diff --git a/lib/routes/0xxx/index.ts b/lib/routes/0xxx/index.ts
index 47d7be9a7f..f8d319b236 100644
--- a/lib/routes/0xxx/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/0xxx/index.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('table#home-table tr:not(.gore)')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('table#home-table tr:not(.gore)')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/10000link/info.ts b/lib/routes/10000link/info.ts
index 6fa93593bf..bdffd3c32e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/10000link/info.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/10000link/info.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('ul.l_newshot li dl.lhotnew2')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.l_newshot li dl.lhotnew2')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/163/renjian.ts b/lib/routes/163/renjian.ts
index 50d78180c9..c1f92c510a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/163/renjian.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/163/renjian.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import iconv from 'iconv-lite';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const data = iconv.decode(response.data, 'gbk');
 
-    let items = {};
+    let items: DataItem[];
 
     const urls = data.match(/url:"(.*)",/g);
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/199it/index.tsx b/lib/routes/199it/index.tsx
index 478c221c1a..de4747a76d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/199it/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/199it/index.tsx
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('article.newsplus')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('article.newsplus')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/21caijing/channel.ts b/lib/routes/21caijing/channel.ts
index 4b06de223d..1678d0a89f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/21caijing/channel.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/21caijing/channel.ts
@@ -85,9 +85,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         },
     });
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = JSON.parse(response)
+    let items: DataItem[] = JSON.parse(response)
         .slice(0, limit)
         .map((item): DataItem => {
             const title: string = item.title;
diff --git a/lib/routes/4gamers/category.ts b/lib/routes/4gamers/category.ts
index 076131dc16..e2584f6994 100644
--- a/lib/routes/4gamers/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/4gamers/category.ts
@@ -33,10 +33,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(list.map((item) => cache.tryGet(item.link, () => parseItem(item))));
 
-    let categories = [];
     let categoryName = '最新消息';
     if (!isLatest) {
-        categories = await getCategories(cache.tryGet);
+        const categories = await getCategories(cache.tryGet);
         categoryName = categories.find((c) => c.id === Number.parseInt(category)).name;
     }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/51cto/recommend.ts b/lib/routes/51cto/recommend.ts
index d18858624e..1a5c218713 100644
--- a/lib/routes/51cto/recommend.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/51cto/recommend.ts
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ export const route: Route = {
 const pattern = /'(WTKkN|bOYDu|wyeCN)':\s*(\d+)/g;
 
 async function getFullcontent(item, cookie = '') {
-    let fullContent: null | string = null;
     const articleResponse = await ofetch(item.url, {
         headers: {
             cookie,
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ async function getFullcontent(item, cookie = '') {
     });
     const $ = load(articleResponse);
 
-    fullContent = new URL(item.url).host === 'ost.51cto.com' ? $('.posts-content').html() : $('article').html();
+    const fullContent = new URL(item.url).host === 'ost.51cto.com' ? $('.posts-content').html() : $('article').html();
 
     if (!fullContent && cookie === '') {
         // If fullContent is null and haven't tried to request with cookie, try to get fullContent with cookie
diff --git a/lib/routes/6v123/index.ts b/lib/routes/6v123/index.ts
index a6d3ec9e5a..ef0a69c95d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/6v123/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/6v123/index.ts
@@ -25,9 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(iconv.decode(Buffer.from(response), encoding));
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('ul.list li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/aa1/60s.ts b/lib/routes/aa1/60s.ts
index 597e999035..80ddbc6920 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aa1/60s.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aa1/60s.ts
@@ -41,9 +41,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(targetResponse);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    const items: DataItem[] = response.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title?.rendered ?? item.title;
         const description: string | undefined = item.content.rendered;
         const pubDate: number | string = item.date_gmt;
diff --git a/lib/routes/abc/index.ts b/lib/routes/abc/index.ts
index 255367b0db..8ac465c92f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/abc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/abc/index.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const rootUrl = 'https://www.abc.net.au';
     const apiUrl = new URL('news-web/api/loader/channelrefetch', rootUrl).href;
 
-    let currentUrl = '';
+    let currentUrl: string;
     let documentId;
 
     if (Number.isNaN(category)) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/adquan/case-library.ts b/lib/routes/adquan/case-library.ts
index b604c4a743..49bc280479 100644
--- a/lib/routes/adquan/case-library.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/adquan/case-library.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.article_1')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.article_1')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/adquan/index.ts b/lib/routes/adquan/index.ts
index 706f904a9d..5a11ff58e4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/adquan/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/adquan/index.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.article_1')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.article_1')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/aflcio/blog.ts b/lib/routes/aflcio/blog.ts
index ba9d30a3de..55fe585424 100644
--- a/lib/routes/aflcio/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/aflcio/blog.ts
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('article.article')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('article.article')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/amazfitwatchfaces/index.ts b/lib/routes/amazfitwatchfaces/index.ts
index 1198f2fb83..d6c10fb11a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/amazfitwatchfaces/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/amazfitwatchfaces/index.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.wf-panel')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.wf-panel')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/apple/apps.ts b/lib/routes/apple/apps.ts
index fc74125f9f..c9fd61023c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apple/apps.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apple/apps.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const artistName = attributes.artistName;
     const platformAttributes = attributes.platformAttributes;
 
-    let items = [];
-    let title = '';
+    let items: DataItem[] = [];
+    let title: string;
     let description = '';
     let image = '';
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/apple/security-releases.ts b/lib/routes/apple/security-releases.ts
index f3d3c7a27a..ff1a9d3f7d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/apple/security-releases.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/apple/security-releases.ts
@@ -27,9 +27,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         .toArray()
         .map((el) => $(el).text());
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $trEls
+    let items: DataItem[] = $trEls
         .slice(1, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/categories.ts b/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/categories.ts
index 42db49cdfb..157570857c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/categories.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/categories.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.listBlocks ul li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.listBlocks ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/news.ts b/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/news.ts
index ec109a2ccb..9ae4752512 100644
--- a/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/asiafruitchina/news.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.listBlocks ul li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.listBlocks ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/augmentcode/blog.tsx b/lib/routes/augmentcode/blog.tsx
index 1836d6598f..f8ad180f0b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/augmentcode/blog.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/augmentcode/blog.tsx
@@ -40,9 +40,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div[data-slot="card"]')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div[data-slot="card"]')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/user/collections.tsx b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/user/collections.tsx
index e285d576a1..172ff8fa02 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/user/collections.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/bangumi.tv/user/collections.tsx
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const typeName = typeNames[type] || '';
     const subjectTypeName = subjectTypeNames[subjectType] || '';
 
-    let descriptionFields = '';
+    let descriptionFields: string;
 
     if (typeName && subjectTypeName) {
         descriptionFields = `${typeName}的${subjectTypeName}列表`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/banshujiang/index.ts b/lib/routes/banshujiang/index.ts
index dc983fe394..3393ad2027 100644
--- a/lib/routes/banshujiang/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/banshujiang/index.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('ul.small-list li.row')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.small-list li.row')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/banyuetan/index.ts b/lib/routes/banyuetan/index.ts
index 25e7a94ca7..efcad0dd94 100644
--- a/lib/routes/banyuetan/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/banyuetan/index.ts
@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.bty_tbtj_list ul.clearFix li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.bty_tbtj_list ul.clearFix li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/bbc/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/bbc/utils.tsx
index a3760eefb3..266eb6d6bd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bbc/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/bbc/utils.tsx
@@ -239,8 +239,6 @@ const renderVideo = (block: Block, index: number): JSX.Element | null => {
 
     let src: string | undefined;
     let sourceText: string | undefined;
-    let width: number | undefined;
-    let height: number | undefined;
 
     if (mediaMetadataBlock?.model?.imageUrl) {
         src = mediaMetadataBlock.model.imageUrl;
@@ -254,7 +252,7 @@ const renderVideo = (block: Block, index: number): JSX.Element | null => {
         return null;
     }
 
-    return renderFigure(`video-${index}`, src, altText, width, height, caption, sourceText);
+    return renderFigure(`video-${index}`, src, altText, undefined, undefined, caption, sourceText);
 };
 
 const renderMedia = (block: Block, index: number): JSX.Element | null => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/link-news.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/link-news.ts
index e3846aeda6..bd15493e8d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/link-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/link-news.ts
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const product = ctx.req.param('product');
 
-    let productTitle = '';
+    let productTitle: string;
 
     switch (product) {
         case 'live':
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/live-area.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/live-area.ts
index ed5b0791e6..4fa7861c0b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/live-area.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/live-area.ts
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const areaID = ctx.req.param('areaID');
     const order = ctx.req.param('order');
 
-    let orderTitle = '';
+    let orderTitle: string;
     switch (order) {
         case 'live_time':
             orderTitle = '最新开播';
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     });
 
     let parentTitle = '';
-    let parentID = '';
+    let parentID: string;
     let areaTitle = '';
     let areaLink = '';
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/live-search.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/live-search.ts
index ef7e7480e6..82b544fe71 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/live-search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/live-search.ts
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const order = ctx.req.param('order');
 
     const urlEncodedKey = encodeURIComponent(key);
-    let orderTitle = '';
+    let orderTitle: string;
 
     switch (order) {
         case 'live_time':
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/partion-ranking.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/partion-ranking.ts
index 1b160d1673..3401482443 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/partion-ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/partion-ranking.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 import utils from './utils';
@@ -43,11 +43,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const responseApi = `https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/newlist?ps=15&rid=${tid}&_=${Date.now()}`;
 
     const response = await got_ins.get(responseApi);
-    const items = [];
     let name = '未知';
-    let list = {};
-
-    list = response.data.data.archives;
+    const list = response.data.data.archives;
     if (list && list[0] && list[0].tname) {
         name = list[0].tname;
     }
@@ -58,16 +55,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const HotRankResponse = await got_ins.get(HotRankResponseApi);
     const hotlist = HotRankResponse.data.result;
 
-    for (let item of hotlist) {
-        item = {
-            title: item.title,
-            description: utils.renderUGCDescription(embed, item.pic, `${item.description} - ${item.tag}`, item.id, undefined, item.bvid),
-            pubDate: new Date(item.pubdate).toUTCString(),
-            link: item.pubdate > utils.bvidTime && item.bvid ? `https://www.bilibili.com/video/${item.bvid}` : `https://www.bilibili.com/video/av${item.id}`,
-            author: item.author,
-        };
-        items.push(item);
-    }
+    const items: DataItem[] = hotlist.map((item) => ({
+        title: item.title,
+        description: utils.renderUGCDescription(embed, item.pic, `${item.description} - ${item.tag}`, item.id, undefined, item.bvid),
+        pubDate: new Date(item.pubdate).toUTCString(),
+        link: item.pubdate > utils.bvidTime && item.bvid ? `https://www.bilibili.com/video/${item.bvid}` : `https://www.bilibili.com/video/av${item.id}`,
+        author: item.author,
+    }));
 
     return {
         title: `bilibili ${name} 最热视频`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/ranking.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/ranking.ts
index 20f4aec24d..7c9f5d3452 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/ranking.ts
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ function getAPI(isNumericRid: boolean, rid: string | number) {
     const ridEnglish = zone[1].english;
 
     let apiBase = 'https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/ranking/v2';
-    let apiParams = '';
+    let apiParams: string;
 
     switch (ridType) {
         case 'x/rid':
diff --git a/lib/routes/bilibili/wasm-exec.ts b/lib/routes/bilibili/wasm-exec.ts
index 7cfb8a02f4..05dc96f70a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bilibili/wasm-exec.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bilibili/wasm-exec.ts
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
 
                     // func resetMemoryDataView()
                     'runtime.resetMemoryDataView': (sp) => {
-                        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
+                        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars, no-useless-assignment
                         sp >>>= 0;
                         this.mem = new DataView(this._inst.exports.mem.buffer);
                     },
diff --git a/lib/routes/biquge/index.ts b/lib/routes/biquge/index.ts
index 1160970c9d..15985aee1d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/biquge/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/biquge/index.ts
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .map((item) => {
             item = $(item);
 
-            let link = '';
+            let link: string;
             const url = item.attr('href');
             if (url.startsWith('http')) {
                 link = url;
diff --git a/lib/routes/bse/index.ts b/lib/routes/bse/index.ts
index 77e0b44217..64435b249c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bse/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bse/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import timezone from '@/utils/timezone';
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const data = JSON.parse(response.data.match(/null\(\[({.*})]\)/)[1]);
 
-    let items = [];
+    let items: DataItem[];
 
     switch (type) {
         case '/info/listse':
diff --git a/lib/routes/bt0/util.ts b/lib/routes/bt0/util.ts
index dfcd8d7203..9892befcb4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bt0/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bt0/util.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ async function doGot(num, host, link) {
             throw new Error('api error');
         }
         cookieJar.setCookieSync(match[1], host);
-        return doGot(++num, host, link);
+        return doGot(num + 1, host, link);
     }
     return data;
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/bullionvault/gold-news.ts b/lib/routes/bullionvault/gold-news.ts
index f4986b4c24..86a624f798 100644
--- a/lib/routes/bullionvault/gold-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/bullionvault/gold-news.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('section#block-bootstrap-views-block-latest-articles-block div.media, div.gold-news-content table tr')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('section#block-bootstrap-views-block-latest-articles-block div.media, div.gold-news-content table tr')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/cast/index.ts b/lib/routes/cast/index.ts
index 887283ca4d..0411914547 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cast/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cast/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const $ = load(indexData);
 
-    let items: any[] = [];
+    let items: DataItem[];
 
     // 新闻-视频首页特殊处理
     if (column === 'xw' && subColumn === 'SP' && !category) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/cbndata/information.ts b/lib/routes/cbndata/information.ts
index 08bc5b5b50..aad1a06eb8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cbndata/information.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cbndata/information.ts
@@ -29,9 +29,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         },
     });
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title;
         const image: string | undefined = item.image;
         const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccagm/index.ts b/lib/routes/ccagm/index.ts
index 2a95b397fa..1eaf3d35ec 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccagm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccagm/index.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('ul.news_list li a')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.news_list li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/cccmc/index.ts b/lib/routes/cccmc/index.ts
index b134289e43..92441a0bb5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cccmc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cccmc/index.ts
@@ -20,11 +20,9 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
     const regex = /\{url:'(.*)',title:'(.*)',time:'(.*)'\},/g;
 
-    items =
+    let items: DataItem[] =
         response
             .match(regex)
             ?.slice(0, limit)
diff --git a/lib/routes/ccg/index.ts b/lib/routes/ccg/index.ts
index 4fa5559455..0594be8879 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ccg/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ccg/index.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('ul.huodong-list li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.huodong-list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/cde/xxgk.tsx b/lib/routes/cde/xxgk.tsx
index 0d858d0cec..c770309252 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cde/xxgk.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/cde/xxgk.tsx
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     });
 
     const items = data.data.records.map((item) => {
-        let description = '';
+        let description: string;
         switch (category) {
             case 'priorityApproval':
                 description = renderToString(<PriorityApprovalTable item={item} />);
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinadaily/language.ts b/lib/routes/chinadaily/language.ts
index b3f256fd62..47dc17388b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinadaily/language.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinadaily/language.ts
@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.gy_box, ul.content_list li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.gy_box, ul.content_list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/chinaratings/credit-research.ts b/lib/routes/chinaratings/credit-research.ts
index 9f18b23676..4ccb5ae9ff 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chinaratings/credit-research.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chinaratings/credit-research.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.contRight ul.list li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.contRight ul.list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/chongdiantou/index.ts b/lib/routes/chongdiantou/index.ts
index 36c91c288d..ec3f636f78 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chongdiantou/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chongdiantou/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler() {
     const response = await ofetch('https://www.chongdiantou.com/nice-json/front-end/home-load-more');
-    let items = [];
+    let items: DataItem[];
 
     items = response.data.map((item) => ({
         title: item.title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/chsi/hotnews.ts b/lib/routes/chsi/hotnews.ts
index 316ab02af2..e0d54ea8c1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chsi/hotnews.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chsi/hotnews.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler() {
             let itemUrl = '';
             itemUrl = path.startsWith('http') ? path : host + path;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
-                let description = '';
+                let description: string;
                 let itemDate;
                 if (path) {
                     const result = await got(itemUrl);
diff --git a/lib/routes/chsi/kydt.ts b/lib/routes/chsi/kydt.ts
index b590fdaa26..830fbee1b0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chsi/kydt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chsi/kydt.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ async function handler() {
             const path = item.find('a').attr('href');
             const itemUrl = path.startsWith('http') ? path : host + path;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
-                let description = '';
+                let description: string;
                 if (!path.startsWith('https://') && !path.startsWith('http://')) {
                     const result = await got(itemUrl);
                     const $ = load(result.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/chsi/kyzx.ts b/lib/routes/chsi/kyzx.ts
index 824ceb163d..8b35906979 100644
--- a/lib/routes/chsi/kyzx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/chsi/kyzx.ts
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             let itemUrl = '';
             itemUrl = path.startsWith('http') ? path : host + path;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
-                let description = '';
+                let description: string;
                 if (itemUrl) {
                     const result = await got(itemUrl);
                     const $ = load(result.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/cnljxh/index.ts b/lib/routes/cnljxh/index.ts
index 24930df3d7..6cc695cd3f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/cnljxh/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/cnljxh/index.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.main_left ul li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.main_left ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/copymanga/comic.tsx b/lib/routes/copymanga/comic.tsx
index 67321cc65a..d57e16e155 100644
--- a/lib/routes/copymanga/comic.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/copymanga/comic.tsx
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const chapterArray = await cache.tryGet(
         strBaseUrl,
         async () => {
-            let bHasNextPage = false;
+            let bHasNextPage: boolean;
             let chapters = [];
             let iReqOffSet = 0;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/costar/press-releases.ts b/lib/routes/costar/press-releases.ts
index adb7154ea9..7afabf862f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/costar/press-releases.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/costar/press-releases.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.views-row article')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.views-row article')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/dbaplus/new.ts b/lib/routes/dbaplus/new.ts
index d8d75f8d9c..2aa195e8a0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dbaplus/new.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dbaplus/new.ts
@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('ul.media-list li.media')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.media-list li.media')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/deepl/blog.ts b/lib/routes/deepl/blog.ts
index 41419f934f..0fb408d85b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/deepl/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/deepl/blog.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? lang;
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('h4, h6')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('h4, h6')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/dgtle/util.ts b/lib/routes/dgtle/util.ts
index a9a83f77b1..0eaf19610f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dgtle/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dgtle/util.ts
@@ -17,9 +17,7 @@ const md = MarkdownIt({
 const baseUrl = 'https://www.dgtle.com';
 
 const ProcessItems = async (limit: number, dataList: any): Promise<DataItem[]> => {
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = dataList.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = dataList.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title || item.content;
         const image: string | undefined = item.cover;
         const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
diff --git a/lib/routes/dgtle/video.ts b/lib/routes/dgtle/video.ts
index da8ce22d2e..1cb7c441c7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dgtle/video.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dgtle/video.ts
@@ -25,9 +25,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
 
     const response = await ofetch(apiUrl);
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.data.list.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.data.list.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title;
         const image: string | undefined = item.cover?.split(/\?/)?.[0];
         const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
diff --git a/lib/routes/dhu/jiaowu/news.ts b/lib/routes/dhu/jiaowu/news.ts
index 14b1efe76d..898278ac8c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dhu/jiaowu/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dhu/jiaowu/news.ts
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 return await cache.tryGet(url, async () => {
                     // fetch article content
                     // some contents are only available for internal network
-                    let description = '';
+                    let description: string;
                     try {
                         const { data: response } = await got(url);
                         const $ = load(response);
diff --git a/lib/routes/dhu/xxgk/news.ts b/lib/routes/dhu/xxgk/news.ts
index 36c52a9319..fc98fd30c6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dhu/xxgk/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dhu/xxgk/news.ts
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ async function handler() {
                 return await cache.tryGet(url, async () => {
                     // fetch article content
                     // some contents are only available for internal network
-                    let description = '';
+                    let description: string;
                     try {
                         const { data: response } = await got(url);
                         const $ = load(response);
diff --git a/lib/routes/diariofruticola/filtro.ts b/lib/routes/diariofruticola/filtro.ts
index 79fcbdc1eb..b52d577946 100644
--- a/lib/routes/diariofruticola/filtro.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/diariofruticola/filtro.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'es';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div#printableArea a.text-dark')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div#printableArea a.text-dark')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/digitalpolicyalert/activity-tracker.ts b/lib/routes/digitalpolicyalert/activity-tracker.ts
index 0eda4f5bdd..ad8042148b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/digitalpolicyalert/activity-tracker.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/digitalpolicyalert/activity-tracker.ts
@@ -40,9 +40,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(targetResponse);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.results.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    const items: DataItem[] = response.results.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title;
         const description: string | undefined = item.latest_event?.description ?? undefined;
         const pubDate: number | string = item.latest_event?.date;
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/channel/subject.ts b/lib/routes/douban/channel/subject.ts
index 1b0ff5eaff..240895c8e5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/channel/subject.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/channel/subject.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const channel_name = channel_info_response.data.title;
     const data = response.data.modules[nav].payload.subjects;
-    let nav_name = '';
+    let nav_name: string;
 
     switch (nav) {
         case '0':
diff --git a/lib/routes/douban/channel/topic.ts b/lib/routes/douban/channel/topic.ts
index 3b285f6cac..c91dbf5cbe 100644
--- a/lib/routes/douban/channel/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/douban/channel/topic.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const channel_name = channel_info_response.data.title;
     const data = response.data.items;
-    let nav_name = '';
+    let nav_name: string;
 
     switch (nav) {
         case 'hot':
diff --git a/lib/routes/duozhi/index.ts b/lib/routes/duozhi/index.ts
index f5c1aef220..82275da229 100644
--- a/lib/routes/duozhi/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/duozhi/index.ts
@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.post-item')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.post-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/dytt/index.ts b/lib/routes/dytt/index.ts
index 3a58a5a5ce..d62cccaabb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/dytt/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/dytt/index.ts
@@ -26,9 +26,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(iconv.decode(Buffer.from(response), 'gb2312'));
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.co_content8 ul table')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.co_content8 ul table')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/eastmoney/utils.ts b/lib/routes/eastmoney/utils.ts
index 6d040d8e32..ab3078cfa6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eastmoney/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/eastmoney/utils.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 function getRatingChangeStr(ratingChange) {
-    let ratingChangeName = '';
+    let ratingChangeName: string;
     switch (String(ratingChange)) {
         case '0':
             ratingChangeName = '调高';
diff --git a/lib/routes/eeo/kuaixun.ts b/lib/routes/eeo/kuaixun.ts
index f6b2802b67..28cf67b811 100644
--- a/lib/routes/eeo/kuaixun.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/eeo/kuaixun.ts
@@ -34,9 +34,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(targetResponse);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title;
         const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
             intro: item.description,
diff --git a/lib/routes/expats/czech-news.ts b/lib/routes/expats/czech-news.ts
index 2cbcb13cdb..766d38a122 100644
--- a/lib/routes/expats/czech-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/expats/czech-news.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.main h3 a')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.main h3 a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/fangchan/list.tsx b/lib/routes/fangchan/list.tsx
index 2d61e2def3..a36ddfae4c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fangchan/list.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/fangchan/list.tsx
@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         },
     });
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title;
         const description: string = renderToString(item.zhaiyao ? <blockquote>{item.zhaiyao}</blockquote> : null);
         const pubDate: number | string = item.createtime;
diff --git a/lib/routes/fantia/search.ts b/lib/routes/fantia/search.ts
index 945e031b23..fe28e53814 100644
--- a/lib/routes/fantia/search.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/fantia/search.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         },
     });
 
-    let items = {};
+    let items: DataItem[];
 
     switch (type) {
         case 'fanclubs':
diff --git a/lib/routes/flyert/creditcard.ts b/lib/routes/flyert/creditcard.ts
index 4ff98ade60..8ac5e9a5d6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/flyert/creditcard.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/flyert/creditcard.ts
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const bank = ctx.req.param('bank');
     const target = `${host}/forum-${bank}-1.html`;
-    let bankname = '';
+    let bankname: string;
 
     switch (bank) {
         case 'creditcard':
diff --git a/lib/routes/gamer/gnn-index.ts b/lib/routes/gamer/gnn-index.ts
index fcfbe7f018..b17b26abaa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gamer/gnn-index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gamer/gnn-index.ts
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const category = ctx.req.param('category');
-    let url = '';
+    let url: string;
     let categoryName = '';
     const categoryTable = {
         1: 'PC',
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         async (item) => {
             item.description = await cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
                 const response = await got.get(item.link);
-                let component = '';
+                let component: string;
                 const urlReg = /window\.lazySizesConfig/g;
 
                 let pubInfo;
diff --git a/lib/routes/gaoyu/blog.ts b/lib/routes/gaoyu/blog.ts
index 56b7cd30cc..3e25b019ed 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gaoyu/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gaoyu/blog.ts
@@ -29,9 +29,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         },
     ];
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('a.flex-col')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('a.flex-col')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gcores/util.ts b/lib/routes/gcores/util.ts
index a18b16bf36..ef1b2c7045 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gcores/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gcores/util.ts
@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@ const processItems = async (limit: number, query: any, apiUrl: string, targetUrl
     const included = response.included;
     const data = [...response.data, ...included].filter((item) => types.has(item.type));
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = data?.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    const items: DataItem[] = data?.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const attributes = item.attributes;
         const relationships = item.relationships;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/github/eventapi.ts b/lib/routes/github/eventapi.ts
index 20a0dec6a5..4caaafdbc9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/github/eventapi.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/github/eventapi.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ export const eventTypeMapping: Record<string, string> = {
 function formatEventItem(event: any) {
     const { id, type, actor, repo, payload, created_at } = event;
 
-    let title = '';
-    let description = '';
-    let link = '';
+    let title: string;
+    let description: string;
+    let link: string;
 
     switch (type) {
         case 'PushEvent': {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/cn/news/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/cn/news/index.ts
index 510ec2fd94..924f93cf6a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/cn/news/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/cn/news/index.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const originDomain = 'https://www.gov.cn';
     let url = '';
     let title = '';
-    let list = '';
+    let list: string;
     switch (uid) {
         case 'bm':
             url = `${originDomain}/lianbo/bumen/index.htm`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/csrc/news.tsx b/lib/routes/gov/csrc/news.tsx
index 4e70801550..4bded27f63 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/csrc/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/csrc/news.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const channelId = $('meta[name="channelid"]').attr('content');
 
-    let data,
-        out = [];
+    let data;
+    let out: DataItem[];
     if (channelId) {
         data = await got(`${baseUrl}/searchList/${channelId}`, {
             searchParams: {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/customs/list.ts b/lib/routes/gov/customs/list.ts
index d28d20200c..cf39609925 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/customs/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/customs/list.ts
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const { gchannel = 'paimai' } = ctx.req.param();
-    let channelName = '';
+    let channelName: string;
     let link = '';
 
     switch (gchannel) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/general/general.ts b/lib/routes/gov/general/general.ts
index fe65e569b8..7766acb8ab 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/general/general.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/general/general.ts
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ const gdgov = async (info, ctx) => {
     const currentUrl = `${rootUrl}/${pathname}`;
 
     let $ = '';
-    let name = '';
-    let list = '';
+    let name: string;
+    let list: string;
     // 判断是否处于特殊目录
     if (pathname.startsWith('gkmlpt')) {
         title_element = undefined;
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ const gdgov = async (info, ctx) => {
     }
 
     const lists = list.map((i, item) => {
-        let link = '';
+        let link: string;
 
         if (pathname.startsWith('gkmlpt')) {
             link = i.url;
@@ -198,16 +198,13 @@ const gdgov = async (info, ctx) => {
                     const content = load(res);
 
                     // 获取来源
-                    let author = '';
-                    author = author_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="ContentSource"]').attr('content') : content(author_element).text().trim().match(author_match)[1].trim().replaceAll(/(-*$)/g, '');
+                    const author = author_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="ContentSource"]').attr('content') : content(author_element).text().trim().match(author_match)[1].trim().replaceAll(/(-*$)/g, '');
 
                     // 获取发布时间
-                    let pubDate = '';
-                    pubDate = pubDate_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content') : content(pubDate_element).text().trim().match(pubDate_match)[1].trim().replaceAll(/(-*$)/g, '');
+                    const pubDate = pubDate_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="PubDate"]').attr('content') : content(pubDate_element).text().trim().match(pubDate_match)[1].trim().replaceAll(/(-*$)/g, '');
 
                     // 获取标题
-                    let title = '';
-                    title = title_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').attr('content') : content(title_element).text().trim().match(title_match)[1];
+                    const title = title_element === undefined ? content('meta[name="ArticleTitle"]').attr('content') : content(title_element).text().trim().match(title_match)[1];
                     // 获取正文
                     const description_content = description_element.split(',').filter((item) => item !== '');
                     for (let index = 0; index < description_content.length; index++) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/maoming/maoming.ts b/lib/routes/gov/maoming/maoming.ts
index bde7c1822f..84a0a4c106 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/maoming/maoming.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/maoming/maoming.ts
@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         .filter((item) => item !== '');
     let pathstartat = 0;
     let defaultPath = '';
-    let list_element = '';
+    let list_element: string;
     let list_include = 'site';
-    let title_element = '';
+    let title_element: string;
     let title_match = '(.*)';
-    let description_element = '';
-    let authorisme = '';
-    let pubDate_element = '';
-    let pubDate_match = '';
+    let description_element: string;
+    let authorisme: string;
+    let pubDate_element: string;
+    let pubDate_match: string;
     // let pubDate_format = undefined;
     switch (path[1]) {
         case 'www':
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/maonan/maonan.ts b/lib/routes/gov/maonan/maonan.ts
index bbdb67c191..6363972180 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/maonan/maonan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/maonan/maonan.ts
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    let id = '';
-    let name = '';
+    let id: string;
+    let name: string;
 
     switch (ctx.req.param('category')) {
         case 'zwgk':
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/mee/nnsa.ts b/lib/routes/gov/mee/nnsa.ts
index a03e555967..0f1db35d87 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/mee/nnsa.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/mee/nnsa.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('a.cjcx_biaob, ul#div li a')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('a.cjcx_biaob, ul#div li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/moa/gjs.ts b/lib/routes/gov/moa/gjs.ts
index 45b7b1ad0b..56c65dabcc 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/moa/gjs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/moa/gjs.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('ul#div li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('ul#div li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/moa/moa.ts b/lib/routes/gov/moa/moa.ts
index 3460037170..cf86e6fcfa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/moa/moa.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/moa/moa.ts
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ function dealLink(element, url) {
     // host 不同的是外部文章，outside
     // url 里带 govpublic 的都是公示文章，govpublic
     // 其他的都算普通文章，normal
-    let pageType = null;
+    let pageType: string;
     if (host === hostUrlObj.host) {
         pageType = href.includes('gk') || href.includes('govpublic') ? 'govpublic' : 'normal';
     } else {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/mot/index.ts b/lib/routes/gov/mot/index.ts
index da2416e164..7c9b58aa0c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/mot/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/mot/index.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.tab-pane a')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.tab-pane a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/news.ts b/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/news.ts
index e370c9f138..ccab64c84e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/suzhou/news.ts
@@ -58,10 +58,10 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const rootUrl = 'https://www.suzhou.gov.cn';
     const uid = ctx.req.param('uid');
-    let url = '';
-    let title = '';
+    let url: string;
+    let title: string;
     let apiUrl = '';
-    let items = [];
+    let items: DataItem[];
     switch (uid) {
         case 'szyw':
         case 'news':
diff --git a/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/govall.ts b/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/govall.ts
index f39868276b..3afc233d72 100644
--- a/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/govall.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/gov/zhengce/govall.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                let description = '';
+                let description: string;
                 try {
                     const contentData = await got(item.link);
                     const $ = load(contentData.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/grainoil/category.ts b/lib/routes/grainoil/category.ts
index 54e6be4e91..3e862b855c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/grainoil/category.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/grainoil/category.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.m_listpagebox ol li a')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.m_listpagebox ol li a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/hafu/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/hafu/utils.tsx
index bfe3e8376a..224119be40 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hafu/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/hafu/utils.tsx
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ export default parseList;
 
 async function tryGetFullText(href, link, type) {
     let articleData = '';
-    let description = '';
+    let description: string;
     // for some unexpected href link
     try {
         const articleRes = await got(link);
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ async function ggtzParse(ctx, $) {
             const result = await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const { articleData, description } = await tryGetFullText(href, link, 'ggtz');
                 let author = '';
-                let pubDate = '';
+                let pubDate: string;
                 if (typeof articleData === 'function') {
                     const header = articleData('h1').next().text();
                     const index = header.indexOf('日期');
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ async function zsjycParse(ctx, $) {
             const result = await cache.tryGet(link, async () => {
                 const { articleData, description } = await tryGetFullText(href, link, 'zsjyc');
 
-                let pubDate = '';
+                let pubDate: string;
                 if (typeof articleData === 'function') {
                     const date = articleData('span[class=timestyle127702]').text();
                     pubDate = parseDate(date, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm');
diff --git a/lib/routes/hit/hitgs.ts b/lib/routes/hit/hitgs.ts
index a38c24934d..6828262d92 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hit/hitgs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hit/hitgs.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('li.news, div.tbt17')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('li.news, div.tbt17')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/hlju/news.ts b/lib/routes/hlju/news.ts
index 82e17b54f8..16f667f20a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hlju/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hlju/news.ts
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 // 提取文章内容 - 只使用主要内容选择器
                 const content = $detail('.v_news_content');
-                let description = '';
+                let description: string;
 
                 if (content.length > 0) {
                     // 清理内容
diff --git a/lib/routes/hongkong/chp.ts b/lib/routes/hongkong/chp.ts
index 98d4c6ab09..04de3eac81 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hongkong/chp.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hongkong/chp.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     });
 
     const list = JSON.parse(response.data.match(/"data":(\[{.*}])}/)[1]).map((item) => {
-        let link = '';
+        let link: string;
 
         if (item.UrlPath_en) {
             link = item[`UrlPath_${language}`].includes('http') ? item[`UrlPath_${language}`] : `${rootUrl}${item[`UrlPath_${language}`]}`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/huitun/xiaohongshu.ts b/lib/routes/huitun/xiaohongshu.ts
index 1c7b586b29..f16ed870c6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/huitun/xiaohongshu.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/huitun/xiaohongshu.ts
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const notes = note_data.extData.list;
     const items = await Promise.all(
         notes.map(async (item) => {
-            let desc = '';
+            let desc: string;
             switch (item.type) {
                 case 'normal':
                     desc = `<p><img src="${item.imageUrl}"></p>`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/hupu/utils.ts b/lib/routes/hupu/utils.ts
index d0363658d2..dadc17d837 100644
--- a/lib/routes/hupu/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/hupu/utils.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ export function extractNextData<T = unknown>(html: string, url?: string): T {
     try {
         return JSON.parse(scriptMatch[1]) as T;
     } catch (error) {
-        throw new Error(`Failed to parse __NEXT_DATA__ JSON: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`);
+        throw new Error(`Failed to parse __NEXT_DATA__ JSON: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`, { cause: error });
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/indianexpress/section.ts b/lib/routes/indianexpress/section.ts
index d58b9a184c..8e553fda77 100644
--- a/lib/routes/indianexpress/section.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/indianexpress/section.ts
@@ -40,9 +40,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(targetResponse);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    const items: DataItem[] = response.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title?.rendered ?? item.title;
         const description: string | undefined = item.content.rendered;
         const pubDate: number | string = item.date_gmt;
diff --git a/lib/routes/instagram/common-utils.ts b/lib/routes/instagram/common-utils.ts
index d780500619..25bd4ab7a2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/instagram/common-utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/instagram/common-utils.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ const renderItems = (items) =>
         // Content
         const summary = item.caption?.text ?? '';
 
-        let description = '';
+        let description: string;
         switch (productType) {
             case 'carousel_container': {
                 const images = item.carousel_media.map((i) => ({
diff --git a/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/utils.ts b/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/utils.ts
index 560df81725..c099630a58 100644
--- a/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/instagram/web-api/utils.ts
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ const renderGuestItems = (items) => {
         const type = node.__typename;
         const summary = node.edge_media_to_caption.edges[0]?.node.text ?? '';
 
-        let description = '';
+        let description: string;
         switch (type) {
             // carousel, can include GraphVideo and GraphImage
             case 'GraphSidecar':
diff --git a/lib/routes/investor/index.ts b/lib/routes/investor/index.ts
index b1b2755339..b87edcb23b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/investor/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/investor/index.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.right_content_item a')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.right_content_item a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/iqiyi/album.tsx b/lib/routes/iqiyi/album.tsx
index 319f78b0ab..ec0157f365 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iqiyi/album.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/iqiyi/album.tsx
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     }
 
     let pos = 1;
-    let hasMore = false;
+    let hasMore: boolean;
     let epgs = [];
     do {
         const {
diff --git a/lib/routes/iresearch/report.ts b/lib/routes/iresearch/report.ts
index 2fc2a1075d..9eb20031c9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iresearch/report.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iresearch/report.ts
@@ -230,9 +230,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         },
     });
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.List.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.List.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string =
             item.reportname ??
             (() => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/jornada/index.ts b/lib/routes/jornada/index.ts
index 30703d43c0..05644df1e2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/jornada/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/jornada/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const response = await got(url);
     const data = response.data;
 
-    let items = {};
+    let items: DataItem[];
 
     if (category) {
         const newsFilteredByCategory = data.filter((item) => item.category === categories[category]);
diff --git a/lib/routes/juejin/pins.ts b/lib/routes/juejin/pins.ts
index dc9187a959..86a0fcb407 100644
--- a/lib/routes/juejin/pins.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/juejin/pins.ts
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         '6824710203112423437': '树洞一下',
     };
 
-    let url = '';
-    let json = {};
+    let url: string;
+    let json: Record<string, unknown>;
     if (/^\d+$/.test(type)) {
         url = `https://api.juejin.cn/recommend_api/v1/short_msg/topic`;
         json = { id_type: 4, sort_type: 500, cursor: '0', limit: 20, topic_id: type };
diff --git a/lib/routes/kemono/index.tsx b/lib/routes/kemono/index.tsx
index e6571ad739..18fec7103c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kemono/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/kemono/index.tsx
@@ -412,6 +412,6 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             item: items,
         };
     } catch (error) {
-        throw new Error(`Failed to fetch data from Kemono: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error'}`);
+        throw new Error(`Failed to fetch data from Kemono: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error'}`, { cause: error });
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/kiro/blog.ts b/lib/routes/kiro/blog.ts
index 1c17a77814..c7b516b6dd 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kiro/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kiro/blog.ts
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('main a.group')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('main a.group')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/kiro/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/kiro/changelog.ts
index c76e50fd71..8565b40515 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kiro/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kiro/changelog.ts
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('a.block')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('a.block')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/koyso/index.tsx b/lib/routes/koyso/index.tsx
index 5e9fd534f5..a038f6a39a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/koyso/index.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/koyso/index.tsx
@@ -38,9 +38,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('a.game_item')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('a.game_item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/kpopping/kpics.ts b/lib/routes/kpopping/kpics.ts
index 328f366b1a..428132b0d0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kpopping/kpics.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kpopping/kpics.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.pics div.matrix div.cell')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.pics div.matrix div.cell')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/kpopping/news.ts b/lib/routes/kpopping/news.ts
index 770e529fe6..822ee81b34 100644
--- a/lib/routes/kpopping/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/kpopping/news.ts
@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('section.news-list-item')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('section.news-list-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/liquipedia/dota2-matches.ts b/lib/routes/liquipedia/dota2-matches.ts
index 90b7cc0692..8e406daacf 100644
--- a/lib/routes/liquipedia/dota2-matches.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/liquipedia/dota2-matches.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link: url,
         item: list?.toArray().map((item) => {
             item = $(item);
-            let message = '';
+            let message: string;
             if (item.attr('style') === 'background:rgb(240, 255, 240)') {
                 message = '胜';
             } else if (item.attr('style') === 'background:rgb(249, 240, 242)') {
diff --git a/lib/routes/ltaaa/article.ts b/lib/routes/ltaaa/article.ts
index 66c2ce872b..bb2a6c67f5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ltaaa/article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ltaaa/article.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('ul.wlist li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.wlist li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/mail/imap.ts b/lib/routes/mail/imap.ts
index 5ba9e0159d..d5b0475006 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mail/imap.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mail/imap.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     try {
         await client.connect();
     } catch (error) {
-        throw new Error(error.responseText);
+        throw new Error(error.responseText, { cause: error });
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/lib/routes/mathpix/blog.tsx b/lib/routes/mathpix/blog.tsx
index a43b200c72..651c68074e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mathpix/blog.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/mathpix/blog.tsx
@@ -33,9 +33,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         }
     });
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('li.articles__item')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('li.articles__item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/maven/central.ts b/lib/routes/maven/central.ts
index b5a1717c9d..c6a1a66348 100644
--- a/lib/routes/maven/central.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/maven/central.ts
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         }
     } catch (error: any) {
         if (error?.response?.status === 404) {
-            throw new Error(`Could not find component for ${group}:${artifact}: metadata not found`);
+            throw new Error(`Could not find component for ${group}:${artifact}: metadata not found`, { cause: error });
         }
         throw error;
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/mercari/util.tsx b/lib/routes/mercari/util.tsx
index 9de7a2000a..e8d885605a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mercari/util.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/mercari/util.tsx
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ const fetchFromMercari = async function fetchFromMercari<T>(url: string, data: a
     try {
         return await ofetch<T>(url, options);
     } catch (error) {
-        throw new Error(`API request failed: ${error}`);
+        throw new Error(`API request failed: ${error}`, { cause: error });
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/miniflux/entry.ts b/lib/routes/miniflux/entry.ts
index 0090796f86..b2511d5394 100644
--- a/lib/routes/miniflux/entry.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/miniflux/entry.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
-import type { Data, Route } from '@/types';
+import type { Data, DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 
 export const route: Route = {
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const entriesID = [];
     const feedsName = [];
-    const articles = [];
+    const articles: DataItem[] = [];
 
     // MiniFlux will only preserve the *first* valid filter option
     // for each parameter, in order to matching the default behavior
@@ -162,28 +162,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         const feedsList = [feedsID.split('&')].flat();
 
         if (limit && queryLimit) {
-            if (limit < queryLimit) {
-                queryLimit = limit * feedsList.length;
-            } else {
+            if (limit >= queryLimit) {
                 const eachLimit = Number.parseInt(queryLimit / feedsList.length);
-                if (eachLimit) {
-                    limit = eachLimit;
-                } else {
-                    limit = 1;
-                    queryLimit = feedsList.length;
-                }
+                limit = eachLimit || 1;
             }
             parameters += `&limit=${limit}`;
         } else if (limit) {
             parameters += `&limit=${limit}`;
         } else if (queryLimit) {
             const eachLimit = Number.parseInt(queryLimit / feedsList.length);
-            if (eachLimit) {
-                limit = eachLimit;
-            } else {
-                limit = 1;
-                queryLimit = feedsList.length;
-            }
+            limit = eachLimit || 1;
             parameters += `&limit=${limit}`;
         }
 
@@ -267,7 +255,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         });
 
         const entries = response.data.entries;
-        const articles = [];
+        const articles: DataItem[] = [];
         for (const entry of entries) {
             entriesID.push(entry.id);
             let entryTitle = entry.title;
diff --git a/lib/routes/misskey/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/misskey/utils.tsx
index 11b66ae821..189d7740b1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/misskey/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/misskey/utils.tsx
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ const parseNotes = (data: MisskeyNote[], site: string, simplifyAuthor: boolean =
             reply: item.reply,
         });
 
-        let title = '';
+        let title: string;
         if (isReply && item.reply) {
             const replyToHost = item.reply.user.host ?? site;
             const replyToAuthor = simplifyAuthor ? item.reply.user.name : `${item.reply.user.name} (${item.reply.user.username}@${replyToHost})`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/modrinth/versions.tsx b/lib/routes/modrinth/versions.tsx
index 15eab1f379..4ff061ace6 100644
--- a/lib/routes/modrinth/versions.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/modrinth/versions.tsx
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context) {
         };
     } catch (error: any) {
         if (error?.response?.statusCode === 404) {
-            throw new Error(`${error.message}: Project ${id} not found`);
+            throw new Error(`${error.message}: Project ${id} not found`, { cause: error });
         }
         throw error;
     }
diff --git a/lib/routes/musikguru/news.ts b/lib/routes/musikguru/news.ts
index a98b390e67..4bdd53b8fb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/musikguru/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/musikguru/news.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'de';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('section')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('section')
         .eq(1)
         .find('div.card')
         .slice(0, limit)
diff --git a/lib/routes/mycard520/news.ts b/lib/routes/mycard520/news.ts
index 1e850e21e5..256f32d21d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/mycard520/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/mycard520/news.ts
@@ -20,11 +20,9 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-TW';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
     $('div.page_numbers').remove();
 
-    items = $('div#tab1 ul li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div#tab1 ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/neea/jlpt.ts b/lib/routes/neea/jlpt.ts
index e43520e35c..ee42e625b8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/neea/jlpt.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/neea/jlpt.ts
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.indexcontent a')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.indexcontent a')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/nikkei/cn/index.ts b/lib/routes/nikkei/cn/index.ts
index 4489347f71..36defa883f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nikkei/cn/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nikkei/cn/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import Parser from 'rss-parser';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { getSubPath } from '@/utils/common-utils';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 };
 
 async function handler(ctx) {
-    let language = '';
+    let language: string;
     let path = getSubPath(ctx);
 
     if (/^\/cn\/(cn|zh)/.test(path)) {
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     let officialFeed;
 
-    let items = [],
-        $;
+    let items: DataItem[];
+    let $;
 
     if (isOfficialRSS) {
         officialFeed = await parser.parseURL(currentUrl);
diff --git a/lib/routes/nikkei/news.tsx b/lib/routes/nikkei/news.tsx
index 701638da3b..ef28bd5441 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nikkei/news.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/nikkei/news.tsx
@@ -29,14 +29,13 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const baseUrl = 'https://www.nikkei.com';
     const { category, article_type = 'paid' } = ctx.req.param();
-    let url = '';
-    url = category === 'news' ? `${baseUrl}/news/category/` : `${baseUrl}/${category}/archive/`;
+    const url = category === 'news' ? `${baseUrl}/news/category/` : `${baseUrl}/${category}/archive/`;
 
     const response = await got(url);
     const data = response.data;
     const $ = load(data);
 
-    let categoryName = '';
+    let categoryName: string;
     const listSelector = $('[class^="container_"]  [class^="default_"]:has(article)');
     const paidSelector = 'img[class^="icon_"]';
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/nintendo/utils.ts b/lib/routes/nintendo/utils.ts
index e515fdb805..ef570d1e68 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nintendo/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nintendo/utils.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import { renderEshopCnDescription } from './templates/eshop-cn';
 dayjs.extend(localizedFormat);
 
 function nuxtReader(data) {
-    let nuxt = {};
+    let nuxt: Record<string, unknown>;
     try {
         const dom = new JSDOM(data, {
             runScripts: 'dangerously',
diff --git a/lib/routes/notefolio/search.tsx b/lib/routes/notefolio/search.tsx
index 6cf26f560b..9388ed96b3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/notefolio/search.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/notefolio/search.tsx
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     }
     // 时间范围
     if (time !== 'all' && ['one-day', 'week', 'month', 'three-month'].includes(time)) {
-        let startTime = '';
+        let startTime: string;
         const endTime = dayjs().endOf('d').format('YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss.SSS');
 
         // 过去24小时-day 最近一周-week 最近一个月-month 最近三个月three-month
diff --git a/lib/routes/nowcoder/hots.ts b/lib/routes/nowcoder/hots.ts
index 7160f82f7c..14b1366f03 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nowcoder/hots.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nowcoder/hots.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const limit = Number.parseInt(ctx.req.query('limit') ?? '20', 10);
     const size = Number.isFinite(limit) && limit > 0 ? limit : 20;
 
-    let link = '';
+    let link: string;
     if (type === '1') {
         link = `https://gw-c.nowcoder.com/api/sparta/subject/hot-subject?limit=${size}&_=${Date.now()}&t=`;
         const responseBody = (await got.get(link)).data;
diff --git a/lib/routes/nyc/mayors-office-news.ts b/lib/routes/nyc/mayors-office-news.ts
index af1b5782e9..159592d653 100644
--- a/lib/routes/nyc/mayors-office-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/nyc/mayors-office-news.ts
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ Categories
         }
 
         // Description
-        let description = '';
+        let description: string;
         description = types ? toTitleCase(cleanedTypes) : 'News';
 
         if (categories) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/oncc/money18.ts b/lib/routes/oncc/money18.ts
index 391506af7b..369add4d23 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oncc/money18.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oncc/money18.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { load } from 'cheerio';
 import dayjs from 'dayjs';
 
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const toApiUrl = (date) => `${rootUrl}/cnt/utf8/content/${date}/articleList/list_${id}_all.js`;
 
-    let apiUrl = id === 'ipo' ? ipoApiUrl : id === 'industry' ? industryApiUrl : toApiUrl(dayjs().format('YYYYMMDD')),
-        hasArticle = false,
-        items = [],
-        i = 0,
-        response;
+    let apiUrl = id === 'ipo' ? ipoApiUrl : id === 'industry' ? industryApiUrl : toApiUrl(dayjs().format('YYYYMMDD'));
+    let hasArticle = false;
+    let items: DataItem[];
+    let i = 0;
+    let response;
 
     /* eslint-disable no-await-in-loop */
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/ornl/all-news.ts b/lib/routes/ornl/all-news.ts
index cd0ea8b682..63d4bd566b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ornl/all-news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ornl/all-news.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.view-rows-main div.list-item-wrapper')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.view-rows-main div.list-item-wrapper')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/oschina/column.ts b/lib/routes/oschina/column.ts
index e3d78545fe..de8ce4b519 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oschina/column.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oschina/column.ts
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language: string = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.news-item')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.news-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/oschina/event.ts b/lib/routes/oschina/event.ts
index 13f8e9e852..65eab66a26 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oschina/event.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oschina/event.ts
@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $target: CheerioAPI = load(targetResponse);
     const language = $target('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.event-item')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.event-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/oshwhub/explore.ts b/lib/routes/oshwhub/explore.ts
index d97c50b687..19776ea9e1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/oshwhub/explore.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/oshwhub/explore.ts
@@ -70,9 +70,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         },
     });
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.result.lists.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.result.lists.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.name;
         const image: string | undefined = item.thumb?.startsWith('https:') ? item.thumb : `https:${item.thumb}`;
         const description: string | undefined = renderDescription({
diff --git a/lib/routes/picnob.info/user.ts b/lib/routes/picnob.info/user.ts
index d9fc359b99..4160f53ca4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/picnob.info/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/picnob.info/user.ts
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 const renderVideo = (video, poster) => `<video controls poster="${poster}"><source src="${video}" type="video/mp4"></video>`;
 const renderImage = (src) => `<img src="${src}">`;
 const renderDescription = (type: Post['postType'], item: Post | Story) => {
-    let media = '';
+    let media: string;
     switch (type) {
         case 'carousel':
             media = item.albumItems
diff --git a/lib/routes/pikabu/utils.ts b/lib/routes/pikabu/utils.ts
index db1cc27f5b..c279a2ef76 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pikabu/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pikabu/utils.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ const fixVideo = (element) => {
         .attr('style')
         .match(/url\((.+)\);/)[1];
     const dataType = element.attr('data-type');
-    let videoHtml = '';
+    let videoHtml: string;
 
     if (dataType === 'video') {
         const videoId = element.attr('data-source').match(/\/embed\/(.+)$/)[1];
diff --git a/lib/routes/pingwest/user.ts b/lib/routes/pingwest/user.ts
index 0cdd51c9cc..3fe00a1a8e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pingwest/user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pingwest/user.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     });
     const $ = load(response.data.data.list);
 
-    let item = [];
+    let item: DataItem[];
     const needFullText = option === 'fulltext';
     switch (type) {
         case 'article':
diff --git a/lib/routes/pixelstech/index.ts b/lib/routes/pixelstech/index.ts
index 8fa99f4814..254566ad4f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pixelstech/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pixelstech/index.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.feed-item')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.feed-item')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/pixiv/novel-api/content/utils.ts b/lib/routes/pixiv/novel-api/content/utils.ts
index b440798dd3..ef5ec5629f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/pixiv/novel-api/content/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/pixiv/novel-api/content/utils.ts
@@ -131,6 +131,6 @@ export async function parseNovelContent(content: string, images: Record<string,
 
         return $content.html() || '';
     } catch (error) {
-        throw new Error(`Error parsing novel content: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`);
+        throw new Error(`Error parsing novel content: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`, { cause: error });
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/producereport/index.ts b/lib/routes/producereport/index.ts
index ead272f1d5..0d7b2890ce 100644
--- a/lib/routes/producereport/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/producereport/index.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('table.views-table tbody tr')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('table.views-table tbody tr')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/psyche/utils.ts b/lib/routes/psyche/utils.ts
index 08f35f6b04..c8dc72f17b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/psyche/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/psyche/utils.ts
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ function format(article) {
     const type = article.type.toLowerCase();
 
     let block = '';
-    let banner = '';
-    let authorsBio = '';
+    let banner: string;
+    let authorsBio: string;
 
     switch (type) {
         case 'film':
@@ -89,8 +89,7 @@ const getData = async (list) => {
                         })
                 );
 
-                let authors = '';
-                authors = article.type === 'film' ? article.creditsShort : article.authors.map((author) => author.name).join(', ');
+                const authors: string = article.type === 'film' ? article.creditsShort : article.authors.map((author) => author.name).join(', ');
 
                 item.description = capture.html();
                 item.author = authors;
diff --git a/lib/routes/python/release.ts b/lib/routes/python/release.ts
index d34555abbc..e55b104533 100644
--- a/lib/routes/python/release.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/python/release.ts
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.active-release-list-widget ol.list-row-container li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.active-release-list-widget ol.list-row-container li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/qdu/houqin.ts b/lib/routes/qdu/houqin.ts
index 2303edb7d2..d8b3adf746 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qdu/houqin.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qdu/houqin.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ async function handler() {
             const path = item.find('a').attr('href');
             const itemUrl = base + path;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
-                let description = '';
                 const result = await got(itemUrl);
                 const $ = load(result.data);
                 if (
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler() {
                         8
                     );
                 }
-                description = $('.v_news_content').html().trim();
+                const description = $('.v_news_content').html()?.trim();
 
                 return {
                     title: itemTitle,
diff --git a/lib/routes/qdu/jwc.ts b/lib/routes/qdu/jwc.ts
index b79f98abdf..9c9714efd0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qdu/jwc.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qdu/jwc.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler() {
             let itemUrl = '';
             itemUrl = path.startsWith('http') ? path : base + path;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
-                let description = '';
+                let description: string;
                 if (path.startsWith('http')) {
                     description = itemTitle;
                 } else {
diff --git a/lib/routes/qlu/notice.ts b/lib/routes/qlu/notice.ts
index 7609557929..476efdc6ea 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qlu/notice.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qlu/notice.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function handler() {
             const path = item.find('.news_title').children().attr('href');
             const itemUrl = path.startsWith('https') ? path : host + path;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
-                let description = '';
+                let description: string;
                 if (path.startsWith('https')) {
                     description = itemTitle;
                 } else {
diff --git a/lib/routes/qq/lol/news.ts b/lib/routes/qq/lol/news.ts
index 80dcc36b5a..7bec8ca1b0 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qq/lol/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qq/lol/news.ts
@@ -34,9 +34,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(iconv.decode(Buffer.from(targetResponse), 'gbk'));
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.data.result.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.data.result.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.sTitle;
         const pubDate: number | string = item.sCreated;
         const linkUrl: string | undefined = item.iDocID ? `${item.iVideoId ? 'v/v2' : 'news'}/detail.shtml?docid=${item.iDocID}` : undefined;
diff --git a/lib/routes/qq/pd/guild.ts b/lib/routes/qq/pd/guild.ts
index 9bbfddcf74..a56733d7bb 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qq/pd/guild.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qq/pd/guild.ts
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ async function handler(ctx: Context): Promise<Data> {
     }
     const sortType = sortMap[sort];
 
-    let url = '';
+    let url: string;
     let body = {};
     let headers = {};
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/qq/pd/utils.ts b/lib/routes/qq/pd/utils.ts
index 988b1b5c0d..9ebdf4abc1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/qq/pd/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/qq/pd/utils.ts
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ function parseText(text: string, props: FeedFontProps | undefined): string {
 }
 
 function parseDataItem(item: FeedPatternData, texts: string[], images: { [id: string]: FeedImage }): string {
-    let imageId = '';
+    let imageId: string;
     switch (patternTypeMap[item.type] || undefined) {
         case 'text':
             return parseText(texts.shift() ?? '', item.props);
diff --git a/lib/routes/raspberrypi/magazine.ts b/lib/routes/raspberrypi/magazine.ts
index 666abd7779..9490a0d845 100644
--- a/lib/routes/raspberrypi/magazine.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/raspberrypi/magazine.ts
@@ -21,11 +21,9 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
     const author: DataItem['author'] = $('meta[property="og:site_name"]').attr('content');
 
-    items = $('div.o-grid--equal div.o-grid__col')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.o-grid--equal div.o-grid__col')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/rockthejvm/articles.ts b/lib/routes/rockthejvm/articles.ts
index a75dc0df63..68a2d6df81 100644
--- a/lib/routes/rockthejvm/articles.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/rockthejvm/articles.ts
@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
 
     $('footer').remove();
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('h2')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('h2')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/samrdprc/index.ts b/lib/routes/samrdprc/index.ts
index 38da5cd8ab..eca84611e4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/samrdprc/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/samrdprc/index.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.boxl_ul ul li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.boxl_ul ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/sass/gs/index.ts b/lib/routes/sass/gs/index.ts
index c3ea0e9ebf..4bda148e53 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sass/gs/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sass/gs/index.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
             const itemUrl = path.startsWith('http') ? path : host + path;
             return cache.tryGet(itemUrl, async () => {
-                let description = '';
+                let description: string;
                 if (itemUrl) {
                     const result = await got(itemUrl);
                     const $ = load(result.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/sciencedirect/call-for-paper.tsx b/lib/routes/sciencedirect/call-for-paper.tsx
index d43200ef0d..f1903b0b46 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sciencedirect/call-for-paper.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/sciencedirect/call-for-paper.tsx
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     try {
         data = JSON.parse(JSON.parse(scriptJSON));
     } catch (error: any) {
-        throw new Error(`Failed to parse embedded script JSON: ${error.message}`);
+        throw new Error(`Failed to parse embedded script JSON: ${error.message}`, { cause: error });
     }
 
     const cfpList = data?.callsForPapers?.list || [];
diff --git a/lib/routes/scientificamerican/podcast.ts b/lib/routes/scientificamerican/podcast.ts
index 6a65d41537..b4d24e6c3a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scientificamerican/podcast.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scientificamerican/podcast.ts
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const data: string | undefined = response.match(/window\.__DATA__=JSON\.parse\(`(.*?)`\)/)?.[1];
     const parsedData = data ? JSON.parse(data.replaceAll('\\\\', '\\')) : undefined;
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = parsedData
+    let items: DataItem[] = parsedData
         ? parsedData.initialData.props.results.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
               const title: string = item.title;
               const image: string | undefined = item.image_url;
diff --git a/lib/routes/scoop/apps.tsx b/lib/routes/scoop/apps.tsx
index e5e9dc32de..6d7cefa875 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scoop/apps.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/scoop/apps.tsx
@@ -92,9 +92,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         },
     });
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.value.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    const items: DataItem[] = response.value.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const repositorySplits: string[] = item.Metadata.Repository.split(/\//);
         const repositoryName: string = repositorySplits.slice(-2).join('/');
         const title = `${item.Name} ${item.Version} in ${repositoryName}`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/scpta/news.ts b/lib/routes/scpta/news.ts
index 90003dab1f..1a8696e912 100644
--- a/lib/routes/scpta/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/scpta/news.ts
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                let description = '';
+                let description: string;
                 try {
                     const contentResponse = await got(item.link);
                     const content = load(contentResponse.data);
diff --git a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/utils.tsx b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/utils.tsx
index 0d937660a2..8839437e19 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/utils.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/sdo/ff14risingstones/utils.tsx
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ export async function generateDynamicFeeds(dynamics: UserDynamic[]) {
             let title = `${dynamic.character_name}@${dynamic.group_name} ${dynamic.mask_content}`;
             let link: string | undefined;
             let description: string | undefined;
-            let detail: PostDetail | DutiesPartyDetail | FreeCompanyPartyDetail | NoviceNetworkParty | null = null;
+            let detail: PostDetail | DutiesPartyDetail | FreeCompanyPartyDetail | NoviceNetworkParty | null;
 
             switch (dynamic.from) {
                 case DynamicSource.Post:
diff --git a/lib/routes/sega/pjsekai.ts b/lib/routes/sega/pjsekai.ts
index 3e164b46c8..3bcf376602 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sega/pjsekai.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sega/pjsekai.ts
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ async function handler() {
     const posts = response.data || [];
     const list = await Promise.all(
         posts.map(async (post) => {
-            let link = '';
-            let description = '';
+            let link: string;
+            let description: string;
             const guid = post.displayOrder.toString() + post.id.toString(); // 双ID
             if (post.path.startsWith('information/')) {
                 // information 公告
diff --git a/lib/routes/semiconductors/index.ts b/lib/routes/semiconductors/index.ts
index 3790a62bdb..3fc271130d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/semiconductors/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/semiconductors/index.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.col-sm-8')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.col-sm-8')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/setn/index.ts b/lib/routes/setn/index.ts
index 952012c7d2..e89573d4ba 100644
--- a/lib/routes/setn/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/setn/index.ts
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
 
-                let head = {};
+                let head: Record<string, unknown>;
                 try {
                     head = JSON.parse(content('script[type="application/ld+json"]').first().text());
                 } catch {
diff --git a/lib/routes/sspai/series-update.ts b/lib/routes/sspai/series-update.ts
index 62f8638a28..c57a9ee5e5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/sspai/series-update.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/sspai/series-update.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const items = await Promise.all(
         response.data.data.map(async (item) => {
-            let description = '';
+            let description: string;
             if (item.probation) {
                 const res = await got(`https://sspai.com/api/v1/article/info/get?id=${item.id}&view=second&support_webp=true`);
                 description = res.data.data.body;
diff --git a/lib/routes/stcn/index.ts b/lib/routes/stcn/index.ts
index 9fd2a955e8..9f9b2b20d4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stcn/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stcn/index.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('ul.infinite-list li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.infinite-list li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/stcn/kx.ts b/lib/routes/stcn/kx.ts
index e3766fc82c..d580f65bd3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stcn/kx.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stcn/kx.ts
@@ -30,9 +30,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(targetResponse);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title;
         const description: string = item.content;
         const pubDate: number | string = item.time;
diff --git a/lib/routes/stcn/rank.ts b/lib/routes/stcn/rank.ts
index 6671db552e..9ad5abc95d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/stcn/rank.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/stcn/rank.ts
@@ -30,9 +30,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(targetResponse);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title;
         const linkUrl: string | undefined = item.url;
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/surfshark/blog.ts b/lib/routes/surfshark/blog.ts
index bf95e8c50b..bc3de6db6d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/surfshark/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/surfshark/blog.ts
@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.dg-article-single-card')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.dg-article-single-card')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/taobao/mysql.ts b/lib/routes/taobao/mysql.ts
index e516ddaa00..b545430bd2 100644
--- a/lib/routes/taobao/mysql.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/taobao/mysql.ts
@@ -19,10 +19,9 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
     let count = 0;
 
-    items = await Promise.all(
+    let items: DataItem[] = await Promise.all(
         $('h3 a.main')
             .toArray()
             .map(async (monthlyEl): Promise<Element[] | undefined> => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/data.tsx b/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/data.tsx
index cfec69ede6..392a04c89d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/data.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/tencent/news/coronavirus/data.tsx
@@ -25,12 +25,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const nationalData = areaTree?.[0];
     const provinceList = nationalData?.children;
 
-    let todayConfirm = 0;
-    let totalNowConfirm = 0;
-    let totalConfirm = 0;
-    let totalDead = 0;
-    let coronavirusData = {};
-    let placeName = '';
+    let coronavirusData: Record<string, unknown>;
+    let placeName: string;
 
     if (!province || province === '中国' || province === '全国') {
         // 没有传参则取全国
@@ -51,10 +47,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     if (!coronavirusData) {
         throw new InvalidParameterError(`未找到 ${placeName} 的疫情数据，请检查输入的省市名称是否正确`);
     }
-    todayConfirm = coronavirusData.today?.confirm;
-    totalNowConfirm = coronavirusData.total?.nowConfirm;
-    totalConfirm = coronavirusData.total?.confirm;
-    totalDead = coronavirusData.total?.dead;
+    const todayConfirm = coronavirusData.today?.confirm;
+    const totalNowConfirm = coronavirusData.total?.nowConfirm;
+    const totalConfirm = coronavirusData.total?.confirm;
+    const totalDead = coronavirusData.total?.dead;
     const pubDate = parseDate(coronavirusData.total?.mtime || lastUpdateTime);
 
     const title = `${placeName} - 腾讯新闻 - 新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情实时追踪`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/tencent/qq/sdk/changelog.ts b/lib/routes/tencent/qq/sdk/changelog.ts
index 6ff1a0ca20..bd4fc26156 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tencent/qq/sdk/changelog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tencent/qq/sdk/changelog.ts
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const platform = ctx.req.param('platform');
 
-    let title = '';
-    let link = '';
+    let title: string;
+    let link: string;
     if (platform === 'iOS') {
         title = 'iOS SDK 历史变更';
         link = 'https://wiki.connect.qq.com/ios_sdk历史变更';
diff --git a/lib/routes/thebrain/blog.tsx b/lib/routes/thebrain/blog.tsx
index 1d8588207d..85a882ddc1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/thebrain/blog.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/thebrain/blog.tsx
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('div.blog-row')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('div.blog-row')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/tidb/blog.ts b/lib/routes/tidb/blog.ts
index 0001a58638..c62845f2ee 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tidb/blog.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tidb/blog.ts
@@ -87,9 +87,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
         },
     });
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.pageProps.blogs.content.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.pageProps.blogs.content.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title;
         const description: string | undefined = item.summary;
         const pubDate: number | string = item.publishedAt;
diff --git a/lib/routes/tju/cic/index.ts b/lib/routes/tju/cic/index.ts
index 6ce3a999b7..21e80d4ef5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tju/cic/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tju/cic/index.ts
@@ -104,9 +104,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     case 'tju-cic':
                     case 'in-site':
                         return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                            let detailResponse = null;
                             try {
-                                detailResponse = await got(item.link);
+                                const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                                 item.pubDate = timezone(parseDate(content('.news_info > span').first().text(), 'YYYY年MM月DD日 HH:mm'), +8);
                                 content('.news_tit').remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/tju/news/index.ts b/lib/routes/tju/news/index.ts
index e5d0b116fa..a90598c58e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tju/news/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tju/news/index.ts
@@ -116,10 +116,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     case 'tju-news':
                     case 'in-site':
                         return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                            let detailResponse = null;
                             try {
                                 delete item.type;
-                                detailResponse = await got(item.link);
+                                const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                                 item.pubDate = timezone(
                                     parseDate(
diff --git a/lib/routes/tju/oaa/index.ts b/lib/routes/tju/oaa/index.ts
index 90e9420c4c..ea1da97f1b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tju/oaa/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tju/oaa/index.ts
@@ -110,9 +110,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     case 'tju-oaa':
                     case 'in-site':
                         return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                            let detailResponse = null;
                             try {
-                                detailResponse = await got(item.link);
+                                const detailResponse = await got(item.link);
                                 const content = load(detailResponse.data);
                                 item.description = content('.v_news_content').html();
                             } catch {
diff --git a/lib/routes/tju/yzb/index.ts b/lib/routes/tju/yzb/index.ts
index 8f7f6147d0..e383912409 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tju/yzb/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tju/yzb/index.ts
@@ -114,9 +114,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                     case 'tju-yzb':
                     case 'in-site':
                         return cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                            let detailResponse = null;
                             try {
-                                detailResponse = await got(item.link, { responseType: 'buffer' });
+                                const detailResponse = await got(item.link, { responseType: 'buffer' });
                                 const content = load(iconv.decode(detailResponse.data, 'gbk'));
                                 content('.font_18_b').remove();
                                 content('.font_grey_en').remove();
diff --git a/lib/routes/tmtpost/util.ts b/lib/routes/tmtpost/util.ts
index 14290bb318..622e5d9f33 100644
--- a/lib/routes/tmtpost/util.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/tmtpost/util.ts
@@ -29,9 +29,7 @@ const processItems = async (limit: number, query: Record<string, any>, apiUrl: s
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(targetResponse);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
+    let items: DataItem[] = response.data.slice(0, limit).map((item): DataItem => {
         const title: string = item.title;
         const description: string = renderDescription({
             intro: item.summary,
diff --git a/lib/routes/twitter/utils.ts b/lib/routes/twitter/utils.ts
index 179a1458c9..45b05d422b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twitter/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twitter/utils.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { fallback, queryToBoolean, queryToInteger } from '@/utils/readable-socia
 const getQueryParams = (url) => Object.fromEntries(new URL(url).searchParams.entries());
 const getOriginalImg = (url) => {
     // https://greasyfork.org/zh-CN/scripts/2312-resize-image-on-open-image-in-new-tab/code#n150
-    let m = null;
+    let m: RegExpMatchArray | null;
     if ((m = url.match(/^(https?:\/\/\w+\.twimg\.com\/media\/[^/:]+)\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|bmp|webp)(:\w+)?$/i))) {
         let format = m[2];
         if (m[2] === 'jpeg') {
diff --git a/lib/routes/twreporter/fetch-article.ts b/lib/routes/twreporter/fetch-article.ts
index 450407635b..7a16cc8d5b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/twreporter/fetch-article.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/twreporter/fetch-article.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export default async function fetch(slug: string) {
     }
 
     // For `photography`, if it exists
-    let photographers = '';
+    let photographers: string;
     if (post.photographers) {
         photographers = post.photographers
             .map((photographer) => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi-user.ts b/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi-user.ts
index 51933cbd90..aa7cad586a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi-user.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi-user.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }
             });
 
-            let html = '';
+            let html: string;
             try {
                 await page.goto(link, {
                     waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
diff --git a/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi.ts b/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi.ts
index e10b6ab8a4..1aef1cf8d7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/uraaka-joshi/uraaka-joshi.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ async function handler() {
         }
     });
 
-    let html = '';
+    let html: string;
     try {
         await page.goto(link, {
             waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/eeis.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/eeis.ts
index f0f29b98d3..720ac4746c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/eeis.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/eeis.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = await Promise.all(
         list.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                let desc = '';
+                let desc: string;
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     desc = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/gs.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/gs.ts
index 4db48abd31..6b88fa1577 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/gs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/gs.ts
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                let desc = '';
+                let desc: string;
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     desc = load(response.data)('article.article').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/math.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/math.ts
index 4b216dd9f1..d95b8dc01e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/math.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/math.ts
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                let desc = '';
+                let desc: string;
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     desc = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/scms.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/scms.ts
index 0195aad6c2..da9bfef35c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/scms.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/scms.ts
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                let desc = '';
+                let desc: string;
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     desc = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/ustc/sist.ts b/lib/routes/ustc/sist.ts
index bd9a0e4a50..2246674f2e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ustc/sist.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ustc/sist.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     items = await Promise.all(
         items.map((item) =>
             cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                let desc = '';
+                let desc: string;
                 try {
                     const response = await got(item.link);
                     desc = load(response.data)('div.wp_articlecontent').html();
diff --git a/lib/routes/wainao/topics.tsx b/lib/routes/wainao/topics.tsx
index 0383f03312..1d935b9f3a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wainao/topics.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/wainao/topics.tsx
@@ -50,9 +50,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(targetResponse);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh-CN';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = response.content_elements
+    const items: DataItem[] = response.content_elements
         .slice(0, limit)
         .map((item): DataItem => {
             const title: string = item.headlines.basic;
diff --git a/lib/routes/wdfxw/bookfree.tsx b/lib/routes/wdfxw/bookfree.tsx
index 9a6c78ddfc..417baad910 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wdfxw/bookfree.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/wdfxw/bookfree.tsx
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('meta[http-equiv="Content-Language"]').attr('content') ?? 'zh-cn';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('ul.camWholeBoxUl li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('ul.camWholeBoxUl li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/weibo/search/hot.tsx b/lib/routes/weibo/search/hot.tsx
index f2b1042ab3..25abbc8163 100644
--- a/lib/routes/weibo/search/hot.tsx
+++ b/lib/routes/weibo/search/hot.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { raw } from 'hono/html';
 import { renderToString } from 'hono/jsx/dom/server';
 
 import { config } from '@/config';
-import type { Route } from '@/types';
+import type { DataItem, Route } from '@/types';
 import { ViewType } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import got from '@/utils/got';
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         return _r;
     });
 
-    let resultItems = null;
+    let resultItems: DataItem[];
     if (ctx.req.param('fulltext') === 'fulltext') {
         const cardslist = data.cards[0].card_group;
         // Topic List
diff --git a/lib/routes/whu/rsgis.ts b/lib/routes/whu/rsgis.ts
index f9966ce0a7..c1cb00755d 100644
--- a/lib/routes/whu/rsgis.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/whu/rsgis.ts
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 `,
     handler: async (ctx: Context) => {
         const { type = 'index', sub = 'all' } = ctx.req.param();
-        let itemList: DataItem[] = [];
+        let itemList: DataItem[];
         switch (type) {
             case 'index':
                 itemList = await handleIndex();
diff --git a/lib/routes/wikipedia/current-events.ts b/lib/routes/wikipedia/current-events.ts
index c10ec147f5..8ae433d945 100644
--- a/lib/routes/wikipedia/current-events.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/wikipedia/current-events.ts
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         };
     } catch (error) {
         const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-        throw new Error(`Failed to fetch Wikipedia current events: ${message}`);
+        throw new Error(`Failed to fetch Wikipedia current events: ${message}`, { cause: error });
     }
 }
 function determineDates(includeToday: any) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/x410/news.ts b/lib/routes/x410/news.ts
index 6f41f719f1..ed6b84f751 100644
--- a/lib/routes/x410/news.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/x410/news.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'en';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('article.post')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('article.post')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/xbmu/academic.ts b/lib/routes/xbmu/academic.ts
index 797852af12..d824e55b44 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xbmu/academic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xbmu/academic.ts
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async () => {
             id: 'https://rsshub.app/xbmu/academic',
         };
     } catch (error) {
-        throw new Error(`Error fetching academic information: ${error}`);
+        throw new Error(`Error fetching academic information: ${error}`, { cause: error });
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/xbmu/announcement.ts b/lib/routes/xbmu/announcement.ts
index 5c5ff50e3d..8fcd834b59 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xbmu/announcement.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xbmu/announcement.ts
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ const handler: Route['handler'] = async () => {
             id: 'https://rsshub.app/xbmu/announcement',
         };
     } catch (error) {
-        throw new Error(`Error fetching announcements: ${error}`);
+        throw new Error(`Error fetching announcements: ${error}`, { cause: error });
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/xianbao/index.ts b/lib/routes/xianbao/index.ts
index 20864188f7..fc77de5efa 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xianbao/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xianbao/index.ts
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const categoryParam = ctx.req.param() || { category: 'latest' };
 
-    let urlPath = '';
+    let urlPath: string;
 
     const category = categoryParam.category || 'latest';
 
diff --git a/lib/routes/xjtu/zs.ts b/lib/routes/xjtu/zs.ts
index 49bbb81f7d..edf32ef009 100644
--- a/lib/routes/xjtu/zs.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/xjtu/zs.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('section.TextList ul li')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('section.TextList ul li')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/yamibo/utils.ts b/lib/routes/yamibo/utils.ts
index 354cda6512..437d5d14a1 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yamibo/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yamibo/utils.ts
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export async function fetchThread(
                 };
             }
         }
-        return await fetchThread(tid, options, ++retry);
+        return await fetchThread(tid, options, retry + 1);
     }
 
     return {
diff --git a/lib/routes/ynet/list.ts b/lib/routes/ynet/list.ts
index 35fd9c9646..fb92d0ed35 100644
--- a/lib/routes/ynet/list.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/ynet/list.ts
@@ -62,9 +62,7 @@ export const handler = async (ctx: Context): Promise<Data> => {
     const $: CheerioAPI = load(response);
     const language = $('html').attr('lang') ?? 'zh';
 
-    let items: DataItem[] = [];
-
-    items = $('li.cfix')
+    let items: DataItem[] = $('li.cfix')
         .slice(0, limit)
         .toArray()
         .map((el): Element => {
diff --git a/lib/routes/yuque/utils.ts b/lib/routes/yuque/utils.ts
index 58d719964b..44f4f4953a 100644
--- a/lib/routes/yuque/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/yuque/utils.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ const card2Html = (elem, link) => {
     const name = elem.attr('name');
     const data = elem.attr('value')?.split('data:')[1]?.replace('undefined', '');
     const value = JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent(data || '[]'));
-    let html = '';
+    let html: string;
     switch (name) {
         case 'board':
         case 'emoji':
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhibo8/more.ts b/lib/routes/zhibo8/more.ts
index 3a8f678185..9d57a993c8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhibo8/more.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhibo8/more.ts
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const rootUrl = 'https://news.zhibo8.cc';
 
-    let list,
-        apiUrl = '',
-        currentUrl = '',
-        response;
+    let list;
+    let apiUrl: string;
+    let currentUrl: string;
+    let response;
 
     if (category === 'nba' || category === 'zuqiu') {
         currentUrl = `${rootUrl}/${category}/more.htm`;
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/topic.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/topic.ts
index da7fb17326..3ced96358b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/topic.ts
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = response.data.map(({ target: item }) => {
         const type = item.type;
         let title = '';
-        let description = '';
+        let description: string;
         let link = '';
         let pubDate: Date;
         let author = '';
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/collection.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/collection.ts
index 66495d08eb..b1f82e52c9 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/collection.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/collection.ts
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             const link = item.url;
             const author = item.author.name;
             const pubDate = parseDate(item.collect_time * 1000);
-            let title = '';
-            let description = '';
+            let title: string;
+            let description: string;
 
             // This API gets only article, answer and pin, not zvideo
             switch (item.type) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/topic.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/topic.ts
index 3fa7a44ee3..74d9121ee7 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/topic.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/topic.ts
@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         link,
         item: listRes.map(({ target: item }) => {
             const type = item.type;
-            let title = '';
-            let description = '';
-            let link = '';
-            let pubDate = new Date();
-            let author = '';
+            let title: string;
+            let description: string;
+            let link: string;
+            let pubDate: Date;
+            let author: string;
 
             switch (type) {
                 case 'answer':
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/zhuanlan.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/zhuanlan.ts
index b31f35d913..849f056102 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/zhuanlan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/xhu/zhuanlan.ts
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 description = $.html();
             }
 
-            let title = '';
-            let link = '';
-            let author = '';
+            let title: string;
+            let link: string;
+            let author: string;
             let pubDate;
 
             // The xhu api only get items of type article.
diff --git a/lib/routes/zhihu/zhuanlan.ts b/lib/routes/zhihu/zhuanlan.ts
index 8ae250a839..d100d28539 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zhihu/zhuanlan.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zhihu/zhuanlan.ts
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         }
         $('img').css('max-width', '100%');
 
-        let title = '';
-        let link = '';
-        let author = '';
+        let title: string;
+        let link: string;
+        let author: string;
         let pubDate: Date;
 
         switch (item.type) {
diff --git a/lib/routes/zsxq/utils.ts b/lib/routes/zsxq/utils.ts
index 570e27854d..00e08fcf5f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/zsxq/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/zsxq/utils.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ export async function customFetch<T extends BasicResponse<ResponseData>>(path: s
     }
     // sometimes the request will fail with code 1059, retry will solve the problem
     if (code === 1059 && retryCount < 3) {
-        return customFetch(path, ++retryCount);
+        return customFetch(path, retryCount + 1);
     }
     throw new Error('something wrong');
 }
diff --git a/scripts/workflow/test-route/identify.mjs b/scripts/workflow/test-route/identify.mjs
index 6d7b4990cf..ffb7f8e81e 100644
--- a/scripts/workflow/test-route/identify.mjs
+++ b/scripts/workflow/test-route/identify.mjs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ export default async function identify({ github, context, core }, body, number,
     const bodyNoCmts = body?.replaceAll(/<!--[\S\s]*?-->/g, '');
     const m = bodyNoCmts?.match(/```routes\s+([\S\s]*?)```/);
     core.debug(`match: ${m}`);
-    let routes = null;
+    let routes;
 
     const issueFacts = {
         owner: context.repo.owner,