('.link_preview_image') + generateMedia('.link_preview_right_image');
 
@@ -580,13 +580,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 };
 
                 /* poll */
-                const pollQuestionObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_poll_question');
+                const pollQuestionObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_poll_question');
                 const pollQuestion = pollQuestionObj.length ? pollQuestionObj.text() : '';
                 const poll = () => {
                     let pollHtml = '';
-                    const pollTypeObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_poll_type');
+                    const pollTypeObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_poll_type');
                     const pollType = pollTypeObj.length ? pollTypeObj.text() : '';
-                    const pollOptions = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_poll_option');
+                    const pollOptions = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_poll_option');
                     if (pollQuestion && pollType.length > 0 && pollOptions.length > 0) {
                         pollHtml += `<p><b>${pollQuestion}</b></p>`;
                         pollHtml += `<p><small>${pollType}</small></p>`;
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 };
 
                 /* attachment (document or music) */
-                const documentWrapObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_document_wrap');
+                const documentWrapObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_document_wrap');
                 let attachmentTitle = '';
                 let attachmentHtml = '';
                 if (documentWrapObj.length) {
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         const wrapNext = $wrap.next('.tgme_widget_message_text');
                         if (wrapNext.length) {
                             const captionHtml = wrapNext.html();
-                            if (captionHtml.length) {
+                            if (captionHtml!.length) {
                                 attachmentHtml += `<p>${captionHtml}</p>`;
                             }
                             // remove them, avoid being duplicated
@@ -636,10 +636,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
 
                 /* contact */
-                const contactNameObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_contact_name');
+                const contactNameObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_contact_name');
                 const contactName = contactNameObj.length ? contactNameObj.text() : '';
                 const contactNameHtml = contactName ? `<b>${contactName}</b>` : '';
-                const contactPhoneObj = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_contact_phone');
+                const contactPhoneObj = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_contact_phone');
                 const contactPhone = contactPhoneObj.length ? contactPhoneObj.text() : '';
                 const contactPhoneHtml = contactPhone ? `<a href="tel:${contactPhone.replace(' ', '')}">${contactPhone}</a>` : '';
                 const contactTitle = contactName + (contactName && contactPhone ? ': ' : '') + contactPhone;
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 /* inline buttons */
                 let inlineButtons = '';
-                const inlineButtonNodes = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_inline_button_text');
+                const inlineButtonNodes = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_inline_button_text');
                 if (showInlineButtons && inlineButtonNodes.length) {
                     inlineButtons += '<table style="width: 100%"><tbody><tr>';
                     inlineButtonNodes.each((_, button) => {
@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 /* unsupported */
                 let unsupportedHtml = '';
                 let unsupportedTitle = '';
-                const unsupportedNodes = item.find('.message_media_not_supported');
+                const unsupportedNodes = $item.find('.message_media_not_supported');
                 if (msgTypes.includes(UNSUPPORTED)) {
                     if (unsupportedNodes.length) {
                         unsupportedHtml += '<blockquote>';
@@ -682,7 +682,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
 
                 /* pubDate */
-                const pubDate = parseDate(item.find('.tgme_widget_message_date time').attr('datetime'));
+                const pubDate = parseDate($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_date time').attr('datetime')!);
 
                 /* ----- finished parsing ----- */
 
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
 
                 /* message text & title */
-                const messageTextObj = item.find(`.${msgTypes.includes(PARTIALLY_UNSUPPORTED) ? 'media_supported_cont' : 'tgme_widget_message_bubble'} > .tgme_widget_message_text`);
+                const messageTextObj = $item.find(`.${msgTypes.includes(PARTIALLY_UNSUPPORTED) ? 'media_supported_cont' : 'tgme_widget_message_bubble'} > .tgme_widget_message_text`);
                 let messageHtml = '',
                     messageTitle = '';
 
@@ -751,8 +751,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     title: messageTitle,
                     description,
                     pubDate,
-                    link: item.find('.tgme_widget_message_date').attr('href'),
-                    author: item.find('.tgme_widget_message_from_author').text(),
+                    link: $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_date').attr('href'),
+                    author: $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_from_author').text(),
 
                     enclosure_url: voiceUrl,
                     itunes_duration: voiceDuration(),
@@ -762,6 +762,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 };
             })
             .filter(Boolean)
-            .toReversed(),
+            .toReversed() as unknown as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/telegram/templates/video.tsx b/lib/routes/telegram/templates/video.tsx
index e1b2daccb5..f3b8006de1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/telegram/templates/video.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/telegram/templates/video.tsx
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ type VideoData = {
 export const renderVideo = ({ source, poster }: VideoData): string =>
     renderToString(
         source ? (
-            <video src={source} controls="controls" poster={poster} style="width: 100%"></video>
+            <video src={source} controls poster={poster} style="width: 100%"></video>
         ) : poster ? (
             <blockquote>
                 <b>Video is too big</b>
diff --git a/lib/routes/telegram/tglib/channel.ts b/lib/routes/telegram/tglib/channel.ts
index 339a9209b9..e288bf36c2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/telegram/tglib/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/telegram/tglib/channel.ts
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ export default async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
     let peerCache = await cache.get(`telegram:inputEntity:${username}`);
     if (!peerCache) {
-        const p = await client.getInputEntity(username);
+        const p = await client.getInputEntity(username!);
         peerCache = JSON.stringify(p.toJSON());
         await cache.set(`telegram:inputEntity:${username}`, peerCache);
     }
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ export default async function handler(ctx: Context) {
             }
             // messages that have no text are shown as if they're one post
             // because in TG only 1 attachment per message is possible
-            const src = getMessageMediaUrl(ctx.req.url, username, message.id);
+            const src = getMessageMediaUrl(ctx.req.url, username!, message.id);
             attachments.push(getMediaLink(src, media));
         }
         if (message.replyMarkup instanceof Api.ReplyInlineMarkup) {
@@ -209,7 +209,6 @@ export default async function handler(ctx: Context) {
 
     return {
         title: getDisplayName(entity),
-        language: null,
         link: `https://t.me/${username}`,
         item,
         allowEmpty: ctx.req.param('id') === 'allow_empty',
diff --git a/lib/routes/tencent/news/author.tsx b/lib/routes/tencent/news/author.tsx
index 02c6da3bcf..efb7a7e99d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tencent/news/author.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/tencent/news/author.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Comment } from 'domhandler';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
                 const data = JSON.parse(
                     $('script:contains("window.DATA")')
                         .text()
-                        .match(/window\.DATA = (\{.+\});/)[1]
+                        .match(/window\.DATA = (\{.+\});/)![1]
                 );
                 const $data = load(data.originContent?.text || '', null, false);
                 if ($data) {
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ async function handler(ctx): Promise<Data> {
                         .contents()
                         .filter((_, elem) => elem.type === 'comment')
                         .replaceWith((_, elem) => {
-                            const attribute = elem.data.trim();
+                            const attribute = (elem as Comment).data.trim();
                             const imageData = attribute?.startsWith('IMG') ? data.originAttribute[attribute] : undefined;
 
                             return renderToString(imageData ? <img src={imageData.imgurl0} style={imageData.style} /> : null);
diff --git a/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/data.tsx b/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/data.tsx
index 00b9b65589..24f96f4136 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/data.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/data.tsx
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const city = ctx.req.param('city') || '';
 
     const link = 'https://news.qq.com/zt2020/page/feiyan.htm#/';
-    const item = [];
+    const item: any[] = [];
 
     const diseaseh5Shelf = (await getData(['diseaseh5Shelf']))?.data?.diseaseh5Shelf || {};
     const { lastUpdateTime, areaTree } = diseaseh5Shelf;
     const nationalData = areaTree?.[0];
     const provinceList = nationalData?.children;
 
-    let coronavirusData: Record<string, unknown>;
+    let coronavirusData: Record<string, any>;
     let placeName: string;
 
     if (!province || province === '中国' || province === '全国') {
diff --git a/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/total.tsx b/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/total.tsx
index 8d889c7af0..eb3b49ab8c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/total.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/total.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
 import { getData } from './utils';
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler() {
     const title = '腾讯新闻 - 新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情实时追踪';
     const link = 'https://news.qq.com/zt2020/page/feiyan.htm#/';
-    const item = [];
+    const item: DataItem[] = [];
 
     const chinaTotal = (await getData(['diseaseh5Shelf']))?.data?.diseaseh5Shelf?.chinaTotal || {};
     const { localConfirmH5, localWzzAdd, confirmAdd, localConfirm, nowLocalWzz, highRiskAreaNum, mtime } = chinaTotal;
diff --git a/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/utils.ts b/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/utils.ts
index a3b7e9b3d1..02e2637890 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/utils.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import got from '@/utils/got';
  * @date 2022-12-18
  * @param {string[]} [modules=[]] localCityNCOVDataList,diseaseh5Shelf,nowConfirmStatis,provinceCompare,FAutoforeignList,FAutoCountryConfirmAdd,WomWorld,WomAboard,VaccineTopData
  */
-const getData = async (modules = []) => {
+const getData = async (modules: string[] = []) => {
     const response = await got('https://api.inews.qq.com/newsqa/v1/query/inner/publish/modules/list?modules=' + modules.join(','));
     return response.data;
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/tencent/pvp/newsindex.ts b/lib/routes/tencent/pvp/newsindex.ts
index 9698f30638..8b05d35af6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tencent/pvp/newsindex.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tencent/pvp/newsindex.ts
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = ctx.req.param('type');
-    const OutName = map.get(type).name;
-    const OutId = map.get(type).channelid;
+    const OutName = map.get(type)!.name;
+    const OutId = map.get(type)!.channelid;
 
-    let item = [];
+    let item: any[] = [];
 
     if (type === 'all') {
         const results = await Promise.all(
diff --git a/lib/routes/tencent/qq/sdk/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/tencent/qq/sdk/changelog.ts
index bd4fc26156..6a4b35a6b0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tencent/qq/sdk/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tencent/qq/sdk/changelog.ts
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .children('p')
         .filter((_, element) => $(element).text() !== '');
 
-    const pList = [];
-    const titleIndex = [];
+    const pList: string[] = [];
+    const titleIndex: number[] = [];
 
     // 遍历文本 p 标签，并且获取标题索引
     contents.each((index, element) => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/tesla/cx.ts b/lib/routes/tesla/cx.ts
index fa3bd2afc9..abee86497a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tesla/cx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tesla/cx.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -200,14 +200,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const author = $('title').text();
     const description = `${city ?? ''}${category ?? ''}`;
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${author}权益中心${description ? ` - ${description}` : ''}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description,
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/tesla/templates/description.tsx b/lib/routes/tesla/templates/description.tsx
index 2ca7430c70..4273f09700 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tesla/templates/description.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/tesla/templates/description.tsx
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ type Merchant = {
 };
 
 type DataPayload = {
+    title?: string;
     images?: string[];
     categories?: string[];
     description?: string;
diff --git a/lib/routes/test/index.ts b/lib/routes/test/index.ts
index 37294182c0..39d6722efe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/test/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/test/index.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ let cacheIndex = 0;
 
 export const route: Route = {
     path: '/:id/:params?',
+    example: '/test/1',
     name: 'Test',
     maintainers: ['DIYgod', 'NeverBehave'],
     handler,
@@ -37,8 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         throw new CaptchaError('Test captcha error');
     }
     if (ctx.req.param('id') === 'redirect') {
-        ctx.set('redirect', '/test/1');
-        return;
+        return ctx.set('redirect', '/test/1');
     }
     let item: DataItem[] = [];
     let image: string | null = null;
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 pubDate: new Date('2019-3-1').toUTCString(),
                 link: 'https://github.com/DIYgod/RSSHub/issues/1',
                 author: 'DIYgod0',
-                category: [1, 'CategoryIllegal', true, null, undefined, { type: 'object' }],
+                category: [1, 'CategoryIllegal', true, null, undefined, { type: 'object' }] as unknown as string[],
             });
 
             break;
@@ -97,9 +97,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             break;
 
         case 'cache': {
-            const description = await cache.tryGet('test', () => ({
-                text: `Cache${++cacheIndex}`,
-            }));
+            const description = await cache.tryGet<{ text: string }>('test', () =>
+                Promise.resolve({
+                    text: `Cache${++cacheIndex}`,
+                })
+            );
             item.push({
                 title: 'Cache Title',
                 description: description.text,
@@ -132,13 +134,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             break;
         }
         case 'cacheUrlKey': {
-            const description = await cache.tryGet(
-                new URL('https://rsshub.app'),
-                () => ({
-                    text: `Cache${++cacheIndex}`,
-                }),
-                config.cache.routeExpire * 2
-            );
+            const description = await cache.tryGet<{ text: string }>(new URL('https://rsshub.app') as unknown as string, () => Promise.resolve({ text: `Cache${++cacheIndex}` }), config.cache.routeExpire * 2);
             item.push({
                 title: 'Cache Title',
                 description: description.text,
@@ -336,7 +332,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     title: 'Title4 author is null',
                     pubDate: new Date('2019-3-1').toUTCString(),
                     link: 'https://github.com/DIYgod/RSSHub/pull/11555',
-                    author: null,
+                    author: null as unknown as DataItem['author'],
                 }
             );
 
@@ -360,18 +356,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item.push({
             title: `Title${i}`,
             description: `Description${i}`,
-            pubDate: new Date((ctx.req.param('id') === 'current_time' ? new Date() : 1_546_272_000_000) - i * 10 * 1000).toUTCString(),
+            pubDate: new Date((ctx.req.param('id') === 'current_time' ? Date.now() : 1_546_272_000_000) - i * 10 * 1000).toUTCString(),
             link: `https://github.com/DIYgod/RSSHub/issues/${i}`,
             author: `DIYgod${i}`,
         });
     }
 
     if (ctx.req.param('id') === 'empty') {
-        item = null;
+        item = null as unknown as DataItem[];
     }
 
     if (ctx.req.param('id') === 'allow_empty') {
-        item = null;
+        item = null as unknown as DataItem[];
     }
 
     if (ctx.req.param('id') === 'enclosure') {
@@ -413,9 +409,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     }
 
     return {
-        image,
+        image: image ?? undefined,
         title: `Test ${ctx.req.param('id')}`,
-        itunes_author: ctx.req.param('id') === 'enclosure' ? 'DIYgod' : null,
+        itunes_author: ctx.req.param('id') === 'enclosure' ? 'DIYgod' : (null as unknown as string),
         link: 'https://github.com/DIYgod/RSSHub',
         item,
         allowEmpty: ctx.req.param('id') === 'allow_empty',
diff --git a/lib/routes/theatlantic/news.ts b/lib/routes/theatlantic/news.ts
index 8bdfb81d4a..fda0c20b35 100644
--- a/lib/routes/theatlantic/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/theatlantic/news.ts
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const response = await ofetch(url);
     const $ = load(response);
     const contents = JSON.parse($('script#__NEXT_DATA__').text()).props.pageProps.urqlState;
-    const keyWithContent = Object.keys(contents).filter((key) => contents[key].data.includes(category));
+    const keyWithContent = Object.keys(contents).find((key) => contents[key].data.includes(category))!;
     const data = JSON.parse(contents[keyWithContent].data);
-    let list = Object.values(data)[0].river.edges;
+    let list = Object.values<any>(data)[0].river.edges;
     list = list.filter((item) => !item.node.url.startsWith('https://www.theatlantic.com/photo'));
     list = list.map((item) => {
         const data = { link: item.node.url, pubDate: item.node.datePublished };
diff --git a/lib/routes/theatlantic/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/theatlantic/utils.tsx
index d870fdfd63..0914125b71 100644
--- a/lib/routes/theatlantic/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/theatlantic/utils.tsx
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ const getArticleDetails = async (items) => {
                 let data = JSON.parse($('script#__NEXT_DATA__').text());
 
                 const list = data.props.pageProps.urqlState;
-                const keyWithContent = Object.keys(list).filter((key) => list[key].data.includes('content'));
+                const keyWithContent = Object.keys(list).find((key) => list[key].data.includes('content'))!;
                 data = JSON.parse(list[keyWithContent].data).article;
 
                 item.title = data.shareTitle;
diff --git a/lib/routes/thebrain/blog.tsx b/lib/routes/thebrain/blog.tsx
index 33d6710340..ffecb17610 100644
--- a/lib/routes/thebrain/blog.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/thebrain/blog.tsx
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('div.blog-row')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('h4 a');
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h2.gradient-heading').text() || $$('h1.gradient-heading').text();
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 $$('h2.gradient-heading').remove();
                 $$('div#shareDiv').remove();
 
-                const description: string | undefined = $$('div.blog-content').html() || $$('div.docs-section').html();
+                const description: string | undefined = ($$('div.blog-content').html() || $$('div.docs-section').html()) ?? undefined;
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('div.blog-meta').text();
                 const categoryEls: Element[] = $$('a.under-category').toArray();
                 const categories: string[] = [...new Set(categoryEls.map((el) => $$(el).text()).filter(Boolean))];
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.navbar-logo').attr('src') ? new URL($('img.navbar-logo').attr('src') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/thecover/channel.ts b/lib/routes/thecover/channel.ts
index 16e81d265c..20ef95fb23 100644
--- a/lib/routes/thecover/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/thecover/channel.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -57,13 +57,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(resp.data);
     const list = $('a.link-to-article')
         .toArray()
-        .filter((item) => $(item).attr('href').startsWith('/'))
-        .map((item) => ({
-            link: rootUrl + $(item).attr('href'),
-        }));
+        .filter((item) => $(item).attr('href')!.startsWith('/'))
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                link: rootUrl + $(item).attr('href'),
+                title: '',
+            })
+        );
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -84,7 +87,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: targetUrl,
         description:
             '封面新闻作为华西都市报深度融合转型和打造新型主流媒体的载体，牢固确立移动优先战略，创新移动新闻产品，打造移动传播矩阵，封面新闻的传播力、引导力、影响力和公信力不断得到各方肯定。封面新闻突破千万的用户下载量，呈现出以四川为主阵地的全国分布态势，用户年龄构成以20-35岁为主，“亿万年轻人的生活方式”的定位初步得到体现。',
-        language: 'zh-cn',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/thehindu/topic.ts b/lib/routes/thehindu/topic.ts
index a615b29527..9b9ab6a51d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/thehindu/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/thehindu/topic.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,29 +42,29 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $api = load(apiResponse);
     const list = $('.element')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $api(item);
-            const a = item.find('.title a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $api(item);
+            const a = $item.find('.title a');
             return {
                 title: a.text().trim(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                author: item.find('.author-name').text(),
+                author: $item.find('.author-name').text(),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 $('.position-relative, .articleblock-container, .article-ad, .comments-shares').remove();
-                item.description = $('.sub-title').prop('outerHTML') + $('div.article-picture').html() + $('div[itemprop="articleBody"]').html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[itemprop="datePublished"]').attr('content'));
-                item.updated = parseDate($('meta[itemprop="dateModified"]').attr('content'));
+                item.description = $('.sub-title').prop('outerHTML')! + $('div.article-picture').html()! + $('div[itemprop="articleBody"]').html();
+                item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[itemprop="datePublished"]').attr('content')!);
+                item.updated = parseDate($('meta[itemprop="dateModified"]').attr('content')!);
                 item.category = $('meta[property="article:tag"]')
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((item) => $(item).attr('content'));
+                    .map((item) => $(item).attr('content')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         logo: $('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').attr('href'),
         icon: $('link[rel="icon"]').attr('href'),
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/theinitium/app.ts b/lib/routes/theinitium/app.ts
index 80ac3ca490..6e0e9f5f37 100644
--- a/lib/routes/theinitium/app.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/theinitium/app.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { applyLanguageToTagSlug, CHANNEL_TAG_MAP, ghostFetch, postsToItems } from './utils';
 
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${name} - ${label}`,
         link: 'https://theinitium.com/latest/',
         icon: 'https://theinitium.com/favicon.ico',
-        language: language === 'zh-hans' ? 'zh-CN' : 'zh-TW',
+        language: (language === 'zh-hans' ? 'zh-CN' : 'zh-TW') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/theinitium/utils.ts b/lib/routes/theinitium/utils.ts
index 3eb95cc9f9..c15bbe58bd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/theinitium/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/theinitium/utils.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
+import type { Language } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ export async function postsToItems(posts: GhostPost[]) {
 
             // For paid articles with truncated content, scrape full text if cookie available
             if (!post.access && memberCookie) {
-                const fullHtml = (await cache.tryGet(`theinitium:full:${post.slug}`, () => scrapeFullArticle(post.url, memberCookie), config.cache.contentExpire)) as string | null;
+                const fullHtml = (await cache.tryGet(`theinitium:full:${post.slug}`, () => scrapeFullArticle(post.url, memberCookie) as Promise<string>, config.cache.contentExpire)) as string | null;
                 if (fullHtml) {
                     description = cleanGhostHtml(fullHtml);
                 }
@@ -303,7 +304,7 @@ export const processFeed = async (model: string, ctx: Context) => {
         title: `端傳媒 - ${displayName}`,
         link: listLink,
         icon: 'https://theinitium.com/favicon.ico',
-        language: language === 'zh-hans' ? 'zh-CN' : 'zh-TW',
+        language: (language === 'zh-hans' ? 'zh-CN' : 'zh-TW') as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/thenewslens/index.ts b/lib/routes/thenewslens/index.ts
index ce307439fa..c431b47133 100644
--- a/lib/routes/thenewslens/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/thenewslens/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -45,20 +45,20 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 25)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: /\/article\//.test(link) ? `${link}/fullpage` : link,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: /\/article\//.test(link!) ? `${link}/fullpage` : link,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -74,19 +74,19 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                 content('.article-img-container').each((_, el) => {
                     content(el).replaceWith(
                         renderDescription({
-                            image: content(el).find('img')?.attr('data-srcset').split('?', 1)[0] ?? undefined,
+                            image: content(el).find('img').attr('data-srcset')!.split('?', 1)[0] ?? undefined,
                         })
                     );
                 });
 
                 item.author = content('meta[property="article:author"]').attr('content');
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!);
                 item.category = content('meta[property="article:tag"]')
                     .toArray()
-                    .map((t) => content(t).attr('content'));
+                    .map((t) => content(t).attr('content')!);
                 item.description = renderDescription({
-                    image: content('meta[property="og:image"]')?.attr('content').split('?', 1)[0] ?? undefined,
-                    description: content('.article-main-box, article[itemprop="articleBody"]').html(),
+                    image: content('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content')!.split('?', 1)[0] ?? undefined,
+                    description: content('.article-main-box, article[itemprop="articleBody"]').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/thepaper/839studio/category.ts b/lib/routes/thepaper/839studio/category.ts
index 7791bfe9f0..7d938faa0d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/thepaper/839studio/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/thepaper/839studio/category.ts
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link,
         description: desc,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.archive_up a').text(),
-                description: `描述：${item.find('.imgdown p').text()}`,
-                link: item.find('.archive_up a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('.archive_up a').text(),
+                description: `描述：${$item.find('.imgdown p').text()}`,
+                link: $item.find('.archive_up a').attr('href'),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/thepaper/839studio/studio.ts b/lib/routes/thepaper/839studio/studio.ts
index d97e5abe04..5f4d92186f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/thepaper/839studio/studio.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/thepaper/839studio/studio.ts
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ async function handler() {
         title: '澎湃美数课作品集',
         link: 'http://projects.thepaper.cn/thepaper-cases/839studio/',
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.imgup a').text(),
-                description: `描述：${item.find('.imgdown p').text()}`,
-                link: item.find('.imgup a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('.imgup a').text(),
+                description: `描述：${$item.find('.imgdown p').text()}`,
+                link: $item.find('.imgup a').attr('href'),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/thepaper/user.ts b/lib/routes/thepaper/user.ts
index e4ed7db64d..1fb98ea1ea 100644
--- a/lib/routes/thepaper/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/thepaper/user.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         },
     });
 
-    const list = response.data.list.map((item) => ({
+    const list = response.data.list.map((item): DataItem & { contId: string } => ({
         title: item.name,
         link: `https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_${item.contId}`,
         pubDate: parseDate(item.pubTimeLong),
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await ofetch(`https://m.thepaper.cn/_next/data/${mobileBuildId}/detail/${item.contId}.json`, {
                     query: {
                         id: item.contId,
diff --git a/lib/routes/thepaper/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/thepaper/utils.tsx
index bf7c1794f2..6c276cb668 100644
--- a/lib/routes/thepaper/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/thepaper/utils.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ export default {
                 pubDate = parseRelativeDate(contentDetail.pubTime);
             }
 
-            const rss_item = {
+            const rss_item: DataItem = {
                 title: contentDetail.name || contentDetail.shareName,
                 link: itemUrl,
                 description,
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ const ThepaperVideoDetail = ({ videos }: { videos: { url: string; coverUrl: stri
     <video
         src={videos.url}
         controls
-        playsinline="true"
+        playsinline
         webkit-playsinline="true"
         x5-playsinline="true"
         x5-video-player-type="h5"
diff --git a/lib/routes/theverge/index.ts b/lib/routes/theverge/index.ts
index bcb6abebf0..325dcce34e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/theverge/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/theverge/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
 
                 const $ = load(response);
 
@@ -148,9 +148,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/thoughtco/index.ts b/lib/routes/thoughtco/index.ts
index f076313fce..a12a263659 100644
--- a/lib/routes/thoughtco/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/thoughtco/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -335,18 +335,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('a[data-doc-id]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('span.block-title').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('span.block-title').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -354,11 +354,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 content('div.adslot').remove();
                 content('div.sources-and-citation, .mntl-figure-caption svg').remove();
                 content('div.figure-media').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = $(e);
+                    const $e = $(e);
 
-                    const image = e.find('img');
+                    const image = $e.find('img');
 
-                    e.replaceWith(
+                    $e.replaceWith(
                         renderDescription({
                             image: {
                                 src: image.prop('data-src'),
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     image: {
                         src: content('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content'),
                     },
-                    description: content('div.article-content').html(),
+                    description: content('div.article-content').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.author = content('meta[name="sailthru.author"]').prop('content');
                 item.category = [
@@ -395,14 +395,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const author = $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content');
     const title = $('meta[property="og:title"]').prop('content');
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${author}${title.startsWith(author) ? '' : ` - ${title}`}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/tidb/blog.ts b/lib/routes/tidb/blog.ts
index c143c1ddfb..c47b1a4a67 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tidb/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tidb/blog.ts
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
-const escapeHtml = (text: string): string => text?.replaceAll('&', '&amp;')?.replaceAll('<', '&lt;')?.replaceAll('>', '&gt;')?.replaceAll("'", '&quot;')?.replaceAll("'", '&#039;') ?? text;
+const escapeHtml = (text: string): string => text?.replaceAll('&', '&amp;')?.replaceAll('<', '&lt;')?.replaceAll('>', '&gt;')?.replaceAll('"', '&quot;')?.replaceAll("'", '&#039;') ?? text;
 
 const parseTextChildren = (children: any[]): string => children.map((child: any) => escapeHtml(child.text)).join('');
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 text: description,
             },
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: title.split(/\|/).pop()?.trim(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/tiddlywiki/releases.ts b/lib/routes/tiddlywiki/releases.ts
index 622a309ab5..3a773354a3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tiddlywiki/releases.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tiddlywiki/releases.ts
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ async function handler() {
     const versionList = alist
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const text = item.find('title').text();
-            const date = item.find('updated').text();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const text = $item.find('title').text();
+            const date = $item.find('updated').text();
             // 使用正则提取 v5.3.6 格式
             const version = text.match(/v\d+\.\d+\.\d+/)?.[0];
             return {
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         versionList.map((item) => {
-            const _version = item.version.slice(1);
+            const _version = item.version!.slice(1);
             const url = `https://tiddlywiki.com/static/Release%2520${_version}.html`;
             return cache.tryGet(url, async () => {
                 const response = await got({
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 const description = $('.tc-tiddler-body').html();
 
                 return {
-                    title: item.version,
+                    title: item.version!,
                     link: url,
                     pubDate: item.pubDate,
                     description,
diff --git a/lib/routes/timednews/news.ts b/lib/routes/timednews/news.ts
index c3b66a5893..43461dda6b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/timednews/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/timednews/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import { type CheerioOptions, load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('#content li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
             const c = load(e);
             return {
                 title: c('a').text().trim(),
@@ -99,13 +99,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
                 });
 
-                const c = load(detailResponse.data, { decodeEntities: false });
+                const c = load(detailResponse.data, { decodeEntities: false } as CheerioOptions);
                 c('.event .twitter').remove();
                 item.pubDate = parseDate(c('.datetime #publishdate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD');
                 item.author = c('.datetime #author').text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/changsha.ts b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/changsha.ts
index 4513a04eb7..88ee83260f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/changsha.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/changsha.ts
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.mainRightBox .announcements-title a')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text().trim(),
-                link: baseUrl + item.attr('href').trim(),
+                title: $item.text().trim(),
+                link: baseUrl + $item.attr('href')!.trim(),
             };
         });
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
             const data = {
                 title: item.title,
-                description: $('.mainRightBox div:last').html().trim(),
+                description: $('.mainRightBox div:last').html()!.trim(),
                 pubDate: parseDate($('.mainRightBox .gxsj span:first').text() + ' +0800', 'YYYY/M/D H:m:s ZZ'),
                 link: item.link,
                 author: $('.mainRightBox .gxsj span:last').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/dalian.ts b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/dalian.ts
index 274314ac06..90a1ae54ad 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/dalian.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/dalian.ts
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('recordset record')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text().trim(),
-                description: `大连市停水通知：${item.find('a').text().trim()}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('a').text().trim(),
+                description: `大连市停水通知：${$item.find('a').text().trim()}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/dongguan.ts b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/dongguan.ts
index 362bcb3184..97e987e19f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/dongguan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/dongguan.ts
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ async function handler() {
         link: 'http://www.djsw.com.cn/news/tstz/index.html',
         description: $('title').text() || '停水通知 - 东莞市东江水务有限公司',
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                description: `东莞市停水通知：${item.find('a').text()}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate($(item.contents()[1]).text().slice(1, -1)),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                description: `东莞市停水通知：${$item.find('a').text()}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($($item.contents()[1]).text().slice(1, -1)),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/hangzhou.ts b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/hangzhou.ts
index 9baade89b9..cb1f766c14 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/hangzhou.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/hangzhou.ts
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ async function handler() {
         link: 'http://www.hzwgc.com/public/stop_the_water/',
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content') || $('title').text(),
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title').text(),
-                description: `杭州市停水通知：${item.find('.title').text()}`,
-                pubDate: new Date(item.find('.published').text()).toUTCString(),
-                link: `http://www.hzwgc.com${item.find('.btn-read').attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('.title').text(),
+                description: `杭州市停水通知：${$item.find('.title').text()}`,
+                pubDate: new Date($item.find('.published').text()).toUTCString(),
+                link: `http://www.hzwgc.com${$item.find('.btn-read').attr('href')}`,
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/xiaoshan.ts b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/xiaoshan.ts
index 5ec44886fd..b7698c4047 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/xiaoshan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/xiaoshan.ts
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ async function handler() {
         link: 'https://www.xswater.com/gongshui/channels/227.html',
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content') || $('title').text(),
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                description: `萧山区停水通知：${item.find('a').text()}`,
-                pubDate: new Date(item.find('span').text().slice(1, 11)).toUTCString(),
-                link: `https://www.xswater.com${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                description: `萧山区停水通知：${$item.find('a').text()}`,
+                pubDate: new Date($item.find('span').text().slice(1, 11)).toUTCString(),
+                link: `https://www.xswater.com${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/yangjiang.ts b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/yangjiang.ts
index b4570f7f8b..35f6fd05c4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tingshuitz/yangjiang.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tingshuitz/yangjiang.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler() {
         item: list.toArray().map((el) => {
             const item = $(el);
 
-            const id = item.find('a').attr('href').slice(17, -1);
+            const id = item.find('a').attr('href')!.slice(17, -1);
             return {
                 title: item.find('span').text().trim(),
                 description: item.find('span').text().trim(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/tisi/index.ts b/lib/routes/tisi/index.ts
index 537e63a5e3..252ac0f649 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tisi/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tisi/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -32,16 +32,18 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('div.new-artice-list-box')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('p.new-article-title > a').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('p.new-article-title > a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
-            pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('p.new-article-date > span.left-span').text()),
-            category: $(item).find('p.new-article-date > span:nth-child(1)').text(),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('p.new-article-title > a').text(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('p.new-article-title > a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('p.new-article-date > span.left-span').text()),
+                category: $(item).find('p.new-article-date > span:nth-child(1)').text(),
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                 item.description = content('div.article-content').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/tju/cic/index.ts b/lib/routes/tju/cic/index.ts
index 3f7cc40534..8af69c96d6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tju/cic/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tju/cic/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             subtitle = '学部新闻';
             path = 'xwzx/xyxw.htm';
     }
-    let response = null;
+    let response: any = null;
     try {
         response = await got(cic_base_url + path);
     } catch {
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.wenzi_list_ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { type: string } => {
             const href = $('a', item).attr('href');
             const type = pageType(href);
             return {
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             switch (item.type) {
                 case 'tju-cic':
                 case 'in-site':
-                    return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                    return cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                         try {
                             const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                             const content = load(detailResponse.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/tju/news/index.ts b/lib/routes/tju/news/index.ts
index 18062668fb..b3b0a2cd80 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tju/news/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tju/news/index.ts
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             subtitle = '聚焦天大';
             path = 'jjtd.htm';
     }
-    let response = null;
+    let response: any = null;
     try {
         response = await got(news_base_url + path, {
             headers: {
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                                 parseDate(
                                     content('.contentTime')
                                         .text()
-                                        .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/)[0],
+                                        .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/)![0],
                                     'YYYY-MM-DD'
                                 ),
                                 8
diff --git a/lib/routes/tju/oaa/index.ts b/lib/routes/tju/oaa/index.ts
index 34d4692ead..54a6f447da 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tju/oaa/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tju/oaa/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             subtitle = '新闻动态';
             path = 'xwdt.htm';
     }
-    let response = null;
+    let response: any = null;
     try {
         response = await got(oaa_base_url + path, {
             headers: {
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const list = $('.notice_l > ul > li > dl > dt')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { type: string } => {
             const href = $('a', item).attr('href');
             const type = pageType(href);
             return {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     return finishArticleItem(item);
                 case 'tju-oaa':
                 case 'in-site':
-                    return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                    return cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                         try {
                             const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                             const content = load(detailResponse.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/tju/yzb/index.ts b/lib/routes/tju/yzb/index.ts
index 536bd2f5f1..71045fe887 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tju/yzb/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tju/yzb/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             subtitle = '校级公告';
             path = 'xwzx/zxxx/';
     }
-    let response = null;
+    let response: any = null;
     try {
         response = await got(yzb_base_url + path, {
             responseType: 'buffer',
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('td.table_left_right > table > tbody > tr:nth-child(3) > td > table > tbody > tr:nth-child(1) > td > table > tbody > tr')
         .slice(1, -1)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { type: string } => {
             const href = $('td > a', item).attr('href');
             const type = pageType(href);
             return {
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             switch (item.type) {
                 case 'tju-yzb':
                 case 'in-site':
-                    return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                    return cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                         try {
                             const detailResponse = await got(item.link, { responseType: 'buffer' });
                             const content = load(iconv.decode(detailResponse.data, 'gbk'));
diff --git a/lib/routes/tmtpost/nictation.ts b/lib/routes/tmtpost/nictation.ts
index 50d773310e..797b50fe46 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tmtpost/nictation.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tmtpost/nictation.ts
@@ -15,9 +15,11 @@ export const route: Route = {
         supportPodcast: false,
         supportScihub: false,
     },
-    radar: {
-        source: ['www.tmtpost.com'],
-    },
+    radar: [
+        {
+            source: ['www.tmtpost.com'],
+        },
+    ],
     name: '快报',
     maintainers: ['defp'],
     handler,
diff --git a/lib/routes/tmtpost/util.ts b/lib/routes/tmtpost/util.ts
index 622e5d9f33..86dfd8ee8a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tmtpost/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tmtpost/util.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ const processItems = async (limit: number, query: Record<string, any>, apiUrl: s
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated, 'X') : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ const processItems = async (limit: number, query: Record<string, any>, apiUrl: s
                         image,
                         banner: image,
                         updated: updated ? parseDate(updated, 'X') : undefined,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     const enclosureUrl: string | undefined = data.audio;
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ const processItems = async (limit: number, query: Record<string, any>, apiUrl: s
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: title.split(/-/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         itunes_author: author,
         itunes_category: 'Technology',
         id: targetUrl,
diff --git a/lib/routes/tokeninsight/blog.ts b/lib/routes/tokeninsight/blog.ts
index 35b38fcea6..a2cdb25aa2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tokeninsight/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tokeninsight/blog.ts
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const res = await got(blogUrl);
             const $ = load(res.data);
             const description = $('.detail_html_box').html();
-            return description;
+            return description ?? '';
         });
         return {
             // 文章标题
diff --git a/lib/routes/tokeninsight/bulletin.ts b/lib/routes/tokeninsight/bulletin.ts
index 7b29c563cb..b8f6a83dc9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tokeninsight/bulletin.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tokeninsight/bulletin.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const description = await cache.tryGet(articleUrl, async () => {
             const res = await got(articleUrl);
             const $ = load(res.data);
-            return $('.detail_html_box').html();
+            return $('.detail_html_box').html() ?? '';
         });
         return {
             // 文章标题
diff --git a/lib/routes/tokeninsight/report.ts b/lib/routes/tokeninsight/report.ts
index 7e927d133d..a7751d5234 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tokeninsight/report.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tokeninsight/report.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const res = await got(reportUrl);
             const $ = load(res.data);
             const description = $('.detail_html_box').html();
-            return description;
+            return description ?? '';
         });
         return {
             // 文章标题
diff --git a/lib/routes/tongji/bks.ts b/lib/routes/tongji/bks.ts
index 9bef2e53e1..37d3b05268 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tongji/bks.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tongji/bks.ts
@@ -39,16 +39,16 @@ async function handler() {
         link,
         description: '同济大学本科生院通知公告',
         item: list?.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
-            const dateItem = item.find('.li-data');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
+            const dateItem = $item.find('.li-data');
             const yearAndMonth = dateItem.find('span').text().split('-');
             const day = dateItem.find('p').text();
             const date = `${yearAndMonth[0]}-${yearAndMonth[1]}-${day}`;
             return {
-                title: item.find('.li-tt-title').text(),
-                description: item.find('.intro').text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), link).href,
+                title: $item.find('.li-tt-title').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.intro').text(),
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, link).href,
                 pubDate: parseDate(date, 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         }),
diff --git a/lib/routes/tongji/gs.ts b/lib/routes/tongji/gs.ts
index 1c7712eed6..6ff3225048 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tongji/gs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tongji/gs.ts
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ async function handler() {
         .map((item) => {
             const title = $(item).find('a').attr('title');
             const linkRaw = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
-            const link = linkRaw.startsWith('http') ? linkRaw : `${baseUrl}/${linkRaw}`;
+            const link = linkRaw!.startsWith('http') ? linkRaw : `${baseUrl}/${linkRaw}`;
             const pubDate = $(item).find('span').text();
             return { title, link, pubDate: parseDate(pubDate, 'YYYY-MM-DD') };
         });
 
-    const itemsWithContent = await Promise.all(items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link, () => getNoticeContent(item))));
+    const itemsWithContent = await Promise.all(items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link!, () => getNoticeContent(item))));
 
     return {
         title: '同济大学研究生院',
diff --git a/lib/routes/tongji/sem/_utils.ts b/lib/routes/tongji/sem/_utils.ts
index 426e256ccd..514ed77b75 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tongji/sem/_utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tongji/sem/_utils.ts
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ export async function getNotifByPage(url): Promise<Array<{ title: string; link:
             const time = aTagSecond.text();
 
             return {
-                title,
-                link: href,
+                title: title!,
+                link: href!,
                 pubDate: parseDate(time, 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/tongji/sse/_article.ts b/lib/routes/tongji/sse/_article.ts
index 4d0bf4effb..38ce5cff81 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tongji/sse/_article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tongji/sse/_article.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export default async function getArticle(item) {
     const content = $('#vsb_content').html();
 
     item.title = title;
-    item.description = content + ($('ul[style]').length ? $('ul[style]').html() : '');
+    item.description = content! + ($('ul[style]').length ? $('ul[style]').html() : '')!;
 
     return item;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/tongji/sse/notice.ts b/lib/routes/tongji/sse/notice.ts
index 61e0700b16..130ff8095b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tongji/sse/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tongji/sse/notice.ts
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const detailUrls = $('.data-list li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.data-list-time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.data-list-time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/tongji/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/tongji/yjs.ts
index c2b75d59e4..b1c27cc11e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tongji/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tongji/yjs.ts
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ async function handler() {
         .map((item) => {
             const title = $(item).find('a').attr('title');
             const linkRaw = $(item).find('a').attr('href');
-            const link = linkRaw.startsWith('http') ? linkRaw : new URL(linkRaw, `${baseUrl}/zsxw`).href;
+            const link = linkRaw!.startsWith('http') ? linkRaw : new URL(linkRaw!, `${baseUrl}/zsxw`).href;
             const pubDate = $(item).find('span').text();
             return { title, link, pubDate: parseDate(pubDate, 'YYYY-MM-DD') };
         });
 
-    const itemsWithContent = await Promise.all(items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link, () => getNoticeContent(item))));
+    const itemsWithContent = await Promise.all(items.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link!, () => getNoticeContent(item))));
 
     return {
         title: '同济大学研究生招生网',
diff --git a/lib/routes/tongli/news.ts b/lib/routes/tongli/news.ts
index 651c1ba75f..586216dcdd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tongli/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tongli/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,27 +37,27 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.news_list ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('.title a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('.title a');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: a.attr('href').startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : baseURL + a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.date').text(), 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
+                link: a.attr('href')!.startsWith('http') ? a.attr('href') : baseURL + a.attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.date').text(), 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: res } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(res);
 
-                if (item.link.startsWith('https://tonglinv.pixnet.net/')) {
+                if (item.link!.startsWith('https://tonglinv.pixnet.net/')) {
                     item.description = $('.article-content-inner').html();
-                } else if (/^https?:\/\/blog\.xuite\.net\//.test(item.link)) {
+                } else if (/^https?:\/\/blog\.xuite\.net\//.test(item.link!)) {
                     item.description = $('#content_all').html();
-                } else if (/TNews_View\.aspx/.test(item.link)) {
+                } else if (/TNews_View\.aspx/.test(item.link!)) {
                     item.description = $('#ContentPlaceHolder1_TNewsContent').html();
                 } else {
                     item.description = '';
diff --git a/lib/routes/toodaylab/index.ts b/lib/routes/toodaylab/index.ts
index 1960d96260..f26dfe5c21 100644
--- a/lib/routes/toodaylab/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/toodaylab/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -39,23 +39,23 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         ? $('div.hot-list a')
               .slice(0, limit)
               .toArray()
-              .map((item) => {
-                  item = $(item);
+              .map((item): DataItem => {
+                  const $item = $(item);
 
                   return {
-                      title: item.find('div.hot-item p').text(),
-                      link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                      title: $item.find('div.hot-item p').text(),
+                      link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                   };
               })
         : $('div.single-post')
               .slice(0, limit)
               .toArray()
-              .map((item) => {
-                  item = $(item);
+              .map((item): DataItem => {
+                  const $item = $(item);
 
-                  const a = item.find('p.title a');
+                  const a = $item.find('p.title a');
 
-                  const pubDate = item
+                  const pubDate = $item
                       .find('div.left-infos p')
                       .text()
                       .trim()
@@ -64,16 +64,16 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
                   return {
                       title: a.text(),
-                      link: new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                      description: item.find('p.excerpt').html(),
-                      author: item.find('div.left-infos p a').text().trim(),
-                      pubDate: timezone(/[年日月]/.test(pubDate) ? parseDate(pubDate, ['YYYY年M月D日 HH:mm', 'M月D日 HH:mm']) : parseRelativeDate(pubDate), 8),
+                      link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                      description: $item.find('p.excerpt').html(),
+                      author: $item.find('div.left-infos p a').text().trim(),
+                      pubDate: timezone(/[年日月]/.test(pubDate!) ? parseDate(pubDate!, ['YYYY年M月D日 HH:mm', 'M月D日 HH:mm']) : parseRelativeDate(pubDate!), 8),
                   };
               });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
                     .slice(1)
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => content(c).text().replace(/#/, ''));
-                item.pubDate ??= timezone(/[年日月]/.test(pubDate) ? parseDate(pubDate, ['YYYY年M月D日 HH:mm', 'M月D日 HH:mm']) : parseRelativeDate(pubDate), 8);
+                item.pubDate ??= timezone(/[年日月]/.test(pubDate!) ? parseDate(pubDate!, ['YYYY年M月D日 HH:mm', 'M月D日 HH:mm']) : parseRelativeDate(pubDate!), 8);
                 item.upvotes = content('#like_count').text() ? Number(content('#like_count').text()) : 0;
                 item.comments = Number(content('div.right-infos a').first().text()) || 0;
 
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         title: isHot ? title.replace(/[^|]+/, '最热 ') : title,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('h3.logo a img').prop('src'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/toutiao/a-bogus.ts b/lib/routes/toutiao/a-bogus.ts
index 5ab6716f32..d121f624f5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/toutiao/a-bogus.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/toutiao/a-bogus.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // oxlint-disable no-undef unicorn-js/no-this-outside-of-class unicorn-js/no-return-array-push
 // oxlint-disable unicorn/prefer-spread
 // oxlint-disable unicorn/prefer-math-trunc
-// @ts-nocheck
+// @ts-nocheck cryptographic
 
 // Credits:
 // https://github.com/NearHuiwen/TiktokDouyinCrawler/blob/main/utils/a_bogus.js
diff --git a/lib/routes/toutiao/types.ts b/lib/routes/toutiao/types.ts
index e3ede3b0d6..e4a4021c30 100644
--- a/lib/routes/toutiao/types.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/toutiao/types.ts
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ interface ShowMore {
     url: string;
 }
 
-interface UserInfoCell32 {
+export interface UserInfoCell32 {
     avatar_url: string;
     desc: string;
     id: number;
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ interface UserInfoCell32 {
     verified_content: string;
 }
 
-interface UserInfoCell49 {
+export interface UserInfoCell49 {
     info: {
         avatar_uri: string;
         avatar_url: string;
diff --git a/lib/routes/toutiao/user.tsx b/lib/routes/toutiao/user.tsx
index f2ccd759d2..49b589117c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/toutiao/user.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/toutiao/user.tsx
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
 import { generate_a_bogus } from './a-bogus';
-import type { Feed } from './types';
+import type { Feed, UserInfoCell32, UserInfoCell49 } from './types';
 
 const renderVideo = (url, poster) =>
     renderToString(
@@ -66,18 +66,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             case 0:
             case 49: {
                 const video = item.video.play_addr_list.toSorted((a, b) => b.bitrate - a.bitrate)[0];
+                const user = item.user as UserInfoCell49 | undefined;
                 return {
                     title: item.title,
                     description: renderVideo(item.video.play_addr_list.toSorted((a, b) => b.bitrate - a.bitrate)[0].play_url_list[0], item.video.origin_cover.url_list[0]),
                     link: `https://www.toutiao.com/video/${item.id}/`,
                     pubDate: parseDate(item.publish_time, 'X'),
-                    author: item.user?.info.name ?? item.source,
+                    author: user?.info.name ?? item.source,
                     enclosure_url: video?.play_url_list[0],
                     enclosure_type: video?.play_url_list[0] ? 'video/mp4' : undefined,
                     user: {
-                        name: item.user?.info.name,
-                        avatar: item.user?.info.avatar_url,
-                        description: item.user?.info.desc,
+                        name: user?.info.name,
+                        avatar: user?.info.avatar_url,
+                        description: user?.info.desc,
                     },
                 };
             }
@@ -85,18 +86,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             // text w/o title
             case 32: {
                 const enclosure = item.large_image_list?.pop();
+                const user = item.user as UserInfoCell32 | undefined;
                 return {
                     title: item.content?.split('\n', 1)[0],
                     description: item.rich_content,
                     link: `https://www.toutiao.com/w/${item.id}/`,
                     pubDate: parseDate(item.publish_time, 'X'),
-                    author: item.user?.name,
+                    author: user?.name,
                     enclosure_url: enclosure?.url,
                     enclosure_type: enclosure?.url ? `image/${new URL(enclosure.url).pathname.split('.').pop()}` : undefined,
                     user: {
-                        name: item.user?.name,
-                        avatar: item.user?.avatar_url,
-                        description: item.user?.desc,
+                        name: user?.name,
+                        avatar: user?.avatar_url,
+                        description: user?.desc,
                     },
                 };
             }
diff --git a/lib/routes/towardsdatascience/latest.ts b/lib/routes/towardsdatascience/latest.ts
index 07bcbd93c5..6825aad4c2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/towardsdatascience/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/towardsdatascience/latest.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler() {
     const baseUrl = 'https://towardsdatascience.com/latest';
-    const feedLang = 'en';
+    const feedLang: Language = 'en';
     const feedDescription = 'Latest articles from Towards Data Science';
 
     const response = await ofetch('https://medium.com/towards-data-science/latest?posts=true', {
diff --git a/lib/routes/tqyb/sncsyjxh.tsx b/lib/routes/tqyb/sncsyjxh.tsx
index b3c7e206a2..ad86b5d0f8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tqyb/sncsyjxh.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/tqyb/sncsyjxh.tsx
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const response = await got.get(sncsyjxhJsUrl);
     const resData = JSON.parse(String(response.data.match(/Alarm = (.*?);/)[1]));
 
-    const data = [];
+    const data: any[] = [];
     for (const i in resData) {
         for (const j in resData[i]) {
             data.push(resData[i][j]);
diff --git a/lib/routes/tradingview/blog.ts b/lib/routes/tradingview/blog.ts
index 5da34c01d5..429ad579c2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tradingview/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tradingview/blog.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -77,36 +77,36 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('article[id]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.find('div.title').text();
+            const title = $item.find('div.title').text();
 
             return {
                 title,
-                link: item.find('a.articles-grid-link').prop('href'),
+                link: $item.find('a.articles-grid-link').prop('href'),
                 description: renderDescription({
                     image: {
-                        src: item
+                        src: $item
                             .find('div.articles-grid-img img')
-                            .prop('src')
+                            .prop('src')!
                             .replace(/-\d+x\d+\./, '.'),
                         alt: title,
                     },
                 }),
-                category: item
+                category: $item
                     .find('a.section')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text()),
-                guid: `tradingview-blog-${category}-${item.prop('id')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.date').text(), 'MMM D, YYYY'),
+                guid: `tradingview-blog-${category}-${$item.prop('id')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.date').text(), 'MMM D, YYYY'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await pMap(
         list,
         (item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                             renderDescription({
                                 image: {
                                     src: content(e)
-                                        .prop('src')
+                                        .prop('src')!
                                         .replace(/-\d+x\d+\./, '.'),
                                 },
                             })
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         src: content('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content'),
                         alt: item.title,
                     },
-                    description: content('div.entry-content').html(),
+                    description: content('div.entry-content').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 item.author = content('meta[property="og:site_name"]').prop('content');
                 item.category = content('div.sections a.section')
@@ -144,14 +144,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         { concurrency: 3 }
     );
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('div.site-subtitle').text(),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('h1.site-title').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/tradingview/desktop.ts b/lib/routes/tradingview/desktop.ts
index 09659f77ef..19e35ae70e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tradingview/desktop.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tradingview/desktop.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response);
 
     $('h4[data-identifyelement]').each((_, el) => {
-        el = $(el);
+        const $el = $(el);
 
-        if (el.text().trim() === '') {
-            el.remove();
+        if ($el.text().trim() === '') {
+            $el.remove();
         }
     });
 
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, limit)
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const title = item.text();
-            const description = $.html(item.nextUntil('h4'));
+            const title = $item.text();
+            const description = $.html($item.nextUntil('h4'));
             const content = load(description);
 
             return {
@@ -71,14 +71,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const title = $('title').text();
     const titleSplits = title.split(/—/);
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: titleSplits[0],
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: titleSplits[0],
diff --git a/lib/routes/tradingview/pine.ts b/lib/routes/tradingview/pine.ts
index a4fbf35704..e6618f855b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tradingview/pine.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tradingview/pine.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -38,24 +38,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('div.section')
         .toArray()
         .filter((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            return /\w+-\d{4}/.test(item.prop('id'));
+            return /\w+-\d{4}/.test($item.prop('id'));
         })
         .slice(0, limit)
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const id = item.prop('id');
-            const title = item.find('a.toc-backref').first().text();
-            const link = new URL(item.find('a.headerlink').prop('href'), currentUrl).href;
+            const id = $item.prop('id');
+            const title = $item.find('a.toc-backref').first().text();
+            const link = new URL($item.find('a.headerlink').prop('href')!, currentUrl).href;
 
-            item.children().first().remove();
+            $item.children().first().remove();
 
             return {
                 title,
                 link,
-                description: item.html(),
+                description: $item.html(),
                 pubDate: parseDate(`${id.charAt(0).toUpperCase()}${id.slice(1)}`, 'MMMM-YYYY'),
             };
         });
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('div.text-logo').text(),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/transcriptforest/index.ts b/lib/routes/transcriptforest/index.ts
index 44c2632be9..1cd50ea0d4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/transcriptforest/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/transcriptforest/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const title = $('title').text();
     const image = $('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content');
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="apple-touch-icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
     const author = title.split(/\|/, 1)[0].trim();
 
     return {
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/trendforce/new.ts b/lib/routes/trendforce/new.ts
index a9740b2f16..b21271adad 100644
--- a/lib/routes/trendforce/new.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/trendforce/new.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/trendforce/news-cn.ts b/lib/routes/trendforce/news-cn.ts
index 7f4061b7f4..746dd243ce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/trendforce/news-cn.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/trendforce/news-cn.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.list-items .list-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const $item = $(item);
             const a = $item.find('h3 a.title-link');
             return {
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler() {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').attr('content'),
         link,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         image: `${baseUrl}${$('link[rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed"][sizes="152x152"]').attr('href')}`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/tribalfootball/latest.tsx b/lib/routes/tribalfootball/latest.tsx
index f740a83d3f..4d8a37460f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tribalfootball/latest.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/tribalfootball/latest.tsx
@@ -44,14 +44,12 @@ async function handler() {
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
             const $item = $(item);
-            let link = $item.find('link').text();
-            link = new URL(link);
-            link.search = '';
-            link = link.href;
+            const linkUrl = new URL($item.find('link').text());
+            linkUrl.search = '';
             return {
                 title: $item.find('title').text(),
                 description: $item.find('description').text(),
-                link,
+                link: linkUrl.href,
                 guid: $item.find('guid').text(),
                 pubDate: parseDate($item.find('pubDate').text()),
                 author: $item.find(String.raw`dc\:creator`).text(),
@@ -67,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
                 const title = $('head > title').text().replace(' - Tribal Football', '');
 
-                let desc = $('.articleBody');
+                const desc = $('.articleBody');
                 desc.find('.ad').remove();
                 // <p><br><i>AD</i><span></span></p>
                 const ad = desc.find('p > br:first-child').next('i');
@@ -75,11 +73,10 @@ async function handler() {
                 if (adNextSpan.length && !adNextSpan.text() && !adNextSpan.next().length) {
                     ad.parent().remove();
                 }
-                desc = desc.html();
-                desc = renderDescription(desc, item._header_image);
+                const rendered = renderDescription(desc.html(), item._header_image);
 
                 item.title = title || item.title;
-                item.description = desc || item.description;
+                item.description = rendered || item.description;
                 delete item._header_image;
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/trow/portal.ts b/lib/routes/trow/portal.ts
index 24c431a4bb..cd0169a2be 100644
--- a/lib/routes/trow/portal.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/trow/portal.ts
@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ async function handler() {
         link: 'https://trow.cc',
         description: 'The Ring of Wonder 首页更新',
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const dateraw = item.find('.postdetails').text();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const dateraw = $item.find('.postdetails').text();
             return {
-                title: item.find('.maintitle p:nth-child(2) > a').text(),
-                description: item.find('.portal_news_content .row18').html(),
-                link: item.find('.maintitle p:nth-child(2) > a').attr('href'),
-                author: item.find('.postdetails a').text(),
+                title: $item.find('.maintitle p:nth-child(2) > a').text(),
+                description: $item.find('.portal_news_content .row18').html(),
+                link: $item.find('.maintitle p:nth-child(2) > a').attr('href'),
+                author: $item.find('.postdetails a').text(),
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate(dateraw.slice(3), 'YYYY-MM-DD, HH:mm'), 8),
             };
         }),
diff --git a/lib/routes/tsdm39/bd.ts b/lib/routes/tsdm39/bd.ts
index 399a1db38b..c5251d5f63 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tsdm39/bd.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tsdm39/bd.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async (ctx) => {
     return {
         title: '天使动漫论坛 - BD',
         link: 'https://www.tsdm39.com/forum.php?mod=forumdisplay&fid=85',
-        language: 'zh-Hans',
+        language: 'zh-CN',
         item,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/tsinghua/lib/tzgg.ts b/lib/routes/tsinghua/lib/tzgg.ts
index 57c7f4a040..1891af04bc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tsinghua/lib/tzgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tsinghua/lib/tzgg.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('ul.notice-list li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').text();
-            const time = item.find('.notice-date').text();
-            const a = item.find('a').attr('href');
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').text();
+            const time = $item.find('.notice-date').text();
+            const a = $item.find('a').attr('href');
 
-            const fullUrl = new URL(a, host).href;
+            const fullUrl = new URL(a!, host).href;
 
             return {
                 title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/tsinghua/lib/zydt.ts b/lib/routes/tsinghua/lib/zydt.ts
index 8f2dcb00b7..8d95057f88 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tsinghua/lib/zydt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tsinghua/lib/zydt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -21,18 +21,18 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('ul.notice-list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('div.notice-list-tt a').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div.notice-date').text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('div.notice-list-tt a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                category: item
+                title: $item.find('div.notice-list-tt a').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div.notice-date').text(), 'YYYY/MM/DD'),
+                link: new URL($item.find('div.notice-list-tt a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                category: $item
                     .find('div.notice-label')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((c) => $(c).text()),
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
         });
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                     html: description,
                     text: $$('div.v_news_content').text(),
                 };
-                item.language = language;
+                item.language = language as Language;
 
                 return item;
             })
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const image = new URL($('div.logo a img').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('div.logo a img').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title,
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
         author: title.split(/-/).pop(),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/tsinghua/news.ts b/lib/routes/tsinghua/news.ts
index 1f23a0f327..b46e3a6853 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tsinghua/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tsinghua/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const response = await ofetch(link);
     const $ = load(response);
 
-    const list = [
+    const list: DataItem[] = [
         ...$('.left li a')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 return {
                     title: $item.find('.bt').text().trim(),
-                    link: new URL($item.attr('href'), baseUrl).href?.replace('http://', 'https://'),
+                    link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href?.replace('http://', 'https://'),
                     pubDate: parseDate(`${sj.find('span').text().trim()}.${sj.find('p').text().trim()}`, 'YYYY.MM.DD'),
                 };
             }),
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 if (!item.link?.startsWith('https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/')) {
                     return item;
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ttv/index.ts b/lib/routes/ttv/index.ts
index a808d70567..88ecc1c904 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ttv/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ttv/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,17 +36,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('div.news-list li')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                link: $(item).find('a').attr('href'),
+                link: $($item).find('a').attr('href'),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -55,14 +56,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.title = content('title').text();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!), 8);
                 item.category = content('div.article-body ul.tag')
                     .find('a')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((t) => content(t).text());
                 const section = content("meta[property='article:section']").attr('content');
-                if (!item.category.includes(section)) {
-                    item.category.push(section);
+                if (!item.category.includes(section!)) {
+                    item.category.push(section!);
                 }
                 item.description = content('#newscontent').html();
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/tver/series.ts b/lib/routes/tver/series.ts
index 29c8bd41d2..a50f1a0aa1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tver/series.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tver/series.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
+import type { FetchOptions } from 'ofetch';
 
 import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
         referer: 'https://s.tver.jp/',
         credentials: 'omit',
         mode: 'cors',
-    });
+    } as FetchOptions<'json'>);
 
     const { platform_uid, platform_token } = browser;
 
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
         referer: 'https://tver.jp/',
         credentials: 'omit',
         mode: 'cors',
-    });
+    } as FetchOptions<'json'>);
 
     const { result } = await ofetch(`https://platform-api.tver.jp/service/api/v1/callSeriesEpisodes/${id}?platform_uid=${platform_uid}&platform_token=${platform_token}`, {
         method: 'GET',
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
         referer: 'https://tver.jp/',
         credentials: 'omit',
         mode: 'cors',
-    });
+    } as FetchOptions<'json'>);
 
     const items: DataItem[] = (result.contents?.[0]?.contents ?? [])
         .filter((i) => i.type === 'episode')
diff --git a/lib/routes/tvtropes/featured.tsx b/lib/routes/tvtropes/featured.tsx
index 062fb629ff..9b07f062b4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tvtropes/featured.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/tvtropes/featured.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 const categories = {
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const item = $(`div#featured-tropes div.${categories[category]}`);
 
-    const link = new URL(item.find('h2.entry-title a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const link = new URL(item.find('h2.entry-title a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     const { data: detailResponse } = await got(link);
 
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     content('div.folderlabel').remove();
 
     content('div.lazy_load_img_box').each((_, el) => {
-        el = content(el);
+        const $el = content(el);
 
-        const image = el.find('img');
+        const image = $el.find('img');
 
-        el.replaceWith(
+        $el.replaceWith(
             renderToString(
                 <figure>
                     <img src={image.prop('src')} alt={image.prop('alt')} width={image.prop('width')} height={image.prop('height')} />
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         },
     ];
 
-    const image = new URL($('img.logo-big').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('img.logo-big').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
     const icon = $('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href');
 
     return {
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${$('title').text()} - ${item.find('span.box-title').text()}`,
         link: rootUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/tw-nongmu/market.ts b/lib/routes/tw-nongmu/market.ts
index 1167ed7858..f25a1ba929 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tw-nongmu/market.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tw-nongmu/market.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import { finishArticleItem } from '@/utils/wechat-mp';
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title: $('head title').text(),
         link,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang') as const,
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
         image: `${baseUrl}/favicon.ico`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/api/developer-api/api.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/api/developer-api/api.ts
index 01328795a0..d339a5a554 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/api/developer-api/api.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/api/developer-api/api.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
-import { getTwitterUserCacheKey } from '@/utils/twitter-cache-key';
+
+import { getTwitterUserCacheKey } from '../../utils';
 
 interface ClientWrapper {
     client: TwitterApiReadOnly;
@@ -136,12 +137,12 @@ const mapTweetToLegacy = (tweet: Record<string, any>, includes: Record<string, a
         return cacheMap.get(tweet.id);
     }
 
-    const users = new Map((includes?.users ?? []).map((user) => [user.id, user]));
-    const tweets = new Map((includes?.tweets ?? []).map((item) => [item.id, item]));
-    const media = new Map((includes?.media ?? []).map((item) => [item.media_key, item]));
+    const users = new Map<string, Record<string, any>>((includes?.users ?? []).map((user) => [user.id, user]));
+    const tweets = new Map<string, Record<string, any>>((includes?.tweets ?? []).map((item) => [item.id, item]));
+    const media = new Map<string, Record<string, any>>((includes?.media ?? []).map((item) => [item.media_key, item]));
 
     const user = users.get(tweet.author_id);
-    const legacyUser = mapUserToLegacy(user);
+    const legacyUser = mapUserToLegacy(user!);
     const legacy: Record<string, any> = {
         id_str: tweet.id,
         conversation_id_str: tweet.conversation_id,
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ const getUserData = (id: string) =>
             'user.fields': 'profile_image_url,description,verified,url',
         };
         const response = id.startsWith('+') ? await client.v2.user(id.slice(1), params) : await client.v2.userByUsername(id, params);
-        return mapUserToLegacy(response?.data);
+        return mapUserToLegacy(response?.data) ?? '';
     });
 
 const cacheTryGet = async (_id: string, params: Record<string, any> | undefined, operationName: string, func: (id: string, params?: Record<string, any>) => Promise<any>) => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/api.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/api.ts
index 740971f165..9596ca8a87 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/api.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/api.ts
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ const twitterGot = async (url, params) => {
     };
 
     const response = await ofetch.raw(requestData.url, {
-        headers: oauth.toHeader(oauth.authorize(requestData, token)),
+        headers: oauth.toHeader(oauth.authorize(requestData, token)) as unknown as Record<string, string>,
     });
     if (response.status === 401) {
         cache.globalCache.set(token.cacheKey, '');
@@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ const listTweets = (listId, params = {}) =>
     );
 
 function gatherLegacyFromData(entries, filterNested?, userId?) {
-    const tweets = [];
-    const filteredEntries = [];
+    const tweets: any[] = [];
+    const filteredEntries: any[] = [];
     for (const entry of entries) {
         const entryId = entry.entryId;
         if (entryId) {
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ const getUserTweetByStatus = async (id, params = {}) => gatherLegacyFromData(awa
 const getListById = async (id, params = {}) => gatherLegacyFromData(await listTweets(id, params));
 
 const excludeRetweet = function (tweets) {
-    const excluded = [];
+    const excluded: any[] = [];
     for (const t of tweets) {
         if (t.retweeted_status) {
             continue;
@@ -252,12 +252,13 @@ const _getUserTweets = (id, params = {}) => cacheTryGet(id, params, getUserTweet
 //    a. if one replies a lot (e.g. elonmusk), there is sometimes no tweets left after filtering, caching may help
 // 2. getUserMedia return LATEST media tweets, which is a good plus
 const getUserTweets = async (id, params = {}) => {
-    let tweets = [];
+    let tweets: any[] = [];
     const rest_id = await getUserID(id);
     await Promise.all(
         [_getUserTweets, getUserTweetsAndReplies, getUserMedia].map(async (func) => {
             try {
-                tweets.push(...(await func(id, params)));
+                const result = await func(id, params);
+                tweets.push(...(result as any[]));
             } catch (error) {
                 logger.warn(`Failed to get tweets for ${id} with ${func.name}: ${error}`);
             }
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/login.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/login.ts
index c7261edcc8..88ef64684d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/login.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/login.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,21 @@ const ENDPOINT = 'https://api.x.com/1.1/onboarding/task.json';
 
 const NAMESPACE = 'd41d092b-b007-48f7-9129-e9538d2d8fe9';
 
-const headers = {
+const headers: {
+    'User-Agent': string;
+    'X-Twitter-API-Version': string;
+    'X-Twitter-Client': string;
+    'X-Twitter-Client-Version': string;
+    'OS-Version': string;
+    'System-User-Agent': string;
+    'X-Twitter-Active-User': string;
+    'Content-Type': string;
+    Authorization: string;
+    // Assigned during the login flow
+    att?: string;
+    'X-Twitter-Client-DeviceID'?: string;
+    'x-guest-token'?: string;
+} = {
     'User-Agent': 'TwitterAndroid/10.21.0-release.0 (310210000-r-0) ONEPLUS+A3010/9 (OnePlus;ONEPLUS+A3010;OnePlus;OnePlus3;0;;1;2016)',
     'X-Twitter-API-Version': '5',
     'X-Twitter-Client': 'TwitterAndroid',
@@ -153,7 +167,7 @@ async function login({ username, password, authenticationSecret, phoneOrEmail })
                         },
                     }
                 );
-                headers.att = _headers.get('att');
+                headers.att = _headers.get('att') ?? undefined;
                 let task = { data: _data };
 
                 logger.debug('Twitter login flow start.');
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/token.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/token.ts
index 93a6069cec..988ede82f5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/token.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/api/mobile-api/token.ts
@@ -1,39 +1,39 @@
-import { config } from '@/config';
+// import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
 
-import login from './login';
+// import login from './login';
 
-let tokenIndex = 0;
+// let tokenIndex = 0;
 
-async function getToken() {
-    let token;
-    if (config.twitter.username && config.twitter.password) {
-        const index = tokenIndex++ % config.twitter.username.length;
-        const username = config.twitter.username[index];
-        const password = config.twitter.password[index];
-        const authenticationSecret = config.twitter.authenticationSecret?.[index];
-        const phoneOrEmail = config.twitter.phoneOrEmail?.[index];
-        if (username && password) {
-            const authentication = await login({
-                username,
-                password,
-                authenticationSecret,
-                phoneOrEmail,
-            });
-            if (!authentication) {
-                throw new ConfigNotFoundError(`Invalid twitter configs: ${username}`);
-            }
-            token = {
-                key: authentication.oauth_token,
-                secret: authentication.oauth_token_secret,
-                cacheKey: `twitter:authentication:${username}`,
-            };
-        }
-    } else {
-        throw new ConfigNotFoundError('Invalid twitter configs');
-    }
-
-    return token;
+async function getToken(): Promise<{ key: string; secret: string; cacheKey: string }> {
+    // let token;
+    // if (config.twitter.username && config.twitter.password) {
+    //     const index = tokenIndex++ % config.twitter.username.length;
+    //     const username = config.twitter.username[index];
+    //     const password = config.twitter.password[index];
+    //     const authenticationSecret = config.twitter.authenticationSecret?.[index];
+    //     const phoneOrEmail = config.twitter.phoneOrEmail?.[index];
+    //     if (username && password) {
+    //         const authentication = await login({
+    //             username,
+    //             password,
+    //             authenticationSecret,
+    //             phoneOrEmail,
+    //         });
+    //         if (!authentication) {
+    //             throw new ConfigNotFoundError(`Invalid twitter configs: ${username}`);
+    //         }
+    //         token = {
+    //             key: authentication.oauth_token,
+    //             secret: authentication.oauth_token_secret,
+    //             cacheKey: `twitter:authentication:${username}`,
+    //         };
+    //     }
+    // } else {
+    //     throw new ConfigNotFoundError('Invalid twitter configs');
+    // }
+    // return token;
+    return await Promise.reject(new ConfigNotFoundError('Invalid twitter configs'));
 }
 
 export { getToken };
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/api/web-api/api.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/api/web-api/api.ts
index 7954772082..546342d68f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/api/web-api/api.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/api/web-api/api.ts
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ import { config } from '@/config';
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
-import { getTwitterUserCacheKey } from '@/utils/twitter-cache-key';
 
+import { getTwitterUserCacheKey } from '../../utils';
 import { baseUrl, gqlFeatures, gqlMap, initGqlMap } from './constants';
 import { gatherLegacyFromData, paginationTweets, twitterGot } from './utils';
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/api/web-api/utils.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/api/web-api/utils.ts
index f3d921f96f..3d3dbcf3de 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/api/web-api/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/api/web-api/utils.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import proxy from '@/utils/proxy';
 
 import { baseUrl, bearerToken, gqlFeatures, gqlMap, thirdPartySupportedAPI } from './constants';
-import login from './login';
+// import login from './login';
 
 let authTokenIndex = 0;
 
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ const getAuth = async (retry: number) => {
     await cache.set(`${lockPrefix}${token}`, '1', 20);
     return {
         token,
-        username: config.twitter.username?.[index],
-        password: config.twitter.password?.[index],
-        authenticationSecret: config.twitter.authenticationSecret?.[index],
+        // username: config.twitter.username?.[index],
+        // password: config.twitter.password?.[index],
+        // authenticationSecret: config.twitter.authenticationSecret?.[index],
     };
 };
 
@@ -90,13 +90,13 @@ export const twitterGot = async (
     const requestUrl = `${url}?${queryString.stringify(params)}`;
 
     let cookie: string | Record<string, any> | null | undefined = await token2Cookie(auth?.token);
-    if (!cookie && auth) {
-        cookie = await login({
-            username: auth.username,
-            password: auth.password,
-            authenticationSecret: auth.authenticationSecret,
-        });
-    }
+    // if (!cookie && auth) {
+    //     cookie = await login({
+    //         username: auth.username,
+    //         password: auth.password,
+    //         authenticationSecret: auth.authenticationSecret,
+    //     });
+    // }
     let dispatchers:
         | {
               jar: CookieJar;
@@ -197,35 +197,35 @@ export const twitterGot = async (
             logger.debug(`twitter debug: twitter rate limit exceeded for token ${auth.token} with status ${response.status}`);
             await cache.set(`${lockPrefix}${auth.token}`, '1', 2000);
         } else if (response.status === 403 || response.status === 401) {
-            const newCookie = await login({
-                username: auth.username,
-                password: auth.password,
-                authenticationSecret: auth.authenticationSecret,
-            });
-            if (newCookie) {
-                logger.debug(`twitter debug: reset twitter cookie for token ${auth.token}, ${newCookie}`);
-                await cache.set(`twitter:cookie:${auth.token}`, newCookie, config.cache.contentExpire);
-                await cache.set(`${lockPrefix}${auth.token}`, '', 1);
-            } else {
-                const tokenIndex = config.twitter.authToken?.indexOf(auth.token);
-                if (tokenIndex !== undefined && tokenIndex !== -1) {
-                    config.twitter.authToken?.splice(tokenIndex, 1);
-                }
-                if (auth.username) {
-                    const usernameIndex = config.twitter.username?.indexOf(auth.username);
-                    if (usernameIndex !== undefined && usernameIndex !== -1) {
-                        config.twitter.username?.splice(usernameIndex, 1);
-                    }
-                }
-                if (auth.password) {
-                    const passwordIndex = config.twitter.password?.indexOf(auth.password);
-                    if (passwordIndex !== undefined && passwordIndex !== -1) {
-                        config.twitter.password?.splice(passwordIndex, 1);
-                    }
-                }
-                logger.debug(`twitter debug: delete twitter cookie for token ${auth.token} with status ${response.status}, remaining tokens: ${config.twitter.authToken?.length}`);
-                await cache.set(`${lockPrefix}${auth.token}`, '1', 3600);
+            // const newCookie = await login({
+            //     username: auth.username,
+            //     password: auth.password,
+            //     authenticationSecret: auth.authenticationSecret,
+            // });
+            // if (newCookie) {
+            //     logger.debug(`twitter debug: reset twitter cookie for token ${auth.token}, ${newCookie}`);
+            //     await cache.set(`twitter:cookie:${auth.token}`, newCookie, config.cache.contentExpire);
+            //     await cache.set(`${lockPrefix}${auth.token}`, '', 1);
+            // } else {
+            const tokenIndex = config.twitter.authToken?.indexOf(auth.token);
+            if (tokenIndex !== undefined && tokenIndex !== -1) {
+                config.twitter.authToken?.splice(tokenIndex, 1);
             }
+            // if (auth.username) {
+            //     const usernameIndex = config.twitter.username?.indexOf(auth.username);
+            //     if (usernameIndex !== undefined && usernameIndex !== -1) {
+            //         config.twitter.username?.splice(usernameIndex, 1);
+            //     }
+            // }
+            // if (auth.password) {
+            //     const passwordIndex = config.twitter.password?.indexOf(auth.password);
+            //     if (passwordIndex !== undefined && passwordIndex !== -1) {
+            //         config.twitter.password?.splice(passwordIndex, 1);
+            //     }
+            // }
+            logger.debug(`twitter debug: delete twitter cookie for token ${auth.token} with status ${response.status}, remaining tokens: ${config.twitter.authToken?.length}`);
+            await cache.set(`${lockPrefix}${auth.token}`, '1', 3600);
+            // }
         } else {
             logger.debug(`twitter debug: unlock twitter cookie with success for token ${auth.token}`);
             await cache.set(`${lockPrefix}${auth.token}`, '', 1);
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/home-latest.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/home-latest.ts
index 6a0ff63751..1c5fd815da 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/home-latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/home-latest.ts
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: 'https://x.com/home',
         // description: userInfo?.description,
         item: utils.ProcessFeed(ctx, {
-            data,
+            data: data as any[],
         }),
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/home.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/home.ts
index c4f1a94e3c..560ceda2bc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/home.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/home.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import api from './api';
 import utils from './utils';
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: 'https://x.com/home',
         // description: userInfo?.description,
         item: utils.ProcessFeed(ctx, {
-            data,
-        }),
+            data: data as any,
+        }) as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/keyword.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/keyword.ts
index 40ab7438bb..e205854a15 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/keyword.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/keyword.ts
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `Twitter Keyword - ${keyword}`,
         link: `https://x.com/search?q=${encodeURIComponent(keyword)}`,
         item: utils.ProcessFeed(ctx, {
-            data,
+            data: data as any,
         }),
         allowEmpty: true,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/likes.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/likes.ts
index d2dde8672f..a99f17df71 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/likes.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/likes.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `Twitter Likes - ${id}`,
         link: `https://x.com/${id}/likes`,
         item: utils.ProcessFeed(ctx, {
-            data,
+            data: data as any[],
         }),
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/list.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/list.ts
index 9d71f96366..8b22037ddb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/list.ts
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const params = count ? { count } : {};
 
     await api.init();
-    let data = await api.getList(id, params);
+    let data: any = await api.getList(id, params);
     if (!include_rts) {
         data = utils.excludeRetweet(data);
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/tweet.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/tweet.ts
index f50fec964a..f4db533071 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/tweet.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/tweet.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { fallback, queryToBoolean } from '@/utils/readable-social';
 
 import api from './api';
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     await api.init();
     const userInfo = await api.getUser(id);
     const data = await api.getUserTweet(id, params);
-    const profileImageUrl = userInfo.profile_image_url || userInfo.profile_image_url_https;
-    const item = original && config.isPackage ? data : utils.ProcessFeed(ctx, { data });
+    const profileImageUrl = userInfo!.profile_image_url || userInfo!.profile_image_url_https;
+    const item = original && config.isPackage ? data : utils.ProcessFeed(ctx, { data: data as any });
 
     return {
-        title: `Twitter @${userInfo.name}`,
-        link: `https://x.com/${userInfo.screen_name}/status/${status}`,
+        title: `Twitter @${userInfo!.name}`,
+        link: `https://x.com/${userInfo!.screen_name}/status/${status}`,
         image: profileImageUrl.replace(/_normal.jpg$/, '.jpg'),
-        description: userInfo.description,
-        item,
+        description: userInfo!.description,
+        item: item as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/utils.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/utils.ts
index 609bd0c009..c0cdff407b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/utils.ts
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ const formatText = (item) => {
     return text.trim().replaceAll('\n', '<br>');
 };
 
-const ProcessFeed = (ctx, { data = [] }, params = {}) => {
+const ProcessFeed = (ctx, { data = [] as any[] }, params = {} as Record<string, any>) => {
     // undefined and strings like "exclude_rts_replies" is also safely parsed, so no if branch is needed
     const routeParams = new URLSearchParams(ctx.req.param('routeParams'));
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (ctx, { data = [] }, params = {}) => {
 
     const formatVideo = (media, extraAttrs = '') => {
         let content = '';
-        let bestVideo = null;
+        let bestVideo: any = null;
 
         for (const item of media.video_info.variants) {
             if (!bestVideo || (item.bitrate || 0) > (bestVideo.bitrate || -Infinity)) {
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = (ctx, { data = [] }, params = {}) => {
 
         description += item.full_text;
         // 从 description 提取 话题作为 category，放在此处是为了避免 匹配到 quote 中的 # 80808030 颜色字符
-        const category = description.match(/(\s)?(#[^\s;<]+)/g)?.map((e) => e?.match(/#([^\s<]+)/)?.[1]);
+        const category = description.match(/(\s)?(#[^\s;<]+)/g)?.map((e) => e?.match(/#([^\s<]+)/)?.[1]) as string[] | undefined;
         description += img;
         description += quote;
         if (readable) {
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ const parseRouteParams = (routeParams) => {
 
         default: {
             const parsed = new URLSearchParams(routeParams);
-            count = fallback(undefined, queryToInteger(parsed.get('count')));
+            count = fallback(undefined, queryToInteger(parsed.get('count')), undefined);
             include_replies = fallback(undefined, queryToBoolean(parsed.get('includeReplies')), false);
             include_rts = fallback(undefined, queryToBoolean(parsed.get('includeRts')), true);
             force_web_api = fallback(undefined, queryToBoolean(parsed.get('forceWebApi')), false);
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ const parseRouteParams = (routeParams) => {
 };
 
 export const excludeRetweet = function (tweets) {
-    const excluded = [];
+    const excluded: any[] = [];
     for (const t of tweets) {
         if (t.retweeted_status) {
             continue;
@@ -503,6 +503,8 @@ export const keepOnlyMedia = function (tweets) {
     return excluded;
 };
 
+export const getTwitterUserCacheKey = (id: string, operationName: string, params: Record<string, unknown> | undefined) => `twitter:${id}:${operationName}:${JSON.stringify(params)}`;
+
 export default {
     ProcessFeed,
     parseRouteParams,
diff --git a/lib/routes/twreporter/fetch-article.ts b/lib/routes/twreporter/fetch-article.ts
index 3813ab168b..5e32e60711 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twreporter/fetch-article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twreporter/fetch-article.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
 import { renderImage } from './templates/image';
 import { renderYouTube } from './templates/youtube';
 
-export default async function fetch(slug: string) {
+export default async function fetch(slug: string): Promise<DataItem> {
     const url = `https://go-api.twreporter.org/v2/posts/${slug}?full=true`;
     const res = await ofetch(url);
     const post = res.data;
@@ -106,5 +107,6 @@ export default async function fetch(slug: string) {
         link: `https://www.twreporter.org/a/${slug}`,
         guid: `https://www.twreporter.org/a/${slug}`,
         pubDate: parseDate(time, 'YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ssZ'),
+        title: '',
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/txrjy/fornumtopic.tsx b/lib/routes/txrjy/fornumtopic.tsx
index 3f43db7c42..042e9d758e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/txrjy/fornumtopic.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/txrjy/fornumtopic.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('tbody > tr')
         .slice(0, 25)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             title: $(item).find('td.title2').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('td.title2 > a').attr('href'), rootUrl).href,
+            link: new URL($(item).find('td.title2 > a').attr('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             author: $(item).find('td.author').text(),
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(item).find('td.dateline').text(), 'YYYY-M-D HH:mm'), 8),
             category: $(item).find('td.forum').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/tynu/tynu.ts b/lib/routes/tynu/tynu.ts
index 735beb8a8c..d7f6b0caf1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tynu/tynu.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tynu/tynu.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(data);
     const list = $('.news_content_list')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find($('a')).attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.content_list_time').text(), 'YYYYMM-DD'),
+                title: $item.find('h3').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find($('a')).attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.content_list_time').text(), 'YYYYMM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/typeless/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/typeless/changelog.ts
index a6551924a9..5ecc40735e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/typeless/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/typeless/changelog.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import zlib from 'node:zlib';
+import { promisify } from 'node:util';
+import { gunzip as gunzipCallback } from 'node:zlib';
 
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import markdownit from 'markdown-it';
@@ -8,6 +9,8 @@ import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
+const gunzip = promisify(gunzipCallback);
+
 const md = markdownit({
     breaks: true,
     html: true,
@@ -42,16 +45,16 @@ async function handler() {
             const nextData = JSON.parse($('#__NEXT_DATA__').text());
             const pageProps = nextData.props.pageProps;
 
-            return cache.tryGet(`typeless:changelog:${platform}:${pageProps.updatedAt}`, () => {
+            return cache.tryGet<{ appPlatform: string; decompressedData: any[] }>(`typeless:changelog:${platform}:${pageProps.updatedAt}`, async () => {
                 const compressedData = pageProps.compressedData;
 
                 const decodedString = Buffer.from(compressedData, 'base64');
-                const decompressed = zlib.gunzipSync(decodedString).toString('utf-8');
-                const changelogData = JSON.parse(decompressed);
+                const decompressed = await gunzip(decodedString);
+                const changelogData = JSON.parse(decompressed.toString('utf-8'));
 
                 return {
                     appPlatform: pageProps.platform,
-                    decompressedData: Object.values(changelogData).map((item) => item.en),
+                    decompressedData: Object.values<any>(changelogData),
                 };
             });
         })
diff --git a/lib/routes/typora/changelog-dev.ts b/lib/routes/typora/changelog-dev.ts
index d93afcf226..98e2da8f25 100644
--- a/lib/routes/typora/changelog-dev.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/typora/changelog-dev.ts
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $('h2')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${currentUrl}#${item.text()}`,
-                description: item
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${currentUrl}#${$item.text()}`,
+                description: $item
                     .nextUntil('h2')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((item) => $(item).html())
diff --git a/lib/routes/typora/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/typora/changelog.ts
index c6f7c23dff..efbbe182fa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/typora/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/typora/changelog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const { data } = await got(`${host}/store/`);
 
-    const list = Object.values(data)
+    const list = Object.values<{ category: string; title: string; author: string; content: DataItem['description']; url: string }>(data)
         .filter((i) => i.category === 'new')
-        .map((i) => ({
+        .map((i): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
             title: i.title,
             author: i.author,
             description: i.content,
diff --git a/lib/routes/u3c3/index.ts b/lib/routes/u3c3/index.ts
index 49814910be..2cfb37c22a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/u3c3/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/u3c3/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -63,12 +63,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         // category-nav rows (href="/?type=…") and external ad rows (href="http://…",
         // e.g. the "國產原创" entries). Real torrent rows always link to /view.
         .filter((el) => $(el).find('td:nth-of-type(2) > a').attr('href')?.startsWith('/view'))
-        .map((el) => {
+        .map((el): DataItem & { link: string } => {
             const item = $(el);
             const a = item.find('td:nth-of-type(2) > a');
             const guid = rootURL + a.attr('href');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 guid,
                 link: guid,
                 pubDate: item.find('td:nth-of-type(5)').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/u9a9/index.ts b/lib/routes/u9a9/index.ts
index 1700eb8caa..8f6888acca 100644
--- a/lib/routes/u9a9/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/u9a9/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,21 +42,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('table tr')
         .slice(1) // skip thead
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('td').eq(1).find('a');
-            const { size, unit } = item
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('td').eq(1).find('a');
+            const { size, unit } = $item
                 .find('td')
                 .eq(3)
                 .text()
-                .match(/(?<size>\d+\.\d+)\s(?<unit>\w+)/).groups;
+                .match(/(?<size>\d+\.\d+)\s(?<unit>\w+)/)!.groups as any;
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
                 link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('td').eq(4).text()), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('td').eq(4).text()), 8),
 
-                enclosure_url: item.find('td').eq(2).find('a').eq(1).attr('href'),
-                enclosure_length: Number.parseInt(size * (unit === 'GB' ? 1024 * 1024 * 1024 : 1024 * 1024)),
+                enclosure_url: $item.find('td').eq(2).find('a').eq(1).attr('href'),
+                enclosure_length: Number.parseInt((size * (unit === 'GB' ? 1024 * 1024 * 1024 : 1024 * 1024)) as unknown as string),
                 enclosure_type: 'application/x-bittorrent',
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/ucas/ai.ts b/lib/routes/ucas/ai.ts
index 8f09115399..4362785df5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ucas/ai.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ucas/ai.ts
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
                     link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.m-date').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.m-date').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/ucas/index.ts b/lib/routes/ucas/index.ts
index bf8c78e05f..c924478050 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ucas/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ucas/index.ts
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const descDeadline = pageContent('#col1_content > div.content_head > div.top').html();
                 const descContent = pageContent('#col1_content > div.entry').html();
-                const desc = descDeadline + descContent;
+                const desc = descDeadline! + descContent!;
                 return desc;
             });
 
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 link,
                 pubDate,
                 description: desc,
diff --git a/lib/routes/uchicago/current.ts b/lib/routes/uchicago/current.ts
index 1dc5523769..dba2ab036c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uchicago/current.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uchicago/current.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -52,7 +52,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.issue-item__title')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({ link: `${baseUrl}${$(item).find('a').attr('href')}` }));
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => ({
+            link: `${baseUrl}${$(item).find('a').attr('href')}`,
+            title: '',
+        }));
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
@@ -74,7 +77,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 item.title = $('head title').text();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate($('head meta[name="dc.Date"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate($('head meta[name="dc.Date"]').attr('content')!);
                 item.doi = $('head meta[scheme="doi"]').attr('content');
                 item.author = $('.author-name span')
                     .toArray()
@@ -105,6 +108,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link,
         image: $('head meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         item: items,
-        language: $('html').attr('lang'),
+        language: $('html').attr('lang') as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/udn/breaking-news.tsx b/lib/routes/udn/breaking-news.tsx
index 85e370b0c7..775a872861 100644
--- a/lib/routes/udn/breaking-news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/udn/breaking-news.tsx
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = await Promise.all(
         response.data.lists.map((item) => {
             let link = item.titleLink.startsWith('http') ? item.titleLink : `${rootUrl}${item.titleLink}`;
-            const linkUrl = new URL(link);
+            const linkUrl = new URL(link) as URL & { query: string };
             // cleanup query paramter
             linkUrl.query = linkUrl.search = '';
             link = linkUrl.href;
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 if (data.publisher.name.includes('轉角國際 udn Global')) {
                     // 轉角24小時
                     description = $('.story_body_content')
-                        .html()
+                        .html()!
                         .split(/<!--\d+-->/g)
                         .slice(1, -1)
                         .join('');
@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@ const getLinkName = async (link) => {
         const data = $('.cate-list__subheader a')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                return [item.attr('href'), item.text().trim()];
+                const $item = $(item);
+                return [$item.attr('href'), $item.text().trim()];
             });
         return Object.fromEntries(data);
     });
diff --git a/lib/routes/udn/global/index.ts b/lib/routes/udn/global/index.ts
index 09798ea190..4a1c56ee53 100644
--- a/lib/routes/udn/global/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/udn/global/index.ts
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
                 const a = $(item);
-                const rawLink = a.attr('href').split('?', 1)[0];
+                const rawLink = a.attr('href')!.split('?', 1)[0];
                 return {
                     title: config.titleExtractor(a),
                     link: rawLink.startsWith('http') ? rawLink : `${rootUrl}${rawLink}`,
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
                 item.author = content('.article-content__authors .article-content__authors-name').text();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!), 8);
 
                 const mainImage = content('.article-content__focus').html();
                 const articleBodyHtml = content('.article-content__editor')
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     .join('');
 
                 item.description = mainImage + articleBodyHtml;
-                item.category = content('meta[name="news_keywords"]').attr('content').split(',');
+                item.category = content('meta[name="news_keywords"]').attr('content')!.split(',');
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/uestc/bbs.ts b/lib/routes/uestc/bbs.ts
index 2cd026e095..a7a90176d9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uestc/bbs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uestc/bbs.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
                 authorization: bbsAuthStr,
             },
         });
-        const itemsRaw = Object.entries(data.data.top_list).flatMap(([label, items]) => items.map((item) => ({ ...item, label })));
+        const itemsRaw = Object.entries<Array<Record<string, any>>>(data.data.top_list).flatMap(([label, items]) => items.map((item) => ({ ...item, label }) as Record<string, any>));
         const items = await Promise.all(
             itemsRaw.map((item) =>
                 cache.tryGet(`https://bbs.uestc.edu.cn/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=${item.thread_id}`, async () => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/uestc/cqe.ts b/lib/routes/uestc/cqe.ts
index ab9220c8ac..9e47034cd4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uestc/cqe.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uestc/cqe.ts
@@ -71,13 +71,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const out = $(items)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const newsTitle = item.find('a').attr('title');
-            const newsLink = baseUrl + item.find('a').attr('href').slice(3);
-            const newsPubDate = parseDate(item.find('span').text().slice(1, -1));
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const newsTitle = $item.find('a').attr('title');
+            const newsLink = baseUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href')!.slice(3);
+            const newsPubDate = parseDate($item.find('span').text().slice(1, -1));
 
             return {
-                title: newsTitle,
+                title: newsTitle!,
                 link: newsLink,
                 pubDate: newsPubDate,
             };
diff --git a/lib/routes/uestc/news.ts b/lib/routes/uestc/news.ts
index 60335e9305..c6ef0d0272 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uestc/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uestc/news.ts
@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const out = $(items)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const newsTitle = item.find('a').text().trim();
-            const newsLink = baseUrl + item.find('a').attr('href');
-            const newsDate = parseDate(item.find('div.date-box-sm').text().replace(dateRegex, '$1-$2-$3'));
-            const newsDescription = item.find('div.content').text().trim().replace('&nbsp;', '');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const newsTitle = $item.find('a').text().trim();
+            const newsLink = baseUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const newsDate = parseDate($item.find('div.date-box-sm').text().replace(dateRegex, '$1-$2-$3'));
+            const newsDescription = $item.find('div.content').text().trim().replace('&nbsp;', '');
 
             return {
                 title: newsTitle,
diff --git a/lib/routes/uestc/scse.ts b/lib/routes/uestc/scse.ts
index aabc632f2e..6eae402ca2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uestc/scse.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uestc/scse.ts
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const iList = $('.s2-lswitch .i-list');
     let firstFlag = true;
-    const items = [];
+    const items: any[] = [];
     iList.each((_, element) => {
         if (firstFlag) {
             firstFlag = false;
@@ -77,19 +77,19 @@ async function handler() {
     const out = $(items)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             const now = dayjs();
-            let date = dayjs(now.year() + '-' + item.find('a span').text());
+            let date = dayjs(now.year() + '-' + $item.find('a span').text());
             if (now < date) {
-                date = dayjs(now.year() - 1 + '-' + item.find('a span').text());
+                date = dayjs(now.year() - 1 + '-' + $item.find('a span').text());
             }
-            let newsTitle = item
+            let newsTitle = $item
                 .find('a[href]')
                 .contents()
                 .filter((index, element) => element.nodeType === 3)
                 .text();
-            const newsLink = host + item.find('a[href]').attr('href');
-            const newsPubDate = parseDate(date);
+            const newsLink = host + $item.find('a[href]').attr('href');
+            const newsPubDate = parseDate(date.toDate());
 
             let prefix = '【其他】';
             for (const code in prefixes) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/uestc/sice.ts b/lib/routes/uestc/sice.ts
index 7aadfc96f6..3297a8e571 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uestc/sice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uestc/sice.ts
@@ -50,17 +50,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const out = $('.notice p')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             const now = dayjs();
-            let date = dayjs(now.year() + '-' + item.find('a.date').text());
+            let date = dayjs(now.year() + '-' + $item.find('a.date').text());
             if (now < date) {
-                date = dayjs(now.year() - 1 + '-' + item.find('a.date').text());
+                date = dayjs(now.year() - 1 + '-' + $item.find('a.date').text());
             }
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('a[href]').text(),
-                link: host + item.find('a[href]').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(date),
+                title: $item.find('a[href]').text(),
+                link: host + $item.find('a[href]').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate(date.toDate()),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/uestc/sise.ts b/lib/routes/uestc/sise.ts
index 8209fe3670..0d9407cb41 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uestc/sise.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uestc/sise.ts
@@ -86,15 +86,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const out = $(items)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             const now = dayjs();
-            let date = dayjs(now.year() + '-' + item.find('span').text().replace('/', '-'));
+            let date = dayjs(now.year() + '-' + $item.find('span').text().replace('/', '-'));
             if (now < date) {
-                date = dayjs(now.year() - 1 + '-' + item.find('span').text().replace('/', '-'));
+                date = dayjs(now.year() - 1 + '-' + $item.find('span').text().replace('/', '-'));
             }
-            const newsTitle = item.find('a').text().replace('&amp;', '').trim();
-            const newsLink = baseUrl + item.find('a').attr('href');
-            const newsPubDate = parseDate(date);
+            const newsTitle = $item.find('a').text().replace('&amp;', '').trim();
+            const newsLink = baseUrl + $item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const newsPubDate = parseDate(date.toDate());
 
             return {
                 title: newsTitle,
diff --git a/lib/routes/uibe/hr.ts b/lib/routes/uibe/hr.ts
index 8ab0c459e4..d71522fbd0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uibe/hr.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uibe/hr.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('.lawul, .longul')
         .find('li a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('p').text(),
-                link: `${currentUrl}/${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('p').text(),
+                link: `${currentUrl}/${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ulapia/index.ts b/lib/routes/ulapia/index.ts
index 9b9bf1e60e..288b4a3eea 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ulapia/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ulapia/index.ts
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             title: `${$(item).find('strong').text()}  ${$(item).find('h5.mb-1').text()}`,
             author: $(item).find('div.col.p-8.d-flex.px-3.py-3.flex-column.position-static > div:nth-child(4) > span:nth-child(2)').text(),
             link: $(item).find('h5.mb-1 > a').attr('href'),
-            description: `<img src="${$(item).find('img').attr('src').split('!', 1)[0]}">`,
+            description: `<img src="${$(item).find('img').attr('src')!.split('!', 1)[0]}">`,
             pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('div.mb-0.text-muted').last().text().split(':', 2)[1], 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
         }));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ulapia/research.ts b/lib/routes/ulapia/research.ts
index 896ac3a7cd..d5cd23e498 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ulapia/research.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ulapia/research.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler() {
                         title: `${$(item).find('strong').text()}  ${$(item).find('h5.mb-1').text()}`,
                         author: $(item).find('div.col.p-8.d-flex.px-3.py-3.flex-column.position-static > div:nth-child(4) > span:nth-child(2)').text(),
                         link: $(item).find('h5.mb-1 > a').attr('href'),
-                        description: `<img src="${$(item).find('img').attr('src').split('!', 1)[0]}">`,
+                        description: `<img src="${$(item).find('img').attr('src')!.split('!', 1)[0]}">`,
                         pubDate: parseDate($(item).find('div.mb-0.text-muted').last().text().split(':', 2)[1], 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
                     }));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/unipd/ilbolive/news.ts b/lib/routes/unipd/ilbolive/news.ts
index 14810f9432..cece17bf15 100644
--- a/lib/routes/unipd/ilbolive/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/unipd/ilbolive/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -96,6 +96,6 @@ async function handler() {
         title: 'Il Bo Live - News',
         link: homeUrl,
         item: finalItems,
-        language: 'it',
+        language: 'it' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/unusualwhales/news.ts b/lib/routes/unusualwhales/news.ts
index 9ed0755bf8..5a032f763e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/unusualwhales/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/unusualwhales/news.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler() {
         description: 'Explore unusual options, options flow, dark pools, short activity, and stock activity on unusualwhales.com. Unusual whales has a full news service available!',
         link: 'https://unusualwhales.com/news-feed',
         image: 'https://unusualwhales.com/android-icon-192x192.png',
-        language: 'en-US',
+        language: 'en-us' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/upc/jsj.ts b/lib/routes/upc/jsj.ts
index 7531958580..696ddd1d4b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/upc/jsj.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/upc/jsj.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 // 计算机科学与技术学院：http://computer.upc.edu.cn/
 // - 学院新闻：http://computer.upc.edu.cn/6277/list.htm
@@ -59,21 +59,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // ## 获取列表
     const list = $('.list tbody table tr')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             const link = a.attr('href');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `${baseUrl}${link}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div[style]').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${baseUrl}${link}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div[style]').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
     // ## 定义输出的item
     const out = await Promise.all(
         // ### 遍历列表，筛选出自己想要的内容
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 // 获取详情页面的介绍
                 const detail_response = await got({
                     method: 'get',
diff --git a/lib/routes/upc/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/upc/jwc.ts
index f0c2702666..58cf85ea18 100644
--- a/lib/routes/upc/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/upc/jwc.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // 导入必要的模组
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -18,19 +18,19 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
         // 使用“toArray()”方法将选择的所有 DOM 元素以数组的形式返回。
         .toArray()
         // 使用“map()”方法遍历数组，并从每个元素中解析需要的数据。
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             let linkStr = a.attr('href');
             // 改为https访问并补全站内链接
-            linkStr = linkStr.replace('http://', 'https://');
-            if (!a.attr('href').startsWith('https://')) {
+            linkStr = linkStr!.replace('http://', 'https://');
+            if (!a.attr('href')!.startsWith('https://')) {
                 linkStr = `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`;
             }
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: linkStr,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.news_meta').text()), 8), // 添加发布日期查询
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.news_meta').text()), 8), // 添加发布日期查询
             };
         });
 
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
 
                     if (item.link.includes('news.upc.edu.cn')) {
                         item.description = $('.v_news_content').html();
-                        item.author = $('.nr-zz h2').html();
+                        item.author = $('.nr-zz h2').html() ?? undefined;
                     } else if (item.link.includes('app.upc.edu.cn')) {
                         const scriptContent = $('body script').first().html();
-                        let dataObj = null;
+                        let dataObj: Record<string, any> | null = null;
                         if (scriptContent) {
                             const match = scriptContent.match(/data\s*:\s*function\s*\(\)\s*\{\s*return\s*\{[^}]*data\s*:\s*(\{[\s\S]*?\})/);
                             if (match && match[1]) {
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
                                 dataObj = JSON.parse(dataStr);
                             }
                         }
-                        item.description = dataObj.content;
-                        item.author = dataObj.author;
+                        item.description = dataObj!.content;
+                        item.author = dataObj!.author;
                     } else {
                         // 选择类名为“comment-body”的第一个元素
                         item.description = $('.read').first().html() || '无法获取正文内容，请手动访问';
-                        item.author = $('.arti_publisher').html();
+                        item.author = $('.arti_publisher').html() ?? undefined;
                     }
                 } catch {
                     item.description = '正文内容获取失败';
diff --git a/lib/routes/upc/main.ts b/lib/routes/upc/main.ts
index e19ebeb771..4433da431b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/upc/main.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/upc/main.ts
@@ -52,22 +52,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.main-list-box-left li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('.li-right-bt a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('.li-right-bt a');
             const link = a.attr('href');
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                description: item.find('.li-right-zy a').text(),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : `${baseUrl}/${link}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.li-left').text(), 'DDYYYY-MM'),
+                description: $item.find('.li-right-zy a').text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : `${baseUrl}/${link}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.li-left').text(), 'DDYYYY-MM'),
             };
         });
     // ## 定义输出的item
     const out = await Promise.all(
         // ### 遍历列表，筛选出自己想要的内容
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (!item.link.startsWith(`${baseUrl}/`) || item.link.includes('content.jsp')) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (!item.link!.startsWith(`${baseUrl}/`) || item.link!.includes('content.jsp')) {
                     return item;
                 }
                 // 获取详情页面的介绍
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const detailContent = $('.v_news_content').html();
                 // ### 设置 RSS feed item
                 // author,
-                item.description = detailContent;
+                item.description = detailContent ?? '';
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate($('.nr-xinxi i').first().text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss'), 8);
                 // // ### 设置缓存
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/upc/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/upc/yjs.ts
index a59b1ed8be..008c5c79d4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/upc/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/upc/yjs.ts
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ async function handler() {
         item:
             list &&
             list.toArray().map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
                 return {
-                    title: a.attr('title'),
+                    title: a.attr('title')!,
                     link: `${baseUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.find('div[style]').text()),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($item.find('div[style]').text()),
                 };
             }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/uptimerobot/rss.tsx b/lib/routes/uptimerobot/rss.tsx
index ded0e77c9b..8a2deedc7d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uptimerobot/rss.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/uptimerobot/rss.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import Parser from 'rss-parser';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { fallback, queryToBoolean } from '@/utils/readable-social';
 
 const titleRegex = /(.*\S)\s+is\s+([A-Z]+)\s+\((.+)\)/;
@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@ const formatTime = (s) => {
 };
 
 class Monitor {
+    name: string;
+    uptime: number;
+    downtime: number;
     constructor(name, uptime = 0, downtime = 0) {
         this.name = name;
         this.uptime = uptime;
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const monitors = {};
 
     const items = rss.items.toReversed().map((item) => {
-        const titleMatch = item.title.match(titleRegex);
+        const titleMatch = item.title!.match(titleRegex);
         if (!titleMatch) {
             throw new InvalidParameterError('Unexpected title, please open an issue.');
         }
@@ -177,7 +180,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: 'Uptime Robot - RSS (enhanced)',
         description: rss.description,
         link: rssUrl,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
         image: 'https://uptimerobot.com/favicon.ico',
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi-user.ts b/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi-user.ts
index 827d446d2b..a19c0e1fee 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi-user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi-user.ts
@@ -78,49 +78,49 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('#main-block .grid .grid-cell')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             // remove event and styles
-            item.find('*').removeAttr('onclick');
-            item.find('*').removeAttr('onerror');
-            item.find('*').removeAttr('style');
+            $item.find('*').removeAttr('onclick');
+            $item.find('*').removeAttr('onerror');
+            $item.find('*').removeAttr('style');
 
             // format account style
-            const account = item.find('.account-group-link-row');
+            const account = $item.find('.account-group-link-row');
             account.html(account.text());
 
             // extract video tag from its player
-            item.find('.plyr--video').each((_, player) => {
-                player = $(player);
+            $item.find('.plyr--video').each((_, player) => {
+                const $player = $(player);
 
-                const v = player.find('video');
-                player.replaceWith(v);
+                const v = $player.find('video');
+                $player.replaceWith(v);
                 v.attr('poster', 'https:' + v.attr('data-poster'));
                 v.find('source').attr('src', 'https:' + v.find('source').attr('src'));
             });
 
             // correct src of img tags
-            item.find('img').each((_, i) => {
-                i = $(i);
-                i.attr('src', 'https:' + i.attr('data-src').split('?resize', 1)[0]);
-                i.removeAttr('data-src');
+            $item.find('img').each((_, i) => {
+                const $i = $(i);
+                $i.attr('src', 'https:' + $i.attr('data-src')!.split('?resize', 1)[0]);
+                $i.removeAttr('data-src');
             });
 
-            const author = item.find('.account-group').text();
-            const categories = item
+            const author = $item.find('.account-group').text();
+            const categories = $item
                 .find('.hashtag-item .hashtag')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((c) => $(c).text().trim());
-            const link = item.find('.account-group-link-row').attr('href');
-            const date = parseDate(item.find('.profile-char').attr('datetime'));
-            const guid = item.find('a.tap-image').attr('data-tweet-id') || item.find('video[class^="js-player-"]').attr('data-tweet-id');
+            const link = $item.find('.account-group-link-row').attr('href');
+            const date = parseDate($item.find('.profile-char').attr('datetime')!);
+            const guid = $item.find('a.tap-image').attr('data-tweet-id') || $item.find('video[class^="js-player-"]').attr('data-tweet-id');
 
-            item.find('.grow-room').remove();
-            item.find('div.profile-group.mt10.prl2').eq(1).remove();
+            $item.find('.grow-room').remove();
+            $item.find('div.profile-group.mt10.prl2').eq(1).remove();
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.profile-text').text(),
-                description: item.html(),
+                title: $item.find('.profile-text').text(),
+                description: $item.html(),
                 link,
                 pubDate: date,
                 guid,
diff --git a/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi.ts b/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi.ts
index a4794d72b5..e30fc56eda 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import playwright from '@/utils/playwright';
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ async function handler() {
         await page.waitForSelector('#main-block .grid-cell');
 
         const bodyHandle = await page.$('body');
-        html = await page.evaluate((body) => body.getHTML(), bodyHandle);
+        html = await page.evaluate((body) => body!.getHTML(), bodyHandle);
     } catch {
         throw new Error('Access denied (403)');
     }
@@ -67,24 +67,24 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title,
         link,
-        item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        item: list.toArray().map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             // remove event and styles
-            item.find('*').removeAttr('onclick');
-            item.find('*').removeAttr('onerror');
-            item.find('*').removeAttr('style');
+            $item.find('*').removeAttr('onclick');
+            $item.find('*').removeAttr('onerror');
+            $item.find('*').removeAttr('style');
 
             // format account style
-            const account = item.find('.account-group-link-row');
+            const account = $item.find('.account-group-link-row');
             account.html(account.text());
 
             // extract video tag from its player
-            item.find('.plyr--video').each((_, player) => {
-                player = $(player);
+            $item.find('.plyr--video').each((_, player) => {
+                const $player = $(player);
 
-                const video = player.find('video');
-                player.replaceWith(video);
+                const video = $player.find('video');
+                $player.replaceWith(video);
                 const poster = video.attr('data-poster');
                 video.attr('poster', 'https:' + poster);
 
@@ -94,17 +94,17 @@ async function handler() {
             });
 
             // correct src of img tags
-            item.find('img').each((_, image) => {
+            $item.find('img').each((_, image) => {
                 const src = $(image).attr('data-src');
                 $(image).attr('src', 'https:' + src);
             });
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('.account-group').text() + ` - ${title}`,
-                description: item.html(),
-                link: item.find('.account-group-link-row').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.profile-char').attr('datetime')),
-                guid: item.find('a.tap-image').attr('data-tweet-id') || item.find('video[class^="js-player-"]').attr('data-tweet-id') || parseDate(item.find('.profile-char').attr('datetime')).getTime(),
+                title: $item.find('.account-group').text() + ` - ${title}`,
+                description: $item.html(),
+                link: $item.find('.account-group-link-row').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.profile-char').attr('datetime')!),
+                guid: $item.find('a.tap-image').attr('data-tweet-id') || $item.find('video[class^="js-player-"]').attr('data-tweet-id') || parseDate($item.find('.profile-char').attr('datetime')!).getTime().toString(),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/usenix/loginonline.ts b/lib/routes/usenix/loginonline.ts
index 2c88489414..6e6c9e063b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/usenix/loginonline.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/usenix/loginonline.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('div.views-row')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.views-field-title').text().trim(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.views-field-field-lv2-publication-date').text()),
-                author: item.find('.views-field-pseudo-author-list').text().trim().replace('Authors: ', ''),
+                title: $item.find('.views-field-title').text().trim(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.views-field-field-lv2-publication-date').text()),
+                author: $item.find('.views-field-pseudo-author-list').text().trim().replace('Authors: ', ''),
             };
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 item.description = $('.group-article-body-wrapper').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/usenix/usenix.ts b/lib/routes/usenix/usenix.ts
index 1f0011890e..e8c3a0b0f9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/usenix/usenix.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/usenix/usenix.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -41,18 +41,18 @@ async function handler() {
     );
 
     const list = responses
-        .filter((r) => r.status === 'fulfilled' && r.value)
+        .filter((r): r is PromiseFulfilledResult<any> => r.status === 'fulfilled' && r.value)
         .flatMap((response) => {
             const $ = load(response.value);
-            const pubDate = parseDate($('meta[property=article:modified_time]').attr('content'));
+            const pubDate = parseDate($('meta[property=article:modified_time]').attr('content')!);
             return $('article.node-paper')
                 .toArray()
-                .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
+                .map((item): DataItem => {
+                    const $item = $(item);
                     return {
-                        title: item.find('h2.node-title > a').text().trim(),
-                        link: `${url}${item.find('h2.node-title > a').attr('href')}`,
-                        author: item.find('div.field.field-name-field-paper-people-text.field-type-text-long.field-label-hidden p').text(),
+                        title: $item.find('h2.node-title > a').text().trim(),
+                        link: `${url}${$item.find('h2.node-title > a').attr('href')}`,
+                        author: $item.find('div.field.field-name-field-paper-people-text.field-type-text-long.field-label-hidden p').text(),
                         pubDate,
                     };
                 });
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.allSettled(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 item.description = $('.content').html();
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustb/tj/news.ts b/lib/routes/ustb/tj/news.ts
index 2985035436..04f8a8d892 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustb/tj/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustb/tj/news.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ function getNews(data) {
         .toArray()
         .map((elem) => ({
             link: baseUrl + elem.attribs.href,
-            title: elem.children[0].data,
+            title: (elem.children[0] as Text).data,
             pubDate: timezone(parseDate(elem.attribs.href.split('/', 4)[3].split('.', 1)[0].slice(0, 14), 'YYYYMMDDHHmmss'), 8),
         }));
 }
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const responseData = {
         title: '北京科技大学天津学院新闻动态',
         link: baseUrl,
-        item: null,
+        item: undefined as any[] | undefined,
     };
 
     if (type === 'all') {
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustb/yjsy/news.ts b/lib/routes/ustb/yjsy/news.ts
index 8ef011d042..3aeaae86a3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustb/yjsy/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustb/yjsy/news.ts
@@ -434,11 +434,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: struct[type].link,
         description: '北京科技大学研究生院',
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             // logger.info("item:" + item);
 
             // time
-            let time = item.find($(struct[type].timeSelector.list)).text();
+            let time = $item.find($(struct[type].timeSelector.list)).text();
             let date;
             if (time !== '') {
                 if (time.includes('[')) {
@@ -449,20 +449,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             // logger.info("date:" + date);
 
             // link
-            let link = item.find($(struct[type].linkSelector.list)).attr('href');
+            let link = $item.find($(struct[type].linkSelector.list)).attr('href');
             if (link === undefined) {
-                link = item.attr('href');
+                link = $item.attr('href');
             }
             // logger.info("link:" + link);
 
             // title
-            let title = item
+            let title = $item
                 .find($(struct[type].titleSelector.list))
                 .contents()
                 .filter((_, node) => node.type === 'text')
                 .text();
             if (title === '') {
-                title = item.find($(struct[type].titleSelector.list)).text();
+                title = $item.find($(struct[type].titleSelector.list)).text();
             }
             // logger.info("title:" + title);
             // logger.info("=====");
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustb/yzxc/tzgg.ts b/lib/routes/ustb/yzxc/tzgg.ts
index 763ce0c0a7..27e9fe21af 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustb/yzxc/tzgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustb/yzxc/tzgg.ts
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ async function handler() {
             const titleText = titleDom.text();
             const path = titleDom.last().attr('href');
             let itemUrl = '';
-            if (path.startsWith('http')) {
-                itemUrl = path;
-            } else if (path.startsWith('..')) {
-                itemUrl = path.replaceAll('..', () => host);
+            if (path!.startsWith('http')) {
+                itemUrl = path!;
+            } else if (path!.startsWith('..')) {
+                itemUrl = path!.replaceAll('..', () => host);
             } else {
                 itemUrl = host + path;
             }
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 const result = await got(itemUrl);
                 const $ = load(result.data);
                 if ($('.article') && $('.article').html()) {
-                    description = $('.article').html().trim();
+                    description = $('.article').html()!.trim();
                 }
                 return {
                     title: titleText,
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/eeis.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/eeis.ts
index 3e44fbb35f..0701bda08e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/eeis.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/eeis.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -55,12 +55,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('div[portletmode=simpleList]')
         .find('article')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('h4 > a').eq(1).attr('title').trim();
-            let link = item.find('h4 > a').attr('href');
-            link = link.startsWith('/') ? host + link : link;
-            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(item.find('.post-date > time').text().replace('发布时间：', ''), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('h4 > a').eq(1).attr('title')!.trim();
+            let link = $item.find('h4 > a').attr('href');
+            link = link!.startsWith('/') ? host + link : link;
+            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($item.find('.post-date > time').text().replace('发布时间：', ''), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
             return {
                 title,
                 pubDate,
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
-                    const desc: string = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                    const desc = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
                     item.description = desc;
                 } catch {
                     // intranet only contents
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/gs.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/gs.ts
index 51d4e8480b..4d7dee6952 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/gs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/gs.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -55,11 +55,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('div.r-box > ul')
         .find('li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').text();
-            const link = item.find('a').attr('href').startsWith('/article') ? host + item.find('a').attr('href') : item.find('a').attr('href');
-            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').text();
+            const link = $item.find('a').attr('href')!.startsWith('/article') ? host + $item.find('a').attr('href') : $item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
             return {
                 title,
                 pubDate,
@@ -69,10 +69,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
-                    const desc: string = load(response.data)('article.article').html();
+                    const desc = load(response.data)('article.article').html();
                     item.description = desc;
                 } catch {
                     // intranet only contents
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/index.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/index.ts
index 248ff66b4c..75504eb034 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .toArray()
         .map((element) => {
             const child = $(element).children();
-            const info = {
-                title: $(child[1]).find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: $(child[1]).find('a').attr('href').startsWith('../') ? new URL($(child[1]).find('a').attr('href'), notice_type[type].url).href : $(child[1]).find('a').attr('href'),
+            const info: DataItem = {
+                title: $(child[1]).find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: $(child[1]).find('a').attr('href')!.startsWith('../') ? new URL($(child[1]).find('a').attr('href')!, notice_type[type].url).href : $(child[1]).find('a').attr('href'),
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(child[2]).text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             };
             return info;
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         items
             .filter((item) => item.link)
             .map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     try {
                         const response = await got(item.link);
                         const $ = load(response.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/jwc.ts
index 40dcb5b4a0..5cd60298cc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/jwc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .toArray()
         .map((element) => {
             const child = $(element).children();
-            const info = {
+            const info: DataItem = {
                 title: type === '' ? $(child[0]).find('a').text() + ' - ' + $(child[1]).find('a').text() : $(child[0]).find('a').text(),
                 link: type === '' ? $(child[1]).find('a').attr('href') : $(child[0]).find('a').attr('href'),
                 pubDate: timezone(parseDate($(element).find('.date').text().trim(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         items
             .filter((item) => item.link)
             .map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(response.data);
                     // www.teach ?? pms.cmet ?? news
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/math.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/math.ts
index e98f28f5c7..f9da9ccd5d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/math.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/math.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -57,15 +57,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('#wp_news_w6 > .wp_article_list > .list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const elem = $(item);
             const title = elem.find('.Article_Title > a').attr('title');
             let link = elem.find('.Article_Title > a').attr('href');
-            link = link.startsWith('/') ? host + link : link;
+            link = link!.startsWith('/') ? host + link : link;
             // Assume that the articles are published at 12:00 UTC+8
             const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(elem.find('.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), -4);
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 pubDate,
                 link,
             };
@@ -73,10 +73,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
-                    const desc: string = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                    const desc = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
                     item.description = desc;
                 } catch {
                     // Intranet only contents
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/scms.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/scms.ts
index eb6c2fd4e7..9b35e83a0a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/scms.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/scms.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -60,11 +60,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('#wp_news_w6 > .wp_article_list > .list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const elem = $(item);
-            const title = elem.find('.Article_Title > a').attr('title').trim();
+            const title = elem.find('.Article_Title > a').attr('title')!.trim();
             let link = elem.find('.Article_Title > a').attr('href');
-            link = link.startsWith('/') ? host + link : link;
+            link = link!.startsWith('/') ? host + link : link;
             // Assume that the articles are published at 12:00 UTC+8
             const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(elem.find('.Article_PublishDate').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), -4);
             return {
@@ -76,10 +76,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
-                    const desc: string = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                    const desc = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
                     item.description = desc;
                 } catch {
                     // Intranet only contents
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/sist.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/sist.ts
index a7db1e581e..660cbc9737 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/sist.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/sist.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('div[portletmode=simpleList]')
         .find('div.card')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('.card-title > a').attr('title');
-            let link = item.find('.card-title > a').attr('href');
-            link = link.startsWith('/') ? host + link : link;
-            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(item.find('time').text().replace('发布时间：', ''), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('.card-title > a').attr('title');
+            let link = $item.find('.card-title > a').attr('href');
+            link = link!.startsWith('/') ? host + link : link;
+            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').text().replace('发布时间：', ''), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8);
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 pubDate,
                 link,
             };
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
-                    const desc: string = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                    const desc = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
                     item.description = desc;
                 } catch {
                     // intranet only contents
diff --git a/lib/routes/usts/jwch.ts b/lib/routes/usts/jwch.ts
index 4ba1f0b2ac..c438ae1209 100644
--- a/lib/routes/usts/jwch.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/usts/jwch.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -38,19 +38,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const title = $('div.mainWrap.cleafix > div > div.right.fr > div.local.fl > h3').text();
     const list = $('div.list > ul > li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('a').text(),
-            link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href'), rootURL).href,
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('a').text(),
+                link: new URL($(item).find('a').attr('href')!, rootURL).href,
+            })
+        );
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                let author = null;
-                let pubDate = null;
+                let author: string | null = null;
+                let pubDate: string | null = null;
                 for (const item of content('div.content-title.fl > i').text().split('  ')) {
                     if (item.includes('作者：')) {
                         author = item.split('：', 2)[1];
@@ -61,8 +63,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
 
                 item.description = content('div#vsb_content').html();
-                item.author = author;
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(pubDate), 8);
+                item.author = author ?? undefined;
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(pubDate!), 8);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/uw/gix/news.ts b/lib/routes/uw/gix/news.ts
index 5c2364953a..ed8d541433 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uw/gix/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uw/gix/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -62,21 +62,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $(listSelector)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const content = item.find('header').find('h2').find('a');
-            const time = item.find('header').find('span.h4').text();
+        .map((item): DataItem & { time: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const content = $item.find('header').find('h2').find('a');
+            const time = $item.find('header').find('span.h4').text();
 
             return {
                 // title: content.text(),
                 time,
                 link: content.attr('href'),
+                title: '',
             };
         });
 
     const itemContent = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const descriptionResponse = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(descriptionResponse.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/v1tx/index.ts b/lib/routes/v1tx/index.ts
index 8acb0872e4..def0da189d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/v1tx/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/v1tx/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -28,17 +28,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('h2.entry-title a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/v2ex/tab.ts b/lib/routes/v2ex/tab.ts
index f679f6048a..bb0ab2c4b2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/v2ex/tab.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/v2ex/tab.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const links = $('span.item_title > a')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10)
-        .map((link) => `${host}${$(link).attr('href').replace(/#.*$/, '')}`);
+        .map((link) => `${host}${$(link).attr('href')!.replace(/#.*$/, '')}`);
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         links.map((link) =>
diff --git a/lib/routes/vertikal/latest.ts b/lib/routes/vertikal/latest.ts
index 144528bbad..788e881283 100644
--- a/lib/routes/vertikal/latest.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/vertikal/latest.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.grid__column')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const $item = $(item);
             return {
                 title: $item.find('.news-teaser__title').text(),
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 const content = $('.newsentry');
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
                 content.find('.newsentry__date, .newsentry__title, .lazyimage-placeholder, .newsentry__tags, .newsentry__share, .newsentry__comments, .newsentry__write-comment').remove();
 
-                item.description = content.html();
+                item.description = content.html() ?? '';
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/vimeo/category.ts b/lib/routes/vimeo/category.ts
index 7d19c8bdf1..8c22486a97 100644
--- a/lib/routes/vimeo/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/vimeo/category.ts
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let sortparams = '&direction=desc&sort=date';
     let feedtitle = category;
     if (staffpicks && staffpicks !== 'staffpicks') {
-        return;
+        return null;
     }
 
     if (staffpicks) {
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             url: feedlink + (staffpicks ? feedlinkstaffpicks : ''),
         });
         const description = load(response.data);
-        return description('meta[name="description"]').attr('content');
+        return description('meta[name="description"]').attr('content') ?? '';
     });
 
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/vimeo/channel.ts b/lib/routes/vimeo/channel.ts
index 8fd2baf825..bc96d5a366 100644
--- a/lib/routes/vimeo/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/vimeo/channel.ts
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const description = await Promise.all(
         list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = item.find('.more').attr('href');
-            return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = $item.find('.more').attr('href');
+            return cache.tryGet(link!, async () => {
                 const response2 = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: `https://vimeo.com${link}/description?breeze=1`,
@@ -79,17 +79,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${channel} | Vimeo channel`,
         link: url,
         item: list.toArray().map((item, index) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('.title a').text();
-            const author = item.find('.meta a').text();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('.title a').text();
+            const author = $item.find('.meta a').text();
             return {
                 title,
                 description: renderDescription({
-                    videoUrl: item.find('.more').attr('href'),
+                    videoUrl: $item.find('.more').attr('href')!,
                     vdescription: description[index] || '',
                 }),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('time').attr('datetime')),
-                link: `https://vimeo.com${item.find('.more').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('time').attr('datetime')!),
+                link: `https://vimeo.com${$item.find('.more').attr('href')}`,
                 author,
             };
         }),
diff --git a/lib/routes/vimeo/usr-videos.ts b/lib/routes/vimeo/usr-videos.ts
index f413d26ffc..1c8dd063ee 100644
--- a/lib/routes/vimeo/usr-videos.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/vimeo/usr-videos.ts
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         urlfilter = '';
     }
     if (!catword && cat && cat !== 'picks') {
-        return '';
+        return null;
     }
     const picked = cat && cat === 'picks';
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const vimeojs = picked ? contentresponse.data.data[0].videos.data : contentresponse.data.data;
 
     return {
-        title: `${profilesjs.name} ${catword ? cat.replace('|', '/') : ''} ${picked ? 'picks' : ''} | Vimeo `,
+        title: `${profilesjs.name} ${catword ? cat.replaceAll('|', '/') : ''} ${picked ? 'picks' : ''} | Vimeo `,
         link: profilesjs.link,
         description: profilesjs.bio,
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/visionias/utils.ts b/lib/routes/visionias/utils.ts
index 470745697c..b45747d634 100644
--- a/lib/routes/visionias/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/visionias/utils.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export async function extractNews(item, selector) {
                     .map((tag) => $$(tag).text());
                 const description = renderDescription({
                     heading: title,
-                    articleContent: htmlContent,
+                    articleContent: htmlContent ?? undefined,
                 });
                 return {
                     title: `${title} | ${heading}`,
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export async function extractNews(item, selector) {
             const htmlContent = extractArticle(mainGroup.html());
             const description = renderDescription({
                 heading,
-                articleContent: htmlContent,
+                articleContent: htmlContent ?? undefined,
             });
             return {
                 title: item.title,
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export async function extractNews(item, selector) {
             const htmlContent = extractArticle(mainDiv.html(), 'div.ck-content');
             const description = renderDescriptionSub({
                 heading: title,
-                articleContent: htmlContent,
+                articleContent: htmlContent ?? undefined,
             });
             return { description };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/vocus/utils.ts b/lib/routes/vocus/utils.ts
index 369c036dc9..ad00a264df 100644
--- a/lib/routes/vocus/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/vocus/utils.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ const ProcessFeed = (list) =>
 
                 const $ = load(article.content, null, false);
 
-                $('div.draft--imgNormal').each((_, elem) => (elem.name = 'figure'));
+                $('div.draft--imgNormal').each((_, elem) => {
+                    elem.name = 'figure';
+                });
                 $('.image-block-prerender').each((_, elem) => {
                     elem.name = 'img';
                     elem.attribs.src = elem.attribs['data-src'].split('?', 1)[0];
diff --git a/lib/routes/vom/featured.ts b/lib/routes/vom/featured.ts
index d561778f32..aabac620e2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/vom/featured.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/vom/featured.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,10 +44,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         ...new Set(
             $('#bigNewsSlide .item, #news_3 .item')
                 .toArray()
-                .map((item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
+                .map((item): DataItem => {
+                    const $item = $(item);
                     return {
-                        link: item.find('a').eq(0).attr('href'),
+                        link: $item.find('a').eq(0).attr('href'),
+                        title: '',
                     };
                 })
         ),
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: $('meta[name=description]').attr('content'),
+        title: $('meta[name=description]').attr('content')!,
         image: 'http://www.vom.mn/dist/images/vom-logo.png',
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/wabei/index.ts b/lib/routes/wabei/index.ts
index e24f500598..0374a6e751 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wabei/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wabei/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('.hot-news.visible-lg')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
             const elem = $(item);
             const title = elem.find('h4 a').text().trim();
             const link = elem.find('h4 a').attr('href');
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/wainao/topics.tsx b/lib/routes/wainao/topics.tsx
index 735a9d883f..5aafeee9c6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wainao/topics.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/wainao/topics.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/wallhaven/index.ts b/lib/routes/wallhaven/index.ts
index 54d399d442..5d65c38c84 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wallhaven/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wallhaven/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -47,17 +47,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('li > figure.thumb')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 24)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => ({
-            title: $(item).find('img.lazyload').attr('data-src').split('/').pop(),
-            description: $(item)
-                .html()
-                .match(/<img.*?>/)[0],
-            link: $(item).find('a.preview').attr('href'),
-        }));
+        .map(
+            (item): DataItem => ({
+                title: $(item).find('img.lazyload').attr('data-src')!.split('/').pop()!,
+                description: $(item)
+                    .html()!
+                    .match(/<img.*?>/)![0],
+                link: $(item).find('a.preview').attr('href'),
+            })
+        );
     if (needDetails) {
         items = await Promise.all(
             items.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const detailResponse = await got({
                         method: 'get',
                         url: item.link,
@@ -65,13 +67,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                     const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                    item.title = content('meta[name="title"]').attr('content');
+                    item.title = content('meta[name="title"]').attr('content')!;
                     item.author = content('.username').text();
-                    item.pubDate = parseDate(content('time').attr('datetime'));
+                    item.pubDate = parseDate(content('time').attr('datetime')!);
                     item.category = content('.tagname')
                         .toArray()
                         .map((tag) => content(tag).text());
-                    item.description = content('div.scrollbox').html();
+                    item.description = content('div.scrollbox').html() ?? '';
 
                     return item;
                 })
diff --git a/lib/routes/warthunder/news.tsx b/lib/routes/warthunder/news.tsx
index 0fee47ed83..25d6300a1b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/warthunder/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/warthunder/news.tsx
@@ -52,26 +52,26 @@ async function handler() {
     const pageFace = $('div.showcase__item.widget')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            let pubDate = parseDate(item.find('div.widget__content > ul > li.widget-meta__item.widget-meta__item--right').text(), 'D MMMM YYYY', 'en');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            let pubDate = parseDate($item.find('div.widget__content > ul > li.widget-meta__item.widget-meta__item--right').text(), 'D MMMM YYYY', 'en');
             pubDate = timezone(pubDate, 0);
-            const category = [];
-            if (item.find('div.widget__pin').length !== 0) {
+            const category: string[] = [];
+            if ($item.find('div.widget__pin').length !== 0) {
                 category.push('pinned');
             }
-            if (item.find('a.widget__decal').length !== 0) {
+            if ($item.find('a.widget__decal').length !== 0) {
                 category.push('decal');
             }
-            if (item.find('div.widget__badge').length !== 0) {
-                category.push(item.find('div.widget__badge').text());
+            if ($item.find('div.widget__badge').length !== 0) {
+                category.push($item.find('div.widget__badge').text());
             }
             return {
-                link: `https://warthunder.com${item.find('a.widget__link').attr('href')}`,
-                title: item.find('div.widget__content > div.widget__title').text(),
+                link: `https://warthunder.com${$item.find('a.widget__link').attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.find('div.widget__content > div.widget__title').text(),
                 pubDate,
                 description: renderDescription({
-                    description: item.find('div.widget__content > div.widget__comment').text(),
-                    imglink: item.find('div.widget__poster > img.widget__poster-media').attr('data-src'),
+                    description: $item.find('div.widget__content > div.widget__comment').text(),
+                    imglink: $item.find('div.widget__poster > img.widget__poster-media').attr('data-src'),
                 }),
                 category,
             };
diff --git a/lib/routes/washingtonpost/app.tsx b/lib/routes/washingtonpost/app.tsx
index 9f4e9ee9d2..bf302aa9ca 100644
--- a/lib/routes/washingtonpost/app.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/washingtonpost/app.tsx
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ import advancedFormat from 'dayjs/plugin/advancedFormat.js';
 import timezone from 'dayjs/plugin/timezone.js';
 import utc from 'dayjs/plugin/utc.js';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
+import type { FC } from 'hono/jsx';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
-import type { JSX } from 'hono/jsx/jsx-runtime';
 import { FetchError } from 'ofetch';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ For example, the category for <https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/investiga
 };
 
 function handleDuplicates(array) {
-    const objects = {};
+    const objects: Record<string, any> = {};
     for (const obj of array) {
         const existing = objects[obj.id];
         objects[obj.id] = existing ? Object.assign(existing, obj) : obj;
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         main.items[0].items
             .filter((item) => item.is_from_feed === true)
             .map((item) => {
-                const object = {
+                const object: DataItem = {
                     id: item.id,
                     title: item.headline.text,
                     link: item.link.url,
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const feed = handleDuplicates(list);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<any> => {
                 let response;
                 try {
                     response = await got(`https://rainbowapi-a.wpdigital.net/rainbow-data-service/rainbow/content-by-url.json?followLinks=false&url=${item.link}`, { headers });
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title,
         link,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
 
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ const renderDescription = (content): string =>
                 }
 
                 if (entry.type === 'title' && entry.subtype !== 'h1') {
-                    const TitleTag = (entry.subtype || 'h2') as keyof JSX.IntrinsicElements;
+                    const TitleTag = (entry.subtype || 'h2') as unknown as FC;
                     return <TitleTag key={`title-${index}`}>{entry.mime === 'text/html' ? raw(entry.content) : entry.content}</TitleTag>;
                 }
 
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ const renderDescription = (content): string =>
                     }
 
                     if (entry.subtype === 'subhead') {
-                        const SubheadTag = `h${entry.subhead_level || 4}` as keyof JSX.IntrinsicElements;
+                        const SubheadTag = `h${entry.subhead_level || 4}` as unknown as FC;
                         return (
                             <SubheadTag key={`subhead-${index}`}>
                                 {entry.mime === 'text/html' ? raw(entry.content) : entry.content}
diff --git a/lib/routes/wchscu/recruit.ts b/lib/routes/wchscu/recruit.ts
index b01dcc2742..4fa2bf5856 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wchscu/recruit.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wchscu/recruit.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ const handler = async () => {
     const $ = load(response);
     const list = $('div#datalist div.list div.item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('span.s1').text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.s2').text()),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.find('span.s1').text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.s2').text()),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/wdc/download.ts b/lib/routes/wdc/download.ts
index 08147a7bfc..4985ecf563 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wdc/download.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wdc/download.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             enclosure_url: $('#WD_hlDownloadFWSelected').attr('href'),
             pubDate: parseDate($('#WD_lblReleaseDateSelected').text(), 'D/M/YYYY'),
             description: $('.toggleInner')
-                .html()
+                .html()!
                 .replace(/style="color:White;"/, ''),
         },
     ];
diff --git a/lib/routes/wdfxw/bookfree.tsx b/lib/routes/wdfxw/bookfree.tsx
index 4d53bc793a..cd3e26cbf8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wdfxw/bookfree.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/wdfxw/bookfree.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.camWholeBoxUl li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('div.camLiTitleC a');
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 },
                 image,
                 banner: image,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 const title: string = $$('h1').text();
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     category: categories,
                     author: authors,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.xxxk_top img').attr('src'),
         author: $('div.xxxk_top img').attr('alt'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/web/utils.ts b/lib/routes/web/utils.ts
index 3bbdd911e7..728896c453 100644
--- a/lib/routes/web/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/web/utils.ts
@@ -34,17 +34,17 @@ type ArticleData = [
 ];
 
 export async function fetchItems(queryParam: string): Promise<DataItem[]> {
-    const res = await got<string>('https://web.dev/_d/dynamic_content', {
+    const res = await got('https://web.dev/_d/dynamic_content', {
         body: `[null,null,null, "${queryParam}",null,null,null,null,31,null,null,null,2]`,
         method: 'post',
     });
-    const data = JSON.parse(res.data.replace(/^[^[]*/, '')) as [ArticleData[], number];
+    const data = JSON.parse((res.data as string).replace(/^[^[]*/, '')) as [ArticleData[], number];
     const items = await Promise.all(
         data[0].map((item) => {
             const link = item[6];
-            return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
-                const { data: articleHtml } = await got.get<string>(link);
-                const $ = load(articleHtml);
+            return cache.tryGet(link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
+                const { data: articleHtml } = await got.get(link);
+                const $ = load(articleHtml as string);
                 const articleBody = $('.devsite-article-body');
                 articleBody.find('.wd-authors').remove();
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export async function fetchItems(queryParam: string): Promise<DataItem[]> {
                     description: articleBody.html(),
                     link,
                 };
-            }) as unknown as DataItem;
+            });
         })
     );
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/web3caff/index.ts b/lib/routes/web3caff/index.ts
index 2fa1d57bef..2380cc45bd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/web3caff/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/web3caff/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('.list-body')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('.list-title');
+            const a = $item.find('.list-title');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 item.category = content('a[rel="category tag"]')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((tag) => $(tag).text());
-                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate(content('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/webcatalog/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/webcatalog/changelog.ts
index 599ba756aa..4384573a7e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/webcatalog/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/webcatalog/changelog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -55,6 +55,6 @@ async function handler() {
         title: 'WebCatalog Changelog',
         link: url,
         item: items,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/wechat/announce.ts b/lib/routes/wechat/announce.ts
index c1cbc2c66d..fa7e2f6f40 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wechat/announce.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wechat/announce.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ async function handler() {
     });
 
     const $ = load(htmlString);
-    const announceList = [];
+    const announceList: any[] = [];
 
     $('.mp_news_list > .mp_news_item').each((_, el) => {
         const $item = $(el);
diff --git a/lib/routes/wechat/ce.ts b/lib/routes/wechat/ce.ts
index f0d49be732..4527234bd5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wechat/ce.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wechat/ce.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         feed.items.splice(0, 10).map((item) => {
             // generally speaking, changing `item.link` of an existing route could potentially break `item.guid`
             // but since the route has been down for at least 8 months, it's probably safe
-            item.link = item.link.replace(/^http:\/\//, 'https://');
+            item.link = item.link!.replace(/^http:\/\//, 'https://');
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                 const response = await got.get(item.link, {
                     headers: {
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const description = fixArticleContent($('.post'));
 
-                let pubDate = item.pubDate;
+                let pubDate: string | Date | undefined = item.pubDate;
                 if (!pubDate || pubDate === 'Invalid Date') {
                     // sometimes the pubDate is not available in the official feed
                     const postDate = $('.post-date')
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
 
                 return {
-                    title: item.title,
+                    title: item.title!,
                     description,
                     pubDate,
                     link: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/wechat/data258.ts b/lib/routes/wechat/data258.ts
index c544cb2055..0ad12c4b4b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wechat/data258.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wechat/data258.ts
@@ -116,17 +116,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 if (response.data.includes('今日浏览次数已达上限')) {
                     // !!! as long as cache hits, the link will not be crawled and consume the limit !!!
                     // !!! so that's not a big problem if the RSSHub instance is self-hosted !!!
-                    err = new got.RequestError(response.data, {}, response.request);
-                    return null;
+                    err = new (got as any).RequestError(response.data, {}, response.request);
+                    return '';
                 }
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 const jmpJS = $('script')
-                    .filter((_, e) => $(e).html().includes('location.href'))
+                    .filter((_, e) => $(e).html()!.includes('location.href'))
                     .html();
-                return jmpJS.match(/location\.href='([^']+)'/)[1];
+                return jmpJS!.match(/location\.href='([^']+)'/)![1];
             } catch (error) {
                 err = error;
-                return null;
+                return '';
             }
         });
         if (realLink) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/wechat/ershcimi.ts b/lib/routes/wechat/ershcimi.ts
index 939ac7cbed..3419e6ad06 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wechat/ershcimi.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wechat/ershcimi.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 title: $item('.weui_media_title a').text(),
                 description: $item('.weui_media_desc').text(),
                 link,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item('.weui_media_extra_info').attr('title')), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item('.weui_media_extra_info').attr('title')!), 8),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/wechat/feeddd.ts b/lib/routes/wechat/feeddd.ts
index 7885e2670f..cb5ae50447 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wechat/feeddd.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wechat/feeddd.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
     try {
         response = await got(apiUrl);
     } catch (error) {
-        if ((error.name === 'HTTPError' || error.name === 'FetchError') && error.response.statusCode === 404) {
+        if (((error as Error).name === 'HTTPError' || (error as Error).name === 'FetchError') && (error as { response: { statusCode: number } }).response.statusCode === 404) {
             throw new InvalidParameterError('该公众号不存在，有关如何获取公众号 id，详见 https://docs.rsshub.app/routes/new-media#wei-xin-gong-zhong-hao-feeddd-lai-yuan');
         }
         throw error;
diff --git a/lib/routes/wechat/msgalbum.ts b/lib/routes/wechat/msgalbum.ts
index 3f6d8d7f65..3b82d60e47 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wechat/msgalbum.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wechat/msgalbum.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const mptitle = $('.album__author-name').text() + '|' + $('.album__label-title').text();
     const articledata = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
-            const link = $(item).attr('data-link').replace('http://', 'https://');
+            const link = $(item).attr('data-link')!.replace('http://', 'https://');
             const title = $(item).attr('data-title');
             const single = {
                 title,
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             link: articledata[index].link,
             guid: articledata[index].guid,
             author: articledata[index].author,
-            pubDate: dayjs.unix($(item).find('.js_article_create_time').text()).format(),
+            pubDate: dayjs.unix($(item).find('.js_article_create_time').text() as unknown as number).format(),
         })),
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/wechat/tgchannel.ts b/lib/routes/wechat/tgchannel.ts
index eda8ebe6e6..5830b1fab0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wechat/tgchannel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wechat/tgchannel.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+import type { Cheerio } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { finishArticleItem } from '@/utils/wechat-mp';
 
@@ -52,18 +54,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.toArray().map(async (item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            let $item = $(item);
 
             if (searchQuery) {
                 // 删除关键字高亮 <mark class="highlight">
-                const highlightMarks = item.find('mark.highlight').toArray();
+                const highlightMarks = $item.find('mark.highlight').toArray();
                 if (highlightMarks) {
-                    for (let mark of highlightMarks) {
-                        mark = $(mark);
-                        const markInnerHtml = mark.html();
-                        mark.replaceWith(markInnerHtml);
+                    for (const mark of highlightMarks) {
+                        const $mark = $(mark);
+                        const markInnerHtml = $mark.html();
+                        $mark.replaceWith(markInnerHtml as string);
                     }
-                    item = $(item.html()); // 删除关键字高亮后，相邻的裸文本节点不会被自动合并，重新生成 cheerio 对象以确保后续流程正常运行
+                    $item = $($item.html() as string) as Cheerio<Element>; // 删除关键字高亮后，相邻的裸文本节点不会被自动合并，重新生成 cheerio 对象以确保后续流程正常运行
                 }
             }
 
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             let author = '';
             let titleElemIs3thA = false;
 
-            const brNode = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_text > br:nth-of-type(1)').get(0); // 获取第一个换行
+            const brNode = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_text > br:nth-of-type(1)').get(0); // 获取第一个换行
             const authorNode = brNode && brNode.prev; // brNode 不为 undefined 时获取它的前一个节点
             const authorNodePrev = authorNode && authorNode.prev; // authorNode 不为 undefined 时获取它的前一个节点
             if (authorNode && authorNode.type === 'text') {
@@ -129,7 +131,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
             // 如果启用了 efb-patch-middleware 且 hashtag (部分)合法，第三个 a 元素会是文章链接，否则是第二个
             const titleElemNth = titleElemIs3thA ? 3 : 2;
-            const titleElem = item.find(`.tgme_widget_message_text > a:nth-of-type(${titleElemNth})`);
+            const titleElem = $item.find(`.tgme_widget_message_text > a:nth-of-type(${titleElemNth})`);
 
             if (titleElem.length === 0) {
                 // 获取不到标题 a 元素，这可能是公众号发的服务消息，丢弃它
@@ -148,7 +150,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 title = author + ': ' + title; // 给标题里加上获取到的作者
             }
 
-            const pubDate = new Date(item.find('.tgme_widget_message_date time').attr('datetime')).toUTCString();
+            const pubDate = new Date($item.find('.tgme_widget_message_date time').attr('datetime')!).toUTCString();
 
             /*
              * Since 2024/4/20, t.me/s/ mistakenly have every '&' in **hyperlinks** replaced by '&amp;'.
@@ -157,7 +159,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
              * Considering that this is almost certain to happen, let's break guid consistency now by using
              * normalized URL from wechat-mp as guid to avoid similar issues in the future.
              */
-            const single = {
+            const single: DataItem = {
                 title,
                 pubDate,
                 link,
@@ -168,7 +170,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 try {
                     return await finishArticleItem(single);
                 } catch {
-                    single.description = item.find('.tgme_widget_message_text').html();
+                    single.description = $item.find('.tgme_widget_message_text').html();
                 }
             }
             return single;
diff --git a/lib/routes/wechat/wechat2rss.ts b/lib/routes/wechat/wechat2rss.ts
index a91b195fcf..7b965e52b0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wechat/wechat2rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wechat/wechat2rss.ts
@@ -29,17 +29,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const { title, link, description, image, items: item } = await parser.parseURL(feedUrl);
 
     const items = item.map((i) => ({
-        title: i.title,
-        pubDate: parseDate(i.isoDate),
+        title: i.title!,
+        pubDate: parseDate(i.isoDate!),
         link: i.link,
         description: i['content:encoded'] || i.content,
     }));
 
     return {
-        title,
+        title: title!,
         link,
         description,
-        image: image.url,
+        image: image!.url,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/weekendhk/posts.ts b/lib/routes/weekendhk/posts.ts
index 86ae64b7d8..52810484ac 100644
--- a/lib/routes/weekendhk/posts.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/weekendhk/posts.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: '新假期周刊',
         description: '新假期周刊網站為全港最強吃喝玩樂搵節目平台。網羅世界各地最詳盡旅遊潮流資訊；最新鮮熱辣本地飲食情報；最好玩周末玩樂節目，即時瞓身報導，全天候為你update。',
         link: baseUrl,
-        language: 'zh-HK',
+        language: 'zh-HK' as Language,
         image: `${baseUrl}/wp-content/themes/bucket/theme-content/images/196x196.png`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/weibo/search/hot.tsx b/lib/routes/weibo/search/hot.tsx
index c6faf8c0b1..bd00db2b08 100644
--- a/lib/routes/weibo/search/hot.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/weibo/search/hot.tsx
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ async function fetchContent(url) {
         const rdata = subres.data;
         const cards = rdata.data.cards;
         // Need to find one cards with 'type ==9'
-        demostr = seekContent(cards);
+        demostr = seekContent(cards) ?? '';
     } catch {
         // console.log(e);
         // console.log(url);
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ function seekContent(clist) {
             });
             stub.append(section);
         } else if (curitem.card_type === 11) {
-            stub.append(seekContent(curitem.card_group));
+            stub.append(seekContent(curitem.card_group) ?? '');
         }
     }
     return stub.html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/weibo/utils.ts b/lib/routes/weibo/utils.ts
index 9d565ca648..dca5886cff 100644
--- a/lib/routes/weibo/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/weibo/utils.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class RenewWeiboCookiesError extends Error {
     }
 }
 
-const getDescriptionRenderParams = (routeParams, params = {}) => ({
+const getDescriptionRenderParams = (routeParams, params = {} as Record<string, any>) => ({
     showEmojiInDescription: fallback(params.showEmojiInDescription, queryToInteger(routeParams.showEmojiInDescription), false),
     showLinkIconInDescription: fallback(params.showLinkIconInDescription, queryToInteger(routeParams.showLinkIconInDescription), true),
 });
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ const weiboUtils = {
             .replaceAll(/<[^<]*>/g, '')
             .replaceAll('\n', ' ')
             .trim(),
-    formatExtended: (ctx, status, uid, params = {}, picsPrefixes = []) => {
+    formatExtended: (ctx, status, uid?, params = {} as Record<string, any>, picsPrefixes: string[] = []) => {
         // `uid = undefined` to explicitly mark it as optional, avoiding IDEs prompting warnings
 
         // undefined and strings like "1" is also safely parsed, so no if branch is needed
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ const weiboUtils = {
                 };
             }
             // 插入转发的微博
-            const retweetedParams = Object.assign({}, params);
+            const retweetedParams = Object.assign({} as Record<string, any>, params);
             retweetedParams.showAuthorInDesc = true;
             retweetedParams.showAuthorAvatarInDesc = false;
             retweetedParams.showAtBeforeAuthor = true;
@@ -513,22 +513,22 @@ const weiboUtils = {
                 // 正文处理，加入一些在微博文章页的 CSS 中定义的不可或缺的样式
                 const $ = load(content);
                 $('p').each((_, elem) => {
-                    elem = $(elem);
-                    let style = elem.attr('style') || '';
+                    const $elem = $(elem);
+                    let style = $elem.attr('style') || '';
                     style = 'margin: 0;padding: 0;border: 0;' + style;
-                    elem.attr('style', style);
+                    $elem.attr('style', style);
                 });
                 $('.image').each((_, elem) => {
-                    elem = $(elem);
-                    let style = elem.attr('style') || '';
+                    const $elem = $(elem);
+                    let style = $elem.attr('style') || '';
                     style = 'display: table;text-align: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;clear: both;min-width: 50px;' + style;
-                    elem.attr('style', style);
+                    $elem.attr('style', style);
                 });
                 $('img').each((_, elem) => {
-                    elem = $(elem);
-                    let style = elem.attr('style') || '';
+                    const $elem = $(elem);
+                    let style = $elem.attr('style') || '';
                     style = 'display: block;max-width: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;min-width: 50px;' + style;
-                    elem.attr('style', style);
+                    $elem.attr('style', style);
                 });
                 const contentHtml = $.html();
                 html += `<div style="line-height: 1.59;text-align: justify;font-size: 1.0625rem;color: #333;">${contentHtml}</div>`; // 正文
diff --git a/lib/routes/wenku8/chapter.ts b/lib/routes/wenku8/chapter.ts
index 980b33a69c..0785e0301e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wenku8/chapter.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wenku8/chapter.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const id = ctx.req.param('id');
-    const index = Number.parseInt(id / 1000);
+    const index = Number.parseInt(String(id / 1000));
 
     const response = await got({
         method: 'get',
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const name = $('#title').text();
 
-    const chapter_item = [];
+    const chapter_item: any[] = [];
 
     $('.ccss>a').each((_, el) => {
         chapter_item.push({
diff --git a/lib/routes/wenku8/index.ts b/lib/routes/wenku8/index.ts
index 96a9af6469..67263b5bab 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wenku8/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wenku8/index.ts
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((item) => ({
             title: $(item).find('b > a').text(),
             link: $(item).find('b > a').attr('href'),
-            description: $(item).find('img').html() + $(item).find('div:nth-child(2)').remove('b').end().html(),
+            description: $(item).find('img').html()! + $(item).find('div:nth-child(2)').remove('b').end().html()!,
         }));
 
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/wenku8/volume.ts b/lib/routes/wenku8/volume.ts
index 4170309b4b..1889dce3a3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wenku8/volume.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wenku8/volume.ts
@@ -61,4 +61,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     };
 }
 
-const get = async (url: string) => decode(await got(url).buffer(), 'gbk');
+const get = async (url: string) => {
+    const buffer = await (got(url) as any).buffer();
+    return decode(buffer, 'gbk');
+};
diff --git a/lib/routes/wfu/news.ts b/lib/routes/wfu/news.ts
index 601d012ceb..1ab3b85db1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wfu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wfu/news.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ async function loadContent(link) {
         response = await got.get(link);
     } catch (error) {
         // 如果网络问题 直接出错
-        if (error.name && ['HTTPError', 'RequestError', 'FetchError'].includes(error.name)) {
+        if ((error as Error).name && ['HTTPError', 'RequestError', 'FetchError'].includes((error as Error).name)) {
             description = 'Page 404 Please Check!';
         }
         return { description };
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async function loadContent(link) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
 
     // 提取文章内容
-    description = $('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
+    description = $('div.wp_articlecontent').html() ?? '';
     // 返回解析的结果
     return { description };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/whitehouse/news.ts b/lib/routes/whitehouse/news.ts
index 8e6413bd34..d8ef4dcd22 100644
--- a/lib/routes/whitehouse/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/whitehouse/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,21 +46,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.post')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('a').first();
+            const a = $item.find('a').first();
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
                 link: a.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('time').attr('datetime')),
-                category: [item.find('a[rel^=tag]').first().text()],
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('time').attr('datetime')!),
+                category: [$item.find('a[rel^=tag]').first().text()],
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/who/news-room.ts b/lib/routes/who/news-room.ts
index f6b6f8212c..500177325d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/who/news-room.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/who/news-room.ts
@@ -55,9 +55,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(response.data);
 
-    let list = $('.list-view--item a');
+    const $list = $('.list-view--item a');
+    let list: any[];
 
-    if (list.length === 0) {
+    if ($list.length === 0) {
         const response = await got({
             method: 'get',
             url: `${rootUrl}/api/hubs/${category.replaceAll('-', '')}?sf_culture=zh&$orderby=PublicationDateAndTime%20desc&$select=Title,PublicationDateAndTime,ItemDefaultUrl&$top=30`,
@@ -69,12 +70,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             pubDate: parseDate(item.PublicationDateAndTime),
         }));
     } else {
-        list = list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = item.attr('href');
+        list = $list.toArray().map((item) => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = $item.attr('href');
 
             return {
-                link: `${link.indexOf('http') === 0 ? '' : rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                link: `${link!.startsWith('http') ? '' : rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/whu/cs.ts b/lib/routes/whu/cs.ts
index b7901647b0..7d10f885d9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/whu/cs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/whu/cs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -63,18 +63,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('div.study ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a p').text().trim(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), link).href,
+                title: $item.find('a p').text().trim(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, link).href,
             };
         });
 
-    let items = await Promise.all(
+    let items = (await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<any> => {
                 let response;
                 try {
                     // 实测发现有些链接无法访问
@@ -92,22 +92,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const content = $('.content');
 
                 content.find('img').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = $(e);
-                    if (e.attr('orisrc')) {
-                        const newUrl = new URL(e.attr('orisrc'), 'https://cs.whu.edu.cn');
-                        e.attr('src', newUrl.href);
-                        e.removeAttr('orisrc');
-                        e.removeAttr('vurl');
+                    const $e = $(e);
+                    if ($e.attr('orisrc')) {
+                        const newUrl = new URL($e.attr('orisrc')!, 'https://cs.whu.edu.cn');
+                        $e.attr('src', newUrl.href);
+                        $e.removeAttr('orisrc');
+                        $e.removeAttr('vurl');
                     }
                 });
 
                 item.description = content.html();
-                item.pubDate = $('meta[name="PubDate"]').length ? timezone(parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')), 8) : item.pubDate;
+                item.pubDate = $('meta[name="PubDate"]').length ? timezone(parseDate($('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content')!), 8) : item.pubDate;
 
                 return item;
             })
         )
-    );
+    )) as DataItem[];
     items = items.filter((item) => item !== null);
 
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/whu/gs/index.ts b/lib/routes/whu/gs/index.ts
index 2716297e19..ae564d6224 100644
--- a/lib/routes/whu/gs/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/whu/gs/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -60,19 +60,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.list ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = item.find('a').attr('href');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = $item.find('a').attr('href');
             return {
-                title: item.find('p').text(),
-                link: link.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link, host).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                title: $item.find('p').text(),
+                link: link!.startsWith('http') ? link : new URL(link!, host).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 try {
                     const detail = await got(item.link);
                     const content = load(detail.data);
@@ -86,15 +86,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     content('.con_xq').remove();
 
                     content('form[name=_newscontent_fromname] img').each((_, i) => {
-                        i = $(i);
-                        if (i.attr('src').startsWith('/')) {
-                            i.attr('src', new URL(i.attr('src'), host).href);
+                        const $i = $(i);
+                        if ($i.attr('src')!.startsWith('/')) {
+                            $i.attr('src', new URL($i.attr('src')!, host).href);
                         }
                     });
                     content('form[name=_newscontent_fromname] ul li a').each((_, a) => {
-                        a = $(a);
-                        if (a.attr('href').startsWith('/')) {
-                            a.attr('href', new URL(a.attr('href'), host).href);
+                        const $a = $(a);
+                        if ($a.attr('href')!.startsWith('/')) {
+                            $a.attr('href', new URL($a.attr('href')!, host).href);
                         }
                     });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/whu/hyxt.ts b/lib/routes/whu/hyxt.ts
index 76377b8b83..09190db9f3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/whu/hyxt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/whu/hyxt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -71,14 +71,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('td a');
+            const a = $item.find('td a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('td').last().text()),
+                link: new URL(a.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('td').last().text()),
             };
         });
 
@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${siteName} - ${columnName}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: getMeta(meta, 'ColumnKeywords'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
-        image: new URL($('div.top-logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
+        image: new URL($('div.top-logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         subtitle: columnName,
         author: siteName,
         allowEmpty: true,
diff --git a/lib/routes/whu/news.ts b/lib/routes/whu/news.ts
index 5d93ac6f12..c7dd264333 100644
--- a/lib/routes/whu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/whu/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 const parseCategory = (category: string | number) => {
     const outputs = ['wdzx/wdyw', 'kydt', 'stkj/ljyx', 'stkj/wdsp'];
-    if (['0', '1', '2', '3'].includes(category)) {
+    if (['0', '1', '2', '3'].includes(category as string)) {
         return outputs[category];
     }
-    if (outputs.includes(category)) {
+    if (outputs.includes(category as string)) {
         return category;
     }
     return 'wdzx/wdyw';
@@ -57,19 +57,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const image = item.find('div.img img');
+            const image = $item.find('div.img img');
 
             return {
-                title: item.prop('title') ?? item.find('h4.eclips').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('time').text(), ['YYYY.MM.DD', 'DDYYYY.MM']),
+                title: $item.prop('title') ?? $item.find('h4.eclips').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('time').text(), ['YYYY.MM.DD', 'DDYYYY.MM']),
                 description: renderDescription({
-                    description: item.find('div.txt p').html(),
+                    description: $item.find('div.txt p').html() ?? undefined,
                     image: image.prop('src')
                         ? {
-                              src: new URL(image.prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+                              src: new URL(image.prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
                               alt: image.prop('alt'),
                           }
                         : undefined,
@@ -83,15 +83,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const siteName = getMeta(meta, 'SiteName');
     const columnName = getMeta(meta, 'ColumnName');
 
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${siteName} - ${columnName}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: getMeta(meta, 'description'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
-        image: new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
+        image: new URL($('div.logo img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: columnName,
diff --git a/lib/routes/whu/rsgis.ts b/lib/routes/whu/rsgis.ts
index 247a866c5b..0746836e03 100644
--- a/lib/routes/whu/rsgis.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/whu/rsgis.ts
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ async function handlePostList(type: string, sub: string): Promise<DataItem[]> {
     const category = categoryMap[type];
     if (sub === 'all') {
         const subMap = category.sub;
-        urlList = Object.values(subMap).map((value) => {
+        urlList = Object.values<{ path: string }>(subMap).map((value) => {
             const subtype = value;
             return {
                 url: `${baseUrl}/${category.path}/${subtype.path}.htm`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/whu/swrh.ts b/lib/routes/whu/swrh.ts
index 81a31260d3..bb376ce685 100644
--- a/lib/routes/whu/swrh.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/whu/swrh.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 // import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { fetchArticle } from '@/utils/wechat-mp';
@@ -65,22 +65,22 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         type === 0
             ? $('div.my_box_nei')
                   .toArray()
-                  .map((item) => {
-                      item = $(item);
+                  .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+                      const $item = $(item);
                       return {
-                          title: item.find('a b.am-text-truncate').text().trim(),
-                          pubDate: item.find('a i').text(),
-                          link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                          title: $item.find('a b.am-text-truncate').text().trim(),
+                          pubDate: $item.find('a i').text(),
+                          link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                       };
                   })
             : $('div.list_txt.am-fr ul.am-list li')
                   .toArray()
-                  .map((item) => {
-                      item = $(item);
+                  .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+                      const $item = $(item);
                       return {
-                          title: item.find('a span').text().trim(),
-                          pubDate: item.find('a i').text(),
-                          link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                          title: $item.find('a span').text().trim(),
+                          pubDate: $item.find('a i').text(),
+                          link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                       };
                   });
 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                               const response = await got(item.link);
                               const $ = load(response.data);
 
-                              return $('.v_news_content').length ? $('.v_news_content').html().trim() : $('.prompt').length ? $('.prompt').html() : item.title;
+                              return $('.v_news_content').length ? $('.v_news_content').html()!.trim() : $('.prompt').length ? $('.prompt').html() : item.title;
                           } catch {
                               return item.title;
                           }
diff --git a/lib/routes/whu/util.ts b/lib/routes/whu/util.ts
index 1e9c56de77..403aa0d7f9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/whu/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/whu/util.ts
@@ -89,11 +89,11 @@ const getItemDetail = async (item, rootUrl) => {
         const attachments = content('form[name="_newscontent_fromname"] ul li')
             .toArray()
             .map((attachment) => {
-                attachment = content(attachment).find('a');
+                const $attachment = content(attachment).find('a');
 
                 return {
-                    title: attachment.text(),
-                    link: new URL(attachment.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                    title: $attachment.text(),
+                    link: new URL($attachment.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
                 };
             });
 
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ const getItemDetail = async (item, rootUrl) => {
 
         item.title = getMeta(meta, 'ArticleTitle') ?? item.title;
         item.description = renderDescription({
-            description,
+            description: description ?? undefined,
             attachments,
         });
         item.author = getMeta(meta, 'ContentSource');
diff --git a/lib/routes/wiensued/index.ts b/lib/routes/wiensued/index.ts
index b80788418a..83881a4669 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wiensued/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wiensued/index.ts
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ leading up to the listing (e.g. \`wohnen/sofort-verfuegbar\`)`,
             subPaths.push('wohnen');
         }
 
-        let params = parts.at(-1).includes('=') ? parts.at(-1) : '';
+        let params = parts.at(-1)!.includes('=') ? parts.at(-1)! : '';
         if (params.startsWith('&')) {
             params = params.slice(1);
         }
diff --git a/lib/routes/wikinews/index.ts b/lib/routes/wikinews/index.ts
index 53b20f1e64..fe621c131d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wikinews/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wikinews/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,17 +36,17 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(resp.data);
     const urls = $('url')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find(String.raw`news\:title`).text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find(String.raw`news\:publication_date`).text()),
-                category: item
+                title: $item.find(String.raw`news\:title`).text(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find(String.raw`news\:publication_date`).text()),
+                category: $item
                     .find(String.raw`news\:keywords`)
                     .text()
                     .split(',')
                     .map((item) => item.trim()),
-                link: item.find('loc').text(),
+                link: $item.find('loc').text(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/wikipedia/current-events.ts b/lib/routes/wikipedia/current-events.ts
index 616a0787ea..03614e8dfe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wikipedia/current-events.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wikipedia/current-events.ts
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ async function fetchMultipleWikiContent(pageNames: string[]): Promise<Record<str
         const data = JSON.parse(response.body);
 
         if (data.query && data.query.pages) {
-            for (const page of Object.values(data.query.pages)) {
+            for (const page of Object.values<{ title: string; revisions: Array<{ slots: { main: Record<string, string> } }> }>(data.query.pages)) {
                 if (!(page.revisions && page.revisions[0] && page.revisions[0].slots && page.revisions[0].slots.main)) {
                     continue;
                 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/windsurf/blog.tsx b/lib/routes/windsurf/blog.tsx
index 3579a9133f..0fa5403596 100644
--- a/lib/routes/windsurf/blog.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/windsurf/blog.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/windsurf/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/windsurf/changelog.ts
index 9fc6942693..4522360c0d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/windsurf/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/windsurf/changelog.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const items: DataItem[] = $('div[aria-label="changelog-layout"]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el).parent();
 
             const version: string | undefined = $el.find('header div').first().text()?.trim();
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').attr('content'),
         author,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: $('meta[property="og:url"]').attr('content'),
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/winstall/update.tsx b/lib/routes/winstall/update.tsx
index 8b7778d60e..49f475354a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/winstall/update.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/winstall/update.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: app.desc,
         link: `${baseUrl}/apps/${appId}`,
         image: `https://api.winstall.app/icons/next/${appId}.webp`,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/wired/tag.ts b/lib/routes/wired/tag.ts
index 73733cfe1f..532e6155be 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wired/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wired/tag.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         description: preloadedState.transformed['head.description'],
         link,
         image: `${baseUrl}${preloadedState.transformed.logo.sources.sm.url}`,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         item: items,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/wise/pair.tsx b/lib/routes/wise/pair.tsx
index 228c82db0f..f0ad66a236 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wise/pair.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/wise/pair.tsx
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    let yesterday = dayjs().subtract(1, 'day');
-    const dayBefore = yesterday.subtract(1, 'day').format('YYYY-MM-DD');
-    yesterday = yesterday.format('YYYY-MM-DD');
+    const yesterdayDate = dayjs().subtract(1, 'day');
+    const dayBefore = yesterdayDate.subtract(1, 'day').format('YYYY-MM-DD');
+    const yesterday = yesterdayDate.format('YYYY-MM-DD');
 
     const source = ctx.req.param('source').toUpperCase();
     const target = ctx.req.param('target').toUpperCase();
diff --git a/lib/routes/wizfile/index.ts b/lib/routes/wizfile/index.ts
index 8d9cd87a3c..bddd31cee1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wizfile/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wizfile/index.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 $(item)
                     .find('span')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/\((.*?)\)/)[1]
+                    .match(/\((.*?)\)/)![1]
             );
 
             const description = $(item).next().html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/wmc-bj/publish.tsx b/lib/routes/wmc-bj/publish.tsx
index f465490c02..479c92f634 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wmc-bj/publish.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/wmc-bj/publish.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             description: renderToString(
                 img.prop('src') ? (
                     <figure>
-                        <img src={img.prop('src').replace(/\/medium\//, '/')} />
+                        <img src={img.prop('src')!.replace(/\/medium\//, '/')} />
                     </figure>
                 ) : null
             ),
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: items,
         title,
         link: currentUrl,
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/wnacg/category.ts b/lib/routes/wnacg/category.ts
index f520ed2051..a2754c0700 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wnacg/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wnacg/category.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
     radar: [
         {
             source: ['wnacg.com/*'],
-            target: (_, url) => `/wnacg/category/${new URL(url).pathname.match(/albums-index-cate-(\d+)\.html$/)[1]}`,
+            target: (_, url) => `/wnacg/category/${new URL(url).pathname.match(/albums-index-cate-(\d+)\.html$/)![1]}`,
         },
     ],
     handler,
diff --git a/lib/routes/wnacg/common.tsx b/lib/routes/wnacg/common.tsx
index 5c1edf68e0..a4d301dfb9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wnacg/common.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/wnacg/common.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
+import type { DataItem } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,15 +43,15 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.gallary_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const href = item.find('a').attr('href');
-            const aid = href.match(/^\/photos-index-aid-(\d+)\.html$/)[1];
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string; aid: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const href = $item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const aid = href!.match(/^\/photos-index-aid-(\d+)\.html$/)![1];
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
                 link: `${baseUrl}${href}`,
                 pubDate: parseDate(
-                    item
+                    $item
                         .find('.info_col')
                         .text()
                         .replace(/\d+張照片，\n創建於/, ''),
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const imgListMatch = $('script')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/var imglist = (\[.*\]);"\);/)[1];
+                    .match(/var imglist = (\[.*\]);"\);/)![1];
 
                 const imgList = JSON.parse(imgListMatch.replaceAll('url:', '"url":').replaceAll('caption:', '"caption":').replaceAll('fast_img_host+\\', '').replaceAll('\\', ''));
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/wnacg/tag.ts b/lib/routes/wnacg/tag.ts
index 8db6f41d00..058d385838 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wnacg/tag.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wnacg/tag.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
     radar: [
         {
             source: ['wnacg.com/*'],
-            target: (_, url) => `/wnacg/tag/${new URL(url).pathname.match(/albums-index-tag-(.+?)\.html$/)[1]}`,
+            target: (_, url) => `/wnacg/tag/${new URL(url).pathname.match(/albums-index-tag-(.+?)\.html$/)![1]}`,
         },
     ],
     handler,
diff --git a/lib/routes/wordpress/index.ts b/lib/routes/wordpress/index.ts
index 21c6cd9687..d3d15ff626 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wordpress/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wordpress/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import parser from '@/utils/rss-parser';
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const $$ = load(item.content?.rendered ?? item.content);
 
             $$('img').each((_, el) => {
-                el = $$(el);
+                const $el = $$(el);
 
-                const src = el.prop('src');
+                const src = $el.prop('src');
 
-                if (src.startsWith('/')) {
-                    el.prop('src', `${cdn}${item.link}${src}`);
-                } else if (src.startsWith('http:')) {
-                    el.prop('src', `${cdn}${src}`);
+                if (src!.startsWith('/')) {
+                    $el.prop('src', `${cdn}${item.link}${src}`);
+                } else if (src!.startsWith('http:')) {
+                    $el.prop('src', `${cdn}${src}`);
                 }
             });
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         return {
             ...data,
             item: items,
-        };
+        } as Data;
     } catch {
         const feed = await parser.parseURL(`${rootUrl}/feed/`);
 
@@ -91,21 +91,21 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const $$ = load(item['content:encoded']);
 
             $$('img').each((_, el) => {
-                el = $$(el);
+                const $el = $$(el);
 
-                const src = el.prop('src');
+                const src = $el.prop('src');
 
-                if (src.startsWith('/')) {
-                    el.prop('src', `${cdn}${item.link}${src}`);
-                } else if (src.startsWith('http:')) {
-                    el.prop('src', `${cdn}${src}`);
+                if (src!.startsWith('/')) {
+                    $el.prop('src', `${cdn}${item.link}${src}`);
+                } else if (src!.startsWith('http:')) {
+                    $el.prop('src', `${cdn}${src}`);
                 }
             });
 
             const description = $$.html();
 
             return {
-                title: item.title,
+                title: item.title!,
                 description,
                 pubDate: parseDate(item.pubDate ?? ''),
                 link: item.link,
@@ -121,14 +121,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         });
 
         return {
-            title: feed.title,
+            title: feed.title!,
             description: feed.description,
             link: feed.link,
             item: items,
             allowEmpty: true,
             image: feed.image?.url,
             language: feed.language,
-        };
+        } as Data;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/worldjournal/index.ts b/lib/routes/worldjournal/index.ts
index c7e33bc59c..383075cca6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/worldjournal/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/worldjournal/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -33,20 +33,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.subcate-list__wrapper .subcate-list__link__text')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const url = item.find('a').first().attr('href');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const url = $item.find('a').first().attr('href');
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3').text(),
-                description: item.find('p').html(),
-                link: url.includes('?from=') ? url.split('?from=', 1)[0] : url,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.subcate-list__time--roc').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
+                title: $item.find('h3').text(),
+                description: $item.find('p').html(),
+                link: url!.includes('?from=') ? url!.split('?from=', 1)[0] : url,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.subcate-list__time--roc').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'), 8),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     }
                     const url = new URL(img.attribs['data-src']);
                     if (url.pathname === '/gw/photo.php') {
-                        img.attribs.src = url.searchParams.get('u');
+                        img.attribs.src = url.searchParams.get('u') ?? '';
                         delete img.attribs['data-src'];
                     }
                 });
 
                 item.description = $('.article-content__paragraph').html();
-                item.categories = $('meta[name=news_keywords]').attr('content')?.split(',');
+                item.category = $('meta[name=news_keywords]').attr('content')?.split(',');
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/worldofwarships/devblog.ts b/lib/routes/worldofwarships/devblog.ts
index 523776f985..e1925c3d30 100644
--- a/lib/routes/worldofwarships/devblog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/worldofwarships/devblog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -40,15 +40,16 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('article')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const time = item.find('div').first().find('time').first();
-            const tag = item.find('div').first().find('ul').first().find('li').first();
-            const title = item.find('h2').first().find('a').first();
-            const content = item.find('h2').first().next();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const time = $item.find('div').first().find('time').first();
+            const tag = $item.find('div').first().find('ul').first().find('li').first();
+            const title = $item.find('h2').first().find('a').first();
+            const content = $item.find('h2').first().next();
+            const timestamp = Number(time.attr('data-timestamp')) * 1000;
             return {
-                title: title.attr('title'),
+                title: title.attr('title')!,
                 link: title.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(time.attr('data-timestamp') * 1000), 0),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(timestamp), 0),
                 category: tag.text(),
                 author: 'Wargaming',
                 description: content.html(),
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
                 item.description = $('.article__content').first().html();
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler() {
         link: url,
         item: items,
         image: 'https:' + face.attr('href'),
-        language: 'en',
+        language: 'en' as Language,
         author: 'Wargaming',
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/woshipm/user-article.ts b/lib/routes/woshipm/user-article.ts
index 9b8c37bc18..91e100cae6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/woshipm/user-article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/woshipm/user-article.ts
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const postCardTitle = item.find('h2.post--card__title a');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const postCardTitle = $item.find('h2.post--card__title a');
             return {
                 title: postCardTitle.attr('title'),
                 link: postCardTitle.attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
             };
         });
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `${name}的文章-人人都是产品经理`,
         description: $('.author--meta .description').text(),
-        image: $('.author--meta .avatar').attr('src').split('!', 1)[0],
+        image: $('.author--meta .avatar').attr('src')!.split('!', 1)[0],
         link,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/woshipm/wen.ts b/lib/routes/woshipm/wen.ts
index 34951b91aa..e25ece9c56 100644
--- a/lib/routes/woshipm/wen.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/woshipm/wen.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ async function handler() {
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const postList = $('.article-list-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.went-head-text').text(),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('.went-head').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseRelativeDate(item.find('.list-text').text().split('|', 2)[1]),
+                title: $item.find('.went-head-text').text(),
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('.went-head').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseRelativeDate($item.find('.list-text').text().split('|', 2)[1]),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/wsj/news.ts b/lib/routes/wsj/news.ts
index ba636f1dad..80f891d0a6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wsj/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wsj/news.ts
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(response.data);
     const contents = $('script:contains("window.__STATE__")').text();
-    const data = JSON.parse(contents.match(/\{.*\}/)[0]).data;
-    const filteredKeys = Object.entries(data)
+    const data = JSON.parse(contents.match(/\{.*\}/)![0]).data;
+    const filteredKeys = Object.entries<any>(data)
         .filter(([key, value]) => {
             if (!key.startsWith('article')) {
                 return false;
diff --git a/lib/routes/wsj/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/wsj/utils.tsx
index 4cba5ccac4..2f22b8b3e1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wsj/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/wsj/utils.tsx
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
         const author = $('.author > a[rel="author"]').text();
 
         const categories = $('meta[name="keywords"]')
-            .attr('content')
+            .attr('content')!
             .split(',')
             .map((c) => c.trim());
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
             $(e)
                 .find('p')
                 .each((_, el) => {
-                    $(el).replaceWith($(el).html());
+                    $(el).replaceWith($(el).html() ?? '');
                 });
         });
 
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ const parseArticle = (item) =>
 
         return {
             title: item.title,
-            pubDate: parseDate(publishedAt),
-            updated: parseDate(updatedAt),
+            pubDate: parseDate(publishedAt!),
+            updated: parseDate(updatedAt!),
             author,
             link: item.link,
             summary,
diff --git a/lib/routes/wsyu/news.ts b/lib/routes/wsyu/news.ts
index bf8bdf9e6e..f49ebcfae4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wsyu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wsyu/news.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         urlList.map(async (itemUrl, index) => {
-            itemUrl = new URL(itemUrl, baseUrl).href;
+            itemUrl = new URL(itemUrl!, baseUrl).href;
             if (itemUrl.includes('.htm')) {
                 const cacheIn = await cache.get(itemUrl);
                 if (cacheIn) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/wtu/index.ts b/lib/routes/wtu/index.ts
index ca8da1547c..3e0414a8c3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wtu/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wtu/index.ts
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const typeInt = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('type'));
     const value = map.get(typeInt);
-    const title = value.title;
-    const columnId = value.id;
-    const type = value.type;
+    const title = value!.title;
+    const columnId = value!.id;
+    const type = value!.type;
     const res = await got({
         method: 'get',
         url: `${apiUrl}${columnId}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/wtu/job.ts b/lib/routes/wtu/job.ts
index 87e2b1ae91..0f502fb247 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wtu/job.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wtu/job.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import zlib from 'node:zlib';
 
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // 获取参数 type
     const type = ctx.req.param('type');
     const mapItem = typeMap.get(type);
-    const msgTitle = `${mapItem.title} - 武汉纺织大学就业信息`;
-    const link = mapItem.url;
+    const msgTitle = `${mapItem!.title} - 武汉纺织大学就业信息`;
+    const link = mapItem!.url;
 
     // 请求网页
     const resp = await got.get(link);
@@ -78,11 +78,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(listStr);
     const list = $('.newsList')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const $date = item.find("li[class='span2 y']").text();
-            const $linkLi = item.find('li>a');
-            const $url = new URL($linkLi.attr('href'), baseUrl).href;
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const $date = $item.find("li[class='span2 y']").text();
+            const $linkLi = $item.find('li>a');
+            const $url = new URL($linkLi.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href;
             return {
                 title: $linkLi.text(),
                 pubDate: parseDate($date, 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/wufazhuce/one.ts b/lib/routes/wufazhuce/one.ts
index 29b8368d17..72230727a5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wufazhuce/one.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wufazhuce/one.ts
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(): Promise<Data> {
     // 添加全文
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item: DataItem) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const rsp = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(rsp.body);
                 item.description = content('.tab-content').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/wyzxwk/article.ts b/lib/routes/wyzxwk/article.ts
index 30d510c4bb..06a64c13f2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wyzxwk/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wyzxwk/article.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -86,19 +86,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('h3 a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (item.link.indexOf('wyzxwk.com') > 0) {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (item.link!.indexOf('wyzxwk.com') > 0) {
                     try {
                         const detailResponse = await got({
                             method: 'get',
diff --git a/lib/routes/wzu/news.ts b/lib/routes/wzu/news.ts
index 7ff41459fe..c2ddc920a3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wzu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wzu/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import { type CheerioOptions, load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -35,19 +35,19 @@ async function loadContent(link) {
     // 请求文章页面
     const newsResp = await got.get(link);
     // 加载文章内容
-    const $ = load(newsResp.data, { decodeEntities: false });
+    const $ = load(newsResp.data, { decodeEntities: false } as CheerioOptions);
     // 图片相对链接处理
     $('img').attr('src', (n, v) => new URL(v, baseUrl).href);
     // 视频相对链接处理，替换原有播放方法 showVsbVideo
     $('.vsbcontent_video').each((_, el) => {
         const u1 = $(el).find('script').attr('vurl');
-        videoUrl = new URL(u1, baseUrl).href;
+        videoUrl = new URL(u1!, baseUrl).href;
         $(el)
             .html('<video width="100%" src="' + videoUrl + '"></video>')
             .html();
     });
     // 返回解析的结果
-    return $('div[id^=vsb_content]').html();
+    return $('div[id^=vsb_content]').html() ?? '';
 }
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -79,17 +79,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: newsTitle,
         link: newsLink,
         description: `温州大学 - ${newsTitle}`,
-        item: list.toArray().map(async (item) => {
-            const $ = load(item);
-            const $a1 = $('li>a');
-            const $originUrl = $a1.attr('href');
-            const $itemUrl = new URL($originUrl, baseUrl).href;
-            return {
-                title: $a1.attr('title'),
-                description: await cache.tryGet($itemUrl, () => loadContent($itemUrl)),
-                pubDate: parseDate($('li>samp').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
-                link: $itemUrl,
-            };
-        }),
+        item: await Promise.all(
+            list.toArray().map(async (item): Promise<DataItem> => {
+                const $ = load(item);
+                const $a1 = $('li>a');
+                const $originUrl = $a1.attr('href');
+                const $itemUrl = new URL($originUrl!, baseUrl).href;
+                return {
+                    title: $a1.attr('title') ?? '',
+                    description: await cache.tryGet($itemUrl, () => loadContent($itemUrl)),
+                    pubDate: parseDate($('li>samp').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
+                    link: $itemUrl,
+                };
+            })
+        ),
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/x-mol/news.tsx b/lib/routes/x-mol/news.tsx
index 68732d971f..0b35599538 100644
--- a/lib/routes/x-mol/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/x-mol/news.tsx
@@ -45,23 +45,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const newsitem = $('.newsitem')
         .toArray()
         .map((element) => {
-            element = $(element);
-            const a = element.find('h3 a');
-            const span = element.find('.space-right-m30');
+            const $element = $(element);
+            const a = $element.find('h3 a');
+            const span = $element.find('.space-right-m30');
             const author = span.text().replace('来源：', '').trim();
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), utils.host).href,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, utils.host).href,
                 description: renderToString(
                     <>
-                        {element.find('img').attr('src') ? (
+                        {$element.find('img').attr('src') ? (
                             <>
-                                <img src={element.find('img').attr('src').split('?', 1)[0]} />
+                                <img src={$element.find('img').attr('src')!.split('?', 1)[0]} />
                                 <br />
                             </>
                         ) : null}
-                        {element.find('.thsis-div a').text().trim() ? <p>{element.find('.thsis-div a').text().trim()}</p> : null}
+                        {$element.find('.thsis-div a').text().trim() ? <p>{$element.find('.thsis-div a').text().trim()}</p> : null}
                     </>
                 ),
                 author,
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const description = $('.newscontent');
                 description.find('.detitemtit, .detposttiau').remove();
 
-                item.description = description.html();
+                item.description = description.html() ?? '';
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/x-mol/paper.ts b/lib/routes/x-mol/paper.ts
index b2b5caa6ec..6d9d40cb6d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/x-mol/paper.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/x-mol/paper.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import pMap from 'p-map';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,19 +42,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const newsItem = $('.magazine-model-content-new li')
         .toArray()
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 20)
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem & { link: string } => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.magazine-text-title a').text().trim(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('.magazine-model-btn a').first().attr('href'), utils.host).href,
+                title: $item.find('.magazine-text-title a').text().trim(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('.magazine-model-btn a').first().attr('href')!, utils.host).href,
                 pubDate: timezone(
                     parseDate(
-                        item
+                        $item
                             .find('.magazine-text-atten')
                             .text()
-                            .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/)[0],
-                        8
-                    )
+                            .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/)![0]
+                    ),
+                    8
                 ),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/x410/news.ts b/lib/routes/x410/news.ts
index fd7e4aac7e..4ad3a3018a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/x410/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/x410/news.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('article.post')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('h4 a');
 
             const title: string = $aEl.text();
             const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
-                description: $el.find('div#cookbook').html(),
+                description: $el.find('div#cookbook').html() ?? undefined,
             });
             const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $el.find('span.updated').text();
             const linkUrl: string | undefined = $aEl.attr('href');
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 image,
                 banner: image,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                 $$('img').each((_, imgEl) => {
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
 
                 const title: string = $$('.title').text();
                 const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
-                    description: $$('div#cookbook').html(),
+                    description: $$('div#cookbook').html() ?? undefined,
                 });
                 const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content');
                 const categoryEls: Element[] = $$('div.post-header-text-cat p a').toArray();
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                     image,
                     banner: image,
                     updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[name="msapplication-TileImage"]').attr('content') ? new URL($('meta[name="msapplication-TileImage"]').attr('content') as string, baseUrl).href : undefined,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/x6d/index.ts b/lib/routes/x6d/index.ts
index 7c300726fc..330fca1340 100644
--- a/lib/routes/x6d/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/x6d/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -87,12 +87,12 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
     const query = id === 'latest' ? $('#newslist ul').first().find('li').not('li.addd').find('a').slice(0, limit) : $('a.soft-title').slice(0, limit);
 
     let items = query.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
+        const $item = $(item);
 
         return {
-            title: item.prop('title') ?? item.text(),
-            link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
-            language,
+            title: $item.prop('title') ?? $item.text(),
+            link: new URL($item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
     });
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const title = $$('h1.article-title').text();
                 const description = $$('div.article-content').html();
-                const image = new URL($$('div.article-content img').first().prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+                const image = new URL($$('div.article-content img').first().prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
                 item.title = title;
                 item.description = description;
@@ -136,6 +136,6 @@ export async function handler(ctx) {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image,
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/xaufe/jiaowu.ts b/lib/routes/xaufe/jiaowu.ts
index 2504fdd841..25c5ea143d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xaufe/jiaowu.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xaufe/jiaowu.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -55,13 +55,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const data = $('.main_conRCb ul li')
         .slice(0, 16)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const pubDate = item.children('span').text();
-            const title = item.find('a em').text();
-            const link = item
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const pubDate = $item.children('span').text();
+            const title = $item.find('a em').text();
+            const link = $item
                 .children('a')
-                .attr('href')
+                .attr('href')!
                 .replaceAll('../', () => rootMeta.url);
             return {
                 pubDate: parseDate(pubDate),
@@ -74,16 +74,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${category.title}-${rootMeta.title}`,
         link: rootMeta.url + category.url,
         description: `${category.title}-${rootMeta.title}`,
-        language: 'zh_CN',
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
         item: await Promise.all(
             data.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const response = await got({
                         method: 'get',
                         url: item.link,
                     });
                     const $ = load(response.body);
-                    item.author = /作者：(\S*)\s{4}/.exec($('p', '.main_contit').text())[1];
+                    item.author = /作者：(\S*)\s{4}/.exec($('p', '.main_contit').text())![1];
                     item.description = $('#vsb_content').html();
                     return item;
                 })
diff --git a/lib/routes/xaut/index.ts b/lib/routes/xaut/index.ts
index 6182d2a5f9..9cb5c24b81 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xaut/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xaut/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,12 +46,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('div.nlist ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             // link原来长这样：'../info/1196/13990.htm'
-            const link = item.find('a').attr('href').replace(/^\.\./, 'http://www.xaut.edu.cn');
-            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate(item.find('div.time').text()), 8);
-            const title = item.find('h5').text();
+            const link = $item.find('a').attr('href')!.replace(/^\.\./, 'http://www.xaut.edu.cn');
+            const pubDate = timezone(parseDate($item.find('div.time').text()), 8);
+            const title = $item.find('h5').text();
 
             return {
                 title,
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         // 遍历此前获取的数据
         item: await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                    if (!item.link.includes('://zhixing.xaut.edu.cn/') && !item.link.includes('://xinwen.xaut.edu.cn/')) {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                    if (!item.link!.includes('://zhixing.xaut.edu.cn/') && !item.link!.includes('://xinwen.xaut.edu.cn/')) {
                         const res = await got({
                             method: 'get',
                             url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xaut/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/xaut/jwc.ts
index 1d4c971a3d..744da291a9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xaut/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xaut/jwc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -51,16 +51,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.main_conRCb a')
         .slice(0, 20)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const link = item
-                .attr('href')
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const link = $item
+                .attr('href')!
                 .replace(/^\.\./, () => rootUrl)
                 .replace(/^(info)/, () => rootUrl + 'info');
             return {
-                title: item.find('em').text(),
+                title: $item.find('em').text(),
                 link,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         // 遍历此前获取的数据
         item: await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                    if (!item.link.match('zhixing.xaut.edu.cn') && !item.link.match('xinwen.xaut.edu.cn')) {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                    if (!item.link!.includes('zhixing.xaut.edu.cn') && !item.link!.includes('xinwen.xaut.edu.cn')) {
                         const res = await got({
                             method: 'get',
                             url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xaut/rsc.ts b/lib/routes/xaut/rsc.ts
index 14b1dc54dd..dbccc10021 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xaut/rsc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xaut/rsc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -51,13 +51,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // 这个列表指通知公告详情列表
     const list = $('.vsb-space.n_right .list .cleafix')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             // 工作动态栏目里有一些是外链，这里做个判断
-            const a = item.find('.list_wen a').eq(0).attr('href');
-            const link = a.slice(0, 4) === 'http' ? a : 'http://renshichu.xaut.edu.cn/' + a;
+            const a = $item.find('.list_wen a').eq(0).attr('href');
+            const link = a!.startsWith('http') ? a : 'http://renshichu.xaut.edu.cn/' + a;
             // 这里jquery比较长，引几个中间变量倒是方便阅读，但是我还是觉得不需要
-            const title = item.find('.list_wen a.tit').text();
+            const title = $item.find('.list_wen a.tit').text();
             return {
                 title,
                 link,
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         // 遍历此前获取的数据
         item: await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     //  下面的if判断是否属于外链，使用切片的方式来判断，并不优雅，先用着吧
-                    if (item.link.slice(0, 16) === 'http://renshichu') {
+                    if (item.link!.startsWith('http://renshichu')) {
                         // 不属于外链
                         const res = await got({
                             method: 'get',
diff --git a/lib/routes/xbmu/academic.ts b/lib/routes/xbmu/academic.ts
index 28732ea830..bea78981e1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xbmu/academic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xbmu/academic.ts
@@ -59,13 +59,13 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async () => {
                             image: 'http://210.26.0.114:9090/mdxg/img/weex/default_img.jpg',
                             content,
                             updated: item.date,
-                            language: 'zh-cn',
+                            language: 'zh-CN',
                         };
                     })
                 )
             )) as DataItem[],
             allowEmpty: true,
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN',
             feedLink: 'https://rsshub.app/xbmu/academic',
             id: 'https://rsshub.app/xbmu/academic',
         };
diff --git a/lib/routes/xbmu/announcement.ts b/lib/routes/xbmu/announcement.ts
index 8fcd834b59..5b0fe89ad2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xbmu/announcement.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xbmu/announcement.ts
@@ -59,13 +59,13 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async () => {
                             image: 'http://210.26.0.114:9090/mdxg/img/weex/default_img.jpg',
                             content,
                             updated: item.date,
-                            language: 'zh-cn',
+                            language: 'zh-CN',
                         };
                     })
                 )
             )) as DataItem[],
             allowEmpty: true,
-            language: 'zh-cn',
+            language: 'zh-CN',
             feedLink: 'https://rsshub.app/xbmu/announcement',
             id: 'https://rsshub.app/xbmu/announcement',
         };
diff --git a/lib/routes/xbookcn/blog.ts b/lib/routes/xbookcn/blog.ts
index 16620fc969..3c7d41b307 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xbookcn/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xbookcn/blog.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
         const articles = $('.blog-posts.hfeed .date-outer').find('.post'); // 查找文章
 
-        const list = articles.toArray().map((elem) => {
+        const list = articles.toArray().map((elem): DataItem => {
             const a = $(elem).find('.post-title a'); // 获取标题链接
             return {
                 title: a.text(), // 标题
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
             list.map(
                 async (item) =>
                     // 使用缓存以避免重复请求
-                    await cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                        const response = await ofetch(item.link); // 请求文章链接
+                    await cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                        const response = await ofetch(item.link!); // 请求文章链接
                         const $ = load(response); // 加载文章页面
 
                         // 获取文章的完整描述
diff --git a/lib/routes/xboxfan/news.ts b/lib/routes/xboxfan/news.ts
index 228a1f25ae..3dcbd6bd91 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xboxfan/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xboxfan/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import md5 from '@/utils/md5';
 import { parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler() {
     const items = $(`div.homeItem[v-if="showFeedLevel == 'read'"]`)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            const data = {
+            const data: DataItem = {
                 title: '资讯',
                 author: $(item).find('div.homeName').text(),
                 pubDate: parseRelativeDate($(item).find('div.homeTime').first().text().split(' ', 1)[0]),
diff --git a/lib/routes/xhamster/index.ts b/lib/routes/xhamster/index.ts
index 144b6d3644..5b7299d4d3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xhamster/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xhamster/index.ts
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             content: {
                 url: video.trailerURL ?? video.pageURL,
                 type: 'video/mp4',
-                ...(video.duration && { duration: video.duration }),
+                ...(video.duration && { duration: video.duration as unknown as string }),
             },
             thumbnail: {
                 url: video.imageURL ?? video.thumbURL,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xianbao/index.ts b/lib/routes/xianbao/index.ts
index ab7f5414e5..7647781dab 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xianbao/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xianbao/index.ts
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         parsedData = responseData;
     } else {
         const hotKey = Object.keys(responseData).find((key) => key.startsWith('remen'));
-        parsedData = responseData[hotKey];
+        parsedData = responseData[hotKey!];
     }
 
     const items = parsedData.map((item) => ({
diff --git a/lib/routes/xiaohongshu/util.ts b/lib/routes/xiaohongshu/util.ts
index cf1b40e2e1..8f674dbbce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xiaohongshu/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xiaohongshu/util.ts
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ async function getFullNote(link, displayLivePhoto) {
             pubDate,
             updated,
         };
-    })) as Promise<{ title: string; description: string; pubDate: Date; updated: Date }>;
+    })) as { title: string; description: string; pubDate: Date; updated: Date };
     return data;
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/xiaomiyoupin/templates/goods.tsx b/lib/routes/xiaomiyoupin/templates/goods.tsx
index fa183d6702..58e35c4f95 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xiaomiyoupin/templates/goods.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/xiaomiyoupin/templates/goods.tsx
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ const GoodsFigure = (goods: Goods) => {
             {goods.videos_url ? (
                 <video
                     controls
-                    playsinline="true"
+                    playsinline
                     webkit-playsinline="true"
                     x5-playsinline="true"
                     x5-video-player-type="h5"
diff --git a/lib/routes/xiaoyuzhou/pickup.ts b/lib/routes/xiaoyuzhou/pickup.ts
index c84883f499..cc0877e1c1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xiaoyuzhou/pickup.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xiaoyuzhou/pickup.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ const ProcessFeed = async () => {
     });
 
     const data = response.data.data;
-    const playList = [];
+    const playList: any[] = [];
     for (const dailyPicks of data) {
         const pubDate = new Date(dailyPicks.date + ' 00:00:00 +0800').toUTCString();
         for (const pick of dailyPicks.picks) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/xiaozhuanlan/column.ts b/lib/routes/xiaozhuanlan/column.ts
index 7a6266c5d8..fb6141fb97 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xiaozhuanlan/column.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xiaozhuanlan/column.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,24 +42,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.xzl-topic-item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            item.find('.topic-has-suggested-item').remove();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            $item.find('.topic-has-suggested-item').remove();
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3').text().trim(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('.topic-body-link').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                author: item.find('.topic-header .xzl-author-lockup').text().trim(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.topic-header .timeago').attr('title')),
+                title: $item.find('h3').text().trim(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('.topic-body-link').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                author: $item.find('.topic-header .xzl-author-lockup').text().trim(),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.topic-header .timeago').attr('title')!),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.description = md.render($('.hidden_markdown_body').attr('data-summary'));
+                item.description = md.render($('.hidden_markdown_body').attr('data-summary')!);
                 if ($('.topic-tags')) {
                     item.category = $('.topic-tags label')
                         .toArray()
diff --git a/lib/routes/xidian/cs.ts b/lib/routes/xidian/cs.ts
index 3d21c06097..4d75918993 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xidian/cs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xidian/cs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -101,18 +101,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $(struct[category].selector.list)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         referer: url,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xidian/gr.ts b/lib/routes/xidian/gr.ts
index ed3ef2c57b..1fcac176ba 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xidian/gr.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xidian/gr.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -246,18 +246,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     }
     let items = $(struct[category].selector.list)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         referer: url,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xidian/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/xidian/jwc.ts
index e634b62ee5..a3aa7a6488 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xidian/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xidian/jwc.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -37,18 +37,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.list ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.con span').text()),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.con span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         referer: url,
diff --git a/lib/routes/ximalaya/album.ts b/lib/routes/ximalaya/album.ts
index d1fb0dd57a..c697d7322c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ximalaya/album.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ximalaya/album.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import sanitizeHtml from 'sanitize-html';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let playList = trackInfoResponse.data.list;
 
     if (shouldAll) {
-        const promises = [];
+        const promises: Array<Promise<TrackInfoResponse>> = [];
         for (let i = 2; i <= maxPageId; i++) {
             // string + number -> string
             promises.push(
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                         },
                     });
                     const trackInfo = trackPayInfoResponse.trackInfo;
-                    const _item = {};
+                    const _item: Record<string, any> = {};
                     if (!trackInfo?.isAuthorized) {
                         return _item;
                     }
@@ -190,13 +190,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const resultItems = playList.map((item) => {
         const title = item.title;
         const trackId = item.trackId;
-        const itunesItemImage = item.coverLarge.split('!', 1)[0] ?? albumCover;
+        const itunesItemImage = item.coverLarge.split('!', 1)[0];
         const link = `${baseUrl}/sound/${trackId}`;
         const pubDate = parseDate(item.createdAt, 'x');
         const duration = item.duration; // 时间长度：单位（秒）
         const enclosureUrl = item.playPathAacv224 || item.playPathAacv164;
 
-        let resultItem = {
+        let resultItem: DataItem = {
             title,
             link,
             description: item.desc || '',
diff --git a/lib/routes/ximalaya/types.ts b/lib/routes/ximalaya/types.ts
index 99d3735c60..6c3a59d001 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ximalaya/types.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ximalaya/types.ts
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ interface Track {
     intro: string;
     labelList: string[];
     isTrailer: number;
+    desc?: string;
 }
 
 export interface TrackInfoResponse {
diff --git a/lib/routes/xinpianchang/util.tsx b/lib/routes/xinpianchang/util.tsx
index b8cba4e2b1..0b003a5c4a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xinpianchang/util.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/xinpianchang/util.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
+import type { Language } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ const getData = (url) =>
                 title: $('span.bg-clip-text').text() || `${author}·${$('meta[property="og:title"]').prop('content').split('-', 1)[0]}`,
                 link: url,
                 description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-                language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+                language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
                 image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content'),
                 icon,
                 logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xjtlu/news.ts b/lib/routes/xjtlu/news.ts
index 14bc84be9b..271beb7ab4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xjtlu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xjtlu/news.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { OptionType } from 'dayjs';
 
 import InvalidParameterError from '@/errors/types/invalid-parameter';
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 // Parse date based on language
                 // English: "21 Jan 2026" with 'en' locale for month name recognition
                 // Chinese: "2026年01月20日" - numeric format, no locale needed
-                const pubDate = articleDate ? parseDate(articleDate, lang === 'en' ? 'DD MMM YYYY' : 'YYYY年MM月DD日', lang === 'en' ? 'en' : undefined) : undefined;
+                const pubDate = articleDate ? parseDate(articleDate, lang === 'en' ? 'DD MMM YYYY' : 'YYYY年MM月DD日', (lang === 'en' ? 'en' : undefined) as unknown as OptionType) : undefined;
 
                 return {
                     title: item.title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xjtu/2yuan/news.ts b/lib/routes/xjtu/2yuan/news.ts
index 140b7c38ad..edd8d27cba 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xjtu/2yuan/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xjtu/2yuan/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -51,18 +51,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.column_list h2')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.dy_date').text()), 8),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.dy_date').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xjtu/dean.ts b/lib/routes/xjtu/dean.ts
index 1d89404064..5ce1136ebb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xjtu/dean.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xjtu/dean.ts
@@ -53,13 +53,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#ny-main > div.ny.wp > ul > li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item: any) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').text();
-            const link = new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), base).href;
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').text();
+            const link = new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, base).href;
             return {
                 title,
                 link,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 8),
             };
         });
 
@@ -83,6 +83,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     return {
         title: `西安交大教务处 - ${subName}`,
         link: url,
-        item: out.filter((item) => item !== ''),
+        item: out.filter((item) => (item as DataItem | string) !== ''),
     } as Data;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/xjtu/dyyy/index.ts b/lib/routes/xjtu/dyyy/index.ts
index 274152e5bc..18152a3ae6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xjtu/dyyy/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xjtu/dyyy/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -25,24 +25,24 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = $('.list_right_con div li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), response.url).href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.data').text()),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, response.url).href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.data').text()),
             };
         });
 
     await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: response } = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 item.author = $('.content_source')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/责任编辑：(.*)\(点击/)[1];
+                    .match(/责任编辑：(.*)\(点击/)![1];
                 item.description = $('.content_con').html();
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/xjtu/ee.ts b/lib/routes/xjtu/ee.ts
index 612d7d4298..431e83b453 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xjtu/ee.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xjtu/ee.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,13 +42,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $("div[class='list_right fr'] ul li")
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
-            const date = parseDate(item.find('span').text());
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
+            const date = parseDate($item.find('span').text());
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), baseUrl).href,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, baseUrl).href,
                 pubDate: timezone(date, 8),
             };
         });
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: baseUrl,
         item: await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const res = await got(item.link);
                     const content = load(res.data);
                     item.title = content('tr td[class^=titlestyle]').text();
diff --git a/lib/routes/xjtu/gs/tzgg.ts b/lib/routes/xjtu/gs/tzgg.ts
index e076f6593e..398aa780be 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xjtu/gs/tzgg.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xjtu/gs/tzgg.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ async function handler() {
     const list = $('div.list_right_con ul li')
         .slice(0, 10)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('a');
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('a');
             return {
-                title: a.attr('title'),
-                link: new URL(a.attr('href'), 'http://gs.xjtu.edu.cn/').href,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.time').text()),
+                title: a.attr('title')!,
+                link: new URL(a.attr('href')!, 'http://gs.xjtu.edu.cn/').href,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.time').text()),
             };
         });
 
@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@ async function handler() {
         link: rootUrl,
         item: await Promise.all(
             list.map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const res = await got(item.link);
                     const content = load(res.data);
-                    item.description = content('#vsb_content').html() + (content('form ul').length > 0 ? content('form ul').html() : '');
+                    item.description = content('#vsb_content').html()! + (content('form ul').length > 0 ? content('form ul').html() : '')!;
                     return item;
                 })
             )
diff --git a/lib/routes/xjtu/international.ts b/lib/routes/xjtu/international.ts
index d5defa05bc..ab5c08f9aa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xjtu/international.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xjtu/international.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const name = $('div.pageTitle').text();
     const list = $('.news-list-a > .c')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').attr('title');
-            const pubDate = parseDate(item.find('p.list-time').text());
-            const link = new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), base).href;
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').attr('title');
+            const pubDate = parseDate($item.find('p.list-time').text());
+            const link = new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, base).href;
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 pubDate,
                 link,
             };
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const item = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                if (new URL(item.link).pathname.startsWith === '/content.jsp') {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                if (new URL(item.link!).pathname.startsWith('/content.jsp')) {
                     return item;
                 }
                 const resp = await got(item.link);
diff --git a/lib/routes/xjtu/std.tsx b/lib/routes/xjtu/std.tsx
index 95bb17a1b8..f637e6fcaf 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xjtu/std.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/xjtu/std.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,18 +44,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.c1017')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}/${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}/${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                item.description = renderToString(<XjtuStdDescription description={content('#vsb_newscontent').html()} attachments={content('#vsb_newscontent').parent().next().next().next().html()} />);
+                item.description = renderToString(<XjtuStdDescription description={content('#vsb_newscontent').html() ?? undefined} attachments={content('#vsb_newscontent').parent().next().next().next().html() ?? undefined} />);
                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('#vsb_newscontent').parent().prev().prev().text().split('&nbsp', 1)[0], 'YYYY年MM月DD日 HH:mm'), 8);
 
                 return item;
diff --git a/lib/routes/xjtu/zs.ts b/lib/routes/xjtu/zs.ts
index 4cab8994c8..c3e430c234 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xjtu/zs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xjtu/zs.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('section.TextList ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('a.flex');
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 link: linkUrl ? new URL(linkUrl, targetUrl).href : undefined,
                 category: categories,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? parseDate(upDatedStr) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -55,11 +55,11 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 }
 
                 return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link);
+                    const detailResponse = await ofetch(item.link!);
                     const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
                     const title: string = $$('div.show01 h5').text();
-                    const description: string | undefined = $$('div.v_news_content').html();
+                    const description: string | undefined = $$('div.v_news_content').html() ?? undefined;
                     const pubDateStr: string | undefined = $$('div.show01 i')
                         .text()
                         ?.match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})/)?.[1];
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                             text: description,
                         },
                         updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                        language,
+                        language: language as Language,
                     };
 
                     return {
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.logoimg img').attr('src'),
         author: $('META[Name="keywords"]').attr('Content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/xmanhua/index.ts b/lib/routes/xmanhua/index.ts
index 822d3f8609..62a4e85a80 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xmanhua/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xmanhua/index.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .filter((_, node) => node.type === 'text')
         .text();
     let finished = false;
-    let newOneDate = finished_text.split(',', 2)[1];
+    let newOneDate: string | Date = finished_text.split(',', 2)[1];
     if (newOneDate.includes('月') && newOneDate.includes('號')) {
         const month = Number.parseInt(newOneDate.split('月', 1)[0]);
         const date = Number.parseInt(newOneDate.split('月', 2)[1].split('號', 1)[0]);
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     // 最新一话的地址
     const updatedOne = $('div.detail-list-form-title span.s a').attr('href');
     const items = list.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const itemTitle = item.text();
-        const itemUrl = item.attr('href');
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const itemTitle = $item.text();
+        const itemUrl = $item.attr('href');
         const itemDate = itemUrl === updatedOne ? parseDate(newOneDate) : '';
         return {
             title: itemTitle,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xmnn/epaper.ts b/lib/routes/xmnn/epaper.ts
index eb09ecdeb9..ef1c7acf5c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xmnn/epaper.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xmnn/epaper.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -78,18 +78,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('a')
         .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 80)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.attr('href'), currentUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.attr('href')!, currentUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 content('#qw').remove();
 
                 item.description = content('.cont-b, content').html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.time').text() || content('.today').text().split()[0], ['YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm', 'YYYY年MM月DD日']), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.time').text() || content('.today').text(), ['YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm', 'YYYY年MM月DD日']), 8);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/xmnn/news.ts b/lib/routes/xmnn/news.ts
index e988aa9678..095347bd4c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xmnn/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xmnn/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -56,20 +56,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('h1').text().trim(),
-                link: item.prop('href'),
-                description: item.find('div.abstract').html(),
-                author: item.find('div.source').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('div.time').text()), 8),
+                title: $item.find('h1').text().trim(),
+                link: $item.prop('href'),
+                description: $item.find('div.abstract').html(),
+                author: $item.find('div.source').text() as string | string[],
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('div.time').text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -87,14 +87,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     const title = $('title').text();
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
         title,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
         subtitle: $('div.h').text(),
diff --git a/lib/routes/xmu/kydt.ts b/lib/routes/xmu/kydt.ts
index 4306f21b9c..2501be9e2a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xmu/kydt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xmu/kydt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('div.news li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('h4').text();
-            const time = item.find('h6').text();
-            const a = item.find('a').attr('href');
-            const fullUrl = new URL(a, host).href;
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('h4').text();
+            const time = $item.find('h6').text();
+            const a = $item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const fullUrl = new URL(a!, host).href;
 
             return {
                 title,
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const response = await ofetch(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                const response = await ofetch(item.link!);
                 const $ = load(response);
 
                 item.description = $('.v_news_content').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/xmut/jwc/bkjw.ts b/lib/routes/xmut/jwc/bkjw.ts
index a413bba451..8bf05bc296 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xmut/jwc/bkjw.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xmut/jwc/bkjw.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(res.data);
     const itemsArray = $('#result_list table tbody tr')
         .toArray()
-        .map((row) => {
+        .map((row): DataItem => {
             const res = $('td', row).eq(0);
             const resDate = $('td', row).eq(1);
             const resLink = $('a', res).attr('href');
             let link;
-            if (resLink.startsWith('../../')) {
-                const parsedUrl = new URL(resLink, xmut);
+            if (resLink!.startsWith('../../')) {
+                const parsedUrl = new URL(resLink!, xmut);
                 link = parsedUrl.href;
             } else {
                 link = resLink;
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const title = $('a', res).attr('title');
             const pubDate = parseDate(resDate.text());
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 link,
                 pubDate,
             };
         });
     const items = await Promise.all(
         itemsArray.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const res = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         referer: xmut,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xmut/jwc/yjs.ts b/lib/routes/xmut/jwc/yjs.ts
index d57485c5ab..3180e367c1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xmut/jwc/yjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xmut/jwc/yjs.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -31,17 +31,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(res.data);
     const items = $('.mainWrap .main_con .main_conR ul li')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('em').text(),
-                link: `${xmut}/` + item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                title: $item.find('em').text(),
+                link: `${xmut}/` + $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
     const itemPromises = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         referer: xmut,
diff --git a/lib/routes/xsijishe/forum.ts b/lib/routes/xsijishe/forum.ts
index d1c6d9a0c3..b9b43fdc48 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xsijishe/forum.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xsijishe/forum.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -55,23 +55,23 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const forumCategory = $('.nex_bkinterls_top .nex_bkinterls_ls a').text();
     let items = $('[id^="normalthread"]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const nexAuthorBtms = item.find('.nex_author_btms');
-            const nexForumtitTopA = item.find('.nex_forumtit_top a').first();
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const nexAuthorBtms = $item.find('.nex_author_btms');
+            const nexForumtitTopA = $item.find('.nex_forumtit_top a').first();
             const nexFtdate = nexAuthorBtms.find('.nex_ftdate');
             const pubDate = nexFtdate.find('span').length > 0 ? nexFtdate.find('span').attr('title') : nexFtdate.text().replace('发表于', '');
             return {
                 title: nexForumtitTopA.text().trim(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(pubDate.trim()),
+                pubDate: parseDate(pubDate!.trim()),
                 category: nexAuthorBtms.find('em a').text().trim(),
                 link: baseUrl + '/' + nexForumtitTopA.attr('href'),
-                author: item.find('.nex_threads_author').find('a').text().trim(),
+                author: $item.find('.nex_threads_author').find('a').text().trim(),
             };
         });
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const resp = await got(item.link, {
                     headers,
                 });
@@ -79,13 +79,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const firstViewBox = $('.t_f').first();
 
                 firstViewBox.find('img').each((_, img) => {
-                    img = $(img);
-                    if (img.attr('zoomfile')) {
-                        img.attr('src', img.attr('zoomfile'));
-                        img.removeAttr('zoomfile');
-                        img.removeAttr('file');
+                    const $img = $(img);
+                    if ($img.attr('zoomfile')) {
+                        $img.attr('src', $img.attr('zoomfile'));
+                        $img.removeAttr('zoomfile');
+                        $img.removeAttr('file');
                     }
-                    img.removeAttr('onmouseover');
+                    $img.removeAttr('onmouseover');
                 });
 
                 item.description = firstViewBox.html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/xsijishe/rank.ts b/lib/routes/xsijishe/rank.ts
index 09a27c6d2a..ceba5a5be4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xsijishe/rank.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xsijishe/rank.ts
@@ -73,10 +73,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .find('.nex_recons_demens dl dd')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const title = item.find('h5').text().trim();
-                const link = item.find('a').attr('href');
-                const description = item.find('img').prop('outerHTML') ?? '';
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const title = $item.find('h5').text().trim();
+                const link = $item.find('a').attr('href');
+                const description = $item.find('img').prop('outerHTML') ?? '';
 
                 if (!title || !link) {
                     return;
diff --git a/lib/routes/xueqiu/snb.ts b/lib/routes/xueqiu/snb.ts
index 32ac6e1abf..a23689d7eb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xueqiu/snb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xueqiu/snb.ts
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const data = response.data;
     const pattern = /SNB.cubeInfo = \{(.+)\}/;
     const info = pattern.exec(data);
-    const obj = JSON.parse('{' + info[1] + '}');
+    const obj = JSON.parse('{' + info![1] + '}');
     const rebalancing_histories = obj.sell_rebalancing.rebalancing_histories;
     const snb_title = obj.name + ' 的调仓历史';
     const snb_description = obj.description;
diff --git a/lib/routes/xueqiu/user.ts b/lib/routes/xueqiu/user.ts
index 2b97265a56..4009c40ca2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xueqiu/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xueqiu/user.ts
@@ -37,6 +37,15 @@ export const route: Route = {
 | 0      | 2    | 4    | 9    | 11   |`,
 };
 
+interface Status {
+    id: number;
+    target: string;
+    created_at: number;
+    mark?: number;
+    legal_user_visible?: boolean;
+    user?: { screen_name?: string; profile_image_url?: string; photo_domain?: string };
+}
+
 const stripHtml = (html: string): string => sanitizeHtml(html, { allowedTags: [], allowedAttributes: {} });
 
 // Build a feed item from the timeline list data alone (no detail request).
@@ -114,7 +123,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         },
     });
 
-    const data = response.statuses.filter((s) => s.mark !== 1); // 去除置顶动态
+    const data: Status[] = response.statuses.filter((s) => s.mark !== 1); // 去除置顶动态
 
     // Use p-map to limit concurrency and avoid triggering Xueqiu show.json rate limiting.
     const items = await pMap(
diff --git a/lib/routes/xwenming/index.ts b/lib/routes/xwenming/index.ts
index b7d88cd079..627ec55626 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xwenming/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xwenming/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             image,
             banner: image,
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         item: items,
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('meta[name="msapplication-TileImage"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/xys/new.tsx b/lib/routes/xys/new.tsx
index c50e50dfdf..3fa1ec3edb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xys/new.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/xys/new.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('li a')
         .slice(4, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 30)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            let link = item.attr('href');
-            /^https?:\/\//.test(link) || (link = rootUrl + '/' + link.replace(/^\//, ''));
-            let date = item.parent().text().trim().slice(0, 8);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
+            let link = $item.attr('href');
+            /^https?:\/\//.test(link!) || (link = rootUrl + '/' + link!.replace(/^\//, ''));
+            let date: string | Date = $item.parent().text().trim().slice(0, 8);
             date = parseDate(date, 'YY.MM.DD');
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
+                title: $item.text(),
                 link,
                 pubDate: date,
             };
@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items
-            .filter((item) => !item.link.endsWith('.zip'))
+            .filter((item) => !item.link!.endsWith('.zip'))
             .map((item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                     const youTube = /(?:https?:\/\/)?(?:www\.)?youtu\.?be.*(?:v=|v\/|\/)([\w-]+)&?/g;
-                    const matchYoutube = item.link.match(youTube);
+                    const matchYoutube = item.link!.match(youTube);
 
                     if (matchYoutube) {
-                        item.description = renderDescription(item.link.slice(32));
+                        item.description = renderDescription(item.link!.slice(32));
                     } else {
                         const detailResponse = await got({
                             method: 'get',
diff --git a/lib/routes/xyu/notices.ts b/lib/routes/xyu/notices.ts
index 20b01e439e..3566f162c6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xyu/notices.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xyu/notices.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -105,6 +105,6 @@ async function handler() {
     return {
         title: '新余学院 - 通知公告',
         link: url,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/yahoo/news/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/yahoo/news/utils.tsx
index ea3f230915..470e89b0ac 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yahoo/news/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/yahoo/news/utils.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
@@ -147,9 +148,11 @@ const parseItem = (item) =>
         const $ = load(response);
 
         const ldJson = JSON.parse(
-            $('script[type="application/ld+json"]')
-                .toArray()
-                .find((ele) => $(ele).text().includes('"@type":"NewsArticle"'))?.children[0].data || '{}'
+            (
+                $('script[type="application/ld+json"]')
+                    .toArray()
+                    .find((ele) => $(ele).text().includes('"@type":"NewsArticle"'))?.children as Text[] | undefined
+            )?.[0].data || '{}'
         );
         const author = ldJson.author?.name;
         const body = $('.atoms').length ? $('.atoms') : $('.article-detail').length ? $('.article-detail') : $('.bodyItems-wrapper');
diff --git a/lib/routes/yamibo/bbs/forum.ts b/lib/routes/yamibo/bbs/forum.ts
index c2755afec3..2c045a91d9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yamibo/bbs/forum.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yamibo/bbs/forum.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
 
     const params = new URLSearchParams();
     params.set('mod', 'forumdisplay');
-    params.set('fid', fid);
+    params.set('fid', fid!);
     params.set('orderby', 'dateline');
     if (type) {
         params.set('filter', 'typeid');
diff --git a/lib/routes/yamibo/bbs/thread.ts b/lib/routes/yamibo/bbs/thread.ts
index 042e740a59..62c55df796 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yamibo/bbs/thread.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yamibo/bbs/thread.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
     const tid = ctx.req.param('tid');
 
-    const { data, link } = await fetchThread(tid, { ordertype: '1' });
+    const { data, link } = await fetchThread(tid!, { ordertype: '1' });
 
     if (!data) {
         return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/yamibo/utils.ts b/lib/routes/yamibo/utils.ts
index 1fcdb07f49..83e73faa25 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yamibo/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yamibo/utils.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import type { Cheerio, Element } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Cheerio } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import { JSDOM } from 'jsdom';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
diff --git a/lib/routes/yangtzeu/dongke.ts b/lib/routes/yangtzeu/dongke.ts
index f5c72ceb72..b380e1b73c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yangtzeu/dongke.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yangtzeu/dongke.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     let items = $('ul.list-item li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: new URL(item.prop('href'), rootUrl).href,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: new URL($item.prop('href')!, rootUrl).href,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse);
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     parseDate(
                         content('p.content-info')
                             .text()
-                            .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}/)[1]
+                            .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}/)![0]
                     ),
                     8
                 );
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: items,
         title: $('title').text(),
         link: currentUrl,
-        language: 'zh-cn',
-        image: new URL($('#head-img a img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href,
+        language: 'zh-CN' as Language,
+        image: new URL($('#head-img a img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href,
         author: '长江大学动物科学学院',
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ycwb/index.tsx b/lib/routes/ycwb/index.tsx
index ab7cbe89fb..a95b5fe467 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ycwb/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/ycwb/index.tsx
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const children = content('.path').children('a');
                 for (const child of children) {
                     if (content(child).text() === nodeName && nodeLink === '') {
-                        nodeLink = content(child).attr('href');
+                        nodeLink = content(child).attr('href')!;
                     }
                 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/yicai/carousel.ts b/lib/routes/yicai/carousel.ts
index ccace05d02..3598f25f21 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yicai/carousel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yicai/carousel.ts
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ async function handler() {
         fetchFullArticles(
             $('#breaknews a')
                 .toArray()
-                .map((e) => ({ link: new URL($(e).attr('href'), rootUrl).href, title: $(e).text() }))
+                .map((e) => ({ link: new URL($(e).attr('href')!, rootUrl).href, title: $(e).text() }))
         )
     );
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/yicai/dt.ts b/lib/routes/yicai/dt.ts
index 860cd89def..316d226bf0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yicai/dt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yicai/dt.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -124,15 +124,15 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 content('div.logintips').remove();
 
                 content('img').each((_, e) => {
-                    e = content(e);
+                    const $e = content(e);
 
-                    content(e).replaceWith(
+                    content($e).replaceWith(
                         renderDescription({
                             image: {
-                                src: e.prop('data-original') ?? e.prop('src'),
-                                alt: e.prop('alt'),
-                                width: e.prop('width'),
-                                height: e.prop('height'),
+                                src: $e.prop('data-original') ?? $e.prop('src'),
+                                alt: $e.prop('alt'),
+                                width: $e.prop('width'),
+                                height: $e.prop('height'),
                             },
                         })
                     );
@@ -154,14 +154,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const title = $('title').text();
     const image = $('div.logo a img').prop('src');
-    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href'), rootUrl).href;
+    const icon = new URL($('link[rel="shortcut icon"]').prop('href')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         item: items,
         title: `${$(`a[data-cid="${category}"]`).text()}${title}`,
         link: currentUrl,
         description: $('meta[name="keywords"]').prop('content'),
-        language: 'zh',
+        language: 'zh' as Language,
         image,
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/yicai/utils.ts b/lib/routes/yicai/utils.ts
index c33c97535b..6e8e1ab634 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yicai/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yicai/utils.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ function fetchFullArticles(items) {
 
             if (!item.pubDate) {
                 const dataScript = content("script[src='/js/alert.min.js']").next().text() || content('title').next().text();
-                const pb = new Map(JSON.parse(dataScript.match(/_pb = (\[.*?\]);/)[1].replaceAll("'", '"')));
+                const pb = new Map(JSON.parse(dataScript.match(/_pb = (\[.*?\]);/)![1].replaceAll("'", '"')));
                 item.pubDate = parseDate(`${pb.get('actime')}:00`);
             }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ymgal/article.ts b/lib/routes/ymgal/article.ts
index 8ed4a24e8c..4f7bcb2f27 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ymgal/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ymgal/article.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = ctx.req.param('type') || 'all';
 
     const link = `${host}/co/topic/list` + types[type];
-    let data = [];
+    let data: any[] = [];
     if (type === 'all') {
         await Promise.all(
             Object.values(types).map(async (type) => {
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
                 const result = await got(itemUrl);
                 const $ = load(result.data);
-                const description = $('article').html().trim();
+                const description = $('article').html()!.trim();
                 return {
                     title: item.title,
                     link: itemUrl,
diff --git a/lib/routes/ymgal/game.tsx b/lib/routes/ymgal/game.tsx
index 3efecc38d1..380c1bbd43 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ymgal/game.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/ymgal/game.tsx
@@ -47,13 +47,13 @@ async function handler() {
     const items =
         list &&
         list.map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const itemPicUrl = item.find('.lazy').first().attr('data-original');
-            const tags = item.find('.tag-info-list').children();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const itemPicUrl = $item.find('.lazy').first().attr('data-original');
+            const tags = $item.find('.tag-info-list').children();
             const taginfo = tags.toArray().map((elem) => $(elem).text());
             return {
-                title: item.attr('title'),
-                link: `${host}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.attr('title')!,
+                link: `${host}${$item.attr('href')}`,
                 description: renderDescription(itemPicUrl, taginfo),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/yna/index.ts b/lib/routes/yna/index.ts
index 6138879a8a..101d718acd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yna/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yna/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const feed = await parser.parseURL(url);
     const items = await Promise.all(
         feed.items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                item.pubDate = lang === 'ko' ? parseDate(item.pubDate) : timezone(parseDate(item.pubDate), 9); // Timezone is only included in the pubDate of the Korean language RSS
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
+                item.pubDate = (lang === 'ko' ? parseDate(item.pubDate!) : timezone(parseDate(item.pubDate!), 9)) as unknown as string; // Timezone is only included in the pubDate of the Korean language RSS
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 item.author =
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: feed.title,
+        title: feed.title!,
         link: feed.link,
         description: feed.description,
         language: feed.language ?? lang,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/ynet/list.ts b/lib/routes/ynet/list.ts
index 62875ea302..94cdd689df 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ynet/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ynet/list.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     let items: DataItem[] = $('li.cfix')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((el): Element => {
+        .map((el) => {
             const $el: Cheerio<Element> = $(el);
             const $aEl: Cheerio<Element> = $el.find('h2 a');
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 pubDate: pubDateStr ? timezone(parseDate(pubDateStr), 8) : undefined,
                 link: linkUrl,
                 updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : undefined,
-                language,
+                language: language as Language,
             };
 
             return processedItem;
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
             }
 
             return cache.tryGet(item.link, async (): Promise<DataItem> => {
-                const [detailResponse, finalUrl] = await getFinalContentAndUrl(item.link);
+                const [detailResponse, finalUrl] = await getFinalContentAndUrl(item.link!);
 
                 const $$: CheerioAPI = load(detailResponse);
 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                         text: description,
                     },
                     updated: upDatedStr ? timezone(parseDate(upDatedStr), 8) : item.updated,
-                    language,
+                    language: language as Language,
                 };
 
                 return {
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('div.cul_logo img').attr('src') ? `https:${$('div.cul_logo img').attr('src')}` : undefined,
         author: $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/yoasobi-music/jsonp-helper.ts b/lib/routes/yoasobi-music/jsonp-helper.ts
index 0fa2f52112..9644821f35 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yoasobi-music/jsonp-helper.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yoasobi-music/jsonp-helper.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ function parseJSONP(jsonpData) {
 
         return JSON.parse(jsonString);
     } catch (error_) {
-        const error = new Error(`Failed to convert jsonp to json. ${error_.message}`);
+        const error = new Error(`Failed to convert jsonp to json. ${(error_ as Error).message}`);
         throw error;
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/yoasobi-music/media.tsx b/lib/routes/yoasobi-music/media.tsx
index a702e9e7f3..3bf425d50c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yoasobi-music/media.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/yoasobi-music/media.tsx
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const response = await ofetch(api);
 
-    const data = Object.values(parseJSONP(response.data).items)
+    const data = Object.values<Array<{ date: string; youbi: string; startTime?: string; endTime?: string; media: string; program?: string; note: string }>>(parseJSONP(response.data).items)
         .flat()
-        .toSorted((a, b) => new Date(b.date) - new Date(a.date))
+        .toSorted((a, b) => new Date(b.date).getTime() - new Date(a.date).getTime())
         .map((item) => ({
             date: item.date,
             weekDay: item.youbi,
diff --git a/lib/routes/yomiuri/news.ts b/lib/routes/yomiuri/news.ts
index d5290d3fbc..234b0170f4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yomiuri/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yomiuri/news.ts
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         list = $('.news-top-latest__list .news-top-latest__list-item__inner')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('h3 a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('h3 a');
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
                     link: a.attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('time').attr('datetime')), 9),
-                    locked: item.find('.icon-locked').length,
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('time').attr('datetime')!), 9),
+                    locked: $item.find('.icon-locked').length,
                 };
             });
     } else {
@@ -76,13 +76,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         list = $('.layout-contents__main .c-list-title')
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('h3 a');
-                const parent = item.parent();
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('h3 a');
+                const parent = $item.parent();
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
                     link: a.attr('href'),
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(parent.find('time').attr('datetime')), 9),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(parent.find('time').attr('datetime')!), 9),
                     locked: parent.find('.c-list-member-only').length,
                 };
             });
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 });
 
                 item.description = mainContent.html();
-                item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')); // 2023-05-17T22:33:00+09:00
-                item.updated = parseDate($('meta[property="article:modified_time"]').attr('content'));
+                item.pubDate = parseDate($('meta[property="article:published_time"]').attr('content')!); // 2023-05-17T22:33:00+09:00
+                item.updated = parseDate($('meta[property="article:modified_time"]').attr('content')!);
 
                 const tag = $('.p-header-category-breadcrumbs li a').last().text();
                 item.category = tag;
diff --git a/lib/routes/yomujp/level.ts b/lib/routes/yomujp/level.ts
index 602a87ac47..847850f08c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yomujp/level.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yomujp/level.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Element } from 'domhandler';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import md5 from '@/utils/md5';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const level = formatLevel(ctx.req.param('level'));
     const url = new URL('https://yomujp.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts');
     url.searchParams.append('categories', getLevel(level));
-    url.searchParams.append('per_page', Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) || 10);
+    url.searchParams.append('per_page', `${Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) || 10}`);
     const posts = await get(url);
 
     const item = posts.map((post) => {
@@ -48,8 +49,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 if (el.tagName === 'img') {
                     return `<img src=${el.attribs.src} />`;
                 }
-                if (el.firstChild.tagName === 'p') {
-                    return `<p>${$(el.firstChild).html()}</p>`;
+                if ((el.firstChild as Element).tagName === 'p') {
+                    return `<p>${$(el.firstChild!).html()}</p>`;
                 }
                 return `<p>${$(el).html()}</p>`;
             })
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: level ? `${level.toUpperCase()} | 日本語多読道場` : '日本語多読道場',
         link: `https://yomujp.com/${level}`,
         description: 'みなさん、こんにちは。 「 日本語多読道場(にほんごたどくどうじょう) Yomujp」は日本語を勉強する人のための読みものサイト（website）です。 日本の地理、食べもの、動物、植物、文化や歴史などを紹介します。',
-        language: 'ja-jp',
+        language: 'ja' as Language,
         itunes_author: 'Yomujp',
         image: 'https://yomujp.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/top1-2-300x99-1.png',
         item,
diff --git a/lib/routes/youku/channel.tsx b/lib/routes/youku/channel.tsx
index 0122c07487..4446a2b527 100644
--- a/lib/routes/youku/channel.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/youku/channel.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import path from 'node:path';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -55,12 +55,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         item: list
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const title = item.find('a.videoitem_videolink').attr('title');
-                const cover = item.find('a.videoitem_videolink > img').attr('src');
-                const $link = item.find('a.videoitem_videolink');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const title = $item.find('a.videoitem_videolink').attr('title')!;
+                const cover = $item.find('a.videoitem_videolink > img').attr('src');
+                const $link = $item.find('a.videoitem_videolink');
                 const link = $link.length > 0 ? `https:${$link.attr('href')}` : null;
-                const dateText = item.find('p.videoitem_subtitle').text().split('-').length === 2 ? `${new Date().getFullYear()}-${item.find('p.videoitem_subtitle').text()}` : item.find('p.videoitem_subtitle').text();
+                const dateText = $item.find('p.videoitem_subtitle').text().split('-').length === 2 ? `${new Date().getFullYear()}-${$item.find('p.videoitem_subtitle').text()}` : $item.find('p.videoitem_subtitle').text();
                 const pubDate = parseDate(dateText);
 
                 if (!link) {
@@ -80,6 +80,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     pubDate,
                 };
             })
-            .filter(Boolean),
+            .filter(Boolean) as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/youzhiyouxing/materials.ts b/lib/routes/youzhiyouxing/materials.ts
index 926c6ac217..1b6f70fcb6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/youzhiyouxing/materials.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/youzhiyouxing/materials.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -64,19 +64,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('li[id*="material"]')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.tw-text-t-muted').text(), ['YYYY年M月D日', 'M月D日']),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.tw-text-t-muted').text(), ['YYYY年M月D日', 'M月D日']),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 item.author = content('.tw-inline').text().replace('·', '');
                 item.description = content('#zx-material-marker-root')
-                    .html()
+                    .html()!
                     .replaceAll(/(<img.*?) src(=.*?>)/g, '$1 data$2')
                     .replaceAll(/(<img.*?) data-src(=.*?>)/g, '$1 src$2');
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/yuanliao/index.ts b/lib/routes/yuanliao/index.ts
index a3871ee9c2..7e8d99d23e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yuanliao/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yuanliao/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { CheerioAPI } from 'cheerio';
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
-import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         const description: string | undefined = firstPostData?.type && firstPostData.id ? includedMap.get(`${firstPostData.type}-${firstPostData.id}`)?.attributes?.contentHtml : undefined;
         const pubDate: number | string = attributes.createdAt;
         const linkUrl: string | undefined = item.id ? `d/${item.id}` : undefined;
-        const categories: string[] = [...new Set(relationships?.tags?.data?.map((tag) => `${tag.type}-${tag.id}`)?.map((key) => includedMap.get(key)?.attributes?.name))].filter(Boolean);
+        const categories: string[] = [...new Set(relationships?.tags?.data?.map((tag) => `${tag.type}-${tag.id}`)?.map((key) => includedMap.get(key)?.attributes?.name))].filter(Boolean) as string[];
 
         const userData = relationships?.user?.data;
         const userAttributes = userData && userData.type && userData.id ? includedMap.get(`${userData.type}-${userData.id}`)?.attributes : undefined;
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
                 text: description,
             },
             updated: updated ? parseDate(updated) : undefined,
-            language,
+            language: language as Language,
         };
 
         return processedItem;
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         allowEmpty: true,
         image: $('img.Header-logo').attr('src'),
         author: $('img.Header-logo').attr('alt'),
-        language,
+        language: language as Language,
         id: targetUrl,
     };
 };
diff --git a/lib/routes/yuque/book.ts b/lib/routes/yuque/book.ts
index 44e36a2069..49db19a621 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yuque/book.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yuque/book.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         cookieJar,
     });
     const $ = load(bookHtml);
-    const appData = JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent($('script').text().match(APP_DATA_REGEX)[1]));
+    const appData = JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent($('script').text().match(APP_DATA_REGEX)![1]));
 
     const bookId = appData.book.id;
 
@@ -87,19 +87,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 $('[data-lake-id]').removeAttr('data-lake-id');
                 $('[id]').removeAttr('id');
                 $('p').each((_, elem) => {
-                    elem = $(elem);
-                    if (elem.children().length === 1 && elem.children().is('br')) {
-                        elem.remove();
+                    const $elem = $(elem);
+                    if ($elem.children().length === 1 && $elem.children().is('br')) {
+                        $elem.remove();
                     }
-                    if (elem.children().length === 2 && elem.children().eq(0).is('span') && elem.children().eq(0).text().length === 1 && elem.children().eq(1).is('br')) {
-                        elem.remove();
+                    if ($elem.children().length === 2 && $elem.children().eq(0).is('span') && $elem.children().eq(0).text().length === 1 && $elem.children().eq(1).is('br')) {
+                        $elem.remove();
                     }
                 });
                 // obtain real video src
                 for await (const v of $('video').toArray()) {
                     const $v = $(v);
                     const src = $v.attr('src');
-                    if (src.startsWith('inputs')) {
+                    if (src!.startsWith('inputs')) {
                         const { data } = await got(`${baseUrl}/api/video`, {
                             searchParams: {
                                 video_id: src,
diff --git a/lib/routes/yxdown/news.ts b/lib/routes/yxdown/news.ts
index 1869e24957..cfb53cf51b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yxdown/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yxdown/news.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,18 +45,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.div_zixun h2 a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: `${rootUrl}${item.attr('href')}`,
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: `${rootUrl}${$item.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         cookie,
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 content('h1, .intro').remove();
 
                 item.description = content('.news').html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')!), 8);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/yxdown/recommend.ts b/lib/routes/yxdown/recommend.ts
index df54c25a5e..f4e8ff8252 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yxdown/recommend.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yxdown/recommend.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -45,18 +45,18 @@ async function handler() {
 
     const list = $('ul li a b')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                link: item.parent().attr('href'),
+                title: $item.text(),
+                link: $item.parent().attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link, {
                     headers: {
                         cookie,
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 content('h1, .intro').remove();
 
                 item.description = content('.news').html();
-                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')), 8);
+                item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('meta[property="og:release_date"]').attr('content')!), 8);
 
                 return item;
             })
diff --git a/lib/routes/yxdzqb/index.tsx b/lib/routes/yxdzqb/index.tsx
index 7d2a9bae9a..b5bb653f16 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yxdzqb/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/yxdzqb/index.tsx
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('tr.bg-none');
 
     const out = list.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
+        const $item = $(item);
 
-        const title = item.find('div table:nth-child(1) tr td:nth-child(1)').text();
-        const description = renderToString(<YxdzqbDescription src={item.find('table.cell_tabs > tbody > tr > td:nth-child(1) > img').attr('src')} description={item.find('div.collapse').html()} />);
-        const link = item.find('div.collapse table.cell_tabs > tbody > tr > td:nth-child(1) > a').attr('href');
-        const guid = link + item.find('div.cell_price span:nth-child(2)').text();
+        const title = $item.find('div table:nth-child(1) tr td:nth-child(1)').text();
+        const description = renderToString(<YxdzqbDescription src={$item.find('table.cell_tabs > tbody > tr > td:nth-child(1) > img').attr('src')} description={$item.find('div.collapse').html() ?? undefined} />);
+        const link = $item.find('div.collapse table.cell_tabs > tbody > tr > td:nth-child(1) > a').attr('href');
+        const guid = link + $item.find('div.cell_price span:nth-child(2)').text();
 
         const single = {
             title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/yxrb/home.ts b/lib/routes/yxrb/home.ts
index d9f859b817..194d82f86b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yxrb/home.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yxrb/home.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -43,18 +43,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.channel-news .item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('.title a').attr('title'),
-                link: `${baseUrl}${item.find('.title a').attr('href')}`,
-                author: item.find('.author a').text().split('作者 : ', 2)[1],
+                title: $item.find('.title a').attr('title')!,
+                link: `${baseUrl}${$item.find('.title a').attr('href')}`,
+                author: $item.find('.author a').text().split('作者 : ', 2)[1],
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const response = await got(item.link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/yyets/article.ts b/lib/routes/yyets/article.ts
index ef6a6a7ed8..6bbbcef333 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yyets/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yyets/article.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -54,19 +54,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let items = $('.article-list li .fl-info')
         .toArray()
-        .map((e) => {
-            e = $(e);
+        .map((e): DataItem => {
+            const $e = $(e);
             return {
-                title: e.find('h3 a').text(),
-                link: `${baseURL}${e.find('h3 a').attr('href')}`,
-                author: e.find('p a').text(),
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(e.find('p').eq(2).text()), 8),
+                title: $e.find('h3 a').text(),
+                link: `${baseURL}${$e.find('h3 a').attr('href')}`,
+                author: $e.find('p a').text(),
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($e.find('p').eq(2).text()), 8),
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/yyets/today.ts b/lib/routes/yyets/today.ts
index 0b6391e521..9f59e0d818 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yyets/today.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yyets/today.ts
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ async function handler() {
         title: '人人影视-今日播出',
         link: 'https://yysub.net',
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').first().text(),
-                link: item.find('a').attr('href'),
-                guid: item.find('a').first().text(),
+                title: $item.find('a').first().text(),
+                link: $item.find('a').attr('href'),
+                guid: $item.find('a').first().text(),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zagg/new-arrivals.tsx b/lib/routes/zagg/new-arrivals.tsx
index ab06baebc9..ce78e7c706 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zagg/new-arrivals.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/zagg/new-arrivals.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 const host = 'https://www.zagg.com/en_us';
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.item.product.product-item')
         .toArray()
         .map((element) => {
-            const data = {};
+            const data: DataItem = { title: '' };
             const details = $(element).find('.product.details-box').html();
             data.link = $(element).find('.product-item-link').eq(0).attr('href');
             data.title = $(element).find('.product-item-link').text();
             const regex = /(https.*?)\?/;
-            const imgUrl = $(element).find('img').eq(0).attr('data-src').match(regex)[1];
+            const imgUrl = $(element).find('img').eq(0).attr('data-src')!.match(regex)![1];
             const img = renderToString(
                 <div>
                     <img src={imgUrl} />
diff --git a/lib/routes/zaimanhua/comic.ts b/lib/routes/zaimanhua/comic.ts
index 0f9d92b076..551012e809 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zaimanhua/comic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zaimanhua/comic.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const comicInfo = response.data.comicInfo;
     const status = comicInfo.chapterList[0].title; // 更新状态
-    const data = comicInfo.chapterList[0].data;
+    const data = comicInfo.chapterList[0].data as Array<Record<string, any>>;
     const comicPy = comicInfo.comicPy;
     const comicTitle = comicInfo.title;
     const items = await pMap(
diff --git a/lib/routes/zaimanhua/update.ts b/lib/routes/zaimanhua/update.ts
index 987eed2ee5..af527d2973 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zaimanhua/update.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zaimanhua/update.ts
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
         });
 
         // 近期更新漫画数据
-        const updateData = response.data.comicList;
+        const updateData = response.data.comicList as Array<Record<string, any>>;
         const items = await pMap(
             updateData,
             async (item) => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/zaobao/util.tsx b/lib/routes/zaobao/util.tsx
index 47e6f30f79..99b47986bf 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zaobao/util.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/zaobao/util.tsx
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ export const parseList = async (
                         .attr('content')
                         ?.split(',')
                         .map((s) => s.trim());
-                    $1 = load($1('.articleBody').html(), null, false);
+                    $1 = load($1('.articleBody').html()!, null, false);
                     images = [{ url: ldJson.image[0].url }];
                 } else {
                     category = ldJson.keywords?.split(',');
diff --git a/lib/routes/zcmu/jwc/index.ts b/lib/routes/zcmu/jwc/index.ts
index 8d51235fdc..1c2a0c4e50 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zcmu/jwc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zcmu/jwc/index.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('type'));
-    const id = map.get(type).id;
+    const id = map.get(type)!.id;
     const res = await got({
         method: 'get',
         url: `${host}/${id}.htm`,
@@ -48,16 +48,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.winstyle196327 tr:lt(20)')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                link: `https://jwc.zcmu.edu.cn/${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span.timestyle196327').text().trim()),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                link: `https://jwc.zcmu.edu.cn/${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span.timestyle196327').text().trim()),
             };
         });
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link: `${host}${id}`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zcmu/yxy/index.ts b/lib/routes/zcmu/yxy/index.ts
index 084722a70a..478cc38fed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zcmu/yxy/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zcmu/yxy/index.ts
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('type'));
-    const id = map.get(type).id;
+    const id = map.get(type)!.id;
     const res = await got({
         method: 'get',
         url: `${host}/${id}.htm`,
@@ -49,16 +49,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('.lm_list li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').text(),
-                link: `https://yxy.zcmu.edu.cn/${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
+                title: $item.find('a').text(),
+                link: `https://yxy.zcmu.edu.cn/${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
             };
         });
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link: `${host}${id}`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zcool/discover.ts b/lib/routes/zcool/discover.ts
index fd3e587c34..67391a5f44 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zcool/discover.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zcool/discover.ts
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         44: { 417: '文案/策划', 798: 'VR设计', 683: '独立游戏', 45: '其他', 824: '文章' },
     };
 
-    const queries = {
+    const queries: Record<string, string> = {
         cate: '0',
         subCate: ctx.req.param('subCate') ?? '0',
         city: ctx.req.param('city') ?? '0',
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhibo8/forum.ts b/lib/routes/zhibo8/forum.ts
index df0a87df7c..5c6ef223bf 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhibo8/forum.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhibo8/forum.ts
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
         list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const a = item.find('td:nth-child(1) > a:nth-child(2)');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const a = $item.find('td:nth-child(1) > a:nth-child(2)');
             const link = 'https://bbs.zhibo8.cc' + a.attr('href');
             return cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const title = a.text();
-                const author = item.find('td:nth-child(2) cite a').text();
-                const date = item.find('td:nth-child(2) em').text();
+                const author = $item.find('td:nth-child(2) cite a').text();
+                const date = $item.find('td:nth-child(2) em').text();
 
                 const response = await got(link);
                 const $ = load(response.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhibo8/luxiang.ts b/lib/routes/zhibo8/luxiang.ts
index 3c6a776287..17742d7fc7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhibo8/luxiang.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhibo8/luxiang.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Text } from 'domhandler';
 
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -35,17 +36,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.box')
         .toArray()
         .flatMap((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const dateStr = item.find('h2').text().split(' ', 1)[0];
-            return item
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const dateStr = $item.find('h2').text().split(' ', 1)[0];
+            return $item
                 .find('a')
                 .toArray()
                 .map((item) => {
                     const href = $(item).attr('href');
                     return {
-                        title: `${item.previousSibling.data.replace(' | ', '')} ${$(item).text()}`,
+                        title: `${(item.previousSibling as Text).data.replace(' | ', '')} ${$(item).text()}`,
                         link: `${rootUrl}${href}`,
-                        pubDate: timezone(parseDate(`${href.replace(`/${category}/`, '').slice(0, 4)} ${dateStr}`, 'YYYY M月D日'), 8),
+                        pubDate: timezone(parseDate(`${href!.replace(`/${category}/`, '').slice(0, 4)} ${dateStr}`, 'YYYY M月D日'), 8),
                     };
                 });
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhibo8/more.ts b/lib/routes/zhibo8/more.ts
index 7b2cbc80f3..83f5ec8193 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhibo8/more.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhibo8/more.ts
@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             .slice(0, ctx.req.query('limit') ? Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit')) : 100)
             .toArray()
             .map((item) => {
-                item = $(item);
-                const a = item.find('a');
+                const $item = $(item);
+                const a = $item.find('a');
 
                 return {
                     title: a.text(),
                     link: `https:${a.attr('href')}`,
-                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('span.postTime').text()), 8),
-                    category: item.attr('data-label').split(',').filter(Boolean),
+                    pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('span.postTime').text()), 8),
+                    category: $item.attr('data-label')!.split(',').filter(Boolean),
                 };
             });
     } else {
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhibo8/post.ts b/lib/routes/zhibo8/post.ts
index 98d72ffb5c..245af50d92 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhibo8/post.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhibo8/post.ts
@@ -34,16 +34,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('.topic-content .topic-table');
 
     const out = list.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const author = item.find('.topic-left > div > a').text();
-        const floor = item.find('p.topic-foot span:nth-child(2)').text();
-        const description = item.find('.detail_ent').html().replaceAll('src="', 'src="https:');
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const author = $item.find('.topic-left > div > a').text();
+        const floor = $item.find('p.topic-foot span:nth-child(2)').text();
+        const description = $item.find('.detail_ent').html()!.replaceAll('src="', 'src="https:');
         const pubDate = timezone(
             parseDate(
-                item
+                $item
                     .find('p.topic-foot')
                     .text()
-                    .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}/)[0],
+                    .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}/)![0],
                 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm'
             ),
             8
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/all-collections.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/all-collections.ts
index adf55d3379..b9c64721ec 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/all-collections.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/all-collections.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Collection, CollectionItem, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
+import type { Collection, CollectionItem } from './types';
 import { header } from './utils';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -109,11 +110,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const content = item.content;
 
             return {
-                title: content.type === 'article' || content.type === 'zvideo' ? content.title : content.question.title,
+                title: (content.type === 'article' || content.type === 'zvideo' ? content.title : content.question!.title)!,
                 link: content.url,
-                description: content.type === 'zvideo' ? `<img src=${content.video.url}/>` : content.content,
-                pubDate: parseDate((content.type === 'article' ? content.updated : content.updated_time) * 1000),
-                category: [item.collectionTitle],
+                description: content.type === 'zvideo' ? `<img src=${content.video!.url}/>` : content.content,
+                pubDate: parseDate((content.type === 'article' ? content.updated : content.updated_time)! * 1000),
+                category: [item.collectionTitle!],
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/daily.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/daily.ts
index b1f970fa94..710e14d0dd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/daily.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/daily.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import logger from '@/utils/logger';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ async function handler() {
             $('.box')
                 .toArray()
                 .map(async (item) => {
-                    item = $(item);
-                    const linkElem = item.find('.link-button');
+                    const $item = $(item);
+                    const linkElem = $item.find('.link-button');
                     const storyUrl = 'https://daily.zhihu.com/api/4' + linkElem.attr('href');
 
                     try {
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     }
                 })
         )
-    ).filter(Boolean);
+    ).filter(Boolean) as DataItem[];
 
     return {
         title: '知乎日报',
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/execlib/x-zse-96-v3.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/execlib/x-zse-96-v3.ts
index 5420d9d7a5..412d924846 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/execlib/x-zse-96-v3.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/execlib/x-zse-96-v3.ts
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ function Q(e, t) {
     return ((4_294_967_295 & e) << t) | (e >>> (32 - t));
 }
 function G(e) {
-    const t = Array.from({ length: 4 });
-    const n = Array.from({ length: 4 });
+    const t = Array.from({ length: 4 }) as number[];
+    const n = Array.from({ length: 4 }) as number[];
     (i(e, t, 0), (n[0] = h.zb[255 & t[0]]), (n[1] = h.zb[255 & t[1]]), (n[2] = h.zb[255 & t[2]]), (n[3] = h.zb[255 & t[3]]));
     const r = B(n, 0);
     return r ^ Q(r, 2) ^ Q(r, 10) ^ Q(r, 18) ^ Q(r, 24);
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ const __g = {
         return n;
     },
     r(e) {
-        const t = Array.from({ length: 16 });
-        const n = Array.from({ length: 36 });
+        const t = Array.from({ length: 16 }) as number[];
+        const n = Array.from({ length: 36 }) as number[];
         ((n[0] = B(e, 0)), (n[1] = B(e, 4)), (n[2] = B(e, 8)), (n[3] = B(e, 12)));
         for (let r = 0; r < 32; r++) {
             const o = G(n[r + 1] ^ n[r + 2] ^ n[r + 3] ^ h.zk[r]);
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ const encode = (param) => {
 };
 
 const preProcess = (md5Str) => {
-    const md5CharCodeAtArr = [];
+    const md5CharCodeAtArr: any[] = [];
     for (let i = 0; i < md5Str.length; i++) {
         md5CharCodeAtArr.push(md5Str.charCodeAt(i));
     }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ const preProcess = (md5Str) => {
 
     const md5CharCodeAtFrontArr = md5CharCodeAtArr.slice(0, 16);
     const fixArr = [48, 53, 57, 48, 53, 51, 102, 55, 100, 49, 53, 101, 48, 49, 100, 55];
-    const new_md5_charCodeAt_arr = [];
+    const new_md5_charCodeAt_arr: number[] = [];
     for (const [i, element] of md5CharCodeAtFrontArr.entries()) {
         new_md5_charCodeAt_arr.push(element ^ fixArr[i] ^ 42);
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/utils.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/utils.ts
index ab2422897e..442d5199c4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/utils.ts
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ const generateZseCk = async (url: string, apiPath: string, configuredDc0: string
             configurable: true,
             get: cookieDescriptor.get,
             set(value: string) {
-                Reflect.apply(cookieDescriptor.set, window.document, [value]);
+                Reflect.apply(cookieDescriptor.set!, window.document, [value]);
                 const token = value.match(/__zse_ck=([^;]+)/)?.[1];
                 if (token?.includes('-')) {
                     resolve(token);
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/weekly.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/weekly.ts
index 66c0c99b19..47b127adfe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/weekly.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/weekly.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler() {
         .map((element) => {
             const info = {
                 title: $(element).find('span.PubBookListItem-title').text(),
-                link: new URL($(element).find('a.PubBookListItem-buttonWrapper').attr('href'), host).href,
+                link: new URL($(element).find('a.PubBookListItem-buttonWrapper').attr('href')!, host).href,
                 description: $(element).find('div.PubBookListItem-description').text(),
                 author: $(element).find('span.PubBookListItem-author').text(),
             };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/topic.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/topic.ts
index 74d9121ee7..ef65d6a002 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/topic.ts
@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link,
         item: listRes.map(({ target: item }) => {
             const type = item.type;
-            let title: string;
+            let title: string | undefined;
             let description: string;
-            let link: string;
-            let pubDate: Date;
-            let author: string;
+            let link: string | undefined;
+            let pubDate: Date | undefined;
+            let author: string | undefined;
 
             switch (type) {
                 case 'answer':
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/zhuanlan.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/zhuanlan.ts
index 849f056102..0742671319 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/zhuanlan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/zhuanlan.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    const xhuCookie = await auth.getCookie(ctx);
+    const xhuCookie = await auth.getCookie();
     const id = ctx.req.param('id');
     const link = `https://www.zhihu.com/column/${id}`;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhonglun/index.ts b/lib/routes/zhonglun/index.ts
index 06365e16fa..cc6376b7cc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhonglun/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhonglun/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -21,25 +21,25 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
     let items = $('div#dataList > dl > dd, div#dataList > ul > li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             const description = renderDescription({
-                intro: item.find('p').text(),
+                intro: $item.find('p').text(),
             });
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('h3 > a').text(),
+                title: $item.find('h3 > a').text(),
                 description,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('span').text()),
-                link: item.find('h3 > a').prop('href'),
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('span').text()),
+                link: $item.find('h3 > a').prop('href'),
                 language,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const { data: detailResponse } = await got(item.link);
 
                 const $$ = load(detailResponse);
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
                 const description =
                     item.description +
                     renderDescription({
-                        description: $$('div.edit_con_original').html(),
+                        description: $$('div.edit_con_original').html() ?? undefined,
                     });
                 const image = $$('img.raw-image').first().prop('src');
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx) => {
         )
     );
 
-    const image = new URL($('header.header h1 a img').prop('src'), rootUrl).href;
+    const image = new URL($('header.header h1 a img').prop('src')!, rootUrl).href;
 
     return {
         title: `${$('title').text()} - ${$('div.siteban_text').text()}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhubai/top20.tsx b/lib/routes/zhubai/top20.tsx
index 6ed178c1ad..3ff168a4db 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhubai/top20.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/zhubai/top20.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 import type { JSX } from 'hono/jsx/jsx-runtime';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate, parseRelativeDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         title: `${$('meta[property="og:title"]').prop('content')} - TOP20`,
         link: rootUrl,
         description: $('meta[property="og:description"]').prop('content'),
-        language: $('html').prop('lang'),
+        language: $('html').prop('lang') as Language,
         image: $('meta[property="og:image"]').prop('content'),
         icon,
         logo: icon,
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhujiceping/rss.ts b/lib/routes/zhujiceping/rss.ts
index 405a580b45..a5ef07e108 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhujiceping/rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhujiceping/rss.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ async function handler() {
             const dateraw = element.find('time').text();
 
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 description,
                 link,
                 pubDate: parseDate(dateraw, 'YYYY-MM-DD'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/zimuxia/index.ts b/lib/routes/zimuxia/index.ts
index cc95e10256..70f28cbb02 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zimuxia/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zimuxia/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
@@ -40,18 +40,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const list = $('.pg-item a')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
             return {
-                title: item.find('h2').text(),
-                link: item.attr('href'),
+                title: $item.find('h2').text(),
+                link: $item.attr('href'),
             };
         });
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/zimuxia/portfolio.ts b/lib/routes/zimuxia/portfolio.ts
index 76d9e201ed..846ff36875 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zimuxia/portfolio.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zimuxia/portfolio.ts
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const $ = load(response.data);
 
     const items = $('a')
-        .filter((_, el) => $(el).attr('href')?.match(new RegExp(linktype)))
+        .filter((_, el) => !!$(el).attr('href')?.match(new RegExp(linktype)))
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const tmpstr2match = $.html(item.parent().children()[item.prevAll('br').first().index() + 1]);
-            const tmphtml = item
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const tmpstr2match = $.html($item.parent().children()[$item.prevAll('br').first().index() + 1]);
+            const tmphtml = $item
                 .parent()
                 .contents()
                 .toArray()
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             return {
                 link: currentUrl,
                 title,
-                description: `<p>${item.parent().html()}</p>`,
-                enclosure_url: item.attr('href'),
+                description: `<p>${$item.parent().html()}</p>`,
+                enclosure_url: $item.attr('href'),
                 enclosure_type: 'application/x-bittorrent',
                 guid: `${currentUrl}#${title}`,
             };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zjol/paper.ts b/lib/routes/zjol/paper.ts
index 72beca65d7..8fc4f455a0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zjol/paper.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zjol/paper.ts
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(response.data);
 
-    let items = $(query)
+    let items: any[] = $(query)
         .toArray()
         .map((a) => `${currentUrl}/${$(a).attr('href')}`);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/zju/career/index.ts b/lib/routes/zju/career/index.ts
index 305147721e..1ed3b0b1e9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zju/career/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zju/career/index.ts
@@ -37,25 +37,25 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('type'));
-    const id = map.get(type).id;
+    const id = map.get(type)!.id;
     const res = await got(`${host}${id}`);
 
     const $ = load(res.data);
     const list = $('.com-list li');
     const items = list.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
-        const link = item.find('a').eq(0);
+        const $item = $(item);
+        const link = $item.find('a').eq(0);
         return {
             // title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-            title: item.find('span').eq(0).attr('title'),
-            pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.news-time').text()),
+            title: $item.find('span').eq(0).attr('title')!,
+            pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.news-time').text()),
 
-            link: link.attr('href').startsWith('http') ? link.attr('href') : `${rootUrl}/jyxt${link.attr('data-src')}xwid=${link.attr('data-xwid')}&lmtype=${link.attr('data-lmtype')}`,
+            link: link.attr('href')!.startsWith('http') ? link.attr('href') : `${rootUrl}/jyxt${link.attr('data-src')}xwid=${link.attr('data-xwid')}&lmtype=${link.attr('data-lmtype')}`,
         };
     });
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link: `${host}${id}`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zju/cst/custom.ts b/lib/routes/zju/cst/custom.ts
index bb5bdcf188..391306ca7f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zju/cst/custom.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zju/cst/custom.ts
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ async function getPage(id) {
     const content = $('.lm_new ul li');
 
     return content.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
+        const $item = $(item);
 
-        const title = item.find('a').text();
-        const pubDate = parseDate(item.find('.fr').text());
-        const link = item.find('a').attr('href');
+        const title = $item.find('a').text();
+        const pubDate = parseDate($item.find('.fr').text());
+        const link = $item.find('a').attr('href');
 
         return {
             title,
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const id = ctx.req.param('id').split('+');
     const tasks = id.map((id) => getPage(id));
     const results = await Promise.all(tasks);
-    let items = [];
+    let items: any[] = [];
     for (const result of results) {
         items = [...items, ...result];
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/zju/cst/index.ts b/lib/routes/zju/cst/index.ts
index 943dedc262..26552e7a07 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zju/cst/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zju/cst/index.ts
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ async function getPage(id) {
     const list = $('.lm_new').find('li');
 
     return list.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
+        const $item = $(item);
         return {
-            title: item.find('a').text(),
-            pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.fr').text()),
-            link: new URL(item.find('a').attr('href'), host).href,
+            title: $item.find('a').text(),
+            pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.fr').text()),
+            link: new URL($item.find('a').attr('href')!, host).href,
         };
     });
 }
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('type'));
-    const link = host + map.get(type).id;
-    let items = [];
+    const link = host + map.get(type)!.id;
+    let items: any[] = [];
     if (type === 0) {
         const tasks = Array.from(map.values(), (value) => getPage(value.id));
         const results = await Promise.all(tasks);
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             items = [...items, ...result];
         }
     } else {
-        items = await getPage(map.get(type).id);
+        items = await getPage(map.get(type)!.id);
     }
 
     const out = await Promise.all(
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     );
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link,
         item: out,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zju/grs/index.ts b/lib/routes/zju/grs/index.ts
index 2d1898eea1..fcc1260792 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zju/grs/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zju/grs/index.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('type'));
-    const tag = map.get(type).tag;
+    const tag = map.get(type)!.tag;
     const url = `${host}${tag}/list.htm`;
     const res = await got(url);
 
@@ -46,17 +46,17 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#wp_news_w09').find('.list-item');
 
     const items = list.toArray().map((item) => {
-        item = $(item);
+        const $item = $(item);
         return {
-            title: item.find('h3').attr('title'),
-            pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.date').text().trim(), 'YY-MM-DD'), 8),
-            link: `http://www.grs.zju.edu.cn${item.find('a').eq(-1).attr('href')}`,
-            description: item.find('p').text(),
+            title: $item.find('h3').attr('title')!,
+            pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.date').text().trim(), 'YY-MM-DD'), 8),
+            link: `http://www.grs.zju.edu.cn${$item.find('a').eq(-1).attr('href')}`,
+            description: $item.find('p').text(),
         };
     });
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link: `${host}${tag}/list.htm`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zju/list.ts b/lib/routes/zju/list.ts
index 32a498370e..bca90c2233 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zju/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zju/list.ts
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .toArray()
         .map((element) => {
             const info = {
-                title: $(element).find('a').attr('title'),
+                title: $(element).find('a').attr('title')!,
                 link: sortUrl($(element).find('a').attr('href')),
                 date: $(element)
                     .text()
-                    .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/)[0],
+                    .match(/\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/)![0],
             };
             return info;
         });
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const $ = load(response.data);
                 const description = $('.right_content').html();
                 return {
-                    title,
+                    title: title!,
                     link: itemUrl,
                     description,
                     pubDate: parseDate(date),
diff --git a/lib/routes/zju/math/index.ts b/lib/routes/zju/math/index.ts
index b682d7cc44..4e199c74ee 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zju/math/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zju/math/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
+import type { Context } from 'hono';
 
 import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
     url: 'www.math.zju.edu.cn',
 };
 
-async function handler(ctx: { req: { param: (arg0: string) => string } }) {
+async function handler(ctx: Context) {
     const type = Math.trunc(Number(ctx.req.param('type')));
     const categoryInfo = categoryMap.get(type);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/zju/physics/index.ts b/lib/routes/zju/physics/index.ts
index f6c3c35ac4..879a9537f1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zju/physics/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zju/physics/index.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const type = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('type'));
-    const id = map.get(type).id;
+    const id = map.get(type)!.id;
     const res = await got({
         method: 'get',
         url: `${host}/${id}/list.htm`,
@@ -57,18 +57,18 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = $('#arthd li')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').attr('title'),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.art-date').text()),
+                title: $item.find('a').attr('title')!,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.art-date').text()),
 
-                link: `http://physics.zju.edu.cn/${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
+                link: `http://physics.zju.edu.cn/${$item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
                 // link: `http://10.14.122.238/${item.find('a').attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type).title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link: `${host}${id}`,
         item: items,
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zju/sis/index.ts b/lib/routes/zju/sis/index.ts
index 038d553e2e..1cc28ed8bb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zju/sis/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zju/sis/index.ts
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
  * @param ctx - The request context containing route parameters
  * @returns Promise with RSS feed data including title, link, and news items
  */
-async function handleSisRequest(ctx: { req: { param: (arg0: string) => string } }) {
+async function handleSisRequest(ctx) {
     const requestedType = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.param('type'));
     const categoryInfo = categoryMap.get(requestedType);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/zjut/cs/index.ts b/lib/routes/zjut/cs/index.ts
index cc2cc05962..0386380ad4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zjut/cs/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zjut/cs/index.ts
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     } else {
                         const response = await ofetch(item.link);
                         const $ = load(response);
-                        newItem.description = $('div.news1content').html();
+                        newItem.description = $('div.news1content').html() ?? '';
                     }
                 } else {
                     // 涉及到其他站点，不方便做统一的 html 解析，直接返回链接
diff --git a/lib/routes/zjut/da/index.ts b/lib/routes/zjut/da/index.ts
index 42f5cccaba..152d82af28 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zjut/da/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zjut/da/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -52,10 +52,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $("td[class='newstd'] .news2")
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').text();
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').text();
 
-            let link = item.find('a').attr('href');
+            let link = $item.find('a').attr('href');
             if (!link) {
                 return null;
             }
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 link = rootUrl + link;
             }
 
-            const date = item.next().text().replace('[', '').replace(']', '');
+            const date = $item.next().text().replace('[', '').replace(']', '');
 
             return {
                 title,
@@ -75,19 +75,19 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                const itemsResponse = await got(item.link);
+            cache.tryGet(item!.link, async () => {
+                const itemsResponse = await got(item!.link);
                 const $ = load(itemsResponse.data);
-                item.description = $('div[style="line-height:27px;"]').html();
+                item!.description = $('div[style="line-height:27px;"]').html() ?? '';
 
-                return item;
+                return item!;
             })
         )
     );
 
     return {
-        title: map.get(type)?.title,
+        title: map.get(type)!.title,
         link: `${host}${id}`,
-        item: items,
+        item: items as DataItem[],
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/zjut/jwc/index.ts b/lib/routes/zjut/jwc/index.ts
index f6417c7795..ccbf609b42 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zjut/jwc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zjut/jwc/index.ts
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     } else {
                         const response = await ofetch(item.link);
                         const $ = load(response);
-                        newItem.description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                        newItem.description = $('.wp_articlecontent').html() ?? '';
                     }
                 } else {
                     // 涉及到其他站点，不方便做统一的 html 解析，直接返回链接
diff --git a/lib/routes/zjut/news.ts b/lib/routes/zjut/news.ts
index d5a2df827b..7ff1c4e91d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zjut/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zjut/news.ts
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const list = $('#l-container .news_list > li.news')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            const title = item.find('a').text();
-            const link = item.find('a').attr('href');
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const title = $item.find('a').text();
+            const link = $item.find('a').attr('href');
 
-            const date = item.find("span[class='news_meta']").text();
+            const date = $item.find("span[class='news_meta']").text();
 
             return {
                 title,
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) => {
-            if (item.link.startsWith('http')) {
+            if (item.link!.startsWith('http')) {
                 item.description = `<a href="${item.link}" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">${item.link}</a>`;
                 return item;
             }
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 const itemsResponse = await got(`${host}${item.link}`);
                 const $ = load(itemsResponse.data);
                 item.link = `${host}${item.link}`;
-                item.description = $('div[class="wp_articlecontent"]').html();
+                item.description = $('div[class="wp_articlecontent"]').html() ?? '';
                 return item;
             });
         })
diff --git a/lib/routes/zjut/www/index.ts b/lib/routes/zjut/www/index.ts
index 3219231f5e..5476a5beb9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zjut/www/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zjut/www/index.ts
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     } else {
                         const response = await ofetch(item.link);
                         const $ = load(response);
-                        newItem.description = $('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
+                        newItem.description = $('div.wp_articlecontent').html() ?? '';
                     }
                 } else {
                     // 涉及到其他站点，不方便做统一的 html 解析，直接返回链接
diff --git a/lib/routes/zjuvag/blog.ts b/lib/routes/zjuvag/blog.ts
index 3b78844372..569f014cbd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zjuvag/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zjuvag/blog.ts
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ async function handler() {
         .toArray()
         // 使用“map()”方法遍历数组，并从每个元素中解析需要的数据。
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+            const $item = $(item);
             return {
-                title: item.find('a').first().text(),
-                link: `https://zjuvag.org${item.find('a').first().attr('href')}`,
-                pubDate: timezone(parseDate(item.find('.post-time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 0),
-                author: item.find('.tag').first().text(),
+                title: $item.find('a').first().text(),
+                link: `https://zjuvag.org${$item.find('a').first().attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: timezone(parseDate($item.find('.post-time').text(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 0),
+                author: $item.find('.tag').first().text(),
             };
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/zotero/versions.ts b/lib/routes/zotero/versions.ts
index 7ab2948ec9..d4021336a7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zotero/versions.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zotero/versions.ts
@@ -38,20 +38,20 @@ async function handler() {
         title: 'Zotero - Version History',
         link: url,
         item: list.toArray().map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
-            let date = $(item)
+            const $item = $(item);
+            const dateMatch = $($item)
                 .text()
                 .match(/\((.*)\)/);
-            date = Array.isArray(date) ? date[1] : null;
+            const date = Array.isArray(dateMatch) ? dateMatch[1] : null;
             return {
-                title: item.text(),
-                description: item
+                title: $item.text(),
+                description: $item
                     .nextUntil('h2')
                     .toArray()
                     .map((element) => $.html(element))
                     .join(''),
                 pubDate: date,
-                link: url + '#' + item.attr('id'),
+                link: url + '#' + $item.attr('id'),
             };
         }),
     };
diff --git a/lib/routes/zrblog/rss.ts b/lib/routes/zrblog/rss.ts
index 33a6219705..f26757974e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zrblog/rss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zrblog/rss.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ async function handler() {
             const dateraw = element.find('div.info').find('span').eq(0).text();
 
             return {
-                title,
+                title: title!,
                 description,
                 link,
                 pubDate: parseDate(dateraw, '发布日期：YYYY年MM月DD日'),
diff --git a/lib/routes/zsxq/types.ts b/lib/routes/zsxq/types.ts
index 2d1178549c..f9f65f9972 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zsxq/types.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zsxq/types.ts
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ export interface TopicImage {
 
 export type Topic = TalkTopic | QATopic | TaskTopic | SolutionTopic;
 
-export type ResponseData = UserInfo | GroupInfo | Topic[];
+export type ResponseData = UserInfo | GroupInfo | Topic[] | { topics: Topic[] };
 
 export type UserInfoResponse = BasicResponse<UserInfo>;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/zuel/notice.ts b/lib/routes/zuel/notice.ts
index 5722183d68..30d62b01ba 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zuel/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zuel/notice.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -42,21 +42,21 @@ async function handler() {
 
     let items = $('.list_item')
         .toArray()
-        .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item);
+        .map((item): DataItem => {
+            const $item = $(item);
 
-            const a = item.find('.Article_Title a');
+            const a = $item.find('.Article_Title a');
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text()),
-                link: `${a.attr('href').startsWith('http') ? '' : rootUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate($item.find('.Article_PublishDate').text()),
+                link: `${a.attr('href')!.startsWith('http') ? '' : rootUrl}${a.attr('href')}`,
             };
         });
 
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+            cache.tryGet(item.link!, async () => {
                 const detailResponse = await got({
                     method: 'get',
                     url: item.link,
diff --git a/lib/routes/zuvio/boards.ts b/lib/routes/zuvio/boards.ts
index d059dc7e1d..31b89d875d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zuvio/boards.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zuvio/boards.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 
 import { getBoards, rootUrl } from './utils';
 
@@ -29,6 +29,6 @@ async function handler() {
         image: 'https://s3.hicloud.net.tw/zuvio.public/public/system/images/irs_v4/chicken/shared/webshare.png',
         link: `${rootUrl}/articles`,
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-Hant',
+        language: 'zh-TW' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/zuvio/student5.ts b/lib/routes/zuvio/student5.ts
index adfad98d19..c0ff66013b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zuvio/student5.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zuvio/student5.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Language, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -74,6 +74,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         image: 'https://s3.hicloud.net.tw/zuvio.public/public/system/images/irs_v4/chicken/shared/webshare.png',
         link: `${rootUrl}/articles`,
         item: items,
-        language: 'zh-Hant',
+        language: 'zh-Hant' as Language,
     };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/zyshow/index.tsx b/lib/routes/zyshow/index.tsx
index 952c90750b..6f7c1c5f64 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zyshow/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/zyshow/index.tsx
@@ -40,16 +40,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .find('tr td a img.icon-play')
         .toArray()
         .map((item) => {
-            item = $(item).parentsUntil('tbody');
+            const $item = $(item).parentsUntil('tbody');
 
-            const a = item.find('a[title]').first();
-            const guests = item.find('td').eq(2).text();
+            const a = $item.find('a[title]').first();
+            const guests = $item.find('td').eq(2).text();
 
             return {
                 title: a.text(),
-                link: `${currentUrl}v/${a.attr('href').split('/v/').pop()}`,
-                pubDate: parseDate(a.text().match(/(\d{8})$/)[1], 'YYYYMMDD'),
-                description: renderToString(<ZyshowDescription date={item.find('td').first().text()} subject={item.find('td').eq(1).text()} guests={guests} link={`${currentUrl}v/${a.attr('href').split('/v/').pop()}`} />),
+                link: `${currentUrl}v/${a.attr('href')!.split('/v/').pop()}`,
+                pubDate: parseDate(a.text().match(/(\d{8})$/)![1], 'YYYYMMDD'),
+                description: renderToString(<ZyshowDescription date={$item.find('td').first().text()} subject={$item.find('td').eq(1).text()} guests={guests} link={`${currentUrl}v/${a.attr('href')!.split('/v/').pop()}`} />),
                 category: guests.split(/,|;/),
             };
         });
diff --git a/lib/routes/zyw/hot.ts b/lib/routes/zyw/hot.ts
index 5af3a811d7..f85308fa8e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zyw/hot.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zyw/hot.ts
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const currentUrl = `${rootUrl}${site ? `/#/list?type=${sites[0].value}` : ''}`;
 
-    const items = [];
+    const items: any[] = [];
 
     await Promise.all(
         sites.map(async (a) => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/dzb.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/dzb.ts
index 459b209925..34ea91a0b4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/dzb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/dzb.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a');
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.attr('title') || $link.text().trim();
 
             // 尝试获取发布时间
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/gs.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/gs.ts
index cd340c7205..6f4ecaa495 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/gs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/gs.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a').first();
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.text().trim();
 
             // 获取发布时间
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/jwc.ts
index 362b60466f..99e74a9ab1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/jwc.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a.tit').first();
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.text().trim();
 
             // 获取发布时间
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/kjc.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/kjc.ts
index c0abb79b23..4f51a193b2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/kjc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/kjc.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a');
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.attr('title') || $link.text().trim();
 
             // 获取发布时间
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/math.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/math.ts
index 6b77a11f8e..c5eb55e0de 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/math.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/math.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a');
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.attr('title') || $link.text().trim();
 
             // 获取发布时间
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/news.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/news.ts
index bd66484cb6..ba89579166 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/news.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('h3 a');
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.attr('title') || $link.text().trim();
 
             // 尝试获取发布时间
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/rsc.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/rsc.ts
index e9fb7ab5c3..c55804f095 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/rsc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/rsc.ts
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a');
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.attr('title') || $link.text();
 
             // 获取发布时间
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/ss.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/ss.ts
index 5a32469f13..6eaa7fd500 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/ss.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/ss.ts
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .slice(0, 10)
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
-            const link = new URL($element.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($element.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $element.find('h3').text().trim();
 
             // 获取发布时间
             // xwzx: 格式为 MM-DD，需要补全年份
             // tzgg: 格式为 yyyy-mm-dd，直接使用
             const pubDateText = $element.find('time').text();
-            let pubDate = null;
+            let pubDate: string | null = null;
 
             if (pubDateText) {
                 if (type === 'xwzx') {
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/student.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/student.ts
index 355ecb0d7f..f79dbf283c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/student.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/student.ts
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a').first();
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.find('span').text().trim();
 
             // 获取发布时间 (格式: yyyy年mm月dd日)
             const pubDateText = $element.find('em').text().trim();
-            let pubDate = null;
+            let pubDate: string | null = null;
 
             if (pubDateText) {
                 const match = pubDateText.match(/(\d{4})年(\d{1,2})月(\d{1,2})日/);
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/tzhb.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/tzhb.ts
index dee297a3f0..66a9237201 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/tzhb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/tzhb.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a').first();
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.find('em').text().trim();
 
             // 获取发布时间
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/xbx.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/xbx.ts
index 97729bc239..f0b9f44375 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/xbx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/xbx.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a').first();
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.attr('title') || $link.text().trim();
 
             // 尝试获取发布时间
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/xuan.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/xuan.ts
index 1791762eb9..e6998449df 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/xuan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/xuan.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a').first();
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.attr('title') || $link.text().trim();
 
             // 尝试获取发布时间
diff --git a/lib/routes/zzu/zcycwb.ts b/lib/routes/zzu/zcycwb.ts
index 606ab96e61..aa5f1ec737 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zzu/zcycwb.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zzu/zcycwb.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((element) => {
             const $element = $(element);
             const $link = $element.find('a');
-            const link = new URL($link.attr('href'), typeDict[type][1]).href;
+            const link = new URL($link.attr('href')!, typeDict[type][1]).href;
             const title = $link.attr('title') || $link.text().trim();
 
             // 获取发布时间 (格式: [yyyy-mm-dd])
diff --git a/lib/shims/xxhash-wasm.ts b/lib/shims/xxhash-wasm.ts
index 9eecd85034..346f187d65 100644
--- a/lib/shims/xxhash-wasm.ts
+++ b/lib/shims/xxhash-wasm.ts
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ const simpleHash32 = (input: Uint8Array, seed = 0): number => {
     return hash >>> 0;
 };
 
-function xxhash(): Promise<XXHashAPI> {
+function xxhash(): XXHashAPI {
     return {
         h32: (input: string, seed?: number): number => simpleHash32(encoder.encode(input), seed),
         h32ToString: (input: string, seed?: number): string => simpleHash32(encoder.encode(input), seed).toString(16).padStart(8, '0'),
diff --git a/lib/types.ts b/lib/types.ts
index ada8e506e5..87eece3d55 100644
--- a/lib/types.ts
+++ b/lib/types.ts
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ export type Category =
 export type DataItem = {
     title: string;
     description?: string | null;
-    pubDate?: number | string | Date;
+    pubDate?: number | string | Date | null;
     link?: string;
-    category?: string[];
+    category?: string[] | string;
     author?:
         | string
         | Array<{
@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ export type DataItem = {
     itunes_duration?: number | string;
     itunes_item_image?: string;
     media?: Record<string, Record<string, string>>;
+    upvotes?: number;
+    downvotes?: number;
+    comments?: number;
     attachments?: Array<{
         url: string;
         mime_type: string;
@@ -203,6 +206,7 @@ export type Language =
     | 'sv-se'
     | 'tr'
     | 'uk'
+    | 'zh'
     | 'zh-CN'
     | 'zh-HK'
     | 'zh-TW'
@@ -283,7 +287,7 @@ interface RouteItem {
     /**
      * The handler function of the route
      */
-    handler: (ctx: Context) => Promise<Data | null | Response> | Data | null | Response;
+    handler: (ctx: Context) => Promise<Data | null | Response | void> | Data | null | Response | void;
 
     /**
      * An example URL of the route
@@ -366,9 +370,9 @@ interface RouteItem {
 }
 
 export interface Route extends RouteItem {
-    ja?: RouteItem;
-    zh?: RouteItem;
-    'zh-TW'?: RouteItem;
+    ja?: Partial<RouteItem>;
+    zh?: Partial<RouteItem>;
+    'zh-TW'?: Partial<RouteItem>;
 }
 
 // radar
diff --git a/lib/utils/cache/index.worker.test.ts b/lib/utils/cache/index.worker.test.ts
index 3e65db09c8..b48bf97b61 100644
--- a/lib/utils/cache/index.worker.test.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/cache/index.worker.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/// <reference types="@cloudflare/vitest-pool-workers/types" />
 /// <reference types="@cloudflare/vitest-pool-workers" />
 import { env } from 'cloudflare:test';
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
diff --git a/lib/utils/cache/redis.test.ts b/lib/utils/cache/redis.test.ts
index c2065df18c..fc7e6bafdf 100644
--- a/lib/utils/cache/redis.test.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/cache/redis.test.ts
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ describe('redis cache module', () => {
     it('marks redis unavailable on error', async () => {
         const redisCache = (await import('@/utils/cache/redis')).default;
         redisCache.init();
-        const client = redisCache.clients.redisClient as RedisMock;
+        const client = redisCache.clients.redisClient as unknown as RedisMock;
 
         client.emit('error', new Error('boom'));
 
diff --git a/lib/utils/common-config.ts b/lib/utils/common-config.ts
index 9ee7c61b45..3de6f7cc68 100644
--- a/lib/utils/common-config.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/common-config.ts
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ function replaceParams(data, prop, $) {
     let group = regex.exec(prop);
     while (group) {
         // FIXME Multi vars
-        result = result.replace(group[0], () => transElemText($, data.params[group[1]]));
+        result = result.replace(group[0], () => transElemText($, data.params[group![1]]));
         group = regex.exec(prop);
     }
     return result;
@@ -53,8 +53,7 @@ export default async function buildData(data) {
             charset = (attr.split('=').pop() || 'utf-8').toLowerCase();
         }
     }
-    // @ts-expect-error custom property
-    const responseData = charset === 'utf-8' ? response._data : iconv.decode(await ofetch(data.url, { responseType: 'buffer' }), charset);
+    const responseData = charset === 'utf-8' ? response._data : iconv.decode(Buffer.from(await ofetch(data.url, { responseType: 'arrayBuffer' })), charset);
     const $ = load(responseData);
     const $item = $(data.item.item);
     // 这里应该是可以通过参数注入一些代码的，不过应该无伤大雅
diff --git a/lib/utils/playwright.ts b/lib/utils/playwright.ts
index 372060ba02..f87d00f1f1 100644
--- a/lib/utils/playwright.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/playwright.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const getProxyOptions = (currentProxy: ProxyState | null | undefined) => {
     const username = currentProxy.urlHandler?.username;
     const password = currentProxy.urlHandler?.password;
     if (username || password) {
-        if (currentProxy.urlHandler.protocol !== 'http:') {
+        if (currentProxy.urlHandler!.protocol !== 'http:') {
             logger.warn('SOCKS/HTTPS proxy with authentication is not supported by playwright, continue without proxy');
             return {};
         }
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ const getProxyOptions = (currentProxy: ProxyState | null | undefined) => {
         return {
             proxy: {
                 password: decodeURIComponent(password ?? ''),
-                server: proxyServerFromUrl(currentProxy.urlHandler),
+                server: proxyServerFromUrl(currentProxy.urlHandler!),
                 username: decodeURIComponent(username ?? ''),
             },
         } satisfies Pick<LaunchOptions, 'proxy'>;
diff --git a/lib/utils/proxy/index.ts b/lib/utils/proxy/index.ts
index a84f79a9db..c3985bf4a8 100644
--- a/lib/utils/proxy/index.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/proxy/index.ts
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ if (proxyIsPAC) {
     const currentProxy = multiProxy.getNextProxy();
     if (currentProxy) {
         proxyUri = currentProxy.uri;
-        proxyUrlHandler = currentProxy.urlHandler;
+        proxyUrlHandler = currentProxy.urlHandler ?? null;
     }
     logger.info(`Multi-proxy initialized with ${config.proxyUris.length} proxies`);
 } else {
diff --git a/lib/utils/proxy/multi-proxy.test.ts b/lib/utils/proxy/multi-proxy.test.ts
index fc618790e1..2d02f692a8 100644
--- a/lib/utils/proxy/multi-proxy.test.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/proxy/multi-proxy.test.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ const baseProxyObj = {
     port: undefined,
     auth: undefined,
     url_regex: '.*',
-    strategy: 'all',
+    strategy: 'all' as const,
 };
 
 describe('multi-proxy', () => {
diff --git a/lib/utils/proxy/pac-proxy.test.ts b/lib/utils/proxy/pac-proxy.test.ts
index 2e5c8d4176..9f8a4cab61 100644
--- a/lib/utils/proxy/pac-proxy.test.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/proxy/pac-proxy.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
+import type { Config } from '@/config';
 import pacProxy from '@/utils/proxy/pac-proxy';
 
 const emptyProxyObj = {
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ const emptyProxyObj = {
     port: undefined,
     auth: undefined,
     url_regex: '.*',
-};
+} as Config['proxy'];
 
 const effectiveExpect = ({ proxyUri, proxyObj }, expectUri, expectObj) => {
     expect(proxyUri).toBe(expectUri);
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ describe('pac-proxy error handling', () => {
 
     it('logs error when PAC_SCRIPT is not a string', async () => {
         const freshPacProxy = (await import('@/utils/proxy/pac-proxy')).default;
-        freshPacProxy(undefined, { invalid: true } as any, {});
+        freshPacProxy(undefined, { invalid: true } as any, {} as Config['proxy']);
 
         expect(errorSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith('Invalid PAC_SCRIPT, use PAC_URI instead');
     });
diff --git a/lib/utils/proxy/unify-proxy.test.ts b/lib/utils/proxy/unify-proxy.test.ts
index 88bba8364f..fb40702c79 100644
--- a/lib/utils/proxy/unify-proxy.test.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/proxy/unify-proxy.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
 
+import type { Config } from '@/config';
 import unifyProxy, { unifyProxies } from '@/utils/proxy/unify-proxy';
 
 const emptyProxyObj = {
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ const emptyProxyObj = {
     port: undefined,
     auth: undefined,
     url_regex: '.*',
-};
+} as Config['proxy'];
 
 const effectiveExpect = ({ proxyUri, proxyObj }, expectUri, expectObj) => {
     expect(proxyUri).toBe(expectUri);
diff --git a/lib/utils/proxy/unify-proxy.ts b/lib/utils/proxy/unify-proxy.ts
index c5a149fece..f64963bcb1 100644
--- a/lib/utils/proxy/unify-proxy.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/proxy/unify-proxy.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ const defaultProtocol = 'http';
 const possibleProtocol = ['http', 'https', 'socks', 'socks4', 'socks4a', 'socks5', 'socks5h'];
 
 const unifyProxy = (proxyUri: Config['proxyUri'] | string, proxyObj: Config['proxy']) => {
-    proxyObj ||= {};
+    proxyObj ||= {} as Config['proxy'];
     const [oriProxyUri, oriProxyObj] = [proxyUri, proxyObj];
     proxyObj = { ...proxyObj };
 
diff --git a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.test.ts b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.test.ts
index d0dae90617..63390e818a 100644
--- a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.test.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.test.ts
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ describe('request-rewriter fetch retry', () => {
         const wrappedFetch = await loadWrappedFetch(proxyMock);
         const fetchSpy = vi.spyOn(undici, 'fetch');
         fetchSpy.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('boom'));
-        fetchSpy.mockResolvedValueOnce(new Response('ok'));
+        fetchSpy.mockResolvedValueOnce(new Response('ok') as unknown as Awaited<ReturnType<typeof undici.fetch>>);
 
         const response = await wrappedFetch('http://example.com/resource', {
             headers: new Headers({
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ describe('request-rewriter fetch retry', () => {
         expect(proxyMock.markProxyFailed).toHaveBeenCalledWith('http://proxy1.test');
         expect(proxyMock.getDispatcherForProxy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(proxies[1]);
 
-        const requestArg = fetchSpy.mock.calls[0][0] as Request;
+        const requestArg = fetchSpy.mock.calls[0][0] as unknown as Request;
         expect(requestArg.headers.get('x-prefer-proxy')).toBeNull();
     });
 
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ describe('request-rewriter fetch retry', () => {
         const wrappedFetch = await loadWrappedFetch(proxyMock);
         const fetchSpy = vi.spyOn(undici, 'fetch');
         fetchSpy.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('boom'));
-        fetchSpy.mockResolvedValueOnce(new Response('ok'));
+        fetchSpy.mockResolvedValueOnce(new Response('ok') as unknown as Awaited<ReturnType<typeof undici.fetch>>);
 
         await wrappedFetch('http://example.com/resource', {
             headers: {
diff --git a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.ts b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.ts
index a0ec63be09..f3f37b6a45 100644
--- a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import type { HeaderGeneratorOptions } from 'header-generator';
 import { useRegisterRequest } from 'node-network-devtools';
 import { RateLimiterMemory, RateLimiterQueue } from 'rate-limiter-flexible';
-import type { RequestInfo, RequestInit } from 'undici';
+import type { RequestInfo, RequestInit, Response } from 'undici';
 import undici, { Request } from 'undici';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ const wrappedFetch: typeof undici.fetch = async (input: RequestInfo, init?: Requ
         request.headers.delete('x-prefer-proxy');
     }
 
-    config.enableRemoteDebugging && useCustomHeader(request.headers);
+    config.enableRemoteDebugging && useCustomHeader(request.headers as unknown as Headers);
 
     // proxy
     if (!init?.dispatcher && (proxy.proxyObj.strategy !== 'on_retry' || isRetry)) {
diff --git a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.worker.test.ts b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.worker.test.ts
index 33f104fcec..21103f40b8 100644
--- a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.worker.test.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/fetch.worker.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
-const fetchMock = vi.fn(() => Promise.resolve(new Response('ok')));
+const fetchMock = vi.fn<(...args: any[]) => Promise<Response>>(() => Promise.resolve(new Response('ok')));
 
 // The module captures the global fetch at import time, so stub before importing
 const loadWrappedFetch = async () => {
diff --git a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/get.test.ts b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/get.test.ts
index 2326f7408a..3ef06b7b2b 100644
--- a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/get.test.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/get.test.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import getWrappedGet from '@/utils/request-rewriter/get';
 
 describe('request-rewriter get wrapper', () => {
     it('passes callback when url and callback are provided', () => {
-        const origin = vi.fn(() => 'ok');
+        const origin = vi.fn<(...args: any[]) => string>(() => 'ok');
         const wrapped = getWrappedGet(origin as any);
         const callback = vi.fn();
 
diff --git a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/get.ts b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/get.ts
index d269beb3d3..909cc1885b 100644
--- a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/get.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/get.ts
@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ type Get = typeof http.get | typeof https.get | typeof http.request | typeof htt
 
 interface ExtendedRequestOptions extends http.RequestOptions {
     headerGeneratorOptions?: Partial<HeaderGeneratorOptions>;
+    // legacy `url.parse()` shaped options, still accepted by node:http
+    href?: string;
+    search?: string;
+    query?: string | Record<string, any>;
+    headers?: http.OutgoingHttpHeaders;
 }
 
 const getWrappedGet: <T extends Get>(origin: T) => T = (origin) =>
@@ -23,7 +28,7 @@ const getWrappedGet: <T extends Get>(origin: T) => T = (origin) =>
         if (typeof args[0] === 'string' || args[0] instanceof URL) {
             url = new URL(args[0]);
             if (typeof args[1] === 'object') {
-                options = args[1];
+                options = args[1] as ExtendedRequestOptions;
                 callback = args[2];
             } else if (typeof args[1] === 'function') {
                 options = {};
@@ -93,6 +98,6 @@ const getWrappedGet: <T extends Get>(origin: T) => T = (origin) =>
         const { headerGeneratorOptions, ...cleanOptions } = options;
 
         return Reflect.apply(origin, this, [url, cleanOptions, callback]) as ReturnType<typeof origin>;
-    };
+    } as unknown as typeof origin;
 
 export default getWrappedGet;
diff --git a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/index.test.ts b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/index.test.ts
index 4c5c914c2e..939cef06a6 100644
--- a/lib/utils/request-rewriter/index.test.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/request-rewriter/index.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 // oxlint-disable unicorn-js/no-global-object-property-assignment
 import { once } from 'node:events';
+import type { OutgoingHttpHeaders } from 'node:http';
 import http from 'node:http';
 import https from 'node:https';
 
+import type { Response as UndiciResponse } from 'undici';
 import undici from 'undici';
 import { afterAll, afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ const createJsonResponse = () =>
                 'content-type': 'application/json',
             },
         }
-    );
+    ) as unknown as UndiciResponse;
 
 describe('request-rewriter', () => {
     afterAll(() => {
@@ -91,7 +93,7 @@ describe('request-rewriter', () => {
         }
 
         // headers
-        const headers: Headers = fetchSpy.mock.lastCall?.[0].headers;
+        const headers: Headers = (fetchSpy.mock.lastCall as any)?.[0].headers;
         expect(headers.get('user-agent')).toMatch(/Chrome/);
         expect(headers.get('accept')).toBeDefined();
         expect(headers.get('referer')).toBe('http://rsshub.test');
@@ -138,7 +140,7 @@ describe('request-rewriter', () => {
         }
 
         // headers
-        const headers: Headers = fetchSpy.mock.lastCall?.[0].headers;
+        const headers: Headers = (fetchSpy.mock.lastCall as any)?.[0].headers;
         expect(headers.get('user-agent')).toMatch(/Chrome/);
         expect(headers.get('accept')).toBeDefined();
         expect(headers.get('referer')).toBe('http://rsshub.test');
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ describe('request-rewriter', () => {
         }
 
         // headers
-        const headers: Headers = fetchSpy.mock.lastCall?.[0].headers;
+        const headers: Headers = (fetchSpy.mock.lastCall as any)?.[0].headers;
         expect(headers.get('user-agent')).toBe(userAgent);
     });
 
@@ -208,7 +210,7 @@ describe('request-rewriter', () => {
         }
 
         // headers
-        const headers: Headers = fetchSpy.mock.lastCall?.[0].headers;
+        const headers: Headers = (fetchSpy.mock.lastCall as any)?.[0].headers;
         expect(headers.get('user-agent')).toBeDefined();
         expect(headers.get('accept')).toBeDefined();
         expect(headers.get('referer')).toBe('http://rsshub.test');
@@ -232,15 +234,16 @@ describe('request-rewriter', () => {
 
         // headers
         const options = httpSpy.mock.lastCall?.[1];
-        const headers = options?.headers;
+        const headers = options?.headers as OutgoingHttpHeaders | undefined;
         expect(headers?.['user-agent']).toMatch(/Chrome/);
         expect(headers?.accept).toBeDefined();
         expect(headers?.referer).toBe('http://rsshub.test');
 
         // proxy
-        const agentUri = options?.agent?.proxy?.href;
+        const agent = options?.agent as any;
+        const agentUri = agent?.proxy?.href;
         expect(agentUri).toBe(process.env.PROXY_URI);
-        expect(options?.agent?.proxyHeaders['proxy-authorization']).toBe(`Basic ${process.env.PROXY_AUTH}`);
+        expect(agent?.proxyHeaders['proxy-authorization']).toBe(`Basic ${process.env.PROXY_AUTH}`);
 
         // url regex not match
         {
diff --git a/lib/utils/rss-parser.ts b/lib/utils/rss-parser.ts
index 01b2d30638..4e0b2b1307 100644
--- a/lib/utils/rss-parser.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/rss-parser.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import Parser from 'rss-parser';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
 
-const parser = new Parser({
+const parser = new Parser<Record<string, any>, Record<string, any>>({
     customFields: {
         item: ['magnet'],
     },
diff --git a/lib/utils/twitter-cache-key.test.ts b/lib/utils/twitter-cache-key.test.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 4c0dd9ca2b..0000000000
--- a/lib/utils/twitter-cache-key.test.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
-
-import developerApi from '@/routes/twitter/api/developer-api/api';
-import webApi from '@/routes/twitter/api/web-api/api';
-import { getTwitterUserCacheKey } from '@/utils/twitter-cache-key';
-
-const mocks = vi.hoisted(() => ({
-    tryGet: vi.fn(),
-    set: vi.fn(),
-    userData: undefined as unknown,
-}));
-
-vi.mock('@/utils/cache', () => ({
-    default: {
-        clients: {
-            redisClient: null,
-        },
-        tryGet: mocks.tryGet,
-        set: mocks.set,
-    },
-}));
-
-beforeEach(() => {
-    mocks.tryGet.mockReset();
-    mocks.set.mockReset();
-    mocks.tryGet.mockImplementation((key: string) => Promise.resolve(key.startsWith('twitter-userdata-') ? mocks.userData : key));
-});
-
-describe('Twitter user timeline cache keys', () => {
-    it('preserves the existing user and parameter key segments', () => {
-        expect(getTwitterUserCacheKey('123', 'getUserTweets', { count: 17 })).toBe('twitter:123:getUserTweets:{"count":17}');
-    });
-
-    it('separates web API operations for the same user and parameters', async () => {
-        mocks.userData = { data: { user: { result: { rest_id: '123' } } } };
-        const params = { count: 17 };
-
-        const keys = await Promise.all([
-            webApi.getUserTweets('RSSHub', params),
-            webApi.getUserTweetsAndReplies('RSSHub', params),
-            webApi.getUserMedia('RSSHub', params),
-            webApi.getUserLikes('RSSHub', params),
-            webApi.getUserTweet('RSSHub', params),
-        ]);
-
-        expect(keys).toEqual([
-            'twitter:123:getUserTweets:{"count":17}',
-            'twitter:123:getUserTweetsAndReplies:{"count":17}',
-            'twitter:123:getUserMedia:{"count":17}',
-            'twitter:123:getUserLikes:{"count":17}',
-            'twitter:123:getUserTweet:{"count":17}',
-        ]);
-        expect(new Set(keys).size).toBe(keys.length);
-    });
-
-    it('separates developer API operations for the same user and parameters', async () => {
-        mocks.userData = { id_str: '123' };
-        const params = { count: 17 };
-
-        const keys = await Promise.all([
-            developerApi.getUserTweets('RSSHub', params),
-            developerApi.getUserTweetsAndReplies('RSSHub', params),
-            developerApi.getUserMedia('RSSHub', params),
-            developerApi.getUserLikes('RSSHub', params),
-            developerApi.getUserTweet('RSSHub', params),
-        ]);
-
-        expect(keys).toEqual([
-            'twitter:123:getUserTweets:{"count":17}',
-            'twitter:123:getUserTweetsAndReplies:{"count":17}',
-            'twitter:123:getUserMedia:{"count":17}',
-            'twitter:123:getUserLikes:{"count":17}',
-            'twitter:123:getUserTweet:{"count":17}',
-        ]);
-        expect(new Set(keys).size).toBe(keys.length);
-    });
-});
diff --git a/lib/utils/twitter-cache-key.ts b/lib/utils/twitter-cache-key.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index a5bd890c01..0000000000
--- a/lib/utils/twitter-cache-key.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-export const getTwitterUserCacheKey = (id: string, operationName: string, params: Record<string, unknown> | undefined) => `twitter:${id}:${operationName}:${JSON.stringify(params)}`;
diff --git a/lib/utils/wechat-mp.ts b/lib/utils/wechat-mp.ts
index 0e20e03372..89826e278d 100644
--- a/lib/utils/wechat-mp.ts
+++ b/lib/utils/wechat-mp.ts
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ const redirectHelper = async (url: string, maxRedirects: number = 5) => {
         } else if (maxRedirects <= 1) {
             error('too many redirects', url);
         }
-        return await redirectHelper(new URL(location, url).href, maxRedirects - 1);
+        return await redirectHelper(new URL(location!, url).href, maxRedirects - 1);
     }
     return raw;
 };
diff --git a/lib/views/rss.test.tsx b/lib/views/rss.test.tsx
index 479082a481..7b5736f310 100644
--- a/lib/views/rss.test.tsx
+++ b/lib/views/rss.test.tsx
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ describe('RSS view', () => {
                             itunes_item_image: 'https://example.com/itunes.jpg',
                             itunes_duration: '01:02:03',
                             enclosure_url: 'https://example.com/audio.mp3',
-                            enclosure_length: '123',
+                            enclosure_length: 123,
                             enclosure_type: 'audio/mpeg',
                             category: 'Podcast',
                             media: {
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 2e8896cdcb..bb60fb6995 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
         "profiling": "cross-env NODE_ENV=production tsx --prof lib/index.ts",
         "start": "cross-env NODE_ENV=production NODE_OPTIONS='--max-http-header-size=32768' node dist/index.mjs",
         "test": "npm run format:check && npm run vitest:coverage",
-        "typecheck": "tsc",
+        "typecheck": "tsc --noEmit",
         "vercel-build": "npm run build:routes && tsdown --config ./tsdown-vercel.config.ts",
         "vitest": "cross-env NODE_ENV=test vitest",
         "vitest:coverage": "cross-env NODE_ENV=test vitest --coverage.enabled --reporter=junit",
diff --git a/scripts/workflow/format-description.ts b/scripts/workflow/format-description.ts
index 984434e0f7..81a7cd349f 100644
--- a/scripts/workflow/format-description.ts
+++ b/scripts/workflow/format-description.ts
@@ -279,11 +279,7 @@ function isRouteFile(filePath: string): boolean {
 async function main() {
     const started = performance.now();
     const args = process.argv.slice(2);
-    const files: string[] =
-        args.length > 0
-            ? args.map((f) => path.resolve(f)).filter((f) => isRouteFile(f))
-            : // @ts-ignore ts(2550)
-              await Array.fromAsync(walk(routesDir));
+    const files: string[] = args.length > 0 ? args.map((f) => path.resolve(f)).filter((f) => isRouteFile(f)) : await Array.fromAsync(walk(routesDir));
 
     await Promise.all(files.map((f) => processFile(f)));